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-HUB AtlO'l 11 i gto Bn&tyM&wt |ara?j} ^wjjwp?r--Stt*U? frt^, f toter*, ^xMtvxt m& &mxiA ?ntt\\i$wtt, *? w/ _ ? ? ? ? - - ? - - - ? - .? ? ? ? --? ? ? - - ? j?OYT &> OCX. Proprietors. ANDERSON 0. H., S. C.. THURSDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 16, 1871. VOLUME VLT.?NO. 20. Toe State Agricultural ana Mechamcal-Society. .Xhe following address by the President, Qen. Johnson Hagood, was delivered at the recent "annual meeting of the State Agricultural and Mechanical Society, ;ind briefly-epitomises the past history and future prospects of the organi ttanu ?} k .'a :? ' 11 ' "'u '" '1 ' Gentlemen of the Society : At the convention 'of agriculturalists and mechanics, held in this ci#t5n?pril/l$9?whicu ^Ttedln^ne forj matsott of this society it 'wnr-be remembered , there was a lengthy discussion as to fixing -the pinnaneofc place for holding our annual burs, ? The claims of Columbia and Charleston were warmlv pressed by their respective advocates} aid others leaned to the idea of making our peripatetic, holding them each year in diFerent Sections of the State, and in that town -.Vfhich would offer to the society, the greatest inducement for so doing. It was finally agreed tlat the first annual fair should be held in the city of Columbia, and after that, the matter be "Ten with the Executive Committee. mt of that convention lumbTa took the" mattei in hand; and first having submitted stion to the corporators, and meeting ^ritB^ieif approval, proceeded to earpehd near ?1,000 ir electing buildings tot our use. These buildings were erected' upon s tract of land formerly purchased by the City Council, and| improved:for the use of the: old State Agri? cultural Society, which, we have. succeeded.? 'The buildings then erected had been destroyed bvSheianan, during the late. war. Upon the iittfyjay.of our first &ir, the Mayor and Coun-j oilmen proceeded to these 'grounds and formal? ly turn jd them over to the Executive Commit "tee for the society,, and. afterwards deli vered a deed to the .sa^'effe^ nade.rjthe corporate .teal, which was accepted and recorded. f ^ r,? noj&JK society being onincorporated, the /Spec tM the premises was made to the three residea ? ihemtere of the Executive Committee, in trusi for our use, so long as we shall continue to hole thereon at least one annual fair,and no longer and it was especially provided that the. premises were not to be liable for the debts of the socie? ty, present or future; and were also to revert to the city.of Columbia, upon the dissolution of the society. At a subsequent meeting of the Executive Committee, preparatory to our second fair, they were warm-ly Urged to at least alternate be-j _ tween Charleston and Columbia.' As an'oriJ ginal proposition, the scheme commended itself .strongly; but the liberal action of-Colombia, and our" acceptance of then: deed, had decided .fc&e nutter. It was not contemplated to have : more than one fair in each year, and that must ib&iin Columbia. Accordingly, we have held Upon these grounds two fairs, and are noW ?holding the third?each of which, at a very moderate estimate, has caused to be expended ih the city of Columbia not le*a than $80,000. .further, upon the faith of this deed, your -Executive Committee, last year, laid out in completing the buildings between $2,000 and $3,000 of the society's funds, and this year have continued the improvement, with a smaller exj . It seems that a new Council, with different views, are now. in charge of Columbia, an^ re centry proceedings at law have been1 instituted ? toset aside the deed, and to rest ore the grounds i and buildings to the city. Your Executive ?Committee have employed counsel, and tb 'matter is before the conrts. I have thought i proper to bring it fully te the attention of the society, but care not to surmise or comment ..Upon the. motives which have induced this ac ? tion; The complaint alleges that the deed -'"was executed in fraud of the public, political -/and municipal rieht? and duties of the said city \6t Columbia, in bad feith towards it as a pubr ; lie municipal corporation, created by the stat? utes of the State for political purposes, towards tjb? 8tato and corporators, of :.ne city of Colum? bia, and founded in a fraudu lent and illegal as -sumptitm of power." These are grave, though somewha^25apfiBrt'^lSS^vr If/it is meanf J that this society lias in tbu remotest degree "^mrpp^es^or directed tb( other objects' than- those expressed-i u ^r?on^4tu^n, vi*4 ^devejopennd propeto the entire material interest of the-State, V?p i<j ..founded. Jfcis,undou^tedly1: true that a, Jargs of tbe-politicaiwUb of :-lAedominant party ji Hdrotty and State, and-wouid prefer tbat othet n and measure! should control onr destinies; ; this is- necessarily the case whenever' the ^payers, the land-owners, or "Wir" capitalist* nfctioritb Carolins, are fully represented: On "?&er and proper occasions, they, as citizens, ? fcave and no doubt vriil again seek to enforce their views of .State policy}' But this society as such has so far been free from the contamina? tion of politics; end I had hoped, and still hope, never to see it dragged m its mire. An adverse decision of the courts will only cause - our meetings and fairs to be leid elsewhere;] and^gfltt?ln C^rlestoh dr:Ju some one of] the u5wns*"dr the U^ber country, is a question fjjietsociety can decide when it arises, .tit// 1 i" Am are. questions of more immediate* find greater importance which demand eonside.*a tion at this meeting. Th.ey relate ? to our fu n damental organization; and in the opinion of -ciSPf? Executive CoraJmttee,.mxin their favora? ble solution at an early date defends not only the continued usefulness of our organization, but, iu all probability, Us: cont .cued existence. By our constitution, members are classed as *Ttonorary,life and annual. The first contribute *^tiiingf the second contribute $10 upon admit ace and nothing afterward; and annual mem _ .raare thoae /who,^tending onr fairs,, con? tribute $2, and'for the week are entitled to ad? mittance to the fair; and for one year to all the! -other privileges of the. society, without obliga? tion to continue their contributions beyond that geriod. The fond from lifo members since our I ret meeting has been insignificant, and has been expended in the initial expenses of the society. Our resources arc, therefore, limited to the fund from annual members, who are in fact nothing more than purchasers of season tickets to Our fairs, and to the admission fees of casual daily visitors to the same. We Have heretofore charged nothing for exhibition of articles, stalls for cattle, Sec., nor do I deem it i advisable that we should; and we receive no\ aid from the State, as former societies have done. Thus practically our resources are com? prised in the single item of gate money. This fund, in a series of well managed fairs, will, I. .feel satisfied, be sufficient for our cxponses, es i pecialiy if it can be taken to combine auch proper amusements with our agricultural and ?mechanical exhibition as will make the annu? ally recurring fair an occasion for the social re Union of our people, as well as of technical in? struction. But for any single fair this resource is certainly precarious. Bad weather, depressed markets, or any other occasional incident, may cut short our receipts at the.gate after the ex? penses of a fair have been incurred, and leave for the year a serious balance against us. Our society is also, as has been already meutioncd, unincorporated, and heretofore it has been thought undesirable to apply for a charter. Under this organization, your Executive Committee have, up to this time, in each year, incurred obligations upon their personal credit (the society as such has none) to ah amount equal to. at least three-fourths of' the expenses 'of the fein say $3,000 to $4,000, before the fair j^^arfeMpehexi;1 Tlfeir account of expendi? tures and receipt during the/Week cannot be <ma,do\upt.flnfi,l j^e.fair'is.ov^r 'ah'd'the society has adjourned. If the balance is against us, it has to be provided for at once; and this calls for an, advance amount by. the committee from "their private resoiu^es, looking to the society for reimbursement at their next meeting, twelve 'mon ths. At our first fair, in consequence of the life member Fund, our receipts exceeded our ex? penses by between $2,000 and $3,000. This amount, as stated, was expended in necessary additions to the buildings upon the fair grounds. At our second fair, the balance was against us by about $1,000, which amount the Executive Committee raised upon their personal credit in bank, and paid. Jt remains to be seen how the account with this fair will stand. The deficit of the second fair is secured, in addition to the general obligation of the society, by the indi? vidual guarantee Of certain spirited members given in advance; bat the Executive Committee hoped that it could be met without calling upon the guarantee by the increased income from this fair; and to that end, they have -sought to swell the receipts at the gate, not on? ly by offering to visitors the interest of an in? creased agricultural and mechanical display, but also such amusements as are known to be popular; and, when guarded from abuse, are, by an enlightened public opinion, deemed un? objectionable. I have no hesitation in saying, that an asso? ciation thus organized and thus working, must be short lived; and I am confident that I ex- j ?resB the matured opinion of every friend of 16 society, who has given thought to the sub? ject. Your present Executive Committee, which has been substantially unchanged, from the be? gin ning,-are<xmvinced of it; and if the effort is to be made to continue as we have been doing, with unabated interest in the objects and wel? fare of the society, they are compelled to ask for relief by rotation in the responsibilities of office. This condition of affairs was laid before the society at its hut meeting, by a report of the Executive Committee, in which they proposed a remedy, which they then thought, and still think, will meet all difficulties, and place our association upott an assured financial basis en? abling it to extend its sphere of usefulness. I allude to the scheme of an auxiliary joint stock, association,' with a capital sufficiently large to enable the society to extend its operations, as well as to give it a reserved fund, from the in? terest of which contingencies may be met.? This scheme of an auxiliary association met with the approval of the society, and was adopted by resolution. Committees were ap? pointed to solicit subscriptions; and it was fur? ther resolved, that the Executive Committee be authorized to call a meeting of stockholders as soon as the amount of stock taken will war? rant their doing so. This meeting was called I in May last at Columbia, and the amount of stock authentically reported to be subscribed was found to be about $7,000. Many of the County committees failed to report, though it was stated some of them had been successfully at work. From the information thus loosely furnished, the whole subscription would not hare exceeded $16,000. $30,000 was deemed the lowest amount at which an organization would be authorized, and the stockholders ad? journed, having first directed the President of your society to appoint, at his discretion, a salaried agent to canvass the State for subscrip? tions. This appointment he has not made, thinking, upon further consideration and upon consultation with the Executive Committee,) that at that time of the year, and with the scarcity of money among us, induced by the low prices of the previous crop, the object of the stockholders wonld not have been advanced. Thus the matter now stands; and I know of nothing which will be brought before you at this meeting which, in my opinion, claims at r)ur hands, more prompt and decisive action, respectfully recommend that you give it pri? ority in- the order of your business. Since your last meeting, certain well known gentlemen of this State have, as?ociated them .seivcfrin .a Land and Immigration Company, and'finding it necessary', in the furtherance of' their plans, to raise a large fund, they have.un-' dertaken to do it by a series of drawings' and j concerts"aTthe"?725femy*?f Music in Charles? ton. -Their enterprise isTJ?Wr in this stage. In its inception, they .applied -to your. Executive Committee to conduct, their operations under the auspices of this Society, stating that their purpose was to raise $100,000, and pledging themselves to devote the entire proceeds, less $10,000, to the immediate Introduction of actual settlers into the State. The $10,000, they pro? posed, if successful, to devote to a subscription to yonr joint Stock auxiliary association. The .committee assented to the proposition, and their action- is submitted to the society. Upon this subject of immigration, since the war, we have talked much and accomplished little.? .The State Bureau of Immigration, and the Im? migration Convention of May, 70,' in Charles? ton, have not resulted, as far as known, in the introduction of a single immigrant The dew? berry Immigrant Association, which was en? dorsed by our society, as the central organiza? tion of the State, and auxiliary to which we recommended the different counties to form other associations, after meeting with some suc? cess, nas apparently ceased its operations. Pri? vate enterprise, with the stimufous of private gain,, may, in this instance, effect something more towards increasing our white population by desirable accessions from abroad, and the high character of the gentlemen engaged in the '.enterprise is a sufficient guarantee of their good faith. ' Every one interested in the subject must save noticed with pleasure, not unmingled with sur? prise, the remarkably accurate prognostications of the weather that daily emanate from the chief signal office at Washington. These re? ports have been heretofore compiled and dis? seminated chiefly in the interest of commerce. A communication has been received from'Gen. Myra, chief signal officer of the army in charge, Btating his desire to extend the benefit of them to the agricultural interests of the country, and inviting the co-operation of this I society. His invitation was cordially accepted, and at his request a committee has been ap? pointed to confer with him when necessary, upon such plans and improvements as may be deemed important and necessary. The propri? ety was also suggested of establishing a subor? dinate centre from which the daily papers would readily convey the weather telegraph to j the most important agricultural sections of the State. In the recent, death of the Hon. W. S. Hcn I ery, our society has to lament the loss of an active and efficient member, and the State a valued and devoted son. Mr. Henery was a native of Beaufort, S. C, and early in life re? moved with his family to Charleston, where he was apprenticed to the machinist's trade. . By the steady application of those qualities which win success in all employments, ne became the master of extensive workshops, and won there fard and confidence of the community ? n which e lived. Before the war, he more than once worthily represented Charleston! in the State Senate, and he was always among the foremost in anything Ixwking.to her good or the welfare, of the State.at Lirge. JHe was one of the found? ers of thisSj^ety/and'eerved upon the Execu tive Committee from tfye.beginning until his1 untimely death; 'The ijuiet, unassuming de? portment of the Christian gentleman, the prac? tical and valued counsel of the man' of busi? ness, was familiar to you ail. Cut off in the grime of manhood.'tie loss of such. a man is ard to be replaced. " I In conclusion, gentlemen, permit me to ex? press the heartfelt pleasure with which I again greet you. De voted bv taste and circumstances /to agriculture, and feefing a profound | interest in all that relates to the advancement of the material interests of our State, I must confess that the attractions of our fahr grounds, and the interest in the able remarks and discussions that mark your sessions in this hall, hold with me a position to which the social feature of our meetings is not secondary. Our lots are cast' in a period, of transition. The old has, passed away; the new is not yet fully taken on. The nature of our pursuits disperses us widely, ana keeps as much at home, while there is that in our history and in our future, which, for a long tune to come, must make us a peculiar people.' Let us have at least our one annual occasion for congenial interccoree? to look into each oth? er's faces and grasp each other's hands. Devo? ting every energy to the restoration of our broken fortunes, availing ourselves of every moral aid to plaee the State?which we have, perhaps, loved not wisely hut too well?among the foremost in enlightened progress, surely it may be permitted us to be something of the Bourbon in our social relations. Forgetting nothing that was good in a past civilization, let us learn nothing in the new that is incon? sistent with the sentiments of rij;bt and honor, which characterized the Carolinian of a former | day. .Masonry in the United States.?When and'where the order of Masonry was first in? troduced into the United States appears to' be a matter of some doubt, even among the best irformed of the fraternity, and the fact that, prior to the year 1717, 'lodges were not com? pelled to keep any regular.record, leaves no au? thentic date whereby to trace its origin. It is generally conceded, however, that Masonry in toe United States dates from die year 1788. when the right honorable and most worshipful Anthony, Lord Viscount Montague, grand1 master of the grand lodge of England, on ap? plication of several brethren residing in New England, appointed and constitotedjtne Bight Worshipful Henry Price as provincial grand I master over-all the ledges in New England, who,' on the 30th of July, 1733, constituted the first grand lodge of Freemasons ever opened on the American continent. This was known as St. John's grand lodge, which title it retained until it was united in 1792 with the grand lodge founded by the earl of Dal hocsie, grand master of Scotland, of which Gen. Joseph Warren, who fell at the battle of Bunker Hill, was the first grand master in the United States. He was a successful dry goods merchant, and is generally looked upon as the father of Masonry in the United States. The order rapidly spread, J and before the end of the last century a num? ber of the States.boasted of their grand lodges and grand commandaries. George Washington was a member of the Masonic fraternity for, nearly half a century. He was initiated on the 4th of November. 1752, a few months be? fore attaining his majority, in Fredericksburg lodge. During the revolutionary war he was a j frequent visitor to the army lodge, and in 1778, ? when the gran d lodge of Virginia was formed, he was chosen grand master, but declined the position. In 1788,; the Alexandria lodge, at Alexandria, Va., was chartered, anc.Gen. Wash- I ington became its first master, and was one of | its members at the time, of his death. The lodge still preserves his apron, gavel and other relics of the a father of his country,!' among Its sacred treasures. In 1793 Washington assisted i u laying the corner-stone of the national Capi? tol, wearing a Masonic apron made and pre? sented to him by the wife of Lafayette. it) ,7377; . -m 0' r ... Doctors and their Fees.?-Only quacks advertise, "No cure, no ppiy^.i.All honorable physicians charge for their time, and trouble in proportion tp.;their, talent and;.reputation,..no matter whether tie patient remains sic*, gets better, gets worse, or dies, r. \i 1 Many physicians make a discrimination in regard to these charges, according to the wealth of the patient; "and this appears no more than fair, as a poor mania not able to pay as much as a rich man. Not that his life is worth less; it may be worth more) for all that, as the poor man may perform, useful labor, while, the rich man may be a useless consumer of the goods of creation ; but that ought not to cause a physician to charge a rich man less, as the best rule for them is, to let the rieh pay tor the poor and to help the very poor for nothing, as all respectable doctors actually do. ' The Medical OateUe reports that previous to the thirteenth century the law regulated the fee for doctors proportionally to the rank of the Eatient; so for curing a bishop or local chief, e had forty-two co we, and for a member of the lowest rank: only six. cows. This was for seri? ous complaints ; for slight, complaints, it was less in propqrtiOD, and if no cure was per? formed, there was no pay... ? " ' .. Die Lewis declares that our present system of employing doctors is all wrong, and advises people to make contracts with them at $200 for each family, and a deduction of two dollars for each case of sickness. This is the Chinese system. .There, every family of note has its physician, who has a salary of a certain sum per head, to keep them all, in good health. The amount of this salary is according to the sociali condition of the family and the reputation of] the doctor. As soon as a member of the fami-1 ly is sick, his share in the salary is stopped, and not commenced again before his health is restored. It is seen that the doctors in China i are'not encouraged to protract the aickness of J rich persons, as is the case with us. Habits.?There is nothing that clings so pertinaciously' to an individual as habits ac? quired in early youth. The boy who lounges away his evenings on the corner, in the lager beer saloon, or in idle and unprofitable conver? sation, is laying up for himself a store of mise? ry which, will plague him the rest of his life, and the youth who, at eighteen, makes the hu? miliating confession that he is already so completely the slave to tobacco or ardent spirits, that he cannot give them up, is to be regarded with pity. Good habits acquired in early life arc just as lasting as bad ones. The young man who spends his evenings at home, in pleasant and profitable study, or in the company of I those from whose associations he will learn on? ly that which is good and ennobling, roust have a depraved heart and taste if he does not be? come a good and useful man. Snch thoughts as these should be pondered well by the young men of the present generation, so many of whom are wasting precious moments and hours in worse than profitless pursuits. The Reported Over Issue of South Carolina Bonds. The annexed article appeared in the New York World of the 5th Inst,, and as its allega* tions bare been the Bubject of discussion al? most every day;.since, we transfer it without mutilation to our columns that bur readers may be informed as to tho exact charges made against out State officials: , For several days past the most startling ru? mors have been afloat in financial circles, and reflecting seriously upon the credit of the State of South Carolina. First, it was said that an immense over-issue had been made by Mr. Kimpton, the State financial agent. This was quickly followed by an announcement that ev? ery member of the State Government, from the Governor down, had arrived in the city. These statements and facts had snch a powerful effect on the market that the bonds of the State fluc? tuated as violently as ever did gold during the uncertain days of the war, the tendency, how? ever, being to weaken the value of the bonds. Even after a most strict and thorough investi? gation, it seems almost impossible to give a re? ally connected statement of the actual condi? tion of affairs, but certainly the wildest reports yet promulgated do hot exceed what is appar? ently true, to judge from all that can be learned ?from moat trustworthy sources. As tacts about which there is no question it may first be stated that the American Bank Note Company of this city, have printed bonds of the State of South Carolina to the amount of $20,046,000, which have been passed into the possession of Mr. Kimpton ; that for some pur? pose the several members of the State Govern? ment are in the city, and that other gentlemen of wealth, to whom the credit of the State is a vital question, are here watching their proceed? ings. It is said that Governor Scott on being questioned in relation to the printing of this great amount of bonds admitted that they had Seen printed, but denied that all bad been is? sued, although he was unable or unwilling to Say what the amount of the issue really was. Those who charge the over-issue here step in with the question. "What was the object of printing these bonds if it was not the intention to use them, and if there is no informality why let the credit of the State be hazarded by with? holding the' facts V There was only one way in which Che bonds could have been legally is? sued, and that was nnder cover of an act auth? orizing loans for the purpose of takiug up oth? er bonds of the State, but it is said that no part ol the money yet raised has been used for any snch purpose, and that the debt which the tax Gyers' convention of May last discovered to about $12,000,000, was so fearfully increased that the State was absolutely insolvent, or rath? er would be, if it should assume the responsi? bility of paying the debt which has been heap? ed upon it However, it is highly improbable that the tax-payers ever will consent to saddle themselves with such a responsibility, as they have already expressed a determination not to assume an indebtednes of over $8,000,000.? Taken in connection with the present reticence of the South Carolina Government officials, the following incident casts suspicion upon their integrity: During the session mentioned above of the tax-payers' Convention a request was made to Mr. Parker, State Treasurer, for permiflaion to examine the accounts of his de? partment, to which he consented, with much show of earnestness, but when the committee, to whom had been delegated the duty of inves? tigation, called upon him after the adjournment of the Convention, he positively refused to let them see a single book. It is admitted that up to the present time it has been impossible to point conclusively to any delinquencies, as about the same strategy is resorted to as that adopted by the robbers of this city to conceal malfeasance in office. This Parker, who is a Northern man or carpet-bag? ger, went to the State of South Carolina about three years ago a poor man, and during that time, on a salary of $3,500 per annum, has ac? cumulated about $1,000,000; and so with all the other members of the State Government? from poor men they have risen to great wealth. Mr. Kimpton, the financial agent, it is asser? ted, brings claims against the State for commis? sions and services to the amonnt of some $4, 000,000,' and bo closely in league with him are the Other officers that they have not dared to resist'payment of his claim, although much of it has been proved to be for renewals of credit which have been made time and again, and "fori each of which transactions he has charged com? missions of various kinds amounting in the ag? gregate to about fifteen per cent., just the same as though they bad been new loans or .transac? tions. So in time his has in repeated commis* sions swallowed up more money than the origi? nal loans amounted to. One feature alone seems favorable to the State credit. It js asserted most positively, while admitting that Kimpton has made this frightful over-issue of bonds, that his operations have been carried on, not in the capacity of financial agent of the State, but on his own personal account, thus involving only his own personal credit. If this be true, then the en? tire over-issue could be repudiated without dis? credit to the State. Again it is charged that all the money the State has ever received from Kimpton for loans made by authority has been about 27 per cent, of the gross amount, the remainder having been retained by him as commissions, and that of what it did receive the State has had the benefit of very little, as most of it had been spent for all manner of useless and even profligate purposes. It is further said that the members of the Government have used all manner of devices to prevent facts from becoming known in this city that might raise suspicious as to the finan? cial integrity of the State, and thus make the bonds unmarketable. For instance, the.inter? est on a part of the debt is payable in New York and a part in Columbia, S. C. That fall? ing due recently in New York has been prompt- J ly paid, while not one cent has been received in Columbia for the amount due there. Again it is found that the expenses of the last session of the Legislature remains yet un paid. It amounts to the very respectable sura of $800,000^ This was discovered by some gen? tlemen who began to wonder why no call had yet been issued for a meeting of the Legislature on the 27th day of the present month, as has been the custom heretofore. And they natur? ally concluded that apprehension of the dis? covery which would be sure to ensne when the Legislature met, had prompted the Governor to disregard his duty in this particular. To conclude, it should be stated that this in? formation is from a source which entitles it to the highest credit. The persons giviDg it ex presseo a confident beliet that a fraudulent is? sue amounting to $20,040,000 of the State bonds had been negotiated and tho money missapplicd, and were convinced that if it should prove that the State was involved to that amount it was utterly and irrevocably insolvent. ? Mrs. Patterson, daughter of Ex-President Johnson, and the agreeable lady of the White House during his occupancv thereof, has just taken the first premium for butter at her coun? ty fair in Tennessee. The Charleston Press and oar State Finances. I In relation to the reported over iasue of 8outh I Carolina bonds, the Charleston- Courier takes J strong!, ground in favor of repudiating every j j dollar of the debt .fraudulently contracted by j thejr^e^4dniinistration. Itaayg; .\ "No inan of comnion sense can beHeye, thai the fraudulent debt which' it" has been attempt* ed to -fasten upon fln'8 State ought ever to be paid. Repudiation is'the highest of moral duties when that repudiation is directed against a debt conceived in sin and fostered in iniquity ; a debt which, if acknowledged,.wpuld bankrupt our people" and enrich the hordes of adtentn rers who, havinj? drifted into this State on the waves of a revolution, have spent their time among us in the profitable business of plunder? ing our people. We owe it to ourselves,, we owe it to our families, we owe it to onr State, and to those who will come after us, to decline, many shape or form, at any time, or ander any circumstances, ever to .recognize-a single dollar of the debt which Robert K. Scott's Adminis? tration has fraudulently contracted. It' was done without the authority of those by whom the debt must be paid, if paid at all; in fact, was done without the consent of any one, ex? cept the New York and Columbia financial "King." The only remedy is repudiation, to which our people should, in our opinion, pledge themselves; not, as we have said before, of any h?hest debt of the State, but of those debts which Scott and his associates have, in viola? tion of law, of morals, and of decency, at? tempted to fasten upon our much afflicted State. There is no other remedy, and to fail to repu? diate is in the first place to offer a premium to fraud, and in the second to bankrupt the State. "We are not surprised that Governor Scott approved of Martial Law as a Republican.? We have no doubt that he would like to have enough of Martial Law. to enable him, if possi? ble, to prevent the repudiation of the debt of Messrs. Scott, Kimpton & Co., which he desires to fasten upon the State of South Carolina. As a Republican he desires to place South Carolina in a position from which she will never be able to recover, in order to accomplish his own pur? poses. Luckily for the State there is still one remedy left, which remedy cannot be prevented even by the cry of Ku Klux, and the remedy is Repudiation.'' Per contra, the Charleston Nevis takes a mod? erate view of the situation, and advises against rash conclusions. We make the following ex? tract from its leader on this subject: "Now, examining the four points which the World makes, ana admitting both the power and the unscrupulous character of the State officials, wC do not see that we have any cause for wild alarm. The attention which is direct? ed to our financial affairs will make it easier for the taxpayers to compel the production of a true exhibit of the State debt?an exhibit made by gentlemen who know their business, and whom, not -being connected with the State Government, the people are willing to trust: And we "shall find it less difficult than ever be-. . fore to give effect to purely defensive measures to the protection of the property-holders of the State. This is as far as it is prudent to go at present. There is cause for vigilance andfirra ness, but not for a panic We are not ready to assume for the sake of political effect, or as a newspaper sensation, that there is a fraudulent issue of $20,000,000 of State bonds. There may be an over-issue, but it is not $20,000,000, nor a fourth of that sum. Nor do we believe that the State owes Mr. Kimpton $4,000,000; nor can we admit, just yet, that the expenses of the last session of the General Assembly were $800,000, when we know that only $400, 000 were asked for, and that only $135,000 were actually appropriated. "We have not, we repeat, a particle of confi? dence in the State officials, but it is best for the fiublic interests.to move with calmness and de iberation, and upon a full knowledge of the facts. When we know the whole truth?and wo may count upon knowing it before long?it will be time enough to talk of resorting to the last measure of defence open to a plundered and hot over-wealthy people. The Lunatic Asylum.?On Wednesday last we visited this Institution, Dr. J. F. En sor, the able Superi ntenden t, showed us through the building, it is kept in thorough orderanc cleanliness, and everything appears to be don< which; ncience and industry and care can sug ges t for) the. comfort of the unfortunate inmates. I One of the new improvements, doe to the sagacity of Dr. Ensor, is the arrangement- for heating the whole building. The method ad; opted affords the advantage of heating the air without depriving it of its oxygen. < This is accomplished by means of furnaces, with flues leading up through the walls to each Corridor. Another great advantage of this method over that of stoves or common chimneys and fire {daces, is that the danger from fire is greatly essen ed We are satisfied from what we saw that it would be hard to find a man better adapted to the duties of this responsible position that Dr. I Ensor is, and we are sure no one could be more earnestly devoted to duty than he. Amid the reckless appointments to office of the prcseut State government, he stands out in bold relief as a noble exception of competency and devo? tion tc duty. We bad nearly forgotten to mention that we had the pleasure of meeting there our esteemed and talented young friend, Dr. Henry Sloan. Dr. Ensor did well in selecting him as his as? sistant. Of the estimation in which ho is held j by Dr. Ensor, it is enough to mention the sig? nificant fact that last summer, during the time when Dr. Ensor was absent inspecting the Asy I lams throughout the United States, Dr. Sloan was left in charge of the institution. And the j result justified that confidence, for everything went on, as usual, like clockwork. We predict for Dr. Sloan a bright and honorable future in his profession.?Ijcxington Dispatch, A Duelling Incident.?An indiscreet gen ! tleman, who had given offense to a young lady in Louisville, Kentucky, a few days since, was challenged by the this-is-to-be husband of the insulted. While the challenged party was reading the invitation to go out and be shot, his little daughter came up and said, "Papa, mother wants you." The father then turned to the challenge bearer, and said: "This is my little girl, wboee happiness and education and living would be taken from her were I to be killed. I have also a wife and baby whose wel? fare I must look to. This meeting, if fatal to me, would deprive them of their only support. My opponent is a young man, without wife, or children, or family. He has very little to lose." The cballenge-bearer was almost melted to tears. The picture just drawn was true to life, and he determined to return to his principal j and ask for a compromise^ The letter was a high-toned, chivalrous Kentucky gentleman, j whose heart at once responded to the appeal for mercy. A compromise was affected. It was agreed that the duel should be postponed till | the first party got married and became the father of children. Then they will both be on an equal footing and can tot each other cour? age. Carpet-Baggers in Florida.?Recent ih? vcstigations, says the Boston Pott, instituted by a convention of tax-payers in Florida, reveal a sad condition of financial affairs in thai State. So desperate are the circumstances, indeed, that something like1 proceedings in bankruptcy, of temporary repudiation at least, is suggested as the -only practicable measure of reliof, - The of the Stpte js. found to .have been in? creased in three years from about half a mil? lion to five and a half millions of dollars} by thfe recklessness and in competency with which the public affairs have been managed by the reconstractionists^-and the corrupt extrava? gance of expenditure in which the carpet bag adventurers who have ruled the State have in? dulged-. On a taxable property of thirty-five millions, and that a very arbitrary and over? estimated valuation, a tax has been levied for the current year of half a million of dollars, which is ab_oUt live dollars a head for the entire white population of the State; and they are the only portion of the people who are taxed. This is the State tax only. The county and municipal taxes will, it is said, in .the aggre? gate, reach anjecjual sum. Th^^rofitB ofpro duction, on the excess of receipts, Tor produce over and* above the absolute expenses, through? out the State, it is estimated, will no more than pay this tax. Consequently, if the tax be paid, the producers will be left without the means of support for their families and employees for the ensuing year. The profligacy of carpet-bag reconstruction rule is thus shown to be as ruinous almost as a devastating fire. And this deplorable state of things is aggrcvated by the fact that salaries, jurors' fees, etc., are paid in scrip, which is not receivable for taxes; and "what is still worse, every description of personal property is liable to be sold for taxes?agricultural implements, horses, cattle, household furniture, even bed*, everything that one may possess, with none of the exceptions usual in such cases. In view of these desperate circumstances, the Governor has been called upon to suspend the collection of taxes until the meeting of the Legislature, or in the event of his want of power to do that to call'an extra session of the Legislature for the accomplishment of the object through some temporary law. But no relief will be realized probably from that source. The adventurers who control affairs are wholly dependent upon what they extort from the people in the form of taxation. The credit of the State will no longer avail them, and the bonds of the State are unsalable in the market. < Southern Manufactures.?The New York Commercial. Advertiser says : If the crops of cotton continue to be what they have been, the South will take to manu? facturing as she never has done before. Noth ing else will be left to her if wisdom guides the investment of her capital and governs the direction of her labor. The negro in the field will produce cotton and corn, while factories will open an avenue to tue industriously dis? posed of the white and black race alike. There is no reason why manufactures there should not offer the same inducement to native labor at the South that they used to at the North. Cotton now comes to New England, and Is made up into fabrics which are returned to the South, burdened both ways with insurance, freight, the charges of middlemen, Ac Why should they not introduce machinery, and do the work at home ? And why should not mines be opened and worked, forests be wrought into wood work, and a score more of industries es? tablished by which natural products are made into merchantable goods ? There is an increase of capital at the South, and this will soon seek profitable investment. That it did not years ago operate in these channels was because of a want of knowledge and experience and a con? tent with the situation. It was the fashion to be a planter or a professional man.' Some tra? ders there were and some factors. But there was neither enterprise nor knowledge in manu? facturing, and so these establishments languish? ed. Under the new regime they will increase arid lie profitable, and population will be added to communities where they exist..thus benefit? ing the farming interest in a double way. How Often Should We Eat??A great many dogmatic rules have been laid down fe* speeding "the proper i.umber of meals" tobe eaten per day. It is very seldom we can make absolute rules in hygiene. The same rule doe* . uot suit every one.; as tbeold saw has it, '^What is one man's meat .is another man's poison." The principle holds true of the times of eating as well as of the food we eat. Three meals per -day are enough, and not too many for a major? ity of grown persons. Some are healthier and stronger with but two meals a day ;'and we hear of a crack-brained doctor in Boston who thinks that fife can get along with but one.? Even if he could do so, that is no reason why we should recommed his example as a rule for other persons to follow. There have been ra? ses where men have fasted for weeks, or even for months, and have kept their health; but their example does not prove that a week's fiwt is a good thing for ordinary mortals. The com? mon-sense principle, that each person should judge according to his own experience of how many meals he needs, is sufficient in most can? es. Children would generally be better off for eating four or five times a day; in some house? holds that we know, it is the practice to give them free access to the bread and-buiter pantry during the day, forbidding them any thing be? tween meals that would tempt the appetite too strongly. A child will not become a glutton upon bread and butter, and we can recommend this practice in the case of children whose ap? petites have a way of getting demonstrative be? tween meal-times. If they are really hungry, they can feed it this way to good advantage; if they are not hungry, they are prevented from stuffing themselves" because they have nothing else to do.?Exchange. ? Tell us not, in idle jingle, "marriage is an empty dream;" for the girl is dead that's single, and things are not what they seem. Life is real, life is earnest, single blessedness a fib; "Man thou art, to man retnrneth," has been spoken of the rib. Not enjoyment and not sorrow is our des? tined end or way, but to act that each to-mor? row finds us nearer marriage-day. Life is long, and youth is fleeting, and our hearts, though light and gay, still like pleasant drums are beat? ing wedding marches all the day. In the world's broad fields of battle, in the bivouac of life, be not like dumb, driven cattle?be a heroine?a wife! Trust no future, howe'er pleasant; let this dead past bury its dead ; act?act in the liv? ing present, hoping for a spouse ahead. Lives of married folks remind us we can live our lives as well, and departing, leave behind us such examples as will "tell"?such examples that another, wasting time in idle sport, a for? lorn, unmarried brother seeing, shall take heart and court. Let us, then, be up and doing, with a heart on triumph set; still contriving, still pursuing, and each one a husband get. ? It will afford sweeter happiness in the hour of death, to have wiped one tear from the cheek of sorrow, than to have ruled an empire, j to have conquored millions, or to have enslaved 1 the world.