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lewis m. grist, proprietor.' -Jlulfpciulcnt ^imilij $tepaper: Joij the fromotion of the folitiqal, Social, Agricultural and flfoinmercial Interests of the ?outh. {terms?$2.00 a year in advance VOT,. YORKVILLE, S. C., "VVEDISTESDAY, MAY 1Q, 1898. NO. 19. IN MEty^RY OF STONEWALL JACKSON. O soot so simple, yet sublime! Wljkft faith as large and mild as that of some Benignant, trustful child. Who mounts to heaven on bright etherial stairs Of tender worded prayers; Yet strong as if a titan's force were there To rise, to act, to suffer and to dare! O soul that on our time wrought in the calm magnificence of power To ends so noble that an antique light of grace and virtue Streamed along thy way until the direst hour .. of carnage Caught from thut immaculate ray A consecration and a sanctity, Thou art not dead; thou never moro canst die, I But wide and far, where'er in Christian realms The morning star flames round the spires That tower toward the skies, thy name, a house- j hold word Jn cottage homes, by palace walls, is heard , Breathed with low murmurs?reverently. -Paul H. Hayne. j UNWRITTEN HISTORY i SONS OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION WHO WORE THE GRAY. Colonel A. U. Chlsolm Recalls Some Inter- | eating Facts In Relation to the Leaders j of the Confederacy?An Episode of the j Bombardment of Fort Sumter. [Copyright, 1893, by American Press Association^ ^ OLONEL A. R. j CHISOLM, who ! is at present a ! NewYqrk banker j ^d and a gentleman | of large means, i was ^rom the he- j ginning of the ! war the intimate j and confidential personal aid of i * 3 the late General i ^ Beauregard. In I this capacity he was brought in close ' touch with all the distinguished men of that period and participated in the historic events that marked the career of his chief. We were recently talking to- I gether about old times and personal ex- | periences when he remarked: "I rarely think of Confederate days ! without recalling the great number of officers wh<\ were Sons of the Revolution, and who, if living now. would be honored members of that organization. For instance, in General Lee we had a son of Lighthorse Harry Lee, on whom Washington so confidently reKed during the whole war of the Revolution. In General Garnett, who was killed at South Mountain, coursed the blood of General Mercer, who fell at Trenton by the side of W ashington. General Magruder bore by descent the Revolutionary name of s* Banbbead. Randolph, who became distinguished as chief of artillery, was the ] grandson of Thomas Jefferson. General Joseph E. Johnston was the son of an officer who served under Lee in his legion. Governor Floyd of Virginia was of Revolutionary stock, descended- from the Prestons and Lewises. Governor Winston, who went to the field with his regi ment from Alabama, was a grandson | of Patrick Henry, while Hampton of . *. South Carolina, with his splendid legion equipped at his personal expense, is a grandson of Wade_Hampton of Revolutionary fame. "In the same connection I cannot help ! associating the splendid officers attached ! to the staffs of our principal generals at | the beginning of the war. With Beaure- ! I (COLONEL A. R. C;nSOLM. gard, for instance, at Fort Snmter in 1861, among his volunteer aids were Governor ? hn L. Manning, one of the most courtly of men; ex-Senator James Chesnut, ex-Senator Louis T. Wigfall of Texas, John S. Preston, Roger A. Pry or of Virginia, William Porclier Miles, members of congress and others who represented the poliiical and social thought of the south. Among his regular aids were trained West Pointers ?officers like Stephen D. Lee, who afterward became a lieutenant general; D. R. Jones, who rose to the rank of a ina- j jor general, and, most important of all, General Thomas Jordan, his adjutant , general, from whose pen emanated some I of the most stirring addresses of the war." The mention of the name of the fiery WTigfall of Texas called up an episode in the first bombardment of Fort Sumter, when under the impulse of the moment Wigfall, seeing the flag of Major Ander- , son down, rowed over to the fort and in his own individual capacity proposed to conduct the negotiations for a formal < surrender. "The circumstances were \ simply these," said Colonel Chisolm. i "When the ames broke out in the fort *? as the result of the fire of hot shot from Fort Moultrie, I was ordered to proceed to Sullivan's island, then in command of | General James Simons, with instructions | that he was authorized to offer Major Anderson any assistance he might require. I passed between the fires of the two batteries. Forts Johnson and Sumter, under sail, and landing delivered my orders, offering to go to Fort Sumter with any communications that the general might have to make. LEE. JOHNSTON. GARNETT. MAGRUDER. "Wigfall however, in his impetuous * way, had jumped into a small skiff, and although called back by General Simons was on his way to the fort. Before reaching the sally port the flag was again raised. Nevertheless he was met at the ledge of rocks at the base of the fort by Lieutenant Snyder aim conduct ed to Major Anderson. Wigfall announced that, observing the condition of affairs, the flag down and the garrison in apparent distress, ho had come to receive a surrender and offer the assistance of the Confederate authorities. Major Anderson replied that the flag had been merely shot away, but had again been hoisted. Enough transpired during the interview, however, to indicate the desperate strait of the garrison, and it was not long afterward that Beauregard, learning of the occurrence between Anderson and Wigfall, sent the regular officers of his staff to the fort for" the purpose of a formal conference. It was then that the surrender took place. "The scene in the fort beggars descrip tion. Perhaps it was the more impressive because it was our first experience with war in all its grim environments. Major Anderson and liis officers looked worn, haggard and exhausted. When the fort took fire, it quickly became like a redhot crater, and the garrison were obliged to take refuge in the casemates. Even here they were followed by blazing cinders, which ignited boxes, beds and other articles that had been removed thither for safety. The air was like the blast of a seething furnace. The smoke was stifling, and officers and men alike were obliged to lie panting upon the WADE HAMPTON*. GOVERNOR FLOYD. heated floor, with wet handkerchiefs upon their faces, to save the remnant of well nigh exhausted lives. The quarters had fallen in, and there only remained the blackened chimneys above the walls. It was during this trying period that Major Anderson continued to reply to the different batteries which formed a circle of fire around him, as if determined to show to the world that he died 'game.' "Such was the impression made upon the Confederates by this display of heroism under desperate circumstances that at every flash froth the rauzzlo of his guns officers and men in the opposing batteries would leap to the crest of the earthworks and send up cheer on cheer for the gallant defender of Fort Sumter. You must remember, however, that he was no ordinary antagonist. Both he and his officers were known in the best social circles of Charleston. They were the personal friends of many of the men fighting against them, and, strango as it may seem, there was not one among the many hundreds engaged who would not have been glad to have rallied to the relief of the beleaguered garrison when in addition to shot and shell it was attacked by fire. "Our social feelings are well illus trated by an incident that occurred just prior to the bombardment. I had gone down with Colonel Ferguson under flag of truce, when Lieutenant Foster, oneoi Anderson's officers, remarked: 'Well, gentlemen, you people in Charleston maj be enjoying the luxuries of life, but here we are on mighty short rations. The claret has given out, the cigars are ex hausted, and we have nothing to otfei you in the way of hospitality but hare tack.' When we returned to lieadquar ters, I told Beauregard the condition ol affairs and suggested that he allow u.! the privilege on the occasion of our next visit to carry a supply of such article! as belonged to an officer's mess. H( readily assented, and we quickly had tlu satisfaction of contributing to the crea ture comforts of our old friends. rry fi '/ MAJOK AXDKItSOX. "I have often thought," continue! Colonel Chisolni, "that it would no j have been a difficult matter to provisioi the fort if the exact situation had beei ! known. Many a night in my own boa with my own negro oarsmen I hav rowed outside in the main ship clian nel toward the bar which was suppose! to be patrolled by our guard boats un der the command of Captain Hartsten of the old navy. Yet, strange as it ap ] pears, I have often moved upon then unobserved until I touched their gun wales. I have even crept down on then with my negro oarsmen singing with | out receiving a musket shot, and henc I infer that under similar conditions , smart naval officer with an ordinar man-of-war's yawl, having ascertained the situation, could have reached tli fort from a ship lying in the olfing. "Speaking of Ilartstene, you will n member that when tho fort was evacti ated and Major Anderson was cngagei ! in saluting the flag an explosion ot curred which killed or wounded two o three men. Ilartstene was standing b; me at the time near the foot of the flag staff. As "he flag came down I notice j that his eyes were full of tears. With voice choked with emotion he asked fo a small piece of it as a memento. It wa | torn off and given him, and he handei i mo a part of it with an expression in hi j face I shall never forget. lie had serve under it so many years in the navy tha \ r"> ^ %" ??:, %.\y to see it hauled'down, even under thos< circumstair^s, was more than hecouli bear. Indeed it was a solemn momeni to us all." F. G. de Fontaine. A NEGRO ON THE CONFEDERACY. Noble Sentiments Expressed by n Colored Member of the Georgia Legislature. During the last session of the Georgia I legislature the house of representatives 1 bod nnrlni. nnncirlnrnt-inn J1 monstire 1 known as the soldiers' home bill. There ' was a stubborn fight made against the bill by members who did not believe ! that the benefits derived would justify ! the outlay. Some stirring speeches had been made, .'hen Styles of Liberty rose and addressed the chair. At first 1 lere was the stillness of a | death chamber pervading the house; then ! a feeling of indignation came over the ! members, fern Styles is a negro, and many j felt disposed to resent anything that lie I might say against the measure, as they ! were sure that if he spoke at all he i would oppose it. But in this they were i mistaken. He spoke as follows: Mr. Chairman?I was not a Confederate soldier, but I was the servant of a Confederate soldier who fought in the late war under sucli I men as General Dowse and General Phil Cooli I for principles which he thought were right and | for principles which you now hold were right j I lovo the memory of the old soldiers, and 1 love i those now liv'ng who fought side by side witli them. For tiiese latter I am now willing to dt all in my power to relieve them in their dis tress. Why not have a soldiers' home for thesi men, who fought for a cause they believed tc be just? The United States government supports two or more homes for its veterans, and many hundreds of my own race are benefited | by those homes. Their woes of old age ami decrepitude are greatly alleviated by their estab lishmcnt. You boast of Georgia being the empiro stat< ' of the south, and why should she lag behind other states, and even the United States, in thii laudable philanthropy? The colored people oi our state would, I believe, willingly submit t< taxation for the soldiers' home. I was raisei with these veterans who suffered in war. carried their schoolbooks to the schoolhousi for them, and there was no difference, excep that I did not study from them. Now, sir , sinco Georgians are taxed to keep up a honn for Union veterans, why not bo taxed a littli more for the maintenance of their own voter ans? With these convictions, sir, and sine they ask for only SU'.WX) per annum, I gladl; i cast my vote for this monument to the patriot ; ism of old Georgia. TV,n ormoMl OTuldll llflllSO tt-Cnt. Will with enthusiasm, and the bill wen . through with a rush. A few nights later the Confederate Veterans' association o , Atlanta held a meeting, and Styles wa presented with an elegant gold headei | cane. J. D. Cleaton. ) ' I North Carolina's Confederate Monument. It has been decided that the monumen > to the North Carolina Confederate dea< i: shall be of granite. The city of Raleigl ; will provide the place for it in whi. i may be termed the most public squa.v in the city?the one in front of the nev passenger station, the monument ti i stand in the center of the square. Cap I: tain Octavius Coke has granite quarrie near here and generously offers the asso edition all the stone desired free of cost It is considered best to use stone fron i one quarry in this way, so that all ma; ; harmonize in color and texture. It is pro : posed that there shall be, upon a broa< , base, a shaft composed of 96 blocks o granite, one for each county, and sur ) mounting all a bronze statue of Henr s Wyatt, the the first Confederate kille< in the state service. Standing in tli : center of Nash square, which is stati I property, tho position of the monumen would be far more commanding than i F it were placed in the Capitol square 5 The latter square is far too small, am t the fine effect of space and elevatioi > would be lacking.?Raleigh Chronicle. 5 The Grave of Jefferson Davis. '' The grave of Hon. Jefferson Davis ii Hollywood cemetery, Richmond, will b one of the most attractive spots in tha city of the dead. The resting place of tli remains of the dead chief magistrate o tho confederacy will be on a slope ii the northwestern part of the cemeter; overlooking the James river. This spo was selected by Mrs. Davis during he visit to General Joseph It. Anderson ii ] the fall of 1891. There is an impressioi that the monument which is to be erect ed there in honor of Mr. Davis will b over the grave. This is incorrect. Tli ^ - in ..i. i Hiomiinoni Will SUIIIU ill iuumuv |iiun i which is a quarter of a mile from tli cemetery in which the ashes of the chief tain are to be placed.?Baltimore Sun. CI.'iksIc Architecture nt the Fair Ground* The work of the artists 011 the build ings for the Chicago exposition was nec essarily delayed, as most of it had to b done after the structures were com pleted, but it has made rapid progres 1 under the direction of Mr. Frank I). Mil 1 let. This gentleman, by the w y. is o '* original New England Puritan stock and does not thank anybody for callinj u him Mil-lay or mixing him up in an; f CV1JELE. i- way with the noted French artisi 1 Though but forty-five years old lie is veteran of tlio civil war, and began hi r art work with charcoal sketches while i y the army. He selected the sculptors an artists for the separate details of worl 1 and so far as completed the results sin a pass the most sanguine expectations, r As an illustration, the Agricultun s building is here taken. The painted de< d orations thereon are by Mr. George 3 Maynard, of New York, and the Pon d ' peiian style has been adopted as most i t i accord with the architecture, which : ! classic. The main entrance is like that of an ancient heathen temple. On the right Cybele, mother of Zeus and Demeter (or Ceres, goddess of grain), is presented in her chariot drawn by young lions, and on the left is the latter's protege, King Triptolenms, (o whom she gave a chariot drawn by winged dragons when she sent him forth to teach mankind the art of agriculture. The accompanying illustration is a detail sliowi ing Cybele in her chariot. CRPMf.H PUN How the Illustrated Papers of Paris Caricature Our Fair. English critics declare that the Americans of today are the most hnrnorc- s peoplo on earth. Americans have uiu.l recently been inclined to yield the pnl.:i to the French. There are, however, two i IRONCLAD VESUVIUS, kinds of fun which are to Americans much funnier than they are meant to be ?viz., the serious comments of some i very serious English writers on our society and politics, and the attempts of ' Frenchmen to bo funny at our expense It is pleasant to learn that the ill us trated papers of Paris contain caricatures of the Chicago World's fair, for it shows that Europo is interested in it, and their ideas about us are decidedly funny. One paper, for instance, gravely informs its readers that a great attraction at Chicago will be Buffalo Bill and his heroes, showing how they would r\ . i U--' i <4. ^ ' ' THE SHOWER OF ROSES. ! have routed the amazons ol' Dahomey j if only the French government had em- j 1 ! ployed them. Bill is apparently better j j known in France than any other of our ' public men. Another gives an illustration of Ve' i suvius. The volcano is to be "transported to Jackson park," and to make it j ' safe it will bo covered with boiler iron ! well riveted. Furthermore, when put on I exhibition, instead of lava and ashes it will belch forth a shower of fresh roses I | and perfume, "all of which," says the j : Parisian caricaturist, "are included in l the one price of admission." He adds that j 1 BUFFALO BILL IN DAHOMEY, i.: there will be realistic railroad accidents, b the passengers volunteering to risk life and limb in order to show forei;*ners how ? the thing is done. Also incendiary fires . i to show tho promptness and efficiency of the fire department. In short, if half 1 this Frenchman says were true, the ext position would bo a marvel indeed. f Tho Memorial Art Palace. s I The permanent Memorial Art palace. } i in which all congresses will be held, is I rapidly rising 011 the lako front, Chicago, j It will have two audience rooms, each to | 6eat between 3,000 and 4,000 people, j , i while twenty smaller rooms will afford . accommodation for from 300 to 700 par- j j ticipants each. t' ' A New Monument for Chicago. Chicago is exerting herself to put style ! and finish 011 as many as possible of her public adornments in time for tlie ' great exposition, and tho visitor thereto j will be surprised at the many new monuments of one sort or another in the city, j Among the latest is the beautiful gift of George M. Pullman, commemorating the massacre of the Fort Dearborn garrison, j Aug. 15, 1812. In that affair Black Parf tridge, who was in truth a "noble red man," rescued tho young wife of Lieu* tenant Helm from a savage who had his t tomahawk lifted to dash out. her brains, and this incident tho sculptor?Carl " Rohl-Smith?has chosen fCr his subject. 11 THE MASSACRE MONUMENT. a Behind tlic.se three an Indian is reprc" sented as killing Dr. Van Voorhis, sur0 geon of the post, and to 0110 sido lies a L' baby awaiting in childish terror the > fatal stroke. Thus there are six figures, P and the action is wonderfully lifelike, almost terrifying in its realism. The bronze group will stand on a base of polished dark Quincy granite, 10 feet high | and 8 feet by 4 feet 7 inches, at the corner of Eighteenth street and Calumet aveu nue. On and around that spot tliirtyoight soldiers, two women and twelvo _ children were on the date named killed by the Pottawatomies. f The State ltulhllngs. ,'r Nearly every state and territory in the ^ Union, as well as every foreign govern mont, will be represented at the World's fair by special buildings, in which will be special exhibits from those states, such as soils, mineral products, grains and other products, and also clubrooms for the people from those states, which they can call their own headquarters, but all of these will bo open to the public free of any charge, as will be nil other exhibition buildings on the grounds, the admission at thd gate being the only charge for the fair ! proper. These state buildings will present a variety of architecture, which will be in a measure a history of the cohntry. Califor r " { SEEN IN THE TI! A NSI'OIJT AT I ON HUILDINO. j nia will lie represented by a reproduction . ' of the old monasteries, which date back to is ! the Mexican possession of that part of the country and nrc among the most ancient remains of early civilization on the American continent. Florida's building will be a reproduction of the old Spanish fort at St. Augustine, and other buildings will be as historic. They will contain exhibits among the most interesting to the foreign visitors, because they will show what each state is able to produce and what are its natural resources. They will in many instances represent state fairs with very complete exhibits. MRS. POTTER PALMER'S HOME. win tin Mm Social Center of Clilearo During the Fair. Every reader knows by tbis time that Mrs. Potter Palmer is the presiding genius of the women's part of tho Chicago World's fair, a position to which sho is entitled by social standing, ability to contribute, executive ability, and? what is perhaps of equal importance?a capacity to get along pleasantly with any other woman. By common consent THE POTTER PALMER PALACE, her magnificent city -residence will bo the social center during the fair. All tho aristocratic entertainments in furtherance of tho fair will bo held there, and it will bo headquarters for tho ladies in control. This palatial home, often called tho Potter Palmer palace in happy alliteration, stands upon tho lako front, just 60uth of Lincoln park, and its cost was $750,000. It is built of graystone in tho style of a mediaeval castle, it nas orten been described, and an idea of its magnificence may be gained from the fact that it contains sixty-five sleeping rooms, besides a splendid array of halls and parlors. liens of Snakes. Donald Burns, a veteran animal trainer of New York, will collect and havo charge of one of the most unique and uncanny exhibits at the World's fair. It will terrify #;ny rum soaked individual on the vergo of delirium tremens to approach Mr. Bums' charges, for he will look after the snakes, and snakes only. He proposes to make this great den of snakes, which will bo placed in the National History building, one of the most startlingly realistic exhibitions ever known. Already he has more than fifty different species in readiness for the fair, and his agents ure at work all over the world in collecting serpents. World's Fair Guards. Colonel Edmund Rice, of the United States regular army, has been detached for the duty of commanding the guards for the Columbian exposition, and the force he is organizing excites the admiration of all visitors. At the opening of the year he has less than COO men, but the entire force is to be 2,500, and they are selected with unusual care and discrimination. Every man must bo 5 feet 8 inches high and pass a sfevere examination for courage, strength and intelligence. In fact a majority of those so far selected are graduates of high schools COLONEL EDMUND RICE. Colonel Rico has a brilliant military record. Bom in 1842, ho enlisted under However, Deiore giving an account ui them, it will not he amiss to describe | the appearance of Fort Hill before the work was begun. Til K <>I.I> CAl.HotrX MANSION, which has not been changed in any- j way, is about .">00 yards from the lYndleton road, and was approached through a large gate on the roadside, and a wide avenue, of oak, cedar and elm trees. In front of it was a lawn or park, enclosed and covering an area of perhaps forty acres, which was beautifully kept during Mr. Calhoun's life, in j grass and trees. The old house, which, i no doubt, was an elegant country resi- 1 deuce in those days, is two stories, with ! a porch, same height, supported by four , large white columns. There is also a 1 basement and stone steps at the differ- j cut entrances to the house. The library, where, I have been informed, ! Mr. Calhoun never read much, but did the most of his thinking, with his face buried in his hands, is about fifty feet south of the main dwelling, and imme- j diatcly over a twenty feet deep ice [ j house. The latter has been ahandonj ed a great many years, hut the former , | remains in a good state of preservation I the first call in 1801 anil was a captain in the Fourteenth Massachusetts before reaching his twentieth year. As major of the Nineteenth Massachusetts he won special mention for conspicuous gallantry at Gettysburg and came out of tlio warn colonel. His subsequent service in the regular army gave him special qualification^ for his present task. By shifting his details from one part of tlio grounds to another ho expects to have each man familiar with the who1 j ground and able to answer any question as to localities that visitors may ask. A Voting Woman Manager. Of the many talented ladies managing the women's exhibit at the Columbian exposition Mis;? Florence Todd Patterson, of Westfield, N. Y., is probably the youngest. At any rate she is the youngest of tlio members constituting the stato board of New York. She was graduated from Vassar in 18S8, lias since traveled abroad and taken much interest in va/~^srv iff Fl.OHKNCK TODD I'ATTF.IISON. rious schemes for the advancement of women. Of her appointment she says. "I suppose that I owe my appointment, for the most part, to the great affection in which this part of the world holds my I grandfather, the late George W. Patterson, who was an intimate friend and political ally of Thurlow Weed, William H. Seward and such men He held many offices, besides being repeatedly speaker of the assembly. He was lieutenant governor and also member of congress from this district." Music at tho World's Fair. Festival hall will bo a great place at tho Columbian exposition for all lovers of music, and especially for tho Germans. It will stand near the lagoon between Transportation and Manufacture halls, will bo in tho Doric stylo of architecture i sgadp:agJFESTIVAL HALL. and cost a littlo over $100,000. In tho great hall of this building many musical societies will assemble during tho fair, and some of tho finest music will bo rendered. The building is almost circular, so as to give tho greatest practicable j room for tho great hall, which is con1 structed to produce tho finest effects. IA GREAT INSTITUTION ' Interesting Story of Clemson College. PRESENT PROGRESS OF THE WORK. II Is a Legacy From America's Most Illustrious Statesman. j I)r. William Anderson Dives ti Comprehensive Aeeount of tlie Origin iinil Development of u Most Wonderful educational Achievement. | For The Yorkvillc Knquircr. Blacksiu'ro, S. C., May 8.?During ; a brief visit made a few weeks ago to | Fort Hill, once the home of South i f\,..oli.io'a iiin^t ili.it itnrilisllOll SOU ftlld I V-.l.V,.....* o 0 the nation's greatest statesman, John C. Calhoun, and now the site of Clemson college, I obtained some in forma- j tion in regard to this grand industrial i school for the hoys of the State, that I ! thought might be of interest to the renders of The Enquirer. inception ok the college. It will not he uninteresting to go , hack a few years and give the inception and progressive development of i this magnificent achievement for the I education of the youth of South Caro| linn. The idea originated in the head j and heart of no less a man than the j great Calhoun himself, and descended j through his immediate family until it j became a reality. An agricultural and mechanical college for South Carolina ! was a cherished wish and desire of Mr. Calhoun, and was transmitted to ; his daughter, Mrs. Anna C. Clemson, j wife of the lion. Tbos. (J. Clemson. j Tim plan for such an institution began ! to take shape soon after the war, through the Pendleton Farmers' so- j j ciety, of which Mr. Clemson was president, and in 1874, at the special request of Mrs. Clemson, the Hon. Wil- | liam Henry Trescott, father of our j townsman, Mr. Edward A. Trescott, j ; prepared an address "to the people of the State," upon "scientific education | as applicable to agriculture." This I exhaustive and eminently able paper, i which is an eloquent illustration of i earnest thought and remarkable re! search, set forth the great importance j of a State agricultural college, and I j presented the advantages of Fort Hill as a site for such an institution, and I offered that valuable property to the ! State, provided the college should be J built there. This address, by request | of Mrs. Clemson, was signed by a comi mittec of the Pendleton Farmers' so; ciety, and was published by a number | j of papers in the State, hut it did not ; take tangible shape, and Mrs. Clemson died in 1S7G without seeing her earnest desire realized. mr. clemson provides the way. After his wife's death, Mr. Clemson, although he became almost a recluse, - ill flio r\f mi 11 f It j .-Hill HlHWIItu ...v.. w. .... , ral college at Fort Hill, and after sever- j 1 al consultations with prominent men of j the State in regard to the character of j the institution, the course of studies to lie pursued, etc., he finally made his will in 1886 and died in 1888, leaving j to the State his entire property, except ; 28S acres of land for his grand-daughI ter, Miss Lee, and appointing as ex| ecutor, Colonel It. W. Simpson, of j Pendleton, with the following trustees for the college to he established : R. W. Simpson and I). K. Xorris, Pendleton ; ; Colonel M. L. Donaldson, Greenville; j Colonel R. E. Bowcn, Briggs; 11. K. i Tillman, Edgefield ; J. E. Wanamaker, | St. Matthews; and Colonel J. E. Brad: ley, Abbeville. A PRINCELY BEQUEST. I The gift to the State consists of 814 i acres of valuable land and #80,000, which Mr. Clcmson obtained by the i death of his brother in Washington, I). I C., several years previously. A FAMILIAR STORY. The story of how the executive committee of the State Farmers' association made the "Clemson bequest" a political issue in the campaign of 1S88, and succeeded in getting enough members elected to the legislature to accept the gift to the State and adopt it for a j State institution: of the celebrated contest over the will of Mr. Clcmson I by his grand-daughter, Miss Lee, who brought suit to have it set aside, and | how the will was sustained by the supreme court of the United States, is of too recent date and too familiar to the people, to repeat here. The out| come of it all was that the Clcmson Agricultural and Mechanical college became an assured fact, and in ! 18S9 the legislature took the initiative steps towards the work, by providing for the removal of the agricultural department of the South Carolina college, ' ) " Vvnavi mantnl ctniinn clIJll lliu i.iiUiUlliU i4A|fV/iiuiv?iiui located hitherto at Columbia, to Fort Hill. It also appropriated the State privilege tax on fertilizers, ?42,000, for building purposes; the land scrip fund, ?5,700; the Hatch fund, both appropriated by congress for experi| mental work in agriculture, and the use of fifty convicts, all for the development of the Farmers' college. It also elected the six trustees to which the State is entitled under the will, as follows : Colonel Jas. L. Orr, of Greenville ; Alan Johnstone, of Newberry; Jas. E. Tindal, of Clarendon ; Jesse ! I H. Hardin, of Chester; Colonel Stack- j house of Marion ; and II. W. Edwards, of Darlington ; all farmers'except Col- i unci Orr and Mr. Johnstone, and all j still members of the hoard except Mr. Edwards, who died soon after his election, and I). T. Kedfearn was elected by the next legislature to succeed him. j A ("IT A1. WORK COM M KN'CKl). ! In the spring of 1 SIX), the trustees held their first meeting and elected 1 Colonel R. W. Simpson president of the , board, and Dr. I'. II. E. Sloan, of Ren- J dleton, secretary and treasurer, and ! proceeded at once to the accomplish- { ment of the work for which they were | appointed. A saw mill was purchased [ and has cut from timber on the land, J nearly all the lumber used in the eon- j struction of the buildings. From two fine stone quarries on the place has I been obtained material for the founda- ! tions of all the structures and for other ! purposes. The immense quantity of i brick used were made on the premises I by convict labor, and are of excellent J quality and appearance. All the ! buildings are substantial structures, j supplied with all modern comforts and i conveniences in the way of healing, ! lighting, water-supply and ventilation, j and is used for an olfiec by Colonel Sclininatc, of (Sreenville, who lias been chosen as purchaser of supplies j for the institution. T11K K XI * K It IM K N T ST A TIO N. ('lose by where the big gate swung to and fro for the distinguished master and his illustrious guests, stands the 1 Experiment station, a good sized frame j building, well lighted with large, handsome windows, and well supplied with offices, show and seed rooms. This is where all the seeds are kept and a record made of all experimental work done in farming and gardening. It is i < in charge of Colonel J. S. Newman, 1 vice-director and general manager: J. W. Hart, adjunct professor; W. C. j 1 Welborne, assistant professor; and J. ! F. Dul're, horticulturist. Colonel Newman, who is a Virgin- j inn, and entered upon his duties in January, 1892, is also professor of ag- | riculturc, chairman of the faculty ami ' general superintendent. He is a man 1 of ability, energy and experience, practical, pushing and of line business qualili cat ions. The board certainly made a wise selection in getting him to carry j out their plans, which he is doing in a i most thorough and satisfactory man- ; ner. For the lack of space and time, I can only give a brief synopsis of the ; character and amount of work he has done up to October 31st, 1S!)2, when lie made his annual report to the i board of trustees: 165 acres of new j ground prepared for cultivation, with .all the stumps and roots entirely erad- I icatcd. In the river bottom, 2.44 miles ! of "blind" ditches, or undcrdrains laid with brick; nearly six miles of new driveways opened up ; old roads | repaired and much fencing done. The j following areas were planted in the crops named, as shown by the report of Colonel Newman, made on the 31st | of October, 1S!)2: ISO acres of new ground in corn. ;?2 acres of bottom land in corn. 10 acres in sorghum. z;>acres m wcnnua iiuuci. fi acres of corn, sorghum and other forage ! plants for experiments. :U( acres of tobacco. 7 acres of sweet potatoes. 50 acres of peas after small grain. 45 acres of peas broadcasted for bay and soil improvement. 52 acres of jx-us broadcasted in corn on the bottoms. l:{0 acres of peas drilled in new ground corn. 8 acres in cotton. 18 acres of grasses and clovers. 5 acres of |>eas for green soiling. 5 acres of rye and wheat for green soiling. 18acres prepared for wheat to 1*? sown this j week. The following areas, planted in small j grain in 1891, were harvested and ; yielded as stated below : SO acres planted, yielded of: tiats, 878 bushels. Kyo, '->!4 bushels. \\ heat, (i bushels. The following crops were harvested I to date mentioned. Hay? itcrmuda and other grass :50.!t:t tons. I Corn fodder .12.04 " lVa vines 15.IU " Sorghum fodder 1.87 " Total 100.48 " i Sorghum syrup, 1,052 gallons, gross, mill j measure. Corn gathered, 2,800 bushels, l'ens gatheied, -llTv'4 bushels. Cotton gathered, 5,000 lbs. in the seed. Cotton to be gathered, 1,500 lbs. in the seed. > Sweet potatoes, 222}^ bushels. Professor Dul're. a native South Car- j olinian, of Abbeville, and for several ! terms sheriff of his county, has every j appearance of being a thoroughly practical, systematic, intelligent and progressive farmer. His work shows for itself in the improved condition of the land he has been cultivating, the fine lots of rye, wheat, oats, clover and grasses, and can he best and briefly told in his own words, in his annual report to Colonel Newman also made October 31st, 1S92. I'ROFKSSOR DUPRK'S REPORT. Work in the horticultural department was begun on llie2stli January, 18!?2, under your general and itersonal supervision. Most of the lands alloted to us were In original forest, the remainder was in old fields ornamented with gullies, galled clayspots, Hcrmudu grass and quartz rock. All of it was poor hillside and ridgp land. Tlte gullies were the outcome of so-called hillside ditches. All these lands have been properly terraced, thoroughly cultivated, and arc now In much better condition, mechanically and otherwise, than when taken in hand. They have been planted in fruit and nut-bearing trees, gra))e vines, berry plants and vegetables. The trees and grape-vines have been planted upon the terraces, alternating each other, except in the case of Delaware and Scuppernong gra|>os, which are planted In plats to themselves. The aggregate fruit and nut-bearing trees planted, is 1,442,as follows: 2(15 apples, In variety; 241 pears, in variety: si i iu>nchiKi iiivnriotv: 170 Dlums 1100 Oriental and 70 Wifd Goose.): 21 tigs, ill variety; 24 cherries, in variety; al currants in variety;01 gooseberries,in varieties; 12quinces, in variety; 100 pecans, in variety; 12 filberts in variety ; 20 walnuts, in variety; ti chestnuts, 50 miscilaneous and. 101 mulberries (the larger |s>rtion of which are planted in hog pasture.) A total of 1,412. Of the above, only about half dozen fruit trees and about 20 pecans have died. Grain's.?1,085 grape vines and cuttings in many varieties were planted. With very few exceptions these all lived, and have put on a good growth. As in the case of the trees above mentioned, where there are six or more of one kind, they were divided and planted on different exposures. Jloth the trees and the vines have been trimmed and cultivated, and I am now making trellises for the grapes. Potuhx's.?On the 2d and 3d days of March we planted on the Pendleton road JMi-100 acres in Irish )M>tatocs as a general crop. Hut ineluded in this area were several experiments, to wit: Planting whole potatoes both by the bill and by the pound. Potatoes cut to one and two eyes, also stem ends, bud ends, middles, etc. Also experiments as to the distances and modes of cultivation. Of these experiments the yield from the bud end was the largest (407 bushels per acre) and In distances those planted 3(>.\20. The total yield of litis plat was 200 bushels, equal to 30X'., bushels per acre. On the 2d and 3d of April, we planted 105 hills, each of 47 different varieties, 30x20, in same Held as above. The average yield of this variety test was 210 bushels per acre, ranging from 04 the lowest, to 32S, the highest. It is proper to state tiiat the late planting and a short drouth just after the planting, greatly reduced the yield. A full description as to growth, time of maturity, size, shape, number of eyes, keeping qualities, etc., lias been made of each and every variety, together witli yield per acre, and will appear in bulletin at projier time. Second ("n>??.?We were prevented from making second crop by lack of labor at proper time to prepare and plant. This, as a rule, has been my best crop, and the potatoes are better kee|K>rs and better seed. Strawberries.?Seven thousand plants of different varieties were set out in March on old |H?or and cloddy land, but the plants lived, grew well, and made quite a crop of very tine berries. I am now extending this plant by setting out the runners from the old vines, and when done will have fully one acre. ()l>ser vat ions as to growth of plant, date of (lowering, size, shape and tlavor of berry have been made and properly noted down. With water supply, a very tine late or second crop could have been made, which, if the school was open, would have been very desirable. ('antaloii|M's.?forty-three varieties of cantaloupes were planted, aggregating I,">00 bills, 'flic average yield was good, especially the earlier crop. The late fruit was mostly injured by worms, of which there was a full crop. 'observations as to :ts of these varieties were made, noting date of ripening, size, sha|ie, color, thickness of rind, thickness of llesli, color and texture ol llesli, netting, corrugation, quality, etc., all of which is recorded for future reference. Meets.?of the lifleen varieties planted all did well, and proper note made of merits and demerits. Watermelons.?Thirty-four varieties planted ; all itia>11 high ridge new ground. Some varieties in duplicate to test seed grown north i and south and seed from dilfcrcnt seedsmen. I Duplicates were also found under different names, etc. Aggregate number of bills 1,205. Tests and observations of varieties as to date of ripening, size, shape color of rind, color of llesli and seed, thickness of rind, texture. tiavor, etc., wen' maclcmid notes recorded. | Tlic yield was entirely satisfactory, and ! surplus found ready sale. rueuinhors.?Thirteen varieties. I'snal notes as to size, shape, etc. Fed to convicts, hogs, etc., and several barrels packed in salt and j brine for winter use. Tomatoes.?Thirty-three varieties transplanted. Several others, seed did not {Terminate. Tested plants on both old and new ground. Result in favor of old land. (iliservations as to srrowth of plant, disease, maturity of fruit, yield, color, shaiie, weight, both gross and net, size of core and of cavity near seed, flavor, Ac., carefully made and noted. Farliest crop destroyed by worms; succeeding good. Fully half or more decayed before canning house was completed. I'ut up X.V) three-pound cans. If plant had been ready, could nave canned 2,"i()0al very small expense. In.Ilily and early in August, planted second crop from limbs or cuttings taken from old plants. An almost continuous drouth from j the timeof planting delayed the growth and ' the ripening, but they made a tine crop of i choice fruit. The vines have been taken up , and placed in basements of chapel, where a I large |M>rtlon of the fruit will ripen. As In the j case of other vegetables, a supply of water for ; irrigation would have secured a paying crop. Cabbage.?13,till plants of thirty-seven varie- | ties were transplanted, and all did well except about 1,1*10set out in the river bottom, which were killed by the overflow. These were fed to | the convicts, cattle, hogs, etc., and several bar- I rels put away in salt ami brine for winter use, and which are keeping well. The usual inein- I orauda as to date of heading, size, shape, etc., keeping <|iiiilitit-s, number of heads per 100 j plants, etc., was made and is on record. Hy I a series of accidents and other circumstances that we could not control, the entire lot of I plants intended for a fall and winter crop were i destroyed. About 1,1)00 plants of a still later planting i were set out but too late to expect a good crop. Onions.?About 1acre of silver Skin, from sets, were planted as general crop. Yield tl bushels, and entirely satisfactory. Onions rot ( I badly. one-sixth acre, phi lit i'il in yellow I inn vers Globe fromseed, produced i">bush- j i'ls large smooth onions, wliii'h are still tlrm unit soiinil. Yifhl equal to l.?7 bushels jkt uere. Ten ami a half bushels from seeil on iiuother plat. Twenty-three varieties in small plats, fmm seed, prod need sets, which sets are now growing side by side as a eont inued test. Heans.?'Thirty-four varieties of hunch or j dwarf beans and eight varieties of Lima and other pole beans. Yield of Lima and pole beans sat isfaetory. Threeeropsofbiineh beans were made, the frost catching a portion of the latest crop. Observations as to growth of plant, time of fruiting,diseases,color,shu|>o,size,tenderness, j strings, etc., of pods, were made and noted down. Product fed to convicts, and seven I barrels packed down in salt. one thousand asparagus roots. Turnips.?Planted four varieties in March. Two of these, the lied Top Munich and White j Norfolk Globe, got up to a stand. Hot It did i exceedingly well, the Norfolk Globe succeeding the Munich, and lasting until other vegetables ( came In. Something over one-half acre in Kuta Itagas, j planted in July, and two or three acres of Improved Seven Top at intervals in August and September, are doing as well or better than we vxpt'cU'il, considering the almost conunuous droutli since filatitinjr. (ttlicr vegetables have been planted and other ! experiments made, but time will not permit ; mention of them now. Taking till thecondl- ' tions and circumstances into consideration? i the quality and condition of the land, the late [ date at which the work began, the lack of j labor and of implements, anil other needed facilities?the result litis been gratifying to me. j and I hope satisfactory to you and totho board of control. WOXDEREUL IMI'ROVEMIiXTS. Ill closing my accountof the amount i and character of the work accomplished j by these gentlemen and their assistants j in the brief space of one year, and in order that your readers may have some idea of it, I will only say that an old, neglected, wushed-away and almost ! barren Southern farm, has been transformed into a place of beauty, fresh- ! ness, fertility and productivess, and as ' the years go hv, the work which they 1 have so well begun, will grow in use- J fulness and in its educating influences j upon the people of the whole State, j until the Experimental Station of : Clcinson college will become the Mecca ; of the South Carolina farmers. THE CHEMICAL LABORATORY, located about two hundred feet to the rear of the Experiment station, and on the left of the old avenue, is a handsome brick building fifty by eighty feet, two stories high and roofed with slate. The foundation is of stone and the entrance is through a wide stone arch, with the word "Chemistry" carved in the stone, and with a neat gable of brick and terra cotta over it. The building is conveniently and suitable divided into rooms and apartments for the " ai'L- fn i* u-liinli if iu ilociirnnil fin/I ic "U,IV ,U1 """ 'I " ? ; well fitted with all the modern appli- j anccs for making analyses, assaying, , etc. It is in charge of Professor Mar- j tin P. Hardin, a Virginian, a most alia- | hie and capable gentleman, as chief chemist, and Professors R. N. Brackett, F. S. Shiver and C. \V. Sims, associate chemists, all of them bright, pleasant and thoroughly familiar with their work. ACTl*AL EXPERIMENTS. During the past year, comparative . analyses have been made (327 in num- j her) of the various cattle foods, sugar ; beets grown in the State, sorghum juices, fertilizing materials used at the ; Experiment station, commercial fertili- ! zers, waters from different parts of the State (two samples having been sent | from Blncksburg), ores and minerals, ! clays, marls and subsoils. It is needless to say that this is a most important j branch of the institution, and the farm- | ers may rest assured that their hoys will he well instructed in this part of their education. In this connection. I notice an item in Professor Hardin's report for last year, that may be of special interest to l our farmers. In a series of experi- j ments made upon eleven samples of j cotton seed meal, for the purpose of ; determining the average amounts of available phosphoric acid and water- 1 soluble potash in the meal, the re- i suits showed 2.48 per cent, of the acid available and 1.57 per cent, of the potash soluble, "the analyses also showing that over 1H0 of the total phosphoric acid in the meal is available, and over 8-10 of the potash is soluble iti iimlni- A lun thnt. "nrU. nnlv nrdin ary phosphoric acid, but also meta-, and pyro-phosphoric acid, occurred in all of the samples examined. The salts of the last two acids are said to be more or less poisonous * * * and it is quite possible that some of the peculiar, and j in certain cases injurious, and even fatal elfects produced by the use of ! cotton seed and cotton seed meal as j feeding stulls, may be due, in a measure, at least, to the presence of these meta and pyro-compounds. Not far to the rear of the laboratory is THE MECHANICAL HALL, A two story brick building, 50x70 feet, with a one-story L, same si/e, and an : engine room adjoining. This building | contains a complete equipment of iron and wood working machinery and tools, in both of which departments the students will receive practical instruction. A MAGNIFICENT STRUCTURE. The main, or college building, is j located on a commanding and gently j sloping elevation, near and to the right j of the old avenue, about two hundred yards in front of the Calhoun mansion, and in full view of the Air Line rail- j road and surrounding country. It is a magnificent brick structure, three stories high. The main entrance to the first floor is through a beautiful, wide stone arch, supported by marble columns, and on which, carved in large letters, are the words "Clemson College." This ushers into a large central corridor, with president's and treasurer's rooms, four lecture rooms, and a large j assembly hall.. The west entrance, ! fronting the old mansion, is also handsomely arched in terra cotta, with the word "Agriculture" carved in large letters. It leads into a spacious hall, from which ascend wide and easy stairs, to the second story, where are aicn loi'tnro rnnms. and an eleirant library apartment. The third story contains society rooms and a museum. All of the rooms are ofgrand and handsome proportion and are elegantly furnished. The main feature of the front is a large and handsome clock tower over a hundred feet high, which, with the wings at each end, finished above the main cornice j with roof gables and ventilators, pre- j seats a most imposing and attractive appearance. To the l ight of, and connected with the college, is the chapel, also of brick, one story high, with open timbered roof, spacious rostrum and gallery, inclined floor and a seating capieity for 8U0 persons. The whole building is designed in the latest style of collegiate architecture, and is, no doubt, one of the handsomest in the country, and one of which any State might well he proud. Just below, on the same slope, and of easy access, is THE DORMITORY or home for the students, a three story brick building, plainly, hut well constructed, with IfiO rooms, each 15x:57 feet, wide halls, guard and store rooms and a mess hall 134x44 feet, with floor of cement. COOK 1NU A It It A NO E>1KNTS. Adjoining the latter is the kitchen, 50x37 feet, furnishes with two large ranges, a coffee pot with a capacity of seventy-five gallons, and all the latest improvements for culinary purposes. HOMES OF THE PROFESSORS. In addition, there are ten two story brick buildings for the professors, built after the latest styles of architecture, witli nil ttin modern comforts and coil veniences, and surrounded by tastefully arranged grounds ; nine six-room cottages for associate and assistant teachers, fourteen smaller wooden building for the employees, an infirmary for sick students, which will be suitably furnished and have a competent phy sician with a matron and nurses in charge: a steam laundry with all modern appliances, several large hot houses, a large stable, built after the most approved pattern, and a two story frame barn, which has in it stalls for 100 cows and <5 silos; and on the second floor, space for large quantities of forage. REGISTERED CATTLE. There are four breeds of registered cows belonging to the institution at present, viz: Holstein, Devon, Jersey and scrub. The milk of each cow is weighed and tested for its butter producing properties. The herd will be increased in numbers and breeds, and the erection of a large dairy is contemplated in the near future. The college building, chapel and II Krt Kniitn<] l\t? clou m UU11IJIIU1>, ?JI1 i;u lltlUV.W UJ and lighted by electricity, and in addition to the unsurpassed natural drainage, there will be a complete system of sewerage for the whole place. And now, a few words as to the financial condition, courses of study, terms for board and tuition, etc., of this splendid institution, which promises so much for the boys and youth of South Carolina, and through them, it is hoped, will prove a true conservator of her welfare and prosperity. To begin with the first, and at home, it will be remembered that the last legislature, by request of the trustees, appropriated $50,000 to linishand equip the college. The following afhounts will also lie turned over for the use of the college, viz: $48,000 from the State; privilege tax on fertilizers this year; $8,621, interest on Clemson bequest; $5,754 interest on land scrip fund, U. S. The above funds, aggregating $107,375, can be used for any purpose connected with the college, at the discretion of the trustees. The Hatch fund, appropriated by congress, will be $15,000 a year, and is required to be used only for experimental and educational work. The Morrill fund? also from the U. S. congress?will be $15,000 to $25,000 a year for educational purposes exclusively, and $33,000 of this fund has accumulated, $0,000 of which will be available the first of July next. In summing up their work in their latest report to the general assembly, dated October 31st, 1892, the trustees say that the entire amount received by them from all sources, since the commencement of the college in 1S90, was $18G,GS2.20, from which sum was paid the expenses of the State fertilizer department, leaving them a net revenue for .the college of $109,375.90, of which amount there was expended in tools and machinery, mules, wagons, clearing, ditching, roads, furniture, insurance, material on hand, etc.,' $32,571.39, leaving $130,804.51 to represent the cost of all the buildings. The value of the buildings at that date was $105,000 ; the amount of $28,195.49 representing the convict labor and the economical management of the board. From my porsoual observation I will only add that I believe the money to have been judiciously expended. Singularly good taste and intelligent discrimination haVe been shown by the board, and they have, so far, faithfully performed their trusts, with an evident view to the permanency of the work and the great good it is intended to accomplish in the Stale. The courses of study will be exclusively English, and designed "to teach ' the sciences relating to the practical business affairs of life, anjl the application of the principles of these to the industrial arts, giving especial prominence to agriculture and mechanics." The primary course will consist of "a thorough training in the English language and literature, history and mathematics." There will be two degree courses for undergraduates. 1. A course in agriculture and chemistry. 2. A course in mechanics and engineering, each leading to the degree of Bachelor of Science, (B. Sc.) and will require four years for completion. The English language aud literature will be continued in all the classes. There will also be a two years' course in agriculture and mechanics each, and students, upon completing them, will ronoU'n insfpnd nf .a dinloma. a eerti <VVV*f V, w- ? ?-X 1 ? ficatc showing what they have accomplished. For hoys who do not have to pay tuition, the expense of attending the college will he as follows, per session of ten months: Board $70.00 ; medical attention, $5.00; washing, $5.00; uniforms and clothing, $24.00, total $104.00. Board, which is to be furnished at actual cost of provisions and service, is to he paid for monthly in advance. Students who perform extra labor not necessarily educational, will receive compensation at a rate not to exceed 9 cents per hour, and in this way may greatly reduce their necessary expenses. w. a. Don't he too Fink.?Dr. Thad Davidson in his book for young men, "Forewarned, Forearmed," hits out at the "line young man" in this style: "He admires a scarf or a breast-pin, and, as he must have it, he purchases on credit, and ten to one, before he has money to pay, the one is threadbare or the other is lost; and so he grudges payment and is tempted to evade it. Thus the mischief grows. Don't seek to be too line. Be manly enough to appear just as you are. Be content to begin life at the beginning, "and wait as others have done before you, till your income warrants this or that unnecessary indulgence. It is an awkard-looking arrangement when a youth begins with the large end of the horn and comes out at the small end." To Control Ocean Waves.?An ingenious invention, and one which is likely to supersede oil as a means of "smoothing ocean's troubled breast," lias recently been 011 exhibition before the Paris "Central Society for Saving Life in Shipwrecks." When this device is put in operation, the surface of the ocean around vessels will be covered with a thin cotton or silk net, which will be rendered unsinkablc (in the language of the inventor, it is to he made "unsubmersible and ever lloating") by being dipped in a special chemical solution. The idea was at first broached by a man a who had noticed that a region covered with seaweeds was also a region of "calms." Thrtca u-lm nvn nlamnriiKr fnr Spr? tfW 1 IIUW ntiu Ul V rotary Carlisle to stop the payment of jxoltl for silver certificates ignore the palpable fact that the policy now pursued by the administration provides the only way by which silver can be maintained on a parity with gold. The moment the secretary refused gold and tendered silver dollars in payment for silver certificates, gold would go to a premium. Nothing would please Wall street better than that, for with its*$70,000.000 of hoarded gold it would be able to reap a rich profit.? Atlanta Journal. flay* Colorado is coming to rank high as a coal producing State, and it is probable that her coal resources will eventually prove a more important and valuable factor in the progress and prosperity of the State than her famous silver wealth. The coal output last year was 3,770,000 tons, worth over $15,000,000, and the number of miners now employed in the coal mines throughout the State exceeds 8,000. flfce" It is said that Chicago water has : bugs In it. But even this is better I than whisky with snakes in it.