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An Independent Family Journal?Devoted to Politics, Literature and General Intelligence. VOL. 3. S BY H?YT ?.WALTEES. TEHMS: 5fWO SOLLABS. AND A HALF PEE ANNT7M, IS tjsitbd states C?H&eS'cY. RATES OF ADVERTISING. Advertisements inserted at the rates of One Dol? lar per square of twelve lines for the firstinsertion b.nd~.Fifly ' Cents, for euch, subsequent insertion; Liberal deductions made t? those who advertise by the year. For annd?ntiing a candidate-, Five Dollars In advance.' Iketter from Hon. B. Fi Perry. To'the. Editors of the Columbia Phoenix t There is still heart and life in the re? public. The recent opinion of the Attor? ney-General shows that civil liberty is hot yet dead in tho American Govern? ment. He has demolished the absolute despotism of the military commanders in tho Southern States.. They are no. lon? ger to make laws for us, and remove, at will, our public officers.... The State Gov? ernments are to bo recognized and con? tinued as provisional.governments, with all; tttfils'political machinery. This is a bright gleam of sunshine breaking through "the blick clouds of tyranny and absolu? tism which hovered over the Southern States during the past year. All may yet be well, if we do not'Voluntarily dishon? or ourselves by riveting the Chains which have been thrown over us in voting for a Convention. We must have endurance, patience and long suffering under our op? pression and tyranny. Brave men, who coolly and deliberately undertook to con? quer* four to one, and fought gallantly through a hundred bloody fields of battle*. should not now, in the hour of peace, i take ebnnsel from base fear, and be panic stricken with their own apprehensions. There must be a reaction at the North. The Democratic party is daily increasing in numbers and strength. Their cause is just before Heaven, They are fighting for constitutional liberty and self-govern ?tnent, and their next elections will sweep the Black Republican party out of exis? tence. We must never forget that this is lt ? white man's Government." It was so in its origin, and has so continued up to the present time. White men settled the ^country, achieved their independence, and iramed the Government for white men " solely and exclusively. Negro equality :and negro suffrage were never thought of Jby. our revolutionary ancestors, North or South.- Massachusetts.and all New Eng iand were as positive in this matter as South Carolina, lt was known and ac? knowledged that the African was of an inferior l'ace, incapable of airy high intel? lectual culture, and utterly unfit for re? publican rule. . They were held as slaves, and l'ecrjgnized as chattels by the Puri? tans themselves. The}- were bought and Btqlen in Africa by the New Englanders, and brought to America lot' sale as slaves., This horrible traffic has been a great ] source.of wealth and prosperity to New England; For four :thous^and years, the history of the negro; in Africa, shows no sign of improvement, . It is only by long and continued association with the white toan that hj?Jniitation has enabled him to adopt ? low degree of civilisation. Pro - fessor Agassiz Has" recently made manifest that the negro Is of a totally different kicefrom that Of the white man, greatiy inferior, and had a different origin. - If the rump Congress had pursued the .ordinary course of a half-civilized and blood-thirsty people, after the war Was over, and hung two or three hundred of | vts-yOt as many thousands, ih each of the Southern States, it would have been an . act of great mercy and wisdom to the Southern peoplCj instead of the" cunning and malicious scheme of humiliation1, de fradation and terrorism with which they j ave punished the whole. South, men, \ woniefi and children; Unionists and seces-j sionists, innocent and guilty, equally. \ Tho barbarism of a negro govern men t$ gradually growing worse and more cruel, entailed on ourselves and posterity forev? er, is intolerable and diabolical. The rad? icals were deteffed, by the opinion of the "World, from their death victimSj in this civilized and Christian age. But, by a refinement in cruelty peculiarly their own, they have inflicted a mental punishment ?fconscious dishonor on all alike} and, at -the same time, have provided for strength? ening and perpetuating their political Jwwer as a party. This punishment is j not Inflicted for a day or a year, but to ] continue till ft Is Wiped out, as it ultimate-1 ly will ~ be, in the blood of both races, j The horrible scenes of San Domingo are > destined to be re-enacted In South Cai-o-1 lina. Negro suffrage has been fairly, fully and effectually tried in Jamaica, Under the most favorable auspices. It was estab? lished thero some years since, and has been fostered and sustained by a fanati? cism in England, against continued riots, | insurrections and rebellions, which it has, I t^t all times, produced. At length, it had j to be taken away, for the peace and quiet j of the island. The failure is acknowl? edged. The negro has shown himself in? capable of exercising the rigut of suf-1 frage peaceably and wiselv f ? ? . ' V. iij Jamaica, just as it is about to be thrust on the people of the South as a punishment, and for the advancement of I the political power of the radical party. The history of the negro government in San Domingo ought to show the imprac? ticability of its existence anywhere, with? out the most horrible consequences. If we turn to Africa, and look at the negro there, we shall have still stronger evi? dence of his incapacity for the exercise of | political power. With all these terrible and damning facts staring us in the face, and with our own perfect knowledge of the negro character, we are about to confer on him, voluntarily, the right of suffrage and eo oial equality with ourselves! At tho same time, we are going to voluntarily disfranchise and degrade all those amongst us who have been distinguished or promi? nent in political life! With deep pain and. regret, I would ask if any people in the world, pretending to civilization and Christianity, have ever before pursued so base and suicidal a coarser Athens gcorned the proposition of Phillip to give up her brators and be pr?lected. ? bUhd of robbers would feel some compunctions of honor and conscience in securing their own safety by giving up to punishment their chief. It is told-, to the eternal infa? my of the Scotch nation, that they sold to the English, for a sum of money, their native sovereign-, against whom they were waging ? terrible war." But the people of South Carolina are about selling, to the Black Republicans, all the public raeh whom they have heretofore loved and honored, for the humble boon of being placed themselves on an equality with their former slaves, and having those freedrnen to rule over them " and their wives and sons and daughters forever ! In recording and contrasting these two public acts, history miiBt regard the Scotchman, in the reign of Charles the First; as a wise gentleman, compared to the Carolinian of the present day. At the beginning of our secession move? ment) the political cry, everywhere, Was that "Southern men must govern the South." Now, the cry is, that we must have the Union restored by disfranchising our public men and enfranchising our former slaves. In other words, " the I South must, be governed by negroes !" ! John Qufhtty Adams, in speaking of the. ; punishment of impeachment, declared; in Congress, that he preferred the punish? ment of death to being declared by his country incapable of holding office. To this infamy is now added, for the South? ern infthj inability to. vote* and the disgust of seeing the negro take his place in pol? itics. But this sacrifice, puinful as it was to Mr. Adams, and must be to every hon? orable man, would be cheerfully made by the public men of South Carolina, if it Was all that Was required of the State. The dishou?r of negro suffrage might be borne, too, ii it Were not for that social equality which must ensue, and that dark future which is presented to every intel? ligent mindi Iu that future, we shall see legislation the most iniquitous?agrarian ism the most abhorrent?and crimes the most atrocious?with miser}' beyond en? durance to the women and children of the South. Is there a gentleman in South Caroli? na} or even a decent ttiattj Who Wishes to see negro equality and negroes holding office? Is there one who thinks that the leading men of the-State should bo dis? franchised and not allowed to hold office under the Govern then t ? Surely not, ev? ery jno will answer. How, then, can they voto for such self-degradation, and injustice to others-?friends and honored men ? What reason do they give for con? duct so monstrous? The only reason I have heard is, that something worse will be imposed. What that something is? worse than negro equality and a negro Government?! am at a loss to know. But this is taking counsel of our fears, which no honorable man should ever do. No danger and no- punishment should ever induce him to degrade himself, or to do a dishonorable act. He should rather meet the consequences, be those conse? quences what they may?the dungeon or death; It really seems that the Southern peo? ple have been so borne down with trou? ble., oppression, tyranny and starvation, that their minds; as well as their princi? ples, are unsettled. A lady remarked to me, the other day, that it sedmed to her "the Spirit of the men was crushed out." When I hear it gravely proposed to'aban? don our friends at the North and form new associations. I begin to think that not dhly all spirit; but all principle and all sense,- have beert crushed out of us. The Democratic party North have always been the allies ot the South, from the origin of our Government. They have, since' the war, as they did before the War, made sacrifices of their popularity and their political honors in defending the South. They have fought our battles, in Congress und out of Congress, with a spirit and deVotian^to principle worthy of a band of martyrs. A few thousand votes will put this party in ptfWer all over the North, and those votes they are daily acquiring. Then the Southern States will all be restored to the Union, with their constitutional rights unimpaired. Just at this time; when this death struggle is go? ing on lor our rights and honor, and we see our friends and.allies about to gain the victory, we are advised to withdraw from them, with a parting stab under the left rib, and seek new associations .' Dan? iel Webster once said to Mr. Calhoun, in debate, that his fCalhoun's) idea of check? ing an ally in Dattie would have been something new in tactics to the Great Frederick. I think the idea of abandon? ing an ally in battle, and going over to the enemy, is sOIi}?vhi?? in strategy bold? er than the idea advanced by Mr. Cal? houn. It belongs to the school of Bene. diet Arnold. . In a short time, the registering of vo? ters will commence. No one should de? cline to register. It matters not how much he may be disgusted with politics, or how much be is opposod to negro suf? frage and a Convention. Let him regis? ter in self-defence, whether he intends to vote in this election or not; he may wish to voto in some future election; this he cannot do unless he now registers. It is at all times unwise to relinquish a right, though you may never expect to exercise it. No man would like for the Govern? ment to disfranchise him, and ho should not, ^ therefore, disfranchise himself. A man's opinion often changes. I only ad viso him to be in a condition to gratify his. wishes. There is a story of an old man who never had been out of his town, and never wished or expected to go out. The king ordered that he should not leave, and he then became dissatisfied arid wished to leave the city. Let those who refuse to register take care that they do* not find themselves in tho condition of this old man. Having registered, it becomes the duty of every good man to vote, whether he is opposed Or in favor of' a Convention. If the Convention is to assemble, every citi? zen is deeply interested in having it com? posed of good men. They who are Op? posed to the call of a Convention are as much bound to vote for the candidates as those who are in favor of calling the Con? vention. If the selection of candidates is left to the negroes and bad white men, all may be disfranchised who have been in the Confederate army. If the selec? tion is left to the negroes, they may de? clare in Convention all white persons disfranchised. "We must not permit the government of the State to fall into un? worthy hands, if we can possibly7 prevent it. Look at the State of Tennessee and see the deplorable condition of the people there?a negro regiment, under Governor Brownlow, committing all sorts of depre? dations on the property ilnd persons of the peaceable inhabitants of the State; GoV: Brownlow himself declaring Whole counties disfranchised. This sad condi? tion of affairs was the consequence of the good citizens refusing to have anything to do with the first elections Which took place ih Tennessee after the close of the War. No matter how much you may loathe and detest the call of a Convention, and feel that it is the greatest humilia? tion and dishonor that can be inflicted on a free people, still yoli should vote for members of that Convention. Tbe Con? vention will have to make for you and your children a State Constitution. Having voted for' members of the Con? vention to represent your wishes and principles, then endorse on your ticket, "against Convention:" If a majority of the votes cast be against Convention no Convention will assemble, and the State will be left as it is at present, under mili? tary rule, with her Constitution unchang? ed, and her rights as a State unsactlficed, by her people. If the majority should be in favor of Convention, it will assem? ble, and the good men chosen by you will be there to protect your rights and inter? ests, as far as it may be in their power. The military bill leaves it entirely with the registered voters to say whether a Convention shall assemble or not: The voters have an unquestionable right to exercise their sound discretion. They are not ordered to Call a Convention, and whilst option is left them, by the powers that be, they should not voluntarily re? linquish the fights of the State, and the principles of self-government. B. F. PERKY. Greenville, S. C, June 23, 1867. P. S.?Since writing the above, I have recejved the Louisville Courier, published at Louisville, Kentucky, from which I make the following extract. Letters re? ceived from prominent men in Boston. Philadelphia, St. Louis;.New Haven and other portions ?f tlic North, use pretty much the same language, and express a confident hope of re-action there : "It does seem to us that it is the patri? otic' atid Imperative duty of e'tfery man who Would not see negro Governments established in the Southern States, and white men disfranchised and proscribed, not Only to register, but to vote against Convention. Tne Sonther'fl man who votes for Convention will fix a brand cf infamy upon his name which will cling to it, and descend with it to his children, so long as the' tvrohgs of the South are re rfife'mbe're'd among men or are recorded in impartial history." -o-? Homicide of a Ctfl?&E? Register.-?A few weeks since, at Greensboro', Ala., Mr. John C. Orrick shot and killed a negro", by the h.'iriic of Aleck Webb, who had been appointed one of the Registers fat Hall county. Considerable excitement was the result; and for several days a col? lision of the two races appeared imminent. The Montgomery Adsertiser of a late date gives the following Vefsidh of the affair: "Webb; the colored register",- Walked into the store of Orrick and made ti state merit; which vlr'aa denied by some colored boys present: Orrick interceded, sustain? ing che positi?fl of the' b?ys; and his as? sertion Was pronounced a d?d lie. He asked Webb if he knew wlio be was talk? ing to. The negro fcplied that ho did ; a d?d son of a b?h. Orrick drew a pis? tol, shot him, and, as soon as he could ar? range his papers, left. The matter had nothing to do with tho registry, and the colored man forfeited his lifo lor a most wanton insult, and as many white men have done under similar circumstances." A Narrow Escape.?At Nashville, 17th instant, the telegraph operators narrowly escaped with their lives, so violent woro the flashes of electricity. Tho JBanncr says: Most of the instruments were saved by being cut out. The instruments connect? ed with the wire leading to Memphis had not been cat, out, and the operator, Mr. Lonergan, was transmitting messages to thut point, but fortunately had opened his "key," thereby breaking the circuit, to ask a question regarding a message. Doubtless his lifo was thus providentially spared. As it was, ho received a stun? ning, shock, starting back in terror and amazement at tho blinding flash and stunning report, and affording no little amusement to hw comrades by endeavor in"1 to back over the table. From the brass points m the switch board, light? ning streamed six or eight feet into tho room, causing a general' stampede and scattering among the "rfghtning boys." Outside of the office a ball of firo about a foot in diameter was seen to leap from one wire to another, a distance of several feet. ? William White^Esq., for many years proprietor of the Charleston Hotel, died in that city on last Saturday. From the Columbia Phoenix, July 3. _ Gov. Perry Again. We publish, this hiornirtg, another let? ter from -the Hon. B. P. Perry. It is a courtesy due to his position and his for? mer services to the State; but we must say, frankly, that we publish this letter with reluctance, however opposed we may be to any ostracism ot the press, or closing our columns against the utterance of opinions adverse to our own, and to the policy that we believe is the Only true and conservative line of action t hat South Carolina or the Southern States should, under present circumstances, pursue.? And we would say, moreover, in relation to this communication, that, in our hum? ble judgment, (t is destitute of any argu? ment to sustain the writer's position in urging the people of South Carolina to vote against a Convention, when it is con? ceded by men of every shade of opinion that such a Convention will be held in this State. Governor Perry felicitates himself on the "bright gleam of sunsbihe" which emah;;tcs from the opinion of the Attor? ney-General; We opine that this gleam will be very short-lived, if the Congress organizes to-day in special session; A de? claratory supplemental Act, passed by that bod}T during the contemplated brief session, will render the opinion utterly worthless?yeUj do more?will invest Gen. Sheridan and the other commanders with a supreme power none of them have yet assumed. No hope of relief there, should a quorum meet in the halls of Congress to-day. And even should there not bo a quorum, notwithstanding the opinion of MY. Stanbery, the work of reconstruction would go on, for the Acts have not been pronounced unconstitutional by the law officer of the Government, and the only point he makes is, that, in some instances, the commanding generals have tran? scended their legitimate powers; accord? ing to his construction of the laws. The President is bound to execute these laws to their finality, of course, under the Attor? ney-General's construction, but still they icill be executed, and neither Governor Pcny, tior arty Ohe who may be of his opinion, has given us one good reason why we should he ohstroporous, and fight against a law; the execution of* which is to be enforced; not by the civil, but by the military authorities; Tropes and figures, appeals to State pride; and calling to remembrance gallant deeds, are nut arguments:' The men who fought under Lee, Hampton, Longstreet, Kershaw and other Southern leaders, and who, as Governor Perry says, ?''undertook to conquer/our to one, and fought gallant? ly through a hundred fields of battle," are more likely to follow the advice of those leaders than the counsels of one who, staying at home, (very properly, no doubt,) opposed persistent)}*; even to the bitter end; and with all his ability, as con? ductor of a pi-ess, started for that very purpose, and as a legislator, that cause for which those soldiers fought, to whom he now appeals, by their votes at the ballot, to oppos? reconstruction of the Government. There is, we must be per? mitted say, an inconsistency in the pub? lic and political course of our distinguish? ed correspondent, that is unaccountajblo, if we look for its existence to any ordina? ry causes. But the bits-bear' of negro government, the dark and dismal spectres of "San Do? mingo" and "Jamaica," are again held up in all their fearful ghastliness to affright our people. On no grounds whatever can such apprehensions exist; Even the writer himself intimates, when speaking of the history of Africa, that the long as? sociation of the race with the whites of the South has endowed him with "a low degree of civilization." But we are dis? cussing facts, and it is facts we have to deal with now, and we would ask where, in two years they have been emancipated, have the freed people given any reason for the apprehensions expressed by Gov. Perry; They are building churches and school-housses ? many of them are pro? fessing Christians, and a large number of them intelligent?sufficient to-control the more unenlightened among them ; and the sombre forebodings indulged in by Gov. Perry, 60 far as we can discover, have no foundation whatever, that we can per? ceive?and, therefore, we regard them as the offspring of the gloomy imaginings of a despairing mind.- Were it Otherwise, however, our esteemed correspondent has failed to* enlighten us how all these terri? ble evils could be arrested by voting "against Convention"?the only remedy he proposes, the only panacea for the mitigation of present or future woes. To our plain, common sense, and, per? haps, limited understanding, tho course recommended by Governor Perry, is that which, if anything could do it, would beget the state of affairs he apprehends and deprecates. It would at once create un antagonism between the two races, and would inflame and excite that popu? lation, who have bonn and arc still being taught that tho whites of the South will not concede to them tho rights und privi? leges conferred upon them by Congress and tho Government. It is easy to fore? see that this antagonism, fostered and promoted by bad men find politicians, would become beyond control, wero the white people of this State or the South to stubbornly oppose a law which they be? lieve confers, and which does confer, upon i them a certain enfranchisement, and en? dows them with certain privileges. We I regret that Governor Perry saw fit, in or? der to strengthen his position, to call up the examples he has brought forward, and, in this way, suggest to tho more ig -vc-rant and untutored that which nothing but, the antagonism his policy, if carried out, could engender among those to whom he refers. Wo are thoroughly convinced that his counsels are fraught with- mis? chief to both races, and should bo avoided. We have endeavored to show that op? position to the reconstruction laws must lead to art antagonism between the races, and that such antagonism might eventu? ate in open conflict?the most terrible of all evils that could befall the Southern people. As Governor Brown said in a re? cent address to the freedmen at Milledge ville; the thing moat to be feared is a quarrel or w?f* of races. It would be nearly the ruin of both, but they (the freedmeh) would be the greatest sufferers, from the fact that the whites in the South are in a majority of two to one. But this is a theme we do not wish to dwell upon, and trust that the good sense ?f both will guide them in the way of harmony and peace to the goal of restoration and a re? united country. But to the other point: Governor Per? ry says if We have no Convention, we will remain as we are?nnder military rule. This is even doubtful, for we believo a se? verer rule Would be established, if not universal disfranchisement and confisca? tion; Remain as we are ! Are our peo? ple prepared for this continuance? Are our planters, with half-stocked farms and scarcely enough provisions; without mon? ey and without credit, content to remain as they arc? Are our merchants, from the highest to the lowest, doing little or no business; without even ordinary com? mercial credit, content to remain as they are ? Are our mechanics and artisans, with curtailed employmentaud low wages, from a- lack of capital among employers, and paying heavy taxes, content to re? main as the}' are? And assuredly not only will all these classes in the field of industry remain as they are, if we are not restored to the Union, but the future will be worse than the present; Not a dollar of foreign capital will come to the South until her political relations are restored; And this is told us by those who have that capital to advance. Money is abun? dant at tho North, and there is a plethora of it both there and in Europe, and yet the owners of the fertile lauds of the South, or the owners of other real estate in the Southern cities and towns cannot raise a dollar, even by mortgaging such property at one-fourth of its value. Re? main as we are?willfully unreconstructed ?and the struggle to regain our lost pros? perity; or to secure the means of any sort of existence in the future, will be terrible, but short, sharp and decisive against us. It is useless to refer to Governor Per? ry's hopes from the Democratic party, or tiny other party at the North. The Dem? ocrats of that section may have fought our battles, as Governor P. says; but they were bloodless battles, fought on the field of politics for abstract principles?and fought, too, for party success and for the spoils of office, that grand cohesive power of the party. But when the real strug? gle came?when the Star of the West turned her prow and Fort Suriiter was attacked?did they fight our battles then ? The warDemocrats became a power which strengthened the hands of tho Govern? ment, and had it not been for their sup? port, a settlement of the difficulties, either in or out of the Union, would have taken place. As it was then, so would it be again, and it is unworthy of an experienced politician to attempt to inspire hope in the Southern mind, through the success of any national party whatever, so long as reconstruction and re-union are op? posed by our people. Governor Perry closes this communica? tion with very good advice as to registra? tion and voting for members of the con? vention, and he sustains the position taken by very sound argument. The preceding portions of his letter had been better left unwritten, for thoy completely nullify the effect of his concluding counsels, by keep? ing, as they may do, and are calculated to do, many citizens from the registration offices and from the polls. _-1> Tickle the Parson.?An old Dutch farmer had a handsome daughter, named Minnie, who recently joined the Metho? dist Church, against which the old farmer was somewhat prejudiced. The young minister' under' whose instrumentality Miss Minnie was converted, visiting her frequently, excited his suspicion that all was not right. Accordingly lie visited the Church on Sunday night, and seated himself, unobserved, among tho congre? gation. Soon after taking his scat, the minister, who was preaching from Daniel, 5th chapter,- 25th verse, repeated in a loud voice, the words of his text, "Mene, meue, tekcl upharsin," upon which the old far? mer sprang to his feet, seized the affright? ed girl by the arm, and hurried her out of thc=meetiii?r house. Having reached the church-yard, he gave vent to his feelings in the words: "I knows dare' vas sometings whr'chg, and now I schwares to 'em." "Why, father, what do you mean," re? plied his bewildered and innocent girl. "Didn't I," shouted the old man, strik? ing his fists together, and stamping with his foot, "didn't I hear the parson call out to you. Minnie, Minnie, tickle de parson !" Raising Potatoes.?The Bastrop (Tex? as) Advertiser states that a farmer of that county raised 300 bushels of sweet pota? toes to the acre. A man in one of the coast counties beat all this on a small scale. He raised a bushel from one square yard of his neighbor's ground in a single night. He says the dark of the moon is the best for raising potatoes on his meth? od. Nice Boy.?"Did tho den-tist kiss you when he pulled your tooth, pa?" Father?"No, my son. Why ??" Nice Boy?"Well, he kissed ma, and she said it took tho j>che all away; and I think it did, for she laughed all tho way home." The Intelliffencer Job Office Having recently made considerable additions to' this department, we are prepared to execute miB wmiK ?? ahh mm? In the neatest style ahd on the most reasonable terms. Legal Blanks, Bill Heads, Posters, Card?, Handbills. Pamphlets, Labels, and in fact every style of work usually done In a country Printing Office. Jggy* In all cases, the money will be required upon delivery oi the work. Orders, accompanied with the cash, will receive prompt attention. The Muster-Rolls of the Confed? erate Army. The New York Tribune publishes an, abstract fr'?m documents , which fell into the hands of the United States at the downfall of the Confederacy, of the re? turns of all the Confederate armies, from their organisation in the Summer of 18G1 down to the Spring bf 1865. It appears from these documents that the number of Confederate troops at the east and west was throughout nearly equal, and that, -with the exception, bf September, 1863, when Longstreet, with his corp's, was sent from Virginia to Tennessee, no considerable body of soldiers was ever moved from one army to the other. The .greatest number on the Confederate mus? ter-rolls at any ono lime was 550,000, and this was when every male from 17 to 50 was enrolled in the army. The greatest number present for duty at any one time in the whole Confederucy, and that only for a brief period, was '300,000. There were not three periods of a month when they had 250,000. At ?iily three periods did the Army of Northern Virginia, un? der Lee, number 100,000 men fit for duty; In October, 1861, when McClellan con? fronted Johnston at Manassas, the actual force of Johnston was less than 40,000, and in December, Only 54,000. When, in April, 1862; McClellan landed on the Pe? ninsula, Magruder had 15,000 men; and when McClellan assailed Yorktown thd Confederates had on the whole Peninsula less than 50,000. When he reached the Chickahominy the Confederates had at JRichmond but 47,000, increased at the close of May to about 60,000. effectives. On the 26th of June, when Lee began his movement against McClellan, the Con? federates numbered a little more than 100,000 effective men. When, after the battle of Gettysburg, Meade reached the Bappahannock, Lee had 41,0T)0. . The Confederacy was at its highest point of military efficiency ill the early Summer of 1863, when the movement into Pennsyl? vania was commenced. Eveiy able-bodied man, except those in the workshops and civil departments, was enrolled ; seveh out often were actually present, and six out of ten were "present for duty." When the Confederate arm}", in April, 1865; withdrew from Petersburg, it is supposed not to have numbered, all told, 35.000 men; Particulars of Maximilian's Death; The following particulars have been re? ceived of Maximilian's execution. The trial of Maximilian, Mejia and Miramon ended On the 14th.. They were sentenced to be execated on the 16th. Juarez sus? pended the execution for three days, and they were shot on the 19th, at 11 a: m. Colonels are sentenced to six years im? prisonment ; Lieutenant-Colonels five years; minor officers two years. Briga? diers and exceptional officers to be tried by court-martial. The. City of Mexico surrendered to Diaz on the 21st. .. Juarez sent him a con? gratulatory note, with directions as to tho disposition of prisoners, saying, "you will transfer native prisoners to your own command, or put them at liberty,. accor? ding to circumstances; Foreign prison? ers you will retain for further disposition by the Government" Among the archives taken on the oc? cupation of Yueratara were somo docu? ments relative to the last will of Maxi? milian, wherein; in case of his death; Thcodosia, Larez, Jose; Maria, Lacurna and Marquise; tho assassins of Tuenba, were declared regents. Escobedo writes from Querataro : "By executing a few of these master traitors, I have made terror the order of the day everywhere. I have imposed large con? tributions on the rich, confiscated their propert}*, and in all those places where I could do so in person, my delegates have strictly complied with my orders, and I hope before closing my military career, to see the blood of every foreigner spilt who resides in my countiy." There is a report that Maximilian was shot in the face, and the Mexican Gene? rals in the back as traitors. Both the Liberal and Imperial papers of Brownsville condemn the execution. The Ranchcro is in full mourning. Tho Governor of Ma tu morns had all the bells rung and rockets fired on the reception of the news of the execution. He sent official information of the fact to General Reynolds. -o ? A Special Washington dispatch to the Philadelphia Press saj-s: "Letters received here from prominent members of both houses of Congress indicate that at the coming meeting of* that body, tho provisional governments now existing in the South will be entirely abolished, and the territorial plan advocated by Senator Sumner and Hon. Thaddens Stevens some time ago, adopted. Prominent Southern Unionists declare that whrle these gov? ernments remain in force, thorough rc construetion is impossible." Tite Age of the Pofe.?Pope Pius is now in his seventy-sixth year, and in tho twenty-second year of his pontificate. There is a curious superstition in Italy which predicts great evil of the Catholio Church whenever a Tope shall sit in the chair of St. Peter for twenty-five years. No one has 3-et reached that term, al? though Pius VII came very near it. -?' ? Rev. Henry Slicer, D. D. of Balti? more, one of the board of visitors to West Point, being invited to preach on Sunday in' the chapel of the military school, gave the students a rousing temperance sermon, spiced with some wholesome denunciation of duellimr.