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HOYT & 00., Proprietors. ANDEBSON 0. H., EL 0., THURSDAY MORNING, JUNE 10, 1875. VOLUME X.--NO. 47. Special Dispatch to the JS'e-xs and Courier. President Grant Don't Want a Third Term. Washington, May 30. President Grant yesterday addressed the fol? lowing letter to the President of the Pennsyl _ vania Republican Convention: Executive.Mansion, ) Washington, D. CL, May 29, 1875. J ikarSir: A short time subsequent to the presidential election of 1B72, the press, a por? tion, of it hostile to the Republican party, and particularly so to the administration, started the cry of Csesarisra and the third term, calling lustily for me to define my position on the lat? ter subject. I believed it to be beneath the dignity of the office, which I have been twice 'called upon to fill, to answer such a question before the subject should be presented by com? petent authority to inake^a nomination, or by ? body of such dignity and authority as not to make a reply a fair subject of ridicule. In fact, I have been surprised that so many sensi? ble persons in the .Republican party should permit their enemy to force upon them and -their party an issue which cannot add strength to the party, no matter how met. But a body of the dignity and party authority of a Con* vention to make nominations for the State -officers of the second State in the Union having considered this question, I deem it not improp? er that I should now speak. ?"?In the first place, I never sought the office for a second nor even for a first nomination. -To the first I was called from a life position, one created by Congress expressly for me, for supposed services rendered to the Republic j The position vacated I liked. It would have been most agreeable to me to have retained it until such time as Congress might have con? sented to my retirement, with thu rank and a portion of the emoluments which I so mnch -needed, to a home where che balance of my ,days might be spent in p*ace and the enjoy? ment of domestic quiet, relieved from the cares which have oppressed me so constantly now lot fourteen years. But I was made to believe that the public good called roe to make the sacrifice. Without seeking the office for the second term, the nomination was tendered to ?me by a unanimous vote ?f the delegates of all the States and Territories selected by the Re? publicans of each to represent their whole number for the purpose of making their nomi? nation. I cannot say that I was not pleased at this, and at the overwhelming endorsement which their action received at the election following; but it must be remembered that all the sacrifices, except that of comfort, had been made in accepting the first term. Then, too, such a fire of personal abuse and slander had been kept up for four years, notwithstanding the conscientious performance of my duties to the best of my understanding, though I admit In the light of subsequent events many times subject to fair criticism, that an endorsement from the people, who alone govern republics, was a gratification that it is only human to have appreciated and enjoyed. Now for the Third Term. I do not want it any more than I did the first. I would not write Or utter a word to change the will of the people in expressing and having their choice. The question of the number of terms allowed to any one Executive can only come up fairly in the shape of a proposition to amend the constitution?a shape in which all political parties can participate, fixing the length of time or the number of terms for which any one person shall be eligible for the office of Presi? dent. Until such an amendment is adopted, the people cannot be restricted in their choice by resolutions, further than they are now re? stricted as to age, nativity, uc. It may hap? pen, in the future history of the country, that to change an Executive because he has been eight years in office, will prove unfortunate, if not disastrous. The idea that any man could elect himself President, or even nominate him? self, is preposterous. It is a reflection upon the intelligence and patriotism of the people to suppose such a thing possible. Any man can destroy his chances for the office,* but no one can force an election, or even nomination. To recapitulate. I am not, nor have I ever been, a candidate for a renomination. I would not accept a nomination, if it were tendered, unless it should come under such circumstan? ces as to make it an imperative duty?circum? stances not likely to arise. I congratulate the convention over which you preside for the harmony with which its ticket has been put in the field, and which I hope may be triumph? antly elected. With great respect, yonr obedient servant, U. S. GRANT. To Gen. Harry White, President Pennsylva? nia Republican State Convention. . Specis! Ditpaich to the New York Sun. Haw Gen. Grant went for a thing he Didn't Want. Washington, May SI. President Grant in his third-term letter de? clares that he did not seek the nomination for the Presidency in the first instance. This is perhaps true to this extent: he never openly went about, as some politicians are doing, elec? tioneering for the place, and fixing the pins ahead by making promises to certain politi? cians ; but he cannot successfully deny tnat be encouraged the advocacy of his claims for the position by leading men in the Democratic as well as the Republican party. The Hon. Montgomery Blair has asserted more than once, on his honor as a gentleman, that Gen. Grant was fully aware of the movement begun by him in 1867-66 to bring out Grant as a Democratic candidate. Grant visited his house almost daily, and gave him to understand that he was entirely in accord with the Democracy, that he had always been a Democrat, and that the only vote he had ever given was for the DeiEQcratic ticket in 1860. He was aware that Mr. Blair was inspiring certain articles that were being printed in the National Intelligencer and New York World, and which advocated Grant's nomination by the Democratic party. &o iar from these articles giving ofience to Grant, Mr. Blair declares that Grant expressed himself well pleased with them, and in many ways manifested his appreciation of the inter? est he (Blair) was taking in his behalf. "It V* true," Bays Mr. Blair, "that Grant never in so many words avowed himself a can? didate or expressed a desire in plain English, to have the Democratic nomination, but he certainly did by his manner and by his general conversation encourage me to go on with the work I had begun, and just as certaiuly did he give me good and sufficient cause in the first instance to begin the agitation." While this coquetting was going on with the Democrats through Montgomery Blair, the Re Sublican leaders here began to get very uneasy, ohn W. Forney, who then run two papers, both daily, and was the recognized mouthpiece of the Republican managers in this city, had gone to Europe, leaving one of his dailies (the Chronicle) in the charge of j. j. Stewart, of Baltimore. It was understood at the time of Forney's departure that Ben. Wade was the favorite of the party managers, and Forney left directions that while the Clironicle was not to be committed to any candidate, it was nev? ertheless to keep Wade's strong qualities as a possible candidate well before the public. But when it was ascertained that somebody was setting up Grant as a Democratic candidate, and it was evideqt that this advocacy was by no means distasteful to him, then the party leaders on the other side determined to court him also. Mr. Stewart was instructed to culti? vate the General of the Army assiduously, and he did so. Stewart had almost daily conferences with him, and a number of leading editorial articles written by him were printed in the Chronicle with such captions and using the name of ? Grant in such a manner as to convey the assur? ance to the public that they expressed the views of Grant on the various questions dis? cussed therein. It is a curious fact that one.of these articles was devoted to the discussion of the limitation of the Presidency to one term of six years, and the incumbent to be ineligible thereafter. In this article many of the argu? ments which have lately been used to prove the danger of a third term were advanced, as the writer declares, upon the authority of Gen. Grant, to demonstrate that a second term was often fraught with dangers. Another of these articles was under the caption of "Gen. Grant's Financial Policy," and took for its text the declaration of Grant to the writer that the only financial policy he had was to pay the interest on the national debt, and leave to future gen? erations the duty of providing for the payment of the principal. Still another was headed, "Gen. Grant's Position on the Fourteenth Amendment and Universal Suffrage," and it was claimed that Grant was in full accord with the most advanced leaders of the Republican party on theseJssues. Mr. Stewart asserts that not one of these ar? ticles, and there were perhaps a score of them, was written without a previous interview with Gen. Grant, and a discussion of the questions of which they treated. Mr. Stewart adds that in almost every instance the articles after they had been printed in the Chronicle were talked over by Grant and himself, and received Grant's approval. "It is true," says Mr. Stewart, "that all the while there was not a word said by either of us about the nomination of Gen. Grant, but it was so plain from his conduct that 'Barkis was willing, nay, anxious, that it was not necessary to formally interrogate him on this point. My object was to find out whether he was sound on the vital issues, and his aim appeared to be to satisfy me, aud through me the party." The Republican party was satisfied, and the. Democratic politicians were disgusted by these semi-official utterances of Gen. Grant, and Montgomery Blair gave up his self-imposed task of President making. In the light of these undeniable facts the public can properly interpret Grant's declaration on the third term: "I do not want it any more than I did the first." The Greenville and Columbia Railroad?Its Condition and Prospects! The report of the President and Directors of the Greenville and Columbia Railroad, presented to the Stockholders at the annual meeting, held in Columbia on April 26, will doubtless be as satisfactory to the public as it proved to be to the owners of the Road. The earnings of the year 1874 were$591,934, and the expenses $321,489, leaving a balance of earnings of $270,445. As compared with 1873 there was a decrease of $39,508, or sis per cent., in the gross earnings, and of $6,097 in the expends. This was a very suiall de? crease in comparison with that shown in the accounts of other Southern Railroads, some of which have lost one-fifth of their former earn? ings. The Down freight business of the road shows an increase of about $41,000, and the Up freight business a loss of $66,000. The number of bales of cotton carried in 1874 was 131,319, and the largest number in any prece? ding year was 107,174 in 1873. During 1874 the sum of $151,678 was spent for 1,212 tons of new rails, 3 new locomotives and 60 new freight ears. The equipment of the Road is still in? complete, and the Board have already pur? chased 500 tons of new raih, and are in treaty for 500 tons more. The Road is threatened with a business competition that will tax its energies to the utmost, and it is the part of wisdom to put it in complete order as rapidly as its means will allow. The President well says that business contests, in these times, are too often to be waged with companies whose finan? cial position, affording no nope for the Stock? holders, consigns the direction of affairs Co persons whose sole end seems to be to obtain quantities of tons, not profitable returns from investments. The financial condition of the Company steadily improves. Three years ago the Com? pany was utterly bankrupt. Since then, the past due interest has been arranged to such an extent that no trouble is anticipated from that source; large sums of money have been spent in improving the property; the interest on the acknowledged debt has been regularly and promptly paid, aud the greater portion of the immense mass of disputed debt, so long the cause of intense anxiety, has been drawn back to the control of the Company. To complete the arrangement of the debt, the President and Directors, in their report, asked for authority to create a first mortgage for an amount not exceeding $3,000,000, the bonds to bear not more than 7 per cent, interest, and to run not less than twenty years. The stockholders unanimously authorized the making of the mortgage, of which not more than $2,500,000 shall be used fW the settlement of the debt, and $500,000 be held in trust, applicable only to such acquisitions and additions to the prop? erty as have been authorized and approved by the stockholders. The Directors do not doubt that this will be acceptable to the holders of all classes of bonds, who will be relieved from carrying securities whose status is questioned, and whose value is, therefore, impaired, and. will receive iu return bonds whose character will be unquestioned, and whose class will commend them to favorable consideration in financial circles. With the means furnished them by the First Mortgage, the Board have great confidence in their ability to place the entire indebtedness of the Company in a con? dition of such strength aud soundness as to entitle the credit of the Greenville and Co? lumbia Railroad to rank far beyoud what it has ever known. Facts and results show that the affairs of the Greenville and Columbia Railroad have been managed with sagacity and consummate abili? ty. It was a mere wreck, the shuttlecock of Rings and Cliques, the victim of political ad? venturers. No concern in the South had a fu? ture more dark. In three years its worst diffi? culties have been overcome, its condition is comparatively sound, and it has a prospect of becoming steadily and richly profitable. The holders of the First Mortgage bonds will have a first-class security, and stockholders will soon begin to dream of dividends on stock which, not long since, was little better than waste pa? per.?News and Courier. ? - ? > m - ? A correspondent sadly exclaims, "How can a coquette die happy?" She can't if there's a man around, and her back hair isn't fixed to suit her. From the Rural Carolinian for June. Rural Adornment as Conducive to Agricnltu * ral Prosperity. One of the chief obstacles in the way of per manent and progressive agricultural improve ment in the South, is to be found in the gene? ral lack of all those comforts and utilities which go to make a home more attractive; not the useful only, but also the adornings and surroundings, which give pleasure ana satis? faction, and tend to attach us to the place and five an air of permanence to the homestead, n the intense pursuit of profit and gain, this may seem an unimportant matter, but there is no doubt of it. As long as there is an unset? tled feeling?an indifference to the place we call our home, there will be a tendency to get the most out of the land by annual crops, without any fixed plan of permanent improve? ment. Rotation or crops, high manuring, set? ting in grass or clover, raising of stock, all these things which require time to accomplish, will, more or less, be overlooked. It is the old fable over again. The goose is forced to lay the golden egg, and die. The land is scourged to its utmost limits, with annual decreasing profits, until perhaps both land and owner are bankrupt together. Fortunate is such a farm? er if he can get rid of his property at any sac? rifice, and move away to fresher lands. * I It has been said that the prosperity of any rural population may be estimai'id by the com? forts and embellishments around the home? stead?the useful and the ornamental?the two principal wants of our complex nature. This of course must be taken with some qualifica? tion in regard to a country where land is as cheap as it is here?where there is such a con? stant temptation to force the most profit from it in the shortest time, aud move away to fresher lands to repeat the process. But under such a state of things, it is almost impossible to have the best results of good farming. There is the want of fixedness of purpose and definiteness of aim which are essential to suc? cess. The judicious farmer must lay his plans for the future. Like a wise general, he must inspect the forces at his command, and judge what they are capable of accomplishing. He must understand the obstacles in his way, and how they may best be overcome. He must study the quality and composition of his soils?their adaptability to his purpose?the prospect of prices and profits in the future. He must submit to, and even expect some loss at first whilst his operations are iu course of preparation. But this is Just the case with every other department of enterprise which has any prospect of success. The professional man must go through his course of study and training for many years before Jie can look for profits. The merchant begins as a clerk, or at least with a heavy outlay of capital, w?tb ex? pectations of a fortune only after many years of labor. A system of high manuring, look? ing towards the permanent and constantly im? proving condition of his land?the sowing of grasses and the raising of stock, all require time before they can yield the best results. The plan must be laid out, and kept in view, and everything must be made to work towards the desired end. Now, uuless there is a prospect of perma? nent ownership, a feeling that it is to be our home and that of our children, there will be but little inducement to devote the full meas? ure of our energies to its improvement. But let us once realize that tbe place we occupy is so much capital to be increased, and a home where we are to spend the remainder of our lives, a new motive power is at once added to our exertions. We naturally 6et a greater value on those improvements we have made ourselves than those which are made for us, just as the maker of a fortune is more careful of it than he who inherits it. If by a slow and toilsome process?toilsome, and yet continually carrying with it its own reward and gratification, we surround ourselves with all the comforts and luxuries which should attend a rural life?the orchard and vineyard for our supply of wholesome and luscious fruit?the garden furnishing its varied stock of vegetables through the year?the dairy, with its daily supply of milk and but? ter?the stock of cattle, hogs, sheep and poul? try for our table, we have secured a rich source of contentment and satisfaction, whilst at tbe same time these very enjoyments will stimu? late us the more to give permanent and in? creasing value to the surrounding fields from which we are to derive our maiu subsistence. It is to this view of tbe question that I would earnestly call the attention of our Southern farmers. Under the old system of large plan? tations and a single staple crop, there was but little inducement, and less time to think of these things. Cotton was the one absorbing thought; and the planting, cultivation, and preparation of che crop for market occupied most of the year. Now this is all changed. Smaller farms and a more concentrated system are actual necessities. If we are ever to be? come a thriving agricultural community, we must adopt this "intensive system" more or less. With it should go hand in hand the im? proving of the homestead. Tbe two motives act and react upon each other. If the ties that bind us to the home are stronger, they urge us the more to improve the arable lands. If these are increasing in value, they encour? age us to add the comforts and conveniences which should belong to a permanent home. When there is a feeling of settlement for life, there will come a fixedness of purpose and a constancy of effort to make permanent im? provements not only for ourselves, but for those who are to come after us. But whilst we provide for the rueful, we need not neglect the ornamental. Whilst we must give to the necessities of life the first conside? ration, we know that there are other wants which have their origin in the higher sphere of our being. We have a composite nature; and the spiritual needs no less than the animal, its own means of gratification. There are oth? er and higher wants than those of mere "crea? ture comforts." As soon as man emerges from a savage state, he begins to feel the cravings after something beyond his mere animal de? sires. His sense of the beautiful in nature begins to develop itself, and finds gratification in the wonderful works around him. As he rises in the scale of civilized life, these cra? vings increase, and their development becomes a necessity. They find vent in the fine arts? in music, painting, statuary; or in the study and admiration of the marvellous works of na? ture?in gardening and rural adornment. In the rudest hut on the way-side, the single, flower pot at the -window tells the story. To those who live in the country, the invitation is constantly before them, aud the opportuni? ties are always at hand. If we neglect them, we throw aside a means of gratification, which, beyond all others, is pure and elevating to our moral nature. In beautifying and adorning our homes, we minister to those higher feelings of our naturo, wihich bring peace, contentment and satisfaction, and furnish a fit and proper repose and relaxation from tbe more arduous labors of the field. H. W. Ravenel. ? Begin nothing until you have considered how it is to be finished. "Dine Earlier and Eat Less.9' This was Abernethy's advice to a woman who consulted him about her stomach. She was a heavy eater, and was especially fond of night suppers, comprising many dishes, all so highly seasoned as to secure a new sensation to the palate even after the appetite for food had been satisfied. Then, to increase the desire and the ability to swallow food, she drank wine and other stimulating beverages, and was thus able to cr.owd down a tremendous mass of miscella? neous material. Of course, the stomach tried to take care of the load, in the ordinary way. It strove to digest it. It put forth all its pow? ers and drew upon its best gastric resources. It demanded from the blood more gastric juice with which to dissolve the inordinate mass. It labored long and earnestly, but without avail. Its plea for help adequate to the great burden imposed, could not be met. Natural digestion was impossible, because the mass was not only too. great, but because it is not chiefly composed of digestible material. How were the contents of that misused stom? ach disposed of? They were parcelled out and got rid of, after a fashion. The alcohol in the wine was absorbed at once into the circulation and was presently evolved from the lungs. Of course it was a great comfort to get rid of this irritant, and if no other irritant- had been present, and the stomachfrbad been less com? pletely gorged, digestion 'could speedily have been accomplished. But under the circum? stances, about the only thing to be done, was to allow the mixture to ferment, and, after oc? casioning from twelve to forty hours of misery, to be evacuated in an undigested form, leaving the stomach and alimentary canal all the worse for the transit. Abernethy's injunction to dine earlier and eat less, was a sound one; but, as it will be seen, it did not touch the whole evil. Aber nethy was a wise man in many respects; but he is said to have got drunk now and then, in spite of the severity of his strictures upon those of his patients who indulged in excessive eating and drinking. He was an advanced thinker, and had he lived to-day, he would probably have added to his "Dine earlier and eat less" direction, these words: "And see to it that you avoid wines and spices and all stimu? lants." It is very difficult for the average human be? ing to eat moderately, if many kinds of food are eaten. Each has its own peculiar flavor, and the palate is tickled an .i gratified by being invited to partake of one after another, even ! though the stomach ha:, been meantime suffi? ciently burdened. If some biting, heating sub? stance is swallowed, such as wine or brandy or spice or pepper, a sensation is imparted, which is mistaken for appetite, or craving for food, and the person appears to feel hungry. But this sensation is wholly artificial, and cannot be safely acted upon. This heatand false hun? ger can be kept up by stimulants until the stomach is distended to its utmost limit. It is, in fact, often kept up until vomiting super? venes, and in such cases relief comes with little delay. If vomiting does not follow over-eating ?as it does not once in a huudred times?the slow and tormenting fermentive process is about the only recourse left, and every dyspep? tic knows how wretched this process can render a human being. Perhaps the silliest thing in life is to expect to give the overworked stomach strength through medicine. It would be altogether iun * ny, if it were not so serious an affair, to hear medical men gravely suggest iron and bitter tonics and ales, for the relief of persons who complain that their food distresses them. The truth is, that all the iron of all the mines in all the world, all the bitters that were ever brewed from alcohol herbs and roots, all the tonics that were ever fabricated; all the ales which were ever made from hops and malt and muddy wa? ter?never could and never will cure a single case of dyspepsia. All these things irritate the stomach, just as they would irritate the eye if great care were not taken to keep them out of the eye. They do harm always, because they lessen the power of the stomach for healthy work. The true way to be happy in the possession of a stomach is to forget that there is such an institution. Here lies the trouble. The stom? ach will not let you forget its existence, unless you deal reasonably with it. If you sit down to a dinner of several courses, the chances are that you will eat too much. If you barely taste of a dozen different articles of food at a meal, you probably give the stomach more to do than it is capable of doing; The temptations to eat largely are immense when the articles are nu? merous ; and a small amount of each single ar? ticle makes up a formidable aggregate. We have heard of an old gentleman who ear? ly became a dyspeptic by the use'of stimulants and over-feeding. He ran the guantlet of "remedies," but got no relief. Finally, he re? sorted to one meal of good, wholesome food each day, and was cured. Not a twinge of dys? pepsia for nearly twenty years I We do not advocate one meal a day for dys? peptics. But we do say that we ordinarily ex? pect our stomach to do more than one day's work in a day. We give it more food to digest than it can take care of. If we could let it rest at night, while we are resting, it would be a grand thing; but late dinner and suppers in? terfere with this. The result is that we wake up with a general feeling of lassitude and nau? sea, or headache and want of appetite for the early meal. It would be otherwise if we took our heartiest meal not later than two o'clock in the afternoon and afterward fasted till morn? ing. We should find ourselves great gainers in comfort, in sweet sleep, in bodily vigor, if wo would eat not more than two kinds of food at each meal, not oftener than twice in twenty four hours, and let the last meal of the day oc? cur so long before retiring, that digestive labor need not be demanded in the hours set apart for repose.?Hall's Journal of Health. Tomato Culture.?As the majority of per? sons esteem tomatoes, aud no garden is com? plete without them, the following hint as to their culture is in^ place, and first, strong and healthy plants can only be had by good, strong land. The plants should not be allowed to waste their strength by running to vines, and by pinching the tips good fruit will be the re? sult. Trellises should be given the plants, for if allowed to lay on the ground the fruit will be inferior in size and not so abundant. Trel? lises can be made in a variety of ways and with but little trouble. ? "The best rule," says a wise writer, "is to say all the good we can of every one, and to refrain from saying evil, unless it becomes a clear mattter of duty to warn. Slander is a sin much worse than theft. We should no more bite one with our words than v/ith our teeth. An angry word is worse than a blow often, and a satirical word is like a sting." ? Many definitions there have been of a gentleman, but the prettiest and most pathetic is that given by a young lady. "A gentleman," says she, "Is a human beiag combining a wo? man's tenderness with a man's courage." ? A veteran shopkeeper says that although his clerks are very talkative during the day, they arc always ready to shut up at night. The Duty of the Grand Jury. The duties and responsibilities of grand ju? ries are much more important than commonly supposed. In these present times, it seems to be the general impression that all the grand jury has to do is to pass upon the bills handed to them by the Solicitor or Attorney General, visit the jail, and, with lightning speed, look through the various public offices, and conclude their labors by making to the Court what is called a presentment, in which general and vague terms only are used, pocket the money for their jury tickets, and go home. This is a great mistake, as will be readily seen by ana? lyzing the terms of the oath which they are required to take: "You shall diligently enquire and true pre? sentment make of all such matters and things as shall be given you in charge: the State's counsel, your fellows, and your own, you shall well and truly keep secret. You shall present no one for envy, hatred or malice; nor shall you leave any one unpresented for fear, favor, affection, reward or hope of reward; but you shall present all things truly as they come to your knowledge according to the best of your understanding. So help you God." Passing upon the bills handed out by the State's attorney is the simplest part of the du? ty of the grand iury. The witnesses are all furnished to hand in these cases, and all they have to do is to call them in their regular or? der, until all have testified, or until they are satisfied the charge has been made out. But is this all ? By no means. Only such cases are made out and handed to the grand jury as are instituted by some prosecutor, who has com? menced proceeding either because he regards himself wronged personally, or because of ill will towards the accused; but what is to be done about that large class of offences, gene? rally of the gravest sort, in which no particular individual is directly or personally interested, and which because it is everybody's business is nobody's business? It is clear that unless somebody or some officer brings such cases to the attention of the Court, offenders of this class will go unwhipped of justice, and this class of crime will rapidly increase. In our opinion, it is the duty of the grand jury "to diligently enquire and true presentment make" of all such cases. Then upon their present? ment it will be the duty of the State's attor? ney to frame and give out a bill, either at that or some other Court. All their enquiries and investigations are secret; every ?member hau sworn not to divulge what is going on in the grand jury room or elsewhere; they shall pre? sent no one for envy or other dishonest motive, nor leave any unpresented through fear, favor, affection, or reward or hope of reward, but shall present all things truly, according to their best judgment. The grand jury now serve for a whole year, so that their labors and investi gations are not confined to the sitting of the Court; but they may make their investigations between Courts, that is "diligently enquire," whenever it suits their convenience, ana "true presentment make" at the next Court. They hold their office for one year, while some other officers hold for two and three year%. What they caunot do at the sitting of tbe Court, they may do during vacation, as a body, or they may refer the investigation to a commit? tee of their number. But our object in writing this article is to impress upon the grand jury the duty*of not waiting for the Solicitor to bring bills of in? dictment before them, but to euquire into all violations of the law themselves, and present all the facts, with the names of offenders and witnesses to the Court, so that bills of indict? ment may be given out and the guilty parties punished. If each member of the grand jury in his neighborhood would make a minute of all violations of the law coining within his knowledge?such as selling liquor without a license, and offences committed by trial justices and constables, in failing to do their duty, or making overcharges for fees, &c., and report the same to the whole body at its next meet? ing, the grand jury, scattered as it is all over the County, would soon become a terror to evil-doers, and crime would be greatly lessened throughout the country. The class of crime from which our State has been suffering, almost unto death, ever since the new regime, and from which it is still suffering yet, is that very prevalent class of corruptions, defalcations, and stealings in all sorts of ways, committed by the public officers. As a general thing, no particular individual is personally interested, to such an extent as to induce him to make the necessary investigation preparatory to the institution of a prosecution, and hence steal? ing goes on. Officers are getting rich upon their ill-gotten gains, while the people are be? ing taxed to death. We repeat that it is the duty of the grand jury to investigate this class of crime witlrout waiting for any indictment to be given out; and, if necessary, it is their duty to pursue their investigations throughout the whole year, either as a body, or by a commit? tee. This course is being pursued in Charles? ton and almost all over the State.?Kingstree Star. A Case for Allowances.?I have been op? posed to slavery ever since I sat on my father's knee, and was taught by him that slavery was the greatest possible wrong; but when, in New Orleans, last Wednesday, I for the first time saw negro legislators, I was unpleasantly star? tled. What, then, must have been the feelings of men who saw blacks but lately their own slaves preferred before them for office, set over them in authority, making laws for them?and making them very badly at that?openly plun? dering the State, bribed by rascally whites, and not merely enjoying, but, under the lead of white adventurers, snamefully abusing place and power? Even in 1874, iu one of the Northern Parishes, the republican candidates for sheriff and parish judge could not write.? The negroea on many parish juries (supervisors of counties) are totally illiterate, yet they have complete power over the parish taxes, roads, bridges and all county matters. Negro juries are called to sit upon intricate cases of com? mercial law and other matters which even in? telligent men find it difficult to understand; and the black man himself has, it would seem, an instinctive appreciation of the absurdity of this, for it is notorious that a negro criminal always asks his counsel to get a white jury, if possible, to try him.?Charles Nordhoff. Popular Fallacy.?Perhaps the worst popular fallacy with regard to newspapers is that generally entertained that newspapers ought to be printed and published in the inter? est of the community?particularly the indi? gent portion of the community. Churches, poor houses, asylums and all sorts of charitable enterprises run to the newspaper for gratuities, as a child runs to its mother for help. Politi? cians, office-seekers and scallawags generally count on the unpaid support of the newspapers. Now a newspaper, to be worth anything as a business enterprise, should be printed in the in? terest of its proprietor?just as much as the merchant should run his business in his own interest alone. This popular fallacy has been largely bred by the establishment of party and personal organs, that live by begging support, and other newspaper mendicancy. A Leaf from the History of Reconstruction. Mr. Robert Dale Owen contributes to the June number of the Atlantic Monthly a scrap of political history, which affords a singular flW tration of how great event may hinge upon tri? fling incidents. In his article, which he enti? tles "Political Result from the Varioloid," he explains how a slight attack of that disease, from which the late William Pitt Fessenden, of Maine, suffered in the Spring of 1866, chang? ed the whole complexion of American politics during the past nine years, and is apt to exer? cise its influence for many years to come. The story is very curious and interesting. At the time indicated, says the Charleston News and Courier, Mr. Fessenden was Chairman of the Committee or Reconstruction in the Senate, and Thaddens Stevens was Chairman of the Committee in the House of Representatives. The two committees were very frequently in joint session, and, in addition to other matters connected with the reconstruction of the late Confederate States, had the question of negro suffrage under consideration. Mr. Owen says that he proposed to the Committee an amend? ment to the Constitution, providing that no class of persons should be denied the right of suffrage "because of race, color, or previous condition of servitude" after July 4,1876. The idea of the proposition was that the negroes would be given the ballot in about ten years from the date of the ratification of the amend? ment, and on the Centennial of American In? dependence. Mr. Owens asserts that his sug? gestion was favorably received by. very many of the prominent and influential Republicans, in? cluding Henry Wilson, Conkling, Boutweli, Washburne, Thaddeus Stevens, Mr. Bingham,, of Ohio, and the then Senator Howard, of Michigan. All the Republican members of the committee agreed to it, and the amendment, substantially as submitted by Mr. Owen, was adopted in committee on Saturday, April jfy, 1866, and ordered to be reported to Congress on the following Monday. Mr. Fessenden was kept away from this meeting of the committee by his illness from varioloid, and it was sug? gested that, as he was Chairman of the Senate Committee, it would only be courteous to defer final action until he could be present. Nobody but Mr. Stevens thought there would be any harm in waiting a day or two, and the commit? tee adjourned over. He was inclined to object to the postponement of an important measure on a mere formality, but he thought that objec? tion would come with a bad grace from him as Chairman of the House Committee, andjaccor dingly he remained silent. That loss of a few hours was fatal to the amendment. The senti? ment of the committee and the nature of the proposed legislation had leaked out, and the timid Republicans at once brought to bear up? on the committee, a pressure for the suppres? sion of the report. Negro suffrage was in those days too advanced a position for even good Re? publicans to occupy, and the end was that the committee report never saw light. In this way, we are told, the hesitation of the Republicans in Congress, who were afraid of negro suffrage ten years hence, secured it seven years sooner than was contemplated by Mr. Owen's proposition. The effect of Mr. Fessendcn's illness was to postpone the pro? posal of the suffrage amendment till February 26,1869, and then it came in a form that gave the negroes the ballot immediately upon the ratification of the amendment. Home Conversation. Among home amusements the best is the good old habit of conversation, the talking over events of the day, the bright and quick play of wit and fancy, the story which brings the laugh, and the speaking the good and kind and true things, which all have in their hearts. It is not so much by dwelling upon what members of the family have in common, as by bringing each to the other something interesting and amusing, that home life is to be made cheerful and joyous. Each one must do his part to make conversation genial and happy, We are too ready to converse with newspapers and books, to seek some compan? ion at the store, hotel, and club room, and forget that home is auything more than a place to sleep and eat in. The revival of conversa? tion, the entertainment of one another, as a roomful of people will entertain themselves, is one secret of a happy home. Wherever it is wanting, disease has struck into the root; there is a want which is felt with increasing force as time goes on. Conversation in many cases is just what prevents many people from relapsing into utter selfishness at their firesides. This conversation should not simply occupy husband and wife, and other older memoes* of the family, but extend itself to the children. Parents should be careful to talk with them, to enter into their life, to share their trifles, to assist in their studies, to meet them in the thoughts and feeling of their childoood. It is a great step in education, wheu around the evening lamp are gathered the different mem? bers of a large family, sharing their occupa? tions with one another, the older assisting the younger, each one contributing to the enter? tainment of the other, and all feeling that the evening had passed only too rapidly away. This is the truest and best amusement. It is the healthy education of great and noble char? acters. There is the freedom, the breadth, the joyousness of natural life. The time spent thus by parents, in the higher entertainment of their children, bears a harvest of eternal blessing. The Largest Farm in the World.?This is rather a large claim to make, even in this country where real estate lies around in par? cels of considerable size, but according to the St. Louis Republican it may be fairly applied to the estate of Geo. Grant, founder of the Vic? toria Colony in Kansas. His farm embraces the whole County of Ellis, is largerttban any dukedom of Europe, and contains 576,000 acres. Mr. Grant devotes himself principally to stock raising, and has accomplished a great deal by the introduction of the best blooded stock and exhibiting the best methods of rear? ing, feeding and improving the foreign and do? mestic breeds of horses, cattle and sheep. He has just wintered 7,000 sheep, with a loss of less than one per cent, the secret of his success lying in providing good shelter. He is the owner of the thoroughbred stallion, Flodden, valued at $25,000, the father of which won the Derby race in I860. He has just purchased for his farm thirty odd brood mares in Ohio, Virginia and Kentucky, and he has $250,000 invested in stock. Among the large number of resident colonists and stockraisers who have purchased land of him, and are now raising stock in Victoria Colony, are many young men of prominence, both in this country and Eng? land. The Hon. Walter Maxwell, younger son of Lord Herries, of Everingham Park. York? shire. England, owns two sections, and is com? fortably settled down to the healthful life of the ranchero. Then there are three bachelor sons of a Derbyshire clergyman, and the nephew of the Earle of Winchelsea, who is now on his way from England to take up his home there. ? A flow of words is no proof of wisdom.