Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, January 17, 1919, Image 1
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YORKVILIE ENQUIHER.
ISSUED SBMl-WEERLT.
l m GitisT's sons, pobiisben. J ^ ^amilg jleaspapEr: J'or (hi; promotion of the political, ?j>cial, ^grieultural and (fommerml .interests of the people. | TER *!^^?Kf6J1RBNc"1^ANce
VORK- s. a. FRIDAY. JAKUAEY 17, 1919~ 2STO. ft
ESTABLISHED ISoo
RESULTS OF WORLD WAR
Victory o! Allies Makes A Democratic
Europe.
VIEW OF GREAT ITALIAN STATESMAN
Signor Ferrero Says That the Idea o>
the Divine Right of Kings is Gone
C ."J Cr?m NflW on th.l
rwiwv?i ?mw ?... .....
sideration of the More Powerful.
Weaker Nations Will Have the Con |
In an article in the Secolo, of Rom.j t
Signor Gugllelmo Ferrero philosophiz- ]
ea in the manner In which his readers >
have learned to expect from this very j
thoughtful historian on the results at-1
tained by the war. '"The world war," ?
he says, "has lasted much longer than 1
even those who cherished the fewest,
Illusions anticipated; but, as a compen- i
satlon, It has unraveled the knot, forJ
a century considered indissoluble, of
the greatest European questions on
which all the smaller questions depended.
How many of us have dared
to hope during these four years, that
at the end of the war the Austro-HunL
garlan empire and the German empire
H would together have disappeared from
the earth? No one however, could
^ have imaglr^d that the war would also
have removed the Russian empire
which was fighting on the other side;
v that all the three militarist empires
by divine right wouia nave xaueu timing
and at the end of this war, both
friends and enemies; and that at th
end of the long duel only the parloamentary
democracies of the west would
fnnnH standing. Italy. France and
England, those which were considered
the weaker nations.
"Nevertheless the improbable has
become reality. From the time of th<
French revolution until 1918 Europe C]
was divided into two parts, which now
made war, and then a truce but never ^
peace; the Europe which was dynastic
'by divine right,' and national demo- |n
cratic Europe. Today there is only onr ,
Europe. The conquerors find them- t
selves in front of a blank page on ^
which they can write what they l'kc;
a cleared and free trrltory on which ^
they can build in accordance with the ^
designs of the mind and not in accord- tj.
ance with the tyranic impositions of
that same territory, and before vast .
masses derived from these three great
ruins out of which they can carve a gt
new Europe which shall be a harmonious
and living example of political art. C?
Such ample justice has never before q
been done, nor has so great an oppor- t|
tunlty presented itself in the history of tJ(
Europe, and it may well be argued
that it will not soon occur again. Will ^
" "V,nm Itaoir annul to the OCCS- I
CiUl V^?C Oliwn ihiv*4
slon and not allow a moment, which is
perhaps unique in the history of the
world, to pass unutilized? ,
"Every one should do what in them
Ilea to insure that the great hopes of
" * ' tlife present time shatt not be disappointed,
for only in this way will the w
victory for which our soldiers' bravery ve
and the sacrifices of the civil population
have wrested from the enemy
[yield its fruits. The peace congress T1
will have to draw the boundaries within
which a greater number of new ln
- peoples than ever before came into ex- is
istence at the same time will have to th
< live. The operation, difficult at any th
* time, will be especially difficult in a in
century in which the very idea of lim"
its has been uncertain for some time, m
both ln thought and action, and when ar
to consider every yard gained as a f?
stage to gain more has been held to be su
the highest wisdom in some cases and
the finest heroism in others. The con- si;
gress will probably have to decide bc
among a number of contradictory aspirations,
all having some points in Wl
their favor, either because the lines di- ca
vlding races and languages are hardly it)
ever very clearly traced on the face el
of the earth, or because national limits w
do not always satisfy the political and m
economic needs of either large or
small states.
"It will not be easy to decide fairly t'"
among these conflicting claims. Just as c
It will not be easy to see that the de- *>"
cisions of the congress are considered t
and respected as the basic statute of ')i
_ the new order of public right in Eu- di
rope reconstituted according to the hi
rule of nationality. It may happen "
that more than one of the new nations 't
may be tempted to consider the decisions
of the congress as a first pay- <
ment, a first stage, a s gn of good hopes
for the future. The spirit of the old ? "
Europe Will not perish so soon! '1
"This danger must be taken Into ac- o'
count if the rcconst tution of Europe
according to the rule of national.ty is ra
M not to be the signal for new wars. Na- <
^ tions are by nature neither belllccs la
nor pacific, they live at peace or they
make war according to the pass ons r
which inflame them, the Ideas which t'
prevail in the states, or the interests u:
in which they are absorbed- There- "i
fore the limits of these nations must ti
be traced, not on a foundation of the rr
suspicions, jealousy, rivalry and over- c<
bearing which made the policy of the ti
N'noteenth century productive of so n
many wars in spite of the desire for It
peace, but in such a way that every p
people may be able to live in reasona- o
ble contentment with its lot. k
"This is possible today, provided s
there is a wish for it. Many of the h
calamities wnicn amicieu ^uiuiw m n
the Nineteenth century arose from the f<
desire to impose conditions on the less n
fortunate nations which made existence
impossible for them. The two p
^ first victims were Poland and Italy, p
and when the Italian question was p
partially solved the Balkan peoples tl
were added to the list. c
"Those who look for a reason as to E
why Europe persisted in sowing the e
wind and reaping the whirlwind in e
this fashion, depriving these peoples h
of air and breathing space, will find it t
wm to the interest first of Austr'a or u
Russia and then of Germany. These s
interests and ambitions no longer ex- o
ist and Europe can at last be the com- d
man mother country of a great number a
rof nations who may live side by side,
without being either overbearing, or c
fearing one another's prosperity as a d
danger to themselves, but rejoicing in t
a common good in which all can share, a
It is only if the nations will know how a
to understand each other's necessities s
and to avoid the struggles and the
humiliations, the mutilations and the
difficulties with which they tormented : v
themselves up to the time of the 1
\
world war, that western civilization j
1
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LIEUTENANT HENI
York County Aviator Who Was Killed
ui avoid the crisis which threatens it ernn
i every hand. men
It Is not to be supposed that the by
mce congress will be infal'ible, nor Hay;
iat all the new nations which it w'U maj<
ivest with a territory and a place in In p
istory will have the wisdom needed ' is er
? prevent them from every disturb'ng mess
?e universal order of things. If the j tions
ilst&kes made In drawing up the new ! read
urope and which experience brings in th
> light are to be corrected without
le victims being tempted, in despair 1 add
' other means, to have recourse as a ' men
at resort to force, or if some impa- | R?g<
ent nation wishes to alter the new |
atute of Europe without the consent I ratu:
! the others, there must be a force tram
ipable of restoring order." This,
uglielmo Ferrero afflms, in conclu- thou
on, leads to the question of ques- that
ons: the League of Nations, and with ??ve
iat, he remarks, he will deal on an- ^
her occasion. high
m , for 1
AWAY WITH MONEY JjJj^
view
f
ipanese Idea of a Paradise of the i
Peace. "on
d ss
We will make here a suggestion strik
hich furnishes us a method to pre- Mar:
mt the appearance of the rich, and ga^tl
'ert the consequent result of the was
fference between rich and poor, ure I
ae suggestion consists of the entire
suse of the money over the world rt,atl
order to give the struggle for ex- He <
tence a check, to make a way with the i
ie difference of rich and poor, and
us to promote peace and equality {0r <
the public life of mankind. j take
It is through the medium of the
oney that wealth is accumulated, e(j r
id the accumulation entails the dif- adva
rence of rich and poor, with its re- deve
iltant struggle for existence. ititjn'
This sate of things is most unde- poin
rable. The end of mankind is not to , the
s proud of individual talent*r abi'y,
but to co-enjoy the peace of the g.atj
orld, Just as in a family, and any mun
.use which brings about any incqualy
in public life must be radically asp
iminated. It is for this reason that War
e dare to suggest the disuse of the rinci
oney to prevent the difference of
ch and poor. vclo]
What crafty fellow ever produced of t
, , nf expc
e money mr usu m uuiuau . sion
lurse, nationalization of various val- al w
iblcs, such as gold, silver, jewels, stoat
c., shal' be implied in the disuse of war
ie money and their ownership by inviduals
be prohibited. Such valuai
s retain their values only when j
ey are used as a means of inoqual- l
y, but will bo nothing more than Cerr
iose pebbles on the road when |
juality is to be prevalent. They may pj
ivc romc ^alue in giving us a good Oeri
el'ng on account of their elegance, rpec
?en they may be used, under public the
vncrship, for the decoration of 'ng
rin-s. ter.iplcs, churches, halls, and app<
mny other like buildings to the rrnt
>mr-on p'easurc of the public at \ or]
roe. each
Mcst complicated troubles nay a- : rt
Si from the adjustment of prcp'r- el a
cs after tbc enforcement of the (lis- p]
se of the money. With the proposed care
.iprrestion mines, railroad, ships, elec- of v
ic and gas plants, waterworks, and subi
inr.y other properties essential to the < oi
jmmon interest of a nation shall be the
-rnsferrcd to the national owner.; hi p. jji-t
ot to ray of the nationalisation of p]o;
?nd. and they shall be equally com legu
ensated for, as for the confismt'oc j the
f money and several bonds, with a ftosi
ind of registration bond newly is- Edit
ued for the purpose, which should sub
ave the characteristic of temporary -hni
ransitional means until an improved 100 <
?ature makes its appearance in a onoi
ew society. 'nve
In other regards individuals may bo tt rii
crmitted to retain their own property ors
ersonal and real, and maintain their Gen
rofessions or occupations. Transac- o
Ions shall be carried on by the cx- hy ;
hangc of kind in kind, or barter. jncl
lut as barter is too inconven:ent to be firir
nforccd. a ticket system may be tak- j thoi
n for the remedy of this defeat. As and
as been stated, our ideal disuse of com
he money does not admit any accum- rep<
ilation of wealth, and so the tickets \
hall be given each a certain period jng
f time, say 10, 20, 30 years or more, as 1
luring which they can be in use, and tow
fter which their circulation ceases, bom
When this is accomplished, there a
an be no more complaints, no more ]arg
issotisfactions. no more contradic- heft
ions, and no more misunderstandings, ing
,nd the world will be reorganized into the
, paradise of peace.?Seijiro Bawa- to i
hima in Dai Nippon. clus
? . ? . reac
? How under-ground and through- som
rater wireless was put into pract cal to I
ise has just been disclosed by the Na- .
y Department offic als. giving to the j nfn
lublic another of its war secrets. Gov- I arrc
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IY L. SUGGS
In France During December
pent officials regard tb s devdopt,
originated in private research
James H. Rogers, a scientist, of
attsville, Md.f as one of the war's
)r scientific advisors of the kind,
raticial use, the new system so far
nploycd only for receiving radio
iages sent out from powerful stai
in Europe. They are now being
at underground receiving station
ig United States, and in some cases
;r than when caught by the elate
and expensive air stations. In
tion, it was revealed at the departt,
through an adaptation of the
rs' theory, that submarines under
r are intercepting radio signals
from shore, and with crude appas,
the scientist has succeeded in
emitting s'gnals two miles from a.
rerged wire, simulating a submaOffic'als
say it is possible, algh
not yet an accomplished fact,,
ground or water sending can be
loped to a considerable extentr
do not anticipate, however, that
present method of sending from
towers will be superceded except
imited special purposes. The themost
generally held until Rogers
onstrated the correctness of his
s, was that impulses hurled into
ifr from a radio transmitting staand
deflected earthward became
pated as does lightning when
ing the ground or water. The
fland scientist, however, believed
the impulses flowed through the
1 as through the air and that it
only necessary to trap and meas;hem
in the ground. He had been
ork on his theory before the
ed States entered the war and aly
had interested naval experts,
iffered the results of his work to
navy without restrict'on and ofls
say he was with diffculty pered
to accept even remuneration
iptnnl time. One of the first Steps
n was the request of the Navy Dement,
under war legislation, that
implication for patents be exped;tThis
was done. Some of the main
mtagc8 of the Rogers' system, as
loped so far, accord:ng to experts,
ilmost negligible cost of constructhc
intensifying of signals by
ting the sending apparatus toward
receiving stat'on and reduction of
c interference. Eecause of the
r advantage the navy's receiving
on at New Orleans, where comication
with ships in Southern waswept
by frequent electrical storms
iaintainod, uses the underground
iratus with marked succ< ss. In
a great advantage is that subma3
receive messages while submergThis
is being done by w:rcs trailin
the water. The Rogers' depment
aroused electrical experts
he government to new efforts to
inel and improve radio transmisfacultics
Out of the experimentork
done with this and other ideas
rty advance has been made under
pressure and Rogers' theories arc
rwoven with those of other men in
results being obtained.
TO TRY THE KAISER.
nan Empe'or Will Have to Answer
for Crimes.
-oeeedings against the former
nan Emperor are advised in a
:al report by a sub-committee of
commission charged with inquirinto
violations of the laws of war
minted two months ago. The pahody
has done a great deal of
k through its sub-committees, to
' of which was assigned some
'cular phases of violations chargi
-ainst enemy countries,
ans for a tribunal which will try
(s in which violations of the laws
i-ar are alleged have already been
nilted.
no of the most difficult phases of
work has been the inquiry into
reatrr.ent of prisoners, their emmont
hoViinri the firing lines, il
1 methods of warfare, misuse of
Red Cross flag, bombardments of
pita's and the executions of Miss
th Cavoll and Capt. Fryatt. The
-comnvttce having this work in
rge has already examined about
300 cases of ill-treatment of prlsrs
and has about 150,000 more tc
(stigate. It has submitted an inm
report on employment of prisonbehind
the firing lines and in
man mines and quarries,
ffenses at sea arc being dealt with
i third committee, its investigation
uding destruction of merchantmen
lg on crews after destruction ol
r vessels, sinking of hospital ships
other alleged violations. This
imittee has already submitted a
>rt on illegal submarine warfare
fourth committee has been dealwith
offenses from the air. such
he indiscriminate bombardment ol
ns and the willful or reckless
ibarding of hospitals.
11 the sub-committees still have
e masses of evidence to examine
>re final reports are issued dealwith
charges to be preferred and
degree of responsib'lity attachinp
Individuals. Although final coniions
may not, therefore, be
'hed in a majority of cases for
e months, it is said that it is no1
be assumed that practical steps
e not been taken to secure and
st offenders.
???????i
BONE DRY GOES. U
ef
Whisky Must Not Be Carried Into For* fc
bidden Territory. t
Statutes of "dry" states permitting
persons to import or personally bring ni
In limited amounts of intoxicants for 8J
; their own use were In effect nulliflfed I aj
I by the so-called Reed "bone dry" je
amendment enacted by congress, the n
United States supreme court holds in c,
. an opinion reversing the Federal courtly,
for the southern district of West Vlr- Lj,
ginia. . 11]
I Justice MacReyw>ias, in a ai?cuu^B D,
'opinion in which Justice Clarke con- g,
curred, held that the Reed amendment ^
was not an interstate eeajmerceregh- a,
latory measure, but was direct xMAdling
with state affairs and as mfch l
purely beyond the power of the jHkl- w
eral government ft
The case came up on an appear*)* y<
the government from the lower coiltrt
decision dismissing the proceeding* blb w
, brought against Dan Hill for carrying a]
a quart of liquor into West Virgtoia ?
for own personal use as is permitted
by the state law. The trial court held g,
J that such transportation did not come 8C
| v/ithin the meaning of the Reed amend- w
|went which, it held, was intended to se
j apply only rtc actual shipments of li-jjn
" <nu_ /innrt rPmanfitd the I C
!<]nwr. xlie aufiunc wi?.? - . ^
ease for retrial. ja]
la .rendering the majority opln'on, p(
Justice Day said: M
"In view of the authority of con- a,
gress over Jhe subject matter and the n(
enactment (Of previous legislation.em- C(
bodied in the Wilson and Webb-Ken- jj.
yon laws, we have no question that p
congress enacted this statute because e
of its belief that in states prohibiting fc
, the sale or manufacture of intoxicating
liquors for beverage purposes, the p<
: fac.lities of interstate commerce should w
be denied to the introduction of intox- p,
Icants by means of interstate com- ar
I mcrce, except for the limited purposes js
permitted in the statute which have
: nothing to do with liquor when used m
as a beverage. f ar
"That the state saw fit to permit the ai
introduction of liquor tor personal use p,
in the limited quantity In no wise In - u,
terferes with the authority <of congress,
acting under its plenary pover over
interstate commerce to make prohibition
against interstate shipment con- ?(
tained in this act. It may exert Its authority
as in the Wilson and WehbKenyon
acta having in view the laws ^
of the state, but it has a power of its
own, which in this instance it has ex- ^
erted in accordance with its view of ln
public policy. When congress exerts
its authority in a matter within its control
state laws must give way in the hi
regulation of the subject matter by the
superior power conferred by the constitution."
Justice MacReynolds said in dissenting:
te:
"The Reed amendment in no proper be
sense regulates interstate commerce, I
but is a direct intermeddling with
state's internal affairs. Wheth?&Mft*> jtf
garded as a reward or punishment for
wisdom or folly in enacting limited ^
prohibition, the amendment so con- W(
strued, I think, goes beyond Federal j,
power, and to hold an otherwise opin
m
ion opens possibilities for partial and
sectional legislation which may de- ar
stroy proper control of their own af- j.j
fairs by the several states.
"If congress may deny liquor to those
who live in a state simply because its ^
manufacture Is not permitted, then . why
may this not be done for any sug
i gested reason, namely, because the,
roads are bad, or men are hanged for | ^
murder or coal is dug. Where is the ^
limit? The Reed amendment as now
C
construed Is a congressional fiat im- ^
posing, more complete prohibition .
wherever the state has assumed to prevent
the manufacture or sale of intox-.
icants." jj
CRITICISM FROM ROOSEVELT. th
1U'
What the Dead Ex-President Thought
of the League of Nations. ^
An article on the league of nations, 81
the last contribution that Col Thco- T1
j dore Roosevelt prepared for the Kansas
City Star, appeared in that paper blJ
last Monday. The editorial was dictat- U*
ed on Friday, January 3, and his sec-''
retary expected to take the typed copy
to him for correction on the following. UI
Instead she was notified early that se
morning of his death. " .
The article follows; 11:11
"It is, of course, a serious misfor- &
tune that our people are not getting aj *0
clear idea of what is happening on the, 1S
other side. For the moment the point! m
as to which we are foggy is the 'league| aI
of nations. We, all of us, earnestly I ce
desire such a league, only we wish to) c*
be sure that it will help and not hinder Al
the cause of world peace and Justice. th
There is not a young man in this coun- nl
try who has fought, or an old man who Pr
has seen those dear to him fight, who 815
does not wish to minimize the chance th
of future war. But there is not a man m
of sense who does not know that in a8
any such movement if too much is at
tempted the result Is either failure or
worse than failure.
Stage of Rhetoric.
The trouble with Mr. Wilson's uttorannes.
as far as they are reported, s
and the utterances of acquiescence in j
them by European statesmen, Is that
they are still absolutely in the stage of
1 rhetoric precisely like the fourteena
points. Some of the fourteen points
will probably have to be construed as
1 having a mischievous sentence, a
smaller number might be construed, as being
harmless, and one or two. even
as beneficial, but nobody knows what
Mr. Wilson really means by them, and
1 so all talk of adopting them as a basis
I for a peace or a league is nonsense,
. and if the talker is intelligent, It is insincere
nonsense to boot. Mr. Wilson's
1 recent utterances have given us abso'
lutely no clue as to whether he really
l intends that at this moment we shall
admit Russia, Germany with whom,
incidentally, we are still waging a war
1 Turkey, China and Mexico into a. [
league on a full equality with our-.
> selves. Mr. Taft has recently defined-;
the purposes of the league and tile!
limitations under which it would
' in a way that enables most of us to.say |
we very heartily agree in principle
t with his theory and can, without doubt.
'>; come to an agreement on specific dei
tails.
! "Would It not be well to begin with
I the league which we actually have in (
^existence? The league of the Allies, i
i j who have fought through this great (
1 war? Let us at the peace tabic see j
' that real justice is done as among j
lO"" Allies and that while the stern- i
it reparation is demanded from our
>es for such horrorj is those commit- '
;d in Belgium, northern France, Artenia
and the sinking of the Lusltaia,
nothing should be done in the
)irlt of mere vengeance. Then let us
5rce to extend the privileges of the
ague as rapidly as their conduct warints
It to other nations, doubtless dis imlnating
between these who would
ave a guiding part in the league and
le weak nations who would be entied
to the privileges of membership,
ut who would not be entitled to a
' Jl AAiinhila Pflrh I
JIUlIlg VVU? 1U VUO JUWwsswsw. v.
at on reserve to itself and for its own j
ecision, and let it cjearly set forth)
uestions which are non-justifiable. I
et nothing be done that will interfere
1th our preparing for our own de>nce
by introducing a system of uni?
srsal obligatory military training.
Finally, make it perfectly clear that
e do not intend to take a position of'
1 international meddlesome matter,
he American people do not wish to go
ito an overseas war unless for a very
reat cause and where the issue is ab(lutcjy
plain. Therefore, we do not
ish to undertake the responsibility of
indlng our gallant young men to die
i obscure fights in the Balkans or in
entral Europe, ur In a war we do not
?prove of. Moreover, the American
sople do not intend to give up the
onroe doctrine. Let civilized Europe
id Asia introduce some kind of pole
system in the weak and disorderly
mntries at their thresholds. Eut let
le United States treat Mexico as our
alkan peninsular and refuse to allow;
uropean or Asiatic powers to interre
on this continent in any way that
jpl'es permanent or semi-permanent
issesaion. Every one of our Allies
111 with delight grant this request If
res dent Wilson chooses to make it,
id it wil! pe a great misfortune if it
not made,
"inbelieve that such an effort made
oderately and et nely, but sincerely
id with utter morn forwards that
e not made gooc by deeds, will be
oductlve of real and lasting internamal
good."
NO TIME FOR POLITICS.
leaker Cothran Calls Upon Members
to Give Honest Service.
Hon. T. P. Cothran of Greenville,
is unanimously re-elected speaker of
e house of representatives last Tuesiy,
,snd on taking the chair he said
parti
"You o?ji not use your place in this
>use as & stepping stone to some
gher office, jf such exists, and give
e state what you have obligated
urself to give, .faithful, intelligent
rvice"Contemplate
with the keenest lnrest
and intelligence the task that is
fore you, and gird your loins.
"You are the directors ?X ine greait
corporation in the statq, the state
relf. - *"You
have in your keep the en e
statute law of the state; by your
jrd that great band which holds its
vilization in bound can be annulled,
odified, amended; broken or mended.
"Those laws are intended to guaritee
the security of the citizen's life,
jerty and property. You have the
>wer to alter them as you will. Not
at there is a threat impending, but
intensify and emphasize the mag.
tude of your power and consequent
ponslbility.
The power of taxation is in your
tads, the highest attribute of sovergnty,
plenary and without limit expt
the discretion which it is your
" -* - Tt (ifivnr s every
Hi .10 BAcnus. ?v
ece of property in the state, it
aches out to every citizen in the
ate, it is imbued with the extreme
nit of compulsion, imprisonment to
e person and confiscation of property
ider the auctioneer's hammer. The
>vernor of the state, the king of Engnd
and the president of the United
atcs cannot do vhat you can do.
lat power carries with it the great
sponslbillty and duty of laying that
irdcn fairly, equally, justly upon
ose who must bear it
"You are charged with the educajnal
institutions of the state. It is
? to you to wipe from the slate the
igma of illiteracy. South Carolina
ands at the very bottom amo? all
e states, only Louis:ana having a
cater percentage of illiteracy. Out of
>3,000 enrolled Democratic voters in
16, nearly 20,000 had to make their
ark. There should be no limit to the
>propriations for common schools expt
what is needed to secure for every
lild in the state a place in school,
ad it would seem but fair and logical
at if such accommodations were furshod
by the state as a means of self eservation,
the sole Justification for
ich a liberal policy, you should, for
e same reason, compel those who
Ight be recalcitrant to take advant- I
:e of them." I
5
V W :
One of the greatest enemies of
1 'oast, which crulaed around as a hi
t J-bonts would come up to attack, th<
l nd usually the sinking of another l1
admiralty. This photograph shows tl
fiction.
EXTRA SESSION NECESSARY. |
Look* Now That Congress Cannot
Completo Its Work by March 4.
With half the short session gone, the
prospect afforded by an examination
of the congressional calendar a.nl tit"
work ahead of congress is none too
reassuring, says a Washington dispatch.
It will only be by a tits! at
the fag end of the session that congress
can hope to enact the legislation
necessary to stabilize conditions and
earry on the business of the government.
So far only two appropriation MPs
have been passed by the house, wh'le I
the senate has not passed any. T.ne
revenue bill Is st'll pending In conference,
although the conferees hoje
- "IV- ? A
tor its eariy passage. xnc io.nu: u .
transact more business Is In large pa-t |
due, Jt Is believed, to the complicated |
situation which faced congress with
the signing of the armistice. Th'ngs
have really come to such a pass that
an extra session of congress Is almost
Inevitable, whether the Democrats like
it or not
The senate, in particular, refuses to
enact legislation before a thorough Investigation
Jnto the new deve'opments.
The policy advocated by the adm'nlstratlon
on some vital matters meets
with the strongest opposition, and,
that being the case, It Is too much to
xpect that the remainder of the short
session will be sufficient to pass Intelligently
on such questions as the railroads,
army and navy appropriations
and a constructive labor policy.
The problem presented by the rail
a_ la frroot tn rujrmit Af
ru?tuc> triune 10 tw w a
hasty action. In this case the views
of the administration on the five-year
period of control clash with the views
of what would appear to be a majority
of congressional leaders. Mr. Mc\doo,
former director-general, presented
his case to a very hostile committee,
which did not agree either
with his recommendation of extending
the period of Federal control or handing
over the roads without delay to
the owners as an alternative,
Already not less than five distinct
solutions of the railroad problem have
been offered to the Interstate commerce
committee of the senate. This
merely indicates the great lack of
unan'mity on a question which affects
the basis economic structure. The be'lef
now Is that congress will not pass I
any railroad legislation In he present
session. At the same tlm* the argument
Is put forth that the government
cannot relinquish Its control un- j
til some legislation Is enacted.
Again there Is a great diversity cf
views on ml'itary and navaj policies
and appropriations, The line of cleavage
Is no longer a political one, a fact
which renders the enactment of legislation
more difficult. Thus Secretary
Daniels's recommendation for a greatly
increased navy will be opposed by
some of the best known figures in the 1
senate. - i
The progressives In that body demand
that there shall be Immediate
economic retrenchment to ease the
burden of taxation and to prevent dissatisfaction.
They will aiso ask Secretary
Daniel to explain who the potential
enemy Is against whom such
naval preparations are to be made and
whether or not the policy of increased
naval strength accords with the per
petuatlon"of that grood feeling' which is
the basis of American diplomacy.
There has been a great deal of loose
talk on reconstruction legislation,
especially In regard to the labor question.
The eesuute committee on education
and labor Is holding hearings on
the question of labor and employment.
Out of these. hearings It Is
hoped will develop a sane and rational
labor policy to take the place of the
present Individualistic conflict between
capital and labor. That the
rew remaining weeks of th's session
should be enough to deal with all
'vese problems Intelligently Is, It Is
relieved, too much to hope. Hence an
-grra session of congress Is thougni
almost inevitable.
WHEREABOUTS OF TROOPS.
Thirtieth Division Is Not to Be Returned
Soon.
Of the southern troops overseas,
says a Washington aispaicn ui
day, men of only two divisions, the
Thirty-first and Thirty-ninth, are to
he returned to the United States In
the near future- Part of the Thirtyfirst
division, composed of Georgia, Alabama
and Florida soldiers, already
have sailed 'and the remainder have
been placed on priority for early return.
The Thirty-first has been "skeletonized,"
according to the war department.
When hostilities ended it was
located at Brest, France, and had not
been assigned to a place in the fighting
line.
j The Thirty-nineth division, .composed
ojf Alabama, Louisiana and MissisHUN
SUBMARINE
x \ ^ v....
^i^bl
jng
the U-boat was the "Q" ship Suffolli
innless sailing vessel until one of the
?n the sides of the ship would open uj
f-boat would be reported by the British
M forward hatch open with the gun is
sippl, has been skeletonized for replacement
and return, to the United
States. The Thirty-ninth was a depot
division located at St Florent France,
when the fighting stopped.
The Thirtieth division, composed of
North Carolina, South Carolina and
Tennessee troops, had been assigned to
fight with the British and was located
at Quarrien, France, when the armistice
was signed. It is now located at
11
xjaiiuvii
The Eightieth division, composed of
Virginia, West Virginia and western
Pennsylvania troops, was attached to
the American Second army and when
the lighting ceased was located at
Sommauthe and Stelezier. Prance.
Latest reports show it located at
Aucy-le-France.
The Eighty-first division, composed
of North Carolina, South Carolina,
Florida and Porto Rico troops, was located
at Somme Dieue and Ia-Sur-Tille
when hostilities ceased, being at that
time unassigned. At present It is at
Mussy Sur Seine.
The Eighty-second division, composed
of Georgia, Alabama and Tennessee
troops, was attached to the
American First army and was located
at FJorent, France, when the lighting
ceased. Jt is at Prauthoy.
The Eighty-seventh division, composed
of Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi
and southern Alabama troops,
was doing temporary duty at Pons,
France, near Bordeaux, when fighting
ceased. It < now located at St Nozlere;
The Forty-second (or Rainbow) division,
composed of men from all
parts of the country, at present is attached
to the army of occupation and
located at Thrweller. It was at Maisoncelle
and St Dlzler, France, when
the armistice was signed.
The Ninety-second division, composed
of negro troops from all parts of
the .country, was at Marbache and St
Pizier, France, when fighting ceased,
and at present is located at Marbache.
? ? ?
FOOD BETTER THAN FORCE.
Why Precjdent Wants One Hundred
Million Dollars.
President Wilson's message addressed
to administration leaders in congress
concerning the $100,000,000 appropriation
for European food relief
follows:
I cannot too earnestly or solemnly
urge upon the congress tne appropriation
(or which Mr. Hoover has asked
(or the administration o( (ood relle(.
Food is now the key to the whole European
situation and to the solution o(
peace- Bolshevism is steadily advanc- '
ing westward, is poisoning Germany.
ft .cannot be stopped by torce, but it
pan be ^topped by (ood, and all the
leaders with .whom f. am in con(erence
agree that concern action in this matter
is p( immediate and vital importance.
The money will net be spent (or (ood
(or Germany ItseK, because Germany
can buy its (ood, but it will be spent
(or financing tbe movement o( (ood to,
our real (riends In Poland and to the
people o( the liberated unite o( thej
Auetro-Hungarian empire and to our
associates In the Balkans. I beg that
you will present this matter with all
possible urgency and (orce to the congress.
I do not see how we can find definite'
powers with whom to conclude peace
unless this means ot stemming the
tide o( anarchism be employed.
A message (rom Henry White, Republican
member ot the American
peace aeiegtuiuu, mau i?u >u %.v..D.?w~,
follows:
Feel I should no longer delay laying
before you condition which has been
gradually forcing itself upon our delegation,
and which now dominates entire
European situation above all else
namely, startling westward advance
of Bolshevism. It now completely controls
Russia and Poland and is spreading
through Germany, Only effective
barrier now against it Is food relief, as
Bolshevism thrives only on starvation
and disorder. I consider It, therefore,1
of the utmost importance that president's
request for 1100,000,000 appro'
priation for relief be granted at once.
Impossible to inaugurate peace confer*
ence and proper auspices without previous
adequate provisions to cope with
situation.
Aside from the stoppage of Bolshevism,
I understand there is In the
United States considerable surplus of
food accumulated at high prices, main
tonance whereof guaranteed by our
government, or assurance under Its
auspices, and that it Is necessary to
dispose of this surplus in order to relieve
warehouse and financial facilities
as well as prevent serious fall in price,
with radical break in market, which
would cost our country more than the
appropriation asked for.
| The appropriation is not for the purpose
of advancing money to Germany,
which will pay on a cash basis for any
food sent there. Allies are already furnishing
to liberated territories, and are
disposed to assist otherwise to the extent
of their available resources, but
most of the food must come from the
United States. I cannot too strongly
Impress upon you urgency of meeting
situation herein described.
Sheep With fewer sheep in the
United States by 12,000,000 than therwere
twelve years ago, it is not strange
that the government is asking farmers
to raise more wool-producing animals.
The now famous slogan. "Ten hens in
every back yard," is supplemented by
another, "A bunch of sheep in every
farm yard." The appeal is made especially
to farmers in the corn belt,
but eastern farmers, too, are becoming
interested. The great sheep ranches of
the west are being broken up and new
* 1-1- Ko ^o_
methods or sneep raising muai w ^
veloped. It has been suggested that
several sheep in every flock should be
equipped with a cowbell to aid in their
protection. No doubt there are thousands
of such bells repos'ng In farmhouse
cupboards. Their tinkle In the
pastures and along the roadsides once
more would be a welcome sound.
Christian Sc'ence Monitor.
Isaac Deutch and six policemen of
Phllade'phia, were on Monday convicted
on charges of murder growing
out of an election killing, and sentencI
ed to terms of two years to six months
I and fines of $1,000 to $200.
1 1 '
I Dr. Horace Fletcher, well known a?
. a dietician, died at Copenhagen, Monday.
a>red 70 years. He waa a natlv<
of Lawrence, Mass,
CONDITION OF TURKEY.
Why a Great Opportunity Failad to
Baar Better Fruit.
Turkey'a Hamidian regime, of thir- 3
ty-three years duration, ended ten
years ago. The death of the Ottoman I
empire in the spring of 1908 need only
have brought out the comment that the
Sick Man of Europe had been an unconscionable
time a-dylng. But in July,
1908, came the supposed miracle of the >
Young Turk revolution.
There was practically no bloodshed.
Vengeance for the horrors perpetrated
by Abdul Hamld seemed swallowed up
tin an intoxication of joy. Out of the
universal Intrigue, suspicion, corruption
and cruelty sprang full-blown a
new government based on all the virtues.
The slogan was "liberty, fraternity,
equality, Justice." Turk and Armenian
wept on each other's neck as
they embraced over the graves of massacred
Armenians, who for thirteen
years had not been publicly mourned.
Turk, Greek, Bulgar, Albanian and
Jew all fraternised as not in a thousand
years.
Within the empire the millenium
seemed to have come. But the revolution
was not acceptable to Turkey's
neighbors, at least not without a ehanoe
to even up old scores and liquidate
Ham id lan debts. All in a heap in the
early days of October, vigorous Bulgaria
declared her Independence of the '"-J
decrepit concern to which she was
tributary and became a full-fledged
kingdom instead of a "nrlncinalltv."
Austria-Hungary declared the annexation
of Bosnia and Herzegovina,
Turkish provinces, which for thirty
years the dual monarchy had been administering
"in behalf of Turkey";
Crete, albeit unsuccessfully, declared .<
for union with her natural motherland,
Greece. The Toung Turks, looking
at all these violations from a very
academic standpoint had not the sense
to bow gracefully before the inevitable.
Untrained idealists and a few old foxes
ins'sted on their "rights,*' and apparently
thinking that by abolishing the
rule which had so cruelly oppressed
Turkey from within they cpu)d thereby
erase external consequences. Young ?
Turkey had her defenders. She seenar
ed in almost every way to commend
herself to the sympathies of the nobleminded,?Boston
Herald.
NOT A SMALL NATION
Polish Country Large In Domain
and Rich In Peopla
Notwithstanding the fact that In this
war nearly three million Polishspeaking
soldiers have been forced
into fratricidal com iat, driven into
battle by German and Austrian and
Russian conscriptirn,' to fight their
cousins and brothers, ft ay persons
seem to believe Poland a small nation.
They forget the magnitude of
its historic domain and the numbers
of its pe,ople. The kingdom of Boleslaus
the Gfeat (992-J025) stretched
from the Baltic sea to th<& ^Carpathians.
It Included part of Saxony thj?
whole of Silesia, and stretched almost
to Berlin. In 17T8, when came the first ^
dismemberment, Poland covered S00,
000 square miles almost 100,000 miles j
more than the German empire of today.
Its population was eleven and 'j
a half millions. It ranks, indeed, wlth^^j
Italy as the fifth European
Before the outbreak of this war there
was a compact mass of 36,000,POO peo-1
I. .nAiklrlnw DAIIsV
piu 111 AUIUyo 0|^OAiU5 WIIV A VllOil
language; -and whatever ruler might
claim dominion- over them, they were
one; no mutilation of the national
body, no cruelties or oppresions,
could dissever the Poles in spirit
They remain today one nation In language
and In aspirations, despite a
century and a half of political slavery,
and through all those years the
love of liberty ha$ burned within
them as an Inextinguishable flame.
For a Constitutional Convention. A
Joint resolution Is to be Introduced in /
both houses of the genera] assembly
' Aavm / alllno- tftT a
, w11.11111 Hie ucaw ftvn uw/?, m ^
constitutional convention. Provision*
of the resolution are that the question
shall be submitted in referendum to
the people in the general election of
1920* ^0
The resolution will be introduced in
the senate by Senator Nells Christensen
of Beaufort and Senator S. H. McGhee
of Greenwood. The following la
the text of the resolution:
''Be It enacted by the general assembly
of the state of South Carolina:
"Section 1. That the question of
calling a constitutional convention of
the people of South Carolina to be submitted
to the qualified electore of the
state at the next general election to be
held for the election of representatives,
and if a majority of electors,
qualified to vote for members of the
general assembly, voting op said question,
vote in favor of such convention,
It shall be the duty of the general assembly
at their next session to designate
the time and place and the prescribed
manner of holding said convention.
"Sec. 2. The question of calling said
constitutional convention shall be submitted
to said qualified electors in the
following manner: Those in favor of
the constitutional convention shall dei>
posit a ballot on which the following
words are plainly written or printed
thereon, to wit: 'For constitutional
convention, yea.' Those opposed to
calling said convention shall deposit a
ballot with the following words plainly
written or printed thereon, to wit: 'For
constitutional convention. No.'" ^
It was an Unjust Order. Congressman
Lever has entered a vigorous
protest to Secretary Baker against the
order of the war department prohibiting
further promotions In the army,
this order as it affects men who have
arrived in France after the signing of
the armistice.
"My view is," said Mr. Lever, "that
this order as affects men who have
noiVkco ioon hlltrfl Cft It ifl Uf| -
generous and unfair to the gallant men
who have fought the battles of their
country. Many of the men have been .
robbed of their promot'ons by 24
hours only. In other words, they were
i ecommende-J for promotion 24 hours
' before the signing of th? armistice.
The order then conies and denies them
[ their rights. I have put the matter
squarely up to Secretary Baker in the
, most unmistakable language and I am
hopeful that h3 will see the injustice
cf the order. Of course the department
is Justified in Issuing the order
? so far as It affects men who have not
~on<* across, but is absolutely uns
Justified as to those who have seen
real sen-ice."
.-J
r.jjMaMifa rfTTWBiaMaag^Mi^B