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An Independent Family Journal?Devoted to Politics, Literature and General Intelligence. : HOYT & CO., Proprietors. ANDERSON G. H., S. C, THURSDAY MORNING-, JUNE 2, 1370. -1 :,=::::== .gg? VOLUME 5?NO.-49i Mom the Greenville Mountaineer. Air Line Bailroad. . Gbeenville, S. C, May 16,1870. At a meeting of the Executive Committee of tjie Air Line Bailroad, held this evening in the Courl; House, the following report was re? ceived from the Sub-Committee appointed at 'the Last meeting; The Sub-Committee appointea at the last meeting c f this Conmittee, and who were charg? ed with the duty of reporting to this meeting "as to the heiit. and most effectual means of raising the necessary aid required from this city ana .Countv to secure the construction of the Air Line'EauaoacC through this State, and espe? cially, by this city; and if both the subscrip? tion of city and County should be made in their "bo??s, then toxeport their opinion as to the best and most effectual method of making them avadable to the Company," beg leave, respectfullvj' to eepobt, . ' That they have given the subject such con aeration as their limited time and their other engagements would permit, and that whilst they submit herewith a scheme for the accom? plishment of the desired result, they must con? fess" that the paramount importance of the enterprise?its influence upon the future desti? ny and prosperity of this city and County, and the great importance of suggesting a scheme at the beginning which has in it the merit and wisdom -to work out the desired result, induces them to appeal to the Committee and ask them to nske any other suggestions that may present themselves, as being wiser or more prac? ticable, leaking to the accomplishment of the same desiied result. .^In the opinion of your Committee, no enter? prise has ever been agitated in this community since its earliest settlement of so much impor? tance; certainly none which holds the destiny of both city and County so completely within its power and control. If its location should be diverted to other localities, in consequence of the faD ure of our people to give promptly . such material aid as will insure its location by this city, and to localities where the people are exc^dingly anxious to secure it, and who promise the material aid required, and are only waiting for the first intimation of our failure to step forward and secure it, then all our pride and boast of our beautiful mountain city, Duilt up and supported, as it has been in a great de? gree, by admirers attracted to it by its climate, its scenery and its society, will vanish away.as ?vapor; find we will be left to see other places more fortunate built up and take their places - upon the line of the contemplated new road, with perhaps other connecting roads conver? ging thereto, which will grow into great cities, whilst ours must continue to decline in popu? lation, wealth, business and other attractions. On the other hand, if we act promptly, and render such aid as we are able to do, then there can be no doubt of the location of the road by this city and its early completion. Its influence upon the material prosperity of the city and County, in the opinion of your Com? mittee, cannot be measured by language or imagined by the most sanguine. Your city, from its present population, will rapidly increase in numbers, and soon take its place among the larger inland cities of the country. Your water powers wil! be occupied by capitalists and artisans. Your farms will be subdivided into smaller ones, and cultivated in the highest style of the art. Your country will be densely populated by thrifty and in? dustrious citizens, who will be attracted to this country by its. climate, its wider power, its minerals and its wonderful resources. Citizens will come here with money and with muscle, and bring their families with them as "actual settlers," to link their destinies with U3 in this country. They come to improve their fortunes and to aid you in making tne country a better one for them and for you; to help you make the government a better one for all with each year, and to aid you in improving and perfect lngyonr system of education. With this state of things, other railroad con? nections will be built as necessity may require, prompted from time to time by the common prosperity of the country. The information in possession of your Com? mittee convince them that the Air Line Rail? road will be built. A contract with responsi? ble parties has been entered into, with all the details arranged for that purpose. The only contingency being the contribution of a small portion of the money necessary to build it, by the people along the line, and its location will be determined, in a great degree, by the con? tribution or aid given by the different locali? ties. Your Committee are of the opinion that it is reasonable to expect from the city and County of Greenville, in consideration of the foregoing facts, the sum of two hundred and fifty thou? sand dollars; and they respectfully recommend the following scheme as, in their judgment, the best and most practical one for raising that sum, to wit: The County of Greenville to subscribe $200, 000 to the capital stock of the Company, and issue their bonds for the same amount; the city of Greenville to subscribe $50,000, and, also, issue their bonds for the same amount; both to carry interest at the rate of eight per cent, per annum, and to run for a series of ?ears, say to mature in 12, 16, 20 and 24 years, he interest or coupons upon them to be re? ceivable for city and County taxes. The stock received by both the city and. County in the Railroad Company, for the above subscription,' to be held by a Trustee, as security for the! bondholders, and pledged for the redemption of the bonds at maturity. These subscriptions to be made solely on condition that the road be located through the corporate limits of the cityof Greenville. ?The proportion of city and County subscrip? tion appears to your Committee to be about just and proportionate, taking into considera? tion the superior advantages the city may hope to gain by its location. The assessed value of real and personal property for taxable purpo? ses, in both the city and County, is $5,024,000, of which about $950,000 is owned within the corporate limits of the city. In the scheme proposed, the citizens of the city will be as? sessed and required to pay their proportionate share (being about one-fifth) of the interest upon the County subscription of $200,000 ; be? sides, they will have to pay the whole amount of the interest on the city subscription of $50, 000 in addition. To devise some scheme by which the money can be realized from the sale of these bonds, has been, to your Committee, the most difficult question. To negotiate them in New York is considered hardly practicable. Whilst in the West it is the common and constant practice to issue county and city bonds as subscriptions to railroads, and they are readily negotiated to capitalists in their principal cities, and even in Wall street, New York, and are considered good securities, commanding good rates; still, in the South it is a new thing and an experi? ment. The country and its resources are com? paratively unknown, and the bonds, as a secu? rity abroad, would hick that confidence in them, and of the ability and good intention of the parties to pay them and the interest upon them as it matures, which is indispensable to their successful and satisfactory negotiation. Then, we must rely upon our people at home. The interest which must naturally be felt in the en? terprise by our own people, and their knowl? edge of the resources of the country and the ability and the good intention to pay the bonds at maturity, and the interest as it matures, should stimulate all, who are at all able to do so, to take as many of the bonds as they may feel able to do. In place of subscribing to the capital stock of the Company and taking the stock in their own names, they should sub? scribe for and take an equal amount of the County and city bonds. The terms of the con? tract, as your Committee understand it, is that the subscription is payable in two years, in equal quarterly payments. Then, by taking the bonds, the holder has either County or city bonds in place of stock in the Company. The interest upon the bonds is receivable in payment of city and County taxes; and, be? sides, the principal is securea by the pledge of the stock in the Company for which they were issued, which makes the security ample, and the investment in the bonds a good and a safe one; and, at the same time, the holder has contributed an amount towards the construc? tion of this great enterprise, equal to his in? vestment in the bonds. A liberal investment in th se bonds cannot be too strongly urged upon the citizens of this community. Their prompt action in the mat? ter secures the construction of the road and its location by this city; a failure to do so may lose the opportunity of doing so forever, and divert it to other localities. The enhanced -value of property as a conse? quence of railroad communication through any community, is too well understood and appre? ciated at this late day to require any argument to prove its truth. A distinguished railroad man in South Carolina said in his report to his stockholders, a few days since, that no railroad of fifty miles in length had ever been construc? ted and operated for two years successfully, that had not more than compensated the peo? ple along its line for the cost of its construc? tion, m the increased value of their property, which was traceable directly to the influence of the railroad upon it. It is somewhat unfortunate for us, in this particular, that the contemplated line crosses our County at its narrowest part. If, on the contrary, it passed north and south through the Co?nty? it would traverse a much larger portion of it, and pass near many more of our citizens; and, perhaps, many more of the more wealthy class might feel disposed to invest more liberally in the bonds than they may oth? erwise feel disposed to do. But your Commit? tee are of opinion that all portions of the County will almost all alike feel its beneficial effects: as one portion of the County and' city prosper, all other portions must feel and expe? rience its effects. Your Committee have made some rough estimate of the advantages that those living along the contemplated line must derive, during its construction, from material which otherwise would be valueless to them, such as standing timber, stone, &c, and are satisfied it cannot fall short of ?200,000. Your Committee would recommend co-ope? ration and conference with other localities along the line, and especially in the direction of Charlotte. This conference and co-opera? tion, it is hoped, would contribute towards har i mony of action between the sections, and pro ' mote the general interests we all have in view. The time has passed by when people, with any pretensions to intelligence, thrift and en? terprise, are content to live in any country where they have not quick communication with the balance of the world, by both railroad and telegraph lines; and the best and only means of preventing our most worthy and en? terprising young men from leaving the country ana going to where these advantages abound, is to provide them as far as we can at home, by contributing of our means and time as much as we can to their development. When the Air Line Railroad is completed, it will be the shortest and most direct line be? tween New York and New Orleans, and the shortest air line that can ever be constructed south of the Alleghanies. Greenville will be as near New York as Columbia or Charleston, and thirty miles nearer Atlanta than Augusta is. The line will be shortened over the pres? ent one by the way of Columbia at least 120 miles, which will naturally draw upon it all the through travel between New York and New Orleans, and points southwest. H. P. Hammett, Chm'n. On motion of Dr. James P. Boyce, the re? port was received and adopted. On motion, it was Resolved, That the report of the Sub-Com? mittee be published in the newspapers of the Counties of Greenville, Sparianburg, York, Anderson and Oconee. W. K. Easley, Chm'n. James P. Mooee, Sec. -o Death of J. Edgae Faenum.?We find in the New York papers a notice of the death of Brigadier-General J. Edgar Fa mum, which oc? curred in that city on the 16th instant. Gen. Farnum will be remembered by many of our citizens as the Col. Farnum whose connection with the Wanderer (the first and only vessel owned in Georgia that ever brought a cargo of slaves from Africa to her shores) caused Buch a sensation in the country just previous to the war. The deceased was, we believe, with Gen. Walker, the "grey-eyed man of destiny," in the Nicaragua expedition. He afterwards attemp? ted to re-open the African slave trade in con? nection with parties interested in the yacht Wanderer. For his participation in that en? terprise he was arrested by the United States authorities, and with several others, citizens of Georgia, was tried before the United States Court, Judge Wayne presiding, for a violation of the laws for the suppression of the African slave trade. The excitement which grew out of that trial, and the personal difficulty which resulted from it, will be remembered by many of our citizens. Col. Farnum, as he was then called, commanded the Wanderer, and at? tempted to escape with her to sea, while she was held a condemned slaver by the United States authorities. He behaved gallantly throughout the Wanderer affair, and enlisted the strong sympathy of the citizens of Savan? nah, who stood by him during his trial and im? prisonment. After his release at the opening of the war, he returned to New York, where, to the surprise of his Southern friends, he en? tered the Union service as Lieutenant-Colonel of the Fire Zouaves, commanded bv Col. Ells? worth, who was killed in Alexandria, Virginia, by Thos. Jackson, proprietor of the Marshall House Hotel in that city. Gen. Farnum's life was one of adventure. He fought through the war against those whom he had at one time claimed as his friends, and at the time of his death held the rank of Brigadier-General, ac? quired in the service of a Government whose laws, as a slaver, he had set at defiance.? Savannah Republican. --o ? "And Satan smote Job with boils," is now rendered: "And Satan smote Job with circum? scribed subcutaneous inflammations, character? ized by pointed tumors, and suppurating with central cores." The Views and Feeling* of Mr. Sawyer to? wards the South. In the United States Senate, on the 20th inst., in reply to a question put to him, by Mr. How? ard, of Michigan, during the debate on the bill to enforce the Fifteenth Amendment, Mr. Saw? yer replied in a speech marked by dignity, independence and foresight. He repelled the charge that, in advocating general amnesty, he had forgotten the war, and was actuated by an "ardor and zeal of friendship for the late rebels." From his standpoint, as a Republican, these expressions are manly, liberal and con? servative, and in this light we present them to our readers: In our practical relations with the masses of white men in the States lately in rebellion, we must look at them.as they now stand, and by the light of present events, rather than by the terrible glare of the fires of the great struggle through which wc have passed. We must, in brief, "let^by-gones be by-gones." I would never for a'moment forget the misery caused by the rebellion. I would never for a moment cease to discriminate between the patriotism which led mighty hosts to offer up their lives to the cause of the Union and the disloyalty which led other hosts to wage war against that Union. Let the honors of the Republic ever follow those brave and loyal men who saved the nation; let our children and children's children learn to speak the praises of the patriots who, in the halls of legislation, on a thousand bat? tle-fields, on river, lake and ocean, gave their minds, their energies and their lives to the holy cause of national integrity. But, Mr. President, the question on which I was speaking is a question of how to deal with a great practical subject of statesmanship; how we shall best reincorporate into practical and harmonious relations with the Federal Govern? ment the masses of the white men of the South; how soonest we shall make them enter into and share our own faith in the beneficence of this government; how soonest to weaken the strength of their attachment to a "lost cause;" how, in the most complete way, to im? bue them with a conviction that the United States is their country as well as ours, and that to it they must look as their chief object of loyalty rather than to the section whose cause was lost On this question it is my misfortune to differ with my distinguished friend from Michigan as to what is the true policy. On this question I do not seek a guide for my steps in the bitter? ness, the acrimony, the hatreds begotten by the rebellion. No Senator on this floor has less cause to be personally favorable to rebels, as such, than myself I come here by no rebel support The vote of no man who took part in the rebellion was cast for me. Though for more than eleven years a citizen of South Car? olina, there have never been open to me the doors of a dozen men who were implicated in the rebellion. No bribe or social favor among men who were rebels has ever tempted me to show the "ardor and zeal of friendship" for the enemies of my country. But as a Senator from South Carolina, when I allow personal considerations of this character to control or determine my conduct, I shall have forgotten the principles which have governed my life. I am unfortunate in having made the im? pression upon the mind of the Senator from Michigan that I took the position against the test oath, and against the continuance of the disabilities imposed by the Fourteenth amend? ment from "the ardor and zeal of my friend? ship for the late rebels." I have carefully read the remarks I made on the subject, and I am at a loss to see what sentence, what line, what word contained therein indicates any such mo? tive. I am a friend, I trust, to all the people of the State which has honored me with a seat in this body; but, Mr. President, I am not a friend to them as "rebels" or "late rebels." I am a friend to them, as I would do the offices of true friendship; and I rejoice that when I take the position of an advocate of the repeal of the test oath I am acting as a friend to the whole people of my State, because I am open? ing up a way of strengthening the Republican party, and acting also as a friend to the loyal Seople of the country by doing something to estroy the wall of partition which has so long existed between the hearts of Northern and Southern men. And permit me to add that I see no logical connection between the removal of disabilities and the return of Jefferson Davis or Robert Toombs to their old places of honor and trust in this government. If the public sentiment of Mississippi or Georgia is so thoroughly dis? loyal as to render the election of men like these probable, then our reconstruction is a failure, and time only will relieve us from the evils legislation has sought in vain to cure. But if, as I believe, the vast majority of the people of those States care little for Jefferson Davis or Robert Toombs, or any other rebel leader, except as they are compelled to think of them as under the ban of ineligibility to public office, when you remove from them the badge of distinction which they wear and parade they will sink into that insignificance which is the common fate of the defeated leaders of a lost cause. But, Mr. President, however necessary it may be thought to except from a bill of relief from political disabilities such marked cases as those of Davis, Lee, Toombs and others, certainly it is not wise or necessary to shut out from all opportunity for participation in national affairs the great number of those who are affected by the provisions of the Fourteenth amendment and of the Test oath. Suicide.?Our citizens were startled on Monday evening last by the announcement that Mr. Edwin L. Levin had commitied sui? cide at Mrs. Gewinner's Hotel, in this place, by shooting himself through the head with a pistol. Mr. Levin was in his store as usual until about half-past two o'clock, attending to his business. He walked from his store down the street to the hotel, and spoke to several persons there, and immediately walked into a passage way in the rear part of the house, where he engaged in some conversa? tion with a lady friend, during which time he drew a small pocket pistol and said he was going to shoot himself, at the same time ma? king the attempt to put the pistol to his head. The lady jerked his hands down and begged him to "desist, and eudeavored to give the alarm; but this, we arc informed, excited him still more, and he unloosed the hold of his friend and shot himself before she could reach the adjoining room. The ball entered the forehead centrally, passing directly through the brain and lodging in the back part of the head, killing him almost instantly. Mr. Levin was a young merchant of our village, and wa3 much esteemed for his staunch and correct principles and general good de? meanor as a citizen. He had just returned the night before from a short visit a few miles from the village, and appeared to be in his usual spirits, exhibiting no indication of any mental derangement. He was slightly under the influence of liquor at the time he committed the fatal act, but was, apparently, perfectly rational. What induced him to de? stroy himself is a mystery to every one.? Kingstrtt Star. How Congress makes Radical Members. The way in which the House has cheated the Louisiana members out of their seats is in the best vein ot Radical piety. In the fall of 1868 the Democrats of Lousiana put the best foot foremost, cultivated the man and brother with barbecues, filled him with free whiskey, clapp? ed a ballot in his hand and voted him straight through; whereby it happened that the State went for Seymour by 15,000 majority, and a full delegation of five Democratic Representatives was elected. Foreseeing, from the pleasant manner in which the man and brother took to the barbecuing administered unto him, how the thing was like to go, some of the Radical wire workers telegraphed on to "Washington, just prior to the election, for instructions. The word came, "outrages ;"but, stuffed full of roast pig and good whiskey, the negro was if anything more gentle than a lamb and as little inclined to fight as a she-dove. "Outrages," then, being out of the question, again the word went forth unto Washington for instructions, and in response there came an order to keep the blacks away from the polls, the design being to plead "rebel terrorism" as the cause. This met in? different success. Where the barbecues had been plentiful and the whiskey floated free, there, disregarding the voice of the charmer, the black man voted for the Democracy; and only in such places as had not been perfumed With the aroma of shoat and bourbon did the staying-away plan prevail. As a consequence, though the Democrats carried every district, an exceedingly full vote was polled in some and only a moderote vote in others. To turn all the Democrats out, therefore, on the plea of "rebel terrorism" having kept the negroes from voting, was out of the question, since in most of the districts the returns showed that they had voted, and voted Democratic almost en masse. In despair at this state of affairs, the reconstructed State authorities nibbled off a thousand votes here and a thousand votes there; but, even this not materially changing the sweeping Democratic majorities, it was found necessary finally to give them certificates of election ; and, as the electoral vote of Louisiana was soon after counted for the Democratic can? didate for the Presidency, it was thought that settled the question for Congressmen too, and that Louisiana Would reap the advantage of her assiduous barbecuing of the man and brother by a full Democratic delegation in the House. Congress, however, was equal to the exigen? cy, and as soon as it met last year opened the play that has just in these few days past reach? ed the grand transformation scene. Objection was made to the Louisiana members and their credentials referred to the Committee on Elec? tions, which committee took a comfortable nap of some months thereupon and then waked up and referred them to a sub-committee, and then all haud3 went to sleep again. Then, after an immense amount of prodding, the sub-commit? tee waked up and reported to the committee proper, and the committee proper "took testi? mony." This necessitating a pleasure trip to New Orleans, and pleasure not being a thing that admits haste2 some more months passed. Then came up tins terrible Georgia to set ev? erything at loose ends; and, what with passing a condition precedent one day and taking it back the next, and a due time spent in hope? less muddlement at the case upon the merits, something over a year was gotten rid of, ana then, not being able to do anything else, the committee reported in three cases. In the first of these it appeared one Hunt, a Democrat, re? ceived 19,340 votes, and one Sheldon, a Radi? cal, 8,493, or iust 10,847 less. To admit that a Radical could be thus badly beaten was to ad? mit that reconstruction was a failure, and the committee could not do this. Neither could the House, and accordingly voted Hunt out and Sheldon in by 114 to 51. In the second case McCra.nie, a Democrat, received 13,710 votes; Morey, a Radical. 3,424; and Kennedy, another Radical, 8,076?the Democrat again receiving more than 10,000 majority over either of his competitors, or 7,216 over both. This was, the committee thought, a worse case even than the I other, and had there been but one Radical con [ testant he would infalliby have been put in and I the Democrat out, but there being two it seem? ed right to turn them all out, and so the House ordered?102 to 52. A third case still remained, that of the renowned Sypher. He had within 653 votes of a majority?after throwing out 9,638 votes for his opponent?and, with a fine contempt for such a mere bagatelle, the com? mittee recommended him in. The House ac? cordingly began to put him in, but, repenting as he was coming in put him out before he could clinch the thing by saying "s'elp me," and de? clared in this case also that no election had been held. But two cases yet remain, in one of which the Democratic candidate had 7,500 and in the other 8,900 majority; but, as there is a great deal of 'testimony" yet to be taken, and the committee is now fast asleep and the sub? committee off looking after its re-election, it is not likely that there will be any final action in the premises until the close of the Forty-first Congress puts case, report, candidates, ana com? mittee all alike out of date. So that, whereas Louisiana "accepted" re? construction and elected five Democratic mem? bers by 42,000 majority, all the representation she has in return is one Radical member whom his opponent beat by 8,000 votes. It takes ge? nius to work the figures around to such results; and were Congress but to exhibit an equal ability in polishing off the taxes there would be new reason to admire the shrewdness of its tricks.?N. Y. World. Meat More Profitable than Cotton.? The Winnsboro' News, in an editorial display? ing sound wisdom and good practical sense, says: Commissioner Wells, in his last magnificent report, proves by statistics that the number of sheep in the United States has decreased 25 Ser cent, within a few years, being less by mil ons than in 1860, while the number of sheep eating men has increased by millions. Recent investigations prove that this same alarming decrease has also taken place in the number of cattle and hogs in the United States. The consumption of meat is far in excess of its production. With our immense immigration continuing, the demand for meat, for years to come, is obliged to exceed the possibility of an adequate supply. Every consideration of interest, therefor^ should urge our land own? ers to pay immediate and continued attention to the raising of stock. Thomas Jefferson was a great stock raiser, as well as a great farmer, and the inventor of the modern plough. He with great shrewdness, employed shep? herds and herdsmen to attend to his stock, exclusive of all other business. It will always pay to do so. Why do our planters not im Eort shepherds and herdsmen from Scotland ? ret them not dream of making as much .by cotton as by stock raising, for several years; for the high price of meat is not accidental, but due to an excess of demand over supply, that promises to outlast, by a long time, the temporary scarcity of cotton. ? It is a common mistake to account those things necessary which are superfluous, and to depend upon fortune for the felicity of life which arises only from virtue. Cotton Manufactures at the South. It is said by those who have investigated the subject, that from $2,500,000 to $3,000,000 can be saved to the South yearly from manufactu? ring yarns and goods near where the cotton is frown. It is claimed that yarns can be spun ere much eheaper than in England. Those who have given the subject careful attention and study declare that yarns can be made cheaper in the South by five cents per pound than in the North, and that "yarns made in the South can be sold in Europe four and a half cents cheaper per pound -than yarns made in Europe of exported American cotton. If this statement is correct it warrants the establish? ment of yarn factories in all parts of the South. A spinning mill that would employ eighty-sev? en operators and consume 887 bales of cotton yearly, would cost not more than $50,000, and at Northern prices the estimated profit on the sales of its annual yarn product would be $17. 000. These are Southern estimates, and al? though somewhat exaggerated, perhaps, as it is naturally supposed they would be, it cannot be denied that the business can be made largely profitable, even allowing a liberal margin for contingent expenses not included in the gene? ral estimates; and the encouragement offered is* sufficient to warrant the belief that cotton spinning will soon become one of the most im? portant manufacturing industries of the South. The demonstrated success of all the cotton fac? tories now in operation in the ISouthern States, has greatly encouraged the small capitalists of the more prosperous sections in their desire to engage in sucn enterprises. In Georgia and Mississippi the cotton mills are in a prosperous condition, and a ready market for all goods they can turn out; ana the leading papers in those States urge the formation of new compa? nies and the erection of more mills. " Why should not the South manufacture its own cot? ton crop ?" is the question constantly kept be? fore the people. It is not proposed that the South should convert all its lint into yarn, but the manufacture of even a small portion of it would be found largely profitable. The South has neither the capital nor the trained manu? facturing skill of the New England States, and cannot compete with them in the manufacture of cotton cloth; but neither very much capital nor very much skill are needed for the ' manu? facture of yarns, or of the coarser grades of cloth for which a ready home market may be found. A report was made to the Agricultural and Immigration Convention recently held at Charleston, which embraces careful estimates showing the comparative cost of manufacturing cotton at the North and at the South. These estimates, the report states, show that yarns can be made at the South, sent to the North, ?ay a commission of five per cent for selling, e sold at the cost of Northern production, and I yield a profit of ten cents per pound. In [ April, 1869, the Saluda Factory of South Caro lina, to test the value of their yarns in the I English market, sent 6ome packages of their No. 20 yarn to Manchester, where they sold for 16 pence per pound, equal at the then price of gold, to 43J cents in currency. The total cost of the yarns, including freight;, commissions and other charges, was 39} cenfei per pound, so that the profit to the manufacturers was 4* cents per pound, or about 11 per cent. That Southern manufacturers should thus success? fully compete with the British in their own markets, while Northern manufacturers de? mand protection against British competition, is a fact which teaches its own lessons. There are factories for making plain goods at Augus? ta, Ga.. and Graniteville, S. C, and others at Columbus and Alamance for making colored goods. All these establishments were operated profitably at a time when the depression of trade caused the working of the Northern mills to result in loss. A Northern manufacturer, writing on the condition of his interests to a friend, said: "While I have only met expenses in the North in running twenty frames?about 3,000 spindles?the returns I have from sixteen frames of the same machinery in Georgia for the last six months have been $15,000 clear profit. Our company has determined to sell out their machinery. The South enjoys the advantage of not less than twenty per cent, over the North in manufacturing." The writer of this letter is now manufactu? ring at the South. The constantly increasing demand for cotton fabrics in the world creates an increasing demand for cotton mills, and in? telligent men in the Southern States perceive the importance of diverting a share of the ad? ditional manufacturing facilities to their re? gion, where labor is cheap, fuel abundant, the climate mild and the raw material right at the doors. Commissioner Wells showed, in his last report, that even pig iron is made cheaper in the South than in the North, East or West; that while the cost of making it is $27 98 at Pittsburg and $25 at Carondelet, it is only $22 60 at Nashville, and only $19 on the Nashville and Chattanooga railroad. These figures, together with the resultof the test made by the Saluda factory, prove that fabrics of such Southern materials as cotton, wool, wood and iron can be made ten to twenty per cent, cheaper in the Southern States than in the North. All that the South needs is capital and skilled labor, and these it will surety have in time.?St. Louis Republican. ? The President has issued a proclamation, setting forth that it has come to his knowledge that sundry illegal military enterprises and ex? peditions are on foot within the United States, with a view to carry on the same against the people and district of Canada, within the do? minions of Queen Victoria, with whom the United States are at peace. The President, therefore, admonishes all good citizens of the United States, and all persons within the ju? risdiction of the same, against aiding, counte? nancing, abetting, or taking part in such un? lawful proceedings, and warns all persons that, by committing such illegal acts, they forfeit all rights to the protection of this Government, or to its interference in their behalf to rescue them from the consequences of their own act. He enjoins all officers of the United States to employ all lawful authority and power to pre? vent and defeat the afonaaid unlawful proceed? ings, and to arrest and bring to justice all per? sons who may be engaged therein. ? A civil engineer of Edinburg, Scotland, has invented a steam engine or locomotive for common roads that has proved t& capital suc? cess. A number of them of different sizes, and of ten, six and three horse power, have been in use on the common, poor, crooked roads in Scotland, and do an immense amount of heavy work, with admirable facility. Thick rubber tires are used on the wheels, thus preventing all concussion, and insuring the durability of the engine. This important invention is be? lieved to make it possible to advantageously in? troduce steam ploughing into this country. -4) ? The Springfield Republican speaks of an agent sent to collect funds for a college who, on reporting after he came back, an extess of ex? penses over subscriptions, added: "But-, gentle? men, I have found great encouragement to pray." I Extraobmnary Night Session.?-The United States Senate remained in session all night on Friday 20th inst. The^orrespondent of the New York Wi>rrW'gavBatho.ailnexed:ao count of the proceedings on this extraordinary occasion: The night session of the Senate which ended at 7 o'clock Saturday morning in the passage of the bill to enforce the fifteenth and four? teenth amendments, was in many,;respectB the most extraoro^ary of the. season. The Senate was frequently without a quorum. ? and one of the votes was so evidently taken without a quorum that Mr. Thurman aptly illustrated the decis? ion of the presiding officer that there was a Suorum with the story of Richard Brinsley heridan and Charles James Fox, who entered the House of Commons late one night, arm in arm. Said Charley to Dick: "By all that is blue, I can't see the Speaker; say, Dick, can you ?" "See the Speaker," said Dick"why, I swear it is true, for I see the Speaker. By Jove, I see two." The gallant and persistent fight made by the Democrats/especially by Mr. Thurman and Mr. Casserly, was With no hope of defeating the bill as a whole, but, as an? nounced by Mr. Thurman at the outset, for the reasonable purpose of securing a debate upon it, which would shear it of some of its most objectionable features and render it at least consistent, Every effort failing to secure a Sostponement of the vote till Saturday or Mon < ay, they relinquished the struggle ,only when it was entirely hopeless. The yeas and nays were called eleven times during,the "right. In the intervals most of the Senators we're'either absent or asleep. Fifty-one Senators voted, on* the final passage of the bilL Twenty-one were absent during the whole night. Just preceding the last vote Mr. Thurman said: "Mr. Presi? dent, I think I hazard nothing In saying that there is not one Senator in this chamber who knows what this,bill now is. I see Senators here who have gone to their homes and-had a comfortable rest, whil'e others of us have sat up through the weary hours of the night "I see other Senators here'who have quietly'slept on sofas while amendment after amendment has been made to this. bilL and only aroused from their slumbers when there was a division of the Senate, or when their presence was'ne? cessary in order to make a quorum. Now, the result is that after the sun has risen this bill is before, this Senate without one Senator knowing what it is, and it is here, as the Senator from Oregon properly characterized it, 'a conglome? ration of incongruities' and contradictions.' That is.what it is. Now, Mr.. President, for the credit of the Senate, for the welfare "of the country, I do ask that this bill may be commit t?d to the Committee on the Judiciary, that it may come out in some respectable shape." .Mr. Casserly followed in -similar strain. They might as well have appealed to a drove of stub? born oxen. The Judiciary Committee had had enough of this bill. It was then read a third time and passed by a party vote?43 to 8. -:-?-'? ? Political Dts a BiLiTiES.-~The Washing? ton correspondent of the New York' World writes as follows: . Applications for the removal* of political dis? abilities continue to be received in large num? bers. In the Senate they are referred to. the Special Committee on that subject, and in the House to the Committee on Reconstruction. Some of the petitioners'admit that they made a great mistake in taking part against the Uni? ted States in the late war; but- if Congress will forgive them they will try to make amends, and do all in their power to advance the honor and interests of the country. Others ask the favor without promising to act better in the future. Not a few complain that under the amendment to the Constitution they are de? barred from holding office under the United States, and, although they have no official po? sition in view, they do not like to remain un? der the ban. Constables, justices of the peace,, and such like officers, say they were in place when the rebellion broke out, and continued therein without interruption. Their hearts were not in the war, but they yielded to cir? cumstances they could not control. Therefore it seems hard that they should come under the prohibitory clause. Letters are written to members of Congress, indorsed by well-known Union men, asking for the removal of political disabilities. Among: the petitions presented yesterday was one from John Anderson, of Rutherford County, N.'C. who, at the peril of his life, concealed! and fed Union soldiers as they escaped from Southern prisons. Mr. Anderson, of his own mere mo? tion, desires that certain of his neighbors may be relieved of their political disabilities. Some of those neighbors; when he was driven from his home, and was an exile, although they were engaged in the rebellion themselves,, took him beneath their roofs and kindly fed and con? cealed him. He desires now, as a return for their kindness, that their disabilities be re? moved. False Education?Class distinctions in American society, defined by the amount of money possessed by individuals, have of bite formed a feature of comment by the press of the country in discussing the subject of false education. Sons and daughters are brought up with extravagant tastes, false notions of respectability, and without proper preparation for filling useful and remunerative places in a work-a-day world. Fathers are overworked^ and overburdened with care and anxiety to. maintain their families in luxurious idleness, and a style which does not permit any prepa-. ration for the future, By-and-by the over-, task**!, premature broken man dies*, or meets with reverses which he has net energy left to rise above. Then comes the collapse. The. false position vanishes when poverty appears. From helpless, ignoble dependence on the hus? band and father, in aflluence or its simulation, the family are reduced to a wretched depen? dence on the cold charity .of a world which cares not a fig for their antecedents, and really values them only according to their market value as workers. -? ? Table Talk.?You will find that a great deal of character is imparted and received at the table. Parents too often forget this; and therefore instead of swallowing your food in sullen silence, instead of brooding over your business, instead of severely talking about others, let the conversation be genial, kind, so? cial and cheering. Don't bring disagreeable things to the table in your conversation any more than you would in your dishes. Forthis reason, too, the more good company you have at your table the better for your children.? Every conversation with children at your table is an educator of the family. Hence the intel? ligence and the refinement and the appropriate behavior of a family which is given to hospi? tality. Never feel that intelligent visitors can be anything but a blessing to you and you;-*.. How few nave fully gotten hold of the fact that company and conversation at the table are no small part of education J ? Why cannot a deaf man be .legally. con? demned for murder? Because the law says, a man cannot be rondemWd without a bms ing.