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An Independent Family Journal-*-I)eYoted to Politics, Literature and General Intelligence.^ HOYT & 00., Proprietors. ANDERSON 0. H., S. 0., THURSDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 22, 1870. VOLUME 6?NO. 13. an-1 Sound and Sensible Advice to the Toung Men of the South. The Atlanta Intelligencer publishes the an? nexed extract from an address delivered by Gen. A. C. Garlington before the Literary So? cieties of the University of Georgia, at the Commencement in August last. The practical ideas embodied in this extract induce us to place it before our readers, and we would ear? nestly impress the advice of Gen. Garlington upon the young men within the range of our influence. Although addressed to a Georgia audience, and mainly intended for that glori rious old State, we know that Gen. Garlington would desire to have his words of truth and soberness reach every young man, especially* within the borders of his native State; EXTRACT. "It is not my purpose on this occasion to dis? cuss parly politics, or to say anything as to the merits nf the political parties which now divide the people. The present condition of the coun? try and especially our part of it, is such, how? ever, as to press upon our young men with pe? culiar force the necessity of preparing them? selves to act their part in the arena of politi? cal affairs. There is reason to fear that, since the fall of the Southern Gmfederacy there is toogreat a tendency in our people to lapse into a state of supineuess and indifference in regard to the present condition of things, and the future des? tiny of our country ; that with a great many, this reeling amounts even to irresolution and de? spair. Young men, I beseech you, not to en? courage such feelings for a moment. It is of their nature to paralyse all effort, to extinguish the fires of ambition* to destroy all motive for action. Cherish rather the maxim of the old Roman, "never despair of the Republic" He who feels that his fate is fixed to be a slave, and that his children after him are to inherit his condition, ha? no incentive to use his facul? ties except to provide merely for the wants of his lower nature. Aaway. then, with such feel? ings, or you and your country are both undone I 'Tis true, we have all felt most severely the re? verses that have befallen us, the havoc which cruel war has wrought in our once fair land? the tears and blood that it cost us. When the scene closed at Appomattox, what a night of darkness overspreaa our political sky; darkness equal to that which Byron has so vividly de? picted as coming upon the material world: "When the bright sun was extinguished, and the stars l>id wander darkling in the eternal space, ItaylcM and pathless, and the icy earth S?w?ng blind and black'ning in the moonless air; Morn came, and went?and came, and brought no dar, And men forgot their passions in the dread Of this, their desolation ; and all hearts Were chilled into the selfish prayer fur light." "Years have since rolled away, and our hearts have not yet been cheered with the light of other days. But let us not despair; rather should we be animated with the nope that a new morn will ere long unbar her gates and dispel the clouds that overhang our political sky. The history I have endeavored to coin mend to your attention and study, teaches us that our ancestors, from whom we derived the great principles of liberty, struggled for iiges to establish them ; that tribulations and trials, sufferings and sonow, was the price they paid for these blessings; and the dungeon and scaffold, the fires of persecution and the red field of battle, were the ordeals through which they had to pass. It is a weakness of our na? ture to be too impatient of the results that fol? low the revolutions that are constantly taking 1>lacc in the moral and political world. Man :ind are not content to await the full develop? ment of events, results remote as well as im incdinte. They seem to forget that there is a power beyond the reach of the human intel? lect, which moves in ways mysterious, to ac? complish its ends. This power oftentimes manifests itself in storms and tempest which .vhakc the earth and startle the nations, and rate to their foundations the boasted works of man. But these convulsions are the develop? ment only of causes that have been doing their work silently for long years?hidden causes which are difficult to detect, and which may have escaped observation ; and the events they have brought forth will, in their turn, become the cause of others that lie beyond the range of human vision. Finite man cannot keep pace with Providence in the great march of events. To use the language of a distinguished French writer?"Providence moves through time like the gods of Homer through spade"?it makes a step and ages have rolled away." Iu accommodating ourselves to these changes, and turning them to the best account, the great difficulty is, to disengage ourselves from the past, especially the recent past, and lay hold of the present, to grapple with its issues; to inarch up to their line, and in the contest of ideas to extract the truth and put it to Use?practical Use; This is especially true of those who have been prominent actors in the past, who have borne "the heat and burden of the day" in their country's service. The old live in the past?the young in the future. Youth paints the future in the rosy tints of promise and hope; age, by contrast with the past, views the future through tbe medium, of gtoom and apprehen siorr. Hence it is, that the country must look chiefly to the rising generation?its educated youth, to redeem its fallen fort?nes, to restore its prosperity and happiness-. You who are about to step across the threshold of life, nerve your hearts for the great work before you. You will begin life at a most important period of your country's history. The events of recent occurrence by which the wisest have been startled, have not only worked great changes in the very frame-work of our political system, but they constitute a new epoch in the history of the world: Novel ideas and principles are to be tested?strange and startling problems in politics arc to be solved. The enfranchise? ment of a race who lately sustained the rcla- i lion of slave to those Vvh'd founded our govern? ment, and who have heretofore controlled its affairs, and their admission to equal participation in its future administration are untried experi? ments?such as are unknown to the historv of the past. They will bring to the fullest test the principle, that virtue and intelligence are the only security of republican institutions, and that a government which does not represent the ability and property of the State has no stable foundation. With these experiments {>regnant with the mightiest Issues you will lave to deal, you will doubtless find it difficult to see in the political changes to which I have adverted any signs of progress. You will be inclined rather to regard them as evidences of a retrograde movement in human affairs. But whether this be true or not may not be finally determined in your day and generation. The history of the world shows that the current of civilization, progress?oftentimes runs too deep for human observation to discover Its bearing, and that, notwithstanding the ever recurring changes and revulsions iu the a flairs of men, its general course is onward. It may bo damned up for awhile, or diverted from its true chan? nel, but it will, in good time, find an outlet in the right direction, and flow onward in its majestic course. It is like the gulf stream whose steady, resistless current is ever moving forward in the same direction through the great ocean, though ic is often overwhelmed by the tempest-tossed waves. In whatever light then the events, to which I have alluded, may be viewed ; whether as evidences of good or evil-^-of progress or re? trogression?your duty remains the same. It requires that you should take your stand by the principles of troth, right, and justice, and that you should labor incessantly and earnestly for their final triumph. "You will also see much in the present con? dition of public morals to discourage. The war from which we have lately emerged has left its marks not only upon all our material interests.and our political situation, but also upon the morals of the people, it has exerted a most powerfully demoralizing influence upon society. The blood shed in it, like the drop that fell from Madusa's head on Lybian sands, has produced monsters of horrid shape. Po? litical corruption prevails on all sides; with shameless face it stalks at noonday through the land. Public virtue has degenerated almost into a crime, and patriotism is scoffed at as a I bye-word of reproach. In promoting the aims of the ambitious, the arts of the demagogue are more potent than the virtues of the statesman. Office and place, instead of being the reward of merit, are bought and sold as things in the market. These are melancholy truths?facts to be lamented, but they should not cause you to j despair of the future. This condition of things cannot last?it has none of the elements of permanency, or long life. It depends for its existence upon cans es which of themselves will work a change, and the change may come when we are least expecting it?while we are strain? ing our eyes to see its approach in the distant future. History is not without examples to gives us confidence in this result. Political corruption in its most disgusting forms, profli? gacy in morals and manners?want of integrity and virtue in public men, characterized the times immediately preceding the revolution in England which expelled the Stuarts from the throne, and established the liberty of the citi? zen and the sanctity of the laws upon a firmer foundation than they had ever been before. The carnival of blood, which towards the close of the last century, maddened the people of France, and sapped the very foundations of so? ciety, was followed by the most brilliant era of her* history. It was during these troublous times that the seeds were sown which at a later day, have been developed into a more vigorous growth of the principles of well-regulated lib? erty than that country has ever before enjoyed. It is also a truth of Iii story, that the authors of evils which necessitate these great re-actions in human affairs, those who flatter the people only to betray them, who seek to promote their ig? noble ambition and selfish ends by means of fraud corruption, are sure to be overtaken by a terrible retribution?unrelenting popular ven? geance. They are doomed to realize the fate of the Thracian king who fed his horses on human flesh, and afterwards himself became a victim of the unnatural appetite he had .stimulated. From these lessons of history wc should take courage, and look forward with confidence to the delivery of our country from the evil influ? ences which now seem to control its destinies. In the struggle to attain this end, may we not count something, too, upon the lineage of which our people may boast? They have descended from a race whose toughness and elasticity of spirit have been tested by many trials; whose love of liberty has been bred in the bone and will never run out. It may be smothered for a while by the mailed hand of oppression, but it cannot Be extinguished. When the occasion comes its fires will blaze out with still brighter and more glorious effulgence. "Remember, young men, this is your coun? try ; it was the country of your fathers, make it the country of your posterity. This is your Georgia, it belongs to you by right of inheri? tance, with all its glorious traditions make it the Georgia of those who are to come after you. Mcthinks that the genius of the proud old State still stirs within you; that by the efforts of her sons she will rise again to honor and glory; that with pious hands they will gather together the broken fragments of the temple their fathers erected, and from these sacred relics, rebuild its columns and arches, and again raise its proud dome towering to the skies, to stand in all coming time a fitting memorial of their skill and patriotism, and an enduring monu? ment to the virtues of the illustrious dead." --o~ Public Duties a Privileg? and an Opportunity. If every citizen would regard his life as but a. collection of circumstances intended as a scaffolding to be. used in building up the beautiful edifice of manly individual character, he would value more highly the Democractic institutions under which he lives, and the oo {?ortunities which a government by the people or the people creates for personal instruction and improvement Our Agricultural, Immi- j gration and Political meetings would be more Fully attended. Our papers would teem with original contributions. Our whole society would be alive and active. Each individual would permit social influences to play full upon him, instead of withdrawing into a snail-like and unsympathetic isolation, and would grow and flourish under their humanizing power, as docs the sturdy oak, rejoicing in every wind that freely sways its strong branches from side to side, but unmoved from its own firm foot? hold and individual stability by the fiercest storm that blows. The reactive, healthful influence of a consci? entious discharge of public duties, of voting, for instance, and of inducing others to vote for the right, is not sufficiently realised by our peo? ple. It will dcvelope their individual charac? ter and strengthen their individual virtue, ever to work for what they consider right. But there is a feeling of despondency amongst the better classes in our State at present, from an instinct of helplessness, so much do they re? gard themselves as in a minority. They forget that a minority, if active and intelligent, often dictates a wise course to the majority, simply through their fear of losing office, and often by sheer force of intellect; for, of two courses that are indifferent, so far as their personal interests are concerned, they take the better 0?6 for the community, to silence the sarcasms a?d ridicule of the minority. Minorities have accomplish? ed all that ever has been accomplished hi the world, by patiently persisting in what they deemed rignt, until they became majorities. We of the supposed minority in this State should recollect this, and persevere in the course that wc consider right. We owe this to our? selves individually, and we owe it to every fel? low citizen, not to desert him in his efforts in behalf of public virtue and government, until they are crowned with success, even if it take a century, and the combined struggle of several generations.? Winnskoro Ncxcs. ? Said one student to another, whom he caught swinging the scythe most lustily in a field of stout grans : "Frank, what makes you work for a living. A fellow with your talcnts and abilities should not be caught engaged in bard labor. I moan to get my living by my wits." "Well, Bill, you can work with duller tools than I can," was the replv. ?*r A dishonest bankrupt ami an honest one have this resemblence?they both fail to make From the New York Ledger. The Southern States as a Home for the Emi? grant. BY HON. FREDERICK A. SAWYER. UntiL recently it has been hopeless to expect the laborer, the mechanic, or the small farmer from other lands, to make his home in the South. The desire to emigrate implies the de? sire to better the condition ; the desire to emi? grate to America usually implies the desire, not merely to better the physical well-being of the emigrant, but to elevate his family and dignify his manhood. The European laborer who con? templates removal to this country has learned that, in America, he Will cease to be sim? ply one of the counters with which kings and princes play, or one of the instruments which capital uses solely for its own benefit, and will become a man. This forms no small Eart of the inducement to break ties which owever they may have kept him down, have still great power over the affections and pur? poses. Hence, it could not be expected that the European, still less the Northern or Eas? tern mechanic or laborer, should come to live in States where labor, as a rule, was a badge of servitude, and where the standard of a day's labor was that which could be exacted from unwilling and unpaid bondsmen. Slavery en? forced ignorance. Ignorance and slavery de? graded labor. In a society where the whole or much the larger part, of the labor was per? formed by slaves, there was no place for a free, manly, independent mechanic, who honored his work as his work honored him. But slavery has passed away, and as soon as the political affairs of the Southern States as? sume something like a settled and permanent condition, that tide of emigration which has hitherto set so strongly aud so steadily toward the west and northwest, will surely take a southerly course, or flow with a divided stream, of which not the smallest part will seek the rich fields and genial climate of the South. The reasons for expecting this are manifold: 1. The territory of the Southern States is more accessible than that of the interior of the ! continent to which the path of the immigrant now tends. A long extent of sea-coast, with many excellent harbors, invites foreign com? merce. Rivers navigable for long distances, traverse the whole region between the Allc ghanies and the Blue Ridge and the Atlantic ; while thei rich and almost virgn soil of the Gulf States is watered by many streams whose proportions would be majestic to eyes not used to consider the immensity of "The Father of Waters." These natural water-courses, with many thousands of miles of completed rail? roads, and thousands of miles more in process of construction, give large facilities for inland commerce. The upper waters of those rivers afford a pow? er waiting to be utilized, sufficient to turn the spindles and work the looms of the world. In the mountainous districts of Virginia, the Caro? linas, Tennessee and Georgia, the rivers liter? ally leap to the sea, and furnish a water which it makes an engineer sigh to see run to waste. 2. The soil is fertile, and capable of produ? cing almost every variety of crop which can be produced in the Northern and Middle States, and many others for which the climate of the colder States is unpropitious. While the cot? ton of the South has come to be its great sta? ple, and will, doubtless, long hold a very high place among its products, it is nevertheless true that its soil and climate are admirably adapted to the successful culture of other agricultural products. Its mountain regions are unsurpass? ed in fitness for grazing farms. There is no good reason why East Tennessee, Western North Carolina and Virginia, North? ern Georgia and South Carolina, should not ri? val the best Northern and Western dairy pro? ducts. And there is no better field for wool raising in the world than can be found in these States. Fruits of all kinds flourish. The luscious peach, the succulent melon, the juicy pear, the crisp apple, the orange, the lemon, the fig and the apricot find here genial soils and favoring climates; while the grape in every varietv may be cultivated to rival its fellow in Spain, France or Germany. An opinion has gained currency that the soil of the Southern Atlantic States is "worn out f that only small crops repay the hard labors of him who tills; and that the searcher for good farming or planting lands must seek them else? where. This is undoubtedly an error. For genera? tions the culture of these lands has been in the hands of slaves. The overseers, who directed and scourged the slaves, were but too often lit? tle superior in agricultural knowledge to the "field hands," and the "field hand" had only intellect enough to use the rudest implements in the clumsiest possible way. The top of the j ground was scratched, not ploughed?what the planter called a plough was no whit better than that described by Virgil twenty centuries since. The scores of agricultural implements inven? ted by the active brains of educated farmers and mechanics of the last thirty years were un? known in the South, except very rarely. No attempt was made to use the means existing on every well-ordered farm or plantation for saving or making manures. Everything was taken from the soil; nothing was returned to it; and its natural capacities were absolutely unknown, because of the rude and imperfect culture. Place on the soil of the Carolinas, Virginia or Georgia, intelligent labor2 under intelligent direction; carry there the implements which j have so lightened the labors and increased the ' harvests of the Northern and Western farmer; I apply the same sagacious foresight, thrift and energy which enable the New England farmer to raise "premium crops" out of the naturally I infertile lands of that section, and you shall sec the land groan under the burden of the crops that shall grow there. Besides the ordinary and easily procurable fertilizers in abundance on any plantation, the recent discovery of phosphate of lime in South Carolina has opened up a source of supply suf? ficient to renovate not merely the "word out" lands of the South, but of a continent. This deposit can hardly be over-estimated in value. To the large population now engaged in mining and manipulating it, and destined to be much larger, it is the source of great wealth; to the agricultural interests of the country, it is a ! source of much greater wealth. 8. The mineral wealth of the South, though undeveloped, is vast, and waits only the reach? ing forth of the hand of enterprise to pour its treasures into the lap of commerce. Iron, gold, copper and coal exist in abundance. In South Carolina large deposits of a very fine clay ex? ist, of which pottery moet to compare with the best of Worcestershire can be made. Ochres of great value are also found. Granite and marble in infinite variety are at hand. 4. The forests yield the choicest woods in great variety. The pines of the Carolinas and Georgia arc well known in all our marts ; the live oak of Florida is highly prized by the ship-builder ; the palmetto of Carolina serves purposes for which all other woods fail; and the mountainous portions of the Southern States are rich in woods fit for furniture and ornamen? tal uses. 5. The climate is, in the main, heailthful and pleasant. The inhabitant is spared the extreme cold of New England and Michigan, as well as the torrid heats of the tropical regions. Charles? ton is on or near the isothermal line which passes through Naples; to speak of Naples is to remind one of all that is delightful in sky, temperature, climate. And to one who knows the charm of the climate of Charleston for nine months in the year, Naples can. offer few cli? matic advantages. The whole State of South Carolina, and indeed all the Southern States, have a healthful and agreeable climate, if we except the districts known to be malarious, and comprising but a small part of the whole area. Even these are healthy from November to May; and for planters who are obliged to cultivate these malarious districts, pine lands are ever near, where a residence is perfectly safe and pleasant the year round. The rates of mortal? ity, which are the oifly sllre tests in this mat? ter, indicate very clearly that the States of Vir? ginia, North and South Carolina, Tennessee, Georgia and Florida, are as favorable to physi? cal vigor and long life as any others in the Union. With regard to the other States of the South we have no definite data at hand, but it is believed the same fact may in substance be serted of therm 6. The lands in the Southern States can be purchased at much Lower ratCSi in proportion to their value, than in the North or West An investment in a farm or a plantation in the South, and the Bame care and labor to make it a paying one, that is given by the thrifty fanner 10 the North, will, under the more genial skies and in the longer seasons of the latitude, pay largely more than it would in the colder States. Something should be said about the political situation in the South. The political excite? ments, the abuses of power by place-holders, the want of respect for law and order existing in some parts of the South, are no more than, under all the circumstances, might reasonably have been apprehended. The reconstruction measures of Congress failed to enlist the sym? pathies, or to receive the support of the great mass of the intelligent men of the South. It was a misfortune that this was so. It threw the work of reconstruction into hands little fitted by education, by experience or interest, to undertake it The results were better than the Southern white people themselves had a right to expect. Yet it would be folly to deny that gross evils have existed in the new State governments of the South. But things are mending. The more moderate and intelligent men of the several States are waking up to the fact that a revolution has taken place, and that if they would have any part in the government of their States they must act on the principles which that revolution has established. Day by day new recruits are coming into the camp of those who would make the new South a better, richer, wiser and freer community than the old South could hope to be. And ere long the majority of the -intelligent men of the lately rebellious States will be acting with the friends of equal rights and of the nation. For South Carolina I feel authorized to say, that a partisan press, inspired by relics of dis? loyal opinions and hopes, cannot be trusted to represent fairly her political situation; that while she labors under political evils, she is slowly but surely working herself clear of them; and that the man who comes to her as an immigrant, whether he comes from Europe or from the North, will be welcomed to her soil and her community, so long as he shows himself worthy of such a welcome. The days of violence, in excess of that which exceptionally exists in other States where the rule is the observance of law, have, I believe, passed away in South Carolina. The laws arc Senerally well executed; and there are abun ant grounds for hoping that ere long large numbers of those seeking new homes will find them within her borders, and find them profi? table and happy. A New Cotton Picking Machine.?The Louisville Courier-Journal announces a ma? chine that will certainly pick cotton, and thus describes it: The machine is called the Southern Cotton picker, and is the invention of Mr. Wm. Ap perly, assisted by Mr. John Pearce and Cap? tain John T. Sherley, all of this city. The machine consists of four wheels and running gear similar to an ordinary wagon, except that all is of iron. In the centre of the bed are a series of columns of fullers' teasels, an article the dried head of a plant, cone-shaped, and covered with a number of sharp curved points. These teasels arc contained in a cylinder of wire, and the entire set are raised and lowered by means of pulleys. Themachine is run directly over the cotton rows, and the frame containing the columns of teasels lowered upon the plant The frame is raised and the sharp points of the teasels strip the plant of all the cotton that is full ripe. Leaves, stems and unripe cotton are all rejected. A down motion of the frame strips the cotton from the frame by a set of stationary teasels, and with theirpoints reversed and de? posits it in a receptacle made for it, from which it can be taken at pleasure. The test yesterday was very satisfactory, and the opinion was ex? pressed by those present that one of the smal? lest-sized machines and two men would do the work of thirty expert hands. A company called the Southern Cotton Picking Company has been formed, and the manufacture of the ma? chines will be carried on extensively. It is es? timated that the machines will cost from $400 to $1000, according to size. The rights of various districts in Arkansas, Louisiana, Alabama and other States, have already been disposed of, although the machine was only patented last month. The machine is very simple in con? struction, and is destined to work a great revo? lution in the labor system of the South. I Famous PnorHECiES.?Ever since our earli? est recollection the newspapers now and then have resurrected old prophecies of forgotten soothsayers, who predicted with wonderful ac? curacy the leading events of the world's histo? ry. And now comes a paragraph "going the rounds" With sufficient information to startle everybody from their slumbers and put them on the lookout for strange events. Here is the paragraph : "The Rev. Mr Fleming, a distinguished clergyman of London, in 1699, in the most modest manner, at the fcquest of his congrega? tion, elucidated the Revelations. He cited a passage which to his mind meant the overthrow of the French monarchy in 1789; another which signified a terrible blow against the Pope in 1808, another overthrow of the French mon? archy in 1848, and a blow against the Pope, and finally a great war in 1855 growing out of Tur? key. He said that he bau interpreted great events for a century and a half, and it was use? less to go further into the future. But that the great wars and calamities preceding the millen? nium were to commence, as he thought, in 1870. The remarkable verification of preceding eveuts certainly gives strength to the remaining inter? pretation." ? Why is the young lawyer like the nation? al currency ? Because he is a legal tender and somewhat green. used i the nap to cloth. It is simply From the Columbia Phcsnixi The Issue Before the State?A Generous bud General Bally Demanded. The peace and the prosperity of South Caro? lina?her interests, moral and material?are in? volved in the present State- canvass. Let us hope that our'people, from one end of South Carolina to the otherj duly appreciates the emergency. All the anti-Radical elements of South Carolina must combine to put an end, in this State, to the era of misrule and waste and corruption. The issues in South Carolina are identical with those lately before the people' of North Carolina. There, a great victory was won, and it is possible to imitate the example set by our sister State. Our case is not unlike hers. We present the following extracts from the address issued previous to the last election in North Carolina. It came from the Conser? vative members of the General Assembly of North Carolina. This address gave tone and direction to the canvass, and in that spirit, and upon that platform, the anti-Radicals of North Carolina won a thrice-glorious victory: "The dominant party are organizing thor? oughly for the approaching campaign, and you imperil every important interest of the State, if y?? flatter yourselves with the hope that it will surrender the Government without a des1 perate struggle. We feel confident that an equally zealous and determined effort on the part of the conservative people of this State, will insure them a thrice glorious victory in August next. But to achieve it, they must be united and thoroughly harmonious. In the presence of a determined enemy we cannot afford to divide among ourselves. The past glories or defeats of old political organizations should be among the things of the past. In the battle we are about to join against radicalism reckless extravagance, corruption, swindling, imbecility and partizan tyranny, why should we stop-to inquire whether our leaders were in the' oast, Whigs, ?eriiddrats, Unionists or se? cessionists, so they but lead us to victory and save-us-from a defeat, the resultof which would be nothing less than absolute ruin to the State? That man who now attempts to exhume the buried past, to revive the prejudices born of is? sues long since dead, aud which ouyhiio'he for-' gotten, will, intentionally or unintentionally, contribute to the strength of our common enemy. Let the bickering's of the past be hushed; let us rise above the dwarfed idea that would lead us to inquire what a man's politics were in the past; let us but ask, is he an op? ponent of radicalism, is he honest, is he com Sietent ? Upon this broad and elevated plat brm you can invite the good of all parties and races to join you against that party, which has levied and collected taxes, without stint, with one hand and scattered them with wild extrava? gance with the other; that has introduced into our halls of legislation, corruption hitherto un? heard of there; that has elevated to positions of trust and profit, men wholly unworthy of confidence; that has altered and confused our laws until the administration of justice has be? come costly, and its attainment uncertain; that has sought to subordinate the civil administra? tion to military power by proclamation of mar? tial law and petitions to Congress for the sus? pension of the writ of habeas corpus ; that has more than doubled the current expenses of the State Government; that has enormously in? creased the State debt; that has ruined the credit of the State; that has cast a foul blot upon her hitherto fair escutcheon, and that for want of statesmanship, and for utter disregard of the necessities of the people; is without a Sarallel in the history of this or any other t?te. With such a cause as ours, against such a party, the undivided ranks of conservatism must prevail. "In the last contest in this State, the princi? pal issues was upon the question of colored suffrage and the civil rights of the colored race. That matter has been decided, upon a solemn appeal, by the people of the United States. The guarantee ot their rights, has now become a part of the Constitution. To that Constitu? tion, we have ever been willing to defer, io the laws made in pursuance of it, we yield, and ever have yielded a ready obedience. "The Reconstruction Acts of Congress, with the civil and political rights they confer on the colored race, we regard as finality. We accept them in good faith. We are one of the States of the Union. Let us seek to forget the bitter? ness of the past, to build up the places made waste by the unfortunate war, and to promote the harmony and prosperity of all sections Of our great country. "The colored man now enjoys the same1 ho litical and civil rights as the white -man. We accept his status as fixed by the Constitution of this State and the United States, in good faith. We regard it as a final setlement of the ques? tion. It now becomes our duty, as good citi? zens, to elevate him morally and intellectually. "In the selection of candidates, let eligible men be selected; let self be lost sight of; let the good of the State be your aim, and success your battle cry. Let all the elements opposed to radicalism, be organized into one solid, irre? sistible column. Let the grand army that is to overthrow radicalism, unfurl its banner; letthe mighty hosts be marshaled; let the camp fires be lighted; let every discordant feeling be hushed, and with serried ranks, shoulder to shoulder, let it march with triumphant tread tb a glorious victory." - Greasing Wagons.?But few people are aware that they do wagons and carriage more injury by greasing too plentifully than in any other way. A well made wheel will endure common wear from ten to twenty-five years, if care is taken to use the right kind and proper amount of grease ; but if this matter is not at? tended to they will be used up in five or six years. Lard should never be used on a wagon, "for it will penetrate the hub and work its way out around the tenons of the spokes, and spoil the wheel. Tallow is the best lubricator for wood axle trees, and castor oil for iron. Just enough grease should be applied to the spindle of a wagon to give it a light coatsng; this is better than more, for the surplus put on will work out at the ends, and be forced oy the shoulder baflds aud nut washers into the hub around the outside of the bones. To oil an iron axle tree, first wipe the spindle with a cloth wet with spirits of turpentine, and then apply a few drops of castor oil near the shoulder and end* One teaspoon ful is sufficient. ?Exchange: Noteworthy.?Should the price of salt fake a sudden rise in our community, our readers may account for it from the following: We know our fair readers never dreamed that the great bunch of "hair," which fashion calls a chignon, had anything to do with the price of salt-, but it is a "fact. We are informed that the Virginia Salt Works Company paid iast year about one thousand dollars more for salt sacks than they did the previous year, owing to the rise in the price of Jute, the material of which the sacks are made. "Well but what .have chignons ti do with that?'' Why, your chignon, fair lady, is made of Jute, too, ana the great demand for the material to make chig? nons has caused the price to advance, and that is how your chignon came to increase the price of salt, as well as the size of your head. Protection Against Fire; The Yorkville Enquirer gives some practical hints on this important subject; and although, the article is partially local m Its character; We think it deserves ? more general circulation: It is an- undeniable fact that the fire of last week would have.been far more destructive but for the supply of water furnished from a cistern constructed by private enterprise. Dr. J. F\ Lindsay, about a year ago, dug a cistern holding 9,000 gallons of water, for the protection of his property in case of 'fire. The expense, although considerable, was justified by the result. The owner of this cistern had the-satisfaction of sa? ving not only his own-- property but thousands of dollars belonging to others. When the fire broke out. Dr. Lindsay's first care was to use the Water in his cistern to moisten the roofs of his dwelling holise.and outbuildings thorough? ly, and then to moisten the roofs of his imme? diate neighbors. By the time this had been accomplished, the fire was nearly opposite1. TnB" cistern was then made public, a line to cany buckets was formed and in half an hour the fire was checked, although several old frame build? ings still remained in its front. After the fire was certainly checked, we visted this cistern* and found it to be at least oiie-third full of water. . The moral of this statement of facts is that the first essential for fighting fire is a plentiful supply of Water.. . Without this engines are, 8f no use, and With it they may often be dis: pensed with; Had the owners of the b?ild? mgs which were burnt possessed Cisterns .of water, br had there been a feW public cisterns, the fire coiild have been stopped much sooner. As it was, hundreds of men were compelled' to see their utmost exertions useless for want of water. There are' two methods by which this danger can be guarded against ih future. The first is the construction of eister.is at public expense, either by private contribution or general tax i so that capacious cisterns may be located, at convenient distances, all over our town. Bui by far the best way is for owners to build their own cisterns, or for two or three neighbors to . combine and build one for mutual protections In the latter case, the .owners are independent of the public1; arid their investment answers, to a great eiteht. all the purposes of a fire insu? rance. They have, moreover, the right, which is denied ih other circumstances, of protecting themselves first and others afterwards. Inas? much as they have, While others have not, fore? seen the evil dsy and provided against it, it would be manifestly unjust to use their" supply of water until they have no further use for it. Such cisterns, ranging from 5,000_to 10,000 Sallons capacity, cost froiri $100 to $250, uccor ing to capacity. A number of small Cisterns would probably be more serviceable than a few large Ones, on account of furnishing more ac? cessible points for water carriers to gb to; but, on the other hand, large cisterns cost less in proportion than small ones. TnC lesson of the late fire may be studied with advantage by the country as well as the town. How many homes there are in the coun? try, which have almost no supply of water to guard against a sudden fire. The majority of these kre unprotected by insurance, and for the very reason that the means of fighting fire are scarce, which makes the rates of insurance higher in proportion. The cheapest plan to protect country houses, especially where there are numerous outbuildings occupied by hired hands, is to construct one or two capacious cis? terns hear enough to be available, but not so near as to render the locality too hot during a ' fire. With a good force pump costing $25, fifty or a hundred feet of hose costing fifty cents a foot, and a cistern costing $100?or $150 in alL most country houses can he effectually guarded against destruction by fire; Is not the protec? tion cheap ? ^ War Sausage and Wae SreaU?One of the most valuable improvements, not only from a sa?it?ry, bat also a military"point of view, is the introduction of the new war sausage and war bread by Prussia. The cri&missury depart? ment of all German armies now distributes a liberal extra supply of condensed food to the soldiers ih" the field ih th?sb?peof wi-r sausages and war bread. Inasmuch as the Prussian Gov? ernment had found it extremely difficult during the war of 1866 to produce always i nd at the. fight moment fresh beef^and bread, which, be? sides, would not keep if "distributed in several days' rations, and as the rapid and in dependent movements of the armies, upon whiclj.Prussian strategists so much depend, was thereby fre? quently delayed, a war sausage was introduced, which is made of fresh beef thoppeif u*n ;fine and slightly smoked. - This is mixed up with fine chopped fresh suet, various spice j andealt, and finally with pea flour or ground peas, and , filled into casings of a uniform size and thick? ness. If no food is to be had; the soldier cuts off 4 Eiece Of his war sausage, strips it of the casidft reaks the substance into his tin pot, and, with . a cupful of water mixed with it) he soon has cooked for himself an excellent and most nour? ishing stew. Besides this highly valuable war sausage, he carries several small loaves of war bread, which is baked in a manner similar to that of our American crackers. It is composed of two parts wheat and one part rye flour, and is very hard ; but dissolves easily in water, wine or beer. This war bread is?! also of uniform, weight (etch loaf about one pound) and size, ? like the War" sausage, and the two together con? taining all the animal and-yegetable substances necessary to sustain life for almost ?fty length of time, and being most nourishing besides, are quite as valuable an improvement as some of the new-fashioned guns, cannons, cartridges; and projectiles, &c.; for much as depends On the latter, the syldier who handles them depends on his stomach ; and a mad who has a good sized piece of such a war sausage inside him for breakfast and a pound of war bread stowed away on the top of it, certainly can fi|,rht bet? ter ahd longer than the poor fellow who has had nothing to eat for some tWCilty-fouir hours. -. Convinced.?The report having bee* spread in the vicinity of Pomaria, Newberry District, South Carolina, by the Radicals, that the Re? form move'?ient was inimical to the colored people, and that the Conservative victory in North Carolina had resulted in putting them back in quasi slavery, tWo colored men, one a leaguer and the other a Reformer, were indu? ced to visit Raleigh, N. C, to see for them? selves, and bring back their repjrts. They went and have returned, fully satisfied of the base falsehoods that had been told them. They returned delighted with their treatment. At Raleigh, they saw Mr. Turner, and were libe? rally supplied with copies of the Conservative Committee's Address to the people of North Carolina. At Charlotte, the colored delegate* heard ex-Governor Vance speak, and were, much pleased. It is thought that good must result from the visit of these colored men. The idea of sending them was sensible and practical. ^ __ ? There is only one good Substitute for the endearments of a sister, and that is the endear? ments of some ether fellow's sister.