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YORKVILLE ENQUIRER. ISSUED SEBIX-WEEHLY. L.-Ji, grist's sons, Pobiiihers. ( $ : <^or % grotnotion of th$ political, Social, Agricultural and Commercial -Interests of thf $eogl<. J ESTABLISHED 1855. YORKVILLE, 8. C., ti'RIDAY, FEBRUABY 7, 1913. IsTO. 11. { THE AMERIO I I By ETTA H I CHAPTER XX. The Next Morning. Tntn>>U_tl? ... ..j J. ... ,.j Aiu^auriiujr, up auu uuwii, up anu down his elegant room at a certain grand New York hotel. Count Stahl was pacing, on the morning after the Sardis ball. The hour was what the fashionable world calls early. Probably Ethel had not yet wakened from sleep, nor Mrs. Sardis shaken off the Influence of that tremendous drug with which she stupefied herself nightly? soothing her nerves by weakening them. The count's blonde face looked pale and worn. His slumbers had been of the lightest; evidently late festivities did not agree with him. A tray upon a table near at hand seemed to indicate that he had been trying the soothing influence of brandy and soda. His eyes were haggard and blood-shotten. Now and then he swore audibly in French as he paced back and forth over the deepplle carpet A stream of life was moving up and down the street without; and again and again the count stopped )in his feverish tramp to listen?not to passers-by, but for an approaching footstep in the passage outside his door. He was waiting for a visitor?waiting with a feverish impatience very unusu- , al in a man of Count Otto's cool, phleg- , matic temperament Suddenly a rap echoed on the door. , The count started, paused. "Enter!" he called. Dark, smiling, shining from top to toe in faultless attire, and calm as a ' May morning, Baron Strozzi stepped into the apartment. "Monsieur le comte, I wish you a very ' good morning," he said in fluent ! French, and doffing his hat with a low , bow. "You bade me come to you, and ; I am here?such is the force of habit. Ma fol! I even arose an hour before my ' usual time, that I might not keep you waiting. Monsieur, you are pale?I fear 1 you danced too much at the ball last : night" If looks could kill, Baron Strozzi | would have fallen llfeles then and there 1 under the Are of the count's furious eyes. "Scoundrel! you have forgotten none of your old impudence!" "I trust not monsieur," answered the baron, smiling; "it has served me so many good turns in life that I should be extremely sorry to part with it" "In Heaven's name," demanded the count sternly, "how is it that I find you masquerading in this new land, and in the highest circles of society, in the character of a Roman baron??you, whose father kept a wine-shop in the Faubourg St. Antolne?" ' The baron waved his gloved hand v airily. "As some English writer says, 'What's in a name,' monsieur? I am a man of nerve and courage. When I have an object to gain I stop for nothing. He who ' hesitates is lost. I never hesitate. The name of Strozzi charmed me; the title of baron stirred my profound admira- ; tion. I determined to make them my own. X did so?with what success you can judge for yourself?you, who saw me moving among the elite last night. Pardieu! our unexpected meeting was as great a shock to me as to monsieur le comte. True, I had heard that the fair daughter of the house was engaged to a Count Stahl, picked up somewhere abroad; but my heart said to me, "No it cannot be the noble aristocrat whose k humble slave I once was; he is still in retirement, mourning the loss of his beautiful, his adored countess." The count gave his visitor a strange look. His face was as white as chalk. Strozzi flung himself into an easychair, and began to draw off his elegant gloves. "Pardon," he said, politely, "but to sustain a conversation in standing posture is somewhat wearisome. We are no longer master and servant, count and valet, but simply two gentlemen met to talk over private affairs for mu lum eiiiiguieiiiuciii wiu auiaiuaic, With his back against the door, Count Stahl transfixed the other with the blue eyes from which all languor had now vanished. "Where have you been since we parted in Paris?" he demanded. Strozzl spread out his hands with an expressive gesture. "Everywhere, monsieur?on the Continent, in England, in the antipodes, and now you behold me here. Ah, did not you always say that I was a man of parts?a person of talent? Many times have I proved the correctness of your Judgment." "What brought you to this part of the world? You had some especial pur. pose, I suppose, in coming to New York jl ?in donning the character of a fullblooded baron?" Strozzl shrugged his shoulders. His wicked eyes danced. "Purpose? Yes, monsieur. What would you? One soon tires of games of chance?luck will not always stay in one side; then, too, there are places where a man soon becomes so well known that he is no longer appreciated. This New York is a gigantic field of enterprise, open to all men of talent. Its m people, though republican in name adore titles. The belles of society are, as a rule, enormously rich, and are to be had by any aristocratic. foreigner for the asking. When reaches my age, he naturally bef|^^^?hlnk of matrimony?the claims Bex ^ arise before his vlew^^^Jpieur le comte my purpose in t*r^^^Hny gifts and talents to this market was to secure by them ^^^Kig which I now need exceedlngly^^Hft wife. If I do not mistake, I have {Biese words not only stated my own|rt ambition, but that of monsieur le comte, also. Like master, like man." The count grew furious. He started up from the door, and made as if he would lay violent hands upon his visitor, but upon second thought, he restrained himself and fell back reluctantly. If "Impudent knave!" he fumed, "you do not mean to say"? "Exactly monsieur!" "You have not dared to lift your cursed eyes to"? Strozzi waved the expressive hand again. m "Monsieur, I was about to say that I have already found the ideal of my dreams?a being, young, fair and rich beyond belief?a Jewel, which, with the help of the gods, I will win and wear? a coy, spinicu ucaiuic, ai.a, K V, .... sue and with the mettle of a halftamed filly, but charming nevertheless. Monsieur, I speak of Miss Beatrix Sardis." W The count's face grew black. His ~ lips tightened omniously, "Adolphe," he said, "you were a very good valet. You understood to perfection the duties of a servant, and though often Insolent, you were always faithful. But now I perceive that you have ^ gone mad. Hound! Do you know that * the lady of whom you speak is a near relative of my betrothed wife?" "Yes, I know it well," answered the baron, airily. The next instant the count had him by the throat, compressing his windpipe in a very unpleasant way: then dragging him from his easy-chair, he hurled him violently against the oppo^ site wall. "And you dare tell me this to my face?" hissed the count. "It's a wonder that I do not murder you! Now listen to me. I decline any connection of this sort with a former servant. I command you never to cross the Sardis threshold ^ again?I command you to leave New York at once, and never more show yourself in society here, or, as Heaven [N COUNTESS f ? ?i f. PIERCE. | hears me, I will strip you of your false * name and title?I will tell your true * story to your American admirers?I will set the police on your track?I will de- ? nounce you as my former valet de chambre?a gambler, a swindler, a 8 cheat; and these, remember, are the <3 very mildest names that I can apply to a you." a The baron seemed bewildered for a 0 moment. Then he passed his hand In- J quiringly over his throat, adjusted his ' disordered neck-tie, and shook himself. P "Pardon, mon count, you will do nothing: of the sort," he answered, as soon as he could recover breath; "your will is good, without doubt, but you do ^ not dare." h The two glared at each other in open h hatred. < "You dare not monsieur," repeated 11 the baron, "because I, too, can make unpleasant revelations. You think that b I am in your power. Reverse the case, and you will have the truth?you are in mine!" His dark, scarred face was full of menace, and a certain tigerish gleam made hideous his coal-black eyes. b The count grew deadly pale. "You can prevent me from securing a rich wife," Strozzl went on, "and I also can take from you your beautiful be- s: trothed?oh, you have done well for e yourself there, monsieur!?and with her the banker's millions. Suppose I , should go to Monsieur Sardls and say 11 ?your prospective son-in-law is a P born count, his title is not spurious w like mine, but if you tnew what I know . of him?I, his former servant, from h whom few secrets of his life have been hidden?you would sooner cast your . daughter into the Are than give her to him. Think a moment, monsieur, and you will see that I am not a person to be safely defied. When we parted in h Paris, I took the bribe you gave me, . snd promised that I would not of my , own will cross your path again, or mo- jL iest you m any way, ana i nave Kept my word. Well, what would you? Accident has thrown us together here, ? and you have seen ft to recognize me by a name which I have now abandon- L ed, and which is associated with as ? many unpleasant thlags for you as for ^ me. Mon Dleu! That is no fault of mine." The count seemed Incapable of h speech. He simply glared at the speak- t] er, who was in full possession of his wit, and quite conscious that the game was his own. tl "Monsieur, you need money" contlnued Strozzl; "sc, also, do I. Tou 5 have found an heiress as berutiful as the angels, and you wish to marry her. t I will not lift a finger to prevent you, providing you do not In any way meddie with my plans, bet us both forget , the past. I have borne a great deal for g your sake. Ah, heaven! I have even heard that many people In Paris ac- t, cused me of the death of the late Coun- . tess Stahl, your beautiful and adored f wife who died so suddenly and myste- r riously one night, after dancing at the Tulleries. Eh! eh! How pale you are, t monsieur! Sit down, I Implore, and let t) me ring for brandy. You will not? Well, as I was saying, you must re- t( member these things. Peste! what an ^ outrageous thing is ingratitude! Bear in mind that I am nor. Adolphe Sassard now, but Baron Strozzi, a person whom you met last night for the first time, and whom you are bound to treat with jj becoming courtesy wherever you may encounter him. I mean to move heaven . and earth to marry the girl Beatrix?I shall marry her. be sure of that. Your " future mother-in-law gives me every ? encouragement. By my soul! she is as wild for the match as I am. If, through ,, any knowledge which you may have of my past history, you place so much as a straw In my way, monsieur, look to ^ yourself?to your beautiful heiress?to . your neck!" The count sank involuntarily into the j nearest chair. Before this threat, which he understood only too well, his pride of birth and blood, his inherent prejudices, his wrath and contempt, seemed to fall helpless. He was deprived at once of all further power of resistance, f "Monsieur, do you yield to my terms?" demanded Strozzl, watching him as a cat watches a mouse. "Will you permit your ex-valet to marry into the same r family with yourself?" 8 The count's face told how deep was J the humiliation thus set before him? 1 how fiercely he rebelled against it. But * alas! this was a case, not of choice, but 8 necessity. He stared fixedly down at t the floor, and made no sign. "Speak, I entreat you, monsieur!" 8 urged Strozzi, gayly. "It is a bitter pill J for you to swallow, eh? Well, console ' yourself. After all, we need not see 8 much of each other. Without doubt 1 you will take your bride to Paris?I 8 know your penchant for the delights of that naughty :ity. I shall remain in 1 New York. I adore New York! I shall . settle quietly down here, and live like a prince on the money of the old western pork-packer. You need never deign me a thought; and I, for my part, will remember you as little as possible. Family Jars will be out of the question, with an ocean rolling between us; and your pride?well, monsieur, you must put a wholesome curb upon that, and make a virtue of necessity. Do you ac[ cept my terms?" The count shook as if with an ague. "I accept" he answered, in a hoarse, difficult voice. "A thousand thanks, monsieur' It rends my heart to disturb you so much. Very good. I have then, to mention but one thing more. My purse Is quite empty. The money which you gave me on the night of your countess' death is spent?ever." franc. My marvelous luck at cards has deserted me, and some valuables which I possessed are in the hands of the Jews?that is, the pawnbrokers. A fresh supply of money is now imperative. Monsieur, oblige me with the loan of two thousand dollars." The count transfixed his adversary with a gloomy stare. "Two thousand dollars! You must be mad! You, who pretend to have an unlimited knowledge of my affairs, ought to know that I can scarcely meet mv nwn nprsonal expenses. I am beg garly poor. Was there ever a time : when I was not?" "Yes!" cried Strozzi; "when you , married the Countess Olga. She brought you a handsome fortune, and for a time ' you had plenty; but. alas! it was not ' long." The count frowned darkly. "It is impossible for me to oblige you " he answered; "and now we will end this interview?that is. you will have the goodness to take yourself out of my sight at once." "Pardon; I am in no haste," smiled the baron. "Let me suggest a way by which the impossible may be made possible. It is true that monsieur is poor?I never doubted that for a moment. and ah! what an unsatisfactory thing is a title, however genuine, to a man who hasn't a sou! But monsieu's future father-in-law is rich?enormously so. Monsieur has only to hint delicately that his remittances from Europe have been unaccountably delayed and the money will be forthcoming. Try it, mon count, and let me know the result." "You serpent! Do you think I will borrow money for you?" cried the count, bursting with wrath. "I do not think it. monsieur?I know it. Without two thousand dollars I cannot exist; therefore I shall be forced to press you to the utmost to obtain it for me. Call this morning at the banking-house of Sardis & Co., and at evening I will wait upon you here to ecelve the loan. I beg you do not des)late me with excuses, monsieur, for I :annot listen to them." "Is this the beginning of what I am :o expect henceforth at your hands?" laid the count, under his breath. "Am [ to go on bribing you to the end of the :hapter?" "By my faith, no! When I am the lusband of Miss Beatrix I shall have 10 need to seek pecuniary aid of you. [t is settled, then, monsieur? I will call :his evening?well, let us say at eight >'clock. I dine at the Sardis'mansion, ind I have several later engagements imong the haut ton; therefore I must jeg you to be prompt. Tou will be vaitlng here with the two thousand at :he hour named?is it not so?" The count could only trust himself to >ow. He was entirely in tne power or his man. "Then au revolr, monsieur," said Jtrozzi, picking up his hat and cane. 'Remember, we have entered Into an tlliance; remember, also, that one has lulte as much at stake in this matter s the other. Keep your lips sealed, md I will keep mine. I adore the fair, ibdurate Beatrix; you adore her superb ousin. The first is for me, the second or you. Bless you, monsieur! Be hapy, as I mean to be. Tou will not shake ands? As you please. Adieu." Then the baron bowed low, waved , lis gloved flnger-tlps, and was gone, ind behind, In the elegant room which ie had left, Ethel Sardis's betrothed ) usband stood for a long time voice>8s, motionless, staring at the door . ke a man who, through some Medlsake fear or perplexity, had suddenly een changed into stone. 1 (To be continued.) , STUART THE CAVALIER I loted Confederate Cavalryman Was < Childlike and Loved Display. J. E. B. Stewart had a childlike, , Imple vanity which all his biographrs smile at, liked parade, display and omp and gorgeousness, utterly differ- ] ig in this from Jackson, who was too t roud, or Lee, who was too lofty, 1 rrltoa OnmalUI Bradford. Jr.. in the ' .tlantlc Monthly. Stuart rode fine orses never was seen on an inferior nimal. He wore fine clothes, all that is position justified, perhaps a little lore. Here is Fltz Lee's picture of him His strong figure, his big brown beard is piercing, laughing eyes, the droopig hat and black feather, the 'fighting icket,' as he termed it, the tall cavaly boots, forming one of the most Jubiint and striking figures in the war." And Cooke is even more particular: | His fighting jacket shone with dazzl- i ig buttons and was covered with gold 1 raid; his hat was looped up with a i olden star and decorated with a black t strich plume; his fine buff gauntlets y eached to the elbow; around his waist I ras tied a splendid yellow sash, and i Is spurs were of pure gold." After ] tiis we appreciate the biographer's as- 1 ertion that he was as fond of colors as < boy or girl; and elsewhere we read i tiat he never moved without his gor- < eous red battleflag, which often drew tie fire of the enemy. 1 As to the spurs, they were presented 1 a the general by the ladies of Balti- 1 lore, and he took great pride in them, i igning himself sometimes in private < Jtters K. G. S., Knight of the Golden t purs. 1 Women liked Stuart. It was a grand ] tiing to be the first officer in the Consderate cavalry, with a blue eye and a < lir beard, and all gold, like Horace's i >yrrha, rrom nat 10 spurs, wneu uc ode singing and laughing into a little own, by river or seashore, they flocked > o meet him, young and old, and touch- ' d his garments, and begged his but- < ons and kissed his gloved hands until I e suggested that his cheeks were 1 vailable, and they kissed those, young < nd old alike. They showered him with 1 lowers, also buried him under nose- 1 ;ays and garlands till he rode like old 1 od Bacchus or the Queen of May. What an odd fashion of making war! 1 ind the best I have met with is, that 1 ne day Stuart described one of these j ccurrences to his great chieftain. "I ' tad to wear her garland till I was out 1 f sight," apologized the young cava- ] ler. "Why aren't you wearing it now?" ' etorted Lee. Isn't that admirable? I ' erily believe that if any young woman ! tad had the unimaginable audacity to hrow a garland over Lee he would 1 tave worn it through the streets of lichmond Itself. * * ' 1 GRIZZLY ATTACKS SURVEYOR ] dan Feigned Death and Eecaped With < a Severe Mauling. Left for dead by an Infuriated fenale grizzly bear who had mauled him ( ilmost to unconsciousness Is the nerveacking and thrilling: experience that C C. Chipman chief of a Dominion reologrioal survey party, while camping >n Mineral creek, near Wllmer, says he Vancouver Sun. Mr. Chipman had gone out from camp ilone with his rifle to examine the , nountaln-side behind the camp, which s very steep, as to the best place to icale it for triangulation purposes on he morrow. Presently he sat down on l log to rest; a bear charged at him rom some bushes without the slightest varning. As he struggled In surprise to free ilmself he saw a pair of cubs to one ilde and behind him. Unknowingly he lad sat down to rest between a female frizzly and her young. Firing one shot, ie rushed down the steep mountainside, the bear following with such de:ermination and force that it rushed ?ast him. Instantly Mr, Chipman turned and tvent back up the hill. As a bear, however, can run easier up hill than down, ie was quickly caught by the huge seast and shaken as easily as a terrier shakes a rat. Luckily the fierce shaking caused the bear to lose her footing jn the steep hillside and both rolled L 1,1 ? ? ? ? ? 'U~4? Jntim Kfifrtro logeiner sume uisihiiic uunu ?&? ? bringing up. It was now ihat Mr. Chipman displayed the courage and presence of mind that saved his life, for on bringing up among some bushes he lay perfectly quiet, feigning death. Satisfied, ifter sniffing him all over, that he really was so. the bear ambled away to her cubs. On his men getting to him he was carried into camp and made comfortable, while a couple of men were sent down here for Doctor Opie, as it was found impossible to carry Mr. Chipman out from the head of Miner Creek to the junction with Toby river and the logging road. Doctor Opie got to Mr. Chipman about midday on Saturday, after a gallant fight for miles with burnt and fallen timber. He found that the leather leggings worn by Mr. Chipman had practically Baved his right leg below the knee from serious injury. Unanimous Juries.?The system of permitting a single juror to prevent a verdict in a criminal trial very often puts a premium on vice. Shrewd lawyers sometimes find it possible to get "a friend" of the accused into the Jury box, in which case the evidence counts for nothing. Two bankers have just been on trial in New Orleans. They managed to get away with more than half a million dollars. The case seemed to be absolutely clear-cut and their guilt established without the possibility of error. Yet the Jury stood eleven to one for a verdict of guilty. That did not make any difference In Louisiana, for the law empowered nine of the twelve jurors to bring in a verdict. The presumption in that state is that if a jury stands three to one in favor of a certain course of action, that action is probably right. Evidence that will convince nine out of twelve men of the guilt of the accused must be very convincing evidence. The propaganda for majority verdicts is spreading. Were nine of the twelve jurors authorized to bring in a verdict in all except capital cases, much jury-fixing would straightway be done away with.?News and Courier. STATE WAREHOUSE BILL Hon. John L. McLaurln Dlscusse Fundamentals of Plan. BANKING AND FINANCE INVOLVEI Able Speech Feature of Last Tueada Night's Segtion of the Senate?Cham pion of New Plan to Finance Cottoi Crop and Regulate Prices, Make Known the Reason for His Faith. The feature of the legislative pro ceedings so far was a speech by Sena ~ ? tor John L<. MCLaunn ui last Tuesday night, on the state ware house bill. The bill having been madi a special order, it was announced ii advance that Senator McLaurin wa to speak and not only were all but i few of the senators In their seats; bu there were many visitors from varlouf parts of the state, on the floor and ir the galleries. Governor Blease anc Chief Justice Gary were among th< more prominent public officials wh( were present to hear what the senatoi from Marlboro had to say. Senatoi McLaurin spoke for more than ar hour, and was listened to with th? closest attention throughout The full text of his speech is as follows: Senators: About one year ago, i was permitted, with Mr. Chas. Crosland, to represent the state of South Carolina at e conference of the governors of ths cotton states in New Orleans. The question under conslderatior was how to regulate the sale of cottot so as to insure to the growers a fail profit and to the manufacturers thai stable price for the raw material, whlcl would destroy a speculation in futurei as ruinous to grower and spinner as it Is burdensome to the consumer. It was the unanimous opinion of the conference that state owned and operited warehouses constituted the key :o the problem, and the representatives from each state pledged themselves tc ?o home and begin an agitation to thii end. So far as South Carolina is'concerned that promise has been faithfully redeemed. Constitutionality Tasted. The matter was presented to the South Carolina State Union, where 11 net at first with decided opposition >ut after a thorough discussion was jnanimously adopted by that body, and :he President, Mr. Dabbs, became by /lrtue of his official position, sponsoi '"* monaiire Before the bill was jubmltted to the Union, however, at a public meeting of the citizens of Marlboro county the idea was endorsed and >ur delegation in the general assembly requested me to draft a bill, which 1 lid. Those in charge of the measure lr Louisiana deemed it necessary to amend the Constitution, but I felt sure thai this could be avoided by megns of a direct appropriation, and tnat in any event, we could get a declaration frotr the supreme court as to whether the purposes of the act came within the police powers of the state. The bill passed the legislature, received the signature of the governor ind under an agreed case was argued before the supreme court. I may also add that it was unanimously indorsed by the Democratic state convention. In Its decision thf court denied the constitutionality ol the act on the sinking fund provision but sustained the act as being withir the exercise of the police powers of the state. The court could easily have annulled the provision as to a bond issue and let the act go into operation Just as the knife of the surgeon removes the useless vermiform appendto ind the patient lives on. I think, however, that the court realized as I did that the bill needed improvement, anc perfecting in many respects before 11 was put into operation, and so far as I was concerned I welcomed the court'i legal opinion and rejoiced in its practical wisdom. At the meeting of tht Farmers' Union in July, I expressed myself in this way and pointed oul what I thought should be done. The state president and myself wer< Instructed to prepare a bill, and it ii this measure which we now have under consideration. The fundamenta principles of both bills are the same but the bill under discussion is broader in scope. Time Favorable. Last year at this time the entire south was deeply interested in cottor prices, and ready to try almost anj plan or scheme that was proposed While I realize that the interest is nol so wide spread with cotton at thirteer instead of seven cents, I believe thai this is the more favorable time for th< consideration of this bill, because w< are not so ready to try experiment! and are better prepared to give th< calm, serious consideration which ? radical departure of this kind shoulc receive. I am perfectly frank in saying tha the time is not as favorable so far ai inducing other states to join us, anc realize that to accomplish all that 1 should, every cotton state must oper ate a warehouse, because it is only it that way that we can carry out th< trust principle of establishing a mini mum price for cotton, which will In elude not only actual expenses o making, but a reasonable Interest 01 the amount invested in land and ma chlnery. We have been fortunate this year it South Carolina. Some counties hav< raised staple cotton which has com manded from 16 to 28 cents per pound short staple has ruled from 11 to 1! cents, and with a great corn crop ou people are prosperous, where a yea tigu i uiii aiaitfu us 111 nit? laue. oup pose this year had been a repititlon o 1911; where would we be? Is it not well then in time of peaci to prepare for war? I have no doub that this year will see the largest acre age and with the heaviest use of fer tilizer, we may face a twenty millioi bale crop. It will be too late next Oc tober to provide banking facilities, an< warehouses to avert another disaster which will mount up in the millions We must start a year ahead, ?.nd usi some of the fatness of these days t< tide us over the lean years sure t< come. Had an adequate banking am warehouse system been in operatioi for the last crop I believe that it wouh have saved the farmers of this stat twenty millions of dollars of loss, sold cotton in October as low as 6 cents and in June I sold what I ha< warehoused at 12$ cents. I think hazard little in saying that 800,00 bales of cotton were sacrificed in thl way because it was impossible to hob it until spring. The losses on any one of ten crop would establish a warehouse system and provide funds to finance it as well Take a table of prices for ten year past and the average difference be tween October and May is about $1 per bale. If a man for ten years pas had bought 1,000 May and sold 1,00 October and absolutely made no othe transactions, he would have lost mone; only once and his profits would ap oroximatp {100.000. The strongest argument that I hav heard advanced against this bill Is th difficulty in securing efficient manage ment. The trouble with everything o this kind is that politicians get hold o it. and use it to further their own self ish ends. If this is to be the case, thei I am utterly and absolutely agains this bill, it is a failure before it start! The plan we are proposing In Soutl Carolina differs from the Louislan; plan which might be better callei the New Orleans plan because it wa designed to build up the commerce o that great city, and has behind it al of the financial wisdom and bankin resources of the metropolis of the soutl The city of New Orleans first acquire thirty-two miles of terminals and th water front with such warehouses as p< were already in existence. Then after to successfully operating the plan for four sc years, the state was authorized to vail- ra J date the warehouse certificates. It is of proposed to build the greatest cotton warehouse in the world, but it is to be from the sale of bonds, which were 1fl taken by the moneyed men of New Or- *u I leans, and is not to cost the state a * cent. The city has financed the scheme from beginning to end. Not only this, te^ y but think of the efficient management {* to be had from the experienced bank- 1 - ing and cotton experts of that great "C city. I confess when I think how ab- c? solutely essential expert management c" s Is to the success of our plan, I grow th sick at heart. J"' I say to you, senators, that unless we . can get men not only of character, but 8'1 of supreme business ability and wide 181 experience in finance, we are engaged th ' in a costly and foolish experiment. I to * Kill la ve " D6II6V6 mat HUB Wtticiiuuou u?*i hi e scientific In principle, but It is also co fruitful In practical possibilities, for de either good or evil. tw A Pig in a Bag. j? 1 If the men selected In my calm, hon- tEL( t eat Judgment are not fitted for the s place, I will vote against the bill and , suffer the evils we have, rather than gtl those we know not of. Senators, you pe. 1 know the old saying?"Never buy a j , } pig In a bag," and any man who votes ha ) for this bill without knowing who is to run It, is "buying a pig in a bag," and I co for one, do not wish to take such a re- we r sponslbility. It was for this reason h i that the bill was drawn with blanks to , . Insert the names, so that they can be 90( ' supplied by amendment from the floor. st 1 It Is difficult to get the kind of a man . we need for chairman, and we might t" as well make up our minds that he will L have to be paid what might seem a . large price. To be chairman of this ? ' board, requires unusual qualifications. r_| | Men fitted for places on It are not men - who will come seeking it, they are men of affairs, whose success in handling ' their own business Is a guarantee of [ being able to handle this proposition. You must seek them for they will not c be found In these lobbies asking for ar( 1 Jobs. ^ . Finance More Than Warehousing. oni The more thought tnai i nave given ma , this subject the more firmly I have cia , been rooted In the opinion that the Th problem confronting us Is more a ques- ere i tlon of finance than of warehousing, tlo > The opportunity Is peculiarly open to of ! the south through Its cotton crop of ser , establishing a credit system of Its own hoi . entirely independent of the rotten bank- hoi ing system that centers In New York. pr< In 1907. we had a panic, which some tlo said came from the too great expansion up i of credits, because the country was too th< 1 prosperous, as though we could have in , too much demand for the products of thi i labor, for that is what makes prosper!- the 1 ty. Some ascribed the panic to Roose- res ' velt, others claimed It was an attempt mj of the money power to.discredit Roose- tht i velt by the trusts. of l This is all moonshine, the panic P]a came, as others ape to come, from the tlo | Inherent weakness in the present bank- <ph r lng and currency system. Indeed It is [ a misnomer to call It a system. We merely charter any number of either coi t state or national banks, and each unit |s I Is left to stand or fall, there being no un I place where a perfectly solvent bank miJ , can go if there is a run, with a certain- ex( ty of securing aid. A panic can come ten i any day, with a run on a few New or ) York banks. The reason is that banks ^et > are required to carry a reserve fund of wa fifteen per cent of their deposits. The na1 . reserve banks never carry less than wj, , twenty-five per cent. Now bankers are jeg I In the business to make money out of OUI ! bm fnr thalr health. Thev do not . loan this fifteen per cent at home, but v^a : they deposit it with the New York th< s banx*. and Tt is shown In the local W] ' bank statement as cash. As a matter rei , of fact It is loaned, because they re- ot i ceive interest on the deposit. The gov- ea< > ernment allows this, and the enormous th( . sums shown on deposit in the big New p]e . York banks are the reserve funds of , the entire country, which should be j_ . kept at home for the protection of de- u_ : posltors. I am aware of the fact that lav since the panic of 1907 the so-called * , country banks are not depositing so t . I heavily with New York, at least they t think they are not, but if they knew . 4 ^ mnnov thov wnilM [ Wild I Weill Willi UICU ? !?? U.V/ ? ? ... j find that sooner or later every dollar of , . It finds Its way to the vaults of i New *? : > York. The New York bank pays the ? I South Carolina bank Interest, hence it . t must be expected that the money will be used. These reserves constitute ? what Is known In New York as "call " s money." It is loaned to speculators at P?. . from five per cent up. Stocks or cotton I are bought or sold on margin. In the " , place of constituting the reserve in. tended by law to protect depositors, It is at once transformed Into the huge gambling fund out of which fortunes aD' are made and lost overnight on the ex, changes. The banks as long as the ini | movement of money is toward New r York encourage this speculation, so as Un to get interest, but suppose as In the I fall of 1907, the country banks begin , j to withdraw their surplus funds? Price or t of stocks and bonds have been Inflated, 8tr ? the profits on margin account begins to me j melt away, and there is a rush to sell. a 1 \ Frantic efforts are made to borrow , money and rates advance sometimes to i 100 per cent. Stocks are dumped on j the market and when three national cu> banks and four big trust companies 'ar t closed their doors in New York, it was *b< j too late for South Carolina banks to cui j get their money back. t The banks all over the country were thi . at once notified that they could not get ln , their money until the trouble was over, for ? Business Interests entitled to protec- adi . tion were sacrificed according to Dunn Pis . and Bradstreet of two billion of dol- rnc f lars, all because of an unsound bank- na , lng system centered In New York. It us . is rotten and dishonest, and the send- coi ing of Morse to the penitentiary as the ba , "scape goat" was mean and cowardly, of e The deposits of country banks in New tin . York today equal about one-third of Dc ; all the money in these United States, sue j and let something occur that would in on r a week's time cause the withdrawal of sai r say one-tenth of this one-third, and th? * - l-'-* * 1hAT 1 Qf . you wouia see me msiury ui u>vi icf peated. I believe bankers are more eas- th< lly frightened than any class of busl- no p ness men In the United States, and It is ' ^ because they alone fully comprehend In . the weakness of the present system un- odi . der which they handle trust funds. wll , Think of a scheme or plan that en- ne . courages the banks to enforce collec- be< j tlons, when they should give exten- th? . slons; to hoard funds In stringent pai i* times, when they should give credits, sys g thereby bringing about the very panic Ch a they would avoid. The money from bu; a the country banks goes to New York, sul j where it is given a set of bankers, who f, loan It to stock speculators at heavy of j interest rates. In 1907 the New York an e banks between Aug. 22nd and October su| j 30th, reduced their loans about 190,- Ur i 000,000 with such an advance in inter- gei j est rates that a call of less than one fin j hundred and forty million from the an 0 country banks by October precipitated ba B a panic. en< j Stock gamblers were forced by the ad terrific advance In interest rates to tic a throw the stocks held on margin upon fa< lt the market, and the knowing went ela i* short to the extent of their ability and ha 3 kept selling on a scale down." It Is a se( . matter of public history that a $75.00 rei 5 clerk In Chicago, named Llvermore. ini X became In a few weeks several times In 0 a millionaire. Only to lose It on cot- thi r ton within a year and disappear like all y a passing shadow. pr Another thing, suppose you have a of business and think you have made ar- in< e rangements with your local banker for est e funds, and call money goes to 20 per six . cent in New York, your bank has Its bo if money on deposit in New York, and cri f when you come to get money to carry of - forward a legitimate business enter- le< n prise, you are told, "Money is very cei it tight in New York; don't you see It Is bo i. 20 per cent 'on call,' you will have to ch h wait," etc. Who hasn't had that ex- gii a perlence? As a matter of fact, the no d high rate has tempted your banker tei 8 and he has wired his correspondents cri if to loan his deposits at 20 per cent, and II legitimate business at home must wait Its g until the gamblers on the exchange cri i. havf, either "made a killing," or pre- of d cip tated a panic. If I can help the lss e people of the south to use the vast un >wer God haa given them in cotton get out of the hands of a conlenceless "Money Trust," I would ,ther do it, than to be the president the United States. Money Trusts. I noticed In the State of January th, the startling statement that one ink in New Tork on a capital ol 00,000, had since the war dlstribud eighty millions of profits, besides ylng up-a vast reserve. Let me read: Snormous profits of the First Na>nal Bank of New York were reunted today by George F. Baker, airman of the board of directors of e bank, a witness before the house ney trust committee. Mr. Baker rnlshed the committee with records owing that since Its organization in S3, with a capitalization of 1500 000, e bank has made profits amounting mure kiia.ii ov,vuv,vw. iu ars since 1908, Mr. Baker told the mmittee. the bank had paid divinds of 226 per cent, or more than ice the total capitalization, which now $10,000,000. Samuel Unterrer, counsel for the committee, from :t8 supplied by Mr. Baker, calculated it since he assumed the presidency the First National in 1873, that intutlon has paid dividends of 18,660 r cent on Its original capitalization." agree with Mr. Baker, "This thing s gone far enough." What a commentary on financial iditions In the United States, when consider that the Bank of England d only 166 million dollars In gold its vaults, while there was about 9 millions locked up In the United ites treasury, and 300 millions more the vaults of banks doing no good stay a panic, while the Bank of igland, the world's great clearing use, could with one-twentieth of tat we had, send us 66 millions of Id with perfect confidence. It could this because It only uses gold to tie balances and to redeem its notes, ilch are based not on bonds, but the lets of the various banks Issuing ;m. Banks in the British empire ? not reauired to carry a fixed lount of reserve funds, hence this all money" Is not concentrated in e place to promote speculation, but tributed according to the commer1 necessities of various localities, e Bank of England raises and lowi its discount rate to meet condlns as they arise, so does the Bank France. This protects the gold reve and makes the banks clearing uses for all of the other banks. They Id the gold reserve of the nation to >tect credit both individual and nanal, while our gold reserve is piled in the treasury like cord-wood, at s mercy of a Money Trust centered New York, which can any day draw s gold out by using the currency it the entire country ships to the erve banks in New York, and bankjt the treasury. This is the reason Lt in the panic of 1907 the secretary the treasury went to New York and iced the whole resources of the nan at the command of Mr. Morgan. Is is why the president of the United ites had to stay his hand and conit to the absorption of Tennessee al and Iron by the Steel Trust This how the natural resources of the ited States are exploited to make iltl-millionalres. No relief can come :ept by a banking and currency sysn, not dependent upon New York, any other one city. Our slaves were iree uy numuos ?uu ouugut u<n ys; what we now need Is a few fatlcs seeking new ways to aet the ilte people free, for when tne shackwere stricken from the limbs of r slaves, the national bank act rivetthe broken fetters on all, both ck and white, for he who controls i means of subsistence controls mor lere shall we find relief? Do you nember the bondage of the children Israel when the Lord commanded :h to sprinkle the door post with ! blood of a lamb? It was so slmi that many refused, and the Angel Death carried away the first born that household. The solution for lies at our very doorway, If we will r aside personal and political Jealsies, and utilize the best brain and ent obtainable; we have in our land d Its product, cotton, one asset that unrivaled since Moses led the hosts I of Egypt and from the top of that lely mount saw them cross the Jorn into Canaan, the land that flowed th milk and with honey. Cotton is used the world over, it alys commands its price in gold. New rk uses our crop to deplete Eurom n-nlri reserves In order to main n her own commercial supremacy, e price of cotton is fixed abroad d measured In terms of gold. Evr time New York calls for gold, the rchasing power of our customers road is curtailed and the price of tton falls. Cotton is the one crop it always insures the balance of the rld's trade being in favor of the lited States. Cotton is the very ner-stone of international finance, by not use it to build us up Instead permitting it to be used as an obuction to our industrial developint? Why is it that we have become lation of panics? No Panics Abroad. Why is it that these constantly rerring panics do not come in Engid. France or Germany? This is not } time or place to enter into a disjsion of the banking and currency item of the United States, and yet s warehouse bill must be considered its relation to the general subject, warehouses are useless without equate means to finance cotton teed in them. There is no lack of >ney in the United States, no other tlon in the world can compare with in this respect. The reports of the nptroller of the currency show a nking capital of nearly double that the entire British empire, and four ies that of continental Europe, es it not seem strange that with :h resources we should be financially e of the weakest nations, unable to ourselves from such disasters as i panics of 1873, 1893, 1903 and 17 and the present "near" panic, i murmurings of which can even w be faintly heard? The answer to this question is found the fact that while business meths have changed in all Industrial lines thin fifty years, to meet radically w conditions, a Money Trust has ?n evolved that holds us rigidly to s National Banking act of 1863, saed in war times, not to provide a item of banking, but as Secretary ase said, to compel the banks to y bonds to carry on the war for the Pjugation of the south. We hear a great deal in these days the Canadian system of banking, d every one must admit its infinite periority to the one followed by the lited States. It is not, however, lerally known that the United States }t inaugurated this system in 1791, d that Canada copied it almost vertlm a few vears later. The differ ce lies In the administration; Cana succeeded, because they kept polls from Interfering, and from the :t that they Imparted the element of istlclty to their note Issue. Canada s not made the mistake of a bond :ured circulation, because It was illy the desire of her statesmen to lugurate a plan, not for a few men Montreal to profit by a weakness In b system, but to enable bankers In sections to do a safe business and ovlde a sound and adequate volume currency to meet the needs of bus;ss at all times. The rates of lnter; In all parts of Canada Is never over : per cent. These men knew that a nd secured circulation of a bank debased Its capital by Just that amount money that It was necessary to col:t In the locality and send off to a ntral point for the purchase of nds, thereby leaving a national bank artered, say In Bennettsvllle, to bei business with original capital in tes of a fixed and rigid amount ut"ly Incapable of expansion at the op moving period. 1 In Canada the bank does not Issue notes against bonds, but against Its edits, thus giving It the use not only its original capital, but also of its ue of notes, which cannot exceed Its Inrmalred naid-uD eanltal. Without i going into aetaiiB 1 win merely say that the entire system Is under the I supervision of the Canadian Bankers' : association, and the government has nothing to do with it. The banks act as a unit, and such things as panic by , reason of bank failure, is unknown, as , it Is In the United States, where in . time of stresa each bank stands alone, refuses extensions and calls loans to | pile the actual cash up In their vaults, and Issues clearing house paper as in 1907. Now what can South Carolina do to avert such a condition of affairs? Shall we await tne action 01 a democratic president and congress, or shall we push ahead and try to devise a system of our own, and through cotton get access to the Banks of England, France and Qermany, who are now furnishing money Indirectly to buy our cotton? Something must be done to give relief to the agricultural element. Why Not Deal Direct With Our Cue* tomers in Europe? President Taft has given lnforma- < tion to the country as to the European ; system of co-operative credits, which , Is making France and Qermany rich- ] er and more powerful every day. The < underlying principles are the same as ] are written into this warehouse plan, < with this difference: This bill seeks to t convert the products of the soil into ( a commercial security as negotiable as the bonds and stocks of the rail- ] way, steel trust and other corporations. < The European system does not deal i with the products, but the land Itself, 1 and It seems to me that we could ' ead- i ily adapt It to our needs In the south, j so as to apply to both land and its i products. At any rate, I have gone < far enough to feel it Is worth lnvestl- < gating before we Irrevocably commit i ourselves to anything. This country f has Just now reached the period that < confronted Europe 100 year* ago. ur an enormous population, with wornout soil. Germany and France have well nigh solved the problems and surely we would do well to heed the lesson. Census figures show that within twenty years the town population has grown 25 per cent faster than the country. This has attracted attention from students, statesmen and patriots, and has caused deep research into the underlying causea The department of state has been gathering information, and a delegate, Mr. David Lubln, has been sent to the International Institute of Agriculture to be held In Rome next December. The last meeting of the Southern Commercial congress recommended that a committee consisting of two from each Btate be sent abroad to Investigate the land loan schemes that are operating so successfully among the agriculturists of France and Germany. The president of the United States has written a letter to the governor of each state, enclosing a report from the American ambassador to France, which I think it will be well worth the while of each senator to read. There are two types of these agricultural banks, one for character and personal property credits, and the other for land loans. In reading these papers, the thought struck me how wonderful are the natural resources of this cotton country that has survived a barbarous land mortgage system and the extortions of a Hen and crop mortgage law, whose underlying thought has ever been to "size the pile and take it all." Under the German Landachaftan or the Credit Foucler of France such a thing as nersonal mortgages are unknown. On pace 17 of his report the ambassa- ' dor says: "The whole theory of the organization of land credit is based upon the debenture bond and system of amortization and^slnking^ fund deviled One without the other two is useless. The three must be combined and also coupled with wise management under wise laws in order to attract a steady flow of cheap money to agriculture. It Is remarkable that this truth has never been realized or applied to the United States for farm mortgage loana In spite of the example of practically every nation in Europe for generations, the lending of money on mortgage still remains largely a mere brokerage business unrestricted by proper laws, either to individual or corporations, while mortgages continue to be drawn for three or five years, when experience shows that the average life of a loan is far in excess and needs to be renewed again ana again, with added expense to the debtor. Amortization is simply a method of paying off a loan by returning a little of the capital each year. These payments are called annuities, and are composed of the interest and contribution to the sinking fund and the cost of conducting business. They are calculated for periods of from ten to seventy-five years, and at the end of the period the mortgage debt becomes extinguished, and the property returns to the owner free and clear from all incumbrances. The prevailing interest rate on amortization mortgages in Prance is at present 4 per cent. By adding a little over three per cent to this, and paying 7} per cent per annum a French farmer can extinguish his aeDi wunin iwemy ycaio. Frenoh Vs. American Farmer. Let us suppose a case of a French farmer who borrows $10,000. He pays $750 annually, which covers his 4 per cent Interest and the sinking fund expenses. At the end of the twenty year period, he has paid interest and expenses, $15,000, and his debt is cancelled. Who can estimate what a South Carolina farmer would pay on $10,000 for 20 years with Interest computed annually and paid in advance? When he gets the money at plain, straight simple interest, he would have paid $16,000 in Interest alone and would still owe the original $10,000, making $26,000 against the French farmer's $15,000. Now what would a loan of $10,000 to run for 20 years cost the average South Carolina farmer? It Is hard to say. No bank in the state or institution that I know of would make a loan for 20 years. Five years at 8 per cent, payable annually, would be about the best he could do and trust to luck to get renewals, and in each case would probably have to pay a bonus to get some one else to carry the loan. The largest business of this kind Is done by Insurance companies, and I do not know that I could better illustrate the point than by telling of an actual case that came under my observation. It is Insurance money, but a trust company makes the loan on a mortgage at 8 per cent. The borrower is required to Insure his life and assign the policy as additional security. A hnniin nf 2 ner cent is paid to the broker who negotiated the loan, and $100 to the attorney who fixed up the abstract of title, making $1,100 taken out In advance. The annual interest Is $800, and the premium on the life Insurance about $600, making $1,400 per year on a loan of $10,000, to say nothing of the expenses and difficulties of making new arrangements at the end of each five-year period. At the very best it would foot up $28,300 paid in actual interest, life insurance, etc. The principal of $10,000 would still be due, making a total of $38,300, for carrying $10,000 twenty years, while the French farmer under his banking system has paid out $15,000. which cancels the debt in full through the sinking fund. It is exactly the same principle upon which states, counties, towns, railroads and corporations borrow money. There is no secret about it; every man except the farmer is benefitting by its application. It is by giving the same fluidity to real estate credits, as are attached to bonds and stock, which in reality are based absolutely on the soil and its products. The French statesman has for the benefit of agriculture devised a banking system which mobollzes | land and makes its value negotiable for current use in the money markets, ( easy to pass from one to the other, | while the American statesman has j provided for agriculture a banking i system, making it a crime for a national bank to lend money on land and delivering the farmer to the stock exchanges of the country to be plundered 1 without mercy. My hope is that the I warenouse dui win pave me way 10 a system of agricultural banks, based on land and Its products. I could not Imagine a better credit basis than cotton, because no other product Is so readily convertible Into gold. These agricultural banks are worked In harmony with the Imperial German bank or the Bank of France, and instead of the bond secured circulation which holds us down, each bank can Issue notes to three times Its cash reserve. Three years ago, when war between France and Germany seemed sure to come, France had about two hundred million dollars of call money loaned in Germany for which demand was made. The Bank of Germany lost about forty million of its reserve in one week, just about the same amount lost by New York when the panic of 1907 was precipitated. But what a difference, the banks in New York suspended payment and were at once in the thrnes nf nnnlc. The German banks went on as if nothing had happened, Instead of calling In money, they Increased their loans 145 million and issued one hundred and fifty-four million more currency. In this country in time of stress each Individual bank begins to call loans, and hoard money, while In every ather up-to-date nation they ward off threatened danger by increasing loans, uid abundant note Issue. New York with about one billion do'ars belonging to banks scattered all aver this country, loaning It to stoc'ind cotton gamblers Is a standing nenace to the prosperity of this na:lon. Let us finance our cotton as far is we can ard establish relations with noney centtrs abroad, where certlfl:ates for cotton In a state warehouse ?n be placed. Land or Its products is die basis of all wealth. Railroad stocks rovernment bonds and every commercial security In the world are worthess were it not for the products which come from the soli. In passing this bill, et me warn you, that we must as soon is possible, go further and establish a >anking system, based on land values n order to furnish long time loans at nitmAaaa Ckt U v* IdVCB U1 IIIVC1 COl iV/1 |/ui pv?va wa ndustrlal development Pass the wareiouse bill, and place the management n the hands of those prepared to operas It as best they can under present sonditions. A board that will proceed cautiously and slowly, looking to the :lme when our people will be educated ;o the point where co-operative bankng is possible. This plan can be started without a rery great outlay of money. We must iave a warehouse in Columbia, one In he up-country, and one In Charleston :o begin with. I have thought thsjosaibly with suitable freight arrangenents, the compress could be in Florence, & central point so far as railroads ire concerned. It can be made selflustaining, and when other states see is operating successfully, they will *eadlly fall In line. I look for great remits from the next Southern Commercial congress, when recommendations vlll be made as to a uniform system of igrlcultur&l banks. I hope they And South Carolina already operating a varehouse system, which will enable is to use our cotton as a credit basis, rhere is one thing that we might as veil understand at the outset, we canlot get funds for making the crop and :he money to hold It from the tame lource. New Tork is always ready an i inxlous tc supply funds for making the crop but when the fall comes, she needs cotton to draw from the gold reserves >f Europe. She needs this gold to nalntaln her power, and under no circumstances Is she willing to aid the louth in holding cotton. Indeed, I sometimes think that these warehouses vlll be something like a man "totln" a run. As long as he has It in sight, ho never -needs *e It-Is only when fie?*?Hasn't got It that the necessity arises, [f several of the southern states are , prepared to hold and finance the cron. ill that they have got to do is to fix a ninlmum price, that Is fair to all concerned, and it will be accepted as all :rust made prices must be and are accepted. In this event the warehouses vould be used by those able to hold and leslrous of Securing the maximum price arising when supplies become icanty. The mills are now put to the >xpenae or neaging men wuci m mr 'uture market, thus encouraging a iplrit of speculation, that has sap if" the honesty and ruined many a mill nan. Suppose South Carolina, Georgia. Texas and Louisiana went into this business. They could within certain Imlts absolutely fix the price of cotton 10 that it would be stable and a mill lot forced to sell futures to hedge its :ontracts for cloth. This bill In a certain sense, is an attempt to naturalize our one great inlustry, cotton. I wonder how much the. lystem of co-operative bankinar abroad las had to do with teaching those nations the lesson that In "Union there is itrength." I do know that If cotton vas grown in Germany, England or Ftance, they would swiftly hold the lalance of the world in tribute by it. They have in Germany the potash inlustry and they have nationalized it ind force an ever increasing tribute 'rom the farmers of the United States svery year. In Sweden the government landles its iron and steel industries. Sngland has chosen to make herself :he banker for the world, and through :he Bank of England all the nations dear and settle their balances. The attitude of the public mind on governnental questions is indicated in old ige pension bills and government inlurance. In France the question is serously agitated of the government con rollng the extortions of middle men )y buying up all food stuffs and selling t at cost to consumers. So that wherever you may turn there Is no escape. The whole trend of the time Is toward ;o-operation, and making use of the rovernment to protect the weak againec :he encroachments of the strong. This bill Is In accord with the trend >f events and harmonizes with the iplrlt of the times. You can pass It or let It alone, but the Idea Is firmly Implanted In the minds of the people, and :he longer It Is delayed the more far eachlng and radical will the reform be when It does come. Our present financial system '8 a relic of barbarism, a lerltage from that monumental catasirophe, the war between the states. Af:er fifty years, we are still struggling is a nation with Its nearby effects. Reverence for the past Is admlrabl , put a generation of live men who canlot turn the ignorance and blunders of lead ancestral generations into sublime iteming stones to lift themselves into i loftier plane of being, will m s lirely the road which leads to the land vhere pro?Tcss and justice find their ibldlng place. The over-whelming elec:ion of Woodrow Wilson is not a mere ?arty triumph, It is a notice served by the American people that this "devil :ake the hindmost" civilization, where :he crafty and strong always have chelr way, is at an end. It is part of a novement over all the land without re rara to party wnicn cannot De aispos;d of by Jeers and ridicule. A comnanding public opinion has declared tself on the side of justice, and it will lever stop until righteous reforms are wrought Into law, and then honestly ind impartially executed. It Is not only the concentration of :he money of the country Into the lands of a few but with that gives the ibsorption of its hand. Vast land estates, with tenants instead of home iwners, is the logical sequence. There ire no more free homesteads in the vest, but home-seekers are being forced back into the older states where irices ever climb higher. Without long J me loans, how can the laboring man ever buy and pay for his home under jresent merciless Interest rates? I say to you, fellow senators, that a republican form of government cannot be nalntQinoH nvnont o a o notlnn *\f wners and hon e builders. ?"Is your wife going into active politics?" "I don't think so," replied Mr. Meekton. "I don't believe anything could nduce her to take that new J50 hat of iers and throw it into the ring."? Washington Star. Perhaps the man who is looking tor trouble is better prepared to dodge t when it comes.