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%u fn^ntat Jaxtrnitl?gt&offb k |altfo, fifcnttiirt, 1?, Itornls, gigritnliur^ Science mxb %ti. m HOYT & HUMPHREYS. VOLUME 1.?NUMBER 31. THE ANDERSON INTELLIGENCER, ^IS ISSUED EVERY THURSDAY, AT ONE DOLLAR A YEAR. IN ADVANCE. If delayed six months, S1.50 ; and $2.00 at the end of (he year. HOYT & HUMPHREYS, EDITORS AND PROPRIETORS. Advertisements inserted at moderate rates; liberal deductions mado to those who will advertise by the year. CONSTITUTION of the Confederate Staues of America. TTe, the people of the Confederate States, each State acting in its sovereign and independent character, in order to form a permanent Federal Government, establish justice, insure domestic tranquil ity, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity?invokingthe favor and guidance of Almighty God?do ordain and establish this Constitution for the Confederate Stat es of America. ARTICLE I. Section 1.?All legislative powers here? in delegated shall be vested in a Congress of the Confederate States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Repre? sentatives. Section 2.?The House of Representa? tives shall bo composed of members cho? sen every second year by the people of the sovcral States; and the electors in each State shall be citizens of the Confederate States, and have the qualifications requi? site for electors of the most numerous branch%of the Stats Legislature; but no person of foreign birth, not a citizen of the Confederate Slates, shall be allowed to vote for any ofiicer. civil or political. State or Federal. 2. No person shall be a Representative ?who shall not have attained the age of twenty-five years, and be a citizen of the Confederate States, and who shall not, when elected, bo an inhabitant of that State in which he shall bo chosen. 3. Representatives and direct taxes shall be apportioned among the several States, which may be included within this Confederacy, according to .their respective numbers, which fihall be determined by adding to the whole number of free per? sons, including those bound to service for a term of years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three-.ifths of all slaves. The actual enumeration shall be made within three years after the first meeting of the Confederate Statespand within every sub? sequent terms of ten years, in such man? ner as they shall, by law, direct. The number of Reprisentatives shall not ex? ceed one for e\ery fifty thousand, but each State shall have at least one Repre? sentative; and until such enumeration shall bo made tl.e State of South Carolina shall be entitled to choose six?the State of Georgia ten?the State of Alabama nine?the State of Florida two?the State of Mississippi seven?the State of Louisi? ana sb:, and the State of Texas six. 4. When vacincics happen in the rep? resentation from any State, the Executive authority thereof shall issuo writs of elec? tion to fill such vacancies. 5. The House of Representatives shall choose their Sneaker and other officers, and shall have the sole power of impeach? ment, except ;hat any judicial or other Federal officer resident and acting solely within the limits of any State, may be impeached by a vote of two-thirds of both branches of the Legislature thereof. Section 3.?The Senato of the Confed? erate States shall be composed of two Sen? ators from each State, chosen for six years by the Legislature thereof, at the regular session next immediately preceding the commencement of the term of service; and each Senator shall have one vote. 2. Immedi itely after they shall be as? sembled, in consequence of the first elec? tion, they shall be divided as equally as may be into three classes. The seats of the Senators of the first class shall be va? cated at the expiration of the second year; of th<i second class at the expira? tion of the fourth year; and of the third class at the expiration of the sixth year; and if vacancies happen by resignation or otherwise, during the recess of the Legis? lature of any State, the Executive there? of may make temporary appointments until the ne xt meeting of the Legislature, which shall then fill such vacancies. 3. No person shall be a Senator who shall not have attained the age of thirty years, and be a citizen of the Confederate States; ard who shall not, when elected, be an inhabitant of the State for which he shall bo chosen. 4. The Yice-President of the Confeder? ate States shall be President of the Senate, but shall have no vote, unless they be equally divided. 5. The Senate shall choose their other Officers; and also a President pro tempore in the absence of the Vice-President, or -when he shall exercise the office of Presi? dent of the Confederate States. 6. The Senate shall have the sole power to try all impeachments. "When sitting for that purpose, they shall be on oath or affirmation. "When the President of the Confederate States is tried, the Chief Jus? tice shall preside; and no person shall bo convicted without the concurrence of two thirds of the members present, j 7. Judgment in case of impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from office, and disqualification to hold and enjoy any office of honor, trust or profit, under the Confederate States; but the party convicted shall, nevertheless, be liable and subject to indictment, trial, judgment and punishment according to law. Section 4.?1. The times, places and manner of holding election for Senators and Representatives, shall be prescribed in each State by the Legislature thereof, subject to the provisions of this Constitu? tion; but the Congress may, at an}- time, by law, make or alter such regulations, except as to the times and places of choosing Senators. 2. The Congress shall assemble at least once in ever}* year; and such meeting shall be on the first Monday in December, unless they shall, by law. appoint a differ? ent da}T. Section 5.?1. Each House shall be t ue judge of the elections, returns and quali? fications of its own members, and a ma? jority of each shall constitute a quorum to do business; but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and may be authorized to compel the attendance of absent members in such manner and un? der such penalties as each House may provide. 2. Each House may determine the rules of its proceedings, punish its members for disorderly behavior, and, with the concur? rence of two-thirds of the whole number, expel a member. 3. Each House shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and from time to time publish the same, excepting such parts as may in their judgment require secresy, and the yeas and nays of the members of cither House, on any question, shall, at the desire of one-fifth of those present, be entered on the journal. 4. Neither House, during the session of Congress, shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, rtor to any other place than that in which the two Houses shall be sitting. Section G.?1. The Senators and J rep? resentatives shall receive a compensation for their services, to bo ascertained b}' law. and paid out of the treasury of the i Confederate States. They shall, in all j cases, except treason, felony and breach of the peace, bo privileged from arrest during their attendance at the session of*j their respective Houses, and ingoing to and returning from the same; and for any speech or debate in either House, they shall not be questioned in any oth? er place. 2. No Senator or Representative shall, during the time for which he was elected, bo appointed to any civil office under the authority of the Confederate States, which shall have been created, or the emolu? ments whereof shall have been increased during such time; and no person holding any office under the Confederate States jshall be a member of cither House during his continuance in office. But Congress may, by law, grant to the principal officer in each of the Executive Departments a scat upon the floor of cither House, with the privilege of discussing any measures appertaining to his departments. Section 7.?All bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of Represen? tatives; but the Senate may propose or concur with amendments as on other bills. 2. Every bill which shall have passed both Houses, shall, before it becomes a law, be-presented to the President of the Confederate States; if he approve, he shall sign it; but if not, he shall return it with his objections to that House in which it shall have originated, who shall enter the objections at large on their journal, and proceed to reconsider it. If, after such reconsideration, two-thirds of that House shall agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent, together with the objections, to the other House, by which it shall likewise be re? considered, and if approved by two-thirds of the House, it shall become a law. But in all such cases, the votes of both Houses shall be determined by yeas a*nd nays, and the names of the persons voting for and against the bill shall be entered on the journal of each Houso respectively. If any bill shall not be returned by the President within ten days (Sundays ex? cepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the same shall be a law, in like manner as if he had signed it, unless the Congress, by their adjournment, prevent its return; in which case it shall not be a law. The President may approve any appropriation and disapprove any other appropriation in the same bill. In such ease he shall, in signing the bill, designate the appropriations disapproved ; and shall return a copy of such appropriations with his objections, to the House in which tho bill shall have originated; and the same proceedings shall then be had as in case ! of other bills disapproved by the Presi? dent. 3. Every order, resolution or vote, to which the concurrence of both Houses may be necessary (except on a question j of adjournment) shall be presented to the ! President of the Confederate States; and before the same shall take effect, shall be approved by him; or being disapproved by him, may be repassed by two-thirds of both Houses according to the rules and limitations prescribed in case of a bill. Section 8.?The Congress shall have power?1. To lay and collect taxes, du? ties, imposts, and excises, for revenue ne? cessary to pay the debts, provide for the J common defence, and carry on the Gov? ernment of the Confederate Slates; nor { shall any duties or taxes on importations from foreign nations he laid to promote or foster any branch of industry; and all duties, imposts, and excises shall be uni? form throughout the Confederate States : 2. To borrow money on the credit of the Confederate States: 3. To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several States, and with the Indian tribes; but neither this, nor any other clause contained in | the Constitution, shall ever be construed j to delegate the power to Congress to ap- ? propriatc money lor any internal improve? ment intended to facilitate commerce, ex-! cept for the purpose of furnishing lights, beacons and buoys and other aids to navi? gation upon the coasts, and the improve? ment of harbors and the removing of ob? structions in river navigation, in all which c ases .such duties shall be laid on the navi? gation facilitated thereby, as to pay the costs and expenses thereof: 4. To establish uniform laws of natural? ization, and uniform laws on the subject of bankruptcies, throughout the Confede? rate States, but no law of Congress shall discharge any debt contracted before the passage of the same. 5. To coin money, regulate the value thereof and of foreign coin, and fix the standard of weights and measures. 0: To provide for the punishment of counterfeiting the securities and current coin of the Confederate Stales: 7. To establish post offices and post routes; but the expenses of the Post Of? fice Department, after the first day of March, in the year of our Lord eighteen hundred and sixty-three,shall be paid out of its own revenues: 8. To promote the progress of science and useful arts, by securing for limited times to authors and inventors, the ex? clusive rights to their respective writings and discoveries: 8. To constitute tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court: 10. To define and punish piracies and felonies committed on the high seas, and offences against the law of nations: j 11. To declare war, grant letters of J marque and reprisal, and make rules con i corning captures on land and water: 12. To raise and support armies; but no appropriation of money to that use shall be for a longer term than two years: 13. To provide and maintain a navy: 14. To make rules for government and regulation of the land and naval forces : 15. To provide for calling for the mili? tia to cxetute the laws of the Confederate States, suppress insurrections, and repel invasions: 1G. To provide for organizing, arming and disciplining the militia, and for gov? erning such part of them as may be em? ployed in the service of the Confederate States; reserving to the States, respec? tively, the appointment of the officers, and the authority of training the militia according to the discipline prescribed by Congress: 17. To exercise exclusive legislation in all cases whatsoever, over such district (not exceeding ten miles square) as may, by cession of one or more States and the acceptance of Congress, become the scat of the Government of the Confederate States; and to exercise like authority over all places purchased by the consent of tho Legislature of the State in which the same shall be, for the erection of forts, magazines, arsenals, dock-yards and other needful buildings : and 18. To make all laws which shall be neccsary and proper for carrying into ex? ecution the foregoing powers, and all oth? er powers, and all other powers vested cd by this Constitution in the govern? ment of the Confedatc States, or in any department or officer thereof. Section 9.?1. Tho importation of ne? groes of the African race, from any for? eign country, other than tho slaveholding I States or Territories of the United States of America, is hereby forbidden; and. Congress is required to pass such laws as shall effectually prevent the same. 2. Congrets shall also have power to prohibit the introduction of slaves from any State not a member of, or Territory not belonging to this Confederacy. 3. The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended.unless when in cases of rebellion or invasion the pub? lic safety may require it. 4. No bil? of attainder, or ex post facto law, or law denying or impairing the right of property in negro slaves, shall be passed. 5. No capitation or other direct tax shall be laid, unless in proportion to the census or enumeration hereinbefore di? rected to be taken. 0. No tax or duty shall be laid on arti? cles exported from any State, except by a vote of two-thirds of both Houses. 7. No preference shall be given by any regulation of commerce or revenue to the ports of one State over those of another. 8. No money shall be drawn from the treasury, but in consequence of appropri? ations made by law; and a regular state? ment and account of the receipts and ex? penditures of all public money shall be published from time to time. 9. Congress shall appropriate no money from the treasury except by a vote Oi two-thirds of both Houses, taken by yeas and nays, unless it be asked and estima? ted for by some one of the heads of De? partment, and submitted to Congress by the President; or for the purpose of pay? ing its own expenses and contingencies; or for the payment of claims against the Confederate States, the justice of which has been judicially declared by a tribunal for the investigation of claims against the Government, which it is hereby made the duty of Congress to establish. 10. All bills appropriating money shall specify in Federal currency the exact amount of each appropriation and the purpose.- for which it is made; and Con? gress shall grant no extra compensation to any public contractor, officer, agent or servant, after said contract shall have been made or such service rendered. 11- No title of nobility shall be granted by the Confederate States; and no person holding an}- office of profit or trust under them shall, without the consent of Con? gress, accept of any present, emolument, office or title of any kind whatever, from any king, prince or foreign State. 12. Congress shall make no law re? specting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peacea? bly to assemble aud petition the Govern crnracnt for a redress of grievances. 13. A well regulated militia being nc ccssary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not lie infringed. 14. No soldier shall, in time of "peace, be quartered in any house without the consent of the owner; nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law. l?. The right of the people to be se? cure in their persons, houses, papers, ef? fects against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated; and no warrants shall issue but upon probable cause, supported by oath or effirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and* the persons or things to be seized. 1G. No person shall be held to answer for a capital or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a gr ind jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia, when in actual service, in time of war or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor be compelled, in any criminal case, to be a witness against himself; nor be deprived of life, or property, without due process of 'law; nor shall private property be ta? ken for public use, without just compensa? tion. 17. In all criminal prosecutions the ac? cused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witness in his favor; and to have the assistance of counsel for his defence. 18. In suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved; and no fact so tried by a jury shall bo otherwise re-examined in any court of the Confederacy, than according to the rules of the common law. 19. Excessive bail shall not be required. nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. 20. Every law or resolution having the force of law shall relate to but one sub? ject, and that shall be expressed in the title. Section 10.?1. Ko State shall enter into any treaty, alliance or confederation; grant letters of marque and reprisal; coin money, make anything but gold and sil? ver coin a tender in payment of debts; pass any bill of attainder, or expost facto law, or law impairing the obligation of contracts, or grant any title of nobility. 2. No State shall, without the consent of the Congress, lay any imposts or du? ties on imports or exports, except what may be absolutely necessary for execu? ting its inspection laws; and the net pro. duce of all duties and imposts, laid by any State on imports or exports, shall be for the use of the Treasury of the confed? erate States; and all such laws shall be subject to the revision and control of Con? gress. 8. No State shall, without the consent of Congress, lay any duty of tonnage, ex? cept on sea-going vessels, for the improve? ment of its rivers and harbors navigated by the said vessels; but such duties shall not conflict with any treaties of the Con? federate States with foreign nations; and any surplus of revenue thus derived shall, after making such improvement, bo paid into the common treasury; nor shall any State keep troops or ships of war in time of peace, enter into any agreement or compact with another State, or with a foreign power, or cngago in war, unless actually invaded, or in such imminent danger as will not admit of delay. But when any river divides or flows through two or more States, they may enter into compacts with each other to improve the navigation thereof. ARTICLE IL Section 1.?1. The executive power shall be vested in a President of the Confeder? ate States of America. Ho and the Vice Prcsident shall hold their offices for tho term of six years: but the President and Vice-President shall be elected as follows: 2. Each State shall appoint, in such manner as the Legislature thereof may direct, a number of electors equal to the whole number of Senators and*Represcn tatives to which the State maybe entitled in the Congress; but no Senator or Rep? resentative, or person holding an office of trust or profit under the Confederate States, shall be appointed an elector. 3. The electorsshaiLmeet in their re? spective States and vote by ballot for President and Vice-President, one of whom, at least, shall not be an inhabitant of the same State with themselves; they shall name in their ballots the person vo? ted for as President, and in distinct bal? lots the person voted for as Vice-Presi? dent, and tohey shall make distinct lists of all persons voted-for as President, and of the number of votes for each, which list they shall sign and certify, and trans? mit, sealed, to the Government of the Confederate States, directed to the Presi? dent of the Senate; the President of the Senate shall, in thoprescneo of the Senate and Hou jc of Representatives, open all the certificates,.nnd the votes shall then be counted; the person having the greatest number of votes for President shall be tho Prcsi lent, if such number be a majori? ty of the whole number of electors ap? pointed; and if no person have such a majority, then, from the persons having the highest numbers, not exceeding three, on the li:st of those voted for as Presi? dent, the House of Representatives shall choose immediately by ballot tho Presi? dent. But in choosing the President, the votes shall bo taken by States, the repre? sentatives from each State having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a member or members from two-thirds of the States, and a majority of all the States be necessary to a choice. And if the House of Representatives shall not choose a President, whenever the right of choice shall devolve upon them, before the fourth day of March next fol? lowing, then the Vice-President shall act as President, as in case of the death or other Constitutional disability of the Pres? ident. 4. The person having tho greatest num? ber of votes as Vice-President shall be the Vice-President shall be the Vice-Presi? dent, if such number be a majority of the whole number of electors appointed; and if no person have a majority, then, from the two highest numbers on tho list, the Senate shall choose the Vice-President; a quorum for the purpose shall consist of: two-thirds of the whole number of Sena? tors, and a majority of the whole number shall be necessary to a choice. 5. But no person constitutionally ineli? gible to the office of President shall be eligible to that of Vice-President of the Confederate States. 6. The Congress may determine the time of choosing the electors,, and the day on "which they shall give their votes: which day shall be the same throughout the Confederate States. 7. Iso person except a natural born cit? izen of the Confederate States, ox* a citi? zen thereof at the time of the adoption of the Constitution, or a citizen thereof born in the United States prior to tho 20th of December, 1860, shall be eligiblo io the office of President; neither shall any per? son be eligible to that office who shall not have attained to the ago of thirty-five years, and been fourteen years a resident within the limits of tE? Confcdcrato States, as they may exist at the time of ^ his election. 8. In case of the removal of the Presi? dent from office, or of his death, resigna ? tion, or inability to discharge the powers1 and duties of the said office, the same shall devolve on the "\ ice-President; and the Congress may, by law provide for the case of removal, death, resignation, or in? ability both of the President and Vice president, declaring what officer shall then act as President, and such officer shall act accordingly until tho disability be removed, or a President shall be elec? ted. 9. The President shall, at stated times, receive for his services a compensation, which shall neither be increased nor di? minished during tho period for which he shall havo been elected; and he sliall not receive within that perion any other emolument from the Confederate States, or any of them. 10. Before he enters on the execution of his office, he shall take tho following oath or affirmation: " I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the office of Pres? ident of the Confederate States, and will - to tho best of my ability, preserve, pro? tect, and defend the Constitution there? of." Section 2.?1. The President shall be commandcr-in-clncf of the anny and na? vy of the Confederate States, and of tho militia of the several States, when called into tho actual service of the Confederate Stater; he may require the opinion, in writing, of the principal officer in each of the Executive Departments, upon any subject relating to tho duties of their re? spective offices; and ho shall have power to grant reprieves and pardons for offen? ces against the Confederate States, except in cases of impeachment. 2. Ho shall have power, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to make treaties, provided two-thirds of the Senators present conour; and he shall nominate and, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate* shall appoint ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, Judges of the Supreme Court, and all other officers of the Confederate Stales, whose appointments arc not here? in otherwise provided for, and which shall be established by law; but'-1 lie'Congress may, by law, vest the appointment of such inferior officers, as they think proper in the President alone, in tho courts of law or in the heads of Departments. 8. The principal officer in each of tho Exeeutivt Departments, and all persons connected with tho diplomatic ^service, may be removed from office at the plea? sure of the President. All other civil officers of the*Executive Department may be removed at any time by the President, or other appointing power, when their services are unnecessary, or for dishones? ty, incapacity, inefficiency, misconduct, or neglect of duty, and when so removed, tho removal shall be reported to tho Sen? ate, together with the reasons therefor. 4. The President shall have power, to fill all vacancies that may happen during the recess of the Senate, by granting commissions, which shall expire at the end of their next session; but, no person rejected by the Senate shall bo re-ap? pointed to the same office during their en? suing recess. Section 3.?1. ThePrcsidcutshall,from* time to time, give to the Congress infor? mation of the state of the Corifederacy-jp and recommend to their consideration such measnres as he shall judge necessary and expedient; he may, on extraordinary occasions, convene both Houses, or either of them; and in case of disagreement be? tween them, with respect to ths time of adjournment, he may adjourn them to such time as he shall think proper; he shall rcceiv8 ambassadors and other pub? lic ministers; he shall take care that tho laws be faithfully executed, and shall com? mission all the officers of the Confederate States. Section 4.?L The President, Yice Prcsident, and all civil officers of the Con? federate States, shall be removed from of? fice on impeachment for, and conviction of, treason, bribery, or other high crimes and misdemeanors. ARTICLE HI. Section 1.?1. T e judicial power of the