University of South Carolina Libraries
^i^m MtiU$mtt. TL B. MURRAY, Editor. THURSDAY MORNING, JAN. 10, 1878. ? ?EMOCBATIC EXECUTIVE COMMIT? TEE. The members of the Executive Com? mittee of the. Democratic party of Ander? son County are requested to meet at the iKTftT.T.iOEKCES office,- at Anderson C. H., S. C, on Friday morning the 11th day of January, at 11 o'clock a. m., for the purpose of attending to business of great importance to the party, and to consider the propriety of calling a County Convention at an early day. A fall meeting is earnestly desired. The fol? lowing gentlemen compose the commit? tee: Chairman?James A. Hoyt First Vice Chairman?John B. Moore. Second Vice Chamnan?John B. Sitton. Third Vice Chamnan?Dr. M. C. Parker. Secretary?E. B. Murray. G?rvin Club?J. Y. Glenn. SuTbtown?Willis Watkina. . t fSt-Brushy Creek?T. H. Russell. Fendleton?W. H. D. Gaillard. Sandy Springs?W. W. Bussell.. ".Si Centreville?S.. W. Beeves. HuruWs Spring?J. Belton Watson. Ibrl M.'x-Goi. F, E. Harrison. Ib) I No. 2?Maj. Geo. Merritt. Bock Mills?J. A. McLeskey:. Savannah? B'juben Burriss. Cbrn?^-Dr. A. G. Cook. Martin?IL Ambrose.- ' Varennes?Gol. J. W. Norris. Ball-Jease P. McGee. JBbnea Fath?D. S. McCullough. SIBelton?Dr. W. 0. Brown. WiUiamston?Drt John Wilson. ITopewe??tevL B.T.Tfa Broadway?L. E. Campbell; ?TuJerson-^he Secretary. As no record of the proceedings of the Committee has been kept, there may be ' some error in vhe omission of some Club, or in the name of some member, andv hence any person knowing himself to be a member of the County ExecutiveCom? mittee is requested to attend." JOHN B. MOORE, First Vice Chairman. ' E. B. Mushat, Secretary. President and Mrs. Hay es celebrated their silver wedding in the White House at Washington on the 31st of December last. The President declined to receive any presents on that occasion, and in that respect made a decided improvement upon the example set. him upon numer? ous occasions by his predecessor, the ava? ricious Ulyses. The com mi t tee on coinage, weights and measures, of which Hon. A. H. Stephens, of Georgia, is chairman, are considering the propriety of providing for a new coin to be known as the Goloid coin, which will be composed of gold and some baser metal in such proportions as to make the Goloid dollar about the size of the pres? ent silver half dollar?the Goloid half dollar about the size of the silver quarter, and the Goloid quarter a little larger than the silver ten cent piece. It will be a pretty coin, and of course every one will be as anxious to handle it as they now are for the little gold dollar. It is announced from the National! ? Capitol that for the future the Democrat? ic! party will: vote'solidly with the Presi? dent, and against" CtonkKng, in the~ Sen? ate. They will-vote to confirm all the ' President's appointments, unless it be in special cases. This action, if true, is of very "doubtful, propriety, as we believe . the President is as bad a man as Conk ling. The Senators bad better have an? nounced that they would vote with Hayes when he was fight and-with Conkling when he was right. It would .have put both parties on their good be? havior, and would probably have exerted . a much better influence. It is said that the Russian government j will try Osman. Pasha, the Turkish . com mander in Plevna daring the siege,'be-j fore a military commission, upon a charge j of inhuman cruelty to prisoners. Senti? ment in: Europe is very much divided upon the propriety of this proceeding, and is formed very generally according to the sympathy of each person upon the merits, of the war. There is no doubt that the ] Russian prisoners were subjected to terri? ble privations during the siege, and also J that many of them were mercilessly mur? dered by the Turks, but it is also true that the Turks themselves suffered immensely from want and starvation during this period. Of course necessity will be the plea of Osman Pasha if he is arraigned for these cruelties, but the civilized world would- be benefitted by making an exam? ple of him if the charges are true, to teach all who would like to become hu? man butch-era that war will not excuse the unnecessary taking of human life, or the wanton destruction of private proper-, ty. The evils of combat are great enough 1 when properly restrained, and whoever | seeks to augment those-evils is an enemy of mankind, and deserves to die the. felon's death. Ever since the war the Republicans of J the' North have endeavored to keep np the bitterness of feeling between the two geographical divisions of the Union for the purpose of continuing themselves in power; and one of the most successful fabrications they have devised has been the promulgation of the report that if the Democrats ever obtain possession of the government of the Nation they would pay for all the property destroyed in the South during the late war, and allow pensions to all,soldiers who served in the Confederate service. It is announced through the pressHhat, to guard against the influence which this falsehood has exerted in all the late Presidential elec? tions, the Democratic members of Con? gress have decided to offer an amend? ment to the Constitution of the United States, as soon as Congress reassembles, forbidding the payment of pensions to any one for services in the Confederate army or the payment for any property belonging to citizens of the Confederacy lost or destroyed daring the late war. It is said that the entire vote of the Sooth will be cast in favor of the amendment, and th^ thereby this plea of the Radical demagogue of the Blaine-C?nkling Edrounds stripe will be forever hushed* THE BLUE RIDGE RAILROAD. The dream of the statesmen of South Caroline, for years past has been a direct connection-between our sea coast and the Great West by a great national highway for freights and passengers, which would immensely improve our commercial busi? ness, besides opening up to us more ad? vantageous markets in which to buy the articles we consume and to sell the pro? ductions we raise for market. In this direction quantities of thought, labor and money has been expended, and our whole State was at one time so much enthused upon the subject that our Legislature and the city of Charleston united in the appropriation of public money for the completion of this great desideratum of all classes of our citizens, and, after care? ful consideration of all the advantages and disadvantages of the various lines of crossing the mountains, selected the route known as the Blue Ridge Railroad, from this place by way of Babun Gap to Knoxville, Tennessee, as the most desira? ble possible location, after which work to the amount of millions of dollars was expended upon the line, and the road actually put into operation as far as Walhalla. But for the late war, with its disasters and the evils which followed in its?wake, the Road would have been com? pleted long before this, and the South would have been the neighbor of the West in point of time and trade as well as in geographical position. The harpies of Republicanism, however, swept away .with their foul hands all that was left of this Road, and thereby disheartened its friends, and, for a time, dissipated all hope of its construction. But. now* that we once more have the government in our possession, we hope the interest of bar people-will again return to this im? portant public work,-and that onr Legis? lature will take some action to revive the building of the Road. It is one which will benefit all portions of the State, and make Charleston one of the most flour? ishing and jniportant ports south of New York. V ? Every one who wishes to contribute to the commerce of South Carolina should advocate the building' of the Blue Ridge Railroad, and we believe the Legislature of the State should, lend it a helping hand. - It may be objected thatthe State has already lost heavily in this road, but instead of this being an argument against further expense, it*is a reason why the State should see it completed. We have spent too much money ?n it not to get any return, and it would be decidedly a better investment to complete it than to lose what has been expended judiciously upon tne road. We know the State is poor, but we can do something to keep this road alive. If nothing more, the State could well afford to put the convict labor to work upon it, and in the course of a year or two we will be in a condition to appropriate annually small sums to extending xhe length of the line, so that inaftwyears we would have the whole line built without imposing any serious burden. If we take hold of it as a State enterprise there would be a fair prospect of securing help from outside, and the road could be built beyond a doubt. \Ve hope, when the Legislature reassembles that Charleston and the up-country will shake hands over their common interest, and mature a plan for reviving this grand enterprise. What do our Charleston contemporaries, the Newt and Courier and Journal of Commerce, think of this question? and how are our other ex? changes disposed towards it? Senator Patterson has recovered to a considerable extent from his recent at? tack of nervous prostration, but will be unable. to attend the Senate during the remainder of the session, on account of his feeble health. It is said that he will be absent from his seat without getting a pair with a Democratic Senator, which will leave the Republicans only a majori? ty of one in the Senate without counting the vote of Senator Davis, who is an in? dependent, and generally votes with the Democrats. In addition to this calamity which threatens the Republicans in the Senate, it is said that Senator Patterson is seriously contemplating the question of resigning his Senatorship and removing his citizenship from South Carolina back to Pennsylvania, with a view of running for Congress from that State in 1880. Ex-Senator Simon Cameron has invited i Patterson to visit him, and promises if he I will settle in his district to use all of his influence to secure the Republican nom? ination for him. Cameron's influence hau always been equivalent to a nomination and a nomination has heretofore been equivalent to an election, and hence Pat? terson thinks the chance of becoming a Congressman from Pennsylvania is better than his chance to secure further honors in this State, and hence ho is likely to bid us adieu, and thereby enable the Democrats to elect another Senator which would make parties even in the Senate. The' Republicans are very uneasy about these reports, and it is claimed that there is some foundation for them. We do not wish Pennsylvania any harm, but it would be a great relief to as if she would reclaim the carpet-bag Patterson. The proposition to re-establish the in? come tax as the mode for raising nation? al revenue comes from the South and West, where the present system of In? ternal Bevenue taxation operates as a burden, by compelling these sections to pay more than their just proportion of the burden of supporting the general government. The taxes for the year 1875 are taken as the basis of comparison between the sections, and the operations of the present system may be gathered from the figures of that year. The whole revenue from internal taxes that year was in round numbers $108,000,000. Of this amount the Northeastern States Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Mas? sachusetts, Bhode Island and Connecti? cut?paid only $4,000,000, while accord? ing to population they should have paid $9,250,000, and according to wealth about $15,000,000. The Middle States?New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Delaware?paid $24,000,000, while ac? cording to population they should have paid about the same sum, and according to wealth it would have been $38,500,000. Now the Northwestern States and Terri? tories?Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michi? gan, Wisconsin, Iowa, Minnesota, Kan? sas, Nebraska, Montana,. Dakotah, Col? orado/Arizona, Idaho, Utah and Wyo? ming?paid $38,500,000, while according to population their proportion would only hare been $30,333,333, and accord? ing- to wealth only $27,500,000. The Southern Middle States?Maryland, Vir? ginia, West Virginia, North Carolina, Kentucky and Missouri?paid $26,000, 000, while in proportion to population it ought to have been only $17,750,000, and to wealth only $11,500,000. The other Southern States?South Carolina, Geor? gia, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas and Texas?paid about $24, 000,000, while in proportion to popula? tion it should have been only $15,000, 000, and to wealth only about $9,000,000. The Pacific States and Territories Washington, Oregon, Nevada, California and New Mexico, paid $3,000,000, while in proportion to population it would have been $2,000,000, but in proportion to wealth $2,500,000. Thus it will be seen that there is no equality in the present arrangement, and its change would be of very general advantage to.all except the Northeastern and Middle States. * If the income exempt from taxation be fixed at two or three thousand dollars, the tax would fall heaviest upon the States which now pay the least They are, however, the best able to pay the government taxes, and would only pay upon what they receive. It would be decidedly more equitable than the masjner now employed to raise a national revenue. The Republicans in the House of Rep? resentatives, under the lead ot Beast But? ler, are contemplating the appointment of a committee to investigate the last Presidential election, and, strange to say, the Democrats, in a great many in? stances, are opposed to having the inves? tigation. - Their policy has been misera? bly weak and cringing, and will proba .bly result in favor of the Republicans, for, although they have been robbed of the Presidency, they are upholding the fraudulent President, and trying tp^con ceal the larceny while the Republicans are moving to expose it If the Repub? licans can secure an investigation under their lead, and they are bold enough to expose the. rascalities of* the Presi? dential count, it will retire a number of their leaders from public life, but their party will get credit before the people for purifying itself, while the Democrats will be charged with a connivance at the fraud and an effort to conceal the fact that they have been robbed. The Democrats in Congress ought to investigate all the facts connected with the last Presidential elec? tion, and mercilessly expose the whole of its iniquity. The Republicans under the lead of Senator Cameron of Wisconsin are en? deavoring to get possession of the evi? dence against Patterson to hold it over him as a threat to make him vote to de \ dare Gen. Butler's seat vacant We hope our Legislature will send this document to the Senate in the form of a request for Patterson's removal. If it should take this shape the Senate would pretty cer? tainly be obliged to expel Patterson for the sake of its reputation before the cou n try, and then we would have. two Demo [ cratic Senators from South Carolina in? stead of one. Ex-President Grant has visited Mount Vesuvius, and the New York Herald thinks the Mountain should have shown its consideration for the ''distinguished" visitor by getting up an eruption for the occasion. Its volcanic majesty, however, was of a different opinion, and received the General without any display what? ever. It is supposed, though, that Grant, the greatest smoker of America, held pleasant' communion with Vesuvius, which is the greatest smoker of Europe. AFFAIRS IN WASHINGTON. From Our Regular Correspondent. Washington^ Jan. 5,1878. ' An impression seems to exist that Post? master General Key and First Assistant Postmaster General Tyner are (owing probably to their anomalous relations?. the appointing power being practically divided between them) somewhat jealous of each other; but, I am disposed to i think, from observation and inquiry, that such is not the case. The employees .of the Department are of the opinion that the most friendly feeling exists between the Postmaster General and the First Assistant, who was so recently a Cabinet' Minister. The officials of the Postoffice Department, Republicans as they are, warmly approve Judge Key's adminstra? tion ; and, on the other band, the Post? master General, in his recent annual re? port, spoke of the ability, honesty, fideli? ty and excellence, characterizing the management of postal affairs by Mr. Tyner and those associated with him. The First Assistant Postmaster General, who was years ago a clerk in the Depart? ment, and has since been chairman of the Postal Committee in Congress, and later Postmaster General?has had rare opportunities to become acquainted with all the minute details as well as the com? prehensive relations of the gigantic sys? tem, and it is doubtful if any man in the country understands the machinery as well as Mr. Tyner. It is a Kttie remarkable that two men of such positive character as Judge Key and Mr. Tyner, and so antithetical in politics, education and personal traits, should both "pursue the even tenor of their way," In the matter of appoint? ments, without conflict with each other, or confusion in the Postal service. But the huge gudgeons of the Postal machine have been lubricated with the olive oil of conciliation and reform, while these two gentlemen work together as harmo? niously as would Damon and Pythias. Judge Key, in deference perhaps to a supposed Republican sentiment in the North, delegates certain powers to Mr. Tyner in the matter of appointments in that section ; but he takes upon his own Bhoulders the heavy and complicated work of/the Department, and with mat? ters of petty detail, or vast comprehen? sion, seems equally at home. The Postoffice Department is still, by default of a few round millions, far short of the paying institution that was the ideal of the late Postmaster General Jewell. The excess of expenditures over receipts during the last fiscal year were nearly five millions?($4,354,180.82.) The following are the principal causes that contribute to the defect: 1st The adoption of. postal cards that enable, messages to be transmitted through the mails at one cent, instead of afthree, the amount of postage formerly charged for all written communications; 2nd. The present mode of compensating postmas? ters at offices of the 4th class. Postmas? ters'' at offices of this class (paying less than $1000 a year) are paid by commis? sions on their sales of postage stamps, while postmasters at larger offices are pajd fixed salaries, and the proceeds from sales of stamps at those offices be? long exclusively to the Department.' The result is that postmasters of offices of the 4th class, who are usually retail country store-keepers, instead of limiting their sale of stamps to persons within the delivery of their respective offices, not unfrequently carry on an extensive traffic in stamps with wholesale1 mer? chants in the larger cities, thereby in? creasing, to an undue extent, their own compensation, and greatly diminishing the revenues of the Department. To remedy this defect, Postmaster General Key recommends the enactment of a law which will require the compensation of postmasters at offices of the 4th class to be based upon the stamps cancelled at their respective offices, instead of, as at present, giving them a percentage of the proceeds of their sales of stamps. A third source of loss to the Depart I ment is the dishonest re-use of postage stamps that have not been effectively I cancelled; It is estimated by competent I postoffice officials that the government I loses a million of dollars annually from I this source alone, millions of stamps be I ing so imperfectly cancelled,that a little I soap and water will remove the ink from them. A great many novej devices have I been resorted to, or have rather been ex I perimented with, to guard against this I fraud, but to no successful issue. Judge I Key has the matter now under advist Iment, and he will shortly publish an [order changing the appearance of the lone, two and three cent stamps, with a I view to the protection, in a measure at I least, of the revenues of the Department. I Foreign governments have but little trouble from this last named source;. but I their postage stamps are far inferior to I ours in strength of material, as-well as in I hardness and beauty of finish. If we should adopt the light, flimsy stamp of I Denmark or of Prussia, it is safe to say I that not one in ten thousand could be I washed to look as good as new, but they I would be very unpopular with business jmen and the public generally, and the I number that would tear or become de I faced in process of affixing to the en I velope would be as large perhaps as the I number that are. now renovated after I they have been once used. I The tendency of legislation affecting I the Postoffice Department lias been to I cheapen the. rate of postage, while at the I same time the establishment of new post I offices #in . remote places, in many of the I States, especially in Texas, has . added enormously to the expense of transport I ing the mails. Th^se are the. principal I reasons why - the Postoffice .Department, I which is more intimately connected with I the wants of the people than any.De I partment of the government, is not a self I sustaining institution. THE GREAT CREATIVE INDUSTRY. It? Attractions, Capabilities, Wants, Ad I ' vantages and Disabilities. NUMBER IV. j We have seen that retention is of para I mount importance to successful farming I?-the very.sine qua non?the indispensa I bie condition?without which there can I be no advancement. Then the inquiry I arises how may displacement of boU be I most effectually prevented ? . Our reply Iis by adopting the methods employed by I nature in preserving and enriching. If I we will accept her instructions, given I without price, in simplest language, by I forest, field, everywhere, as the sure I and safe plan, weshall not fail. Let the I suggestions she makes in the turft that I catches on the side, or in the gully, seat I ing itself firmly, resists the current, stops I the drift, levies contributions from\he I rain, gains the mastery at last, and starts lout with a vigorous life, teach a profita I ble lesson. See the young tree slowly I rising from -a barren soil, struggling for I existence, but sending its roots out in Isearch of food, holds the earth fast to-: I gether, and by its annual shedding, fer I tilizing itself, begins a career of strong I and rapid growth. Here are demonstra I ted the powers of retention, preservation I and utilization. j Out now the roots, destroy the life, bare I the earth, and every hasty shower will I carry its- quota down the decents to a I place of deposit near by, or farther away, I as the case may be. So, when we have I subdued the forest and destroyed the I sinews of cohesion, we must supply others, and these are the roots of the I small grains and grasses. Hence, our theory is, the largest possible area in the uncultivated, the smallest practicable in the clean or cultivated crops. What I proportion can profitably beseeded down I is in some degree owing to the condition and character of the soil, and the cir? cumstances of the owner. There is di? versity of opinion upon this subject, and perhaps absolute rule cannot be laid down upon it. But I venture to suggest that when lands are in good tilth and productive, once in three years is often enough, if the aim is to avoid exhaus? tion. In* the instances (and these are many) where the lands of a farm are run and worn, clean cropping once in five years is sufficiently frequent. This may appear to most farmers too long to wait for returns. My reply is, that which looks only to subserve present emergency, and embraces not future advantage, ana I carries not with it the idea of permanen? cy; is at best but an expedient, and not worth the trial. Besides, tfere will be no waiting for results, for it is barely possible that a hand and horse cultivat? ing one-fifth lands in clean crops and four-fifths in grasses and small grain j would fail to support themselves and mate a handsome income for the owner. Allowing fifteen acres for cultivation, each one-horse farm would consist of seventy-five acres. And althongh after preparation a good horse or mule will pass over twice this amount of land fre? quently enough, the hauling in of the small grain and hay, the plowing in of peas, turning of stubble, &c, will keep time fully engaged. One principal feature of this age in every department of industry, is the saving of labor. The heaviest expendi? ture to the farmer in the production of crops is the cost of the labor required to produce them. Now we maintain that the system of rotation indicated above would eminently contribute to this sav? ing, and would be highly economical. Should it be generally adopted there would be heard no more cry for immi? gration to develop our resources; but the labor already here would be amply sufficient to meet present demands. I am trying to see the very situation, the real condition of things in the country; what our agricultural interest requires under existing surroundings and circum? stances, as also to suggest the changes that would soon effect the reclamation of thousands of acres, of washed, wasted lands, bringing along with it prosperity and independence. The same series of rotation for dissim ular soils could not be safely recommen? ded. Whatever is best adapted to the wants and character of the land should be grown upon it, and this is to be ascer? tained by observation and by experiment. Light soils sown or cultivated in peas, and turned over early in the fall, in oats, succeeded by peas- either drilled or broadcast, followed again by oats, and so on, for a period of four years, would not only be found remunerative crops, but the succession would increase the fertility manyfold. Very marked improvement has attended the turning of unpastured oat stubble for three or four consecutive seasons. Heavier, more tenacious soils are favorable to wheat, and by summer fallow may produce successfully that cereal for several years in succession. But what is far preferable, ia the sowing of red clover seed along with the wheat. It is a fact that cannot be controverted that clover is both a preserver and fertil zer. This is its reputation on two conti? nents?Europe testifies to it, America confirms it. In respect to the facility in adapting itself to soil and climate, and its forage and renovating qualities it has no equal among the grasses. The writer has seen it on the flat sandy soil of the eastern shore of Virginia. It flourishes in the coldest latitudes, and is found in the hotest zones. That it does well in upper South Carolina is an established fact. Its great merits should have long since commended themselves more gen? erally to the farming community; and instead of small patches broad fields should be put down in this invaluable Jrass. We believe the time is not very istant when this will take place, and when our old red hill-tops will be seen covered and green with this plant, not perhaps especially for the hay that they may yield, but for purposes of pasturage and renovation. Sown in connection with wheat, oats or barley, or alone, it fre? quently produces a large amount of hay the first season. The second year the first cutting may Se expected to be very abundant; and the afterswath, if allowed to ripen, will furnish seed for other sow? ings, and provender for cattle in the win? ter. Being a biennial the field should at the proper time be turned, and after? wards sowned down in small grain, with a light sprinkling of clover seed. An? other two years will prepare the land for a magnificent corn or cottor. crop. But if preferred the afterswath of the second {?ear may be permitted to fall on the and and serve the two-fold purpose of re-seeding and fertilizing. E. Acts and Joint Resolutions Approved by the Governor. Joint Resolution to require the Sec? retary of-State to ascertain and report at the next session what lands have been purchased for the State under the Land Commission, and in what coun? ties, the prices paid, whether the State has received titles and to which, and what disposition has been made of said lands. Be it resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the State of South Carolina, now met and sitting in General Assembly, and by the authority of the same, That the Secretary of State be, and he is hereby required to ascertain and report at the present session what lands have been purchased for the State, under the Land Commission, and in what counties, the prices paid, whether the State has received titles, and to which, and what disposition has been made of said lauds, Approved December 20,1877. An Act to amend the law relating to juries and jurors. Section 1. Be it enacted by the Sen? ate and House of Representatives of the State of South Carolina, now met and sitting in General Assembly, and by the authority of the same, That the Board of Jury Commissioners for the County of Orangeburg shall prepare a new jury list for the said county as soon as practicable after the passage of this Act; and that Sard and petit jurors shall be drawn >m the list so prepared, to serve at the next ensuing session of the Courts of General Sessions and Common Pleas for said County; and that the grand and petit jurors so drawn shall be held and taken to be lawful jurors for the courts aforesaid in like manner as if the said list bad been prepared during the month of January last. Sec. 2. That whenever the jury list of any county shall be destroyed by fire or other casualty, or whenever it shall be held by any court of competent jurisdic? tion that the jury list of any county has been unlawfully prepared so as to render void the drawing of jurors therefrom, it shall be the duty of the Board of Jury Commissioners of the county to prepare a special jury list for the said county forthwith, in the manner now prescribed by law, from which a special list of grand and petit jurors shall be drawn for the ! Courts of General Sessions and Common Pleas for such- county until the annual jury list shall have been prepared for such county during the month of January next thereafter. Sec. 8. That all acts and parts of acts inconsistent with this act be, and the same are hereby, repealed. j Approved December 20,1877. Information Wanted About the Fig Tree. Secretary's Office, State Agricultural Society, Pomaria, S. C, Dec. 29,1877. Editor Register; Please insert the fol? lowing letter in your paper, with a view to solicit information tor transmission to the Department of Agriculture. AH who can answer, if only in part, will flease do so through the undersigned, at omaria, that the Department may be put in possession of facts that may prove of great advantage and profit to our peo? ple. Yours very respectfully, Thomas W. Hollow ay, Secretary. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C, Dec 4.1877. Sir: The fruit of the fig tree being an article of considerable commerce and consumption, and the soil of the South? ern and Middle States well adapted to its production, this department is desirous of obtaining such information as may be in the possession of those who have cul? tivated the fruit in this country, even in a small way, in order, if possible, to pro? mote this interest and make it an indus? try of advantage and profit, Answers are, therefore, respectfully re? quested to the following: 1. What is the best variety of the fruit grown in your Stete ? 2. By what method are they propaga? ted? 3. In what manner is the ground pre? pared for planting? 4. What management does the plant require? 5. At what age does the tree bear fruit? 6. What is the average yield of a tree in full bearing? 7. What experiments have been made in drying figs? 8. By what insects or diseases is it at? tacked ? 9. What preventives or remedies have you for their ravages ? 10. Can you give any other facts rela? ting to the cultivation, propagation and management of the fig? Very respectfully, Wm. G. LeDuc, Commissioner. To Col. T. W. Holloway, Secretary, &c., Pomaria, S. C. ADMINISTRATOR'S NOTICE. All persons having demands against the Estate of T. E. Bogus, deceased, are hereby notified to present them to the un? dersigned, properly proven, within the time prescribed by law, and all indebted to make payment. W. W. FORD, Adm'r. Jan 10,1878 , 2ft_3 NOTICE. THE Directors and Stockholders of tho Anderson Educational Association are requested to meet at Anderson C. H. oh SATURDAY next, at 12 o'clock m., to trans? act important business. I make this call on mv own motion, in the absence of James A'. Hoyt, President. JOHN B. MOORE, Sec. and Treas. Jan 10,1878 20 1 &mmg? Column, Under the Supervision of the Executive Committee of Pomona Orange. Meeting of Pomona Grange. The meeting of Pomona Grange on last Saturday was respectable, and the members present exhibited a commenda? ble spirit of interest in the welfare of the order. We received many pleasant promises of future promptness and punc? tuality in the discharge of Grange obli? gations. Several sub-Granges cleared themselves on the Secretary's books. The subject of the purchase of Fer? tilizers was discussed, and finally referred to the Executive Committee for arrange? ment ; and Grangers may expect reliable guano ready for delivery in due time, on the most favorable terms that can be ob? tained. Having disposed of the routine busi? ness, the Grange elected the following officers for the ensuing year, and to be installed at the regular meeting in April, viz: W. W. Russell, W. M.; P. R. Brown, 0.; T. B. Lee, Lec.; A. B. B?w den, S.; M. B. Williams, Jr., A. S.; Jeptha Harper, C.; K. Breazeale, T.; J. W. Norris, Sec.; J. T. Cook, G. K.; Mrs. S. H. Norris, C.; Mrs. Belle Bur riss, P.; Mrs. J. W. Pickens, F.; Miss Anna Darracott, L. A. S. Executive Committee?P. R. Brown, T. B. Lee, J. W. Norris. We observe a growing interest towards the Grange on the part of the lady mem? bers, which we gladly hail as evidence of good to the order. Several ladies were reported 9 delegates and secretaries from sub-Granges. Worthy enterprises are not apt to fail when the sympathy, inter? est and energy of the ladies are enlisted; and if a word of approbation and en? couragement from us can avail anything in urging them forward, we cheerfully endorse these ladies, and bid them press forward to the accomplishment of the hallowed object of the order. The following resolution was unani? mously adopted by Flat Rock Grange at their regular meeting on Saturday, De? cember 15,1877: Resolved, That we heartily concur in the resolution of Clio Grange relative .to the undue advantage attempted by the cotton buyers, by requiring the producer or seller to lose the weights of bagging and ties on all cotton sold. S. P. T?te, Sec. The following officers of Hampton Grange, No. 364, were installed on the 28th ult. by Dr. J. T. Cook: E. J. Earle. M.; John Rainey, O.; Milton Richardson, L. ; R. C. Cunning? ham, S.; Rob't. McConnell. A. S.; J. C. Winter, Sec.; M. F. Whittaker, T.; Rev. D. L. Whittaker, C:; F. G. Earle, G. K.; Miss A. E. Earle, L. A. S. NOTICE. THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS of^Anderson County will open from the 7th of Jan? uary, 1878. The Board of Examiners will meet on the second and third Saturdays of January. Statements of the pro rata amount of. each Township will be given to the Trustees as soon as practicable. All Teachers in their reports are requested to give the names of all parents, with the number of children, male and female. J. N. CAR WILE, School Commissioner. Jan 10,1878 2ff 2 A. W. TO DD, Contractor Builder, ANDERSON, S. C. ALL kinds of PLAIN and FANCY WORK done at shortest notice and lowest prices. Agent for TOALE MANUFACTURING CO.?DOORS, SASB, BLINDS, PAINTS, OILS, de. Jan 10,1878 _26 . ly Wiliiamston Male Academy. THE FIELST 8ESSION (twenty weeks) begins JANUARY 7th. Tuition pee Session?Spelling, Reading, Writing, Elements of Arithmetic and of Geography, $8.00. Higher Arithmetic and Geography, English Grammar, Composi | tion, ?. S. History. $12.50. Latin, Greek, I Algebra, Geometry, &c, $17.50. Patrons get benefit of public funds. Char I ges made from time of entrance to end of j session. When attendance is not possible, deduction for lost time is made. Board in private families as low as at other villages. J. M. PICKLE, Principal. Tb?stees?Dr. J.W.Crymes,Pres.; C.E. Horton, Sec.; R. V. Acker, Dr. Ben. Brown, C. B. Roberts. Jan 10,1878_26 2m 1878* 1878. ' GARSWELL_JNSTITUTE. j FIRST Term will open ?1st of JANUA? RY. Place of W. E. Walters well supplied. Both departments constantly supervised by Principal. . Char get per Term of Twenty Weckt. For Primaries.^.$ 8 00 For Intermediates.?.12 00 For Collegiates..". 16 00 Incidental Fee, in advance.;. 25 Board per month, inclusive.$10 00 Board from Monday until Friday.. 5 00 For further particulars, address E. R. CABS WELL, Ja. Jan 10,1878 26 2 Southern Home School THE Exercises of this School will be resumed Jan. 14tb, 1878, and continue twenty weeks. Charges, per Term of Twenty Weeks. Primary Department, in advance.$5 00 History, Geography, Grammar, Com? position, Higher Arithmetic and Ob? ject Lessons, in advance. 8 00 The higher English Branches, Mathe? matics and Languages.15 00 Contingent Fee_. 1 oO Kindergarten.~ 7 00 Calisthenics?Free. Music.15 00 Board.......12 00 Boarders will receive tbeir tuition or mu? sic gratis, and every effort made for the mental and moral improvement of the young ladies entrusted to our care. JANE C. WADE. Jan 10,1878_26_2 SHERIFFS SALE. STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, Asdbbsob County. In the Probate Court. F. Jane Beaty, Plaintiff, against L. O. Speer James Speer, et ah, Defendants. BT virtue of an order to me directed by W. W. Humphreys, Judge of Probate for the County of Anderson, and State afore? said, I will expose to' sale on the FIRST MONDAY in FEBRUARY next, (1878.) at Anderson Court House, S. C, the following Tracts of Land, lying in Anderson and Ab? beville Counties, to wit: TRACT NO. 1, Containing two hundred and four and one half (2044) acres, bounded by lands of Col. J. W. Lomax, Mrs. A. O. Stansoler, Mrs. Kelley, James H. Wiles and Tract No. 2. TRACT NO. 2, Containing one hundred and sixty-three and one-fourth (263*) acres, bounded by lands of James H. Wiles, Col. J. W. Lo? max, Tracts Nos. 1 and 3, and on the East aide of Savannah River. TRACT NO. 3, Containing one hundred and eighteen and one-half (1181) acres, bounded by lands of | Col. J. W. Lomax, Tract No. 2, and lying on the East side of Savannah River. Terms of Sali?One-third of the pur? chase money in cash; the remainder on a credit of twelve months, with interest from day of sale?purchaser to give bond and at least two good securities, together with a mortgage of the premises, to secure the pur- j chase money. Purchaser to pay extra for all necessary papers and titles. JAMES H; McCONNELL, Sheriff Anderson County. Jan 10,1878 20 4 AN ORDINANCE To Raise Supplies for the Town of Anderson, S. C, for the Year 1878. BE IT ORDAINED, bv the Intendant and Wardens of the Town of Ander? son, S. C, in Council assembled, and by the authority of the same, That a Tax, for the sums and in the manner hereinafter named, shall be raised and paid into the public treasury of the said Town for the uses and purposes thereof: Scction 1. There shall be paid twentj ? five cents on every one hundred dollars worth of Real and Personal Property." ex? cept the Carolina Collegiate Institute. Gree ley Institute, Farmer's and Mechanic's-As? sociation and the Churches of the Town. Sec. 2. There shall be paid a license tax of ten dollars on every two-horse dray, or two-horse wagon used as a dray; of five dollars on every one-horse dray, or one horse wagon used as a dray; of two dollars and fifty cents on every two-horse carriage kept for hire; of one dollar and fifty cents en all one-horse vehicles on springs kept for hire: of two dollars and fifty cento on every two-horse wagon; and of one dollar ana fifty cents on every one-horse wagon; and there shall also be paid by the owner a tax of fifty cents on the head of every dog. Sec. 3. There shall be six days work ren? dered on the streets, under the supervision of the Assistant Marshal, by every able bodied male person between the age of 18 and 46; or any person may commute the same by paying to the Treasurer the sum of two dollars; and any person liable as above and foiling er refusing to make payment by the time hereinafter specified, shall be held liable to the penalties provided by law. 8ec. 4. There shall be paid in advance a tax license of five dollars per diem by all itinerant traders or auctioneers offering for sale any goods, wares or merchandise; and on failure to pay the same, they shall he fined in the discretion of the Town Council for every day they may so offer their goods, or merchandise: Provided, The provisions of this Section snail not be so construed as to apply to ordinary dealers in grain, fruit, potatoes, tobacco, ironware, earthenware, or other produce or manufactures. Sec. 5. There shall be levied a tax of one hundred dollars on every exhibition of any Circus or Menagerie during the day, and fifty dollars for any such exhibition at night; end a tax of ten dollars on all other shows or exhibitions given for profit, gain or reward; and a tax of five dollars on ev? ery entertainment given at night or during the "day for amusement, profit, gain or re? ward, the same to be paid in advance. Sec. 6. And be it farther ordained, That the taxes on Real Estate shall be paid ac? cording to the valuation by the Town As? sessors, and all other taxes according to the returns made on oath to the Clerk of the Council. . * Sec. 7. And be it further ordained, That all returns shall be madeVon or before the first day of February, 1878, and all taxes shall be paid on or before the first day of March, 1878?except taxes, on omnibuses, hacks, carriages, baggies, wagons aril drays kept for hire, which shall be paid before such vehicles are allowed* to run; and per? sons who shall fail to make their returns within the time specified,?shall be assessed by the Clerk of the Council. And if any person or persons shall refuse or neglect payment of the taxes herein levied within the time specified, the Clerk of the Council is hereby authorized and required to add twenty per centum penalty to the amount of the tax of the person or .persons thus refusing or neglecting payment of their taxes; and if the twenty per centum pen? alty so imposed and the tax is not paid within twenty days, it shall be the duty of the Clerk of the Council to issue Executions therefor immediately, and collect. the same by due process of law. Done and ratified in Council, and the . Seal of the Corporation of the Town of Anderson affixed thereto, this the [l. s.] third day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight. W. W. HUMPHREYS,' Intendant. THOS. C. LWON, Clerk. Jan 10,1878 26_1^ REPORT OF THE CONDITION .of the National Bank of Anderson, AT Anderson, in the State of South Carolina, at the close of business December 23th, 1877: RESOURCES. Loans and Discounts..............................S 93,723 11 U. 8. Bonds to secure Circulation...,. 50,000 00 Other stocks, bonds and mortgages......... 8,763 79 Due from approved Reserve Agents........ 37,412 14 Due from other National Banks............. 19,122 84 Duo from State Backs and Bankers....... 408 81 Real Estate, Furniture and Fixtures. 1,000 00 Current Expenses and Taxes paid.......... 2,545 17 Checks and other cash Items._. .680 00 Bills of other Banks...?. ?11; 5,740 00 267 66 1,975 60 9,600 00 Redemption Fand with U. S. Treasurer, (6 per cent, of Circulation,).i-... 2,250 00 TotaL....._.._?283,387 58 LIABILITIES. Capital Stock paid In..._......_........4 50,000 00 Surplus Fund_...- 10,000 00 Undivided Profits-.2..1?. 11,088 85 National Bank Notes outstanding...?; 44,000 00 Individual Deposits subject to check...... 90,871 64 Demand Certificates of Deposit.a. 27,427 09 TotaL._~_._5283,887 58 STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA,) County of Anderson. J I, J. A. Brock, Cashier of the above named Bank, do solemnly swear that the above statement Is true, to the best of niy knowledge and belief. J. A. BR?CK, Cashier. Subscribed and sworn to before me this 8th day of January, 1878. B. FRANK MAULDIN, Notary Public. Correct?Attest: J. W. Nobris, 1 B. F. Cbaytow, V Directors. Geo. W. Faxt, J Jan 10, 1878 26 ?__1 s T?TE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, ' . Anderson Countt. By TP. TT. 'Humphrey?, Judge of Probate. WHEREAS, J. C C. Featberston has ap Slied to me to grant him Letters of Admin tratien on the Estate and effects of A. S. Barksdale, deceased. ? These are therefore to cite and admonish all and singular the Kndred and creditors of the said A. S. Barksdale, deceased, that they be and appear before me in .the Court of Probate, to he held at Anderson C. H. on Friday, 25th day of January, 1878, after publication hereof, at 11 o'clock in the fore? noon, to show cause, if any they have, why the said Administration should not be Santed. Given under my hand, this 8th y of December, 1878. W. W. HUMPHREYS, J. P. Jari 10,1878_ 26 2 WILLIAMSTON FEMALE COLLEGE, WILLIAMSTON, S. C. A Live Up-Country School for Girls. RET. S. LANDER, A. M., President, TT71LL leave Branchville at 8 a. m. on : VY Saturday, Feb. 2, and pass Colum? bia at 11, escorting pupils to Williamston for the Spring Session, which opens on Monday, Feb. 4,1878. RA TES, per Session of 20 weeks :? Board, exclusive of Washing.$68 00 Regular Tuition.$10 00 to 20 00 Instrumental Music. 20'00 ?E?Jf?-One-half of the Session's expen? ses must be paid in advance, the re? mainder at the middle, April 12. This rule wiil be rigidly enforced in every case. LOCA TION? Healthy, accessible, quiet, J'easant. Community, moral, order . Np grog-shop within three miles, lalybeate Spring in 200 yards. Pu? pils attend three Churches in turn. COURSE OF STUDY?Semi-Annual, on the "Okb-Studt" plan. Each pupil pursues one leading study at a time. Concentration of thought, increased interest, success, and enjoyment re? sult. Belles-Lettres, Natural Science, Mathematics, and Latin, required for graduation. Studious girls complete the Course in three years. PREMIUMS.?Every pupil who averages 75 or more is entitled to a discount of 10 to 50 per cent, on next Session's regu? lar tuition. PHYSICAL EXERCISE receives systemat? ic attention. Daily practice In Calis? thenics. Regular use of Health-Lift. Morning and evening walk, &c. ?S~, Send for a Catalogue. Jan 3,1878_9_ly_ Notice to Fiduciaries. ALL Administrators, Executors, Guar? dians, and other Fiduciaries who by law are required to make their returns to the Judge of Probate, are hereby notified to do so during the month of January, or the penalties of the law will be enforced. W. W. HUMPHREYS. Judge of Probate. Jan 3,1878 x 24 4 CAROLINA COLLE&IATE INSTITUTE* THE SECOND TERM of the Scholastic Year of 1877-8, will open MONDAY, JANUARY 14tb, 1878, with a fall and effi? cient corps of Professors. Charges, per Tern of Thirteen Weeks. Reading, Writing, Spelling, Elemen? tary Arithmetic (to. compound numbers,) Mental Arithmetic, and Primary Geography, in advance...$ 4 00 On time._.6 00 Theabove Studies, with Higher Arith? metic, Composition, Higher Geog? raphy, English Grammar, U. 8. History ana Dictation, in advance. 8 00 On time. 10 00 Scientific, Higher English and Math? ematical and Classical Studies, in advance._ 12 00 On time..-... 14 00 Music, per term. IS 33$ . Use of Piano, per term, for instruc? tion...1 00 Contingent Fee.~. .35. Graduation Fee.. 5 00 Charges commence from date of entrance of pupil. No deduction made for loss of time, unless in cases of serious illness.. Board in the Institute, exclusive of wash? ing and lights, $10.00 per month, if paid promptly at the close of each month. A ? few rooms can be rented to those wishing to board themselves. SPECIAL NOTICE.?Remember that the School Tax hereafter will be two mills, and in order to secure the full bene- - fit of it, it will be necessary to start your children at the opening of school, and not allow them to be absent a single day, for every day's attendance of your child at school largely reimburses you for the above tax expenditure. The funds mrived from this tax are usually expendeu during the first months of the year-; hence the neces? sity-for a full attendance daring, those months. For further information, apply to W. Jl. LIGON,. President. . Jan 3,1878 * 25 ? 4 ' NOTICE OF ASSIGNEE'S SALE. UNDER a Deed of Assignment made to James M. Latimer by Albert J. Clinkscales, the 29th of February, 1877, for the benefit of bis creditors, we' will sell at ABBEVILLE COURT HOUSE, on che Second Monday In January, 1878, Within the legal hours of sale, the follow? ing property, to wit: ONE TRACT OF LAND, NO. 1, ? Known as the "Pinckney Land,"' contain? ing two hundred and twenty-one pprrT^ more or leas, lying on wateqrof r Creek, bounded byJands orTY' Clinkscales, James W. Crawford of Mrs. Mary Miller. TRACT NO. 2, Known as the "Plantation Tract,", contain? ing five hundred and forty acres, more ox less, lying on Shanklin's Creek, waters of Little River, bounded by lands of Dr. J. T; - Baskins, James W. Crawford, W. VTCllnk scalesr and other lands of A. J. Clinkscales. TRACT Njfc 3, Known as the "Home Place," containing three hundred acres, more or less, on Shank- ? lin's Creek, waters of Little River, bounded by lands of W. V. Clinkscales and DrvJ; T. Baskins. TRACT NO. 4, Known as the "Gibert Tract,", containing three hundred and thirteen acres, more or less, lying on ? waters of Shanklin's - Creek, bounded by lands of J. Town es Robertson, Peter Gibert, Dr. J. T. Baskin, W. V. Clink? scales and others. TRACT NO. 5; Known as the "Mitcham Tract,'' contain- . ing three hundred and ninety, acres, more or less, bounded by lands of R. L. Wil? liams, J. H. Bell,W. V. Clinkscales, ahdi others, and lying on waters of ShanKini Creek: On the day following, Tuesday, I will sell at A. J". Clinkscales' home places Nine Mules, one Horse, ,7 Ten Cows and three Calves, - Stock of Hogs and Sheep, Three Wagons, One Carriage and one Bugggc TERMS OF SALE.?Personal p?opertV Cash. Real Estate, one-thiid cash?bal? ance on a credit of twelve months, with im? terest from day of sale, to be secured by mortgage of the premises, with-leave to. ' anticipate payment. Purchaser to pay ex? tra for papers. JAMES M. LATTMER, J08EPH N. BROWN?**" Agent for the Creditors. Dec 20, 1877 , 23 4 ASSIGNEE'S I SALE <* LANDS -o-. ^ BY virtue of a Deed of Assignmeht-x?de ' ? to B. Frank Sloan, by James W. Z Crawford, the 24th. day of January* 1827. for the benefit of-his Creditors, we will sell 3 at PENDLETON VILLAGE, on the 8EO- % OND THURSDAY in JANUARY NEXT, dfi within the legal hours of sale, the following property, to' wit: ONE TRACT OF LAND, 1 In Pick ens County, State of South Caroffna, 'Si known as the "Keowee Tract,"'containing ' J Seven Hundred Acres, more or* less, situate between Twelve Mile and Keowee Rivers, bounded by lands of B. Boggs and others. ALSO, . v At same time and place, one other TRACT* OF LAND, lying part in Pickens and part in Oconee Counties, known' as the "Cold. Spring Place," on which James W. Craw- ' ford now lives, containing Seven Hundred, and Seventy Acres, more or less, on Seneca. * River, and adjoining lands of Thomas G_ Clemson and others. ALSO, At the same time and place, a lot of Mules and Wagons, and one Horse. ALSO, At ABBEVILLE COURT HOUSE on the Second Monday in January next, ONE TRACT OF LAND, In Abbeville County, on Shanklin's Creek, waters of Little River, containing Fourteen Hundred Acres, more or less, adjoining lands of Wm. Clinkscales and others. ? TERMS OF SALE. Personal Property cash?Real Estate one third cash., balance on a credit of twelve months, with interest from date of sale, to ' be secured by mortgage of the premises, .-: with leave to anticipate payment. Purcha? ser to pay extra for papers. B. FRANK SLOAN, Assignee. JOSEPH N. BROWN, Agent for Creditors. Jan 3,1877 25 ". 2 STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, And?eson Couott. By W. W. Humphreys, Judge ofProbate, WHEREAS, J. M. Acker and Isaac C. Harper have applied to me to grant them letters of administration on the Person-- < al Estate and effects of Mrs, Nancy Harper.. deceased. ? These are therefore to cite and admon? ish all kindred and creditors of the saidt ?-: Nancy Harper, deceased, to bo and ap? pear before me in Court of Probate, to. be held at Anderson Court House, ovu . Monday, 28th day January, 1S73. after pub? lication hereof, to shew cause, if any they have, why the said administration should! '< not be granted. Given under my hand,, this 5th day of January, 1878. W. W. HUMPHREYS, J. P. Jan 10,1877_26 2* ADMINISTRATOR'S NOTICE. All persons having demands against .3 the Estate of Mrs. Lucy J. Griffin, deceased, ?31 are hereby notified to present them to' tha ] undersigned, properly proven, within tha time prescribed by law, and all indebted to the Estate to make payment immediately. T. E. WATKINS, Adm'r. * ; Dec 27, 1877 24 - 8? ? ?\rOTICE FINAL SETTLEMENT. : jL-N Notice is hereby given that the under? signed, Executor of the Estate of Bartholo? mew White, deceased, will apply to the Judge of Probate for Anderson County, on the Tuesday, the 5th day of February, I?TSy ? for a Final Settlement and discharge from said Estate .. . ' JOHN B. WATSON? Jan 3,1878 . -25;