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? ???^^^??? YO R l. m oeist'8 sons, Pubu.her,. j % #mit8 geicsjjaper: .for th< promotion of the political, Social, JLgrieultural anil Commercial Interests of the people. j TER"* ^?S< ESTABLISHED 1855. " YORKVTLLETS.C., FRIDAY, JUNE3Q, l~9t 1. 7 NO. 5-3. m ===== rBY THOM Copyright, 1911, b Pub. by Doubleday, BOOK II?THE ROOT. CHAPTER XII. Temptation. When Stuart had seated himself on ohQ if In a luxurious icuuici -vuinvu v.?. ? the little sitting-room he gazed into the flickering Are with a feeling of strange excitement. He could hear Bivens giving orders to his employees about the removal of his millions to the vaults below. It would take hours to complete the task. He could hear the deep vibrant ring of the gold, as the men dumped it into bags. As he listened to the curious sound he began dimly to realize that the foundation of his life and character were being undermined. There could be no mistake about it. He had made some brave talk to Bivens's face as he stared at the daring display of his money. He couldn't realize it then. He was on guard. But now that he was alone and his imagination began to paint pictures and his fancy to ' weave visions, he saw the beckoning hand of Temptation from a high mountain wave invitingly toward the world below, and the vision was beautiful. He lifted his eyes from the Are and they rested on an exquisite miniature of Nan which had been painted just after her marriage. The artist had caught the pose of her magnificent neck and head in an inspired moment. 1 He forgot the ten black years of lone- 1 liness and struggle. He was standing 1 before her again in all the pride and ' strength of those last days of passionate longing and bitter rebellion. His heart gave a throb of fierce protest against the fate that had robbed him of the one thing on earth he had ' ever really desired. He tried in vain to separate her from the struggle of character and principle he was fighting 1 with Blvens. In spite of every effort his imagination persisted in painting scenes with Nan which mu3t come in- 1 evitably from an intimate business association with her husband. The very idea of such treachery roused his soul to fury, but always the picture return- ' ed and always Nan's smiling face came 1 to beckon him on and her voice, soft 1 and full or tenderness, caiieu. When Blvens entered he found his 1 tall figure bent low in the chair and a scowl on his face. The little black eyes sparkled with the certainty of victory. He knew the 1 poison was at work and its wine had 1 found the ao\il. J "Now, Jim, down to business!" Stuart looked up with a start, recovered himself and replied sharply: 1 "All right?fire away.' Bivens drew a chair close, rubbed his slender hands and began in quiet tones: "You can see that I have the cash. What I must have to do the big thing I've dreamed is a right-hand man 1 whom I can trust with my money, my < body, and my soul. He must be a ! man with brains, and farseeing eyes. A man who will fight to the death and be loyal with every breath, who will work ( day and night, a man of iron nerve, iron muscle and a heart of steel. Come in with me, Jim. for all you're worth, with all your brain and will and personality, without a single reservation, and I'll give you a partnership of onefourth interest in my annual income i and I'll guarantee that it shall never he less than a million a year." Stuart sprang to his feet and stared at Bivens, gasping! "You mean this?are you serious .'" A friendly smile lighted the dark face as he slowly replied: "Certainly I'm serious. And my proposition is a sound one from a business point of view, otherwise I wouldn't make it. though you are the only man in the world who might tempt me to do a foolish thing for purely sentimental reasons. Still the offer is not made because you fought the battle of a poor white boy one day down south a long time ago. I've made it because I know you're worth it." Stuart shook his head. "I expected the offer of a generous salary. Pal, but this is simply stunning." "I told you I'd make you a proposition so big and generous you couldn't get away from it. But mind you, I've the best reasons for making it. We are entering the last phase of a worldStruggle for financial supremacy. This country is to be the real centre of modnAwiP rint in that harbor lie at anchor ships that fly the flags of every nation, but they are all carrying out goods to the ends of the earth. The balance of trade with Europe alone is more than a million a day in our favor. We are producing gold at the rate of a million and a half a week and we keep it. With our untold resources, our inexhaustible supplies of coal and metal, with the most industrious, intelligent and progressive working men laboring under the best conditions and with the most efficient tools ever known in human history, we must become and will become quickly the economic masters of the world. When that happens somebody is going to be master here." Bivens rose and paced bac k and forth a moment. "Somebody's going to be master here, Jim," he repeated, "and it's not going to be a mob, the stupid, howling, slobbering thing that clutched at your throat that day in front of my bank" No." "Nor will it be a clumsy soulless corporation called a "Trust," either, a thing that can be badgered and hounded bv every hungry thieving politician who gets into office. The coming master of masters, the king of kings will be a man?a man on whose imperial word will hang the fate of empires." "What do vou mean?" Stuart asked with quick emphasis. "Just what I said. The seat on this nation's government is not at Washington, D. ('. It's a silly idea. We have some very tine buildings there and a crowd of fools rattle around in the Capitol and make a lot of noise. } But 1 met the King of America the roflvil AS DIXON W y Thomas Dixon. 'jcS^ Page & Co., N. Y. CJy I other day in this panic. He sent for me. You can bet I answered the call. He made me eat dirt and swear that I liked the taste of it. But I'll get even with him yet!" Two livid spots suddenly appeared on the swarthy cheeks and he choked Into silence. "There was more truth than romance In the story that I deserted my associates in that panic, Jim. I had to do it. I was given my choice. I could do it or walk the plank. Not one of the men I deserted in that pool would have hesitated a moment to do exactly what I did under the same conditions; but, Jim, it hurt. Somewhere down deep there's something that makes me hold fast to a man who stands with me. And the one ambition of my life now is to crush the man who forced me to lick his feet that day, and I'll do it yet!" Again his voice sank to a whisper and Stuart watched his convulsed features with increasing fascination. "The world is waiting," he continued, "for its real master?not a multimillionaire, but the coming billionaire. The rulers of the old world fawn on our financiers and envy tneir power. But the king of kings is yet to come. If I had been ready in this panic with the capital I have today I could have made a billion. With the power and experience I now have and one such man as you on whom I can depend I'd double my fortune every year. That means that in five years I will be a billionaire, and only forty-two. "Think for a minute what that means if you can! A billion dollars will double itself in seven years. At forty two I'd be worth a billion. At fortynine I'd have two billions. At fiftyeight I'd be worth four billions?and Just old enough to really begin to do things. That is on the supposition that my money only increases by its banking power, which is the smallest way to look at it. In seven years I'd start with a billion preparing for the grand 1 coup of the next panic. It always comes within a decade. The man who enters a panic with one billion dollars in cash if he had the nerve, the daring, and the brains can*emerge with fifty. "Give me one billion answerable to ?? will olnnp nnH T ran rule this na tion. Give me four billions r d no king or emperor, president or parliament on this globe will dare to make peace or war without consulting me. ' The power which Caesar or Napoleon wielded will be child's play to the power within my grasp. When such a ' man lives the world will know for the first time in history the might of a real master. "How long could this republic stand if such a man should see fit to change its form? Even now our petty millionaires buy courts and legislatures, and the control of great cities. But the new king would know no limitations to this power. He would make the laws, shape and dictate public opinion, subsidize the church and the schools, di- ' red the courts, control all industries, ' direct all banks, fix the wages of labor, ! the prices of all goods, regulate supply and demand and absorb all profits. "If Europe now cringes at the feet of our present millionaire king of Wall street, emperors beg his favor and princes wait at his door, what could the real ruler of the world do with these puppets when he comes into his kingdom?" Bivens's voice again sank into low passionate whispers, while his black eyes again became two points of fierce gleaming light. Stuart watched him with amazement at the revelation of volcanic passions which slumbered beneath his pigmy form. For the moment, too, he was swept from his feet by the rush of emotion. And again his eye rested on the smiling face of Nan looking at him from the ivory miniature on the mantel. When the crucial moment came fo?* his manhood to answer, the speech of brave denunciation died on his lips. The vision was too wonderful, the heights to which he had been invited 1 UJ?V, ..?/l ?Ktdll!na> ?r\ hfi (liQniiQQPH lull lllgo Uliu ill! iniun lu MV ~...... with words. Deep down in every strong man's soul is the consciousness of his own strength, the certainty that if put to the test he is the equal of any oth er man who walks the earth: thai if ne were suddenly thrust into the seat of the mighty he could play their roles with credit if not with glory. At the door of this yellow empire, mightier than kings in purple rule, his conscience halted, hesitated and stammered. He found himself, in spite of honor and character, for the mom "it measuring himself with Bivens in the struggle for supremacy which would sooner or later come between them if he should enter such an alliance. Bivens saw his hesitation and hastened to add in generous tones: "You needn't rush your decision, Jim. Take your time. Think it over from every point of view. You're hound to accept in the end." Stuart flushed and his hand trembled as he drew it nervously across his forehead. "It's no use in my quibbling, Cal, your offer is a stirring one. It tempts me immensely. I feel the call of the old blood-struggle in me, the inheritance of centuries of the lust of battle, and I'm beginning to see now that the world's battles are no longer fought with sword and gun. During the past months of excitement I've felt it too? the rush of this Idond?call to my heart. I've wanted to ride men down in the streets and carry their heads on a pike." "Take your time, Jim." Bivens broke in. rising. "'There's a tide in the affairs of men which, taken at its flood' ?you know the rest. But this tide will not ebb out for you tonight. I'm going to let it flow about you for days and weeks and months if need be. In the meantime I've got to see more of you. Nan wants it and I want it. You must come up to our house and entertainments. The politicians have turn ed you down but the big: men who count are afraid of you and they'll go out of their way to meet you. Come up to dinner with us tonight. I want you to make my home your home whether you accept my offer or not." Stuart hesitated. "Really, (*al, I oughtn't to go tonight." "Why not?" "Well you see, old man, I'm afraid I've let you take too much for granted. I've got to fight this thing out alone. It's the biggest thing physically and morally I've ever been up ? * Ko o 1 ah o fnp UKBIIIHl. I vc Kill III. mom awhile." "Oh, nonsense, be alone as much as you like later. Nan insisted on my bringing: you tonight, and you've got to come, to save me from trouble if nothing else. I've an engagement down town after dinner. You and Nan can talk over old times. I promise you faithfully that not a word of business shall be spoken. Stuart felt the foundations of life slipping beneath his feet and yet he couldn't keep back the answer: "All right, I'll come." CHAPTER XIII. The Forbidden Land. As Stuart dressed for the dinner he thought of Harriet with a pang. He had promised her to try to keep out| of danger. But could she know or understand the struggle through which J he was passing! He wondered vaguely why he had seen so little of her lately. She had become more and more absorbed in her music and her manner had grown shy and embarrassed. Yet, whenever he had resented it and stopped to lounge and chat and draw her out, she was always her old sweet self. The doctor, too, had avoided him of late and he noticed that his clothes had begun to look shabby. He hurried down stairs, determined to see him a moment before leaving. He caught him hurrying from the house and laid his hand affectionately on his arm. "These are tough times, doctor, and if you need any help you must let me know." The older man's voice trembled as he replied: "Thank you, my boy, that's a very unusual speech to hear these days. It renews my faith in the world." "You're not in trouble?" The doctor lifted his head gently. "My troubles are so much lighter than those of the people I know, I can't think of them. So many of my friends and patients have given up in this panic. So many have died for the lack of bread. I'll let you know If I'm In trouble myself." He paused and pressed Stuart's hand. "I'm glad you asked me. The sun will shine brighter today. I must hurry." With a swing of his stalwart form and a generous wave of his hand he was gone. When Stuart reached the Drive he alighted and walked slowly toward the Bivens palace. He had never been there before. He had always avoided the spot. He smiled now at the childishness of his attitude toward Nan. It seemed incredible that a sane man should tahoo one of the most beautiful spots in the city, merely because a woman lived In the neighborhood who once professed her love to him. He paused in front of the block on which the millionaire's house stood, amazed at the perfection of its detail, and above all amazed at the impression of homelike comfort and friendly hospitality which it gave. He had expected an imposing front, whose effects would impress and stun. He had not conceived the possibility of such a huge palace, set so commandingly in the centre of a block amid trees and shrubbery and iron picket fence, that it would suggest comfort and happiness. Yet the impression was unmistakable. The friendly lights seemed to reprove him for a long and foolish absence. The full moon had just risen and flooded the Drive and park and river with silvery mystery. He studied the effects of the building with wonder and) admiration. Evidently Bivens had given his architects a free hand and they had wrought a poem in marble. The fact was they had an easy task to persuade hiin. He had never boasted his culture or taste or ancestry. He knew and keenly felt the humility of his early origin and his one terror when he became rich was that he might be crude and ridiculous before others. When he found that his architects were men of genius he submitted to their guidance without a word. So fascinated was Stuart with the beauty and perfection of the great house he walked around the block before entering, viewing it from every angle?always to find some new Win shimmering in the moonlight that held his eye and charmed his fancy. What a strange thing, this medieval palace, standing in stately beauty in the midst of the hideous, ugly uniformity of the most modern, unromantic and materialistic city of the world! What was its meaning? And the tall iron fence with the bristling spikes to keep out the mob, and that queer underground entrance on the side. These feudal minarets, battlements and frowning black iron pikes, were they symbolic of a revival of the feudal spirit of the Middle Ages? Or were they merely the day-dreams of an artist with no social meaning beyond the vagaries of his fancy? Had a new master of the world really been born? And bad he begun to build his castles to stun and over-awe the rabbles that pass his door? Or was this strange being as yet neither fish nor fowl, neither beast nor human, merely a fungous growth in the diseased tissue of the modern world? Who < 0111(1 tell? Surely His MKe nau never been seen in the history of man?this modern money-maniac, this strange creature of iron muscles, always hurrying, daring, scheming, plotting, with never a moment's relaxation, day or night, eating or drinking, working or sleeping, in his office or in his home, going or coining in his yacht with wireless tower, his private car with telegraph office, his secretary always by his side, a telephone always at his bed. with no time to live, no time to love, with only time to light and kill and pile the spoils of war on high! The old baron who lived beneath those graceful minarets and walked behind these pikes felt his high responsibilities. He was the champion of his people against their enemies. He was their protector while he claimed to he their lord. But this strange new creature, who had begun to masquerade ir his ancient armour and steal his crests, who is he? Certainly he ac- ( knowledges no obligations to any people. Stuart was roused from his reverie by the passing of a powerfully built man who had been following him since ( he had first approached the Bivens ( pa'.ace. The keen eyes searched his face with piercing gaze and the lawyer ( smiled is he recognized in the stranger one of the private guards of which the modern masters of the world have felt the need. In the Middle Ages he stood watch on the ramparts of the baron's { castle?now he walks the block and ' lifts his finger to suspicious persons. In the old days he wore his armour on the outside and carried a spear. Now he wears a hidden coat of mail and carries concealed two automatic guns. The guard smiled In friendly recognition and Stuart knew that he was expected by the servants of the great man. The sentinel was an Italian. Blvens, the son of a poor white man of the south, whom even negroes once pitied, had recruited his palace guard from the children of the Caesars. Could any fact more loudly proclaim the passing of the era of political fictions and the dawn of the age of materialism, the passing of the king who ruled by divine right and the coming of the reign of the huckster? Stuart was shown into the drawing room by a powdered flunky whose costume was designed by one of the court tailors of Europe. While awaiting the arrival of the mistress of the house he looked about the room with increasing amazement. He had expected to find that the authority of the artist-architect would yield at the door to the personal whims of the owner. He expected to find here a vulgar and extravagant taste, a vernal art without mind or genius. Instead he found the pei-for>?ir?n nf crane eteeance. auiet rich- , ness and surprising beauty, everywhere the overwhelming impression of conscious dignity and exhaustless reserve power. He ruhbed his eyes to see If he were dreaming, entranced with his surroundings. In spite of the tragedy It all meant to his own life he drank In its effects as a poet long exiled from his native land drinks in the beauty and glory of his home-coming. Somewhere in this world or another In the mists of eternity his soul had seen this before. The whole conception of the thing was noble and it had been nobly and beautifully executed. The artist who wrought his vision thus in matter had sung for Joy In its creation and the joyous beat of his heart throbbed in the rhythm of every exquisite line. He began to realize for the first time the triumph of the woman who had bartered him for gold. His eyes rested on a life-size portrait of Nan done by the" foremoST" fcrtfaf Of Europe. It filled the entire space above the great mantel reaching to the ceiling and so skillfully had it been set In the massive panel one seemed to be looking through an opening into another room? the figure was not a picture but the living woman about to extend her hand in friendly greeting to her guests. (To Be Continued.) OATH OF HIPPOCRATES. It Has Long Been the Pattern of a Physician's Obligation. Hippocrates. styled through the ages the "father of medicine," was born on the Isle of Cos about 470 B. C. and lived over ninety years. He was the contemporary of Pericles. Socrates. Zenophon, Plato, Herodotus, Thueydldes. Phidias and many other illustrious men. Himself a descendant of Asclepios, he studied medicine under Oorgias and Democritus and also under that Herodlcus who first taught that systematic exercise was a cure for many ailments, j The oath of Hippocrates, long the ] pattern of a physician's obligation, ran us follows: j "I swear by Apollo, the physician, i and Asclepios, and I call Hygeia and t Panacela and all the gods to witness, ' thut to the best of my power and f judgment the solemn vow which I t now make I will honor as my father > the master who taught me the art of f medicine; his children I will consider as my brothers and teach them my profession without fee or reward. I will admit to my lectures and discourses my own sons, my master's sons and those pupils who have taken the medical oath, but no one ( else. I will prescribe such medicnes as may be the best suited to the ' cases of my patients, according to 1 the best of my knowledge, and no ? temptation shall ever induce me to administer poison. I will religiously maintain the purity of my charac- 1 ter and the honor of my art. Into | whatever house I enter I will enter | it with the sole view of relieving the t sick and conduct myself with propriety toward all the members of the family. If during my attendance I hear anything that should not be revealed 1 will keep it a profound secret. If 1 observe this oath may I have success in this life, and may I obtain general esteem after it; if I break it may the contrary be my lot."?Charles Winslow Hall in National Magazine. How the Wheels Go Round. A watch is such a very every-day affair, that few persons realize what a wonderful machine it is that is ticking in their vest pockets, whether it may have cost $100, or may have been purchased for $1. The complex and delicate mechanism is subjected to worse treatment than is ordinarilv civen a wagon. Persons who carefully oil sewing machines and heavy engines, 8 seem to expect a watch to run and keep perfect time, year after year, without a drop of oil, though the wheels of the larger machines do but a small fraction of the work performed by those of the watch. A simple statement of figures does not. ordinarily, carry much force, but some idea of what a running watch performs in the way of a wheel-revolution can be gained from the following: The main wheel makes 4 revolutions in 24 hours, or 1460 in a year. The second, or center, wheel, makes 24 revolutions in as many hours, and 7760 in a year. The third wheel, revolving 102 times in 24 hours, has registered 69,0X0 by the end of the year. The fourth wheel, which carries the second hand, must make 1440 revolutions in 24 hours, or f,2.r,.600 in a year, while the fifth, or scape-wheel, revolves 1 2.064 times in each 24 hours, making a yearly total of 4.728,400 revolutions. The number of beats or vibrations is 388,800 per 24 hours, or 141.812.000 in a year.?Chicago Tribune. pisffUanrous ^cailinfl. THE 3CHOOL BOOK ADOPTION. Governor Bloaso Makes Some More Remarks on the Subject. Governor Blease, says a dispatch to the Greenville News, on Tuesday afternoon gave out a statement on the text book adoption matter as follows in reply to a statement from tjie state superintendent of education, Mr. J. K. Swearingen, published Monday: : "I have seen Superintendent Swearingen's statement. j "I have no comment to make. He Is entitled to his opinion, and I have the highest regard for him; and, If rte is a candidate for re-election, he tias my best wishes for his success; 'or I think he Is conscientious and trying to do what he believes to be right. However, after a most care'ul and thorough investigation, I am latlsfied that the seven gentlemen who represented the state by appointment on this board (and who ii*e appointed by my predecessor) ire equally as conscientious and as lonorable gentlemen, and did what :hey believed was for the best Inter?j?t of the children of South Camilla. "I considered the changing of this poard. Certain newspapers were ery loud In their denunciation of me n contemplation of such action and moke in the verv highest and laud ible terms of these gentlemen, and t appeared from their ravings that lad I removed these gentlemen I vould have been subjected to the nost severe censure. ("Now, that the adoption Is over. iome of these same papers are criticising these gentlemen. If they can nake their position consistent, after >ublishing these contradictory statenents, all right, for it will only be n keeping with the easing of their conscience for their other falsehoods ind vituperation In which they have engaged. "On the morning of the beginning >f the book adoption. I was called iway from Columbia, and, therefore, vas not present at the adoption of he books on the morning of the first lay. Neither was I present when the rote was taken on the question raised by Superintendent Swearingen, hat each man record his vote on ach book. If I had been present I vould have voted for Mr. Swearlnren's plan; and. if any one Is interested enough to know, I will be deighted to state how I voted on each >ook that was adopted during my jresence. I think my record in the louse of representatives, and In the itate senate and In the governor's ofIce will Justify me In saying that I lave always been free and open in every act that I have ever committed tnd I have no apologies? to make to my man or set of men. I recognize 10 "boss" but the people, and when go before them, to them alone will [ give an account. "I refused on several occasions to tee book men. Notably in this class vere the agents of the American Book company, and I have been in'orroed that Mr. Pair, one of their -epresentatives, was rather severe in lis criticism of my not allowing him o see me and discuss his books with lim. When book men called, I defined to see them?stating to some o see Mr. Swearlngen; that he was itate superintendent of education, ind that the people had elected him o perform that d'lty and not me. As o Glnn & CO., guess Mr. Walker vill hardly say that I had any favors or them. The only agents with vhom T did have any conversation if consequence did not get even a look, except Prof. White. "As I have said before, my fight vas for southern books, and we idopted Whit's. Thompson's, Kilard's, Wallace's, Simms' and other touth Carolina authors. As to the tVheeler readers, while I was not iresent when they were adopted, hey are by a Kentuckian and many if the other books adopted were by louthern authors; and In my opinion iur people would rather pay a little nore and have their children taught he truth In southern books than to lay less and be taught books by Yankee authors, and taught to beleve that Iheir grandfathers and heir great-grandfathers, were tralor q to th^ir vstnftv "I regret that Superintendent twearlngen looks at the matter as he loes. "As for my part of It. Ignorant as [ was as to the needs of the children, [ did the hest I could. As for the lalance?T refer the people to Pro'essnr O'Drlseoll, Mr. Rice, Profesmr Daniels. Professor Rembert. Professor Toms. Professor Thackson and Senator Glenn. If this is a Please board, or if these gentlemen vere controlled by me, or If they are orrupt then lay all the blame on my ihoulders. and T will gladly carry It jntll the people of South Carolina jive the command. 'Lay It down.'" HIGHER PRICED COTTON. _ondon Thinks That the Limit Haa Not Been Reached. The following enlightening article >n the world's cotton situation Is furllshed to Daily Consular and Trade Reports by I'nlted States Consul Gen>ral John L. Griffiths. London: Since the financial depression in he I'nlted States in 1907 up to the >resent time the cotton situation, as ealized in Great Britain, has been >ne of perplexity and anxiety, due argely to the inadequate supply of aw material to keep pace with the greater mill capacity and with the ligher prices which have been necesiltated by the efforts on the part of nanufacturers to obtain sufficient aw material to carry on their mills. The number of cotton spindles In he world is estimated at 135,000.000, vhlch is an increase of at least 20,100.000 spindles since 1907. During he past ten years there has been &n ncrease of 10.400,000 spindles in the United Kingdom. 7.500,000 spindles n Continental Europe, and 1,155,000 ipindles in India. The Increase in the United States for the same period is stimated at about the same number is in the United Kingdom. The anlual potential consuming capacity of he world's spindles, if running on ull time, is placed at 22,500.000 >ales of 500 pounds. In 1908-9 there vere 6.000,000 less spindles and a onsumption of about 19,500,000 Miles. The production that year was jractlcally the same as the consumpion. In the following year, however, he production of cotton fell off by ibout 2,500,000 bales, while the pres nt season of 1910-11 can hardly proluce 1,000,000 bales in excess of the ireeeding season, which would be 4,>00,000 bales less than the potential onsumption. It is evident from this tit tin t ion that there is a shortage In lie supply of raw material, which remits in increased prices. Although he average price of cotton during 1909-10 was the highest for twentyive years it is thought that the averige price for 1910-11 will be at least wo cents per pound more. The net weight of cotton of all kinds luinufaeured in the United Kingdom luring 1909-10 was 1,555.136,820 louiuls. of tile product of this cot ton the exports in the form of yarns aggregated 194,425,800 pounds and cloths 5.722.328,000 yards. At the rate of seven yards of cloth to the pound of cotton there was a total export of 1,011,228 pounds. Disregarding the ordinary allowance of ten per cent for waste In spinning it will be seen that only 543,235,592 pounds of cotton were left for domestic use, which would Indicate that the per capita consumption of the United Kingdom, with its population of about 44,000,000 people, was about 12.07 pounds. This per capita consumption of the United States last year was 27.7 pounds of cotton, or more than double that of the United Kingdom. The year 1909 was a bad year in the British cotton trade, but 1910 showed perceptible improvement. Prices throughout the year were high but during the last few months there was a sufficient demand to keep spin ners well employed and to yield a profit to the manufacturer. The visible supplies of the different varieties of cotton on December 30. 1909 and 1910, respectively, Were as follows: American, 3,797,690 and 4,198,790 bales: East Indian, 211,520 and 188,060 bales; Egyptian, 320,310 and 440,420 bales; and oth65,400 and 52,260 bales, making a total of 4,394,920 bales In 1909 and 4,879,530 bales In 1910. There was a scarcity In 1910 of American, Egyptian, and of all other kinds of cotton except East Indian. Although there was a record supply from India of 5,250,000 bales, the aggregate cotton production of the world was smaller than in any year since 1905. The Egyptian crop of 1909-10 was small and was marketed at high prices. The total crop Is placed at 475,073,340 pounds, against 641,357,635 pounds and 687.293,555 pounds respectively, in the two previous seasons. This season's Egyptian crop, however, promises to be unusually large. The,crop of 1909-10 was the smallest In fifteen years. The most disturbing feature In the cotton trade In the United Kingdom in 1910 was the losses sustained by Pritlsh Importers through the fraudulent dealings of a firm of Alabama cotton shippers who had issued and drawn for large amounts against spurious bills of lading. A determiner! effort has since been made to Dro vide some means by which the British purchaser of cotton may be protected against such an Imposition. The British Cotton Growing association is constantly seeking fresh sources of cotton supply, and it is believed that the output in Egypt can be greatly Increased. However, with all the effort expended by the association, the results up to this time have been disappointing and for many years to come England will still be compelled to look to the United States for the greater portion of its supply of raw cotton. In 1910 deputations from many countries urged the British authorities to encourage the cultivation of cotton in India, because East Indian cotton is said to be well adapted to standards. The British Cotton Growing association is endeavoring to raise $2,433,250 to increase the production of cotton in different parts of the empire. The British cotton operatives have contributed to this sum $48,665, and expect to Increase their contribution. The government has also promised to contribute $48,665, a year for three years to the association. India seems to be the country upon which British hopes are largely centered, and it is predicted that before long that country may be able to furnish 10,000.000 bales. This, of course, is largely speculative. One of the leading manufacturers In Manchester, in speaking of the nsAonnnla fnr tho nnttnn trnHo lit thu close of 1910. said: Today producers In yarn and cloth are well sold and are so fortified with contracts that spinners and manufacturers can hold out for full quotations. The margin today is wider than for some time back. The piece goods trade at the beginning of 1911 has shown renewed signs of activity and it would appear that dealers abroad are in the mood to operate extensively even at current high values. Undoubtedly the foreign outlets are healthy and the prospects are brighter than for some years. The American spinning section is also doing better and the outlook is not discouraging. Egyptian yarns, too. do not look badly, owing partly to a big cotton crop. Speaking broadly, the year has commenced well, and though the production in cloth and yarn is larger today than ever before it may be expected that 1911 wll be distinctly better as a whole than the preceding twelve months. A feature is the comparative scarcity of operative weavers. It is estimated that in 1910 about 3,000 weavers, etc., emigrated to the United States. Sir Edward Grey, secretary of state for foreign affairs, in a brief address to the committee of the International ' ederation, November 21, 1910, said, with regard to the world-wide Importance of the cotton industry and the necessity for a constant supply of raw material: The cotton industry is indeed one of the greatest industries in the world; great in size and importance; great, I think, from whatever point of view you look at It. T suppose you may measure the worth of an industry In the first place by the value of its product to mankind. The product of the cotton Industry, we are sometimes told by people who have had experience of uncivilized countries, is a token of civilization; a demand for cotton goods is one of the first signs of civilization. It would be going too far to say that this demand Is the ultimate end and object of civilization. Put this, at least, is true. No nation and no people has yet reached such a point of civilization or such a stage of development of any kind as to have outgrown the use of the products of the cotton Industry. In the next place, one may look at the industry from the effect it has on the characI ter and social development of those who engage in it. In no center of great industry has the development of character and social progress been greater than in those districts which are connected with the cotton industry. It is so In our country; I believe It Is so in every country. The Industry has outgrown the production of the raw material. Fourteen Fly Pointers. 1. Keep the flies away from the sick, especially those ill with contagious diseases. Kill every fly that strays into the sick room. His body is covered with disease germs. 2. Do not allow decaying material of any sort to accumuate on or near your premises. 3. All refuse which tends In any way to fermentation, such as bedding straw, paper waste and vegetable matter should be disposed of or covered with lime or kerosene. 4. Screen all food. 5. Keep all receptacles for garbage covered and the cans cleaned or sprinkled with oil or lime. 6. Keep all stable manure In covered vault or pit, or use phosphate rock freely as an absorbent. 7. See that your sewerage system !o tit wn/wl nrrlpr ft. Pour kerosene Into the drains. 9. Cover fond after a meal: burn or bury all table refuse. 1?. Screen all food exposed for sale. 11. Screen all windows and doors, especially the kitchen and diningroom. 12. Burn pyrethrnm powder in the house to kill the flies. 12. Don't forget, if you see flies, that their breeding-place is in nearby filth. It may. be behind the door, under the table or in the cuspidor. 14. If there is no dirt and tilth, (there will be no flies.?Selected. LESS0N8 FROM THE ORIENT. Education and Machinery Greatest Advantage of Ocoident. It Is the wise man who knows how to profit by the mistakes of others, and with that thought In view Mr. Clarence Poe contributes to the World's Work for July a most illuminating article. In which he undertakes to summarize the results of the Inj vestlgatlons which he made during the extended tour of the Orient from which he has just returned. There Is much that we of the Occident may learn from the older civllizatlonfl of the east, thinks Mr. Poe, much by way of example, much more, perhaps, by way of warning. It Is to a lesson of the latter sort that the reader's attention Is first directed. Mr. Poe tells of a trip which he made through the country north of Peking, where he found river-valley after river-valley, "once rich and productive but now become an abomination of desolation?covered with countless tons of sand and stone brought down from the treeless mountainsides." Rivers upon whose bosoms a rich traffic once moved, which were spanned with splendid bridges, their hanks lined with thriving towns and busy cities, are now dribbling streamlets or sandbeds In the dry season and raging torrents In the wet. At N'ankou Pass numbers of quaint Mongolian horses and awkward camels and donkeys were seen by Mr. Poe, bearing homeward little bags of coal "dearly bought fuel to be sparingly used through the long winter's cold in quantities Just large enough to cook the meagre meals, or In extreme weather to keep the poor peasants from freezing." Yet the mountain slopes, too steep for cultivation, would utlfh u/loo ottpntlnn tn tree growth, fuel for thousands and tens of thousands, besides affording protection against devastating floods. But If the Oriental has been neglectful of the conservation of natural resources, he has nevertheless a very keen appreciation of the value of the wealth of the Indivdual, and wastefulness is looked upon as essentially immoral. Mr. Poe tells a story of Iyeyasu, founder of the Tokugawa dynasty, illustrative of this truth. "When virtual dictator of Japan," he says, "Iyeyasu was seen smoothing out an old silk kakama. 'I was doing this,' he said, 'not because of the worth of the garment in itself, but because of what it needed to produce it. It is the result of the toll of some poor woman, and that Is why I value it. If we do not think while using these things of the toll and effort required to produce them, then our want of consideration puts us on a level with ine beasts.' " Mr. Poe finds In Japan a "horrible example" of the evils of militarism, the average Japanese citizen paying thirty per cent of his total income in taxes, most of which goes for the payment of the empire's war debt and for military preparations He urges most earnestly the Importance of relieving the nations from the terrible burdens under which they are now staggering because as yet "we are living in the days of anarchy." "Still more Important, however, In Mr. Poe's opinion, is the conservation of our physical stamina and racial strength. "The Chinaman of today," he savs! "Is giving up opium, is al most free from other forms of Intemperance, Is afire with a new enthusiasm for athletics and for athletic training; and he is already so physically fit and adaptable that I found him as hardy and un untiringly energetic beneath an equatorial sun in Singapore as in the rigorous climate of north-central Manchuria. It made me wonder if the 'meek who are to Inherit the earth' in the end may not prove to be the Chinese!" Similar conditions were remarked by Mr. Poe In Japan, where, also there is no race suicide. Mr. Poe soon observing that "it looked almost as unnatural to see a woman between twenty and forty without a baby on her back as it would be to see a camel without a hump." Mr. Poe quotes and accepts as authoritative the statement of Mr. Putnam Weale in his new book, "The Conflict of Color," that whereas the races double in eighty years, the yellow or brown double In sixty, and the black In forty. We were struck with this statement at the time Mr. Weale's book appeared last fall, and remarked upon It, but we found ourselves unable to accept Mr. Weale's rather sweeping deductions and we did not consider that he exercised a proper diligence in establishing the verity of his often startling declarations. Mr. Poe, however thinks that such a conflict as Mr. VVeale has predicted is by no means unlikely, and perhaps the most Interesting portion of his article is that devoted to a consideration di lllP qualities mai nave given me white race leadership thus far," arid the steps which should be taken for their conservation. Passing by with casual mention such fundamental reasons for white supremacy as "the tonic air of Democratic ideals in which long generations of white men have lived and developed as contrasted with the stifling absolutism of the east." the superiority of the white man's religion and "our emphasis upon the worth of the individual, our conception of the sacredness of personality, as compared with the Oriental lack of concern for the individual In the supreme regard for the family and the state" Mr .Poe proceeds to an enlightening discussion of certain of the economic causes which have contributed to the greater prosperity and power of the Occidental peoples. The average rate of wages'in China and Japan, we are told, is about 18 cents the day. In India It is less. Linotype operators in Toklo are paid 45 cents the day. policemen 40 cents. In Southern India unskilled laborers are paid from 8 to 12 cents the day. Yet even at such low figures as these, "there is a savage struggle for employment; men work longer hours than in America, nd their tasks are often heart-sickening in their heaviness." Mr. Poe rejects the theory that such poverty Is to be explained through the congestion of population. "England, he urges, "thickly populated as it is now, is more prosperous and pays labor better than it did when it had one-tenth the present number of people; the same thing is true of Germany; and America pays labor better now that we have ninety million people than we did when we had thirty million." Here are Mr. Poe's own conclusions: "We must find the real cause of Asia's poverty, in my opinion, in Just two things; the failure of the Asiatic governments to educate their people, and the failure of the people to increase their productive capacity by the use of machinery. In China only 1 per cent of the people can now read and write, and the highest hope of the government is that five per cent may be literate by 1917. In India only five per cent can read and write. In Japan for centuries past the education of the common man has also been neglected, and although Japan is now compelling every child to go Into the schools?an enforcement that will doubtless revolutionize Its Industrial system?we are concerned only with conditions as they exist at present. And this general study can lead to but one conclusion; that Ignorance and hack of machinery are responsible for Asia's poverty: that knowledge and modern tools are responsible for America's prosperity." Mr. Poe goes on to give Illustrations. "If Asia had a Panama Canal to dig, she would dig it with picks, hoes and spades, and carry the earth in buckets. Nothing but human bone and sinew would he employed, and the laborers would be paid little, because without tools and knowledge they must always earn little. But America puts brain, science, steam, electricity, machinery, into the Big Ditch?tools and knowledge. In other words?and she pays good wages because a man thus equipped does the work of ten men whose only force Is the force of muscle.*' The land Is tilled with one-handled plows, or else with hoes. There are no saw mills, no pumps, no drays. Everything Is done In the slowest and most laborious ways conceivable, with the result that "Asia has not doubled a mar's chances for work, but has more than halved the pay he gets for that work." "A man," as Mr. Poe wisely observes, "must get his proportion of the common wealth, and If the masses are shackled by ignorance and poor tools, they produce little; and each man's share, no matter what his line of work Is or how industrious he Is personally, must Inevitably be small. Suppose you are a merchant, what sort of trade could you hope for among a people who earn ten cents a day? the head of a family getting half enough to buy a second-rate meal In a slum restaurant? Or If you are a banker, what sort of trade could you get among such a people? Or If a railroad man. how much traffic? Or ii a manufacturer, now mucn nusiness?" Mr. Poe urges therefore that American* learn well and practice diligently this final lesson taught us by the Orient, "the necessity of conserving In the fullest degree all the qualities that have given us industrial supremacy?the power of the trained brain and cunning hand re-lnforced by all the magic strength that we may get from modern machinery." Education. and education for efficiency. Is essential. The Orient Is realizng this, and we must press onward. Mr. Poe. well known throughout South Carolina as the editor and proprietor of the Progressive Parmer, published at Raleigh. Is a patient Investigator and a shrewd observer. He has told, and told well, a story which should have a large and permanent value for those to whom It is addressed. and especially for the people of the south. He shows us ourselves, and In perspective.?News and Courier. A CHARLESTON MIDGET. Negro Child May Be Smallest Person In the World. About nineteen Inches in height, two and a half years old. weighing exactly eight pounds, and particularly strong and bright for a child of her age, Frankle May Fordham, a little negress living with her parents at No. 7 Heyward's court, Is believed to be about the smallest person In the world, with perhaps one or two exceptions. The child is a veritable marvel. She was born in February, 1909, being the fourth child of Henry and Kate Fordham, the husband being a Navy Yard employee. The first three children, iuKa tk'uru horn o tt?o/rnm Cho rlaoton as the family has been here only about a year, are hearty and full sized; but it is the baby that is the wonder of the family. The child Is not a deformity, but is probably one of the most perfectly-formed negro children in the city. Nothing was known generally of the midget's existence until yesterday as efforts have been made by the parents to keep the fact of her diminutive size secret, as they feared kidnapping; but a reporter, having received a mysterious "tip" in the form of an unsigned pencil-written letter, visited the house last night and marvelled at many things which he saw. He was met by the husband at the front door of the house, which is a neat two-story affair, and was ushered Into the bedroom, where the mother had the little girl in her night gown, just ready to put her to bed. As the reporter entered the room, the child, catching sight of the father exclaimed, In a sweet and childish voice, with perfect enunciation; UaIU nonn " , nci IV, pa pa. The reporter glanced to. see who It was talking and really had trouble in locating the owner of the voice, finally espying the tiny tot on the floor. She was playing around In high glee at the prospect of staying up a few minutes later than her regular bedtime, and danced and sung at a great rate; showing unusual precocity for a child of her ago. Her eyes which are dark brown, are exceptionally clear and piercing, and her hair is silky and rather long, absolutely unlike a negro's. Yet. she Is very dark, and had many of the racial characteristics. The child weighed five pounds at birth, and gained three pounds during the first six months of her life. Since that time she has not taken on an ounce, and several well-known doctors who have examined her, according to the parents, have stated that she will never gain another inch in height or another three pounds in weight. Her parents have reconciled themselves to this, and lavish their affection on the little girl, who is certain to make a friend of everyone she meets. She dances prettily, looks intelligent and talks fluently, being able to string words together into short sentences already. The parents state that they have already received many offers from vaudeville and side-show managers, some having already offered as much as fifty dollars a week and transportation for the mother under a fiveyear contract; but all of these ofTers tht parents have turned down, hoping for the ultimate development of their little one to her full stature, although they have now become most sure that their hope Is vain. The father will keep and educate the child until it reaches the age of seven or eight years at least, before thinking of any vaudeville departure.?News and Courier. PEANUTS INSTEAD OF COTTON. Hundreds of Thousands of Acres Planted In the Boll Weevil District. Certain sections of the south have found it practically impossible, owing to the ravages of the boll weevil, to raise cotton for the past few years. A Mississippi man, writing to the Manufacturer's Record, says that his county will have produced this year Just coming to a close possibly 3,500 bales of cotton compared with 25,889 bales three years ago. "Last year," writes the correspondent, "I took it upon myself to Investigate the raising of peanuts as a substitute for cotton. My associates and myself began a public advocacy of the peanut, and we succeeded In having about 2,500 acres of them planted in this section last year. The results were so good that I was called upon to go to many points in the boll weevil stricken districts to tell them about the peanut. "The result of these visits is that it Is variously estimated that there will be anywhere from 100,000 to 150,000 acres planted in the white Spanish peanut in this state alone, the the coming season. And Louisiana, which last year had something like 30,000 acres under the crop, will increase her acreage the coming season to fully 100,000 acres. "That the peanut Is a money crop is now no longer a doubt, and it will always be a fixture on the farms in this state and Louisiana. It is found that the hay made from the peanut vines is more nutritious than timothy, and also that the hay will more than pay all expenses Incurred in making the crop. "It has been proved through my own experiments that the oil from the peanut Is of a very much higher grade than cotton oil, and hence it is not at all a question of finding a market for the oil, but to get a sufficient supply of the raw material from which to make the oil. The market Is ready and waiting."