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BY HOYT & HUMPHREYS. ^ANDERSON C. IL, S. C, THURSDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 21, 1865. VOLUME 1.-NUMBER 27. ' The Intelligencer' ''IS'PUBLISHED TVEEEXY <? (tt T&EEE D?ELAHS PEE ANKUM, IN U. S. CURRENCY, r0B, 52.00 A YEAS IN SPECIE. HATES OF ADVERTISING. I Advertisements inserted at tlio. rafps of One Dol ' lar por square of Wclve iines for the first insertion and Fifty Cents for each subsequent insertion, j Obituaries and Marriage Notices charged for'at . these rates. ^Department Reports. Last week we published the President's message, and to-day we give the sub? stance of the most interesting depart 'ment reports: . REPORT OP TUE SECRETARY OF WAR. Mr. Stan ton reports. that the military 'operations by the'last Congross amounted ;to tho sum of $510.240,131. The military ''estimates for tho next fiscal year amount 'to $38.814,561.83. The'national military force on the 1st of May, 1805, numbered 1,000,516 iron. It is proposed to reduce the military - establishment to 50,000 troops, and over 800.000 -havo already been mustered out"of sorvice. The cause ;of .this groat reduction is, of course, the end of the rebellion, and the return of. the States arrayed against tho Union to 'tho national authority. 1 Tdio Socrctary : gives an extended review'of the military operations of tho past two years' cam? paigns, in every department. On tho 1st of May, 1.8G4, the aggregate national ;force was 970,710 inch ; but the effective force is put dewn at 002,345. .The Commissioner-General of Prison 'ers reports that, between the 1st of Jan? uary and tho 20th of October, there were in'our custody, 98,802 prisoners of war. Of these, 1,055 enlisted into the United "service, 03,442 were released after tbe cessation of hostilities, and 33,127 were delivered in exchange. Besides those, 174,223 prisoners surrendered in the de? ferent rebel armies, and were reward on parole, vi*.: Army of Kofi horn Virginia, commanded by Gen. R. E. Leo. J7305; 'army of Tennessee and others, comman? ded by Gen. J. E. Johnston, 3.1,243 j Gen. ?Jeff. Thompson's army of Missouri, 7,978; miscellaneous paroles, department of Vir? ginia, 9,072; paroled at Cumberland, Ma? ryland, and other stations, 9,377; paroled by Gen. MeCcok*i Alabama and Flori? da. G,42S; army of the department of 'Alabama, Lieut. Gen. 11. Taylor, 42,293; army of the Trans-Mississippi depart? ment, Gen. E. K. Smith, 17,080; paroled in the department of "Washington, 3,390; paroled in Virginia, Tennessee, Georgia, Alabama, Louisiana and. Texas, 13,?'22; surrendered at Nashville and Ghaj||anoo ga, Tenncssoo, 5,029; total, 174,223. .Looking -io the causes that have accom pT^sWd the national deliverance, says tho Secretary in conclusion, there seems no room henceforth to doubt the stability of the Federal Union. These causes aro permanent, and must always have an ac? tive existence. The majesty of national power has been exhibited in tho courage and faith of its citizens, and the ignominy . of rebellion is witnessed by tho hopeless ond of the great rebellion. REPORT OP THE SSORETART OF TUE TP.EA8 ; . TJRT. . J This report will 1)0 read with an inter ?istperhaps unequalled since the days of William Daane, Nicholas Biddlo, and the United States Bank. Seldom has an ex? ecutive document been lookod for with more anxiety. "Wo subjoin but a brief synopsis, deferring, a more ample ab? stract : The Secretary discusses the three ques? tions of tho currency, the public debt and the revenue Ho goes into a full exposi? tion of the objections to United States notes as a permanent curroncy, tho chief of which he states to bo the fact ihat tho Government of tho Unitod States is one of limited and defined powers, and that the authority to is3uo notes as money is neither expressly given to Congress by tho Constitution, nor fairly to be inferred \ except as a measure of necessity in a great national emergency. He holds it to be the "crowning glory of tho Consti? tution that this great war has been waged and closed without the power of the Gov? ernment being enlarged or fts relations to the States being changed." Tho Secretary, after very ably meeting the various objections to a reduction of tho currency, recommends: First. That Congress declare that the the compound intorest notes shall cease to be a legal fender from the day of their maturity. Second. T-hiiVthc Secretary be author? ized, in his discretion, to soli bonds of the United States bearing interest at a rate dot excoedihg six per cent, and redcoma fjb'le and payable at such periods as may 5o conducive fa tho interest of the Gov ^tfW^lf^Wo of retiring not! only compound interest notes, but tho "Limited States notes. In rcfcrcnco to tho debt, tho Secretary believes that, if kept at home, it need not be oppressive, but that it is still a national burden,.and the work of remov? ing it should not belong- postponed. The Secretary sees uo v,-ay of remov? ing it but by an increase of tho national income over tho expenditures. It 6hould bo our ambition not to bequeath it to our descendants. The first step should be to fund the maturing obligations. . The next should be to provide for raising, in the least odious manner^ the revenuo necessary to pay the interest and a certain definite an? nual amount fur the payment of tho prin? cipal. Air. jMcCulloch hopes that Con? gress will be decided and emphatic on this point. The debt on the 31st of October was ?2,S0S,5-19,437.55; deducting the moneys in the Treasury it was 82,740,854,750. He estimates it in July 1,1S?6. at $3,-000,C00, 000. The annual interest, if funded at five and-a-h'nlf per c?nt., would be-9165u 000,000, but if funded at five per cent., it would bo $150.000,000." If 8200,000,000 per annum should be applied to pay accruing intercut, and to 'reduce the principal funded at the higher rato of fivo per cent, the debt would be paid in thirty-two years, or at five and-a half por eont., in a little over twenty eight years. Tho Secretary believes that no Aet of Congress would bo moro popular than ono which should provide for* cue!: an ex? tinguishment of the debt. Upon the subject of internal revenue, the reports recommends: First. That tho collection of tho Inter? nal Revenue Taxe?, which accrued before the establishment of revenue offices in the SitatcS recently in rebellion, bo in? definite !}r postponed. Second. That all sales of properly in those States, under the Direct Tax Law," be suspended until the States shall have an opportunity of assuming (as was done by tho loyal States) tho payment.of the tax assessed upon them. Third. That all transactions in such States, which ma}'be invalid by tho non use of stamps, be legalized as far as it is in tho power of Congress to legalize thpm. Tho Secretary regards the national banking system as one of tho great com? pensations of the war. and gives somo in? teresting statistics about its operations. RETORT OF TUE COMl'TUOLLER OF THE CUR . HENCY. The report of lion. Froenian II. Clarko, Comptroller of Cie Currency, gives a clcarTstatcjmjytt~flf tho condition of tho' financpsTand recommends important chan? ges iff our financial system. Tho Comp? troller urges a return to a specie basis, and sWgcsts, as the most available meth? od of "attaining it, the fundi i?- and con-.' sequent retirement of a portion of tho in? active circulation shown to be now held in rc^Wvc. By a gold valuation of our imports and exports, it is estimated that a balance hau accrued against this coun? try during tho four years previous to the 30th of June last of ^308,000,000. As a remedy for this, the Comptroller recom? mends an increase of the rate Of duties just in proportion as tho price of gold and foreign exchange may recedoj to be fol? lowed by tho graduated reduction of such increase, say ten per cent., at the expira? tion of each six months, until brought down to the original rato. In the mean? time, by a steady reduction of the volnme of rodocmablo currency and consequent roduction of prices, wo would bo ablo onco moro to place our manufactured and agri? cultural productions on a footing that would onablc them to cuter into success? ful cornpotition with those of other na? tions in the market of the world. As the first step to be taken towards a reduction of the G?Voramcirt issues used aa a currency, the conversion of all the interest-hearing legal tender notes into fivo-twenty six per cent, bond?, is urged. It is also BUggcs'tecI that the national cur? rency Act bo sc amended as to allow an increase of the limit to 5100.000,000. on condition only that all the banks bo re? quired to redeem their notes in New York, Boston or Philadelphia, and also that an issue of six per cent, five-twenty bonds be authorized to tho amount that it will require to secure the additional cireulat:on under tlie provisions of the Act, which bonds, the banks, when or? ganized; shall purchase, as each may re? quire, of the Secretary of the Treasury, at such fair raies ?s he may from time to time prescribe but not less than thoir par value, and pay for the samo in tho United States legal tender notes, and all notes so received shall bo cancelled and destroyed. The tariff, it is suggested, can be so ad? justed as to produce 3120,000,000, of which j SIOO.GOO.OQO should bo raised on whiskey, m malt liquors and wines. It is estimated that tho cotton crop of noxt year will amount to between 2,500,000 and 3,000, 000 of bales, on which might be levied a tax of eight cents per pound, whicb/would rcalizo ?180,000,000, moro rthan sufficient to pay the interest on tho public debt af? ter tho entire amount is funded. The li? cense and stamp duties, it is thought, could bo dispensed with after the next fiscal year. report of the commissioner of tee in? ternal revenue. The Commissioner remarks his recent accession to the post and consequent brief time in which to prepare his views, and offers some general considerations of in? terest and importance. The amount of revenue raised in one year, up to tho 30th Juno last, was equal to all the revenues of the United States from the foundation of the Government up to 1812, and yet 1,000,000 of men wcro withdrawn from productive labo^ and the marino was re? latively idle. Tim following arc ?ome of the aggregates: Receipts for 1803, $41, 003,192.03'; receipts for 1SC4, $116,850, 072.14 ? receipts for 1805, $129,529,017. The tax on distilled spirits has been a failure in a groat 'degree, but from causes believed to have boon obviated. The cost of collecting tho revenno is estimated to have boon throo and a half per centum of recoipts up to tho present 3-car, a sum much below the cost of Brit? ish revenue, as shown by a citation intro? duced into tho report. This will surprise many. Tho per contum of the last fiscal year is estimated at two and tlircc-lourths. The current fiscal year, ending June 30, I860, the cost will "be greater, owing to the sparsely inhabited and unsettled con-, ton of tho South. Tho current fiscal yoar is expected to bring $272,000,000 rovenue. Tho Commissioner recommends that tho power to appoint Assistant Asses? sors, now, in the opinion of tho Attorney . <&cncrai, in tho President only, be It'god in the~8ccictary of tho Treasury by law. lie recommends that the appeal sys? tem be abolished, as useless and generally neglected by parties interested. TIic penalties arc so various in the ex? isting law that it ?. is'rccommondejd that, by proper amendment, they may be sim? plified. The franking.privilegc is propo? sed for Assossors and Collectors. Section 40, Act Juno 30, 1SG4, is be? lieved to roquiro the vo.y careful atten? tion of Congress. This soction relates to collection of taxes in insurrectionary dis? tricts, and attention is call od to the mis? chief which will arise from tho fact that, for nearly three years, all instruments of writing in the South, on which* hang im? mense monetary interests, aro invalid*for want of stamps, as enjoined in schedule B of tho revenue Act, unless Congress, in some appropriate manner, relieves the matter. Section 150, of the Act of 30th Juno, 1801, would seem to rhdicat? a pur? pose at one timo of, in somo way, collect? ing the duties on succession in the insur? rectionary districts', through tho direct tax commissioners. However that may bo, there is now certainly no nocestsity for tho motion, and tho Commissioner recommends its repeal. lie also recom? mends important modifications of the law regulating stamps. But for inconvon ionco in thinly peopled districts, ho would suggest the substitution of stamped pa? per for adhesivo stamps. He thinks tho public have become sufficiently familiar with the novelty to be hold more severe? ly accountable for infraction ^f the law, and suggests more stringent remedies Important analysis arc given and re? commendations offered respecting tho ope? ration of the revenue and direct tax laws in the Sou thorn States. An increase in tho clerical force, and in their compensation, is earnestly recom? mended. ?. The following resolution was re? cently introduced in tho Virginia Legisla? ture by Mi-. Hurst, of Norfolk, and was laid upon the table : Whereas. It is currently reported and generally believed that tho celebrated Hudibrastic Genoral B. P. Butler is about to take charge of this military depart? ment with powers extraordinary; thore fore. Resolved, That whatever money may remain in tho Stato Treasury bo imme? diately divided amoug the widows and orphans of deceased soldiers, and couriers bo despatched to tho various counties ro questing the pcoplo to secrete or bury their r late. -<>-: A Kansas editor, sneering at the stu? pidity^ of a eotemporary, says: "The best thing he got off this week is a dirty shirt." It has been decided lately that a boy found on a man's door-step, may not, necessarily be his step-sail. Signs of Reaction. - The latest Northern papers we have re? ceived, (tho.;8f,h,inst.,) brings us some signs of a hqaltfty reaction in Congress. On Wednesday, Gth, both Houses adjourn? ed until Monday last, but on that da^, as wo learn from Washington correspondents of the Now York Herald and, other pa? pers, there wore several indications that the manly, frank and ablo message of the Prosident, had a wholesome influence on the movements of tho radicals in both bodies of Congress. For iostanca, on, Wednesday, the mes? sage having been delivered the day be? fore, Mr. Farnsworth, of Illinois, a radi? cal of the North-western school, submit? ted to the House, a rosolution declaring it as the senset?f that body, that good faith demands that all colored soldiers who have beon in tho service of the Union, shall enjoy all tho rights of citi? zenship. Of course, "all tho rights of citizenship" include the right of suffrage. But it appears that the House, on the spur of tho occasion, was not prepared to adopt this resolution, which, though lim? ited to colored soldiers, involved a direct^ issue with President Johnson on the ques? tion whether this thing of the right of suffrage is a matter which Iftlongs to Con? gress or to the several States. Upon this question, as tho Constitution and the usages of tho past and tho present time aro all on tho sido of the President, a break with him, it was evidently thought, was an affair entitled to a little cool con? sideration. And so, a debate arising on tho resolution, Mr. Farnsworth was judi? ciously .persuaded to let it go over to some other day, without attempting^ two-thirds test for tho suspension of the rules. It appears "that even the terrible Thaddous Stephens himself had become considerably softened sineo Monday, and was altogether in a more amiablo frame of mind on Wednesday. In the Senate, on the same day, we have another indication of a considerable modification in tho tempor of tho radi? cals. On that day, Mr. Sumncr, as the Herald informs us, introduced a resolu? tion referring to tho oath of loyalty re? quired of one class of men entering upon the dutics^of any public office, and re? marking, that "whereas it is reported that, notwithstanding tho acts of Con? gress, cortain persons have been allowed to outer upon the duties of office, (Treas? ury Department,) and to receive tho sala? ry and emoluments thereof, without ta? king tho prescribed oath, and cortain per? sons havo been appointed to offices not authorized by any previously existing law, therefore, resolved, that the Sec retaiy of the Treasury bo requested, .-so far as tho records of his department al? low," &c, to furnish tho needful informa? tion on tho subject. This resolution, over tho shouldors of the Socrctary of tho Treasury, was evidently aimod a*t tho President, and at his proceedings in reference to certain provisional officials of his in the Southorn States. Under the rule, it lies over a day, and, when called up again, wo may, perhaps, have an interesting dobato upon it. But the littlo passage at arms which followed betwoen Mr. Sumner and Mr. j Doolitflo touched tho kernel of the main question. Mr. Doolittle moved to refer that portion of tho message which treats of tho existing relations of tho lato rebel States to the Judiciary Committee. Mr. Sumncr remarked that thero was now on the Secretary's table a resolution (that of Mr. Stevens lrom the House) provi? ding for tho appointment of a joint com? mittee, to whom this subject should be referred. It would bo better, he thought, to await tho passage of this resolution, and then let tho subject (President's mes? sage in l'olation to tho South) go to that special committee. Mr. Doolittle thought that the joint resolution itself ought to go to tho Judiciary Committee, and just horo tho House proposition for an ad? journment ovor to Monday camo in and cut off any further proceedings. Here wro see against Sumner, a leading Repub? lican Senator from tho West, boldly ta? king his position on the sido of tho Pres? ident. Tho rosult will probably bo such a modification of the Stovons resolution as to leave each house, as tho Constitu? tion ordains, the judgo of the qualifica? tions of its members, instead of tying up and handing over both houses and the President to the caro of a joint commit too. We have reason to bcliere that these in? dications aro corroborated by advices from Washington, and,that as soon as tho lato seceding States have accepted tho provis? ions^ and conditions embraced in tho plan of the President for restoring them to their position in tho Union, he will submit their rights to a restoration" to Congress; if rejected, the issue between him and the j radicals vill there be squarely made , up and presented to the country, in tho elec? tions that may come on during the year. The President holds tho impregnable ground, that the excluded Southern States arc not out of the Union, and never have been; that they'only need arc-organiza? tion under the Constitution and existing laws of tho Union, to be entitled to all the rights in tho General Government which belongs to the other loyal Statos. lTe has only to adhere to this ground to secure tho establishment of his policy in this Congress or next. Wo boliove with tho Herald, howevor, from the cooling down of the radicals on the day after tho reception of tho mcssago, that a whole? some reaction has already commenced, which will make the President's policy the programme of the prcsont Congress. When such old radical campaigners as Thaddcus Stevens begin to tack ship, it is because they see breakers ahead. .[Columbia Pncenix. -<? Richmond and the Surrounding Country. A correspondent, writing frcm Rich? mond to^'the Baltirnoro Gazette, gives the "following interesting, description ofthat famous locality.. The picturo will bo recognized by thousands whoso weary feet have trodden every foot of the coun? try described: Richmond itself is now fast being re? built, and thero seems every prospect that in a few years the new town will equal or surpass the old. But while this is true of the city, the surrounding coun? try presents a far different aspect. The section lying below tho city must figure so largely in all future history, that a few words about its present appearance may' not be unacceptable. Once out of Rich? mond and the change is apparent. It is a change from the hum of business to the silenco of a deserted country. The houses , stand out solitary and silent; no fences, no gardens, few or no outhouses, no cat? tle, no fowls, and many wanting even the thin *i'-enk of smoke from tho chimney that still proclaims them to be the habita? tions of men. Almost as soon as you pass tho outside limits of the city you find a line of fortifications, and lor many miles you will rarely bo out of sight of some kind of "\ ork", from the strong, battery that frowns from the crest of the hill to the small pit of thegskirmishorin tho hollow beneath. Thero soomsto bo some effort to rcoccup}'' tho country, but only by the poorer class of people, who come from the old battlefields of war to begin a now struggle with want and famine. Tho lands lying along tho banks-of the James, so celebrated for their richness, aro now but waste fields. Thero are but few cases where the owners of tho land aro found on them; fow of them havo the capital noocssary to work their farms, and* of thoso who havo, very many have had their houses destroyed, $n9 will not con? sent to inhabit the small and ill-built cabins the/ aro able to put up. Thus the land is mostly occupiodiby men paying shares of tho profits for the use of the land, and they are unablo to work any largo part of the estate, but simply try to earn a support for themselves. Those lands present, if possible, oven a more melancholy appearaneo than tho back country; there, so much of tho countryls covered by pinos, that but a small por? tion can be seen, but on tho river wo seo at once vast tracts of open land over? grown with tho tall weeds and grass, showing the richness of tho soil, which is left untouched by tho plowshare Of very many of tho old houses, the chimneys aro the only marks visible at any distance, and th?rc are very few cattle to mark tho presenco ot thriving farmyards, This is r ot true of this section alone, but of al? most all of Eastern Virginia. It is in sub stance tho picture of a whole country, and by no means an overdrawn one. It is to bo hoped that it will not long con? tinue so. Tho people aro trying, and if aided, or if not impeded by the Govern? ment, will soon restore the country to a better stato. Politically, they feel their stato to be that of a defeated party; and, as they must live under tho existing Gov? ernment, they would do so in good faith, and in obedienco to its laws. 33ut if"they aro to be again prosperous and contented, they must havo tho countenance of .the Government, and not bo interfered with by Radicals and Demagogues. -o Josh. Billings says that "if a man pro? fesses to serve tho Lord, ?c likes to see him do it when he measures onions as .well as when he hollers glory halleluycr. - Josh. Billings says: " "VVhon a man's dog deserts him on account of his pover? ty, he can't go any lower down in this world?not by land." -0 Tenjft'son speaks of " the. angel of the rti'nbow." That angel must be au arch? angel, j A Eomance of the War. A correspondent of the Chicago Jtepitb licdh at Jacksonville. Illinois, gives the following romantic incident connected with the war, the parties residing in that vicinity : A well to do farrnor of this county had a daughter who, besides being'pcrsonally attractive, was well educated and possess? ed more than the usual amount of good sense. As a consequence she had many suitors. All but two of these she treated with no favor j and between these two it was impossible for her tc choose. When the first oall was rflado for three years' troops in 18G1.these two men, together with the young lady's brothers, enlisted in tho same company. This event dis? closed to her her own heart; she accep? ted the man she loved, and on tho morn? ing he left for the field they were mar? ried. Her husband was the possessor of no little property, and before ho-left he made a will in her favor. While in the field a strong friendship bound these three men together, the rejected lover cherish' ing no ill-feeling toward tho husband of his love or her broth or. At the battle of Stone Eiver, on the 2d of January, 1863, tho Company they were in was in the fiercest of the strife.; When tho-terrible conflict was over, the husband was found with his head blown off, and was only .re? cognized by a letter found in his pocket from his wifo. Tho brotRer was missing, and the dis? appointed lover was so severely wounded that his lifo was despaired of. She was ; now maid and widow, and mourned with an almost breaking heart for her husband and brother. The wounded man recov ed. but was unfit for further service; was discharged and came home. His affee-. tion was still true and firm, and the fact of his association with the lovod and lost, gave him a strong hold upon the sympa^ thics and rogard for her who had received the love of his. life. As month after month passed away, the wounds of her bleeding heart were partially healed, and at last she conscntod to become the wife of him she had once refused for another. She told him, however, she could never love him as a wife should; '.:ovc a linsband, as her heart was buried in tho gravo of her first and only, love. It was the day beforo the wedding, and tibio two "were to? gether arranging their [i'ians for tho fu? ture. Suddenly her fathor entered, and handed her a letter, saying, :'Eead that quick and tell me what it means I" The letter bore the New York post mark, and was directed in her husband's.hand.' Sho dil hot faint, but pale as death, she toro off the envelope and r-.ad: ?'My Dear Wife?-I am at last exchang? ed. Am vory feeble. As soon as lean bear tho journey ,1 shall be at home." The scene that followed cannot bo de? scribed. The wrcfehodncss of tho twico disappointed may bo imagined y but he acted as a true man should,-and sinceroly congratulated her on the safoty of her husband. In a few weeks tho husband ? camo,'and ;tho mystery was explained. On tho morning of the battle lie had giv? en a lotterfrom his wife to her brother to read. They soon becamo soparatcd. It was tho brother that had been killed. Hc,^ himsolf. had beon aevcroly wounded, and ? taken prisoner. Ho had written often, but the letters had failed" to reach thoir destination. After two years of suffering worse than death, ho had been exchanged, and now was at home. Sorrow for tho loss of the martyred brother alone marred the happiness of the re-united couple. Their noble and devoted friend remained to see.the one he loved, happy with her husband, and then left home to bo a wan? derer in the world. He is now in-tho far West, and there he seeks to forget the past' in the excitement of frontier life. Surely truth is strangor than fiction. ;-1? Tub dead oe Perryville.?It will bo gratifying, wo know, to tho Southern people, and especially to. that portion of them who lost friends'in the action, at. Perry ville, ivy., to learn that the ladiesof that vicinity havo collected the remains of tho Confederate dead - of that. bloody field into a single burial ground, and that they have surrounded the space--with a neat cnolosuro. Many a Confederate soldier remembers with gratitude the Sindness of which ho has boen tiio re? cipient from the noble ladies of Kentucky.. These memories will be tho.more warm? ly cherished when it is known that the same angelic^spirits who cheered them on the weary march, and .clcthed arid fed them during their imprisonment, now, watch kindly over the graves of their fallen comrades. There is not a Southern heart which will not feel gratcf.il for this noblo act on the part of tho ladies of Perryville. Wo return to thorn our warmest ac? knowledgements of theso la^t honors" paid to our fallen kindred.?lYeio Orleans Crcsccrr