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* .f.-VK'- . ORKVILLE ENQUIRER. ISSUED SEKX'WEEELT. 1.1 QRISTS SON^ Pnbiiihen. { % 4amilS ffwsgastr: Jfor th< gromotion of (h< golitttal', JSocial. Sflriaa?ai;al and (Eomn?ti|tial Jnltrtsts of th< {Tt"?oS^.enri' ^rBLI8HED l855. ' " YOBKVILLE, 8. C., FRIDA^. FEBRUARY 4, 191Q. JJO. 10. I ""I I [ Synopsis of Procoding Chapters. Chapter I?Judith Bartelmy, society woman, goes to the office of the Daily Advance to protest against a story which had severely criticised her father, a Judge of the United States court. She discovers that the author of the article was Wheeler Brand, a brilliant young writer whom she had promised to marry. He refuses to cease attacking her father. II?Judith discards her engagement ring. Dupuy, a lawyer, representing big advertisers, calls and demands Brand's discharge, as his clients are friends of Judge Bartelmy. Ill?Brand is discharged by the managing editor, for the paper, long owned by an Insurance company, had been friendly to corporations. Michael Nolan, who buys the paper, comes in the office and finds Dupuy to be an old enemy of his. IV?Nolan calls for Brand and makes him managing editor. V?Brand tells Nolan and his socially ambitious family that the dishonest Judge, Bartelmy, and his unsuspecting J. tin uaufiiici nave la&cu uiciu uy owicuij 86 as to try to induce Nolan not to attack the judge in his newspaper. VI? Dupuy aids Bartelmy in endeavoring to have Brand and the Advance avoid attacking the judge regarding a tricky opinion he has rendered in the Lansing Iron case. "Every man has his price, even Brand," says Dupuy. VII?Nolan says if Brand will trap Bartelmy in the act of offering him a bribe to keep silent that the Advance will print the story in full. VIII?Bartelmy agrees to pay Brand $10,000 to keep quiet about the Lansing Iron case. IX.? Brand lays the trap for Bartelmy. X?Bartelmy arrives at the Advance office to pay Brand the $10,000. CHAPTER XI. Bartelmy, now that he had taken the final and extremely distasteful plunge and had come to the office of the Advance, waited for Brand to make the opening remarks about the particular object of his visit. Brand was waiting for the judge to do the same. It was the newspaper man who spoke first, after the two had seated themselves. He was anxious to get the matter over witn as quickly as possible, for he well knew tnat, in spite of all his precautions, affairs in a newspaper office are so. uncertain that an interruption of an unexpected nature might occur to ruin the entire plan. "Mr. Dupuy was here a short time ago," he ventured. Judge Bartelmy proceeded to explain the appearance of the lawyer lobbyist in the affair. While it was plain to Brand that the judge had sent Dupuy as a go-between so that it would be impossible to connect Bartelmy with the payment of any money as a bribe, the jurist did not propose to acknowledge that such had been his laudable purpose. He gave an entirely different reason. "Yes, I know," he said. "He found me at the opera with my daughter. I hoped, Mr. Brand, that by allowing me to act through him you would spare me this last humiliation." "Would It not be safer for you if no third party knew of your transaction with me?" suggested Brand. The judge pitied the colossal ignorance of this ameteur in trickery. Did not he know that in the superior spheres of crooked practices it became necessary to employ third persons on many occasions to put through matters of this sort? And he was a newspaper man of years of experience too. No, this peculiar young man would never finish supplying the judge with surprises; of that Bartelmy was positive. Perhaps it might be in order to observe at this point that, while Brand of course could not know that these thoughts were passing through his visitor's mind, he at the same time would have been ready to confess that he was going to provide several more surprises for the jurist. But there are different varieties of surprises. "Dupuy is in my confidence," the judge pronounced with an air of finality. "Hs's not in mine," responded the managing editor. "You're mistaken in him. I know him intimately." "Oh, the pity of it," exclaimed Brand, "that you should be intimately acquainted with such a man as Dupuy!" Bartelmy could not restrain a sarcastic smile at the editor's sneer at Dupuy. "Mr. Brand," he said quickly, "your moral reflections at this juncture impart a certain quaint humor to the situation." "I am afraid that is the trouble with me. My humor is nearly always unintentional." Brand sighed as though sorry for himself. The Judge began to show signs of nervousness. "Well, shall we get on with it?" the editor asked him. "Yes. I must rejoin my daughter. She's waiting for me at the opera. She was very anxious that I should not come here tonight. It was curious? her persistency in the matter." Brand drew his chair closer to the desk?closer to the telephone. "Let us get to business," he said. The judge went on talking about his daughter. "She displays an unusual. I should say an extraordinary, curiosity as to my mission here." he said. "My daughter would have made a great cross examiner if she had been a man." "We're wasting time. Judge." Now it was Brand who was becoming impatient. i "Am I to understand that the payment of this sum"?Bartelmy began. Brand raised his voice to a high pitch. "Ten thousand dollars!" he said. "Yea," agreed Bartelmy cautiously. "Am I to understand that it?ah? wipes out of your recollection not only Fourth Novelized by FREDERICK R. TOOMBS From the Great Play of the Same Name by Joseph Medill Patterson and .Harriet Ford. 0 0 COPYRIGHT. 1999. BY JOSEPB MEDILL PATTERSON AND ARRIET FORD. the Incident of which you were apeakin*, but also as to"? He paused. Brand helped the would be briber to complete his sentence. "You mean your secret Interview last night with Dupuy and the attorney for the Lansing"? "The visitor raised his hand warningly at Brand's loud tones, as though to counsel caution. "Yes, yes." "Lansing Iron corporation " continued Brand, bending close to the telephone. "Yes. Will this sum. paid in hand, induce you to forget?ah?not only that incident, but also various other matters to which the Advance seems to have taken exception in the past " [ Brand sank back in his chair. "You mean you want us to let up on you all around?" mi 44IT 18 A PICTURE OF YOU IV "Precisely." "Then that's understood." "You will make a memorandum for me in writing to that effect?a receipt, so to speak?" He pushed a pad toward the managing editor. "All right?certainly," agreed Brand, taking up a pen. The Judge began to congratulate himself on the ease with which he waff handling the young man. "This is?ah?more businesslike," he said. But Brand gave him another shock when he said: "Yes: I'll draw it up in duplicate. Each of us will keep a copy?signed." "Ah?ha?ha!" The Jurist leaned back and laughed. "You're a clever lad, Brand. Well, well; youth will be served!" He pushed the pad away. Brand glanced at the clock fixed i? the wall opposite him. "It's getting late, judge," he warned. Bartelmy reached Into the inside pocket of his evening dress coat and extracted an oblong package. Slipping off a rubber band that encircled it, he unwrapped the yellow paper and laid before him on the managing editor's desk a neat stack of crisp new bank bills, all of the $500 denomination. Bartelmy started to count the money, but he desisted and pushed the bills over toward Brand. "Count it," he said. "You count it." The judge leaned forward and began the task. His head was within four or five inches of the mouthpiece of the telephone. He picked up the bills, one at a time, and as he counted them he laid them In another pile. "Five hundred," he said?"one thousand, fifteen?two thousand, twentyfive?three thousand, thirty-five?four thousand, forty-five?five thousand. There is half or it," he remarked. "Yes; that's $5,000," assented Brand. "Six thousand," said the judge, continuing with his task?"seven thousaid. seventy-five?eight thousand." "Eight thousand dollars," agreed Brand. "Nine thousand." counted the judge. "Nine thousand dollars," said Brand. mon thousand dollars." the iudire counted. "Is that correct" he queried of the editor. "Ten thousand dollars, correct," was the reply. "That will wipe the slate clean between us." Brand held out his hand to take the money. The judge picked up the pile of bills, compressed them with his hands and extended the money across the desk. "Take it. Brand," he said. As the false judge said these words and stood with the money in his hands and held it out to the editor a loud ex plosion thrilled every nerve fiber in his body. A blinding glare of light filled the room, and the air was filled with the choking gaseous fumes of the smoke of the powder used by photographers in making flashlights. A pang of terror shot through the craven heart of the would be briber. . He started back in his alarm, his eyes almost blinded by the unexpected flood | of light that had subsided as quickly { as it had come. "My God! What is that?" he cried, rubbing the back of one of his hands t across his eyes. Wheeler Brand, who had risen in his place at his desk when the judge had finished counting the money, set his face into hard, unyielding lines as tne judge besought him to speak, to ex- . plain. He had won. He had completely at his mercy this cold, crafty ? 1 t V 1 W I STRIPES, JUDGE BARTELMY." r - 1 betrayer of the public trust he had * sworn to hold sacred. And it was with unmistakable triumph in his voice that c he gave the reply that was to be im- * printed on the brain of the false judge s as long as he was to live?a reply that would haunt him while awake and awake him when he slept: "It is a picture of you in stripes, * Judge Bartelmy," he announced. ' The judge, realizing that he had . . d been tricked?that he had been pnoto- graphed in the very act of handling ? bribe money to the managing editor of * the Advance?displayed rare presence 1 of mind for a man whose complete e social and professional ruin had be- * come suddenly imminent. He rushed v across the room at the point where 1 the flash occurred, hoping to obtain 1 hold of the camera and destroy the 8 plate. Owing to the pall of smoke he 9 had been unable to see Just in what * manner the camera had been arranged. r But when he reached the side of the * room there was no camera to be seen, * only a round hole extended through the partition into the next room and * from which the camera had been re- * r "You count the money. .fudge." moved. He stood and gazed In dismay. He knew now that he was at the mercy of Brand and the Advance to a degree that he hardly dared to estimate. He turned around and walked back to the desk. Brand was still standing in his place, looking fixedly at the judge. Barteliny was not beaten yet. He knew that he would not be beaten until the Advance appeared in the streets spreading forth to all the world the story of his shame. Shaking from head to foot in his rage, he pounded the desk and cried out: "You have gone to all your trouble for nothing. I am going direct to Mr. Nolan's house, and in less than an hour you will receive orders to kill that story?that dastardly pack of lies you want to print!" Brand smiled calmly. He gathered the $10,000 in bills, which lay scattered on the desk where Bartelmy had thrown them when he dashed for the camera. "I'll keep these as evidence," he said. "When they have served their purpose we will return them to you, or maybe we will send them to the minority stockholders in the Lansing Iron company. That's who the money probably belongs to." Bartelmy accepted the situation with stoical composure for the time. He saw that he would have no chance In a hand to hand struggle with the young athletic editor for possession Of the money. Beside, he must see Nolan?must see him at once. That was the most Important matter to which he should now attend. He walked deliberately to the clodet and secured his hat and coat turned the key and went out of the door leading to the outer hall. As the Judge disappeared Wheeler Brand sank heavily into his chair. He spread his arms on his desk and .bowed his head between them until his cheek rested on the cool polished surface. "Judith, Judith!" he sobbed, and his body shook uncontrolledly as he wept for the girl he loved. To be Continued. BLACKBURN 8TORIE8. Two Good Ones Incorporated In the Stevenson Reminiscences. Adlal Stevenson, in his recent book, rives these two anecdotes of J. 8. C. Blackburn, the honey tongued orator )f Kentucky: Upon the occasion of the retirenent of the Rev. Dr. Butler from :he chaplaincy of the senate?a posi:ion he had filled most acceptably for many years?many of the senators ipoke regretfully of his retirement. The speech of Mr. Blackburn, for jeauty of expression and pathetic eloluence, was unrivaled. He spoke most tenderly of the faithfulness of :he venerable man of God; how for ong years he had gone in and out jefore us; of his daily walk and conversation; how, like the Blessed Maa:er, his only thought was of doing food; of how he had often Invoked he divine blessing upon us and our oved ones, and lifted us, as it were, n his arms up to the very throne >f grace. The orator seemed Inspired, is though his lips were indeed touch' >d with a live coal from the altar. The counterpart of the scene that 'ollowed his closing words had never >een witnessed in legislative assem-i >ly. All were in tears. It was evev* laid that venerable senators, who had tever shed a tear since the rattficalon of the treaty of Ghent, actually lobbed aloud and refused to be comorted. At length, amid silence that :ould be felt, an adjournment was iflfected and the senators passed sady out to their homes. As he passed he chair, Senator Vest, in an underone, remarked to the vice president, 'Jo never saw him!" The next day in the absence of his iuccessor, "the blind chaplain," Docor Butler again and for the last ime officiated, simply repeating in a nanner most solemn and impressive he Lord's Prayer. At its conclusion, Senator Blackburn, who had been a nost attentive listener, came forward o the desk and remarked to Vice 'resident Stevenson: "I tell you, sir, I like that new ihaplain of ours. What a splendid >rayer! There is something original ibout that man." Thirty years and more ago, when Irst a candidate for congress, Mr. Blackburn attended a public execulon, in common parlance "a hangng," in one of the counties of his listrict. Being a gentleman of great listincuon ana a candidate ior congress, he was appropriately invited >y the sheriff to occupy a seat with he prisoner and his spiritual advisr upon the gallows. At the near ap>roach of the fatal hour the sheriff dth watch in hand, amid the sea of tpturned faces, stated to the prisoner hat he had yet five minutes to live, ind it was his privilege, if he so delred, to address the audience. The >rlsoner meekly replied that he did lot wish to speak. Whereupon Mr. JIackburn, stepping promptly to the ront of the scaffold, said: "As the gentleman does not wish o speak, if he will kindly yield me lis time, I will take this occasion to emark that I am a candidate for ongress, regularly nominated by the )emocratic convention," etc. This incident being told in the iresence of Mr. Marshall, the opposng candidate, the latter remarked hat he remembered it well and ould vouch for its truth. He then dded that when Mr. Blackburn prolosed to speak out the prisoner's ime the latter turned to the sheriff .nd inquired who that was. To which he officer replied, "Captain Blackiurn." At this the prisoner, who had .mid all the exciting scenes of his irrest and trial and even up to the iresent moment, with his coffin beilde him, displayed marvelous foritude, suddenly exhibiting deep emoion, piteously exclaimed: "Please lang me first and let him speak aferward." Hardness of Icebergs. The hardness and strength of ice ncreases with the degrees of cold, and is icebergs come from the region or erpetual cold of an intensity difficult 0 realize it is readily seen how they an become "demons of destruction." ?he hardness of icebergs is something vonderful, even surpassing that of the 'land ice" reported from St. Peters>urg in 1740, wherein it is declared hat "in the severe winter of that year 1 house was built of ice taken from ho river Neva which was fifty feet ong, sixteen feet wide and twenty eet high, and the walls supported the oof, which was also of ice. Before it tood two ice mortars and six Ice canions made on a turning lathe, with carriages and wheels also of ice. The :annon were of the caliber of six jounders, but they were loaded only vith one-quarter pound of powder md with hempballs?on one occasion vith iron. The thickness of the ice vas only four inches, and yet it reisted the explosion." Ice palaces have ilso been built in late years in this ountry and in Canada which have tood for weeks, so, then, how strong nust be the ice in masses hundreds of eet in thickness!?Pittsburg Press, nadeam id piswltontous grading. J08EPH a CANNON. 8tory of the Big Man Who Presidei Over Houee of Repreaentativee. This Is the beet abused public mar since the entire Republican party and 90 per cent of the Democratic party maligned, slandered, reviled Grovei Cleveland for protecting the public credit from dishonor. Grover Cleveland was elected president in 1892 because the Republican fifty-first congress was afraid to trust Ben Harrison with a free coinage law. The Sherman silver law, enacted by a congress Republican in both houses, and approved by a Republican president, was an assault on the public credit, and put the country on a silver basis, and it would have put the treasury on the silver bksis if anybody but Cleveland had been president But Cleveland preserved the public credit and got more abuse for it than any other president in our history, for he was assailed by both partlea Cannon is speaker of the house, and all he has done is to enforce the Reed rules. He has done nothing that Reed and Henderson did not do, and it is the system, and not the man, that the insurgents ought to assail. Nobody has dared ) say that old Joe is corrupt He has saved the American people too many millions for that. I venture to say that Joseph G. Cannon has saved to the treasury more than Ellhu B. Washburn, William S. Holman and Samuel J. Randall combined. He has always stood for economy, and those who saw how he fought to keep down expenditures have always wondered how It happened that the Flfty-flrst was a billion-dollar congress. Cannon first took his seat In congress In 1873, and except the term 1891-93 he has been a member of the national library, whereat and whereever since, a record that beats all others in our national history. Blaine was the speaker, Pig Iron Kelly the titular leader on the floor, though Garfield was the actual leader. Ben Butler was there with his force bill, and It was that congress John Young Brown, hurled at Ben Butler that terrific philippic that pierced even his rhinoceroclan hide. The bloody shirt was a-waving. The G. O. P. hated everything southern but the negro, and at that time the south was not yet emerged from carpetbag rule. Negroes were In congress with scalawags and carpetbaggers. Mr. Cannon was a bloody-shlrter of the most scarlet hue. Julius Caesar Burrows was another bloody-shlrter of a little more ornate speech. William I. Wilson used to say that Burrows kept his speeches under glass like waxwork to be brought out now and then for an airing. ? The morning of the November election in 1874 the country woke up astounded. The election had gone Democratic by overwhelming majorities. Samuel J. Tilden was chosen governor of New York and the new congress had more than three score Democratic majority, the first Democratic congress to sit in Washington since March 4, 1859. Above all old Beast Butler was beaten for re-election in Massachuetts. And then It was that the G. O. P. proposed to make it Illegal to elect a Democratic congress, and so Ben Butler, at the last session of the Fortythird congress, pressed his force bill. Randall of Pennsylvania, Beck of Kentucky, and Lamar of Mississippi led the filibuster and it was one of the hottest and longest parliamentary battles In our political history. When they supposed they were beaten, a hint from Blaine, the speaker, taught them how to renew the fight and keep It up until March 4 and then old Butler abandoned the bill with a Parthian shot at Blaine that went true to the mark. Now Blaine did not care a rap for the south; but he knew that with that force bill the law, Grant would be absolute master of the Republican party, and he further knew that Grant would never allow the nomination of James G. Blaine to succeed him In the White House. Had Grant been his friend, Blaine would have secured the passage of that force bill. But what a piece of folly It would have been. Every southern state that had been a party to the Confederacy would have held a convention and proclaimed that they preferred bayonet rule to negro rule, carpetbag and scalawag rule, and the bayonet would have been authorized. The business north would have stood for that about fifteen minutes, and in the succeeding congress there would not have been enough Republican members to demand the yeas and nays. * * During that entire period Uncle Cannon was a bloody-shirter of the J fiercest sect, and even as late as 1890, he supported with all his might the force bill of Henry Cabot Lodge that was designed to make Mississippi a Republican state. In those days he not only thought It possible to subject the whites of the south to negro rule, but he held it desirable to accomplish this. In this connection I shall call attention to the latest rebel outrage. It seems that the song "Dixie" has been pronounced the most popular In the Union by the song bureau of the national library, whereat and whereupon sundry grand army posts at the north have taken action and denounced this obsession of the public taste as altogether treasonable In every particular. * The Forty-fourth, Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth congresses were Democratic, but by the narrowest of majorities the Forty-seventh was Republican. There were numerous candidates for speaker, Frank Hitchcock being the logical one. Reed was a candidate, Burrows was a candidate, and some votes were cast for Uncle Joe Canon, though he was not a candidate in a serious sense. Mr. Keifer of Ohio was elected, mainly through the efforts of Page of California, and Hazelton of Wisconsin. By this time Uncle Joe had proved himself a valuable member of the house. Then as now ne was no orator, but he is endowed with an abundance of strong, sterling common sense, a will of iron and a courage, moral and physical, to face the devil. Add to these a sturdy honesty and a J determination to appropriate no mon- I ey except for public purposes only; that was Joe Canon In the Forty-sev. enth congress, and that Is the Joe Cannon of today. The Forty-eighth, Forty-ninth and Fiftieth congresses were Democratic. You see In those 1 days the Democratic party was Democratic, and had the art of gaining ' victories, an art it lost whem it ceased to be a Democrat In 1894. But the Fifty-first congress was Republican by three or four majority. Reed and McKlnley were the leading candidates for speaker. Reed beat McKlnley because ho wo a an Inflnftalv a hi nr man HnH I McKinley been, Speaker Reed would I have been chairman of ways and means. He would have made the tariff and he would have been elected president in 1896. There would have been no Spanish war and no acquisition of the Philippines. McKinley was bullied in to the war with Spain. It was Impossible to bully Reed. In this connection I want to say as a Democrat that the course of the Democrats in both houses of congress just before the declaration of war with Spain was the s'ublimest piece of idiocy in all the annals of asshood. They forced that inglorious war, and established the Republican party in power indefinitely. * Reed appointed Uncle Joe chairman or appropriations, ana men rurnea enough Democrats out of congress to give him a working majority under his rule to count a quorum. At the succeeding election in 1890 the Democrats < gained the greatest and completest victory ever obtained in our history. The Democratic majority in the house was more than twice the entire Republican < membership of eighty-eight, and for the only time in thirty-eight years Uncle Cannon was elected to stay at home. Thus the Democratic party had the world in a basket, and in 1892 they swept the country and put Grover i Cleveland in the White House. All they had to do to retain their power indefinitely was to follow their leader, I but that they would not do. They revolted, set up Bland and Bryan, and < when they led the party into the pit, < 90 per cent of the Democrats cussed i Cleveland for their misfortunes. Had < they followed the counsel of Cleveland I and beem overtaken by disaster there ' would have been some sense In abus- i ing the Democratic president. However, it is all right now, Mr. 1 Bryan denounced Mr. Cleveland as a ] bunko-steerer, and yet the convention 1 that nominated Mr. Bryan in 1908 was i reduced to the necessity of eulogizing > Grover Cleveland. Sometimes it is a I good thing to set a dish of leeks before ] a great man. It disciplines his appe- i tite. * * ] Thomas B. Reed was as proud as 1 Lucifer. He was conscious of his im- 1 mense superiority, mentally and mor- < ally, to McKinley and he was wound- < ed to the vitals when the party pre- j ferred McKinley to him. Later he opposed the Spanish war and the acqui- i sition of the Philippines, and when t he saw his party was determined on < the policy of expansion, he resigned t from congress. In my little way I t urged the Democrats to nominate Tom i Reed for president in 1900, and if they < had discovered the sagacity to do so, t he would have been elected. ^ When Reed left congress there were i several candidates for his shoes. Dave l Henderson, the poorest equipped man for the place who ever held it, got it. i He got it because Uncle Joe Cannon ? had opposed the oleomargarine bill, j next to the ship subsidy the most in- ] famous bill of an economic nature that i congress ever considered. A Mr. Hop- ? kins, now happily a statesman out of c a Job, represented the Elgin, 111., dis- t trict, and he became a candidate not for speaker, exactly, but to beat Uncle l Joe, and he did. ' But when Henderson retired from t congress, all eyes turned to Uncle Joe \ and he is now serving his fourth con- t secutive term, an honor that came to j but one other, Mr. Stevenson of Vir- t grinia, who resigned during his'fourth * ? ? Krt mlnlatar f A TJ!n IT. . lerin txo opcaivci iu uc muuoioi w U..D land. Henry Clay served longer than any other speaker, but not continuously. As was the case with Cleveland the wave of personal abuse that threatens to engulf Uncle Joe will recede, and his popularity will be greater than ever. He is honest. That is universally admitted. He Is an exceptionally strong personality. He is brave and a fighter, and has rendered the state some service. As for the insurgents, why don't they insurge? Horace Greelley insurged; so did Carl Schurz.?Lawyer's. SPAIN'S RICH CITY. Few In America Realize the Industrial Wealth of Barcelona. It is not surprising that, if Spain, always more or less agitated by internal dl'-mtio"-, should have serious troubles, they should centre in Barcelona, says a writer in Lesslie's. The chief seaport of the nation is here, the greatest industries are here, and here congregate in great numbers those grades of society which ara gen erally opposed to any organized government. Here one finds the richest c and the poorest?both disturbing ele- \ ments, but for different reasons?one r complaining of unequal taxation and r the other of the restraints which the q government places upon license. ^ Few people In America realize the j industrial wealth of Barcelona or how f much she patronizes us for raw ma- a terlal. Over 125,000 people are em- t ployed there In the cotton industry i alone, and the exports of this work amount to at least $75,000,000 annual- t ly. A large amount of the raw cotton d used is purchased in the United States " and shipped from Galveston, Tex. So, r after all, America Is more or less In- v terested in this section of Spain. Liv- g ing Is cheaper there than In any other city in Spain. Rents are marvelously low, and I saw a flat of fifteen rooms, a with all modern appliances, on the e Fifth avenue of the city, for which, c the occupant paid $45 per month. Indeed, a very excellent apartment of c ten rooms can be obtained for $25. r Labor, however, is correspondingly c low, and the working class enjoys few r luxuries. The Catalan works with an unceasing energy which rather startles c the laborer of other parts of Alfonso's s country. Although he listens to agi- v tators, ne is orten quicK 10 ininK ior . himself, and he fights for what he considers his rights with the same energy, a and the government at Madrid will do t wall to heed the cry of this restless hild before It Is too late, for that cry Is already finding an echo in northern " Spain. t WHERE COTTON 18 KING. o v Methods of Trading on tho Now p Orleans Exchange. e For many generations New Orleans, both as a port and as a factor In de- f terminlng prices, has been more close- p ly identified with cotton growing than C any other city In the world. If In later years the development of p railroad systems has drawn away from li this port a portion of the cotton trade c which In the era of river traffic was li the city's natural right. New Orleans is g nevertheless a dominant factor in cot- s ton trading, says Moody's Magazine, A ttliu 1 to lllipui UUlte ID UUC U1IICI1J W HO ? cotton exchange and to certain unique e features in its methods. a In the year 1871, when the south was f lifting itself out of the wreck of war h and reconstruction, the value of an or- a ganizatlon for their mutual protection c and benefit became apparent to some of the leading merchants, and on June s 17, 1871, a meeting of thirty-six cotton k firms was called to consider the needs 1 of the situation. h On July 24 of that year these men t( adopted a constitution and were duly e chartered under the name of the New Orleans Cotton Exchange. The pres- c ent building was erected in the year tl 1883 at a cost of $350,000 to its mem- a bers. It is situated in Carondelet e street, the Wall street of New Orleans, n Membership at the present day is c constituted chiefly 'of several more or f< less well defined classes of cotton mer- o chants; namely, the factors, buyers, y f. o. b. sellers, exporters and future fi brokers, besides a number of freight o agents and cottonseed oil merchants, and some rarmerg and mill owners. o The exporters form the largest class t< of spot cotton merchants. They oc- ri caslonally buy on direct orders from lx the European mills, but as a rule their e; business is done by cable offers from tl the mills or their agents, which orders w are usually good for the day. a Offers from the mills are accepted by fi the exporters when they are able to a buy the cotton at prices which will net it them a fair commission, after the ad- tl dltion of all expenses necessary to tl complete the shipment. When the mills do not appear anxious to buy, the it exporter takes the Initiative by mak- g Ing firm offers to the other side, reg- d ulatlng his price on market quotations t< as explained. a The contract of the f. o. b. trader is si to deliver the cotton free on board at Mew Orleans alongside the outgoing tl vessel. The consideration is usually 01 hxed at so many points "off" or "on" b (that is, "more than" or "less than"), tl the price of some future month; this lc permits the buyer to protect himself by tl a "hedge." p< The f. o. b. merchant is coming n more into prominence as that method of trading gains favor, for it avoids ware- w house and other charges incident to d< consignment sales and give the pur- p] chasers a better opportunity of acqulr- vi Ing large lots of even running grades, w -The factor is in reality a commission a merchant who receives cotton on con- Is fignment for the producer and small b< country merchant, to be disposed of at ai stated or current prices. He acts to pi some extent in a banking capacity, tr making advances to his constituents tl >f the capital needed to bring the crop sc :o maturity, being usually secured by ir l "crop lien;" in this capacity he is be- w ng superseded by the country store- ai ceeper and interior banks. 11] It may be noted here as a matter of nterest that every bale of cotton which inters the port of New Orleans comes mmedlately under the supervision and p protection of the cotton exchange and -emains under its oonstant espionage intil finally delivered to the steamship >r railroad companies for export or ^ ransportation to domestic mllla te The committee of the exchange which ln ias charge of this is known as the 'committee on supervision and inspec- la ion." It employs a small army of depitles, whose duties are to prevent the ** jtealing of the bales of cotton or the I* filtering of samples, "bleeding" of the or >ale, as it is called. tr Before the institution of this committee it was considered customary for P< i bale to lose from ten to twenty *a pounds while in presses or warehouses, Li tor from the nature of its packing the *r iotton bale Is easily susceptible of P1 laving this amount extracted without iltering its outward appearance, vs 3ome samplers and classers ln those M lays gained a lucrative if dishonest Ivelihood by removing unreasonably th arge samples under the pretence of ex- di imination, and accumulating them ln 1 I. - ? \Ta.. eVt A (M_ PI iit'ir unices. nuw, uuncvct, mv iu- - ? ipectors do not allow a sampler to have bJ nore than six ounces, thus protecting sp he Interest of the owner. The contract of future delivery as Ei raded In on the New Orleans Cotton P< exchange Is an agreement on the part 1? ?f the seller to deliver and of the buyer tr o receive at some future date, usually n some distant month 60,000 pounds of *y :otton, basis middling, in about 100 be iquare bales, the purchase price being ca ixed at the time that the contract is ax ntered into. It is an "option" only in bl he sense that the seller has the prlv- M lege of delivering the cotton on any 8'i lay that he chooses during the month n which delivery must be made. This does not mean that in every te :ase physical delivery is required. As n*' vith executory contracts In general, ights and liabilities arising from them nay be assigned, and they are fre- Je il.. 1 T# U <a r?s\v\ . Llienuy SO USSIgllCU. 11 It la iuuie ?,vurenlent for the seller In a contract to se >ay In cash the difference accruing w< rom an advance In values, thereby en- ?P ibling the buyer to purchase his cot- ha on, it would be a useless act to com- co >el actual delivery. It Is termed a "basis contract," for ar he reason that, though any of nine Al IllTerent grades may be delivered, bt fair" being the best and "good ordl- 'n lary" the lowest, yet the basis upon J? vhlch the price is fixed is the middling sa ;rade. This grade Is about equldist- UI int from very good to very poor. If seller deliver middling he Is paid the xact price per pound named in the en ontract; but if he deliverer, say, fair ou otton he is entitled to receive as much by nore per pound as the price of fair m' otton, he is entitled to receive as much m' nore per pound as the yrice of fair be otton Is above middling cotton'on the Ixth day prior to delivery, and like- a vise if he tender good ordinary the te uyer deducts from the purchase price wl is much per pound as good ordinary is telow middling on that day. ,f These variations in the value of rrades, or "differences," as they are iy ermed, are determined by a committee <jc if the exchange in accordance with /hat they And to be the ruling market trices on the sixth day prior to dellvry. The method of determining the diferences in grades according to market trices is peculiar to the New Orleans Cotton Exchange end is termed the commercial difference" system, as optosed to the "fixed difference" system a vogue on the New York Cotton Exhange, under the rules of which latter nsitltution the prices for the several Tades are established for the whole eason at stated intervals twice a year, advocates of the commercial difference ystem contend that it is the more n..U?klA Im 4k?4 sa Aa.J. 4a - - -- - 4uiiauic ?xt umi it iciiui iu prvwBrve parity or equivalent value between uturee and spot cotton, and in so doiK increases the usefulness of futures s a hedge and prevents their use for ertaln manipulative purposes. The exchange provides "types" or tandards for the grades, which are ept in the custody of the "classers." 'hese are experts in its employ who ave no interest in cotton other than o judge and decide upon the grade of very bale delivered on a contract. A method has been devised for fallitating deliveries by "certification" of be bales. Thus, if a merchant has, ay, 100 bales of cotton which he wisbs to deliver on a future contract he' lay request the exchange, through Its lassers, to pass upon the grades bears the actual delivery. The certlflate which he receives is good for one ear and carries with H a. guaranty rom the exchange that the cotton is f the grade mentioned. When the day for delivery arrives the wner merely tenders this certificate, agether with his warehouse or press Bceipts, additions and deductions beig made on the then existing differnces, a~1 the delivery. Is oomplete, but tie cotton must be turned out and elghed unless the parties agree on 'eights and waive the manual transjr. A buyer who thus comes Into posbsalon of a certificate may redeliver : to the party to whom he has sold ie cotton, and so on during the life of tie certificate. The future contract has a historj of s own so closely identified with the rowth of the New Orleans Cotton Exlan^e end the development of the cot>n buelneee that Its origin and effects uinot fail to prove of interest to the tudent of economic history. Before the days of the Atlantic cable le consumers, who were then almost nly the English and Continental mills, ought their cotton as they ndeded It irough their correspondents or sgents , cated at central points throughout ie cotton belt, or else they were com- I Blled to accumulate a large stock of ' iw cotton and manufactured goods. In this latter case immense capital |vas needed, and they were assuming eclded risks, for the value of the stale was as variable then. If not more triable than at the present time. But 1th quickened facilities of communlitlon there arose the desire to formuite some means by which they could s assured of acquiring their supplies i they needed them, at determined rices, thereby allowing them to conact for delivery of the finished arcle months In advance and at the ime time fixing a certain and legitllate margin of profit To fill this ant the future contract was devised, id In the course of time has crystalled Into the form now In use. JEW8 REGAINING PALESTINE. radical Progress of Zionists In Recent Years. Dispatches from Jerusalem, says a indon letter to the New Tork Sun, ll of remarkable strides made durg the last few years In the repeopig of Palestine with Jewa The procmatlon of the constitution in Tur sy tnrew open me noon ui mnuin id led to an enormous Influx of Jew* h colonists, who are already settled 1 some of the best lands of the couny. In Jerusalem alone four-fifths of the ipulatlon now belongs to the Jewish Jth. Large tracts of land around ike Tiberias have been bought up om poor natives and converted Into 'osperous farms. The Plain of Shall, between Jaffa and Lydda, Is one Lst garden owned and tended by Jewh skill and labor. The Hauran, one ' the most fertile wheat districts in ie world, is being sold to Jewish syncs tea. Almost the whole of the extensive lain of Esdraelon has been bought up r Jews. Their prosperous colonies read from Dan to Beersheba, and ren further south to the outskirts of gypt. Thousands are escaping from ersla to find shelter and protection the Holy Land, while every ship om Odessa carries some of them.' The Jordan Valley, once the properof the ex-Sultan Abdul Hamld, is ing eagerly sought after by Jewish .pltalists. The Zionists, whose agents e distributed all over the land, are tying up the rich properties of the ohammedan effendis, whose Incomes ace the revolution have lessened. At Jaffa, Tiberias, Safed and Haifa dount Carmel) Jews are reckoned by ns of thousands. Towns like Raoth-Gilead, Bethlehem, Nazareth and iza, where a few years ago no Jew red show his face, have now their wish quarters and synagogues. The whole city of Jerusalem is esntially a Jewish town. Banking as >11 as trade and commerce is mon>ollzed by Jews. The government is found It necessary to organise a mpany of Jewish gendarmes. Hundreds of thousands of pounds e annually sent from Europe and nerlca to enable the colonists to itld homes, hospitals, schools and valid homes. Over one hundred wish schools already exist in Jerulem alone. Synagogues are rising > everywhere. The value of the land has risen fourId. The Ignorant and poverty strickfellaheen (peasants) are being isted from their homes and villages ' the European Jew settler, whose odern agricultural implements and ethods have made the land produce irvests never dreamed of by the naree. The Anglo-Palestine company, 7<An(af Konlrinir onH P^mmnrplal An rprlse, Is pushing the cause of Israel Ith energy. y For maintaining and cleansing tndon public roads for a year, nearseven million five hundred thousand liars are spent