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<1 w YORKVILLE ENQUIRER. ~ XSSTJED SEMX-WEEKLT. l. m. grist s sons, publishers, j % ^jfamilg Jeursgaper: 40r 'M promotion of th^ political, JJooiat, ^griijuliupl and ?omm(i<cial Interests of the people. JTE^QlJ^PAr .Vlv*il^VANCK established 1855. " YORK VILLE, S. C.~ PHIDAY, AUGUST 7, 1908. frfo7 037 **+**+++++**<1 t n JL Q TG t tjMkO'M v . t By ETTA fr *f? ? *fr *?* *f* 4" ^ $ "f0 ^ ? H CHAPTER XVIII. The Key. ^ Hiram Duff decided to pass the night at niuyers cottage, unun me ureumstances, It was plainly his duty to remain in close proximity to his prisoner, and there to hold himself in readiness for new developments. The news of Rose Gaff's disappearance and the apprehension of Hume for a her murder spread like wildfire over the village. The tide of popular feeling set strongly against Hume. He was a stranger?an altogether unknown person, and the natives to a man declared him guilty, without troubling themselves about further and more conclu4 sive evidence. He had killed Rose Gaff, either from hopeless love or jealous despair, and the excitement at Berry's grocery, and all about Hillyer*s Cove, grew with every moment. That savagery which lingers in men long after civilization claims them awoke in ^ these grim followers of the sea, and dark threats and curses loud and deep were freely hurled at the man confined in the cove fishhouse. Not long after the door of his prison closed upon him, Hume lay down on ^ his hard bed and tried to sleep. Impossible! Anxiety for Rose baffled all his attempts to woo the drowsy god. He tossed restlessly. Presently a sound near by brought him to a sitting posture. A key was grating In a lock. The fishhou.se door swung back. Andy Gaff, with a lantern In his hand, stepped Into the place. "Andy!" cried Hume, in amazement, P* "who sent you to me?" Andy muttered something unintelligible, and put down the light. Hume Immediately guessed that Duff had left both keys and lantern within reach of the l<}iof, and the lattep had taken pos^ session of them, without any particular purpose in his darkened mind. How could one accuse Andy of having a purpose? "What do you want?" said Hume, forgetting that he spoke to one not composmentls. A strange wlstfulness appeared in the vacant face. "I'll stay with you," replied Andy. "Stay with me?" Hume smiled, then laid his hand kindly on Andy's shoulB der. "Poor fellow! It is cold and dismal here?you had better go back to the cottage." Jr Andy shook his head, and reached for the only chair that the place contained. "Permit me!" he said, in the tone and with the air of a man of breeding. "By Jove! this is the oddest thing of all!" cried Hume. "Now that you have unlocked the door, Andy, what ninaers ine irum ?amui^ uui anu iu<v # ing my departure from the cape? Why not leave these boors of fishermen to think me innocent or guilty, as they please?" He stood deliberating the matter. ^ Only this idiot stood betwixt him and freedom. The darkness would aid his escape, and the railway terminus was but twenty miles away. He walked to the door and looked out, Andy watched him, but made no sign. A brisk wind was working. Soon the fog would be stripped in gray tatters, and go moving off before it. Far overhead a star already glimmered. The - lights were out in the fishermen's cotK tages?the way was plain and open before Hume. He closed the door and went back to Andy. W "An innocent man does not run from his accusers," he said, and threw hlm^ self down on his bed and fell aslep. An hour before daybreak Hiram Duff came running to the fishhouse, and found the door ajar and his prisoner sunk in quiet slumber, while Andy Gaff, a self-constituted guardian, nodded in the chair near by. The lantern light hob rlvlner in a ninrh of smoke. "Lord have mercy!" cried Duff, as Nigel Hume awoke; "what a scare I've had, to be sure! So it war that half4 wit that carried off my key and light, while I war a-dozing in Caleb's kitchen? I calkerlated, when I roused up and found 'em gone, that you'd cut and run. sir. And," as he withdrew the key from the lock, "hanged if you didn't have a prime chance! What possessed you to let it slip?" "I meant to stay and see this affair out." replied Hume. "Indeed, nothing could induce me to leave the place till I leant the fate of that poor girl Rose. If she has been rescued she will soon return to us; if the boat sank?well." in a troubled tone. "Ood grant we may know that, also!" Duff seemed disinclined to talk of (Rose. "It war a queer freak for this poor critter to come and sit with you through the night." he said, jerking a hand toward the idiot. "Come, Andy, let's be a-moving?I'll have to take you back to the cottage." Andy arose obediently. Hume grasped him by the hand. "Good-by, and thank you kindly," hel said. "Gond-by," replied Andy, "and keep up your spirits." Duff laughed. "There's a bit of his old self left yet." * he said, and went out. and locked the fishhouse door. With morning light a fresh search was made for the missing girl. Alas! It proved as fruitless as the one of the previous night. P Bess Hillyer went about her usual tasks at the cottage with an anxious face. She said little, but paused continually to look out on the sea. and to listen for steps that came not. Andy Gaff left his net mending to follow her restively. Even Martha Bray was ill at ease. "I agree with the men!" she declared at last. "Rose Is dead, and Mr. Hume has killed her. You know, f Bess Hillyer. jest how that man has been a-dancing round the cove ever since he first came here with Mr. Har' o!d! Never yet did a stranger fail to bring bad luck to this house. I wish - to mercy we'd never opened our door to any unknown man! Yes, she was married, and out of his reach, and he up and murdered her. One can't open a newspaper nowadays without read x ^3m * if . W. PIERCE. ^ ing jest sich onconscionable doings everywhere. Darkness gathered early, and rain began to fall. All hope, by this time, had been abandoned. Hiram Duff started for a distant town, to find the sher! iff. Uncle Caleb went off across the cuns 10 oerry s srugery. i ue ivcy ui the flshhouse was left hanging on a nail behind the cottage door. Bess carried supper to the prisoner, gave him a few words of encouragement, and locked him up for the night. Then she returned to the cottage, and sat down with Andy in the chimney corner. Hardly had she done so when a knock echoed on the door. All day Bess had b?en anticipating evil?with nightfall. it was there? As she looked out into the porch she saw that it was full of men. "Where's Hiram Duff?" said one, gruffly. "Gone to Nauset for the sheriff," replied Bess. "And Caleb Hillyer?" "You will find him in the village." She stood before them, bright and fearless. The light in her hand shone in her wide black eyes, and glanced over the rich masses of her black hair. "We want the key to the flshhouse for a few minutes, miss," said another man, in a wheedling tone. "We reckon it's been left with you." "Yes," she answered; "it has been left with me, and I mean to keep it till Hiram Duff comes back." "Look here, Bess," said the first speaker, "we can i stop 10 parity. We've got to have the key. Give it up peaceable. We've a word to say to the man that killed Rose Hillyer." She snatched something from the nail behind the door, and thrust it into her pocket. "What mischief are you plotting?" she demanded, sternly. "He's got to tell what he did with Rose," a voice answered, doggedly. "Sich a crime ain't going unconfessed on Cape Desolation! Your own cousin, girl! Why, It's your plain duty to help < us what you can." She drew herself up, like a young j queen. "Men like you cannot tell me my duty! Go home!" in a commanding [ voice, "everyone of you, and leave Mr. j Hume to the law. I say again, you cannot have the key." "What's to hinder us from taking it by force?" growled a voice. "We'll break down the door," said another; "we're bound to get at him. , somehow!" I She knew the men before her?honest and law-abiding, but capable of reckless and cruel things under the pressure of strong excitement. They j holloveH Hump tn he eniltv. If noth ing was done to prevent it, they would certainly lay the flshhouse level with , the ground before Hiram Duff could return. Her thoughts moved rapidly. "He's killed the girl, and now he's got to own the truth." she heard some , one say. "Hurry! we're losing precious , time. We don't want to hurt or fright- , en you. Bess Hillyer, but?you'd betrer give up the key!" She seemed to waver a little. "Wait here a moment," she said, "and I'll consider the matter." She darted into the living room, shut the door, and snatched from the table a loaded revolver belonging to Duff. She determined to reach the flshhouse before the men. release Hume, and bid him under cover of darkness fly for his life. Marina tsray, wno nau ureii iuivuicly listening to every word in ihe porch, seized the arm of her mistress, and pointed to the rear of the cottage. "That way?quick!" she said, as though comprehending the other's plan. The same spirit which had nerved the sailor girl in the old days, on her father's quarter-deck, flashed now in her eyes. She paused just long enough to say. "Go into the porch, Martha, and make some pretense of holding the men there till I can reach Mr. Hume. If they kill him, his blood will be on our heads." Then, with the pistol in her hand, she vanished through the rear door of the cottage. "Drat the cowards!" muttered Martha Bray. "What do they mean by coming here to scare lone wimmin folks? I'll do the best I can, but it's not to be supposed they'll listen long to me." She started valiantly for the porch. Andy Gaff arose from the chimney corner. and followed Bess Hillyer. ,nl- - ' * 1 ? * 3 * - - ? rtMrton Vl A 1 1 _ I ne laner was iianuy aci wn mt .... tie sandy garden when she became aware that Martha Bray's attempt to hold the men in the porch had resulted in failure. She heard her own name called by a half-dozen voices. As she darted over the fence, and round the fish flakes, an angry shout told her that she was discovered. Like a deer she flew on and gained the fishhouse. But it was too late to release Hume. The men were close at her heels. She barely succeeded in setting her back against the door when they rushed tumultuously upon her. "The key?give up the key!" they cried, and a dozen hands seized upon her. roughly. But the next instant something strange and furious had charged upon the men, scattering them left and right. A blow planted betwixt the eyes of the foremost laid him at Bess Hillyer's feet. Another and another were tumbled backward, as though smitten by a thunderbolt. Andy flaff. panting and glaring, put himself betwixt Bess and her assailants. However weak his wits might be. Rose's husband had scented battle like a war horse, and taken sides with wonderful promptness. The fish ermen emphasized their astonishment by a retrograde movement. "The fool!" said one. "He always had a good pair of fists?brains or no brains, he h'ain't forgot how to use 'em. Come. Hess Hiliyer. Duff won't blame you for giving up the key. You're one woman against a dozen men?nobody can expect you to make much resistance. As for Andy, we'll throw him into the water." She drew the revolver from beneath her shawl, and leveled It at the head of the speaker. "If you come a step nearer to this door." she said, "you are a dead man! Duff left me in charge of the prisoner. He cannot defend himself, and it remains for me to see that you do him no violence. This weapon is good for six lives, and I know how to use it" A lantern carried in the crowd flashed on her cool, resolute face, and along the shining barrel of the pistol. Andy was watching her, as though her superior intelligence had somehow obtained a momentary mastery over him. The men stood sullen and uncertain. "Knock the idjit down and disarm the girl!" somebody shouted. "Shame on us, to stop before such a pair!" A smart rush was made upon Bess and her one defender. It was Interrupted by a cry from an unexpected, quarter. Down the path from Caleb's cottage two or three figures appeared, running briskly, talking excitedly. "Hallo! Hallo!" cried the voice of Hiram Duff. "Don't you go to do no mischief there, boys! We've got news!" The angry men fell back. Bess dropped the pistol. At Duff's shoulder followed Martha Bray and Caleb Hillyer?the latter was waving some white object over his head. "Here's word from Rose herself!" he shouted. "She's alive! This 'ere letter came in the mail tonight. Ira Berry, he screeched when he took it from the bag1. He knew Rose's writing. I've run over the cliffs faster than I ever did afore in my whole life. Here, Bess, It's directed to you. Open and read it to 'em all. The lantern was brought forward. "Yes," murmured Bess, in a sort of troubled amazement: "it is Rose's own writing?there can be no mistake." Surrounded now by eager faces, she tore open the envelope and read as follows: "Don't blame Mr. Hume for the accident of yesterday. I am glad everything happened just as it did. I was picked up before any harm came to me. and I am now safe and well. Uncle Caleh will find his boat moored at Fleethaven?at which place this letter will be posted: but it is quite useless for him, or any other person, to look for me there. I have covered my flight so thoroughly that none of you can uncover it. Do not try to find me. When you receive this I shall be far away?far beyond your reach. A new home has been offered me, and new friends. I cannot tell you more, but I am happy?happy. Remember, Bess, all my past discontent. You. at least, know how I have longed for some door of escape to open to me?how I hate the cove, and everything there. I took upon yesterday as the most fortunate day of my whole life. I would not return to you for the world. As for Andy? do with him as you will?I shall nev?? noo him oiraln Ah Rpss von are strong and good, and I am weak and wicked. It is you who deserve the good fortune upon which T have stumbled: but since it has fallen to me?forgive me. and good-bye. Your loving "Rose. "P. S.?If Mr. Hume has not been seen since yesterday, rest assured he was drowned while rowing with me." Bess Hlllyer turned to the men. She was very pale, and her voice shook a little, as she said: "You see that the story told by Mr. Hume was true in every particular. You ought to thank God that you have been prevented from doing him harm tonight." She put the fishliouse key, for which such sharp contest had been made, in Hiram Duff's hand. "Release Mr. Hume at once," she said. "I want to show him this letter." Then she ran to old Caleb, and flung both arms around his neck. "Oh," she sobbed: "for a long time I have felt that something like this was coming upon us! Rose hated her home. Of hor own will slip has fled. Uncle Caleb ?gone?nobody can .tell whither, and 1 know she will never, never come back!" CHAPTER XIX. Storm Island. "Faix! will ye be plased to come down the stair for a minute, sor? Shure ye've traveled this worruld over, but I'm thinking ye niver saw the likes of what I av' to show ye. By the powers, it's the quarest catch meself ever made since I first set foot on Storm Island, sor!" The speaker, a middle-aged Irishman, with a rich brogue and a twinkle in the tail of his eye, stood, hat in hand, looking into a chamber at the very top of the stone tower which crowned the wild grandeur of Storm Island. It was an octagon room, finished in natural wood. A powerful telescope was mounted at one of the large windows; books lined the walls from floor tc ceiling. Fowling pieces and scientific instruments mingled in the picturesque disorder of the place. There were tables, rugs and comfortable chairs scattered about, and stretched along the oak floor lay the same collie dogs which Edith Fassel had petted at Win/1 mpr** The hour was early; the pink dawn still blushed in the sky; but already Paget Fassel was writing at a table, near a seaward window. He put down his pen as the old servant delivered his speech from the doorway. "What Is the matter, Terry?" lie said, impatiently. "Will I come downstairs? Certainly not. You must not disturb me?I am busy this morning. Tell Norah to bring my coffee here." Terry's broad face betrayed some inward excitement. "Faix! I'm axing ye only to step down, sor. and glv' one look at her. Oh, she's tlie darlin' o' the worruld, wid a face like a new-blown rose, and a smile lit to warm the very cockles av yer heart!" "Good Heaven! Terry, are you going o ),5VU vnn taken to crazy : suitr ^ u^u uu? v ^? paying Norah compliments like these? Do I not know that you lead a regular cat-and-dog litv with her, and that she henpecks you unmercifully?" Terry grinned. "Norah. is it? Ood save ye. sor! It's not Norah that I'm after talking about at all. May the devil fly away wid all sich scolding tongues"? "Kasy, Terry?easy!" "Well, be gorra, sor. I'm longing to tell ye what befell me last night out there beyant. and all in sight av yer own tower light. Wlrra, wirra! yer honor might 'av' seen it easy enough, i:' ye'd looked out." Fiissel perceived that his factotum had really something upon his mind. "Come in, Terry," he said, "and unbosom yourself!" And Terry stepped into the chamber. "Last night, as ye'U be afther remembering. sor, the fog wor as thick as mud, and bedad! It's meself as hates a ft?gr, for shure it always unsettles the ould woman's temper, sor. She set to abusing me the wust way. Troth ye might 'av' heard the noise of her in the top of the tower! By the time her tongue got tired it wor nigh to ten o* the clock, and I sez to myself, 'I'll jist step out for a breath o' air to revive me!' for I wor In need of that same, me wind being gone entirely wid the craythur. So out I goes, and Jumps into me boat and rows off a bit, to cool me temper and see that the island was all right for the night. Well, by me Isowl, sor, the fog was getting thin, wld a notion of light behind it; and I hadn't gone far whin an empty boat came a-drifting along, all as still as yer plase, sor; and what did I do but row up to it, and lay hould of the craft to tow it to the island, and down in the bottom of it I found something quare? a slip of a girl, wid her senses gone out of her. Betwixt fright and cowld she wor like one dead. Sorra a sign of life about her." "A girl!" echoed Paget Fassel, In amazement. "Shure, sor, and purty as an angel, but all splashed wid the salt sea that had leaked into the boat, and stiff and dead wid the fog and cowld, and wid not so much as a bit o' a shawl to kiver her. I got the boat to the landing place, and tuk the wee craythur in me two arms?she wor a feather's weight? and carried her up the rocks to Norah. 'Be plased,' sez I, 'to hould yer jaw for awhile, Mrs. Terry, ma'am,' sez I, 'and bring this colleen to her sivin senses!' Faix! we wurked hard over the gurl, sor, and prisintly we fetched her round; and she axed where wor she, and what had happened, and we tould her she wor safe at Storm Island, in the house o' a dacent gintleman, Mr. Paget Fassel, as wor king o' the place. Wld that she seemed mightily stirred up, and afther a bit she wint on to explain how she wor out rowing all by herself, whin the fog came down, and she lost her oars and wint adrift, the dariint! and how she had heard o* Mr. Fassel, and would we call ye, for she had private business wid the gintleman o* Storm Island. The ould woman said it would niver do to disturb ye at that hour, seeing now ye had given ordhers to the contrary. So the young craythur let Norah put her to bed, quiet as a lamb, and she's been a'slaplngall night In the tower, and now wld morning, sor, she's up and at it ag'in, coaxing and shmiling like a saint, and wanting to 'av' a word wld yerself, sor." Fassel had followed his servant's story with a considerable show of Interest. "And who Is this girl that you found drifting about in an oarless boat, Terry?" he asked. "Troth, sor, that's jlst what she's waiting to tell ye." Fassel put down his pen, and arose from the table. "Come, then," he said. And master and man descended a stair to the ground floor of the tower, where Norah, the neat, comely, hottempered wife of Terry presided over Paget Fassel's domestic affairs. This ocean hermitage, known by the name of the Towerhouse, commanded vast views of the Atlantic. It was a place full of savage, primitive charm. A few years before Fassel had purchased the Storm, and reared the stone house, as a retreat where he could recruit mind and body, after prolonged labor and weary wandering. The Island was hardly a mile long, and scant In vegetation, with brown, igneous rock cropping up everywhere through the thin soil. A low growth of resinous tress straggled along its eastern side, and near the Towerhouse was a safe, sandy beach, where Terry kept his boats. Paeet Fassel and his two ser vants were the sole Inhabitants of the Storm. As the island owner entered the sitting room, where he was wont to take his morning meal a curious picture met his gaze, and startled him not a little. His own easy-chair was drawn up to a sunny eastern window, and nestled in its depths he saw a fairylike creature, white, soft, dazzling, dressed in a blue flannel gown, and with all her golden hair curling loose down her shoulders. She was languidly watching Norah, as that trim Celtic matron spread the cloth for breakfast. "If ye plase, miss," said Terry's wife, "Here's the master himself, come to spake wid ye." The fairy arose. With her Greuze face, and that rich, flowing mane, she looked like some half-grown child. "Mr. Fassel?" she timidly inquired, and her voice was like a silver bell. He bowed. "I am Elizabeth Hillyer?the kinswoman of your friend, Mrs. Ellicott. You may have heard cf me," she said. Elizabeth Hillyer! The name reminded him of Windmere?of a certain promise made to Mrs. Ellicott, the fulfillment of which he, absorbed In more agreeable duties, had purposely delay de from day to day. "Certainly I have heard of you," he acknowledged, promptly. She drew from her pocket a package of letters and a time-stained paper. The first comprised a correspondence which had been carried on for a fortnight betwixt Mi*s. Ellicott and the unknown Elizabeth Hillyer. The paper was the marriage certificate of John Hillyer and Elizabeth Ellicott, purloined several days before from the sailor girl's private treasure. For safety's sake its present possessor had carried it about upon her person ever since the | theft?a precaution which was now to he turned to her great advantage. Tc be Continued. Defied the Judge. "It has been so many years ago that most people have forgotten that the late Susan B. Anthony was fined 1100 or a year's imprisonment for having dared to vote for General Grant for president." said a Chicago judge. Anthiinv hravo sh? was intellectual and asked to be allowed to speak a word in her own behalf. Permission being given, she told the court of the struggle she had in keeping a little newspaper going from which she made her living. 'Your honor," she said, holding up her right hand, "I am due my creditors not less than $1,000. This money I expect to live to pay, hut I am willing this arm shall wither from my body before I pay the $100 you have so unjustly assessed against me." "The court realized the deep seriousness of Miss Anthony's declaration, and though she could have been ordered to jail for nonpayment of the fine his honor did not have the nerve to enforce the extreme penalty. Miss Anthony lived for many years after its imposition, but the fine was never paid."?Baltimore American. "VITAL PHASE IMMIGRA'I Being a Plain Exposition People a Clear Ui Necessities Following Is the address delivered at Union by E. J. Watson, commissioner of immigration, commerce and agrlcluture of South Carolina: "You wish to hear from me In regard to immigration. I am heartily sick and tired of the word and the subject. There has been such a dense cloud of Ignorance of this vital subject, such a volume of misrepresentation created by misguided politicians who see In the subject of southern immigration great bugbears? not 'niggers In the woodpile,' oh; no, they haven't seen that, or if they fiave. it hasn't suited their purpose to warn you of the dangers from the nek of a sufficient white population knH the avrotj<j nf th<* hlack noDula don't." but he resolved to do what was best for the state and reach a substantial basis of work for a practically unknown country at the earliest possible moment. No man. he said, ever more carefully Investigated the sources of supply for farm and other white labor, and from the first he was convinced that It would be a practical Impossibility to Introduce Into South Carolina plain wages labor for any purpose for a good time to come, and that then it must come of Its own volition and in the wake of the purchasing settler. He said that he had found the hordes of undesirables pouring Into the centres of population through the great eastern ports, with no attempt at selection, and he was prompted that very year in the national convention In New York to sound the note of warning that started the substantial agitation which finally resulted in putting further restrictions In the federal laws by the last congress when those laws were remodeled, and in the appointment of a commission of which the lamented Latimer, of this state, was a member, designed to make recommendations to congress looking to further restrictions being enacted, knowing full well, he asserted, that the greater the restrictions would be tne better the class of white foreigners the southern states would ultimately receive. He had been the first and '? a*? nlnoo f A nilt ilitfi oniy man uciuir i?i ?.** actual practice the policy of selecting and examining the alien at the port of departure, at his own home where his record could be examined. "You hear man afier man telling you of the kind of immigrant he wants brought to the south, of the restrictions he wants. Examine all of them and examine your department's course and utterances, and you will find not one of them goes so far in the direction of restriction as your department has done. Perhaps you have forgotten the utterances in Columbia last winter of Mr. Patten, the secretary of the American Immigration Restriction league. in regard to your department." In fighting for the good name of the state in other sections of this country and abroad, the state department had encountered, but had overcome, almost unsurmountable difficulties. Want Farming People From the Northwest. Everybody concurs in the announcement that we want here farming people from the northwest. "God knows I want them," he exclaimed, "above all others, if for no other reason than that they become voters earlier than the Englishman or the Scotchman. Rut can we get them? The railways have tried for years. Your department has systematically worked in that territory from Its foundation. Canada just a step away from these men, has been offering them free tracts of as fine land as the continent 1 1 frnnennrfotlnn In noias, puy lUg UICU itauo^ui luvivt* many instances, and occasionally giving enough money almost with which to build homes. On the other hand, the rail transportation cost to Columbia Is practically as much as it is from England to Columbia. Need we ask why the task has been difficult? We can get those who are seeking a warmer climate, those who can not stand jtion?that the masses of the people Of South Carolina have actually come jto believe that men who are patriotically striving', without regard to politics, to develop the state to Its fulliest, are Injuring the future of the Ipommonwealth. God forbid that I, bjvho have devoted the best days of Jny life to the welfare of my mother 'state would ever do aught that would tarnish her proud escutcheon or add [anything that would tend to lower her proud citizenship! But for the realization of the fact that you have been misguided, misled and misinformed, and that you have had no opportunity to study a subject that has staggered many that have studied it, I would not take up your time today. I shall try to be concise and plain, and In what I shall say I shall not presume to cast reflections upon any person or persons, for In this part of the world good men, from lack of Information, have accepted, without question or research, views that have been Insidiously set before them. I have talked plain heyond the borders of the state In beating down and nailing the slanders that have been systematically spread against the good name of this state and her people, and I feel that If I could do this I am entitled to speak plainly to my own people." Accepts Position With Reluctance. Mr. Watson said that It was just a little over four years ago that the legislature in Its wisdom established the department of agriculture and commerce, and deeming Immigration a proper subject for the department to ^.ndle, made that the third branch of the work with which the ..commissioner should be charged. He did not seek the office, and It was with reluctance that he accepted It with the Immigrate feature attached. At the momenf the cry for labor was rising from every fence corner, and manufacturing plants had spindles standing idle. He knew it was a case of "damned If you do and damned if S OF THE ION PROBLEM" of Plain Facts, Giving the iderstanding of the of the Hour. | the rigors of the climate there, but I I* ?vkAAn#Ur Wo f thn flslo ho q borer; and the manufacturers gave the assurance voluntarily that the hours of labor would be reduced to ten hours In the textile plants, and that the scale of wages would be raised almost to a parity with those of NTew England. The result of the experiment from the labor standpoint was what the department had more or less expected it would be. In all other respects the experiment was eminently successful. "You have heard politicians year after year." said Mr. Watson, "promise the laboring people what they were going to do for them. If you will look over the documents on file in our office you will find that without fight or friction the ten-hour day and higher scale of wages had come long before legislative enactment of those things, and that In reality the department, against which the minds of many laboring men have been poisoned, had done more for them than all the politicians had succeeded in doing in a decade or more. And not one dollar of the expense of this was borne by the' taxpayers or the people of the commonwealth as such! "Now. a word as to the need of Immigration?and I mean by that the Introduction of a grown-up white population into South Carolina, of all other states in the south. I really don't want to argue the matter, but it Is a public duty, my duty as a patriotic South Carolinian, to call attention to a few salient points, to state to you some startling facts with which I know you are not acquainted. And f must not be classed as a negro hater, for many's the time T have befriended the worthy of that race. Our Negro Majority of a Quarter of a Million. "There are in South Carolina a quarter of a million more negroes than there are white people, and the median age of that race is only sixteen years?a rising generation marking the passing of the old-time darkey: a larger negro majority than in any of the southern states save one. The race is of the age to seek education. and Is seeking it?a smattering in most cases, but enough to read and write. There are more negro children attending the public schools today than white children, sad to relate. I shall not discuss the birth and death rates, for you are more or less familiar with those. There are in the state today only 130.375 whites of the voting age, while there are 152,860 negroes of the voting age; there are 16.000 illiterate whites; there are about 83,000 negroes operating farms in the state on their own account, hastening on to ownership of these farms and some 16,000 negroes have already attained the ownership of their farms in fee simple. Are these not facts to make you stop and think and see whether cries against immigration are the part of wisdom? Can't you see whither we are drifting? A Step Further. "Remember also that there are over a quarter of a million native born South Carolinians who have moved to and a.re living iu other states. But some will say as the negro is being educated he is going to the north and east and Into other states, and that this movement will. In the course of time, settle our sociological and racial problem. Will it? Can any one believe that enough openings will be offered in the north to absorb a quarter of a million negroes in the time necessary, not taking into consideration the natural increase during the process? You might as well believe that water will flow up hill without being forced. "A step further, and then I will ask you if any sane man can conscientiously put in the background the future of his children a>nd oppose the introduction by the fastest possible wona Intn <Jnn?h Carolina nf a while | population. The suffrage laws of the I set In gradually." He siad he expected It to develop considerably this fall, and steps were already In progress to conduct a vigorous campaign. The only other Immigration work that the department had been doing for ovtr eighteen months was directed to the securing of desirable English farming families from the best agricultural sections of England, and now a slow but steady and constantly giowing movement was In progress. Much protective work had been done and many desiring to come here liad been actually kept away. Touching the experiment In 1906 of bringing the German ship Into Charleston. Mr. Watson said that experiment was many sided; most people believed today that the Immigration feature of the experiment was the principal phase of It. It was designed to test the possibilities of the exportation direct to the consumer of the .south s cotton and cotton manufactured products, which he had already explained; it was designed to demonstrate to the shipping authorities that the south did have a central deepwater port; it was designed to accentuate iri the public mind the weakness of federal laws, and, finally. It was designed to secure to the state thousands of dollars' worth of advertising that could not be obtained In any other way. All of these ends were accomplished. Twenty per cent of the spindles were standing Idle In the spring of 1906. The manufacturers offered to pay the expenses of the experiment of introducing foreign labor and demonstrating the several matters pointed out, though they were told that it was doubtful if the experiment with wages labor from abroad would be successful. Without a string tied to their contribution the department was authorized by the manufacturers to proceed. Before doing so. however, the department required a written pledge filed in the office that In no case would a native laborer be displaced by a foreign la state, as all of us know, are but a makeshift. Under the federal constitution, Just the moment the negro has attained the ability to read and write, or has gained property to the value of $300, you can not longer refuse him the ballot, and human ingenuity has not yet suggested a way out of this difficulty. I have shown you the strides towards this end the black man is making. Is it necessary to picture to you the horrors consequent upon the arrival of the hour when the black man gets enough votes even for the bad white man to I use? Is it necessary to recall the dark days of the reconstruction period ? I feel ashamed to ask you sensible men these questions In the light of the facts, and shall not further discuss the matter. But one thing more. Most of you know Senator Tillman; he has been about the world and In the public service considerably since he used to speak in this grove. Just before he was stricken this spring he addressed the general assembly of South Carolina in Columbia, and it was his last notable public utterance. I want the privilege of reading a few brief extracts from that address to you. and I am done. Listen carefully to what Tillman says: What Senator Tillman Says of the Negro Majority. " 'Xo thoughtful, patriotic Carolinian can forget this condition. With more than 225,000 negro majority In the state, with the constitution of the United States forbidding us to discriminate against any citizen of the United States on account of race, color or previous condition of servitude, what man with any claims of intelligence or patriotism can fall to understand the gravity of the situation and feel other than the deepest concern for our future? We dare not forget it, and we dare not omit to do anything which promises relief. What Is the relief which the safe and sane men will offer or advise? There is but one answer to that. The only question Is how to get the remedy, how to apply It?because you may send for the best physician In Columbia or in Christendom, and he may know what to do for you, but if it is a matter of surgery and he has left ' his instruments, or If it Is a matter of medicine and he cannot get to a drug store and can obtain no physic, words won't help you. What, then, ought we to do? There are two things which have suggested themselves to me. It j is absolutely our duty to try to do and never stop trying to do, because It la the very life of our civilization to ac- , complish the one or the other. We have seen that we have a negro ma- ; Jority: that that negro majority is < actively engaged with outside help < and through our taxes in preparing ] some time or other to vote. In the near future a large number of these , will be able to do so. Is it not apparent to any thoughtful man that the ( first thing we ought to set about to , neonmnlish is to eet rid of the negro majority by reinforcing the white race ? , " 'I find men who say we don't : need immigrants?we need South Carolina for our own children. I ' would like mighty well if that would accomplish the result of equalizing. 1 to say nothing about putting us in the j lead of the negroes In numbers; but . when I look around and see how many negroes also are not guilty of j race suicide. I must confess the cold- ^ blooded fact that the negroes are ( ahead of us. and unless disease or | something else shall come along and desolate these people: unless we do , get reinforcements, the struggle for . mastery as between a majority of the ( negroes and a minority of the whites is bound to come. May come any , how, as I said, but not as likely to | prove successful If we have as manv , white people here as they have got In ^ North Carolina, that Is two to one. ( I say it Is the part of wisdom and a , matter of supreme necessity that the ( people of South Carolina should use every legitimate and proper means in their power to encourage white Imml- : gration?to obtain men of our own race here. A " "NOW, wnen we come iu i'uiisiuci the possibilities and benefits in a pure- j ly business sense of the Influx of, say, 325,000 white people, the ideas which such a thought sets in motion are ^ simply startling. Such an addition to our population of thrifty, industrious, land-buying immigrants would ' more than double the value of every 1 acre of land In the state, and if we ' could by any means substitute 800,000 | of such people for the 800,000 negroes we have, the property values in the state would quadruple In a night. Coupled with the political necessity of securing white voters, I cannot conceive of any one being willing to take a backward step In the effort to obtain white supremacy in population.' " The Black Cloud That Threatens. Commissioner Watson said Senator , Tillman had made these utterances . i in the light of his long experience in ( public life. Turning to the audience j Mr. Watson said: "I have done and , am doing my best with as difficult a , task as ever was assigned to a man? more difficult because of lack of pop- , ular understanding of the necessities of the hour and the purposes of the work due to misrepresentations bred of ignorance. But. I want to ask you," he said, with great earnestness, "whether it is wiser to follow the uninformed who scream 'save your land for your children's children' or to take the only logical step that can be taken to protect the daughters of . your children from the loathsome coll of the black snake? The only step that can be taken in order that thev may have the privilege of enjoy ins their lands and preserving the standard of the race of our forefathers? As a South Carolinian, who loves the commonwealth and its people, I tell you no! a thousand times no! and I have an abiding faith that the scales artificially placed on your eyes will fall in time to enable you to so act as to avoid the horrors that, unless intelligent understanding be enthroned again, must inevitably surround our descendants." In the course of his speech Mr. 1 Watson directed particular attention to the fact that all the branches of work of the department had been pushed upon appropriations so small as to appear ridiculous to people in other states?the present annual appropriation for all expenses?except salaries?being only $4,000, and the first year only $2,000, the highest being an allowance of $10,000 In 1907, of which over $2,500 was returned to the treasury unusued; that the cost of the 1906 experiments with foreign labor was not borne by the state, but by contributors; that by different mental exertions thousands of dollars of valuable advertising?some that money could not have bought?had been obtained for the state; that the three branches cf the work had been prosecuted with less means than some departments of the government that do merely routine record work. "PEANUT POLITICS." What Mr. Bleaaa's Horn* Paptr Thinki of His Conduct. For reasons that may or may not be apparent, the Observer did not intend to take any part in the race for governor. In the first place it never supposed for a moment, and does not suppose now, that there is the slightest probability of Governor Ansel's defeat for re-election. But attacks have been made on him of such a character that we feel it our duty to take some notice of them?In Justice to him as man and governor, not as candidate for re-election. Let us say right here, that taken all round?in the quiet, diligent, business way in which he has discharged his duties, in his fairness to everybody and every Interest, in his earnest, determined stand for the right, in. his personal honesty and itegrity, in the absolute freedom of his administration from even a taint of scandal?Governor Ansel has made the best governor since Johnson Hagood. He is entitled, by faithful and efficient service, to the full benefit of the custom that prevails in South Carolina that gives a governor a second term. The governor has been attacked for the "extravagance" of his administration. The "extravagance" that is harped upon most by legislative candidates consists in the large appropriations to the higher institutions of learning in the state. These appropriations were made by the legislature; the representatives in the senate and the house are solely responsible for them. If we remember correctly there was no fight rpade on any of these appropriations in either the senate or the house. If they are too high the senators and the representatives are to blame?not the governor. He is not responsible for any appropriation that was made by the legislature, whether high or low. But he recommended an appropriation?which was not made, by the way ?for a new "governors mansion. So he did. and so did his predecessors. The truth is, the present governors "mansion" is unworthy of the state. It is simply the remnant, or unbumt portion, of the old arsenal building. In a stone's throw of it are a half dozen or more private residences that are far superior to it in every particular, except in the beauty and spaciousness of the lot. It is a fine location for a mansion, but the mansion is not there? only a makeshift. Governor -Ansel knew that if the state should adopt his recommendation and build a governors mansion, he could not occupy it, for his term of office?the second term as well as the first?would expire before it could possibly be completed. But he felt that his successor, whoever he might be, Reserved something better than the present one, and that state pride ought to furnish It. One appropriation would be sufficient, and that spread over the many years that such a mansion would last would make the cost insignificant. He appointed a negro notary public. So did John Peter Richardson and W. H. Ellerbe and B. R. Tillman and D. C. Heyward. He appointed him because he was recommended to him by white men of standing1 and character, Including two members of the legislature from the county in which the appointee Uvea. A notary public exercises no authority whatever; he only administers oaths when requested to do so; it is simply a matter of convenience to his neighbors. Away with peanut politics.?Newberry Observer. CROPS GROW WITHOUT RAIN. How the Syrian Peasant Makes Us# of the Moiat Subsoil. In Syria and Palestine from the bebeginning of April until October there Is practically no rain, yet In July the fields teem with a vigorous growth of watermelons, tomatoes, cucumbers, etc., all flourishing without artificial watering, although at that time no rain has fallen for many weeks. In fact the Syrian peasant, from the moment his seed has been sown, prays that no rain may fall. During the period of growth of a crop the surface of the soil to a depth or six or eight inches Is perfectly dry and loose. Below this surface layer will be found moist soil, in which the roots extend and grow vigorously. In this moist subsoil plants continue to grow until late autumn. When the crop is removed in the autumn the rains commence and the land Is ploughed after each heavy rain as soon as the soil begins to dry. Two primary objects are kept In view In ploughing?to furnish a favorable surface for taking up all the water and to prevent its upward evaporation from the subsoil. The great points to keep the upper six inches of soli perfectly loose and friable, so that the moisture from below Is not drawn upward and lost in evaporation, but does not ascend higher than the compact subsoil that is not broken up by the plough. For this reason the ploughing Is shallow, averaging from four to six Inches In depth. When the time for sowing the seed arrives the land is ploughed to a depth of about six inches and the seed is sown from an arrangement attached to the plough, falls on the damp subsoil and Is covered by the soil closing over behind the ploughshare. From this tlnv? the upper stratum of lose soil p/events the escape of moisture upwarc: beyond the wet subsoil on which the seeds rest and into which their roots after the process of germination spread.?Chicago Tribune. tar One hundred and fifty riremen are employed on some of the great American liners. W Berlin has a greater number of policemen, per capita, than any other city.