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BY HOYT & CO. ANDERSON, S. C, THURSDAY, AUGUST 24, 1876. VOL. XII-NO. 6. 1 ' fck?fe?Yi>.F Sff?icBIPrioN.-Tvo Dollars per annum, and One Dollar for six months. . ? Subscriptions are not taken for a less period than six months. liberal deductions made to clubs of ten or more subscribers. RATES OF ADVERTISING.-One Dollar per square, ol one inch for the first insertion, and Fifty Cents per square for subsequent insertions less than j three months. No advertisement counted less than a square. ?Liberal contracts will be made withthose wishing toadrertiseforthree.sixor twelve months. ,Ad?' vertlsing by contract must be confined to the im? mediate business of the firm or individual contrac? ting. Obituary Notices exceeding fire lines, Tributes ?? Respect, and all personal communications or ? matters- of individual interest, frill be charged for atadv^rUsing rates. Announcements of marriages 'irad deaths, and notices of a religious character, are .aespectrully solicited,; and will be inserted gratis. -si-1 ' " ??3 DUR CENTENNIAL LETTER. A RAjueble Among the Knights of St. ? ,Cbib?if^Tai>K8 irna the Tanners ? .?: ?Nothing like Leather?Cinder-? Bella's ' Slipper and the Seven Leagued Boots. . i r. -.TTT:.: i\V, " V . Special Cbrrttpoitdenee oj the Anderto? Intelligencer, Philadelphia, August 18, 1876. . > ? Grace., logger??' 'Now, your tanner, sir, will last yousome nine years." ? Haa4ft-r"W}iy he more, than another?" ,| ? Grace Digger?;VWhy, sir, his hide is so*; ,'; banned with his busiuqss,. that it keeps out, water along time," and .your water is a I ?' sore destroyer of ybur.whorspn '?ead-b?jdy. ' Mu "? ,-Shakbspeabk. '1 WhOj.the ?first. tauneriwas, has'neve^J -? i.been definitely settled, but with all due "deference to those wrjetee:historical~re /i!,sehrc^e^^!a??e. their;opinions tq. weight, j . I would respectfully suggest the name of] Adam. I do not mean to assert that he &nned'l&Chef: breeches^ /or his ?ffspring, I Cain; a^d'#ble, but.ttierfj' is every jeasori, , to suppose $hat, like more. mpdern. .par-, t-nts, he tanned the place which the. ? j 'breeches'1 Was' intended to : cover," anict vhether .he' used1 oak, heni lock' or .birch: in the operation is a matter of no partic-, lishment ?oi"'tier--iaWfciHtial historical' fact. Since; bis day, the business has ,/ very /h^erikHyimpipved, tytve.no, t oubt: Adam- wou'd he-exceedingly a&ton- ? iahed and gratified if he "could step into i tue shoe andr leather exhibit attheCen-j1 tennial Exh^r^^S^-observe the vast j advances" that have "been -made ijh/this . useful branch .of manufactures. Fig -' leaves 'may have served a very excellent purpose in a climate where the thermom? eter rarely fells below sixty, but in'lands where the keen, ^iting blast will take the hair off of,a' dog's back, it is evident that' ladies or gentlemen hunting' h'ii^kl^er-i',' rias or polar bears would need something ? motfe substantial. 'So, naturally, after fig leaves grew unfashionable, the skins' j of animals became the favorite covering ofmUAa ?oi tto ? I can imagine - that' the young1 gerjtle- j '; man, tore tihe reeking .pelt' &om\heJ back of a Megat beraum, must have found it rather an . unsavory dressing-gown in- j the course ot two or three weeks, though-' it is nevertheless, true that, he might have]' combhror iri a vsmgle* garment the de-'; firts of a Mackina<v blanket. To people of delicate organization, it must become 1 a necessary and useful accomplishment. ?not that I consider the boqaet of a t-jiyard superior to the attar roses, and candor compels me to say that tnere are - iiitirry smells that 'are to me m?ch-more | agreeable and refreshing; but I find the iitclinatio'n' to fandet off in the .regions,'! of classic-research and philosophic spec? ulator^ getting the better of my discre-. toon.'.. So 3C.repres8 it at once and quietly ' J address myself to my muttons. In any other situation the shoe and leather' f- buying ^o^r| bpfjpppi^eqed an bjnneose ?'c^mery^?a^^def^&se '^a^ovf it stands, "ft u 8r4'?eef^Dng' by 160feet widel This exhibit1 is peculiar to itself ?leather Iffiere is ahd.pjienry.?f it ii^.the Main Hall. EDgiand and all of her col-, ohies exhibit it. Yon see it frdiif Africa,-1 Australia, and .every portion of bier do? minions. Every kind of pelt from the' skin of a kangaroo to the hjde of a hip? popotamus, but nowhere do you get the same jdea, of. the.possibiUties of the tan? ner's art thatyoo'd.o' in tne buiraing ex the east door, at the post of nonor, I, '.raigbt^say on, the. right :?jfj$e'l$ll' is placed the exhibit of Russia, and surely" | no. nation that ever used, tan bark was. better qualified to-stand the-ordeal. We do 3ome pretty good tanning in America, and we; torn out some very nice leather, but if you waut a pair of boots that you desire to leave as an heiripom to your great grandson, go to St. Petersburg or Mcscow,?j'.'Tliere. a man/ invests three or four roubles for a pair of boots when he becomes of age, and tbe backs of them are used asjunges for hhv coffin when he dies beh*?en. seventy jriod eighty. The first case-is of highly".ornamental boots, of all the cdlorft: of" ffa6 rainbow, and wttPty shoes;; bespaqgretf in silver and goic-, intended, .no doubt, for some Rus? sian Cindernlla; but as you go back things look more solid, and there you find calf and kid and hull hide in abun? dance, and seven-leagued boots that would teach to your-ueck, which were made on honor, and were intended to last forever. Tue leather has a look of square honesty Sbout it that .seems to say: "Paj^for me'I what price y?f. will, and you'll bgaure to get your money's worth!" jIn.onia"ca?e hi feplendid lot of gloVe kids, ti^eTVery1 finest specimens of these goods everseen t?- America. "No mere .descriptfon^ cam convey a correct idea: of the extreme finer; ess and-exquisite finish of thesejrare ^tn?, whicb-zare put on exbibifion by Sowkm, of Moscow. !* Wilson an? Walk? er, of Leeds; have also a very fine exhibit, the combination of colors and artistic axningement being unsurpassed. v . A little distance ?ff it is difficult to believe that the goods are not the finest satin, the illusion perfect, but to be fully appreciated the goods must he seen. Against the^wall on the'south side of the building hang ponderous hides of sole leather from "every portion of the Union, fine specimens of good, honest oak tan? ning they are, which would reflect honor on any country, and I trust will be of substantial service to our own. Newark, N. J., is perhaps the largest exhibitor in sole-leather, and a foreigner on a super? ficial examination might be led to be lieVe that it monopolized the sole-leather business} of the .United^States.- -Getting again toward, the .jnkJdJe of ..the* hall we are ii: the realm of fancy gaiters and ornamental shoes, suggestive of wedding favors. Strauss and the lancers, and the grandest of opera nights. No one going down to hear Moody and Sanky, ever put on such gaiters as these. No, sir, they are! not that kind of hairpin, they know more about Offenbach and Gounod than they do. about "Hold the Fort," or "Ninety-and-Nine." I never look at ?these' cases of dainty shoes' font I always think of a feriiale relation of mine whose foot was fourteen, and she would insist on trying on a number eleven and a half. These things are beautiful to look at, that h! if a fellow has no wife or daugh? ters. ' Sixteen dollars a pair, and dog cheap at that; still, as a nation we are wealthy, so blow the expense. I think there is something exquisitely fine in the idea of putting the heel of a lady's shoe about the middle of the. sole of the foot; ;in fact, I have long labored under the impression that that was a mistake in our pedal extremities, and that the toes should be cut off and sewed on behind;. the manufacture of shoes in the latest fashion assures me that I am correct. Jacob Zain, of Philadelphia, has some very fine boots and shoes, which, for style and finish, are certainly worthy of all praisb. Here, too, are contrivances for keeping shoes from wearing out, which I respectfully commend to the attention of all fathers of families. Here are Singer machines that will go through sole-leath? er half an inch thick as easy as a cam? bric needle wilt go, through a 'thousand dollar pocket-handkerchief. The Knight of St. Crispin is no longer distinguished "by his hramm'er and lapstone-^-soles are now cut' gut-by a single impression of the die, and are made more effectually solid in a pair of rollers than a cobbler could' hammer them in a week. Not the . least interesting portion of this exhibit is the display of India rub? ber goods, which have been also con? signed to this building. I" have before me while T write, a specimen of Gossam? er water-proof, by the Goodyear Compa? ny, which it seems to me impossible to excel. The texture is as fine as silk, and' the quality of goods as tough as India .rubber.. It is fashioned into 'various elegant garments and may well be regar? ded as one of the greatest of modem boohs to our domestic life. I never look on these goods but I think of the strug? gles of poor Goodyear, how he pawned the beds and pillows, and broke up the chairs and tables in his experiments, and then after success came, now he fought infringers on his patent, and died with' out realizing' a tythe of the' Interest which his magnificent discovery deserved. A most'important matter to visitors, to the Centennial is how to reach Philadelphia in the most comfortable and expeditious manner.' While, of course, circumstan? ces may frequently have a governing in? fluence in the selection the traveler may make. Such as making appointments with friends and the route fixed by ex? cursion tickets, all things, being equal, I should unhesitatingly''say come by the new Hue, via Bound Brook; the cars are all'new, the officials polite, and attentive, and it is especially, desirable for.ladies travelling' without i -a male attendant. The' route is almost free from dust, and the scenery among the most delightful' that New Jersey and Pennsylvania af? ford.' And now a word on the ceding regatta, which is anxiously looked forward to by1 all classes as one of the great events of this Centennial year. It is not a mere matter of muscle and brawn of skill and; endurance,' but a sort of- world's test of national pluck and bottom, which settles; t^e'worJcVs status- of the winning crew, for some years, at least. Now, when it is considered /that supremacy in these contests is only earned by thfe mostun-.. remitting industry, by chastity, temper? ance and the practice of all the virtues,' And the abandonment of all the vices, it! will be seen 'of how much value it is to our youth to,be taught that the grand, successes of life can only be purchased i by patient industry, and that temperance and chastity are imperative' Upon..those who would reach the noblest goal.? These Britons are hardy men, bent on winning, if winning is possible. I have seen them at work ; and of this I can assure you, if they don't carry the Cen? tennial cup across'the big pond it won't betheir'ftuli." ; m.lTHrt?Un Tours truly, , BROADBRIM. Dust Baths fop. Poultry.?Cleanli? ness is important in fowl-houses, for ex? perience shows that poultry are unfavor? ably affected by the emanations from filthy quarters, and, besides working in places where roosts and floors are covered with the droppings, is decidedly unpleas? ant. Dry earth, in the form of powder, .scattered every where, will absorb the bad odors, giving a wholesome atmos? phere to the hen-house, and at the same time preserve the manure in the least offensive condition. . Besides - the purpo ses, a box of dry earth - should be in a convenient corner of every fowl-house for the fowls- to - roll in. Dust from the highway is the most convenient. How to Keep Worms Out of Dried Fruit.?The following recipe is said to be a sure remedy for preserving dried fruit from destruction by worms: When it is stored after drying, put between every half bushel of it a large handful of bark and sassafras, and strew a liberal supply on top. We will insure that the worms will not trouble it. ? Some of the Cape Cod fishermen believe Ben Butler had a hand in the creation of the universe! We don't be? lieve as the Gape Cod men do. After the job was done none of the tools were missing. That's proof Ben wasn't there. ' ? An old negro was paid his wages in silver half dollars. He gazed benignly upon them as they lay in his palm, grinned as though in triumph, and then exclaimed: "Dat's-de stuff de rats can't chew I" ? "Your nose looks like the last rose of summer," said one toper to another. "Well," savri toper two, pointing at his companion's inflamed nasal organ, "it ain't left blooming alone, anyhow." ? The idea that women are akin to the angles loses its force after a man has seen a party of six of the seraphic beings engaged in rapidly enfolding a dish of baked beans. ? Old folks say plant turnip seed in the dark of the moon. THE TRUTH ABOUT HAMBURG. Ample Truth of toe Lawlessness of the Black Soldiery. Special Correspondence of the News and Courier. Aiken, S. 0:, August 10. In accordance with agreement of the counsel in the Hamburg case, Judge John J. Maher held court here this morning at chambers for the purpose of receiving the surrender of the white citizens charged by the coroner's jury with the murder of the negroes in the disturbance at Ham? burg on July 8th; last, and to hear their, applications for bail. The accused be? long to the best classes of society,-and the charge, as made, touches the reputa? tion of the people of this section as law abiding citizens. Heretofore, they have been subjected to harsh strictures through? out the country, based ex necessitate raj upon one-sided testimony, and a burden of unfavorable criticism has fallen upon them which, for the first time to-day, it has been permitted them to meet and rebut To-day they have been able to' speak out, through the solemnity of a court of justice, and present by counter Affidavits, their sido of the matter, which must commend, itself to all impartial minds. An array of evidence^ gathered after elaborate efforts, by the different counsel, from the best and most trust? worthy sources, was presented in behalf of the applicants for bail, which.com? pletely rebuts the charges that the white men commenced the trouble, and that Gen. Butler and his friends, accused; with him, countenanced in any way! the sub? sequent killing. ?. ? ? i i: ' The accused have always shown a read? iness and desire to .have the earliest and most searching inquiry into the charges preferred against them, and are anxious to obtain through the courts of law and justice, which they hope will be impervi? ous to political influence or partisan im? pressions, that perfect vindication which can be satisfactorily obtained through no other medium. It is to be hoped that the showing made to-day by these gentlemen will have the effect of satisfying every one, that, on their side, there was no po? litical motive and no race hostility urging to the collision, but that the whole affair was a well laid and elaborated plan of the negroes and their Radical leaders, who stirred them to force a fight upon the whites, and that the killing of the prisoners, which formed the disgraceful termination to the difficulty, was not participated. in by the accused or the better classes of citizens whom they rep? resent, but is earnestly regretted and de pleored by them all 'CALLING THE ROLL. To say that the town was on tiptoe of; of expectation concerning the events, of the" day, would be but faintly to express the sentiment of the very large ^crowd of people who had come from miles around; to witness the proceedings. The accused voluntarily surrendered themselves to the sheriff, and by appointment met that of? ficer at Graniteville early in the morning.; The line was formed,'and the mounted cavalcade moved slowly toward Aiken. Gen. Butler arrived' in a buggy, about 12 o'clock, and a little later the cavalcade came winding up to the Lyceum where the court was held. The' appearance of the men was very imposing, and al-, though all appeared in good spirits the best order was maintained, the only de monstration being a spontaneous shout from the assembled crowd as the men rode up. The men were then marched up to the hall, where the 'sheriff proceed? ed to the call roll. '.The following an? swered to their names: Gen. M. C. But? ler' Robert J. Butler, Henry Getsen, Rev. John Mealing. Wm. Briggs, John Butler, Harrison Butler* Luther Keese, Duhbar \ Lamar, Prince Butler, Cray ton Mathe ,ney, Cornelius Benson, Aaron Tyler, Thomas Oliver, John, Crawford, Robert Gardner, J. Yandiver,'Chas. Koennegon, Walker Matheney, Frank Taylor, cpl ored, Isiah, Marshall, colored, George Yihdiver, Robert (j&afee, Kinloch, Cha fee, Arthur1 Johnsoh.^Dr. Hugh A. Shaw, Georfee' Bhsch,,John ^u^ch',;!L'efby Ham? mond, James Hammond, James. Smith, John.Smith, David Glover, Robert Mor? gan, John Lamar, Samuel Pag'e^G'egrge Bunch, Luther Ransom, Frank Kramer, John Oliver, Benj. Yandiver, Pleasant Chinall, Charles Glover, Thomas Settler. James Merriweather, James Mclpe, Tol Glover, James Lamar, Win. Glover, John Raper, Gus Glover, Thomas W Carwile, James Clarke, Garland Snead. !' Six or the Carolina prisoners were absent on account of sickness, and the names of thir^-nine 'G'eorgiaus were called , who were not present, no requisition, to the Governer of Georgia haying been made. The counsel for the petitioners were: 'Gen. M. W. Gary, Maj. W. T. Gary, D. S. Henderson, George. W. V. Cre.fl, 0. C. Jordan, and Messrs. M. L. Bohham, L. F. Youm?ns, J. C. Sheppard and James Aldrich, .of counsel. . 'Attorney General William Stone ap? peared for .the State. ' ' .,; . The reading of the verdict of the. cor? oner's jury having been waived, Mr. D. S. Henderson made a general statement of the charges preferred by the coroner's jury. He said the charges were' simply that Moses Parks came to his death at Hamburg, in Aiken County, on. the night of the 8th of July last at the . hands of Robert J. Butler. That James Cook came to his death at the hands of Henry Getsen, Thomas Butler and Harrison Butler.' A. T. Attaway, David Phillips, Hampton Stevens and Albert Mignard, at the hands of Thomas Oliver, John Oliver and John Lamar and others, un? known to the jury, and that the remain? ing riien were accused generally as being present as accessories before the fact. These were the only charges made, and to meet and rebut those charges he invi? ted the attention of a large number.of ?affidavits which had been prepared. The immense amount of matter which was produced would render it a matter of im? possibility to do more than give the spe? cific points upon which the affidavits bore, and the facts found by them. THE '.''RUE STORY. The first of these affidavits was the sworn statement of Gen. Butler, which has already been published in the News and Courier. Then folloved' the affidavit of Rev. John P. Mealing, which states that the deponent is the uncle of Henry Getsen, one of the accused. On the 6th of July, he received a message from Mr. Getsen requesting his presance at the of? fice of Prince Rivers, at the trial of the suit instituted against the so-called mili? tia compauy for obstructing the highway on the 4th of July. He went with his friend, Dr. H. A. Shaw, and met there Robert J. Butler, Harrison Butler, Thos. Butler and Henry Getsen. After the di? rect examination of Getsen, Doc. Adams proceeded to cross-examine him, and did so in such a rude and irrelevant manner that he was rebuked by the court. Adams still continued this conduct, and Rivers placed him under arrest for contempt, and adjourned the court until the eve? ning of the 8th. On leaving the office, Attaway was walking up and down the, street making a violent speech in which he d?d the court and the white men. He said he was ready for the white men to come on, and'the next one that tried to stop his company he would see that no report was made of it, as he would shoot them so clean that there would be nothing in their mouths to tell. The white men talked. big about getting up a fight; he was.ready; They had guns and ammuni? tion, and knew how to, use them. It would take, a whole State to clean them .out. Let the whites' come on; we are ready. This harangue so excited the women that they cried out, "Start it now; start it now! we want to hang in Bpme white man's collar!" During this excite? ment Doc Adams walked out/on the por? tico of. the office and said, "D-?-h Riv? ers and his court; while I have a compa? ny no ohe. d-h negro ,or white man shall rule nie." The whites present paid no attention to what be said. On the following Saturday, the 8th, he went to Hamburg and found Geri. M. C. Butler as counsel for Robert J. Butler, and also Henry Getsen and Harrison Butler.? Henry Sparnick was also present, repre? senting the 'negroes. On the opening of the court none of the negroes or Sparnick. appeared, and of the seven white men present only two were armed. The ne? groes' then sent word to Gen. Butler to meet them at a specified place to have a conference. Gen. Butler went, but the negroes did not come. THE AFFIDAVIT OF A. P. BUTLER states that on the 8th of July he was present at a meeting of the Democratic Club of Schultz's township, of which he is president, held at Summerbill, about two miles from1 Hamburg. After the meeting, hearing of the trial to beheld there, in which his kinsman was a party, he went to .Haneburg, driving a private carriage, and hot at the head of a band; of armed men, and arrived after the last conference'had been held between Gen. Butler and Rivers. Shortly after be ar? rived firing commenced and a general riot ensued.-no one in particular leading. The disturbance lasted about one hour and a half;. that during the disturbance the deponent, with Gen: Butler, did all they could to restrain the mob from vio? lence of all kind. About 12 o'clock, midnight, he left Hamburg with many friends and went home. The defendant also, positively, swears that he did not fire a gun or pistol that night, or order the1 killing of a single man. Dr. Hugh A. Shaw in his affidavit cor? roborates Rev. Mr. Mealing in every par? ticular. THE AFFIDAVIT OF CHARLES HARDEN, the colored assistant marshal of the town of Hamburg; went to j>rove that hi con? ference between Gen. Butler, Prince Riv? era'and others cm the 8th of July, Rivers said, when questioned, that the company .was not a regular militia company, and their arms had been taken without bis knowledge. Gen. Butler held that under those circumstances the arms should be S'ven tip, and that he would:guarahtee at they would be delivered to the1 Gov? ernor.' Rivers promised to try and1 get the company to give up their arms. De? ponent then went with Rivers' to the; armory. Rivers told the1'company that Gen. Butler said that be most give up the arms, saying at the same time that he couldn't tell them what .to do. The he-1 groes swore they, wouldn't give up the arms, and Attawav said he would die with his in his hand. ' The deponent saw a cannon in the armory and recognized also about forty of the company present. Samuel Spencer, who accompanied the deponent and Rivers to the armory, ad? vised the company not to give up their arms. Prince Rivera in his affidavit corrobo? rates the foregoing relative to the fact that DOC. ADAM'S COMPANY was not a regular, organized militia com? pany. So far as he knew the company had no drills before the 4th of July, 1876. On the 5th of July, complaint was made to him as trial justice by Robeft J. But* ler, that his son had been stopped on the i night of the 3d of July by David Phillips and others with militia guns in their hands and his life threatened, withort provocation. He complained that od the 4th of July, Doc. Adams and others bearing arms, obstructed the public high? way in the streets of Hamburg, for some lime preventing Thomas Butler and Henry Oetzen from passing, the'said negroes. being very abusive and threat ifining. ? - >1 I itu nr. - On the 6th day of July. the. trial came off, and the deponent corroborate* Mr. Mealing's statement relative to the con? duct ot Doc"Adams in'the examiriation of Oetzen, and: the. consequent arrest of Adams for contempt, and further, corrob? orated the statements' made relative: to the non-appearance of the negroes at the trial; recalled i upon the; 7th of July, and their failure to meet Gen. Butler in con? ference to effect an.amicable settlement. He did not see the firing begin and knew nothing of the circumstances. The above affidavits show the overture^ of peace from the whites and the determin? ed opposition. on the part .of the negroes to, effect an amicable adjustment of the .matter. ,u ANOTHER FEATURE: OF THE CASE. The affidavit ?f D. S. Henderson de? veloped another feature of the' case. The deponent had a conversation with S. J. Lee pending the trial and before the fight,' in which Lee said that Henry Sparnick had said a good thing, politi? cally, could be made out of the matter, and said he would go down and represent the negroes, and at the request subse? quently heldTIenry Sparnick did repre? sent the State. ' John Lee, colored, brother of Samuel Ji'Lee, living near Hamburg, states' in his affidavit, that in June last he was re? quested by Doc. Adams to join his com? pany;,and that Doc. Adams said to him that the company was organized to kill the whites. He refused to join. He also ' affirmed that on the 5th of July he saw Louis Schiller take the train for Colum? bia, and on the next morning he saw Schiller return to Hamburgwith a large tin can. A number of Doc. Adam's company were waiting at the depot, three of the number took the can, and took it to John William's house. Judge Blunt, one of the three who took the can, upon being questioned, said that it contained cartridges. The deponent said further, that, since the riot, Tom Carroll, one of the company, told him that before 4 o'clock of the day of the riot all the am? munition, measuring . FIFTEEN QUARTS OF CARTRIDGES, had been carried up to the armory and distributed . among the men by Doc. Adams and others. Robt. E. Carroll, section-master of the South Carolina Railroad, at Horse Creek station, affirmed in his affidavit that be? fore the fight on the day of the 8th of July a colored courier, coming from Hamburg, stopped at the station and told the colored men there to hurry in to Hamburg and immediately went on to Beach Island. That night about 12 o'clock the same courier returned with ten armed men; asked him if he had heard anything from Hamburg, and, on being answered in the negative, pushed ? right on to Hamburg. The day after I the fight he saw the ten armed men re i turning without the courier.; also saw armed men going to Hamburg on the evening of the 8th from the direction of Bath Mills. Trank Taylor, colored, affirmed that in June last he was asked by Attaway to join his company, and, on asking what the company was for, Attaway said to kill out the whites. Edward Rumley affirmed that previous, to the riot he observed on different occa? sions armed bands of negroes patrolling in and out of Hamburg. That they committed all kinds of depredations, stole cattle and destroyed fences, and alko that after the fight and pending the in? quest Charles Turner, the foreman of the' jury, told him that they were going to put the white men in jail and keep them there till after the election. Jerry Whitlock, colored, affirmed that on the 4th of July he heard Attaway make threatening remarks against Henry Oetzen, who was riding by; and that, pending the inquest, he heard Turner, the foreman of the jury; say that they had got the white men where they want? ed. They would put them in jail arid keep them there until after the election. George Henderson, colored, affirmed that on the 4th of July he and Jerry Merriwether, also colored, were asked in Hamburg by Attaway to join a company he was getting up to kill out the whites. Neither himself nor Jerry Merriwether would join. Jerry Merriwether, colorrd, corrobora? ted the statement made by Henderson. CUBSES AND THREATS. , .Aaron F; Tyler affirmed that on the 6th of July Adam's company had passed his house in Hamburg and scraped their bayonets on his fence; he remonstrated with them and they cursed; and threaten? ed him. A day or two subsequent a por? tion of the same company, armed, stopped him while he was going home from Augusta. He asked what right they had to stop him, and they replied that no matter what right they liad they would do as they pleased; threatening and cursing him. . j \ Wm. E. Flint, the watchman on the Charlotte, Columbia and Augusta Hail road bridge, affirms that on the morning of the 8th John Thomas, one of Adam's, company, passed him on the bridge with a large pistol in his hand. That he said Adams had been arrested, but the boys' were not going to allow him to be tried. The depdnent further overheard Doc. Adams that afternoon give orders to his men iu the armory to fire upon the But? lers as they came round the corner from Prince River's office. "The Butlers did ?not, however, come that way. Hearing these things he warned several persons, among whom was Mr. Frank Kramer, that a difficulty was brewing. George Kramer affirmed that he had been frequently halted and insulted and threatened by armed negroes in the streets of Hamburg at night, these negroes having no authority to perpetrate such, outrages, ? ! Frank Kramer confirmed the testimony -of his brother, George Kramer; and also the testimony of Wm. E i Flint. KILL THE WHITES IN THE BIGHT, j J. H. Corley, who resides near Horse Creek, affirmed: that on Sunday, the day after the fight, he met Ed. Williams and other negroes, who told him of the fight, and said the negroes intended to be re? venged. That they would kill the wh i tea in the night, hide in the day, and begin again the next night in a different locality. J. R. Randolph affirmed that on the 9th of July he met a band of armed negroes, who said they intended to hiurr .der the whites, burn their houses, arid have a country of their own. Aaron Butler, colored,, affirmed that on. the Tuesday prece'ding the riot ho mefi Attaway 'in Hamburg, who abused him for having anything to do with: 'tbe whites. He boasted that they intended to kill the whites, using very profane language, and several negro women present said that the men would shoot the whites arid that they would follow behind and cut their throats. J. Thomas Butler, affirmed that on the 3d'day of July'while he was passing the outskirts of Hamburg, in, a fast team, foing to his father's plantation, he was alted by an officer and two privates of the militia, who tried to pick a quarrel with him,' wnich he avoided, by driving away as fast as he could. . John Moore aftlrmed that on the after 'noon of. the'' riot' he saw' two. ?i^mefl ne? groes hastening towards'.' Hamburg.? gome time afterwards he heard firing in Hainburg.r ' A. JI.Norris and Daniel Branson cor? roborated the testimony relative to Louis Schiller's. going to Columbia for car? tridges. ?' , . . '.' ; i ': J. H. Lamar affirmed that a few days before the riotiheheard'two negroes talk? ing in the woods about .'meeting pri Fri? day night in Hamburg and telling each other that they wanted every manjit. his post. On the night of the difficulty, owing to sickness in his family/ he re? mained at home. . ?.,'// ? Stephen Whitenian, colored, stated that one week previous to. the, difficulty, Rivers told him that he h^ad,nothing to dp with the organization Of the'.colored company, and had only heard ,pf their usingState arnis by accident^' The next day Rivers told Adams that he'.would put him. under arrest for using State arms without authority. THE STATEMENT OF GETSEN AND BUTLER. Henry Getsen and Thomas Butler sta? ted that on the 4th of July, while passing through the main highway of Hamborg in a buggy, on their way to their planta? tion, when they had reached a point in the ro-.d where there is a well arid a ditch, which 'jbstructs half of the 'road, they were forced by Doc Adams' company, which, instead of turning or altering their Eosit ion, marched right up to their horse's ead and beat their drum right in the animal's face. They baited'for a mo? ment, expecting that the company would shift position, but instead of this, the negroes cursed and abused them horribly, refusing to let them pass, and spreading out their ranks, placing the men about ten feet apart. They attempted then to drive between the men, but the negroes crossed their bayonets and refused en? trance. The negroes continued to abuse, curse and threaten them, keeping them halted for fifteen minutes, until a rain came up, when they broke their ranks 1 and the Duggy was driven through. The i buggy could not have proceeded without i turning round and driving out of their way. ? ? The foregoing affidavits, as will be seen from their nature, Were submitted to show a conspiracy, determination and prepara? tion on the part of the negroes to bring about a riot, and their unwillingness to accept pacific terms from any one. WHO WEBE THE AGGBES30BS ? Affidavits were then submitted from Messrs. Shaw. Mealing and Joseph Rog? ers, showing the general disorder and the threats made by the negroes previous to the riot. Affidavits were then submitted from W. P. Johnson, W. P. Koger, J. B. Mc Kinney, George Dann, John Sullivan, Wm. Cooney, Wm. Allen, C. E. Coffin, Robert Virgil, H. H. Bliss, Walker Matheney, J. C. Kirkpatrick, E. R. Cun? ningham, Leopold Meyers and R. W. Habersham. showing that the hostilities and the firing was commenced by the negroes from the armory, and that young Mr. Merriweather had been killed by the negroes before the whites fired a shot Affidavits from R. J. Butler, Charles F. Wurnburger, Mina and Eda Lipfield, B.iLipfield, D. Lipfield. John Shaw, W. ,W. Woodward, B. J., M. ,C andJ.T. Butler, James Smith,, Stephen Ashton, M. A. Ransom, E. E. Jefferson, R. A. Ch?fee arid' J. W. Hdckabee, proving alibis in the cases of all those charged specifically, with: the crime of murder, and most of those charged with being aiders and abettors. Gen. Gary here stated that the peti-1 tioners would close their evidence, reserv? ing to themselves the right to put in a general denial of the. others charged with complicity in the matter of being present or aiding and abetting in any way the' killing of the negroes. ATTORNEY-GENERAL STONE then read the testimony taken'before tile coroner's jury of inquest, which occupied , the court for nearly two hours. ; At the close of the reading of this. testimony, the gist of which has already been pub? lished, Judge Maher desired* to know if counsel were desirous of making argu? ment The attorney-general Btated that, if the Court Lad formed its opinion from: the testimony, he did not.see the necessi? ty of argument. Judge Maher stated that from the reading of the testimony he had virtually decided the question of bail. . This did not touch the merits' of the'case, arid un-_ ?less counsel were particularly desir-' O?S of making argument, he was not par? ticularly desirous-of-hearing them. Ar? gument? /therefore, . on .,bp!th, sides, was 'waived;1 ? ' 1 1 r *? V ''' 10 ?" 1 ! FALSE EVtDfiNOE EXPOSED. T??on:.'Butler ttegjiwifed ,tojhKBw?h, "in order*to make'a statement relative'tb the testimony tafefih before the jury of ?inqqest. - Geq.' \B^ler\lwas%^ordingly: sworn, and, made.'tue .following state-. mont: One of these 'witnesses, named Augustus Robinson, - testifies to a number if*, 6WP WjfipP?, with W**n? J fj4*5 to state that if I said a word to him 1 have no recollection of~it-jwhatsoever. I may haver bowed, to hijn i but po^mpre. These alleged conversations I- pronounce to be unqualifiedly, utterly and unequivocally false. The statement of Gardner, that I requested to have.the use of the Council Chamber, in also utterly false. ; He .wanted me to go to the Council Chamber and have a conference, and I went there with.him and had. a, talk in the most peaceful way. John Frier stated that I was at the ring where the. prisoners were shot. 11 state upon my solemn. oath that when this was done I was within. 100 yards of Mr. Robert Butler's ihouse.,, I state this to show the character of this evidence, T would/ :I'assurejrqur Honor, feel the deepest humility in being placed in this .position,, if I did not observe- in the whole proceeding the potent an xiety to throw to the .country this evidence before it had even been submitted to .a court of justice.. The affidavits, which iwe 'have collected have been shown .to nope, until Sresented to.this court, except in- my in* ividual affidavit, which I deemed it my duty to myself and.friendsfo make pub* lie. Such testimony as that read by the attorneyTgeneraL; your Honor, is an out? rage upon the people where I reside j the whole is d^ne for political effect, and nothing else. I am here with my friends, ?the beat men in th* State, -to abide by the laws of this country. Wo have not shirked. I our duty,- and we only *?k. some semblance of fairness in the manner of conducting this prosecution. They hate brought affidavits from men who have twillfully and- deliberately .perjured them? selves, and they have.used this testimony for the purpose, of bringing down odium upon honorable men. I thought it my duty to myself and my friends to.make ? this statement, and I. here repeat, under a solemn oath, that the whole statement generally, as presented in the inquest testimony, is false, unfeignedly, unquali? fiedly and unequivocally false. ?11 ? JUDGE M?HER '1'''? -'" ? ? "! 'then safd that the only fltiestton; before^ him'th'eh waSi'whether the.accusbd par-j tiea'should:W.admlfted tb baSl'to answer] .to such char?iw'as'tbeJ.^ ?refer againsVtneiij. If ft/cqhia'always1 eV matter, elf 'perfect as?d'ifjrace' that 4 party charged *ith .any offence wbuld bej 'sure' of coining to trial th'eflaw would'hoi allow lta'prisonnlehtjior V'day1. ;Th?r?l^w presumes ,a man ihn'ocetftr.'untU1 ,Ke" '|si proved innocent. The .'constttati?h Of the State; as"I understand it, is:toihe ejPJ fectthat p. ties shall,; befbp fconyibtionj bei enlarged on good and sUfe^nt'bmlJ ' except in capital cases, ..where the,1 woof !is ;evideqt or the prea?mpttbiL great!-4 ' Looking at .the eyidence before me, !I [cannot see that sucliis thie au^^Bnagj where the.presuraption i?rgre!at tHere^ia 'a constitutional provision' that allows :a discretion.to the court. Wherever;rme Courtis assured' that the parties' accused will come forward and answer'the lndic't-J ment a^insV(th*'em tn'6''ci|?rt'!sB^|li' jfi-'iid discretion, gfanlb^,jtb^?f?TOm of thef law'requires; t^at'ip niaWsball be'imj>ris-! on?d without; 'good cause./"' There' do?bt in t h$ mind that all,' 0?' WesB ?' par? ties will', 'come' for ward' as they have'done to-day.' I tbipk' it proper, therefore,, that these men should be enlarged upon giv? ing b?nd for their appearance. The'only question now is as to the amount, of bail: FIXING THE BAIL. The attorney-general thought that as there was' so many ; different degrees inj the alleged crimes, the bail.should vary and be Considered, that from ten to five 'thousand, dollars each Would be sufficient ?depending, of course, upon-the > means' of the party, i He thought.'that there were some of the accused in which a bond of one thousand dollars Would be suffi? cient. General Gary held that under the con? stitution of the State, bail should not be excessive. The people were very poor; and such bail as the attorney-general demanded was virtually to imprison 'the men. i < ?!. ?.- ?'? Major Gary called the attention of the court to the fact that the bail would all have to be raised kin one section , and in order to comply, with the demand of the attorney-general, it would require $600, 000 to be raised in a section where there was not half that amount. Governor Bonham took the same ground, arguing that auch bail as the attorney-general demanded would be ac? tual incarceration. Judge Maher said that while he sup? posed the attorney-general had reference to the gravity of the crime charged, but if a man was to be bailed at all it must be of course within his means. The people of this State, white and colored, are very poor, and the evidence being doubtful, too, and more than doubtful in respect to some of the prisoners, I think it would be unreasonable to expect such heavy bail. I think one thousand dol? lars each should be enough, and 1 fix it, therefore, at that amount. Now I desire to say one word more .before we part.? You have submitted yourselves to the trial of but one question, and that is, whether you were entitled to bail. You have not decided your guilt or innocence, and what I desire is, that you will make no triumph of this matter, but give your bail and go quietly to your homes. .aviiui I Gen. Butler assured the Judge that bis requst would be strictly obeyed. He knew the men well enough to say that they Tooked upon the. matter as no triumph, and that they would give bail and go quietly home. The prisoners then each entered into a thousand dollar bond to answer at the nest term of the court such Charges as the grand jury might prefer against them. , Everything passen off quietly ..and peaceably, and the men, with a com? mendable degree of decorum and dignity, i dispersed towards their homes. I! , , ; in- J. K. B. A ?Trnthful Version of the Edgefleld Meeting by a Republican Judge. Editors Columbia Register: The statements published in the Union Herald"arid the Netos and Courier of this date, regarding' the Republican meeting in Edgefield, on last Saturday, abound in gross: misrepresentations. About, two hundred white horsemen paraded on the occasion, armed with pistols, only ac? cording to their custom. Some^of these galloped down the street, giving an occa? sional yell, and were passed aud'repasscd by ,a number of colored . men,, also, mounted,and hurrahing'as they galloped. These last were' Republicans, and1 no at? tempt was made to molest them. The Republicans marched in procession about eight hundred strong, with the United ?States flag arid many party banners fly? ing along their 1;ne, which was preceded by. the jAiken .colored band, and the 'white horsemen opened, their ranks promptly,' and allowed them to pass through' without molestation or insult. I ?rNqt one mounted "Democrat, ? ap , geared ab the .piatform. On the con tra-. ry, they were a 11 dismounted when .the' Republican procession arrived oh the ? 'ground, 'arid the whites stood on the right. and front of the stand and the blacks on the left; throughout the entire meet? ing not the slightest attempt being made to disturb the colored auditors' either by word or deed. The Democrats did not take forcible, possession of the-meeting. Two hours' before we assembled, a com? mittee of Democrats;' headed by J. CL Sheppard, Esq., called on Go v. Chamber? lain and myself, and requested-the privi? lege of meeting us in in t d iscussion.? .Both the Governor aad I expressed our cordial assent to the proposition, '? but stated that the matter rested in the hands of Senator. Gain, the Republican County .Chairman,.: who had. arranged the- pro gram me, and that we would communi? cate with him and request his consent thereto, and inform them that we had not been able to see Senator Cain, upon which they retired, with our assurance that we did not object to dividing the time with them'at the' meeting. On reaching the place of meeting, Go v. Chamberlain and Senator Cain (colored) and I mounted' the stand at almost the same instant with Generals Butler and Gary, the latter of whom stated to us that ?"the Democrats of Edgefield had de? manded the right to be heard at the meeting, arid that we had shirked' the demand, arid' that they intended to be ? heard, and wanted a definite answer." I ?sprang Upon a chair, and addressing tbe audince, I stated the--facts as above re? cited, and declared the readiues of Gov. Ch amberlain and 'mysel f to meet the1 Democracy of Edgefield' then and there in joint discussion. Gen: Butler then aaked ; how many Republicans proposed to, speak on the occasion, and I answered six or seven. We then agreed, Goy. Chamberlain, Generals Butler arid Gary and myself, that each,speaker should be limited to thirty minutes. It was ar? ranged that Gov." Chamberlain' Bh'ould speak first Gen. Butler next, and that I .should follow Gen. Butler, and be replied to by Gen. Gary, and that Mr. J. C. Sheppard and,others should reply to any other Republican speakers in their prop? er order.- ? ??? !" ?' ? Senator Cain then came forward to in? troduce Gov. Chamberlain, but the Gov? ernor, suggested to him that he should not introduce the speakers, and for that reason and that alone, the usual'form of introduction by the: county chairman was* not. had.-on the. occasion. I kept the time, .and' notified, the speakers when 'their time was/?p.'' .','7 ',.*'" v. ''Governor Chamberlain was?ccasi?nal ly interrupted by questions from Demo? crats in tiu audience?euch as "How .about McDeyitt?"..(the defaultingCoun? ty Treasurer ;)*'Whai'about the conyer-i '"sion bonds?" "i&c.?buffj1 these intorrup-l ?ttons were: promptly; -checked by Gen. Butler, who;sternly rebuked the persona ?who.made them*,,,., , , m,:, '..jij '/'General" Butler replied, to Gpvernorj 'Ohamberlaih/in'a,,s'pe'ecfi: which,'tbough| .'thoroughly earnest, did not exceed' the just. Ii mite,; of courteous ? debate; paying a splendid tribute ? to. ?he United States hag that waved over the',platform, every ^?tar bf which, he ^ruWsaid, had'derived . sOme of i ts l?stre from1 the hefoic deeds J of the white men of Edgefield, who had I marched under it to sustain the honor of the republic ic foreign wars, lie also ..vindicated himself,from the false.and! J riiaiignant charges of pjose.who.had,.tra-j duced him by Ooupling his name with 1 the r-niurder of' unanhed ' prisdrienr'^at! Hamburg, and asserted that he was in? nocent of. any .complicity in thaf great crime, and gave it no sanction. |t ... ' T stepped forward to'address the audi? ence, arid General Gary, in order, doubt? less, to bespeak a courteous hearing for me, exclaimed, "This. Is Judge Mackey ; he,is with the Radicals, but he is a Dem? ocrat in disguise r * I began my remarks by stating that' "I wear no disguise, fellow-citizens ;'I . am: a Republican, - elevated to -high' ofH ce by Republicans,.and I shall never desert1 my colors, arid bet/ray the trust reposed in me by the dark race, and above all, it would dishonor me to desert here in Edgefield in the face of the enemy." ' I made an earnest Republican speech, i n which I said that I am'proud of being a citizen of this great republic. "Where freedom, baud in hand with labor, " Walketh stout arid bravfe, : . And on the forehead of his neighbor, No man writeth 'Slave!.'!' I was interrupted once or twice by questions, one ci which was: "Where is Parker?" Gen. Gary followed hi a most bitter attack upon Governor Chamberlain, firing, as usual, red hot shot from his heavy ordnance. I arose to reply to General Gary, who protested against my being heard, on the ground that I had already spoken my allotted time. I in? sisted on being beard, however; and General Butler came forward, and it was arranged that I should speak another half hour, and should be replied to. I was then heard, in what I regarded as an effective reply to Gen. Gary. As I closed my speech, the platform fell for the fourth time, and the white audience, after hearing a: brief reply from Gen. Butler, adjourned to the Democratic stand on the public square, distant about 300 yards. Wheri I had nearly closed my last speech, the colored portion of the audience reformed in their line, and retired, undisturbed, so far as I heard, either by^threats or jeers. The statement of Mr. Blackman, the reporter of the News and Courier, in regard to this mat? ter, was-derived from other parties, who have misrepresented the facts to him. LEGAL ADVERTISING.?We ate compelled to require cub payments for advertising ordered by Executors, Administrators.and other .fiduciaries, and herewith append the rates for the ordinary notices, which will only be inserted when the money comes with the order:' Citations, two insertions, .... $3.00 : Estate Notices, three insertions, - ? . 2.00 Final'Settlements, five insertions ? - 3.00 "'TO CORRESPONDENTS.?In order to receive attention, communications must be accompanied by. the true-name and address of the writer. Re? jected manuscripts will not be returned, unless the necessary stamps arc furnished to repay the postage thereon. 43* Wc are not responsible for the views and opinions of our correspondents. All Communications should be addressed to "Ed* itors Intelligencer," and all checks, drafts, money orders, &c, should be made payable to the order of ? HOYT A CO., - Anderson', S. C. He did not arrive upon the ground until the Democrats i started for their own stand, aud be then approached me and asked me to furnish him a statement of the facts, to which I replied that I had not time to do so. I know him to be in? capable of any intentional misrepresen? tation. He also erred in stating that I made a Democratic speech at the Democratic meeting. On the contrary, in reply to a remark there made, to the effect that I should return as a repentant'prodigal to the Democratic fold, I said: "No, fel? low-citizens of Edge Seid, I am unalter? ably a Republican, proud of my political taith. Your Democratic party, more? over, can win back no prodigals, for you have not any fatted calves to draw them home I am, however, the friend of good government, and those who strug? gle to redeem South Carolina from mis? rule and will find no foe in me while they act within the limits of the law. I shall now retire, thanking you sincere? ly for having respected the right of free speech here to-day, although that right was asserted under circumstances which must have greatly irritated the feelings of fvery whifr. pit^n nf Edgefield." When I made my few brief remarks, I was mounted bh a Targe' gray horse that had been placed at ray disposal, and Gen. Butler, os I concluded, said aloud, "Weil, although you are a Republican, you are mounted on a Democratic horse ;" to which I answered, "I knew him to be a Democratic horse by his solemn and 'hungry look and lean ribs; and he wears .the gray.,; ;T i . ? i> ??? , ..I should, add that I did not Ijpr a single fire-arm discharged at any time during the day,'nor did I see any weap? on drawn/or any attempt at violence in any.; form. The colored men were not excluded from the stand; and if they had been, I would not have spoken. They did' not attempt to mount the stand, 'neither'did'Mr. Jillsori nor Mr. Baus kett, two white Republicans, who in? tended to speak on the occasion. .The statement is.equally false as to any attempted violence at Johson's De? pot, on our return. Some ten or fifteen white men there walked up near the train, and one of them cried out: "There's our Congressman Smalls; let's ki?s.him-;", .while others -said, "let's ask the Governor for a lock of his hair!" They were all in a jesting mood, and at my. request they ceased their offensive remarks'. !" The government of Edgefield has been for eight years a festering ulcer upon onr body .politic, and a diligent attempt is now being made, to hide with "the bloody shirt" the appalling wrongs committed by the Republican party on the white ?population of that section. For exam? ple, there have been three County Treas? urers, all Republicans, appointed in Edgefield sjnee 186& The first, John W?ole^ proved a defaulter to the amount of $25,000 j the second Eichel? berger, in the sum of about $30,000; and the third, DcDevitt, estimated at $40,000 or $50,000. The government is wholly composed of negroes elected on the race issue, as? serted even against white Republicans, Land, the. very doors of the temple of jus? tice ,have been slammed by a Republican 'Judge in the face of the white people uf 'Edgefield, when they invoked the law to i protect them in their rights. See my re? port on Edgefield of January, 1875., T. J. Mackey. Turnips. Chemists tell us, that ninety per cent of the turnip is water. .If so, the remai n ing ten per cent, must be in a wonder? fully concentrated and nutritive condi? tion, for both as a distender and nutri? tious food, turnips are suited to the ? palates of both man and beast And if they were even more watery than they are, we would advise farmers to grow them largely as long as. they can be so profitably utilized. No one knows the !'value of "a good turnip patch as well as he who has sheep or cattle on hand in the . fall and; winter, with nothing else to rely i upon as. provender. Fed raw, they will keep sheep and cattle in good order all r the' 'winter, and are not poor food for horses when* they once learn to eat them. ?We have a three year old that would eat ?a peck at a feed last winter. . We therefore 8a'jy,sbw largely of tur? nips, and begin now to prepare the,land. If you have a lot upon' which cows'' have ?been.penned since spring, or sheep hur? dled/ sow turnips there. If you have no such lot, break up the best acre o: two in ybtif'BtuqWe' field, and turn it over thor ough-lv' in the operation. In ten days lay it off in thirty inch beds, and if practica? ble subsoil every furrow as the:beds are Rheine made. In the .water, furrow be 'tween.'these beds drill heavily all, the -manure' to be had on the farm, from the !stables, horse lots, cow houses, pig pens, .chicken coopsc and ash hoppers, >and make the size of the patch conform to 'the quantity of manure on hand, allow? ing the application to' be' a heavy .dril On this manure throw two shovel fur? rows, 'Upon this list sprinkle two. hun? dred and n'fty or three hundred pounds of ammoniated superphosphate to the acre, and complete the beds by throwing out the middles with twisters. Between the 20th July and: 1st August open these beds and drill in the rutabaga seed at the rate of a pound and a half or two ^pounds to the acre. We have never -crown fide rata bagassown later than the first week in August Any time in August any of the varieties, of turnips may be sown. We prefer them, in tue order named: Yellow Aberdeen, White Globe, Norfolk, Flat Dutch, Seven rTOD. Some persons use seed drills, others put a quill in the mouth of a bottle from which the seed are drilled. We general? ly drill our own seed, and simply take the seed from a tin cup in the left hand, by a pinch from the thumb and fore fin? ger of the right hand, and we can sow as fest as a plowman walks. We cover very lightly, with a rake If the. land is thoroughly prepared, we prefer sowing just before a rain. A full stand will then be secured; but would wait a week for a rain rather than sow in land tolerably moist Turnip seed are easily sprouted, but if the sun is very hot, the land is rapidly dried and the seed easily killed. Hence the necessity of a fair season to secure a stand. When the plants are three or four days old we chop out as we do cotton, to bunches the width of a hoe. These bunches are thinned out daily, to be eaten,or fed to stock. When about four inches high, the crop should be well ploughed, and the work is done. Some farmers sow small grain at this ploughing. We do not like this system, because we do not demand of.the land to grow more than one crop at a' time. An average crop of turnips in the South is perhaps three hundred bushels. We have grown one thousand bushels on an acre, and think fifteen hundred might be grown. ? We are always clever with those who imagine we-think as they do. To be shallow you must differ with people; to be profound you must agree with them.