University of South Carolina Libraries
A. I i 1 . 1 i ..' i Ibt the Anderson Intelligencer. Home Yiews. so. XT. The Nahantahala .Biverand valley have long been celebrated as a peculiar and favored haunt for sportsmen and stock-raisers in Western North Carolina, but is little known outside of "that immediate locality. The-river rises some ten orr twelve miles from Clayton, Gav Bettis' creek making up from, this side of the moun? tain, until it nearly reaches the head-spring of tffahantahala; but there is no. road, and visi? tors are forced to go by way .of Franklin, N. C, then take the Turnpike towards Murphy, ma? king a circuit of over forty miles, when if there "was a road graded across the mountain up Bettis' creek, this famous fishing and hunting Aground could be reached' in fifteen miles from Clayton. ? This river, as we have before stated;, is so -elevated that its bed is really but a trough be? tween two mountains?the level of: the Hiwas Bee on one- side, and the little Tennessee on the other, being hundreds of feet lower. For in? stance', in'approaching 'the river from the Hi wassee, vqu ascend by a winding road, it is true,the Tusquitta Mountain for four long miles, attaining a great elevation above the Hiwaesee, whilst the descent to . the Nahantn hala is short and easy, and certainly not more 'than one-half the elevation. Then leaving the Nahanmhala, the ascent of the mountain on the western side is -short and easy, whilst to reach the valley of the little Tennessee, at the source of -the Cartoojaja, takes seven long and difficult,miles. Having no means'of measure-, men; but the eye and distances. traveled, of -course no accurate opinion can be expressed ;' bat the strange elevation of this stream is and has long been noted by visitors and travelers. The course of the river is thirty or forty miles long, without cascades or falls, but one contin? uous, rapid descent until it empties into the little Tennessee, twenty:five miles below Frank Uo. This range of mountains, on both sides of this river, formed the great hunting and fishing grounds of the Cherokee Indians, and is yet most sparsely settled: indeed, for.many miles, with thousands of acres of rich pasturage lands, not a house is seen $ the only sign of visitation being a shelter for hunters or lick-logs for stock. Deer, bears and wildcats abound, with pheas? ants and quails for the hunter, and the speckled brook trout are so plenty that we fear to tell what was told to us?IrbriT'lifty to three hun? dred in one day's fishing was not unusual.?. The mountain girls mount their ponies and ride up rrom Hiwassee and Franklin, and actu? ally fish on horscbackj riding down the shallow stream, whilst the hardier race wade. It is not uncommon' when you throw your fly into the stream for several trout to strike, actually jump? ing clear of the water. This delightful summer, -retreat can now he reached -fron? Walhalla jtn <tCo &ysi easy travel, and w* hope, jn another season or two, from Clayton or Franklin. But the real lover of these excit ing' sports should; notwaH until a railroad ^haiLhring noisy and^proutittifoua- crowds, .but should go/now, and enjoy them in their present seclusion. For a colony of4 Swiss or Scotch'; we know of no place more desirable. The river affords, towards its head, large bodies of table lands of great fertility, some ten or twelve thousand acres, which can now be purchased at extreme? ly low prices. -The native pasturage is so fine that the stock-raiter actually cute the hay, (wild pea<vines,) slackest ^ the woods, and I uses it for any cattle, colt; or sheep he may leave there during the winter.. iThe. ?imber is most plentiful and really' magnufce?t?oak, hickory, popjar, birch, and some spruce or! Northern pine. Some ten or twelve thousand acres of this rich, alluvial laud can now, as we are informed;, be purchased for one Or two dol-J lars per acre! What an opportunity' for dairy and cheese.? purposes; but, underlying this rich soil, is the marvelous mineral wealth, almost indigeneus.to this river and adjacent country? gold, silver, copper and iron, with marble of every bue^among others, a flesh "tinted variety, which exactly resembles flesh and blood, and if used for statuary, would represent the perfect hue ancj tint of the human form.] -Besides, these different varieties of the marble contain gold and other-precious metals, cenfuiing. the f best of mineralogists. The climate is unsur? passed for health and vigor; with opportunities for wealth, and exciting and pleasurable sports, rarely equalled in any country. The medicinal herbs and roots abound, especially that root so prised in China that good specimens will com? mand fabulous prices and the common variety ?me dollar per pound, {Mandragora.) But, Mr. Editor, wc feel almost ashamed at the meagre description of this, marvelous sec? tion of Western North Carolina. People must come and see for themselves that our descrip? tion is not exaggerated. After a few hours of delightful sport with the trout in this celebrated river, having no appliances for cooking, we left and commenced the ascent of the mountain of the same name. We met persons driving cattle to market bo fat that they could scarcely breathe, and wondered ' why there were not thousands instead of hun? dreds, for the range is, or seemed to us to be, illimitable. The summit of this mountain, where the turnpike crosses, shows a remarkable elevation, in the size and growth of the trees, especially in the height, large chesnut oaks scarcely twetty feet high, with limbs branching off very near the ground. From this pdint Wo obtained the nest view of the Nabantahala Bald, the highest peak in the range, being, we ihould say, 6,000 feet above the level of the sea. The mountain is bare of timber for hundreds of feet, not from rocks or sterility of soil, but from its great elevation. The top and sides are covered with green grasses or shrubs, and affords fine pasturage and covers for game said to be abundant on the mountain. The view from the summit, which is accessible on horseback, is most extensive aud grand, and now often visited from Franklin. The descent of the spur which the turnpike crosses and down which we went, although well graded, is wild and in some places fearful. The immense gorge around whi?h it winds, in short and ab? rupt curves, seems almost bottomless, and in some places strong banisters are put up for the protection ;of travellers. To look down the diz?y height even requires some nerve, and a silent prayer for gentle horses, and strong ve? hicle and harpess. The descent is full seven miles to the valley of the Cartoojaja, About half way down the foliage is wonderful for luxuriance. We noticed a linden tree here and there, and numbers of the black birch, so noted for its aromatic.fragrance. But the wonder of this forest was the number and size of the cbesnut trees; we speak in bounds when we say that, along the road we saw at least fifty which would measure twelve to fourteen feet in the girth, and forty and fifty feet without limbs. At the foot of the mountain you find a habita? tion and a toll-g?fe, and a good road for ten miles, with nice farms and white houses in close proximity, until you reach the pleasant village of Franklin, where the party must be extremely fastidious not to be pleased with the free and generous hospitality of Mr. A., who seems to entertain the traveling public more for their company than for profit, if we may judge from his merely nominal charges. ?< Failure of Water Power in New England. For a series of years past a gradual change has been taking place in the motive power of New England factories. Formerly water power was the rule, now it is the exception.' Facto? ries were built and towns located solely with reference to the supply of water. Hives of in? dustry have* been established along the route <>f rivers and streams that afforded facilities for procuring a "head of water." Many districts in Massachusetts, Maine, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Connecticut have thus been rendered rich and prosperous which would otherwise have afforded only a scanty subsist? ence to a few farmers. No doubt it was the: extreme cheapness of the water power of New England'that first stimulated manufacturing in a region that is almost entirely destitute of all the raw materials used in industry. It is prob? able that -this section is very much more in? debted to the material and abundant supply of water than to tire artificial influence of the tariff and protection. But, however this may be, it is quite certain ?that the water supply of New England is grad? ually failing, aiiu that steam power is being more generally employed as a substitute. It is also apparent that this change is destined to continue with constantly increasing rapidity. Every winter enormous quantities of timber are cut down in the Maine and New Hampshire markets,: and.are floated down the river, and sawed and cut up for commerce to the imme? diate' profit no doubt of all concerned. But this change takes place at the expense of the water supply of vase regions. In a few years .it is probable that the. Connecticut .river" will cease to be navigable to Hartford, solely in consequence of the felling of forests in the country in the districts farther north where the .-iver has its source of supplies. We hear of streams that formerly flowed into the Connecti? cut year in and year out, turning- numerous ismall factories along their route, which are now converted into mere watercourses after a rain? fall, and which are actually dry nine months of the year. The Naugatuck Valley in the State of Connecticut, is now dotted all over with steam engiues in place of water power which formerly prevailed in that section. All this arises, of course, from the cutting down of trees. Twenty-five years ago this valley was full of valuable timber; now. there are very few trees in existence, and there is not sufficient water in nine months out of twelve. . The'changes which are taking place in New England are common all over the-country- and for the same reason. Our forests are disap? pearing with fearful rapidity, and with the in? evitable results of ruinous droughts in summer, and -disastrous freshets in'the spring and fall, and a general drying up of small streams ana a diminution of large rivers. ? In other coun? tries, as in Spain, Greece, AsiaMinof and Afri? ca, fertile districts have been rendered .unin? habitable in consequence of the destruction of trees.' The axe of the woodman is more de 'struqtiye to' wealth and population than the sword and fire of war. In France'the govern? ment was obliged to interfere and plant new forests in place of those destroyed by theshort ?Rtglrted 'Cupidity of "man*,' in order to restore large districts to fertility and- prevent ruinous inundations. In the not remote future it is probable that the United States government will be compelled to offer vast bounties for. ,the restoration of the forests to repair the ruin and wanton waste of which we are now so fatally indifferent. But, in the moan time, manufacturing indus? try is experiencing serious results from the.de pletion of the New England forests. The woolen und clothing trades.still feel the effects of the drought of last year, which stopped so many mills. The home cotton trade also ex? periences considerable fluctuation from the temporary deprivation of water power. This is .still going on to an extent that compels many manufactures to cast about as to the substitution of steam for water power. In too many cases the question has been already decided, and we hear of numerous mills that have been abandoned because it was not profit? able to replace the water wheel with a steam engine. But this is by no means general, and a large proportion of the machinery of New England is now driven by steam in place of water. This proportion must constantly increase. It there? fore becomes an important problem to New England manufacturers to what extent they may rely oh a cheap and abundant supply of coal. Unless this question is satisfactorily au- | swered it.is evident that New England indus? try must be seriously crippled. Upon this point we*had a significant illustration of the tendencies of-tinrumes in the almost unani? mous support by cdat dhtics in the last session of Congress. The Pensylvnnians naturally deemed this action inconsistent with the prin? ciples of protection, and complained accord? ingly. But protection is no longer, popular in New England. Unless cheap coal can be ob taid, her industry must be seriously crippled, and scores of manufacturing villages will bo deserted. It is the Banfe in - relation to wool, hides, dyes, chemicals, irori, steel and other raw materials. New England in self defence must soon commence agitation to obtain the privilege of buying her raw materials in the I cheapest markets, and it is destined to become j at no distant period the centre of the great ' Free Trade movement in the United States.? I U. f>. Economist and Dry Goods Reporter. The Great Fire in Chicago. Chicago Oct. 9.?It is impossible now to f;ive an approximate to a correct statement of osses, but a faint idea may be formed when it is' stated that every bank in the city, except two savings institutions on Twenty-second street, in the South division, and one oh Ran doph street, in the West division, are destroyed. All the wholesale stores, all retail establish? ments, the post office, Court House, Chamber of Commerce, every hotel in the South divis? ion, except the Michigan Avenue Hotel, which, standing on the extreme Southern limit, es? caped, though badly scorched, and every news? paper office?the Tribune building, which was supposed to be fire-proof, succumbed?every the? atre, six of the largest elevators, the immense depots of the Michigan, Southern and Illinois Central Railroads ; both the passenger and freight depots of the latter; more than a score of churches, and much of the shipping in the river?all destroyed. Men who were milliona ries yesterday are nearly penniless to-day, but more terrible than all is the certainty that many perished, in the flames. How many, no one can tell; perhaps no one will ever be able to tell, but it is known that several perished and there is only a heart-sickening fear that the victims will be counted by scores. Hundreds of horses and cows have been burned in stables; and on the North side, numbers of animals, though re? leased from confinement, were so bewildered and confused by the sea of fire which surroun? ded them that they rushed wildly to and fro, uttering cries of fright and pain, until scorched and killed. Any attempt at a description of the scenes of the appalling calamity would be' idle. The simple fact that the once great city of Chicago is destroyed; that hundreds of mil? lions of active capital here has vanished, and nearly one-third of Chicago's inhabitants are homeless and dependent?any attempt to em? bellish would be mockery. As this awful day draws to a close thousands of anxious eyes "watch the clouds of smoke which still roll over the burnt district with eridentdread that a sud? den change of wind may turn the flames on that Eortion of'the city yet spared. There seems, owevcr, little cause of apprehension of it, and firemeh from other cities are constantly arriv? ing. , Chicago, October .10.?One of the most pit? iful sights Was that of a middled aged woman,: on State street, loaded with bundles, struggling; through a crowd and singing the Mother Goose melody, "Chickery, chickery, crany crow, I went to the well to wash mv toe," &c. There were hundreds of others fikewise distracted, and there were many made desperate by whis? key or beer, which, from excess of thirst, theyj "drank in the absence of water in great quanti? ties, and spread terror in every direction. It is fearful to think of the loss of life. It is con-' jectured, with good cause, that near 500 have burned to death. We saw four men enter a burning building and in a moment they were overwhelmed by a falling wail. There was a crowd of men around the corner of a building trying to save property, when the wall yielding, some of them were buried beneath it. About twelve or fifteen women and children rushed into the building of the Historical Society, or fire:proof building, for safety, but in a few minutes the flames burst through and they were burned to. death. Among those who took re? fuge in this building was the venerable Col. Samuel Stone, eighty years of age, and for a long time connected with the Bocictv ; also, John B. Gerard and wife, and Mme. Dcpelgrove, a noted teacher of music. It is feared that Dr. Frear and family were also burned, as they were in the building and have not been seen. Mrs. Edsall, whose nusband was murdered last week and who was suffering from an illness, was carried away for protection to a building which was afterwards consumed and it is feared' she also perished. All the booksand papers of the Historical Society, including an original copy of the fam??s emancipation proclamation of President Lincoln, for whfch the society paid $25,000, were destroyed. It is feared that a large number of children, inmates of the Catholic Orphan Asylum, on State street, were also burned, as man? of them are missing. On Chicago avenne, a father rushed up stairs to carry three children away, when he was overta? ken by the flames and perished with them.? The mother wa? afterwards seen on the street a raving maniac. In the same neighborhood a family of five persons perished. The list Of such fatalities is very long, and can only be ful? ly verified after the smoke shall have cleared away. A special session of the Illinois Legislature has been called to aid business men and to pro Tide employment for the poor. Apprehending that suffering may cause crime, additional Federal troops have been called for. A careful survey of insurances, to-day, shows that there were written on property destroyed over $200,000,000; add another $100,000,000 to this sum and a fair estimate can be reached of the loss. All leading merchants who have been seen express a determination to resume busi? ness at once. From the Baltimore Gazelle. The heat was so intense at times that the burning buildings could not be approached within 150 feet. The fire, after reaching the business part of Randolph and South Water streets, kaped the river to the north side in an incredible short space of time, and thence among the wooden buildings on that side, reached the lake shore, after reducing block af? ter block of dwellings to ashes. A scene of such utter powcrlessneas, in the .face of an enemy, was never presented than that of this people trying to combat the fire, for the combat was not of loug duration. The peo? ple bowed their heads in anguish of spirit, and allowed the fire to have uutrammcled sway. While there are many instances of generous devotion on the part,of the rich aud poor, in dividing with the destitute, there are painful instances of meanness and selfishness. One person was trying to remove valuable papers from an office, and he asked two firemen to help him, but they refused unless he paid them fifty dollars. The papers were destroyed. Drivers of express wagons have taken $100 and even $500 for an hour's use of their vehi? cles in getting the distressed people away from danger. Among the sad scenes was the ap pearence of mou and boys beastly intoxicated around the streets of the north division, where the saloon keepers' stocks of liquor were turn? ed into the streets. There can hardly be any doubt that many of these wretches found their death in the flames. One poor man had crowd? ed for refuge into a water main lying in the street, near the water works, but the fire found him even there and robbed him of life. Children are going around the burnt district, seeking something to satisfy their huugcr.? they ask for relief, but there is none to give them. No one has provision or money. What provisions there were in the citv arc now burn? ed or eaten, and some people have enough to last them for the day, but no longer. Provis? ions have arrived from Detroit, Cincinnati, Mil? waukee and St. Louis, aud arc being distribu? ted as fast a9 possible. Twenty-three dead bodies have been taken to the station on the north side. At the pres? ent time it is impossible to know who they arc. As night comes on the want of gas is keenly ! felt. There are but few candles in the city, and ! no water, except what is taken from the lake. Very grave fears of outrages by thieves on the west side are felt on every hand. General Sher? idan, who has been a hard worker all through the fire, is still calling troops from different points to keep order. All business and work are suspended, and every one is intent on se? curing something to eat and a place of shelter. The suffering on the north side is heartrending to witness. Great Fires of the Past. Among the great conflagrations "of the past that of London in September, 1666, wili always stand pre-eminent for its terrible destructive ness. It followed upon the great plague, which had carried off one-third of the population in the previous year, and swept over nearly five sixths of the space included within the city walls at that date. It lasted four days, and the ruins covered 436 acres. It destroyed eighty nine churches (including"St. Paul's), thelioyal Exchange, the Custom-house; Guildhall, Zion College, and many other public buildings, be? sides 13,200 private houses. Four hundred streets were entirely laid waste, and about 200, 000 of the inhabitants of the city were obliged to encamp for some time in the open fields of Islington and Highgate. The most disastrous fire in London since that date occurred on the 25th of March, 1748, when 200 houses in the Cornhill Ward were destroyed. Many destruc? tive fires have occurred in the British metropo? lis at later dates, the most recent worthy of special note being the burning of the cotton 'and other wharves of Toolcy street in June and July, 1861. The fire continued raging with greater or less fury for nearly a month. Several persons were killed, and property was destroyed to the vafeie of ?2,000,000. On the 5th of May, 1842, a fire broke out in the city of Hamburg, Germany, which raged with great fury for four days, destroying about one-third of the .city. Sixty-one st reets, con? taining 1,747 houses, were utterly'laid waste, and thousands of people were rendered home? less. There were few public buildings of value destroyed, and that portion of the city was quickly rebuilt in a much more substantial manner than before. In this country great fires, especially before the day of improved fire-engines, have been comparatively frequent, and New York has had her full shore. In September, 1776, soon after the city came into the hands of the British, 500 houses were destroyed, forming at that time a large part of the town. The buildings were rather huddled together at'llie lower end of the island; and were mostly of wood, and the dis? trict west of Broadway and below Cortlandt street was swept bare. New York ,was visited by another great conflagration, the greatest in its history, on the 16th of December, 1835.? -Six hundred warehouses, and property to the extent of over $20,000,000, were consumed. Our oldest inhabitants still remember the hor? rors of that terrible disaster. On the 6th of September, 1839, the city had another severe visitation, when fort}>six buildings and proper? ty valued at ?10,000,000 were destroyed. The next conflagration of large extent in this city took place ou the 19th of July, 1845, when 302 stores and dwellings in the lower part of the city, were. destroyed. These, however, were of comparatively inferior value, the whole loss amounting to $6,000,000. Four lives were lost on this occasion. Since that time, owing to the increased efficiency of the means employed to prevent aud extinguish fires, they have gen? erally been confined to a single building or a small group. In the same year of the last great fire in New Yorki 1845, Quebec suffered terribly from the same destroying element. On the 28th of May a fire broke .out in the Faubourg St Boch which destroyed 1,500 buildings before it could be quelled. Several lives were also lost Ex? actly one month later 1,300 buildings were burned,, and by these.-two conflagrations nearly two-thirds of the city was laid in ruins. The fecuniary loss has been stated at $8,000,000. n the same year, on the 12th of June, nearly the whole town of St.. Johns, Newfoundland, was destroyed, and 6,000 people were rendered homeless. :; .. Albany sufibred from a great conflagration on the 3th, of September, 1848. Six hundred buildings, besides steamboats, piers, and other Eroperty, valued altogether at ^8,000,000, were urned. Twenty-four acres of. land within the city limits were covered with ruins. I St Louis had a great fire in May, 1S19, when fifteen blocks of houses and twenty-three steam? boats were consumed, causing a loss of over $3,000,000. Philadelphia has been fortunate in having few. groat fires, but one occurred in that city on the 9th of July, 1850, which destroyed 350 buildii gs. These were of inferior value, and the wh> )e loss was but $1,500,000, though tweu ty-five j> crsons were killed, nine drowned, and 120 inju ed. A lr sge portion of San Francisco was de? stroy in 1851. On the 3rd of May a fire biofce out which consumed nearly 2,500 build? ings, causing a loss of $3,500,000 and several lives. A little over a month later, on the 22nd of June, 500 more buildings were burued, val? ued at $3,000,000 or more. Twelve acres of land in Syracuse were burned over on the 8th of November, 1850. About 100 buildings were destroyed, and the loss of property amounted to $1,000,000. The scene most naturally recalled by this fearful disaster in Chicago is the terrible cele? bration of the Fourth of July in Portland, Me,, in 1866. The leading facts of that great event are still fresh in the public mind. The fire, beginning in a boot shop on High street, swept north, and destroyed in its course nearly one half of the city. The pecuniary loss was about $15,000,000, and one-fourth of the population were rendered houseless. It seems probable from the reports thus far received that the terrible fire in Chicago has no parallel in modern history, unless in the conflagrations kindlod by war. Even the great fire of London, though relatively more destruc? tive, did not equal it in absolute extent. The London of that day was little more than two* thirds tho size of the Chicago of to-day. hay? ing less than 250,000 inhabitants; ana if, as reported, two-thirds of Chicago is in ruins, the desolated territory is far greater than the five sixths of London said to have been laid waste in 1666. The Chicago Tribune, of Sunday morning, thus prefaced its account of the fire on Satur? day night?a preface that events have invested with the character of portentous prophecy:? "For days past alarm has followed alarm, but the comparatively trifling losses have familiar? ized us to the pealing of the Court House bell, and wo had forgotton that the absence of rain for three weeks had left everything in so dry and inflammable a condition that a spark might start a fire which would sweep from end to end of tho city." ? An enterprising Yankee is travelling around among the negroes in Florida selling them a peculiar kind of oil, warranted to make their hair grow a foot in length and as straight as a white man's. Facts Ts. Theory. The theory arid practice of the Southern peo? ple is sadly at variance with the 'fundamental principles of political economy, and the rules which govern national and individual wealth. Theoretically and practically, we have ever been opposed to manufacturing. The theory which we have tested to the full, is that of making cotton and buying every thiug else we consume. We boast that "cotton is king" and rules the world. Every year this dogma is demonstrated to be silly; still we cling to it. The only reason we attempt to assign for such; a course is, that we do not possess the natural facilities for manufacturing our cotton. What are the facts in the case ? Is it true that na? ture has forbidden us to manufacture the cot? ton that grows on our soil, into those fabrics which are in common use all over the world ? If such be the case, then it is wise to continue our present course, notwithstanding the fact that it makes the producer of king cotton the dependant of the manufacturer. We are, however, firmly convinced that no such a state of things exists in nature. Let us take a glance at the facts in the case. The cotton that is produced in York county is, at present, shipped several hundred miles to be converted into yarn, cloth and various stuffs, and again re-shipped to us to be consumed. The principle upon which the transporting agents, commission merchants and manufac? turer proceeds is, that the consumers must pay all expenses and a sufficient amount of over? plus to secure all these agents a good living.? The cotton producer is held responsible for his full share of his expense. Now if the manu? facturer of cotton in New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts and New York can make a for? tune ; why may not the individual, who'manu? factures cotton goods in York county, do the same? The advantages are all in favor of the latter. Our climate is more favorable for man? ufacturing cotton than any of the Northern States, and living is cheaper. Operatives, equal id every respect, can be secured iu the South at much less wages than they can be obtained in the North. Some one, no doubt, is ready to exclaim, "you have no water facilities in Yorkville?" What does this mattet ? Two-thirds of all the manufacturing establishments in the North are run by steam. This is the case in Pittsburg and Fall River. In both cases, there ia an abundance of water, but steam has been found by experience to be cheaper and attended with fewer disadvantages than water. Large streams are generally fringed with hills and mountains, which render them in most cases inaccessible. It should also be remembered that a good mill seat is not of universal occurrence on large streams. Experiment has proven that where every thing is most favorable for manufactu? ring by water, the expenses of doing the same work by steam is but the fraction of a cent per pound in cotton dearer. No one need have any hesitancy in concluding that we can man? ufacture by steam in Yorkville with as little expense as it can be done in any country in the world. Wood is abundant and consequently cheap. This will be the case for years to come. In fact, by proper management, wood heed never become scarce. The old field pine grows abundantly every where in this region, and grows very rapidly. It is asked whether manufacturing will be profitable or not? The history of those few manufactories in different parts of the South, lead us to come to the conclusion that a manu? factory in York village wonld be immensely profitable to the owners and also to the whole community. The Pendleton Factory has paid a net profit of twenty-six and one-fourth per cent since the first of January, 1866. This is decidedly better business than selling dry goods, or any thing else. We are not guessing at this statement. We have the facts from the proper authorities, which will vouch for its truthfulness at any time. A clear gain of twenty-six and a fourth per cent is almost fab-j illous. Is it not time that some of our moneyed men were thinking about this subject ? A cap? ital of fifty thousand dollars will start an es? tablishment which will be a source of immense income to the stockholders, and a blc?ing be? sides to the whole county. It will assist us to get our hands out of the lion's mouth.? York? ville Enquirer. General Walker, the Celebrated Filibuster. Some verses by the new poetical celebrity Joaquin Miller, upon "Walker in Nicaragua," commencing "He was a brick, and brave as a , bear," recall to the public notice a man, who, I though forgotton in the rush of stirring events which followed hard upon his tragical death, once occupied a wide share of the world's at? tention. With nn audacity worthy of the Spaniards of the sixteenth century, Walker re? vived the glories of Alvorado and Gil Gonza? les ?n the same fields, and set the whole of Spanish America ablaze with his bold filibus? tering. He milled to his banner, high ad? vanced in the very "Paradise of the Indies," the most daring and chivalrous youth of the South, established a working government, procured the connivance of leading American statesmen, and the money of capitalists, managed part of the Cabinet at Washington in his interest, awakened the angry apprehension of England, then interfering in her meddling, pottering way witli the "Mosquito question ;" and was finally crushed after an obstinate and gallant defence, by^lie combined power of all Central Ameri? ca. William Walker was born in Nashville, Tenn., in 1S24. He was a puny, studious boy, and received what is called at the South, a clas- j sical education, at the "University of Nash? ville." He roved about the world until 1S53, having been a teacher, an editor, a lawyer, a physician, and then "broke out" (in California phrases) as a filibuster. The writer saw him \ m 1S58. A more unproi'"' :,ig hero could not be imagined. He was t,. 0.it iu figure, only five feet four inches tall. His face was com-1 mon and dull. His complexion light, pimpled and freckled. His mouth was wide and coarse, his eyes grayish blue, uo beard and his hair thin and yellow. He may have been personally brave, but he made no display of it. He was not a dashing leader, and was rarely under fire. He was cool, reticent and forecasting. He had no personal magnetism, never had the affection of his men, though, doubtless, he had their confidence. The partial success which he did achieve, and which came near being an entire and magnificent success, was due to the popu? larity of the cause of which he was champion, and his own belief in it. He was an active apostle of the "manifest destiny" doctrine, and his faith, constancy and boldness, allured the bustling spirits of the time. The underlying purpose was the extension of slavery to new and richer fields, aud the aggrandisement of southern empire. All such aspirations perish? ed in the bitter struggle of our late war, and Walker and his men died in vain, their graves unknown, their gallant deeds untold, till now, in song or story. m > i ? ? It may be interesting to those who have sent for counterfeit money, in answer to the numerous circulars which flood the country, to learn that a full list of the names of such is being prepared for publication. Another En iOux Proclamation. Washington, October 12,?The President has issued the following proclamation : " - - Whereas, Unlawful combinations-and.conspij radio's have long' exis'tedj and do still exist, in the State of South Carolina, for the purpose of depriving certain portions and-classes of the people of that. .State, of the rights, privileges, immunities and protection named in the Con? stitution of United State* and secured by. the Act of Congress approved April 12,1871, ienti* tied "An Act to enforce the provision of the fourteenth amendment to ..the Constitution of the United States;" and whereas, in certain parts of said State, to wit: in the Counties of Spartan burg, York, Marion, Chester, Lauren?, Newberry, Fail-field; Lancaster and Chester? field, such combinations and conspiracies do so obstruct and hinder the execution of the law? of said State and of the United States as to de prive the people aforesaid of the rights, privi? leges, immunities and protection aforesaid, and do oppose and obstruct the doe execution of the laws of the United States, aud impede the due coarse of justice under the same; and whereas the constituted authorities of said State are unable to protect the people aforesaid in such rights within the said Counties; and whereas the combinations and conspirace* aforesaid Mithin the Counties aforesaid are or* ganized and armed, and are so numerous and powerful as to be able to defy the constituted authorities of said State and of the United States, within the said State. and by reason of said causes the conviction of such offenders and the preservation of the public peace and safety have become impracticable in said Counties ; Now, therefore, I, Ulysses S. Grant, President of the United States of America, do hereby command all persons composing the unlawful combinations and conspiracies aforesaid to dis? perse, and to retire peaceably to their homes, within five days of the date hereof, and to de? liver, either to the Marshal of the United States for the District of South Carolina, or to any of his deputies, or to any military officer of the United States, within said Counties, all arms, ammunition, uniforms, disguises, and other means and implements used, kept, possessed or controlled by them for carrying out the unlaw? ful purposes for which the combinations and conspiracies arc organized. (Signed) U. S. GRANT. History of Chicago.?Chicago is situated on Lake Michigan, at the mouth of Chicago River. The river affords the only good harbor on the West side of the lake near its Southern extremity, and to this fact the city-owed its original importance. The name is of Indian origin, and is mentioned by the French Jesuit Missionary Marquette, who first visited it in 1673. The town was first laid out in 1830, and organized in 1833, when it contained only twenty-eight votes. In four years, the popu" lation increased to 4,000. The rapid progress of Chicago since 1837 is probably unparalleled in the growth of cities. As early as 1854, ft was announced that Chicago was the largest primary grain depot in the world. In all dc partments of trade, it ranked among the first cities of the Union. The colossal fortune* amassed by many of its citizens were freely expended in building up the city in a style of unsurpassed magnificence and grandeur.-" Chicago rated as the fifth city in the Union, according to the census of 1870. The popula? tion, as ascertained by the marshals, Was re? ported to be 298,977, but it was claimed to be several thousand more. Importance qel Exercise.?Without reg? ular exercise of, the body health cannot be maintained ; the body becomes weak, the countenance pale and languid, and the spirits depressed and gloomy. Regular bodily exer? cise on the contrary, creates a healthy appetite/ invigorates the power of digestion, cause* sound and refreshing sleep, a freshness of com? plexion and cheerfulness of spirit; it wards off disease, and tends to preserve the vigor of both mind and body to advanced age. During the* winter season, active exercise in the open ah* preserves the warmth of the body and renders it less susceptible to the influence of the c?ld, and less dependent for its comfort on artificial heat The period of the. day best adapted to exercise are early id the morning and toward* the close of the day. Walking is the inost beneficial and most natural exercise, because' in the erect position every part of the body is1 free from restrain^ while'by the gentle motion communicated to each portion of it, in the act of walking, free circulation is promoted. Ho"w People Get Stck.?Eating too intfeff and too fast and swallowing imperfectly nras* ticated food. By taking too much fluid during meals. Drinking poisonous whiskey aud other intoxicating drinks. Keeping late hours at night and sleeping too late in the morning. Wearing clothing too tight so as to relax eifew lation. Wearing thin shoes. Neglecting to take sufficient exercise to keep their hands and feet warm. Neglecting to wash the body sflffi ciently to keep the pores of the skin open.?? Exchanging tue warm clothing worn in? warm room during the day for light costumes ahd-ex? posure, incident to evening parties. Starving the stomach to gratifying a vain and foolish passion for dress. Keeping np a constant ex? citement, fretting the mind with borrowed trou? bles. Employing cheap doctors and'^wallow? ing quack nostrums for every imaginary ill. Taking meals at irregular intervals. Bachelors, Attention.?The attention of bachelors is invited to the following "wail '"There are some sad sights in this world ; a city sacked and burnt?a battlefield after a great slaughter?a London in the midst of n plague?a ship burning at sea?a family pining in starvation?a jug of molasses wrecked Upon the pavement. All is bad, it is true. "But to us, the saddest sight of all, is an old bachelor wearing toward the end of his journey of life, his great duties undone. Miserable creature I just look at him; his shirt buttons off?his stocking out at the toes?uot a son or daughter, nor a relative to drop a tear, to close his eyes in death, or to leave his money to? nobody, in fact, to care for him?--shanhed by saint and sinner. Poor old bachelor 1" In a Nut-Shell.?The Columbia Pfurnix, in referring to President Grant's latest Ku Klux proclamation, says: That Lynch-law has been resorted to in certain cases in South Carolin?, is undoubtedly true. But it is also true that it was recently resorted to in Chicago. What, however, is approved and called swift vengeance in burning Chicago is called "Ku Kluxism" in plundered and outraged South Carolina. Be? hold the case plainly stated. Parties who up? hold the summary executions of inceudiaries and thieves in Chicago?a Northern city?are ready to throw the a^gis of the Federal Govern? ment over the same class of outlaws in the South. This is the matter iu a nut-shell. ? A famous Judge came late to court one day in business session, whereat the clerk, in great surprise, inquired of him the reason. "A child was born," his honor said, "and I am the happy sier." "An infant Judge?" "Oh, no," said he, "as yet he's but a crier."