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THE TURKS They Are Not Such a Bad People ,l After All. t % ) HAVE SUFFERED Ml'CH PERSECUTION Disciples of Mohammed as They Really Appear to h Careful Observer?Worship Jesus Christ as a Minor Prophet. By Baul Botverman in the Dearborn I ' Independent. "So you have been In Turkey! A v. I they'really as terrible as one hears?" I have answered this unvarying' formula at least'once a day ?|r.ce my \ return from the Near East. Without j exception my questioners have enter- | taincd an identical opinion of the peo * ?' 1 a.I ? thnt ' pics among wnom i was uuu?u, , the Greeks are an enterprising and ; worthy people, that the great majority | of Armenians have been massacred, j and that the Turks are the most | villainous artd detestable race on the face of the earth. The unanimity of belief would bo almost incredible if I did not keep in mind that my own dpinion was similar to theirs prior to the day that I disembarked at Constantinople. My change of viewpoint , had begun even a few days earlier, for T had been reading Pierre Loti's "The Disenchanted" on the boat. There was plenty of time and opportunity to puzzle over this after I had gone through my own "disenchantment." and the reasons were not difficult to discover. Very few Americans ever find their way '..o Turkey except as passing tourists, and those few are principally engaged in missionary work. Our information then comes from the following sources; from the English, who are intensely concerned, politically and commercially, in getting control of Constantinople and the Dardanelles, and who, for that reason, have supported the Greeks on every possible occasion, and who have lost no opportunity to Justify their action by placing the Turkish people in an unfavorable light before the world; from our own missionaries who are often prejudiced. in the ideas regarding religious differences, since their life work is devoted to the spreading of Christianity;. from traveling correspondents who seldom spend more than a, week in "getting up" their articles and who depend upon a dozen hurried interviews for their information; and, lastly, from the tens of thousands of Greeks and Armenians in our own country, there being practically no Turks to defend themselves by counter-nropaganda. It is easy to see from thi* that whether the information is correct or incorrect, it comes from only one s'de of the fence and that is dangerous and unfair Conscious and Unconscious Dishonesty. There is 110 better way of setting forth the truth of the matter as I saw it than by recalling in succession the various reactions I experienced in and around Constantinople. As an instructor in an American college, whos^ students were drawn from the wealthiest and most respected families, I was particularly fortunate in. coming into close and intimate contact with young Levantines of every nationality. It was not surprising to find them almost universally dishonest, for here was the Oriental and semi-Oriental mind confronted by the incongruous ideals and austerity of our Occidental civilization. They all cheated flagrantly. Little by little I began to discover that dishonesty could be separated into two different categories?conscious and unconscious dishonesty. flpat r.ai?e-nrv fpn the Greeks. Bulgarians' and Armenians?all those, in fact, who lived nominally in the western fashion who were Christians, and who claimed to despise the Mohammedan faith and civilization. These boys knew well enough the difference between right and wrong as we understand it and deliberately chose the wrong. They would never admit cheating. even though I had caught them red-handed. One day an Armenian J showed me a watch his father haci given hint for completing his studies, j adding that his father had praised his J cleverness in escaping detection dur- j ing the examinations. Such instances were the rule rather than the excop- ' tion. This, 1 decided, was conscious j dishonesty. The Turkish boys, on the other hand, were a novel experience. Quite as dishonest as the others, they could see no good reason for being otherwise, and were therefore quite free to acknowl- ! edge their guilt. Tiny were openly i amused at my attempts to inculcate in them the principles of personal honor, i It was as if they were listening to a language which had no meaning for j them. And'. Indeed, it had little. I was dealing with the Oriental mind, about which I knew nothing at the i time. To thorn, I was a foreigner, a "Frank," a person who worshiped a strange Clod. To them, life was easygoing, a thing to be enjoyed with as little self-sacrifice . and self-denial as jx ssible. l had come from a distant and unknown country to speak about the delights of hard work, of clear thinking, of businesslike devotion to strange ideals. 1 might just as well have talked about thp fourth dimension. This was unconscious dishonesty. The (Jrecks and Armenians far outstripped the Turks in aptitude and adroitness. Very few of the latter were really good students. The former learned to speak Knglish with astonishing rapidity; they absorbed elementary mathematics with avidity, for there they learned the essentials of business, which is their forte. The Turks were indifferent to ro'mmeree. preferring those studies which appealed to their emotion and imagination. Money was the unconscious prompter in the minds'of the Greeks and Ar menians; beauty was the inspiration of the Turks. At my hand was the most fascinating1 and bewildering of cities, a/ sooth- j ing caldron of racial hatred, the buttle- : ground of a dozen centuries, and the depositary of seme of the most magnii flocnt monuments v. hioh have come down to us from antiquity. Of the threo smaller cities which make up Constantinople, I went first to Fcra, the European quarter. Vera is in the hands of the western peoples who have raised it in the likeness of their own cities, witlT department stores, hotels, women's shops and all tho other appurtenances of our'j mode of living. During the day it is | banal and. harmless enough, rndcr I the cloak of evening, however, it is j transformed into a riot of drunkt uncus and vice. Vicious cabarets and foul drinking dens appear in the dimlighted streets, taking possession of < Pera like a swarm of nocturnal harpies. Then it ir, that one sees brawling j crowds fighting in side alleys, intoxl-i; cated women in the last stage of ab- j andonment and men knived or murder ed by unseen hands. Our much-vaunted modernity and progressiveness are found in Pera, but our weaknesses are still more apparent. And this is what we have brought . to Constantinople, for the .Turks are], conspicuously absent from the actv- | itles of Pera. 1 Down the hill is Galata, the shipping j quarter, inhabited principally by the s Greeks. There are no words adequate 1 to picture Galata in the hidequsness of its depravity. It is a festering breed- 1 ing-place of white slavery, disease nr.d j' opium dens. The worst of It has 1 sprung up since the Allies took the |' control of the city out of the hands of I] the Turkish authorities. Before the war it was no worse than any seaport of the Mediterranean. Now it stands a terrible charge against the "West?for in Galata the Turks are as little in evidence as in Pera. The city of Stamboul presents a striking contrast to the two' European quarters. The Turks have kept it much as it has been for centuries. Broad, shaded avenues lead to the magnificent mosques and monuments, many of which were erected before the discovery of America. The narrow side streets are humming with the noises of the shops and bazaars?the noise of industry rather than the noise of rioting. Here one. sees the coppersmiths and carpenters and rug-weavers busy with their quaint tools, producing articles that delight the tourist by j their finesse and delicacy. Here coffee j shops take the place of beer halls for the Mohammedan is forbidden by the lvoran 10 nuiuigc in inn siraui.K um>i\. ? It Is a glimpse into a colorful life that 1 has no counterpart in our civilization, t Over everything hovers a delightful t sense of well-being. contentment', i happiness, and honest endeavor. Xoj< flaming cabarets jingling with cheap 1 music, no street-women clutching at ! the sleeves of passing men, no brawl- 1 ing in obscure cafes. \Vhen night steals over Stamboul, the streets are ' deserted, and an unattended woman j might walk in safety from one end of < the marvelous old city to the other, |i Now that 1 have left them behind, < the three cities assume distinct per- : sonalities in the calmness of recollec- I tion. Pera brings to mind a picture of i wealth, fast living, and gilded vice; < Galata still provokes a shudder, and a i sense of nausea sweeps over nie as I recall scenes of depravity that are I < stamped on my memory; Stamboul re- j turns like a soothing balm, a precious j: fragment of beauty atoning for the; ugnness or xnc otners, unt* luiusim.s i gesture in a mad plunge toward perdi- | tion. And Staniboul belongs to the j Turks?the unspeakable Turks. ' j Their Pounds of Flesh. In the autumn of 1020 more than a J hundred thousand Russian refugees' descended upon Constantinople with v FIRST INDIAN W , - II ---I ~~-" *? ? ?!?' * " "" Miss Alice B. Davis of Wewoka, Seminole tribo. Never before in Iud honored. She Is highly educated, sj f nole languages and Is sixty-nine yc t out warning, for the most part penniless, and suffering for want of food and drink. Fearing an epidemic, the Allied Control refused to allow them to land for several days, and the dirty crowded ships lay at anchor in the bay. Kvery effort was made to keep them alive by taking out bread and water, but the city was already overrun with refugees, making the task of adequate relief almost impossible. One storming night I went out in a small sk iff with a Russian hoy who was searching for the ship that contained his family. Wo took with us ;is much bread as the skiff would hold. It was an unforgettable scene. In the blackness of the night one could, hear the moaning' and sobbing on cvety side from the dark unlighted ships that heaved at their anchors like looming ghosts. We discovered the water to be swarming with little boats similar to ours and likewise crammed with bread and water. We came upon a dozen of them clustered about the lowered gangway of a refugee ship. We heard tiie voices of the boatmen and the hys tcrscai snouting 01 me starving people on board. Then we discovered that the mysterious boatmen were bargaining with the Russians, offering bread and water in exchange for Jewelry and gold?and the Russians, jammed in so tightly that they could not even sit down, frantic for a drop of water, crazed with hunger, were giving their last possessions, all that stood*between them and starvation, if lhey should ever reach the shore. The boatmen were Levantines, hybrid Greek and Armenian merchants. There was not a Turk among them. For hours we rowed about in search of the ship and came upon a dozen re|)lieas of the same horrible scene. The fact was known the next day throughjut the city, but the press, effectively nuzzled bv the Allied Control, made no mention of it. At that moment the British government was interested in stirring up approval for another loan :o Greece. The European powers have been | noddling with Turkey for the past I lundred years. Their battleships have icon anchored in the Golden Horn, heir diplomats have been weaving Aebs of intrigue under the very nose jf the Turkish throne, and their peoples have been systematically fed with propaganda. And all because Constantinople and the Dardanelles are the <ey to Eastern Europe and the Xear East. Jealousy and fear have been ho motives. They have looked longingly at the "crliie fields and oii wells of Anatolia, rhcy have watched each other like preying vultures, covering their greed .inuer tnc cioaK or me v~iiri?u<ui u.mler. Colonies of Greeks have settled he seacoast with no intent to remain here as Turkish subjects, but with the dea of becoming powerful and rich Plough some day to claim the country Tor Greece. It is as if France should suddenly lay claim to Quebec and Louisiana, or Spain to Florida. It is easy for us to overlook the fact that Turkey is not a savage country. It is older than we are. It has a rich civilization behind it, a background of stirring history. Turkey is Oriental and indifferent to progress. They arc skeptical of the blessings of our modern complicated system, and point to the many sore spots of our existence. If they do not have railroads and typewriters, neither do they have strikes and insane asylums as social evils. They have maintained their empire for 500 years with fewer changes and less internal strife than any other in modern times. It is their right to live as they see fit to worship God through the word of Mohammed rather than through the word of Christ if it is more to their liking. The important thing is that they keep the faith as they see it. It is my belief that they are more devout than we?their mos'OMAN CHIEF. I: ^ A ^ t w m W :f |j kj / ' / i -. ! Jktf. : ' ' - - ::< > ; j | | Okla., newly appointed head of the llan history has a woman been thus peaks the English, Creek and Semtars old. WESTOiN A I j I^7 I ? At 82 years of age Edward Pays If negotiating a 410 mile Jaunt fron Weston says walKing keeps him wel would be healthy to walk whenevc How many miles did you walk ques are full every day, while our churches are empty save on Sunday. The throngs of worshipers of the great Mosque o? Suleiman during the holy month of Ramazan is one of the most Inspiring things I h^ve ever seen. Few people know that Christ is worshiped in the Mohammedan church as a minor prophet, as is Moses. They prefer to , | assign the role of chief prophet to j I vtnhommail 11 Sf> he rlietntCfl lliS ' book in person. Our ignorance of the ! Koran leads us to unfounded preju- j dices against It: a study of It would reveal its greatness and a striking i similarity to tl^c Bible in many respects. It iacks the lofty Ideality and sublimity of the latter, but the Turks claim that it is beyond possibility to attain the Christian ideal, and that the Koran, by emphasizing the sajne pracI tical virtues without insisting upon the heights of self-sacrifice, is within the reach of those who lead the good life. The Turk?Charming. The Turk of the educated class is a charming and delightful person, a j consummate master of the social | graces which we associate with the ; status of a gentleman. Wis home life is quiet and retired, and In social in- j tercour.se he is noted for his invariable l kindness and courtesy. Harems are practically a thing of the past, for the Turkish law requires u substantial property settlement on each wife. The unsettled conditions s ure me war uuw impoverished them to such a decree that but very few have the means to support more than one wife, even should they desire such. But it is also true that the educated class is a very small fraction of the Turkish people. There is no middle class devoted to commerce and sliopkeopinar. The bulk of the people are artisans and farmers. Their education is slight, their mode of life simple and unostentatious, and their needs few. As I haye brought out before, thoy have little aptitude for business and the small commerce of the country a. ?t... i ,,?i? ,.r thf. I I. and Ar- I ....... .... molilalia. vSiF FOR IV3CT0 Is the ** S I J A I XsP B B VI motor. nates I i i STANDARD C (NEW J WONDER. on Weston, the famous pedestrian, a Buffalo. N. Y., to New York city. ! 1 and vigorous and advises all who r possible, to-day? They are frugal, hard-working, and honest, according to their light. Until Asia Minor was stirred>up by the intrigues of the European powers, it was as peaceable and orderly a country as any in Europe, Unattended women used to make long journeys by caravan into the very heart of Anatolia, and were everywhere received with the most scrupulous hospitality by the wealthiest households in the village, where money was always refused for their lodging and where they always received a cordial invitation to return. The Turkish people of the interior have the guilolessness and simplicity of peasant-folk the world over. The years of meddling by the European powers have exasperated the Turks, at intervals to the point of ferocity. It was an unequal struggle, for the Turk was baffled by clever diplomacy and unscrupulous bargaining for concessions. He saw his words twisted into unheard-of promises, he saw the battleships cleared for action in his harbor and ready to enforce the edicts that issued from the Allied em-* bassioa, a*nd he suffered the helpless rage of one who knows he has been cheated and can see no means of redress. The Christian nations, carefully fed by propaganda, displayed a solid front against him, and, like an animal at bay, he sprang out in his wrath at whatever lay within his reach. The Armenian massacres were inexcusable, but the world does not know that equal excesses were committed on both sides, that one Turk hus been victimized for every Greek or Armenian. That fact lias been carefully suppressed by those who are interested in showing1 up the worst side of the Turk. I have seen countless photographs of Turkish men and women beheaded and piled In heaps. 1 have seen tens of thousands of Turkish refugees driven out of Thrace and Smyrna by the Treaty of Sevres which gave that territory to Greece, and I have listened to the rhastly story of their eviction. That, fou. has been suppressed. The Turk is no more perfect than : the rest of us, but, like most of us, he 0 ///' R LUBRICATION right r your Efimsfriction xl company i ERSEY) s Rood enough when left alone. That s all he wants. Mustapha Kcmal, diecting an 111-orRanized and ill-fed irmy has been victorious over the :ruined troops of Greece that were quipped by the money obtained from jreat Britain, and he has driven them rom Turkey. The ragged Turkish irmy fought doggedly and courageousy because they were fighting for their >wn land. Meanwhile the powers lie in wait alsing the old hue and cry. It is the lands of the Allied Control that are >rifrht with the blood of the innocent rictims of their hmbitlon and avarice. SENATOR BEN TILLMAN i nscription Tells of Record ,of Noted Political Leader. The following Inscription on the j omb of Senator B. H. Tiiiinan was ; ecently republished in the Columbia State and is reproduced below. The nscription was written by Major H. C. rillman of Greenwood, son of Senator rillman. last side: BENJAMIN RYAN TILLMAN Born Aur. 11, 1847?Died July 3, 1918. Putriot Statesman Governor of South Carol ua. 1890?1894 United States Senator 1895?1918. In the World war: Chairman Senate "ommittee on Naval Affairs. A Life of Service and Achievement. North Side: In the home loving. To the state iteadfast. True to the nation. "The :ountry belongs to us nil and we all )elong to it. The men of the North, South, East and West carved it out To Be i Have YES, to be sure, we b< woman and boy and girl we have the best line of t in this section, we also w Shoes to KNOW that we stock of High-Grade Me< for Work and for Dress Men's Work Shoes at Men's and Women's! $2.50 to $5.00 a Pair?Al] To be sin e we have lol MEN'S SHIRTS? I This week we have rc of Men's Shirts?almost the most pleasing patten with the new Reversible Soft Neck Bands. They Sure, we have Shirts with collars attached. MEN'S AND BOYS' UK A little warm yet, but have what you want wbr HOSIERY FOR EVER It is a tremendous lim 1 -? ! * J -I men, Uiris and Jtsovs mai have them in silk, lisle ar All sizes, and in the want A full line of Holepro Men and for Children. HATS FOR MEN It's Fall 1 lat Time an Store?Here's where yoi Stetson and Knox Hats i the staple blacks and pl< St roup's for correct Fall MEN'S AND BOYS' CI Did you know that y need now at a price that, and at the same time g< quality Clothing-?Clot h to wear. Keep it in min you money on Clothing; make ail early selection. t n/r c J. 1V1. o WE MUST EAT TO LIVE And when you eat you want the Best, and you will get just that here?We do not sell any other kind?See us for TEAS?Telley's, Chase & Sanborn's and Hono. Coffees?White House, Chase & Sanborn's. Caraja, and Luzianne. Mrs. Duke's Salad Dressing?(Expected this week). Marachfno Cherries. Pineapple?Crated and Sliced. Gelfand's Relish and Mayonnaise. Apple Putter. Cranberry Sauce and Jelly. Grape Juice?Pints and Quarts. Pickles?All kinds?Bottled and in Hulk. Apricots?Canned. Cocoanut?Maker's Canned?Dry and Shredded. Underwood's Deviled Ham. W. E. FERGUSON of the wilderness and made it great? Let lis share it with <^ich other, then, and. conserve it, giving it the best that is in our brain und brawn and heart." Loving them he was the friend and leader of the common people, v He taught them their political power and made possible for the education of their sons and daughters Clemson Agricultural College and Winthrop Normal and Industrial College.? Greenwood Index Journal. ? More thnn 160,000 houses have been completed In Great Britain under the housing scheme subsidized by the government. According to official ligurcs received by the Hankers Trdst company of New York, from its English information service, 122.H07 t)f these houses were built by local authorities ? j ..iiiu.. ?oo cor 21 11(1 IIUIIIIU ULllliy SlflClHIl UIIU. OO.UtfJ houses were huilt by private builders. In addition there were, on July 1, 1922, 3;i,971 houses stiH under construction by local authorities and public utility societies, and state aid had been authorized for the construction of 17,222 other houses not yet begun. The health ministry estimates that the captfal cost of the assisted housing schemes, when completed, will reach ?190,000,000. In June 66,6.r>l workmen were employed in building houses the construction of which was being aided by the government. A Martyr to Science.?"That appears to be a sad case," observed the .visitor. "Very," agreed the Insane AS^'ura ' guide. "The poor fellow spent ytuis trying to find out what really would happen if an Irresistible force hit an Immovable body." lure We Them elieve that every man and Jl j4-t..^ in mese pans jviiuws umi ine Dress Shoes to be had ant everybody who wears have an exceptionally big iium Piiced Shoes?both wear. We have $2.00 to $5.00 a Pair. Dress and Work Shoes at I leathers and styles. :s of popular priced shoes. iceiyed a tremendous line ornir ^nnr-oivahle stvle? ^ * J . J is. Ask to see the Shirts French Cuff, and the new are new and worth while, without collars and also iDERWEAR? ; we want you to know we n you want it. YBODY? c of Hosiery for Men, Wot we received this week? irl r-ntt.nn ill id nlso ill wool. cd colors for all. of Hosiery for Ladies, for Let lis show you. d St roup's is the Fall Hat I find the latest styles in II the newest styles and in lasing fancy shades. See 1 hats. jOTHING? on can buy that Suit you you can well afford to pay .4 wiulltr I |\CU1%? oy JI??, ' I'lV -I ing that you'll be proud (1 that wo will really save but you won't go amiss to Just try us. TROUP TL. ru.. me V/iiy iiuaitici WE HAVE NiCE MEATS THIS WEEK AND EXPECT TO KEEP ONLY THE BEST FROM NOW ON ALSO CURED HAM, BOILED HAM AND BREAKFAST BACON. LET US FIX YOU UP A NICE ROAST FOR SUNDAY'S DINNER?VEAL OR THE OLDER MEAT. WE BUY HIDES. 1 Geo. W. Shercr Geo. A. Sherer i THE CITY MARKET