Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, December 24, 1918, Image 1
YORKVILLE ENQUIRER.
ISSUED aMU-WMaa.T. . , i
m giiist's soxs, Pubtiibers. S Jlfffspaptr: ?or Iht promotion of the political, rial, Jjjrunttarat and Comm trriat jitfrHtJO]( lli<
i SISOLS COPT. PJTB COB,
ESTABLISHED 1855 YORK, 9. C. TUESDAY. DECEMBER' 34, 1918. " yO.'fOil
COTTON AND GAMBLERS
Review of Conditions As Affecting
Present Situation
?
rnnuff r>n ri n rrn rnmr inn rnuiltr
unuff m nttitu uunu aiiu iujiinu
With the Beginning of the War In
1914, the Farmers of the South Were
Made Victims of Big Business Manipulation,
and With the Coming of
Peace New Effort Is Made to Repeat
the Operation.
|Th? following wa.s prepared for the
ditorial columns of the last issue of
Tin Kni|tiir>-r; hut having been crowd.
i ! out of its proper place, is being
purit-i] tii'i* to avoid the possibility of
it^ In nig i niwiliil out again.]
It is not pleasant to criticize those in
autliont\. and due allowances must be ,
in nli- for tin selfishness of human na- g
lure, li is necissary, however, in a j
public government that the people
should be kept informed on public affairs
and that their servants should be (
le Id to strict accountability. t
The producers of this country have
checrfiill> !' sponded to every call up- (
in their patriotism; they have given
ti.oil viinnc nun to light on foreign ,
.soil they have bought Liberty bonds,
paid 11 :iv> income taxes ami support- j
-I the I: <! Cross arui Y. M. ('. A. with- |
out stint, but they will fiercely resent (
beinc ib priveil l?y gamblers of the just j
fruit-: of their toil. (
in I'M I eottoti was forced down to 6 t
e?hi ; pet pound umi was bought up by ,
middle men who sold it through gov- ,
t rnmeiit aid in Kurope at a profit of ,
about pep bale. The cotton pro- (
tlie i i.- lost about $400,000,000 on that ,
crop It seems to us and we believe
m that tiuie will show a gigantic conspir- ,
aey m New York and Liverpool to re- ,
l* at on a large scale the performance ,
?f i a 11. ,
It is evident now that the south is ,
going io frustrate its accomplishment,
but undoubtedly some of the insiders have
made a "killing." provided they (
i an get nut of the market and take
their piolits.
When the government report was
made in October, it showed that there
would be another short crop and cotton
prices at once went to 36 cents a (
pound in New York. The December ,
report not only confirms that made in
ui tot* !, but shows a further decrease)
of 11 vimio bales.
'ollon advanced to 36 cents a pound
in i uioIm r when war was in proy.css (
.111 I no one thought it would be over .
before y?-t when the October re- (
port was more than confirmed cotton ]
went down around 32 cents.
What is the explanation of these
facts? After the October rejKirtthere .
was a hue and cry to fix the price of
cotton. This checked a further ad- '
vance or within a week after the Octo- j
- \ ?her report cotiou would have >egn 40 i
' TTH'iiWPt ti.irkndow ~
3t cents and as prices were fairly satisfaetory
planters h.-can yo sell. .Man- j
llfactllrcd K?ods Were sellinu on a basis j
of $1 p. r pound for raw cotton and
Hie coveriinn lit was uniim toil con-'
traits on the hasis ol .'<< cents per
polliol.
It .lid not suit these speculators l"<>i '
the trovcrnnicut to ii\ the pric- of ?*oi- .
ton for that would l?a\e |.r?-\ ciit.-d (
llllctiiatioii. The average cost of pro-I
ductiou. owimr i<> a partial failure ol j
tile crops III the West, Was al.oiit ,'i.i j
cents per pound, this, m i oiineetioii j.
with ilo- hiuli pric- of inaiiufacturcd .
iroods would have forced tln-ni to lis
tin- price not under in cents.
il.-rc is what happened: Tin chairman
of the war industries hoard was a (
Wall Street In-oker nano d Munich. II. (
llrsl achieved national prominence by |
a lame contribution to a I?einoeratic
campaign fund and we in \t hear of .
him limirim? in ? t>tiw itli a sloi-k j '
liiinif oausi-il by a Irak in tha* prt-siala-lil's
mi ssaira-. It was i-asy f?ir well >
|Hi?t<il in?iala-r*> to Mil all tin' ontton! ,
llia-y uiuitwl a it hi nil ax-nt*. a |M?iuial.j
tlu'ii all Ili<-\ lia?l to <lo was to fix-alt* a
t
pallia- and kiits-k priavs down and liny
tln-ir ?*?>(Ion in. There is soiiii tliiuu (
al>solut<-l> brutal in sii<-li nnthaids. It
rt-<|iiitx-s no spa-anal brains 'lilt* na-axhxl
rx-i|iiisiti*> art- oflitial |M>wa-r and a txnist-ii-iux
without M-rnpIt*.
Iak?* a tliundi-rbolt from a t-l-. ar ska
<-atn?* tin- aiimntnronirnt from tin- war
imlustrias board that th?-y inu-ndi-tl to ^
lix tin- prior of fotton. This starti-al .
tin- ball to ladling a|a?w ti bill ami a fa-w j
days latt-r an alla-in-al inta-rvia-w with
Soi-raiai> Iloiisti'ii statt-ai that 25 t-t-nts
a pound was all that a-otton was worth.
This a-tunph ta-al tlu* alisasta-i. ami trnt ?
until tlu- war imlustrios board wa-nt
out of busim ss has aiitboalx had t-onlia
alt-nco in a-ottaui.
W'a- havo stati ?l tl?t- f.u-ts as nt-ar as
wo t -ti and our rt-aah-rs a-att draw tha-ir
own a auiaiusiams.
I.a'a'k at tho iiiarkt-t situation tanlay. j
laiva l'pool should only bo two a'ollts pa r ,
pouml a with normal a-xport traab-l (
abova- Xa-w York It was t-ontlali-ntly ,
a-Xpaata-al that l.ivrtpool Would fonta- ^
alow ti in prit-a* ta? nit-a-t rraluct-al freight ,
anal insuraiu o. Instoad a?f that Livor- ,
pool has aaivana-a-ab Tin- ra?tta-n ma th- (
oils aaf tht* Xa-w York t-xt-hanut- have
oausoal tha- faartnation of a new one ?
calleal tho Ameria-an exehantte. t>n tha- (
Xa-W Yaaik rxrhanyr tatalav July a-adtoll |
is a|Ua>ta-al at 24.TtJ. whilt- on tita- Anierlean
t-xrhanicr it is t|Uota*al at 21*.20. ,
I.ivorpa?a>l is absairbmy a-ottaui at i.' j
Will.- ! ? " ,... -- -- - ,
New York. Kven allowing a difference
of srvi'ii cents per pound. Liverpool is
taking our cotton at S5 cents a pound. ,
The New Orleans market has always j
been below the New York market, and ^
yet it is 7"i points now above New
York. an?l the southern spot markets ,
have never followed the decline. The ,
rates of freight are now less than $3
per hundred, against $1."> when war j
was in progress. The rates of insurance
ran as high as ten per cent, and ;
now they are less than one per cent.
We think that had cotton been allow- (
ed to take its normal course and peace
found it at forty cents in New ,
York, that Liverpool would have come
down to "its normal relation with the
New York market. The fact that it is ,
not shows that those in the legitimate |
trade know that there is something t
"rotten in Denmark*" The cotton intercets
in Europe are going into the ,
market now and they intend to accumulate
stocks regardless of what gamblers
think of it. This all goes to show ]
that the cotton interests in the south i
t
need oranlzation. They need men who
are posted in finance to protect their
interest. South Carolina, under the
leadership of John L. McLaurin made
a start in the rijtht direction and no
doubt the educational work done here
ha* had a tremendous effect in holding
cotton off the market and breaking up
a icmnabiers' jNiradi.se.
Those shorts who were not on the
Inside of the deal, are in the market
and will be called on to deliver the
actual cotton or pay a heavy premium
to get out. Those on the inside sold
them the cotton and leave them the
Kc> v,,,M Thp riiililir would like to
know who the "insiders" were. Their
names would be Interesting reading.
MEANING OF BOLSHEVISM.
Here Is a Summary of the Different
Socialistic Doctrines.
Despite countless explanations, hostile
and friendly, many Americans
still confess their inability to comprehend
the phenomenon of Bolshevism.
Numerous readers of the Daily
News have written to ask what, essentially,
is a Bolshevik?in ltussia, Germany
or elsewhere.
Whatever the original or technical
[lellnition of the term may have been,
Bolshevism signifies today the following
set of doctrines:
First Socialism as taught by Marx
in his "Capital" and "Communist Manifesto"
is proclaimed the sovereign
ure for all social and economic ills.
Hence, a socialist republic should be
established at once, advantage being
taken of the historic opportunity crouted
by the collapse of the European
autocracies and military castes. -Nan,milium
i? fn li?. snoerseiled hv so
called internationalism, the fraternaliKation
of the proletariat of all nations.
Second. Marxian socialism prescribes
seizure and nationalization of all private
capital?all the means of production.
Lund, mines, factories, stores,
warehouses, shipping, public utilities, J
therefore, are to be taken over by the
socialist state without compensation.
Vot that socialism excludes theldea of
compensation: for under certain conditions
even Marxians aro willing: to
pay for jirivate property in order to
escape violence and disorder. But at J
u time of upheaval and revolution, the
Bolshevist leaders contend, compensation
is unnecessary and sentimental,
l'hey scorn "bourgeois morality."
Third. If the troops and middle
classes offer resistance to expropriation
or to the Socialistic republic, Bolshevists
hold, they are to be treated as
counter revolutionists, enemies of the
new social order. They are therefore
entitled to no consideration. They
must submit unconditionally or they
perish. Revolutionary leaders have no
right to display weakness and sentimentality.
Terror is held to be as
iustlflable against recalcitrant capitalists
and the bourgeoisie as against
tyrannical czars.
l 4KheJfe<~-\"?or*7>e ~WK.V <l
bourgeoisie and aristocrats resist
heeiTortsof Socialist lenders to vstabish
their Marxian republic, for tin
iine being and for an iinleliniU p< riod
o collie till V must In* excluded 1'rolli
niwi'i* :uiil disfranchised. The tralisiioli
from tin present in-ill r to tin* in*\\
illist In* mildcd .1 n I < lT?*i-t? *1 solely l?.v
In* proletariat in r?*:?lity. of eotirse.
i> .1 f. w masterful .iiiil ;iinfant lion.
iVorki is who |i|-nfi*s.- to i*i |ii*i*si lit tin
*roletartat ami no nii*r?* hotirmois or
iristocrat must In* suffered to 1?:i\ * a
loin* in Movernnieut or h-Kislation dttrn?
tin* inliri* critical pi riod of r?adiustm?
tit. In short, tlii* dictatorship of
In* proli tariiit must supers) 1?* tin* ?!ii atorslii)i
of tlii- autocrat or tin* lnilitay
despot. i i|i|iositioii to miiIi a |ito|i*.
.a nan ilii taiorshi|i is | 1111is11a lilt* as
reason to tin* Socialist republic. Soiinitin*
ill the ilistant future tlleeXpro riateil
liotirtteoisic may In* readmitted
nto the social union.
The foreuotnu points sum up Itolihevism.
The sentimentalists who
ipolouize for the I.* nine ami lJchviieclits
b\ pleioliiiT that alt**r all. they
ire idealists ami noble dreamers, foror
do not care to know, that 11? >
hi also ruthless advocates of "mass
error" and snercj|i*ss suppression of
ill civil and political rights, tlx* rights
f free speech altd five assembly not
xecpted. and that tliev repudiate ami
ibhor i;etiliim I) deiiloeratie and free
tovcrunient.
Witt has I .en i tie be< n able to in rem
it himself in power while teachmm
sin It doc!rims as these? Itcesitisc
ie has fid the land huniri r of tin* pea
.(Ills. will) iiri" in III** mnniiviaiiiiin
ii;ij??rity. They haw soiznl and partin!
oil I the ureat estates of Russia.
I'hey know nothing ahout .Marxian m> lalistn.
toil they uphold Leiiine In a
use they intend to keep tho lain!
\hieh I.enine permits them to liolil.?
'liieago Daily News.
Made Them Beg for It. I^tinlon is
aiiithitig over a story that has just
eaehed there regarding Marshal
'ikIi's ift.plion ot tlio Dei man white
lag party. At . tailing to this aeeount.
\hen the delegates aiii\. .l tin y anlomii'i
>1 they hail eonte to discuss
tinis of an armistiee that tin- assoiatoil
govt-rnnioiits propos.il.
Koch regarding them with a I dank
it at v. "Artnistiff? I know nothing
?t' a proposed armistice." he is said to
iave declared.
The ih U rates appeared dnnifonnd tl.
They explained that Cermany
iad accepted President Wilson's t'onreen
lmints. and they nnderstonil that
in armistice had heen arranged.
"We are not proposing an armisici."
replied the l-'reiielt commandern-ehii
f. "I don't krow what yon are
alking about."
"lint we have come to obtain an
irinistice." the spokesman of the German
party protested.
"Oh." said Koch. "you have come to
u'c for an armistice."
"Writ," the Gorman hesitated, "I
suppose you miclit put it that way."
The official record is said to conain
this lino:
"Tho Gorman delegates then hotrtrod
or an armistice."
Joseph II. Eastman of Massachusetts.
has been appointed a mom er
of tho International commerce
commission, succeeding* George \V.
Vndcrson. recently appointed a Federal
circuit judge.
Tho Germans have returned to
Vance twenty cases of religious ornanents,
etc., taken from Rheims.
/ -
TRAIL OF THE THIRTIETH
Returned Officer Tells of Famous
Flnhtlnn Mvkinn *
' SU,,"S (
THE BEST SOLDIERS IN THE WORLD ,
t <
Nothing Could Stand Before the f
Splendid Boy??Obeyed Their Officers
Except In Holding Back?When
It Was Fighting to Be Done, That '
Was Their Business.
The following Is from a recent issue c
of the Greenville News: t
The first personal narrative of the c
heroic work of the Thirtieth Division t
in France and Belgium was brought to t
Greenville yesterday by Captain Kobt. r
E. Craig of Hartsville, commander of r
Company L, llsth Infantry, who is a
here for a short time while en route to t
the base hospital at Biltmore, N'. C.
Captain Craig landed at Newport r
News, on November 17 and is suffering i
from bronchial asthma which he con- s
traded while in the trenches. t
Captain Craig told last night of the c
wonderful work the Old Hickory divi- p
sion did in the great war and express- \
ed the regret that he was not able to
be with them at that memorable date d
when they completely shattered the f
supposedly impregnable Hindenburg v
line. "You have never seen such eour- n
age, such absolute loyalty as these
men displayed and they have accom- s
plished a feat that generations will b
herald." He said, "When they come d
? .v. ,..fnr
Jiuiut: invy aic viutuvu iv w.. wst, .v. t
they are none other than our saviors." t:
The Thirtieth Division upon landing t
in Flanders was iirst billeted at Mont
Keinmel. said Captain Craig. This !
sector had seen some of the bitterest h
lighting of the war during the tlrst two tl
years and was nothing more than a a
heap of desolation. "I could not in my v
imagination have painted anything 1
half so wretched." he said. At the k
time the Thirtieth arrived the Ilritish p
were daily expecting heavy attack by g
the Germans and the sight of the stal- e
wart Americans as their support al- o
most made them crazy with joy. The
division remained at this base for g
some time and when the attack never h
came they were moved up nearer the a
front. It was indeed a difficult task to h
hold the Americans back, said the cap- s
tain, as they could not understand why tl
they should not go right in and light n
as soon as they got within reach of the
lines. c
Captain Craig said that his battalion tl
was the llrst unit of the Thirtieth Division
to enter the trenches, which was
some time in the latter days of Juno, r
The division was tlrst under shell fire t
on Independence Day, July 4, and the v
Thirtieth gave the Bochcs a run for f
their money. As soon as the men were v
in the trenches they began to take a v
great delight Jn plciapg off, the snj,mnly
although (he British cautioned them ci
that their four years of experience had r;
proved such to he had practice. However.
the old Hickory hoys were out to o
light and tile very iirst day his own fi
men killed two enemy snipers, he said- o
on July just a month after his K
" ntratieo into the trenches. Captain c<
Craig coinraeted a malady which was tl
thought to-he tile trench fever. I'hy- h
sa ians later contended, however, that u
In- must have been gassed in some way <|
as in- contracted bronchial asthma. He o
...... ... ......i...i fV,?? hi< r-otntiniiv and e]
sent to the American base hospital in
j France, preferring it to Blighty. Here k
lie remained until November, when he ri
was sent to the I'liitcd States. e<
Captain Craig paiil a very high trib- a
ute to the courage and bravery of the ci
enlisted men. "When the histories of o
this war are written the honor for victory
should be given to the privates
and corporals and sergeants," he said. ^
They are the men that have done the
lighting. They are the bravest set of
bo>.? in tin- world and every person in ^
the 1'nitcd States should honor them.
\l
They are ahsolntely wonderful. I never
saw a "yellow" man in the Thirtieth ^
I>ivision. 1 never saw a man in the
w
i'Id lliekory wail when he was wound- v
ed. I have seen them shot through
0!
the limbs, hold their wounds and ask j,
their comrades for cigarettes. You
cannot heal men who light like that. .
is
1 would be willing to wager that for
cverv casualty in our division there
O!
were live in the enemy's.
As a citation of the way the enlisted ...
men fought. Captain Craig told of the
heroic act of Scrgt. tlardner. a big.
broad-shouldered man in his company ()
of w hom he was justly proud. During
an attack early one morning Sergeant
(iardner was leading his platoon just ^
l>ehind the creeping barrage tire when
suddenly they ran upon machine gun
interference from the Germans. The
n
machine mm was scarcely twenty feet
away and could have wiped out the w
platoon in a seconds- Instantly ^
Sergeant Gardner recognized the peril ^
and with the steadiness of a veteran'
drew his automatic revolver and in
four clean shots annihilated the ntachine
gun crew. Such acts as these j
were numerous, said the captain, and
account for the wonderful success of
the division.
Speaking of the German machinegun
tire. Captain Craig said that the ^
men of the Thirtieth absolutely refus- ^
ed to take a Boche machine gunner
prisoner. The operators of those death (
dentine devices were never given the
SI
least bit of mercy, he stated. For that
reason the German commanders se- ^
lei ted their bravest men for machine
guns and they were great fighters.
"Any impression that the Germans are ^
cowards would vanish if one could
have seen the way, in which they held
to their posts, realizing that there was ^
absolutely no hope for their lives. ^
Captain Craig was in the hospital at
the time of the big drive when the
Thirtieth Division penetrated the Htn- ,
denburg line and established its name ^
as one of the greatest fighting units in
France. He had opportunity, however,
to talk with some or the oincers wno
were engaged In the tight and told of
many interesting details of it. The boys ^
took the Germans by storm, he said,
and nothing on earth could have stop- ^
ped them. But the tine aid given by
the British artillery was indispensable
to their success, and cleared the way
for them to a certain extent. The
British dominated the enemy in big
guns and their barrage was nothing
less than a sheet of steel. It was in- is
credible to believe that even the small- t<
L'St insect would live in that lire, the I
said, and yet men lived through it.
liave heard German prisoners say taat
:he British barrage was hell," he a*n;>hasized,
"and I have seen them Tun
'or their dear lives when the barrgxe
.vas concentrated upon them."
Captain Craig said that his companyvent
into battle with 236 men and
?me out with 56 of its original personnel.
*
SERVANTS OF HUMANITY.
'resident Wilson Has the Right Conception
of the Peace Conference."
"I am confident that the big couneil
if statesmen of the world will be aole
o reach a Just and reasonable solution
if the problems that will be presented
o them and thus earn the gratitude of
u?. mnot nritiral and
leceasary service which has ever been
endered it," said President Wilson inin
interview last Friday, referring go
he approaching peace conference- i
The interview was given to the corespondent
of the London Times. Tn
t the president is reported to holfce
tated his views on the discussion flt
he freedom of the seas and to hl.TO
ontrusted the evils of the Vienna com?
;ress with a hopeful outlook for t&
"ersailles congress. f
Lord Xorthcliffe, editor of the Lon>on
Times, has given the Associated
ress a copy of the interview, from
. hich the following extracts have befn
inde: t
The congress of Vienna, the con?pondent
spys President Wilson top
iim, was a congress of "bosses." T?s
elegates were concerned more wifri
heir own interests and the class|ft
hey represented than the wishes
heir peoples.
"Versailles, as President Wilson
said." the interviewer continues, "mug
e a meeting place of the servants ft
he peoples represented by delegate*
nd headed, 'there is no master mipfl
.ho can settle the problems of toda>.
( there is anybody who thinks M
nows what is in the mind of all po*.
les, that man is a fool. We have afl
ot to put our heads together and pofi
verything we have got for the benelg
I I flU IUUili9 W HK'II li 1 C VUlliiliVli w uiy ^
Asked whether he would visit tbp (
l-and fleet, President Wilson said th?tL
e was afraid he would not have tinif, {
dding that he fully realized that b? (
ind the great armies there was tt&
trong. silent and watchful support v^f (
he British navy in securing the con^ j
lunication of the Allies.
"He referred also to the very hapi^ (
omradeship and co-operation betweep"
he British and American navies." > j
The correspondent then adds:
"President Wilson, in discussing tlib
ole of the British fleet in the mnirt
enance of what, at any rate during tria j
,-ar, had been the freedom of the seas
or the free people of the world, spokn ^
.*ith a sincerity which no amount qjf f
writing can convey. His accents cojt> <
jprefl an* IwJ'Pvar t?- Jfco
eney and honesty of the Anglo-Saxon f
we. He said:
" It is essential for the future peace
f the world that there should be the
ankest co-operation and most gener- ^
us understanding between the two j
ngllsh-speaking democracies. We
[ mprehend and appreciate, I believe,
le grave problems which the war has .
rought to the British people and fully j
ndorstund the special international (
uestions which arise from the fact
s
f your peculiar position as an island f
inpire." ^
The correspondent declared that he
ft the president "with tlie assurance
inging in my ears that he desired to (
a-oporato with the British and with (
11 the Allies in securing with their (
itunsel a new state of affairs throughlit
the world." j(
HEROIC NEGRO COMPANY,
1
ieutenant Tells What He and Hie n
Men Went Through. c
The letter given below was written s
y Harry X. Shelton, a Columbia negro 1
bo is a lieutenant in Company C, f
hree Hundred and Seventeenth In- (
intry. He is the son of X. S. Shelton, c
ho for 24 years was in the mail ser- f
ice and who resigned voluntarily sev- 0
nil years ago on account of his health o
Recently N*. S. Shelton has been doing 1'
irpenter work at ('amp Jackson. He f
i one of the most respectable negro 1:
ion of Columbia and is well thought li
f by all who know him. n
The letter follows: d
My Dear Mother: n
"By this letter you will know that
oil has answered your prayers and li
titt I am spared thus far. t
"It is only through the goodness of
ie Lord that I am here, for I have
eon through the test of steel and fire.
"Our last drive was of such that will ^
icr live in the minds of the Frenchion.
"Our regiment has been brigaded 0
ith the French and wo were in the r
ist drive and stayed on the 'square 11
eads'' heel until we knocked them 1
ver the border. a
"My company, single handed, cap- a
ired one town and a battery of artil- c
ry with several machine guns and *
rnmunition: also drove the Boches 18 v
ilometers all in one day. r
"Of course with the French we took 8
>veral towns and liberated people who 11
ad been prisoners for more than four
ears. a
"It was pitiful to see the people 1
anting out to meet us crying and *
nging the praises of the American
ildiers. It was a very cold morning 1
nd they served us hot coffee. 8
"Our splendid work (my company) 1
as been confirmed and we have been
ecorated for same. v
"But we were constantly under the 1
eaviest shell and machine gun fire 1
hat soldiers ever went through, but *
lod took good care of us- g
"And I want you to thank the pastor
nd members of Lad son Presbyterian
hurch tor their prayers, and tell them
hat they were answered. Also that
hey must continue to pray for me.
"I will be home to see them soon.
"I have been in front line and the
rcods for the last 123 days and I am
icky to get a letter to you.
' So at all times you must accept the
iil for the deed.
"And when you don't get a letter
rom me you must not worry.
"I haven't received a word from my
lsurance yet."?Columbia State.
Twenty thousand demobilized Italin
soldiers are desirous of returning
> the United States.
- I
THE POTASH MONOPOLY.
Goes From Germany With the Prov- <
ince of Alsace-Lorraine. J
The cotton farmers of the south
will rejoice over the loss to German?
of the world monopoly of potash.
They have felt the dire need of this
fertilized ingredient since the out- (
break of the war in 191-i,. says a
Washington dispatch.
Dr. Felix Dinner, the financial edl- (
tor of The Berliner Togeblatt, in discussing
the economic effect of the loas
of Alsace-Lorraine to Germany, points (
out that Alsace-Lorraine is. .t>ot only ^
one of the most highly -tfeveloped
manufacturing parts of the empire, ,
but also, what is far more importMtL
one of the chief sources of raw ma
terials with which Germany is not any
too well supplied. .T 1
"The loss of raw material is findl
and Irreplaceable. The mere mention 1
Jf.ore, potash and petroleum Is suffl- 1
uient to indicate the significance of (
Alsace-Lorraine as regards raw ma- ?
terials.
"It is stated that as to petroleum, j
Alsace produced prior to the war 42
per cent of the total amount of 120,- *
)00 tons of crude oil produced In Germany,
and while the yield has In- J
n-eased somewhat lately, it is still of
dlght importance as compared with 1
:he total German consumption of pe- j
:roleum. The potash deposits are of
'ar greater Importance, both from an ?
economic and politico-economic standjoint.
It 1s true that the potash deposits
in the other parts of Germany r
ire more than sufficient for domestic ^
onsumption and export. But the loss \
>f the Alsatian deposits (about 10 *
nines belonging mostly to the German
potash syndicate) will deprive '
Jermany of the world, monopoly
vhlch it has heretofore enjoyed and
ake away from it one of the 'few
weapons of economic defense. While
he statement in the Allied press to
he effect that the Alsatian deposits
trill be sufficient to provide potash (
or all countries outside of Germany
nay be exaggerated, the fact remains a
hat the loss of these deposits. Is of ^
'Xtreme importance. The potash
npnopoly, the writer asserts, enabled r
> a Anlw 4a ftv thn np(f>na fnr ^
JU1 II1U.I1J IIUI .....
'oreign markets above those for doneatic
consumption, but also to offer 1
kO Important product in exehang for 1
w materials produced by coilntrles I1
lependlng on .German potash. The *
oss of the Alsatian deposits will'
herefor? put an end to the independ- s
;nt export policy of Germany as re- *
rards potash and will force It either ^
o cut prices or .enter Into an Agree- ?
nent with the new owners of the *
Vlsatian deposits.
"The most severe blow will be the E
oss of the iron ore deposits. It is r
t&fe to state that without tk^acqutsiion
of the Lorraine iron orf .deposits 6
Iry 1871 the astonishing development J
ew million tons the German iron nntfteel
production increased within the t(
wo decades preceding the outbreak of 11
rnr to 19,000,h00 tons, far outdistanc- w
ng the British production and being ''
O.OOO.OOO tons behind the American ''
iroduction. The importance of the Lor- ,a
nine deposits is not indicated Ijy the
ron and steel production of Alsace- ?
gtrruinc (2.2S6.354 tons in 1913), but ''
>y the fact that the entire iron and ,J
teel industry of the western part of "
Sermany, particularly in the Ithenish "
Vestphalia and Soar districts, de- n
icndcd to a large extent on Lorraine
nincttc. The Lorraine and Ltixcmmrg
mines (the Luxemburg mining "
ndustry being closely connected with "
hat of Lorraine and the separation 1
f lxjrialne will probably mean tin- "
oss of Luxemburg as a member of the
f.
icrinan Custom union) supplied in
913, 2S.500.000 tons of Iron ore out of "
i total of 35.000.000 tons for the whole a
if Germany, or 77 per cent on the ba- ^
is of metallic content. The loss of ?
xrraine would, therefore, mean that ''
or a large part of its iron ore needs *'
I j
U'rmany would dt-pond on foreign
~ i ?_.j I)
ountries, while in laia u lmjior.eu
oreign ore to the extent of about 14,- "
00,000 tons, with the metallic content "
if 7,700,000 tons. It is true that flernany
will still be able to import ore il
rom Sweden. Spain, Russia, and. |>er- s
laps, even from Krnnce, but the raw '
naterinl basis of its industry will be a
[arrowed to such an extent as to en- "
langcr is malnteance and further K
levclopment." *
Experts here think it will not be a
ong until cotton growers can have all 1
he jKitash they need.
HAIG AND THE WRITERS. t"
Iritish General Appreciates Work of ^
the Press.
Field Marshal Halg came to Colgne
Monday morning writes a cor- {
espondent of the Associated Press to
aake his initial tour of Inspection of (
he territory occupied by the British ^
Jong the Rhine. Immediately on his
rrival tho British commander in ^
hief proceeded across the famous
iohenzollern bridge for .a meeung
rith more than a score of war corespondents
representing all the
:reat newspapers of the Allied and ^
leutral countries.
The occasion was in the nature of
i farewell to the writers, who have t
>een accredited to British general
leadquarters and who finished their
abors when the British completed ^
heir occupation of the territory asigned
to- them under the armistice.
c
n a brief address the field marshal ^
xpressed the deepest thanks for the
cork done by the press in presenting ^
he truth of the war to the world and ^
he hope that the correspondents n
lenceforth would devote their ener- Q
:ies in advocating everlasting peace.
. No Swell Heads.
"Do not let us get swell heads over _
.... ... r
? ? ruvraAns
Ilir Victory me samr aa uluci
lid after 1870," said the field marshal. v
"I wish to thank you," said General
Idig, "for the gTeat services which g
ou have rendered during this war, s
vhich indeed has been the greatest
var in history. I know that you have
iisplayed untiring energy and con- g
empt for danger in following the a
he troops in all their offensive act- r
ions. I know ycru have done your ut- ^
nost to give accurate and complete a
n formation to the public through the v
rreat journals which you represent
t Is Impossible to do more than you
rentlemen have done. I
"You of the British press from the i
beginning: of, the struggle liave carried
out your work with complete success.
Your dispatches have helped to
give hope and courage to our families |.
at home and to enlighten the public '
as to the magnitude of Great Britain's
effort In the great cause of freedom.
The Allied press representatives
have cemented the bonds of union be- g
tween our Allies and ourselves by
spreading the truth in their respective
countries by presenting our efforts in 1
their true perspective.
Thinks of Basset.
"At this moment of triumphal victory
your fallen comrade Mr. George,
Basset Is in my thought.
"The correspondents of the United
States have by their accounts of the f<
steady devotion and courage of the b
British soldiers tended to bring about S
i better attitude in America towards ei
the British, thc> have had a large al
share in producing the mutual esteem k
vhich now exists between the two ti
rountrles. May this feeling develop ti
ind long continue. s<
"I have also to thank those repre- a
sentatlves of the neutral press who oi
lave left the security of their homes 01
md who out of love for justice and oi
air play, have borne testimony to vl
vhat they have seen on the British oi
ront. In no previous war have the u'elations
between the army and the sc
tress been so entirely satisfactory. o>
Jcrhaps that is one reason why we bi
ire at this moment s'anding on one t
>ridgc over the Rhine. si
"I hope henceforth that your efforts ti
nay tend toward universal peace, universal
good will ajid closer union be- ci
ween the peoples represented by the or
loble soldiers whose deeds on these
(attleflelds you so ably have chron- m
cled." tii
1 ' fu
WHERE GUNS ARE TESTED. pi
th
)rdnance Department Leaves Noth- [
ing to Chance. 0f
On the greatest ordnance-testing re- ol
ervation in the world,, which is at vt
ibcrdoen, Md., every shell that goes 8|,
.cross is fired at least five times; |jf
very shipment of shells or bombs is ^
horoughlV tested, and every hand gre-'
inde is put through its paces to see
vhat it will do to the enemy. jn
Ail day the guns, big and little,
+Y\aIw ooit-nfl of*rnM f!hnsa
>eak? Bay. Big airplanes soar over- ar
lead and drop bombs which tear great cc
raters In which was once peaceful se
arm lands. Trench mortars of all
lzea'and. varieties hurl their whizzing ^
irojectlles over the landscape. Gas m
uojectsrs discharge what seems SJ.
be 'large tin cans Into the air? ju
. asless here, but, loaded with deadly m
ume? "over there." And the din Is a
tfbr* than the naked car of the lay- lfl
nan* can stand. ~ k(
"Wie m<y?t thrilling experience of the w
liy wA the ^alrplanb raid on -the tl(
?mJbj0fi^nr" fldA^ Them was ^
y>n? T&mb \m
find gave the specta- {a
Drs u n.,.. f^fire. Krorn this tower. wj
early 100 feet high, stretches north- ,h
rard for several miles a broad, flat .
xpanse of meadow, land torn up by ^
omb craters. Coming up from the o|,
viation field, thirteen miles south, at ;|]|
n altitude of 3,000 feet, a squadron c<
f three Curtiss planes, each carryig
throe 100-pound high explosives fe.
oinbs, flew, one by one, over the |n(
rtver. Almost while they were over j);|
. they released their bombs, the mo- an
lentum of the craft carrying them on
jrward onto the field. y
One could see the boinb from the
lotnent it drop|>ed from the plane jn
nlil it hit the ground, throwing a os
loud of sand and smoke fifty feet in (.r
he air with a terrific detonation.
The bombs penetrate thriv or four
el Into the ground and in a molent
a sheet of flame bursts into the (|.(
Ir and lilazes lor fifteen minutes. ()>|
Vh en one of these bom lis is dropped W(
n a German warehouse the owner s|j
oesn't have time to move out for the y((
xplosion of the bomb throws the m,
quid flames in all directions. The (j(i
ombs are loaded with a highly inamable
material of a secret compos- .
ion.
At the main proof battery stands _
n array of field guns of all calibres. to
iege guns ;und machine guns, naval ^
uns mounted on raiiway trucks, antiircraft
guns mounted in automobile
rucks and on permanent mounts, and
iant howitzers with their noses i?oint- an
ig out for twenty of thirty feet. Field |
rtillery carriages of all kinds used b> to
he army are also up for testing. ^e
Salvaging Army Shoes. ? Worn wi
hoes washed in' big steam-roller tubs an
he same as your collars are washed 'ol
aek home and punctured and badly 10
rounded rubber boots patched and :i
ulcanized by the methods the tire l>a
lan used in the garage?these are 1
ivo of the hurry-up ways in which Pa
he army salvage plant at Rlois, ,lr
'ranee. Is cutting time and labor in <lc
taking old shoes and boots into now.
No other shoe plant in the world
ashes shoes in a laundry machine, an
he salvage men say. Soaking hard- m<
nod shoes in oil vats Is another new al(
?ature. ,ni
In repairing rubber boots, big-scale or
perations have produced more novel tJ:i
lethods. For instance, there's the
rying of iioots after they have been tir
horoughly washed. The boots are tw
laced, soles down, over hollow tubes
ut of which rush contlnous blasts of m
ot air.
After all the torn parts have been ' S
ut away and the edges cleaned?per- t0
aps the whole heel and half of the in
ole must be taken off?the boot is
hoved on an iron last of exact size. 8U
Jxpert tire repair men then build up at
tew fabric in the holes, using strips m
f raw leather, and a molded heal if ^
ecessary. Then the boot is clamped
n ?. steam-frame and baked until the
na-fa a?*o o a Qnlift n q the old. th
Shoos that can't be repaired are not d<
fasted. French girls shrod their up- Al
>ers into leather shoe strings each ^
hoe making seven or more strings.? T
itars and Stripes. ^
it
Official figures, just made public, ei
ive the number of persons w?tnded w
nd killed in Paris during Grman air
aids and with the long range guns is
luring the four years frt ^e war, with f<
. total of 1,211. A tota of 396 bombs t)
re re dropped in the city limits ?<
w
King Victor Emanuel and Queen a
Sleanor and retinue of Italy, are visit- m
ng Paris. a
^ A
YEARNING FOR HOME
leo of the Army'Are Impafleil to
f Get Oat
E-ENL1STMENTS NOT VERY POPULAR
Remaining Soldier* at Sevier Awaiting
Their Turn at Discharge at Patiently
at They Can; But Taking
Put Little Interest In Military Work. I
By Jaxni'S D. Grist.
Camp Sexier, December. 20.?We
llows who didn't Ret to go across,
ut who foasht the Baltic of Camp
evier and battles in other camps and
entonmcnts on this side, are to billowed
to wear service stripes in town
nt oni- service. That ts. We are
> be allowed to wear thorn if we see
t. Personally 1 don't think i shall
e tit. Still, I am aware that 1 have
habit of changing my mind pretty
tin. According to war department
ders recently published in camp, all
titers and enlisted men whose serIce
was on this side are to be allowed
le stripe of silver braid worn on the
It sleeve for each six months of
Tvice. The fellows who served
rerseas are allowed one stri|>e ot'gold
aid for each six months of Service,
here are lots of us who think the
lver isn't nearly so pretty and atactive
as the gold.
Many of the fellows, though, in this
imp have already tacked the silver
i their sleeves and strut around camp
id around the streets over in the city
ke a big buck negro on Emancipate
day. In fact, local dry goods and
irnishlng houses have had an un ecedentod
demand for silver braid
lis week and have already sold out.
saw one lad yesterday who was out
luck in his quest for the silver ttn y.
So he sewed on his coat a reused
sergeant's chevron which coasts
of three stripes of flannel of a
fht color and he was walking down
le street and holding his left arm
timbo so as to show oft his service
ripes just like any of 'ejn. Tailors
the city and tailors out at camp
tve been making quite a piece of
lange by sewing the braid on coats
id a number of lads have actually
axed their best Greenville girls into
wing the braid on for them.
Mesa .sergeants of the various commies
in camp are now working on
enus for a most sumptuous Yuletide
read for those fellows whose hard
ck It will be to spend the Christastide
in camp. There will'be qqite
number of us?certainly more
ian 5,000 at a rough guess. The tur>y
ration on Thanksgiving day was
as more than a poundUper maa and
lere were oysters and pork ..c^ops
id chicken and steak and other
e mess sergeants with whom I have
Iked, that meal was a regular
th the feed they are going to give ,
eir respective organizations Christ is.
Details are now out hunting for
e holly and the mistletoe for derations
and the mess sergeants are
ready ordering the extras such as
lery and olives and fancy cakes,
ackers and nuts for the coming
ist. Still 1 heard a fellow say this
jrning that he'd a blame rather esit
m ami eggs at home than caviar
d trlmmins here, and I wasn't the
ly man who exclaimed kind of inluntarily
like?'Amen, buddy.'
The various welfare organizations
camp?that is. the "Y" the Hostit
House, the Jewish Welfare Workit,'
the Christian Scientists. Luthers,
Hostess House and Knights of
dumbus workers, are sticking it out
ito the entl and the remaining soli-rs
find entertainment at these cents
each evening just as they were
>n't to do when there was not the
ghtt'St sign of pence u|>on the horin.
The various workers are not as
my in numlier as they were before
mobilization of the troops was bein.
because as the number of men
s diminished, necessity for their
rviees having been diminished. The
ajoritj of thein appear to be as glad
get their discharge as do the teg
iiriy I'llltmru UK II. VVI luumi. .......
e ;i few that will hold on as long as
issible lor the sake of the job.
I have made that statement before
id 1 know hundreds of other men
tio have made similar statements,
the effect that they wouldn't have
en out of this man's army while the
ir was on for anything In the world
id that they wouldn't stay in it any
nger than possible in time of peace
r any consideration. Well, 1 saw
company of more than 300 men
,ck up their statement yesterday,
ider a recent ruling of the war dertment,
any soldier whether he he
aftee or regularly enlisted man who
sires to re-enlist may have the
ivilcge of entering any branch of
e sendee he might see fit to go into
d in addition to that be given u
onth's furlough and a month's pay
ong with it. I heard a first sergeant
ike that announcement to the 3o0
more men in his company yestery.
How many do you think re-enited?
Just one. He was an old
ner who has already seen more than
enty years' service in the army,
is hair is getting gray and furtherore
he is one of those fellows who
isn't the energy or the pluck or the
:uts," or whatever you might want
call it to take a chance at getting
to something better. He knows that
he does a couple'of more hitches or
ich a matter, Sam will pension him
something like fifty or sixty a
onth. He requested transfer to Fort
cDowell out in California where, as
; put it, "I can lay out in the sunine
all the time." Don't you think
at the Incident was plenty of evi>nce
of the fact that the average
merican doesn't regard the army as
\y place for him in peace times?
he four million or so who let every
ling go to the dickens and went into
when their country called is plenty
idence that it is their place in the
ar times.
Somehow the breaking up of camp
i like unto seeing a division depart
>r services overseas, an experience
lat I have twice had since I started
>ldiering at Camp Sevier. When one
orks and eats and sleeps and plays
rith fellows for a term of weeks or
onth no matter who they are or from
'hence they came, he naturally be
comes more or less attached to the
most of them at least and as his
friends and acquaintances get th? u
discharges one by one and t.oke their
departure for home?this one in New
York, that one in Maine, this fellow to
California and Hill Sintthcrs to Alaska
and another to Wyoming, etc.. why
it naturally causes him a little fcelnc.
of regret and sadness. Ho wonders
whore ho will see thorn again and tindor
what circumstances. Despite th-fact
that it's mostly a game of "root
hog or die. devil take the hindmost."
and all of that, some follows get awfully
(hick and chummy iu this army.
In the course of the twist Jwo or three
works 1 guess I have made memorandum
of the names and addrcss.s
of "mote than a hundred fellows,
I fiends and acquaintances of mine
from everywhere. Of course 1 ha\e
I promised everyone of them to drop in
on* 'em some time in future yenrs.
And every Moomiit' one of them made
me the same (loiwtee. WU1 we."
Maybe?hut hardly!
, DOGS OF THE ARMY.
Soldier Boys Insist on Having Their
Pets.
Hatred against the I ratal Huns did
not destroy tho otherwise affectionate
disposition ?>t our boys at tho
front. The) accumulated pits of all
kinds and when peace is actually here,
says Air. .Martin Green, in the New
York Evening World, there will be
the biggest landing of nondescript
elements in the animal, bird, and reptile
kingdom since Noah made port on
Mount Ararat.
Dogs uro the favorite, however.
Canim s of eyery dcscribable breed
were picked up b> the soldiers in d?
vuslated territory evacuated by the
Germans and civic population. Found
under such circumstances, Mr. Grc< n
observes, dogs are very grateful and
affectionate to the meft who rescue
and adopt tlutn. And they soon accommodated
themselves to tho tnov. incuts
and vicissitudes of their new
masters. They might lie around and
enjoy themselves when the sun shone,
or cuddle up on blankets and snooze
when It was raining. Hat there was
a L'li-ni difference when the order
came to move, and he thus describes
It:
The dogs know as soon as th?> m< n
tliiit action Is coming, and the chorus
of yelps and barks that goes up is distracting
to persons not familiar with
militury l'fo in the Held. If an infafttry
unit is moving the dogs of the doughboys
tramp along with them as long as
they are afoot. When a dog gets tired
he is carried or put on a truck or supply-wagon.
How the dogs manage to
tlnd their niast< rs after hours n* ?
sometimes days of separation
of the woMrfXTll VJife^'
diera say that tti,-,-^*
inent is a lar?. body of men: but the
men got to know the dogs in a general
way, and besides most of tindogs
wear identification tags, just
like those worn by tin- men, suspended
around their n< eks l>> the regulation
tape, iCut unmarked dogs onlost
and found regularly, and it is tinmore
remarkable because in our cleanshaven
army all soldiers look pretty
much alike.
Hurried movement, espeeially at
night, rouse the dog pets of thearm>
to a frenzy of exeiternent. I was
awakened from a sound sleep in a hotel
in Soissons one night last spring
by tin- barking of dogs. The chorus
was t? rrilleally clamorous. I went t<?
the window and saw. passing along
the narrow street l-'rem-h soldiers, in
motor-trucks, hurrying up to the Disc,
which tin- lit iinans were approacliing
in their Mtirch offensive.
The dogs made as much noise as
the rumbling ot wheels on tin- rough
stone iNivement and the sound of the
engines of the trucks. Xot a light
showed m the long earn van?which
passed through the eity all night, by
i.. ....... I.... ?.in i,f flu. itwliulinr-l
movinc mass i-iinn- the voices of the
soldiers' pots raised in unconscious,
but none the less sincere, tribute to
the rhiirm of the life of the soldiers.
The docs a re not allowed to bark,
thouch. when the v are close to the enemy,
or when a surprise attack is in preparation.
They apiK-ar to know the
necessity for silence wlien their masters
tell them to keep (|ll|et. Itften as
a measure of precaution they a re buried
away under a pile of blankets so
that even thouch they liark the sound
shall not be heard.
Of course there are many tlsrhts
umonc the pets, and creat talcs are
told of the prowess of certain docs,
and sometimes the owner of onetluhtitiC
doc will casually take his pet to
the vicinity of the camp of another
soldier who Is reputed to own a fieldine
doc. Winn the men co into action
the docs are left behind and many
a |s-t watches with anxiety in his eyes
for days and days for his soldier master
who (Kitted him on the head and
went away and did not return.
Grog.?A croc-shop is a low saloon
and ctot? in modern usage Is any kind
of stf-onc drink. The word originated
in the Hritish navy in a curious way
in 1740 or thereabouts. It sums that
Admiral Vernon ft bluff disciplinarian.
anxiouH about the health of his sailors.
when he was in West Indian waters
diluted their daily ration of
rum with water b? cause he thought
neat spirits were too strong for the
men in the tropics. The men grumbled
among themselves, .and whenever
the admiral appeared on deck they
would say. "Here comes old firog!"
referring to a raincoat of grograin
which he wore. He 1-echme
in the navy as "Old Graff." and thefl :
luted rum which he ?m-d
named for him. His grogram
was made of a course weave of
hair and silk, stiffened with R
shed the rain. The wortliOtt^^P^^P^^HMB
corruption
meaning coarse weave ^rQ^
The had
ington.
on hoard of one of hI
made his famous
Ca rtagen a i n H
is described
by Smollet^^Ha^^TO^|P^^B^M^^^W8|
admiral
his
he