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- RATEST OF SUBSCRIPTION.--TWO Dollars pgr annum, and Ose Dollar for six jnooths. Subscriptionsare\not taken for a less period than six months. Liberal deductions made to clubs of ten or more subscribers. RATES OF ADVERTISING.?One Dollar per s'juare ol one inch for the first insertion, and Fifty Cents per square for subsequent insert ions less than three months. No advertisements connte less than a square. Liberal contracts will be made with thore wishing to advertise for three, six or twelve months. Ad? vertising by contract must be cenfined to the im? mediate business of the firm or individual contrac? ting. Ob:tnary Notices exceeding five lines, Tributes of Respect, and all personal communications or matters of individual interest, will he charged for at advertising rates. Announcements of marriages and deaths, and notices of a religious character, are r-spectfullv solicited, and will be inserted gratis SHERIFFS SALE. STATE OP SOUTH CAROLINA, Anderson Countt. T)Y virtue of various Executions to me JD> directed, I will expose to sale on the First Monday Jn November next, at Ander? son Court House, South . Carolina, the. fol? io wing property, to wit: All the.undivided interest of Mary Jane Howard in the Tract of Land, containing one hundred acres, more ror less, situatein Anderson cotu^ty^jbo^dihglands.of Evans Burriss, A. Jfrcteoti Hall, A. L. McMahah and otheftw Levied on as the property of Mary Jin^ Howard^ Plaintiff; vs. J, ft Ad fems and Wm. Jones, Defendants, in favor ?Oif Said J. P. Adams and Wm. Johes, Defen *dahfe, against the said Mary Jane Howard, Praihtift.-foPKJOSfis'ef non^ttSfer.r ~ - Also, one Lot V&Xitc town of Bel ton, con? taining three arrd one-half (3?) acres, more fofr fess, bounded by lot of Capt. Austin, Dr. w. *C. Brpwbe and others, and all' of De ? fefrd aWs Interest in one Tract of L>an d, con taihing three hundred (300) acres, more or ?>es>, bounded by lands of Sarah Kelly, J. J. Oopcland, Widow Breazeale and others. Levied on as the property of J. K. Brea? zeale, at the suit of L. E. Campbell and others. .. .... Also, one Tract, of Land*.containing one hundred and forty-three (143) acres, more or Jess, bounding lands of "George Stewart, E W. Stewart and Estate of Adam Stewart, ?deceased, and others. Sold as the property ?of W?liani Jones? at the suit, of Smith & Glark?and&0ie??. ' * ? ? ? , Alspr all of frcfendant's-interesL Jn one. Tract of Lawe^ containing four hundred and twelve acres, more or less, bounded by lands ? ?ofrf&/?{ Stacker, Widow.rStevenson, Jere nxvah Yeargin and others. Sold as the prop? erty of J. G. Hall, at the suit of McGrath , & By rum. Also, one Tract of Land, containing one hundred and sixty-five (165) acres, more or less, adjoining lands of jQha?BTLcrerettr G. W. Long, John Clinkscales and..others:' SoW as the prop&tytftTkJwiutf^haw,"at thesaitof SaUre V, McAlister. Also, all of Defendant's interest in .one Tract-of Land, containing two hundred and thirty-four (234) acres, more or less, bounded . by lands of Sato&el Cunningham, Joseph Cuneittghntm, Robert Cunningham and oth? ers, on waters of Big Generostee Creek. Sold as the property of Elizabeth Cunningham at the suit of W. E. Padgett.. . Also, OnoTract of land, containing eighty three (88) acres, more or less, bounded by lands of W. W. McMahan, J. N. Burriss, Mrs. M. J. Howard and others. Sold as the property of Jacob D. Welch, at the suit of Gordon & Aldow. Terms of Sale.?Cash, purchaser to pay for all necessary papers. JAMES H. McCONNELL, Sheriff Anderson County. Oct 11,1877_ 12*_4__ SHERIFF'S' SALE. STATE OF^fecA^LiNA, ( Anderson County. In t&e Probate Court. Wm. S. Hall and wife, Malinda Hall, Plain? tiffs, against Enos Massey, Thomas Mas? sey, etak BY virtue of an order to me. directed from W. W. Humphreys, Judge-of Pfobate'for Anderson County, and State aforesaid, I will expose to sale on the FIRST MONDAY in NOVEMBER next, at Ander? sen. Court House, the following i. /; q?HAQTS,OF LAND, \ . > fi ?as the real estate of Silas Massey, deceased, to wit: . Tract No, 4?Known as the Grave Yard tracj^ c?^ining,?venty-Five (75)-Acres, more or icss, bounded On the west t^Tiact NoTS^ on the north by Tract No. 5, and others. : . Tract No. 5?Containing One Hundred atnd Fifty-Nine-^159). Acres, more or less, 'bounded on. the we3t by-Tract No. 4, on the (east by Tract No. 6, and others. Tract No. 6^-Containing Seventy-Seven '(77) Acres, more or less, hounded on the west by Tract No. 5. and on the east by lands of James Chamblee and others. Tract No. 8?Containing One Hundred and Twenty-Eight (128) Acres, more or less, bounded by Tracts No. 6 and No. 9, and* known as the Dickson house tract. . . f , Tract No. 10?Containing One Hundred and FiffV-Two (152) Afcres, more or less, bounded by Tracts No. 8,9, it and others. " Tract No. 11?Containing Two Hundred and Thirty-Five (235) Acres, more or less, known as the "Webb House" place, boun? ded by Tracts No. 10, 9 and others. Lot No. 2, of Tract No. 14?beingNo. 2 of McLees Tract?containing ODe Hundred and Fifty-Eight (15fc)\?cres, tiic-re of less; bounded by Tract No. 1, Samuel C. Humph? reys and lands lately belonging to the Estate of James Gilmore, deceased. Also, Greenville & Columbia Railroad Bonds?Three $59D> Bonds;' and Three $100 Bonds. Terms of Sale.?Onetfhird cash, and the remainder upon a credit of twelve months, with interestrirom the day of sale at ten-per .cent, per'annum, the purchaser to give bond with at least two approved securities, to? gether with a mortgage of the premises to secure the purchase money. Purchaser to pay for all necessary papers. JAMES H. McCONNELL, , Sheriff Anderson Countv. _13~-.5. SHERIFFS SALE. STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, Anderson County. In the Probate Court. Lavega S. Barksdale, Plaintiff, against Ma? ry F. Barksdale, Yancey M. Barksdale, Ludy B. Barksdale, Charley Barksdale, Defendants.?Petition for Partition. BY virtue of an order to me directed by W. W. Humphreys, Judge of Probate for Anderson county and State aforesaid, I will expose to sale on the FIRST MON? DAY in NOVEMBER next, at Anderson Court House, S. C, the following lots of Land, to wit: Lot No. 1?Known as the "John Howard Tract," containing ninety-eight and one half (98}) acres, more or less, on branches of Tugalo creek, waters of Beaver creek, of Rocky river, all of Savannah river, on road to Finley's Mill, bonnded by lands of Geo. W. Long, C. S. Mattison, J. J. Firtley, Lot No. 2, and others. Lot No. 2?Containing forty-nine and one-quarter (49i) acres, more or less, known in the plat as the "Middle Tract," bounded by lands of J. J. Finley, G. W. Long and Lots Nos. 1 and 3. Lot No. 3?Containing fifty-two and one quarter (52J) acres, more or less, and known as the "John Elrod Tract." bounded by lands of J. J. Finley, Lot No. 2, and Elijah Powell. Terms of Sale?One-third cash, and the re? mainder in three equal annual instalments, with interest from day of sale?purchaser to give bond, with two good sureties, and a mortgage of the premises to secure the pur? chase money. Purchaser to pay extra for all necessary papers. JAMES H. McCONNELL, Sheriff Anderson County. Oct 11,1877 13 4 SHERIFFS SALE. STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, -?-Anderson Co?ntt. In tlte Qntrt of Probate. W. Stewart vs. G^rge Stewart, Sallie Russell, Jerry Moore, etfcl. j BY virtue of an order to me directed by W. W. Humphreys, Judge of Probate forithe*C6unty of Anderson^ and Stateafore said, I will expose to sale on the FIRST MONDAY d* NOVEMBER next, the fol? lowing tract of land, to wit: ONE TRACT OF LAND, Containing two hundred and sixty-eight (268) acres, more or less, as appears by ac? tual survey made by Wm. S.llall, D.S., a plat oi which is filed in the proceedings of this case, situated in Savannah Township, bounded by lands of John Gentry, John H. Jones, B. A. Davis. Mr?. Caroline Hardy, Reuben Burriss, Wm. J. Jones, Wm. Jones and George Stewart. Terms of Sale? One-half cash; the remain? der on a credit of twelve mouths, with in? terest from day of sale?the purchaser to give bond, with two good sureties, and a mortgage of the premises to secure the pur chase money. ' Purchaser to pay cash for all neccssarv papers, &c. JAMES H. McCONNELL, Sheriff Anderson County, Oct 11,1877 13 4 SHERIFFS SALE. STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, Anderson County. In the Court of Common Picas. Jesse W. Norris, Administrator, Plaintiff* - vsrJ?hff?rCc^hraffahd F.'S. Rottgers. BY virtue of an order to me directed by Hon. L. C. Northrop, Judge of the Eiekth,'JT?liClHl lCircuit,''I will expose to sale on the FIRST MONDAY in NOVEMBER next, at Anderson Court House, S. C, all that Lot, situate in the Town of Anderson, containining one-half acre, more or lessj to be divided into two Lots, with residence on each Lot. LOT NO. 1, Containing 42-100"?fahacre, "on the East side~of~flfaifl "Street, -whereon' Mrs. Jane Hubbard now resides, known as the "Brick House," lot bounded on the East by John McGrath, on the North by. lot of L. D. Childs, formerly owned by J\ R. Cochran, on the West by Main Street, and on the South by Lot No. 2. . LOT NO. 2, Containing twenty-three one-hundredths of | an acre, more or less, it being the framed residence kwherepn Z. D. <3hamwee aiow. re? sides, bounded on, the, East by Lot of Capt. John McGrath, on the North by Lot No. 1, on the West by Main Street, on the South by J. R. Cochran, street intervening. Terms of Sale?One-half cash; the balance on a credit of twelve months, with interest from day of sale,at 10 per cent, per annum, to be secured by" boncf of purchasers, with two good securities, and a mortgage of the fremises, .to.secure the purchase .money, urchaser to pav for all necessary papers. JAMES H. McCONNELL, Sheriff Anderson County. Oct 11,1877_13_. ?j SHESITFS- SALE. STATE" OF SD?TBT CAROLINA, Anderson County. In the Court of. Common Picas. Hudson B. Davenport and wife, Mary M. Davenport, Plaintiffs, vs. G. W. Cox, Wm. H. Austin, J. B. E. Sloan, James, M. Seignious and others, Defendants.?Action for Injunction to Enter Credits on Mortgage, &c. "T> Y virtue of an order to me directed by ILJ Hon. L. C. Northrop, Judge ot the Eighth Judicial Circuit, I will expose to sale on the FIRST ^MONDAY in NOVEMBER next, at Anderson Court House, 8. C, all that Lot of Land, to wit: ONE LOT OF LAND, situate in the town of Eel ton, in the County an d State afore? said, whereon the Plaintiffs, Hudson B. Davenport and wife, Mary M. Davenport, reside, containing six and one-half (6}) acres, more or-less, and bonnded by lands of | the Greenville and Columbia Railroad Co., Charles Gambrell and others. Terms, o/.&ifcrOne-third of the purchase money in cash; the balance on a credit of J twelve months, with interest from day of sale at 7 per cent, per annum?purchaser to ! give bond, with two good securities, and a mortgage of the premises, to secure the pur? chase money. Purchaser to pay for all ne? cessary papers:; " * *"~rV' JAMESiHr-MceONNELL, Sheriff Anderson County. Oct 11, 1877 r , 13_4 SEEBITFS SALE. t STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, Anderson County. In the Probate Court. D. J.Howard^ndwiferM. J. Howard vs. Ida N. West. BY virtue of an order to me directed by W. W. Humphreys, Judge of Probate for Anderson County, and State aforesaid, I will expose to sale on the FIRST MON? DAY in NOVEMBER next, at Anderson Court House, S. C, the following Tract of | Land, to. wit: ONE TRACT OF LAND, containing one hundred (100) acres, more or less, bounded by lands of Jacob Hall, New? ton Burriss, Jacob Welch and others. . . J'erms of Sale? One-third cash, and the re? maining two-thirds on a credit of twelve months, with ?interest from day of sale? purchaser to give bond, with two good se? curities, and a mortgage of the premises, to secure the purchase money. Purchaser to pay for all necessary papers. JAMES H. McCONNELL, Sheriff Anderson County. Oct 11, 1877_13_4 SHERIFFS SALE. State or South Carolina, > Anderson County. J In the Probate Court. John H. Tripp^mdLMartha C. Stewart, Pe? titioners, vs. Elizabeth Tripp, and others. BY virtue of an order to me directed by W. W. Humphreys, Judge of Probate, I will expose to sale , on tho FIRST MON? DAY in NOVEMBER next, at Anderson Court House, & C, all that . TRACT OF LAND, Situate in Anderson county, and State afore? said, on waters of Brushy Creek, containing j two hundred and fifty (250) acres, more or less, adjoining lands of John D. King, Jas. Simpson, Richard Elrod and Taylor Elrod. Terms of Sale?One-third cash; balance on a credit of twelvemonths, with interest from day of sale, purchaser to give a bond, with two good securities, and a mortgage of the premises, with leave to anticipate payment at any time. Purchaser to pay for all ne? cessary Dapers. JAMES H. McCONNELL, Sheriff Anderson County. Oct 11,1877_13 ' 4 STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, COUNTY OF ANDERSON. IN THE COURT OF PROBATE. John C. jHorton, Plaintiff, against E. M. Holland. Martha Lawless, et ah, Defen? dants.?Summons for Relief?Complaint not Served. To the Defendant, Nancy L. Hall, Samantha J. Grant. ^V7~OU are hereby summoned and required JL to answer the complaint in this action, of which a copy is herewith served upon you, and to serve a copy of your answer to the said complaint on the subscribers at their office at Anderson Court House, South Carolina, within twenty days after the ser? vice hereof, exclusive of the day of such service; and if you fail to answer the com? plaint within the time aforesaid, the Plain? tiff in this action will apply to the Court for the relief demanded in the complaint. Dated October 6th, 1877. MOORE & ALLEN, Plaintiff's Attorney. THE Defendants in this action will take notice that the petition herein filed for the probating in due form of law the last will and testament of John Holland, deceased. MOORE & ALLEN. Sol. Pro. Pet. Oct 11,1877_13_6_ STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, -.-AndersoN-Cqujs i y . By W. W. Humphreys, Judge of Probate. WHEREAS, W. A. .Geer has applied to me to grant him letters of admin? istration on the Estate and effects of E. R. Brown, deceased. These are therefore-to cite and admon? ish all kindred and creditors of the said E. R. Brown, deceased, to be and ap? pear before me in Court of Probate, to be held at Anderson Court House, on Friday, 0th November, 1877. after pub? lication hereol, to shew cause, if any they have, why the said administration should not be granted. Given under my hand, this 24th day of October, 1877. W. W. HUMPHREYS, J. P. Oct 25, 1877 15 2 APPLICATION FOR HOMESTEAD. Mrs. Elizabeth Timms, the widow of Elijah Timms, deceased, having applied to me for the benefit of Homestead in the real and personal estate of said deceased, all per? sons interested will please take notice that her application will be heard before me at Anderson C. H. on the 6th of November next. W. W. HUMPHREYS, Judge of Probate. Oct 4,1877 12 5* DIAMONDS. The Most Precious of Precious Stones ?-The Fields of Brazil, South Africa, Russia and India. London Spectator. Until within little more than ten years ago, an "Ethiop" on his native soil desi? rous of wearing a fair jewel in his ear would have had to import the bauble; and at a much later date, the colonists of Queensland and New South Wales be? lieved that Nature, in the storing of her treasure-houses out of their way, had drawn the line at gold. In all the riches of the earth had English territory a share, except in those mucn-pftzed things which have inspired fancies and fables from the beginning of all records of fancy and of fable. The diamond had hitherto yielded up its peerless preciousness in Indian mines and in Brazilian gravel-beds? where in early times the men who, in washing gold, found the sparkling stones, threw them away, or used them as card markers?in the Ural mountains (where the earth was also bountiful of emerald,) and in Borneo. Of these treasure-hoards India's were THE MOST ANCIENT AND RICH, and the most industriously rifled. When, in 1727, Bernardino Fonseca Lobo, who had seen rough diamonds in India, took a number of the pretty card-markers from Minas-Geraes to Portugal for sale, the European merchants, frightened lest the discovery should cause a fall in the price of the gems in their possession, declared that ''Brazilian diamonds" were only the refuse of the Indian stones, forwarded to Goa, and thence to Brazil. No inani? mate article of commerce in the world has inspired more, cruelty and tyranny, or occasioned more misery, than the dia? mond; and, if among the animate the horse rivals it as a suggester of subtle swindling, it barely does so. The very fairies cannot help cheating in precious stones; how, then, should mere mortal merchants? So the dealers, having the ear of the diamond-buying world, pooh hoohed and discredited Brazil; where? upon the Portuguese cut their human fellow diamonds deeply by sending the Brazilian stones to Ooa, and thence to Bengal, where they were offered for sale as Indian gems, and fetched Indian pri? ces. This was a very neat transaction, pending the establishment of the "Dia mentina" as a remunerative fact demon? strated by slave labor. SOME REMARKABLE STORIES are connected with the discovery of dia-. monds in Brazil, so much regretted by the Marquis de Pombal, who vainly en? deavored to arrest the evil by forbidding search in the Province of Bahia (Brazil? ian diamonds were known at first as "Ba hias") on the plea that agriculture would suffer from the diversion of industry. We find these stories in Mr. Streeter's valuable work on "Precious Stones," in which every, branch.of Ws;iascinating subject is made interesting. The discov? ery of diamonds in Bahia was in this wise: "A cunning slave from Minas Geraes, keeping his master's flocks in Bahia, observed a similarity between the soil of his native place and that of Bahia. He sought therefore in the sand, and soon found 700 'carats off'diamonds. 9 Ftfeeingr from his Kr.ster, he carried these1 with him, and offered them for sale in a dis? tant city. Such wealth in the hands of a slave caused him to be arrested, but he would not betray himself. The master, to whom he was given up, tried to get at his secret by cunning, but without avail, until he thought of restoring him to his former occupation, in Bahia,, and watch? ing him." A year afterwards 25,000 people were digging diamonds there (eignty miles long by forty broad,) and at the rate of 1,450 carats a day. DREADFUL MISERY, ensued on the discovery of the "Dia? mond Rivers." The government wanted to secure a monopoly of the new-found wealth to the Crown, and so the dwellers on the rivers' banks were driven from their homes to distant wilds and despoiled of all they possessed. "Nature seemed to take part ragaindt themf a dreadful drouth, succeeded by a violent earth? quake, increased their distress. Many of them perished, but those who lived to return, on May 18, 1805, were benevo? lently reinstated in their rightful posses? sions. Strange to say, on-% their- return, the earth seemed strewnv'wfth diamonds; After a shower, the children used to find gold in the streets, and in the brooks which traversed them. Often the little ones would bring in three or four carats of diamonds. A negro found a diamond at the root of a vegetable in bis garden, and poultry, in picking up their food, took up diamonds constantly." JEsop thus improved upon, in the* fullness ofi time we find Sindbad parodied. In 1868 the child of a Dutch farmer named Ja? cobs, settled at the Gape, amused himself by collecting pretty pebbles on the banks of the neighboring river, and picked up a specimen which attracted his mother's 'atfSfftionr'tfo thAr"ghe*^slIb"wed~it~to"one,i Sohlack van Niekirk, who .was curious in such matters. He was nuzzled about its nature, and offered to buy it, but Mrs. Jacobs laughed at this offer and gave him the pebble, which afterwards passed carelessly through two intervening pairs of bands before it reached?in a gummed envelope and unregistered?Dr. Ather stone, of Graham's Town, an excellent mineralogist. This gentleman, Having examined its physical character and tes? ted its degree of hardness and density, and its behavior when subjected to opti? cal tests by means of polarized lights, PRONOUNCED IT TO BE A DIAMOND. This is the stone which was examined by savans of all nations during the Paris Exhibition in 1867, and purchased at the close of it by Sir Philip Wodehouse for ?500. In 1870 Mr. Streeter's Diamond Expedition party were exploring the Transvaal far and wide, and ascertaining facts which complete our knowledge of the new wonder of the world. Amid dry geological details, charming touches of anecdote and adventure crop up, like the gems themselves, from the gravel and the quartz; and great solitary jewels, like the "Stuart" and the "Dudley," emerge and take their places iu history with the Sancy, the Pitt, the Great Mo? gul, the Hope Brilliant, and many anoth? er bright bauble, blood-and-tear-stained. The Transvaal, our new territory, is Sind bad's Valley in prospect, and the origin of the most celebrated group of dry dig Sings?that called Du Toil's Pan, which oes not sound poetical?is as simple and fantastic as a fancy of Hans Christian Anderson's. "A Dutch boer, named Tan Wyk, who occupied a farm-house in this locality (twenty miles south of thePniel,) was su rprised to find diamonds embedded in the walls of his house, which had been built of mud from a neighboring pond. This led to examination of the soil, which was soon found to contain diamonds.? On continuing to dig lower and lower, diamonds were still brought to iight, nor did they cease when the bed of rock was at length reached." It was but natural that the discovery of diamonds at the Cape should excite only moderate enthusiasm in Brazil, but the Portuguese trick was long past, and the merchants would have been wiser hud they been less augry, and especially incredulous, had they remembered, to ?void them, the incidents of a century before. They refused to receive the warning sent in good faith, and in stolid, unbelief beheld the attention of the trade diverted to the Cape stones, which were brought to market by all kinds of holders, and so fascinated the Amsterdam lapida? ries that for a long time they would cut none other. The Brazilian market went down, and down, and HAS NEVER RECOVERED ITSMIiF, "The Capo yield of large stones," says Mr; Streeterj "enhanced the difficulties of in? fluencing the Amsterdam lapidaries.? They, finding a super-abundance, refused to cut small ones, and these Brazil furn? ished in every parcel with which tl . merchant supplied the market. The merchants of Brazil had therefore to ex? clude all small stones, and contrive to compose their parcels so as to enter into competition with Cape gems. They have not succeeded yet, not because in beauty and quality the Brazilian diamonds had deteriorated, but because of the exorbi? tant prices at which they had been jffered for sale. The future appears decidedly unpropitious for the importation of Bra? zilian diamonds, so long as the prices of diamonds generally remain at their pres? ent level. A very considerable rise would alone produce a resumption of the mines in the diamond districts of Brazil, where none the less untold treasures are still i hidden." So is the eclipse of the great ! Cuddapah, Kandish and EUore groups avenged. The discipline of the Brazilian diamond fields is well contrived and maintained, but it must be comical to behold the tab? leau of "honesty rewarded," when a lucky negro finds a stone of 181 carats, and is crowned with a wreath of flowers and led in procession to the manager. It is pleas? ant to know that the triumph has sub? stantial elements also; that the virtuous digger receives his freedom, a new suit of clothes, and Dermission to work for wages. The only IMPORTANT AUSTRALIAN DIAMOND FIELDS are in New South Wales?discovered within three years?the gems existing in Victoria and South Australia being not remarkable for quality or quantity; but Mr. Streeter is convinced that great things are in the futnre for Australia, when the Colonial continent shall be scientifically ransacked for these myste? rious and beautiful formations of the immeasurable past.- ?He believes-that in the Australian Alps .the matrix. will be discovered whence thev Crystals of'pure carbon already found have been washed, and that, as the geological formation, of the whole of the New England district in New South Wales resembles closely that of the district of the Baggage Manes in Brazil, it will sooner or later be found to yield diamonds in paying quantities. Of Queensland he prophesies that anoth? er diamond-field will be found, either on the Palmer river or its affluents, where some very remarkable and rich gold mines have lately been recovered; or on the Gilbert river and its affluents, and in the country extending to the Gulf of Carpentaria?that pitiless country, which has witnessed so much heroic effort and >terfible Suffering. 3 ft The Indian Princes and noTJles are greedy of diamonds beyond all people, and there is but one country in the world in which any product of nature is held more precious than this wonderful com? bustible gem, whose nature, indeed, we know, but whose genesis is still a moot question >for science. The country is Burmah, the land of the White Ele? phant, where THE FINEST RURIE8 (i -j < ?<.- . sheltered in the earth's breast are found, . and are rated far above diamonds. As the King of Siam prizes his cats, so the King of Burmah prizes the rubies ^>f-his country, jealously prohibiting the export of them, so that the beautiful aluminous stones?which glow with a clearer and richer color when they are exposed to fire in which the diamond would be con? sumed and disappear?can only be pro? cured by stealth or feyjjr of private indi? viduals. No European has ever been permitted to see the King's 'wonderful ruby, "the size of a pigeon's egg, and of extraordinary quality;" and the sals of the two magnificent rubies which were brought fto- {England, in 1875-rtbe finest everjsnown in Europe?caused such ex? citement that a military guard had to escort the persons conveying the package to the ship. Five days'journey southeast of Ava lies the home of the blood-red gems, the jealous earth in which the peo? ple behove that they ripen becoming from their original colorlessness, yellow, green, blue, and, last of all, the matchless ruby red. Next to these rank the rubies which are found in the Tartar wilds of Badaks han, and which the people there believe are always found in pairs. "When one of the seekers has discovered one, he will frequently hide it until its mate is found," Jlr. StreeterJcnows.of only_one.specinien of a TEED DIAMOND;- J rj which is like a gem "of fire, autf passed from his hands into the possession of a Sreat connoisseur last year. "The red iamond," wrote Sir Thomas Nichols in 1651, "is prized according to the glorious beauty of its perfection. It feeds your eyes with much pleasure of beholding, and hence are'discovered to us the ex? cellence of super-celestial things." There is something fascinating to the imagination in the experiments which have been tried on diamonds in order to wrest the secret of their nature and their formation from them. One cannot read without a feeling of suspense how. .the Accademia de Cimento, in the year 1694. induced -by* Cosmo. Ill, fixed* a^di^ona in the focusof a great burning-glass, and watched it, dismayed, as it cracked, co? ruscated, and disappeared; and how the experiment was frequently repeated until Lavoisier (he whom Fouquier Tinville declared to be unnecessary to the repub? lic) proved that diamonds burn just the same as comoion-coak, if-oxygen-be-net shut out, because they are. pure carbon and combine with oxygen. How- silent and how still one^would havOj stood to watch Cayton dc Morveau at his work, when he CONSUMED A DIAMOND IN OXYGEN by means of the burning-glass: "First, he saw that on the corner of the diamond which was in the exact focus of the lens a black point; then the diamond became black and carbonized. A moment after he saw clearly a bright spark, twinkling on the dark ground; and when the light was interrupted tbe diamond was red-hot and transparent. A cloud, and the dia? mond was more beautifully white than at first; but as the sun again shone forth in its full strength the surface assumed a mctalic luster. Up to this point the dia? mond had sensibly decreased in bulk, not being more than a fourth of its original size; of elongated form, without definite angels; intensely white, and beautifully transparent. The experiment was sus? pended for a day or two, when, on its re? sumption, the same phenomena occurred, but in a more marked degree; subse? quently the diamond entirely disappear? ed"?like Macbeth'? witches, making itself?air! PARTY PROSPECTS. The Situation In Washington. From a Stoff Cbrraporideni of Philadelphia Times. * Washington, October 19. If there is a matter of surprise to the average observer of the political situa? tion, so far as developed by the proceed? ings in and out of Congress during the first week of the extra session, it is that there Is so little change In the relative position of parties. Great things have happened in six months. The political complexion of the country has been modified, if not radically changed, by the events of a Spring and Summer. Mili? tary governments are a thing of the past. Civil service reform has had a spasmodic quiver of vitality. The office holding class has been estranged from an Admin? istration that is its creature. The South? ern people have entered into new and friendly relations with the Federal Gov? ernment. The negro, once a large figure, has become a mere cypher in politics. A. great Republican State, the mother of the Republican President, has thrown herself into the arms of the Democracy, and another is about to follow her exam? ple.. Let the eye fall where it may, ex? cept in Washington, and it falls upon a spectacle of political demoralization. Storm clouds darken the sky, and none dare say wben or where they will burst. But here there is no change perceptible on a cursory glance. There are the same serried lines "of Republicans on the one side and Democrats on the other. There may be disaffection, but there has been no desertion. It is natural that many should say; as they do, that after all there is more wind than rain,-VaMvt?'at it won't be very much of a shower. % a But the temple of tranquility is in fact a whited sepulchre. Within is rotten? ness and dead men's bones. One has only to mingle freely with prominent Re? publicans to learn that the party Is not only in a bad ,way, but that it is in a most critical condition. Everywhere there is,disappointment, discontent and despondence. I have not yet seen a man, however long-headed or far-sighted, who thinks he sees the way out. The very uncertainty of the issue keeps tbem securely within party lines for the pres? ent, but the accompanying vague fear will make the confusion greater when a break takes place. Let one or two men of influence in the Senate, for instance, take a bold stand in favor of justice to the State of Louisiana, which has so long been denied her Senatorial rights, and the conflict will begin. When it does begin, sooner or later, there will be a scramble, not for the honor of leading a charge against the old time.enemy, but a race to see which .shall first get into the enemy's camp. At present the disposi? tion is to sacrifice anything, to swallow anything rather than get into a fight with the Administration, for all fear the re? sult, and every man in Congress, who has a following, would rather have some one else declare war. Can we get along with? out the Administration ? is the question that some Republican Senators are ask? ing themselves over and over again. Can we afford to divide the Republican party ? is the query of White House and Cabinet, and so the day of battle is post? poned, while the Democrats, incongruous as they are, stand united and smilingly await the fullness of time wben the Lord will deliver the enemy into their- hands. For just now the Democratic policy is one of patient waiting. They nave not always been wise and rarely virtuous as a party, but of late the fates that have so often frowned upon tbem have fought on their side. In the past few months naught but grist has been brought to their mill. They elevate their standard where they will and recruits flock to it for want of a better one. Disgust at the bloody shirt, a sense of injustice in view of the defeat of the popular will by the installation of Mr. Hayes, the wrath of placemen whose wings have been clipped, the agitation of the labor ques? tion, distrust of the present financial sys? tem, the prevailing depression of busi? ness, and even the zeal of the stalwart Republicans who still battle against the solid South?all these are so many recruit? ing offices for the Democratic party. They have carried Ohio with a slip-shod candidate; they will carry Pennsylvania with a rotten platform, and New York with a load that would crush the party at almost any other time. With such sur? roundings and such prospects it would be like the Democracy to some great mis? take. Will they do it? I think not? for- a while at least. The star of the Bourbon is no longer in the ascent. The restraining influence, is found where it might least be expected. In time all Radicals become Conservatives, and then Conservatives become Radicals. The South has learned the folly of Bourbon ism - in the school of adversity.; Her shoulders still ache with' the stripes of war and reconstruction. Ben Hill, Aleck Stephens, L. Q. C. Lamar, Wade Hampton, General Morgan and John Goode will not consent that the party shall justify the predictions of the proph? ets of evil. They and those whom they represent will have no share in a cam Eaign against;the man who has taken the ayonet from the throat of Louisiana. They have plead that the dead past might bury'-its dead, and now that the burial is accomplished they do not care to dig up the remains for sensational purposes. It is impossible to be here long without seeing the wholesome influ? ence of this conservatism, that is the more potent because it is the offspring of gratitude. Bayard and Thurman are ex? ponents of the same policy in the North, and Randall, in his speech the other day, put, the. thing in a nutshell. The actual administration is to be obeyed, a repeti? tion, of gross wrongs is to be prevented by legislation,.retrenchment.and reform age the imperatij^^requirements of the hour. This .is-^b^fcArift of sentiment among the better ?lai?s^of Djemocrats.-r. The opportunity of the Administration would, seem Jto lie in a non-partisan dis? charge ofcthe Executive functions. Al? though Mr. Hayes can have no future in politics, he has only to .convince the peo? ple of-his sincerity in order to secure the sympathy and support of the better ele? ments of both parties. But a week at Washington confirms the impression that he is making little headway in the de? sired direction. All accounts agree that he. is not as.strong before the people to? day as he was three months ago. There are able men on the floor of the Senate and in the House who would strip off their coats and fight for him with a will, if they had the assurance that the Presi? dent would not leave them in the lurch. But the assurance is not forthcoming. Still the. President compromises with party and stuffs us with platitudes. What can be said of his civil service re? form when the New Orleans, Philadel? phia and New York Custom Houses are so convenient for illustration, and all the world knows the story of the abortive at? tempt to carry the Ohio election ? "The President may mean business, but be doesn't act like it," says one kindly-dis? posed Congressman. "He is weakening every day; he dare not directly affront Conkling," says another. "He is feeling his way back into the party," says a third. Only the voice of the grateful South is raised in his defeuse when he might have the Whole country at his back and politicians everywhere at his mercy. It is too late to save his party, and soon it will be two late to vindicate his own sincerity. This is the way some of the soundest minds ct Washington are looking at the presenf situation. A PREHISTORIC GOAT. An Anir al that Lives on Men and Min? erals. It is not every" otie who Is able to dis? cover a really meritorious monster. The majority of persons who eneage in this business either dicover a gi. ?.t deal too much or not half enough. It is painful to see discoveries that might otherwise be very successful, marred by a lack of self-restraint on the part of the discov? erers. Take, for example, the recent monster discovered in the Mississippi. Had the person who first saw this com? plicated beast been contented to make it an enormous lizard, and to exhibit it as the sole survivor of the megalosauriaus, he would have deserved respectful atten? tion ; but he was so unwise as to give it the beak of a bird, the bead of a bull, and a body composed of half a dozen other animals, thus bringing his mon? ster into incredulous contempt. On the other hand, the poverty of imagination shown by the man who has just discov? ered a second Cardiff giant is equally dis? creditable. Originality, combined with judicious self-restraint, is the quality that makes a successful discoverer, and it is humiliating to be obliged to confess that these qualities are extremely rare. Mr. Henry Woodard, of the Indian Territc y, has just discovered a fossil which reflects great credit upon him. He was digging in a marshy place, when his spade struck a large bone. Further search proved that this bone was a gigan? tic skull, and that it belonged to an ani? mal of enormous size. Mr. Woodard excavated thirty feet of this novel ani? mal, and when he ceased digging he had only reached the locality of its' stomach, so that its entire length must be at least fifty feet. He found that the beasts teeth were of the kind known among dentists as carnivorous teeth thus show? ing that the monster when living was accustomed to eat meat. In the cavity of the stomach he found to entire skele? ton of a man, together with one hundred and ten flint arrow points and fifteen flint knives. A more meritorious animal has seldom if ever been exhumed. It is said of M. Cuvier the eminent bone expert, that if any one showed him an entire animal he could take it apart and count all the bones without the aid of a slate and pencil. This anecdote proves at once Cu vier's stupendous learn? ing and the wonderful accuracy of science. If we study the bones and oth? er things exhumed by Mr. Woodard in the light of scientific principles we shall be able to form all sorts of conclusions in regard to the nature of the animal. And first, we learn from the great size of the skeleton that the animal was,a, large one. It had teeth, and hence it was not a bird, and the fact that it had four legs, also points to the same conclusion. The pat? tern of its teeth shows that it was car? nivorous, while the presence of flint arrow points in the stomach, show that it was also minerali vorous. Thus we find at an early stage of the investigation, that Mr: Woodard's monster was a large meat and fire-eating quadruped. The contents of the stomach also give us an insight into its habits. There is no animal now living which eats miner? als and meats indiscriminately, and we may assume that it is highly improbable that such was the habit of Mr. Woodard's beast. As its stomach contained over three hundred flints and only one human being, it is evident that it greatly pre? ferred flints as a steady diet. In all pro? bability, the beast made its way into the bouse of a prehistoric man, and was in the act of devouring his entire stock of flint weapons when the man appeared and tried to save his property. In order to avoid an argument, the beast doubt? less swallowed the man, and then took a few mouthfuls of flint knives, just by way of a relish. While it thus appears that the animal could eat human beings, it is also plain that its natural diet was arrow-heads and jack-knives; and the fact that its favorite food was manufac? tured by human hands shows that the beast must have lived in close proximity I to man, if not upon terms of intimacy I with him. Thus we deduce from the contents of its stomach the proof that it was a domesticated or semi-domesticated arimal, living chiefly upon flints. We are now in a position to decide I that Mr. Woodard's animal was a gigan? tic goat. The modern goat is the only domesticated quadruped that can eat both minerals and meats, and whose fa? vorite food is jack-knives and other hard and manufactured substances. Doubt? less Mr. Woodard's fossil goat differed in other respects besides its size from the goats of the present period; but that it was a true goat the presence of three hundred and two flint arrow heads and fifteen flint jack-knives in its stom? ach clearly attests. It is highly proba? ble that its great size was, in a large measure, due to a free and abundant diet of flint. I The Per Dicin Question. The Walhalla Keowee Courier, in urg? ing measures of economy upon the Leg? islature, revives the per diem question as follows: We would like to see the pay of the Legislature reduced to ante war figures, and see men go to the Legislature from motives of patriotism. It may be said that officers cannot live at the ante war fees and salaries, but this is not true. They can live and prosper at them, and there will be no dearth of competent men to serve the State and all the counties. In 1859, when we applied for the bar, we Eaid for twelve days' board at Hunt's otel, $30, being at the rate of $2.50 per day. Members of the Legislature then Said $2 per day, and received $3 per day. rood board at hotels in Columbia can now be had, fires and lights included, by the week, at ?10,.and at private bouses at $7 to $8, varying by the day at from $1 to $1.43 per day. Legislators can, there? fore, better afford to serve now at $3 than they could before the war. During the Perry Legislature, members received $5 per day, and board at hotels was $4 per day, and at private houses from $3 to $3.50. As to the salaries and fees of other offi? cers, there is no reason why they should not be put as low as before the war. The prices of all necessary articles of clothing, provisions, &c., are lower than before the war, coffee excepted. Calico is much lower; sheetings, shirtings and all cotton goods are lower. There is no reason for extravagant fees and salaries, unless it be desired to keep the people poor. Let the Legislature, then, abolish all useless offices, and next to that reduce the pay of all officers to a sum commensurate with their services. The people are dis? tressingly poor, and their impoverished condition imperatively demands economy and reform in every branch of the gov? ernment. Something' About Insects. An old friend of mine, an enthusiastic philo-apiarian, told me that being at a friend's house one dry summer, when all the field flowers were nearly scorched up, he saw thousands of bees busy in a field of clover then in bloom. "I wish my bees were here," said my friend. "Probably they are," replied the gen? tleman. "What, at forty miles, distance?" "Yes," said his friend. "On your re? turn home dredge the backs of your bees with flour as they issue from the hives in the morning, and we shall see." This was done, and his friend wrote to him directly: "There are plenty of your white jacket bees here in the clover. But whatever is the fact with bees, ants follow their noses much more than their eyes. In my garden I saw a train of ants ascending an apple tree; go up by one tract, and descend bv another. As in as? cending they passed between two small shoots that sprung from the bole, I stopped their passage with & piece of bark. The ants did not see this obstruc? tion with their eyes, but ran bump against It, and stood still, astonished. Soon a crowd of them had thus been sud? denly stopped, and were anxiously search? ing about for a passage. By various suc? cessive starts forward, they eventually got around the obstruction and reached the track on the other side. The line of scent was renewed, and thenceforward, on arriving at the barricade, they went, without a moment's hesitation, by the circular track. I then took my penknife and pared a way a piece of the outer bark on the open bole where the ants were de? scending. The effect was the same. The scent being taken away, the ants came to a dead'stand, and there was the same confounded' crowd, and the same spasmodic attempts to regain the road, which being effected in the same way, the scent was carried over the shaven part of the bark, and, the train ran on as freely as before.?Si. Nicholas. What Agriculture Does.?Without agriculture there is uo wealth. Gold aud silver are not wealth?they are its con? venient representatives; commerce pro? duces no wealth?it simply exchanges it; manufacture and the arts combine it. Agriculture is the prolific mother of wealth?the rest simply handle it when produced and delivered into their hands. The earth breeds savages. Agricul? ture breeds enlightened nations; it breeds houses and ships, temples and seminaries; it breeds the manufactory; sculpture, painting and music are its off? spring. The wheels of the work-shops, the sails of commerce, the implements of science, the pen of genius, the pencil and chisel of the artist, the eloquent tongue of the orator, the scheming brain of the statesman, the equipages of wealth,-the banquetings of pleasure?all that renders earth in its tides of life anything but a reat sepulchre, move and have power of eing, because the fields yield their fruits to the patient toil of the husbandman. We might manage to live without mer? chants, wi th out mari ners, wi thou t orators, without poets; perhaps we might sur? vive the loss of demagogues?but sure I am we could not live without plowmen. The state of husbandry in any country is the best test of its enlightenment. The thermometer of civilization rises or falls as drives the plow. "You must send the plow," exclaimed a man who had trav? eled all over Christian missionary ground, "in heathen lands; a barbarian, nation needs but to be plowed up deep, sub soiled, planted, and the inevitable har? vest will bean enlightened nation."-? Ex. _ Why Blind the Horse??We never could see what vice or 'deformity lay in a horse's eye that should make it necessary to cover it up and shutout its owner from at least two-thirds of his rightful vision. The theory that a horse is less apt to be frightened when shut out from every? thing behind him, we suspect to be a fallacy, else saddle horses and war horses would be duly blinded. Every horse is as familiar with his own carriage as with his own tail, and, so far as his "personal" fortitude is concerned; is no more dis turbed at being pursued > by one than an? other. As for other scare-crows that come behind, they are most familiar to the animal, and the more fully the horse can perceive them the more quietly does he submit to their approach. Then it is a pity to cover up one of the most bril? liant features of this most brilliant crea? ture. The horse has borne such a "hand in the civilization of this rough-and tumble world that it seems not so much a cruelty as a discourtesy, as well as a disgrace, to hide his form with embar? rassing toggery. No wonder we estimate the force in the world as horse power; no wonder the Romans and Germans, each in their own language, designated their aristocracy as riders; no wonder; their descendants made chivalry a syno? nym for their highest virtues. Let the horse be given his due, and unblinded.? English Journal. The Great Wall of China.?The great wall of China was measured in j many places by Mr. Unthank, an Amer? ican engineer, lately engaged on a survey for a Chinese railway. His measure? ments give the height at eighteen feet Every few hundred yards there is a tower twenty-four feet'square, ar/d from twenty to twenty-five feet high.. The foundation of the wall is of solid granite. Mr. Un? thank brought with him a brick from the wall, which is supposed to have been made 200 years before the time of Christ. In building this immense stone fence to keep out the Tartars, the builders never attempted to avoid mountains or chasms to save expense. For 1,300 miles the wall goes over plain and mountain, and every foot of the foundation is in solid granite, and the rest of the structure solid masonry. In some places -the wall is built smooth up against the bank, or canons, or precipices, where there is a sheer descent of1,000 feet. Small streams are arched over, but in the larger streams the wall runs .to the water's edge, and a tower is built on each side. On the top of the wall there are breastworks, or de? fences, facing in and out, so the defend? ing force can pass from one tower to an? other without being exposed to an enemy from either side. To calculate the time of building or cost of this wall, is beyond human skill. So far as the magnitude of the work is concerned, it surpasses every? thing in ancient or modern times of which there is any trace. The pyramids of Egypt are nothing compared with it ?London News. ? Augustus G. Bartlett, who is white, brought a suit in Chicago for divorce from his wife, who is black. They had been married two years, and had lived together peaceably; but he had gradually grown tired of the notoriety that the con? trast in color gave them. His accusa? tions against her, however, were I'm ml to be groundless, and the case was decided against him. ? The amount of sugar con-utued in the United States last year v;.s ;:18,369 tons, of which 561,369 tons were import? ed, and only 77,000 were ol dum atic production?nearly eight times as much foreign as domestic. LEGAL ADVERTISING,-We are compelled, lo require cash payments for advertising ordered by Executors, Administrators and other fiduciaries, and herewith append the rates for the ordlntry notices, which will only'he inserted whan the money comes with the order: Citations, two insertions, - . -. - , - $!,00 Estate Notices, three Insertions, - 2.00 --FinarScUlemenr.<,*flTrifBeTTJo^^ -~?00 TO CORRESPONDENTS.?In order to recetve attention, communications must be accompanied by the true name and address of the writer. Re? jected manuscripts will not be returned, unless tbe necessary stamps are furnished to repay tbe postage thereon. 49" We are not responsible for the views and opinions of our correspondents. All communications should be addressed to "Ed? itors Intelligencer," and all checks, drafts, money orders, Ac, should be made parable to the or!er of E. B. MUBRAY & CO.. Anderson, S. C. General News Summary. ? Since the recent great earthquakes on the Pacific coast of South America the province of Catamarea, in the ?vei? tern part of the Argentine Republic, has become gradually submerged, and the great lake formed there is continually enlarging. ? The latest New York horror is thu discovery of the mutilated corpse of an unknown and beautiful girl in the Cen? tral Park lake. The body was elegantly dressed, and the victim of the shocking murder was evidently a young lady of refinement and culture, as well as strik? ing beauty. ? An Eastern Massachusetts paper says there has never been in that section of tbe State so general an indifference to political matters as now. And a Phila? delphia paper says it has never known an election campaign in that city wherein so much indifference apparently existed as at present. ? The obelisk which is to be removed from Egypt and set up in Chatham Square, New York, once stood before the temple at Helipolis, where Moses sat a tbe feet of Gamaliel and became like his fellow-students, Agrippa and Festus, learned in tbe law and wisdom of the Aztecs. The site chosen is, therefore, re? markably appropriate. ? During the last ten years nearly a million of acres in Great Britain, former? ly under grain crops, have been con? verted into pasture, meat having become so paying an article to raise; but in the last board of trade report it is remarked that this conversion of arable land into pasture has received a check as a result of the large importation of. .American meat. . . , ? It was remarked not long since by Mr. Gladstone that the distinctive dress of the clergy, which fifty years ago had but all died out, 'was revived by what was known as "the Oxford movement" of the leaders of the Tractarion party, and it is a curious circumstance that the dress which twenty-five years ago would have been deemed the badge of very ex? treme Puseyism is now worn even by evangelical curates. ??King Ludwig, of Bavaria, is report? ed to have at his summer residence a lit? tle boat covered with mother-of-pearl, built in the shape of a nautilus shell, and large enough for two persons. It is lined with scarlet velvet,. and the row? locks are of coral. Another whim of bis is to have in bis garden a kiosque, so ar? ranged with ingenious candelabra as to cause, when lighted, a reflection of stars and moons on the ceiling. ?- There is a prisoner in the Iowa Pen? itentiary, Graham by name, though he calls himself "General Deathbell, who in 1860 was sent up for twenty years on a charge of criminal' assault, the wit? nesses against him being his wife and an? other .woman. The,, wife subsequently Confessed:that she had sworn falsely and bis daughter that he had been wrong? fully accused, bdt no steps have been taken towards establishing his innocence or securing his release. He is now a man of fifty-three, paralyzed and of weak mind. If he had been a Republican State Treasurer. he would never have been seet up. ... . ? , ? The new lance, recently , adopted in the .Austrian service, after a long series of experiments with weapons of the Cos? sack and Prussian patterns, is nine feet one inch in length. The point is made of Bessamer steel, its length being slight? ly over seven inches, and the butt is shod with the- same' metal.. Two long bands of iron attach the head to the staff, and a leather strap, for the arm of the man car? rying it to pass through, is fixed to this latter at. about four feet from its lower extremity. .The total weight of the weapon is four pounds. Before the end of the year all the lancer regiments in the Austrian army are to be armed with the new weapon. ? The Paris- Universal Exhibition Building for the exhibition of 1878, is being pushed rapidly to completion by the French Government, and already has a grand appearance. The Great Hall is completed up to the springing of the iron roof trusses, and more than three-quarters of the iron and glass roofing over the in* dustrial galleries on the Champ de Mars has been completed. In the centre of the building is a wide open air avenue, in which will be placed the fine art gal? leries. It was at first thought that there would be no necessity for annexes, but the idea has been given up and the Champ de Mars will,be. more crowded with supplementary buildings than it was in 1867. Half of the space of the Grand Vestibule will be used for the ex? hibition of the presents received by the Prince of Wales during his visit to India. ? The skeleton of a monster, unknown to naturalists, containing the remains^ of a human being, was found in the Indian Territory not long since. Only a few of the bones have been unearthed, but they are said to be the largest animal remains ever discovered. Three of the front ribs measure each eight feet in length, while some of the teeth, which are of the car? nivorous order, weigh eight pounds apiece. The human skeleton was in - such a position as to indicate that the man had been swallowed by the animal, while the bones of the right side had been broken, apparently by force. The shape of the cranium showed that the skeleton was that of an Indian, and 102 flint arrow-heads and 15 flint knives lay by its side. The bones show that they have been buried for an immense period, as they crumble rapidly when exposed to the air. . ?We think there is a good deal of statesmanship, as well of military zeal, in Grand Duke Nicholas's assurance that neither England nor Germany will inter? pose to prevent the Russians going to Constantinople, as the Germans went to Paris?to evacuate it again. No people in the world need the educating influ? ence of a visible defeat, and.a visible abandonment to it, so much as the Turks. Their pride is only equaled by their ig? norance. They think themselves invin? cible, England their' vassal, and Chris? tians generally their inferiors. It would be the best thing for the peace of Europe, the relief of the Christian provinces, and the reformation of the Turkish govern? ment, if the war could go on until the Russian armies penetrated to the sacred city, and the Cossacks drew rein around the mosque of St. Sophia. . It would take the nonsense out of the Moslem, as the German occupation of Paris did out of tbe Frenchmen of the second empire. It was not a mere rhetorical turn of the argument of which Gladstone availed himself the other day. when he converted the,.Turkish boast that Constantinople had never, heeo. reached by the invader into a reproach. Yes, said he, every other capital in Europe has been lost by desperate valor, but Turkey makes peace before Constantinople is reached. Other peoples, he might have added, have learned something from the presence of the foe within; their gates, but Turkey has never reached the point of instruc? tion. Europe has interposed too often in her behalf. 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