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Jtoajus and Jfactsi. |! ? 11 ? Gen. Longstreet, it is believed, will be re-1' tained in the diplomatic service of the government under the new administration. ? The women of Minnesota are contending ( for the right to vote on the liquor question, so vital to them. Bishop Foster, of the Meth- , odist Church, and Bishop Whipple, of the Episcopal Church, are sustaining the women in their effort. ? Six miles from Pauola, Mississippi, lives a colored woman who weighs 470 pounds, who has given birth to twins aunually for the last three years. Her name is Millie Williams,! and it tafces a whole wagon to carry ner , around. ? Six members of the Senate are foreignborn. Messrs. Farley, of California; Fair, of Nevada; Jones, of Florida; and Sewell, of New Jersey, are Irishmen. Senator Jones, of Nevada, was born in England, and Senator Beck, of Kentucky, in Scotland. ? Senator Bayard has written a letter to the Delaware Legislature advising them not to take any action on the subject of prohibitory legislation ; that such legislation is contrary to Democracy, which allows individuals liberty as to eating, drink, <fec. ? The Boston Herald publishes a table showing that eleven Fall River, mills, which it names, paid in the year 1880 average dividends amounting to 19 per cent, per annum. The highest rate of dividends was 40 per cent., and the lowest 11 per cent. Stocks in these properties worth a par of 100, are quoted at 140, 170, 175, and 185. ? The municipal goverBment of Rome has ordered the destruction of the famous Ghetto buildings, where Peter and Paul are said to have lodged, and where the Jews were confined during the Inquisition. The Ghetto has long been the most squalid quarter of the city, and its destruction will be a great improvement. ? A New Hampshire farmer recently agreed to sell his farm for 82,000, but when the day came he told the expectant purcbaser^hat his wife was in hysterics about the trade, and he "guessed he would have to back out." The purchaser complained, and finally asked how much more would induce him to sell. '"Well," replied the thrifty son of the Granite State, "eive me 8250 more and we'll let her cry." ? Justus H. Schwaub, the noted Communist, had a red flag flying over bis beer saloon, in New York, on Monday, as a token of rejoicing over the assassination of the Russian Emperor. He was outspoken in his pleasure over the assassination, regarding it, as he claimed, "as the Lord's will." The Communists in New York have called a meeting "to sympathize with the Russian Nihilists and rejoice in the death of the Czar." ? A distinguished British scientist predicts a great drought this summer as the historical sequence of the great frosts of the p^st winter. He quotes various instances, ranging from the second century to the present time, to confirm his theory. The drought may, or may not come, Dut farmers will do well to subsoil carefully. Too much, as well as too little rain is mainly injurious to lands plowed shallow. ? Gen. Upton, of the United States Army, and author of Upton's Tactics, committed suicide in San Francisco on Tuesday night of last week, by shooting himself through the head. The coroner's jury found a verdict of suicide due to overtasking his brain and expected failure of a revised edition of his Tactics on which he was engaged. He graduated from West Point in 1861 and was in the artillery service. ? M. Blerzy describes an interesting experiment in physics which is readily performed by any person. Place an iron pot full of water on the fire. When the water is boiling vigorously remove the pot. Then, if the hand be brought in contact with it, only a moderate heat is felt. But immediately the water ceases to boil, the sensation of burning is received.^ The only risk attending the experiment, states M. Blerzy, is that of black. ening one's hand. The Permevlvania Pailrnarl ha? nearly completed a monster locomotive, intended to make the run between New York and Philadelphia, a distance of about ninety miles, in ninety minutes. Each of the driving-wheels, including the tire, weighs two tons and is six feet in diameter. Heretofore there has been difficulty in accomplishing sixty miles an hour, though it has been occasionally done. If the new engine succeeds, five others will be built. ? An old miner, who has had fifteen years' experience under ground, says that he has observed one peculiar fact, that between 12 and 2 o'clock in the night, if there is a loose stone or bit of earth in the mine it is sure to fall. Says he : "About this time it seems that everything begins to stir and immediately after 12, although the mine has been as still as a tomb before, you will hear particles of rock and dirt come tumbling down, and if there is a caving piece of ground in the mine, it is sure to give way." ? The Yorktown Centennial Association, which has recently been incorporated under the laws of Virginia, and, which was organized to promote and secure the proper celebration of the one hundredth anniversary of the surrender ofCoruwallis at Yorktown, has established headquarters at the Exchange Hotel, Richmond, Va. To night the association will formally open its rooms and fling to the breeze the French and American flags. The First Virginia regiment will turn out in honor of the occasion, and there will also be addresses delivered by Governor Holiday, Hon. A. M. Kelleyand others. ? The impression prevails that the "boom" in business is to last several years. The political sky is clear; peace and good order prevail. Business of all kinds is in a healthy state. The railroad earnings are satisfactory, although they have*just passed through a very severe winter; the furnaces are all in full blast and the factories crowded to keep up with their orders. Building is active, and so are the mines, and so is speculation. Do mestic*production is increasing and iraforts are declining. It is foolish then to predict that the period of prosperity, of expansion and investment, will soon be ended. There may be flurries in particular markets, but the mass of the people need not, and will not heed them?certainly not the artificial ups and downs of Wall street ? Judge Jameson, of Chicago, granted a divorce to a wife on the ground of habitual drunkenness in her husband, though the evidence showed that the man was no more than a very moderate tippler. "Is he fit," his Honor argued, in his remarkable decision, "to be the father of his wife's children ? The greatest cruelty that can be inflicted upon a woman is to make her the mother of children likely to become drunkards. The Legislature would be justified in providing that, where a man has so indulged in drink as to j have tainted his blood and thus made it | probable that his offspring will take by inheritance a tendency to vicious courses, that [ fact alone should be good ground for a di- i1 vorce, although he may in all other cases ; be a kind, indulgent husband, able and wil- j ling to give his wife an abundant support." ? A Washington letter says: "When Gen. Hancock was here during the inauguration ceremonies, a warm friend of his said that he ; thought it was perhaps better after all that 1 the General had not been elected President. Gen. Hancock concurred heartily in this expression, and said that he had no regrets , whatever on the subject. While in Washington he was the recipient of a great deal of social attention, and j|ps a favored and honored guest in the household of a number of leading Republicans. He expressed himself as much pleased and gratified with his visit. ; He was told of an utterance of Governor ( Jewell, the chairman of the Republican | national committee, made last September, to i1 the effect that he bad so much respect for j Gen. Hancock that he would allow nothing personally abusive of him to emanate from Republican headquarters. General HaDcock said this was a real compliment to have been 3aid in September, when the partisan fever j was at its height. He added laughingly that i every one said pleasant things of him now, as j we were all at peace." ahe fforMIr flhuptiw.i I YORKVILLE, S. C.: THURSDAY MORNING, MARCH 24,1881 THE FACTORY MOVEMENT. We feel that no apology is due for the space which we have recently devoted in our columns to the subject of cotton inanufacturt* ?1.? iU? iug, as also the amount or matter m me present issue on the shine subject. The advantages to be derived from such an establishment, and the profits sure to accrue, have been fully set forth from indisputable facts; and we are gratified at beiug able to annouuce that already a feeling of interest has been awakened among our citizens on this important question. We would ask a careful perusal of the prospectus of the York Cotton Mills, which we publish this week, to the capital stock for the proposed erection of which, many of our most prudent and sagacious citizens have subscribed, and effected a temporary organization, as announced in the prospectus. Citizens of Yorkville have already subscribed $25,000, and with this exhibition of their faith in the enterprise as a profitable investment, they issue to the people of the county a prospectus of the scheme, not seeking an augmentation of the capital stock' in the nature of appealing to the public for aid in some doubtful or charitable undertaking, but to give those having funds to invest, an opportunity for a safe investment that will yield a certain and satisfactory return. There is plenty of unemployed capital in York to build several cotton mills, there is plenty of room for them, and if those having funds to invest will only give the subject proper attention and investigation, we feel assured that this projected scheme will be an accomplished fact. ORGANIZATION OF THE SENATE. The reorganization of the United States Senate was effected on Thursday last, on a Re?i? i-? . .1? T7!.. h :J .? puoncau oasis, oy lue v ice rresiueui a cusuug vote, which is Attributed to the defection of Mahone, of Virginia, who voted with the Republicans. The Republicans, by fillibus tering, delayed the reorganization until the presentation of the credentials of W. P. Frye, as Senator from Maine. When Mr. Hale presented the credentials of Mr. Frye, he said that was what he had been waiting for all these days, and here it was at last. Mr. Frye took the oath, the Senate was full* and was once again under Republican control. After some parliamentary tactics, in which the Democrats were met by a precedent set by no less a Democrat than John C. Calhoun, the Republican report on committees was read and adopted by the Vice President's casting vote, the Senate standing 37 to 37i With the exception of some of the minor committees, the chairman and majority of the committees are Republicans. Johnston, of Virginia, is chairman of the committee on revolutionary ciiaims, and liarris, of Tennessee, of the committee on epidemic diseases. Hampton is on the military and the select civil service committees, and Butler on the standing civil service committee?this being the only committee on which he is honored with a place. THE COLUMBIA CANAL. The people : f Columbia, in order to secure a cotton factory ou the canal, having wisely determined to rely upon themselves, and not depend upon foreign aid and capital for their long cherished wish, hare finally concluded arrangements by which Thompson and Nagle have-disposed of their entire interest, rights and franchises in the Canal, acquired under act of Assembly, and the deed obtained from the canal commissioners, as well as all other property held by them iu connection therewith. The organization acquiring these rights is represented as being composed of the best and most influential men of Columbia. The terras agreed upon are favorable to the purchasers, and a plan of organization has been adopted under the name of "The Columbia and Lexington Water-Power Company," for which a petition has been filed for the incorporation of the company, with a capital of not less than UaOO,000 nor more than $1,000,000. Over $90,000 in subscriptions has been obtained in Columbia, and it is conceded that at least $125,000 will be subscribed in that city. The remaining amount of stock, it is confidently believed, will be taken iu Charleston and other portions of the State. SOUTH CAROLINA NEWS. ? Mrs. Black., the wife of Col. John L. Black, died at her home iu Fairfield county, on Thursday night last. ? Great complaint is made of the scarcity of farm laborers in the western part of the State. Immigration, it is thought, is the only means of providing for the deficiency. ? Since the adjournment of the Legislature, the comptroller-general has cancelled over $25,000 worth of the bills of the Bank of the State. ? Dr. Horlt ck, the City Registrar of Charleston, positively denies the truth of a rumor which is being circulated to the effect that small pox prevails in Charleston. ? Mr. J. A. H. Brinsdora, of Pendleton, has a Spanish coin dated 1440. It is square, and bears the imprint, "Macquina." It was made fifty years before Columbus discovered America. ? In Columbia, one day last week, Henry Meeks, the treasurer of the colored Odd Fellows in that city, was committed to jail for embezzling the funds of the society entrusted to his keeping. ? The A. R. Presbyterian of last week says: "We regret to .learn this (Wednesday) morning, that there is no material improvement ' in Dr. Bonner's condition. He did not rest < well last night; and the loss of sleep, in connection with this malady, has left him very much prostrated." ? W. B. Sloan, of Blackstocks, Chester , county, was recently brought before a trial < justice under an indictment charging him with selling spirituous liquors to the minor 3on of J. C. Mackorell, of that place. Sloan pleaded guilty to the charge, and was sentenced to pay a fine of twenty-five dollars and the costs of the proceedings. ? A correspondent of the Greenville Enterprise says that in twenty-five counties of this State the following petition is now being circulated, viz: "To the Honorable, the Legislature of South Carolina: We, the undersigned, most humbly and urgently entreat your honorable body to pass a law totally prohibiting the manufacture and sale of ardent spirits as a beverage in our State." ? On Thursday last, about six miles wts: of Gaffney City, Jake and Lum Harris, white, killed a mulatto named Edward Bridges. The difficulty arose from Bridges being too 1 intimate with a sister of the Messrs. Harris. Bridges went to the field where the two former were at work and provoked a dispute. The latter have not tried to escape, and express their willinguess to await the decision of the law. ? The Rev. J. M. Runion died in Green ville, a week ago last Friday. He was the auditor of Greenville county during the Republican administration in the State, a prominent local politician and editor of the Greenville Republican. He-removed from the State after the political revolution of 1876 to Pennsylvania where he had charge of a Baptist church. He returned to this State about two months ago. , ? Fanny Minter, the twelve year old daughter of Mr. John R. Minter, who lives at Cross Keys, in Union county, was so badly burned on Tuesday morning of last week, that she died from the effects of her injuries at five o'clock in the afternoon. In passing before the fire in the dining room, the unfortunate girl's dress became ignited. In at tempting to extinguish the flames, Mrs. Min ter, the mother of the girl, was so badly burned that she will probably not live. ? As the immediate fruits of the efforts ol Col. A. P. Butler, the acting commissioner of immigration, to induce immigrants to South Carolina, the first batch, consisting ?of nine men, one woman and a child, arrived in Columbia last Friday. They are all from one neighborhood in the province of Westphalia, Germany, and are an intelligent, sturdy, sober looking set of people. They are all farmers except two, one of whom is a cigar-maker and the other a brick maker. Their ages are from 26 to 35 years. Most of them will obtain employment with Mr. Stribling, proprietor of#the Clement Attachment, at Westminster, Oconee county. Another installment of 24 is soon expected, to be followed, it is to be hoped, by many more. NORTH CAROLINA NEWS. ? The Shelby Aurora says the South Caro lina stock law will force the farmers of Ruth erford county, who live along the line, to keep their stock under fence. ? The new school bill, adopted by the recent Legislature, levies a tax of 12J cents on the 8100 valuation of property and 371 cents on the poll?an increase of 50 per cent, over the old appropriation. ? The ceutennial anniversary of the battle of Guilford Court House was celebrated on the 15th instant. The exercises of the day were held in Greensboro, though the battle ground is five miles distant from the town. ? The Observer says the liquor men of Charlotte are discussing the question of call ing a convention in view of the prohibition election in August. Goldsboro, they think, is the most eligible place. The object of the convention will be organization for the campaign and an official expression of their posi tion, and other matters incident to the election. They think that the convention should be at as early a day as possible and will soon call attention formally through the papers to such necessity. YORK COTTON MILLS. A number of citizens of Yorkville and vicinity, impressed with the practicability and advantages of cotton manufacturing in those communities where the staple is produced, have determined to organize a cotton mill at Yorkville, South Carolina, under the above name, for the nurnose of sninnina yarns. A capital of twenty-five thousand dollars has already been subscribed to the enterprise by citizens of the town of Yorkville, and a temporary organization effected by the election of Joseph F. Wallace, President; T. s. Jefferys, Treasurer; J. L. Clark, It. J. Latta, L. M. Grist and F. IIappkrfield, Directors. As soon as a capital of seventy-five thousand dollars is subscribed, a permanent organization will be perfected, in such form as may be most acceptable to a majority of the stockholders. It is a condition of these subscriptions, that the full amount of capital necessary to build, equip and operate the factory, be subscribed ' before any subscriptions are to be paid.' The enterprise must be started free of any liability and upon its own capital. It is proposed to locate the mill at Yorkville, and operate it by steam power. This place assesses advantages of abundant and cheap labor, cheap and abundant fuel, and the amplest facilities of communication with commercial centres by rail and wire. As to the practicability of steam as a successful motive power in comparison with water, the most careful investigations have been made, the results of which have convinced all who have become interested in the enterprise, that steam-power, under ordinarily favorable conditions, can be used as advantageously as water power. The following are some of the reasons: The original outlay of capital is from onefourth to one-third less for a given amount of machinery. The production is greater and 1 the work better, arising in great part from the i certainty, steadiness and thorough control of i Hip mntivp nnwpr All these advantages com- ! V,,V "*V V* ' ^ I'V ..V-. ? - ' O " I billed, in the opinion of the most eminent , mill engineers, and under the experience of ( practical operators, place steam power practically on a level with water power, while many who have .used both, claim the superior advantages of steam. At the request of the stock- ' holders, Mr. Joseph F. Wallace, the tempora- ( ry President of the organization, and Mr. A. s W. Ingold, recently visited the steaim woolen < and cotton mills of Messrs. F. & H. Fries, at | Salem, X. C., for the purpose of obtaining in- j formation from parties who have been engaged ( in operating factory machinery with steam power. From the written report of these gentlemen, submitted to the stockholders, we 1 make the following extract : ' The Salem Woolen Mills, as they are fa- ' miliarly known, have been in operation ever since the year 1840, during the whole of which . period they have been driven by steam power only, not being even situated on a water course, i The experience and practical knowledge, there- j fore, of the proprietors, as between steam and water, has been coniined exclusively to the for- > mer as the motive power, and they could not j institute that comparison which they said . might be necessary, in view of conflicting opinions as to the relative merits of either, t 'or a fair elucidation of the subject. But as a practical man, thoroughly conversant with the requirements of the power used in driving majhinery for the manufacture of fabrics, Mr. j Henry E. Fries had no reservation in declaring his preference, unqualifiedly and unreservidly, in favor of steam over water; and as evi- I lence of his preference, he said if such a thing J jould be as the substituting of water for steam j power at their mills, without subjecting them to a cent of expense in making such a change, j tie would not be willing to do so. This, lie j ?aid, if not an argument in favor of steam, was certainly the strongest language he could I employ to enforce his position. Another point lie urged, which to him was an argument more , forcible than any theory, is the fact, that numbers of New England factories, as favorably located on water as any, are discarding water power, substituting therefor steam, though not changing the location of the mills. A t New England manufacturer, he thinks, would j not substitute steam for water power if he did not perceive economic advantages in making such change. He also pointed to their present enterprise as further evidence of his faith in steam. With their - past experience of forty ' years with steam, were it attended with dis- ] advantages, they would not have invested the . necessary capital in the erection of their new building, in which they are now placing 0,480 snindles. 180 looms, and the necessary prepara tory ?iih1 finishing machinery, all to be driven exclusively by steam. ' Arguments in favor of ] water over steam, perhaps at onetime applicable. are inapplicable now, owing to the high 1 degree of perfection attained in the construction of engines, combining the greatest ( amount of power with almost absolute safety, at an expense much below the cost of steam a few years ago, when the steam engine was comparatively in a crude state and objections to it were plausible. uIIe, however, preferred to give us the benefit of the opinion of a capable employee in his establishment, Mr. E. C. Rominger, who has had forty years' experience in the business, eight years of which time were with cotton factories 011 Haw liiver, driven, of course, by water power alone, and the remaining portion of the period, or thirty-two years, with steam power exclusively. Mr. Rominger was decided in his preference for steam. First, he said as to location. If water be the motive power used, of course you must locate your factory 011 the site of the power, which, in the majority of cases, is in some inaccessible region, cut off from all ready means for rapid, prompt and cheap transportation facilities, so important in the prosecution of any enterprise in which capital is embarked with the view of making satisfactory returns. As regards location, when steam power is used, he said that need be determined only by a never-failing supply of water for the engine. Re sure you have that, and vou mav locate where you will. "As to the relative cost as between a properly constructed dam and race for water power, and a steam engine, he expressed the opinion that a dam and race, taking out of consideration the question of location, would cost more than the most expensive engine, while the results of the water power cannot, under any circumstances, be so satisfactory as if steam were employed. This he accounted for by showing that the supply of water in the pond, or reservoir, is too variable to admit of running with uniform speed?a great desideratum in tlie manufacture of goods of uniform quality. If the supply of water, said he, could always be maintained at a uniform quantity, then there would be no difficulty ; but this would be impossible. The force varies through the day, as the water flows from the pond to the driving wheels, and in addition to this, the supply in the pond varies with wet and dry seasons, and frequently, during the rainy seasons, the water supply is too heavy, thereby preventing the machinery from running, which is equivalent to having an insufficient supply, either of which contingency is liable on almost any stream, and against which the skill of man cannot successfully contend. "On the other hand, the cost of an engine being no more than constructing a dam, and lie was inclined to think it would at the present time be even less, you would have it in your power, with steam, to control the speed of the machinery, the importance of which he had already alluded to, and besides this, in his opinion, very important consideration, the mills would never be subjected to the contingencies of drought at one season or high waters at another ; while the advantages thus ?k., itonvlo mimnnir kvmilfl gillilCU uy Sicaiil lli unp JCAi Oiumuu^ ?T WV..V. more than counterbalance the expense incurred for generating steam. "This is the substance of the views expressed by Mr. Rominger, as before stated, a man of skill, good judgment and practical knowledge, who has long held the position of foreman, in which capacity he is employed by Messrs. Fries, in all of which Mr. Fries, from a lifelong experience with steam, and the result of his observations and such theoretical knowledge as he had been able to obtain, fully concurred." The results of the inquiries made there and elsewhere, giving practical experiments upon these subjects, are of a character so entirely satisfactory, that no doubt is left upon the minds of the undersigned that a steam cotton mill, favorably built and operated, with wood at not exceeding $2 per cord, is the equal in point of paying capacity of a mill of the same equipment built at a water site located five miles distant from a railroad and operated by water power. The undersigned, by a resolution of the stockholders, were appointed a committee to set forth the conditions and prospects of this enterprise, and to invite investments of capital in its aid. Subscriptions will be received in shares of Five IIundkei> Dollars each. After the requisite capital is subscribed and a permanent organization effected, these subscriptions will be called in by assessments as money may be needed, which will probably extend over a period of one year, or more. We commend the enterprise to the thoughtful consideration of those who have money to invest in an undertaking that, above all others, gives promise of satisfactory returns, and, at the same time, tends to promote the prosperity of the country by furthering the development of 1 our immense home resources. i It is proposed to conduct this enterprise as a matter of business for the benefit of the stocKholders. Subscriptions to the capital stock will be received by the President or Treasurer, or by either of the undersigned. Jas. F. Hart, J. L. Clark, R. J. Latta, 1 J. W. P. Hope, i t. d. wltiierspoon, i ii. F. Adickes, Jr., j John F. Oates, , John R. Asiie, , T. S. Jefferys, W. Porter Gooi>, J. F. Lindsay, M. IX, Jos. F. Wallace. 1 Yorkville S. C., March 23,1881. < mere-Vention. . j J. Stanley Brown, of Ohio, has been ap j pointed the President's private secretary. A firm of publishers in New York has examined over a thousand manuscript novels during the lust fifteen years, and has accepted but two of thein for publication. Alexauder H. Stephens pronounces Mr. Garfield ^ the most intellectual President since Thomas r Jefferson. The Green backers of San ^ Francisco endorse the assassination of the c Czar. The probability is that President Sarfield will couvene Cougress in extra ses non about the lbth of May. uea. do- j ^ teph E. Johnston lias permanently fixed his J j residence in Washington. The deaths j I in the city of New York, for the week ending ' :he 16th instant, numbered eight hun- j ^ ired. Judge Purdee, of New Haven, j lent a man to prison for thirty days because 1 I vhen his wife wus about to testify against hint, j 1 le shook his head at her. i Thirty four bills and one joint resolution j ,o prohibit the sale of intoxicating beverages, j ^ lave been introduced into the Arkansas Leg- J slature. On Saturday last, at Fort Scott, Kansas, snow fell to the depth of twelve ^ nches.""""* A. Keene Richards, a noted urfinan of Kentucky, died at Lexington in f hat State on Sunday last. LOCAL A77AIBS. 1 I NEW ADVERTISEMENTS. '. A. McLean, Judge of Probate?Citation?W. ; N. Elder, Applicant?J. B. McConuell, deceased. j. M. Grist? Executor's Sale. Veils Brothers?Mill Machinery. )r. James A. Gleuu?Dental Surgery. _,atta Brothers?Family Groceries and Plantation Supplies. Kennedy Bros. A Barron?Moved to the North. ! Jerndon Brothers?'Turbine Wheels?WagonsFlour?Hanis?Plows. Innter, Gates <fe Co.?Enormous Reduction in Winter Goods. 0 Vithers Ad iekes-Seeds, Ac. jatimer A Hemphill -Millinery. ? CIRCUIT COURT. Circuit Court for York count}', his Honor Judge Fraser to preside, will convene on Monday next. MORE HEAVY BALES. rv ir % t . n . T Tt n 1 un Monday last, uapt. ?j. n. tjaruner lought three bales of cotton from Mr. D. M. Hall, the aggregate.weight of which was 2,124 pounds. The heaviest hale weighed 892. GEN. MICAII JENKINS. The body of Gen. Micah Jenkins, who was killed in the Wilderness in 1864, and buried it Suranierville in this State, was exhumed on Wednesday of last week and taken to CharlesIon for interment in Magnolia Cemetery. DEATH OF Mrs. DOBSON. We regret to announce the death of Mrs. Fannie L. Dobson, wife of Mr. T. M. Dobson, which occurred about 12 o'clock on Tuesday last, after a painful illness of several weeks. Mrs. Dobson was an accomplished lady and a devoted wife and mother, not less respected for her energy and industry, than the true womanly grace that adorned her character. MOVED IN. Messrs. Kennedy Bros. & Barron having nearly finished their new store?a handsome two story brick building on the "Sadler lot"?have just moved their stock into it. When entirely finished, the house will present a neat appearance, and prove another acquisition to the substantial improvements of the town. RECENT DEATHS. Henry Wilds, a noted character about Yorkville, died in the county p.ior house on the 18th instant, aged 88 years. " James K. Wagoner, colored, died in this place on Saturday night last. During the days of reconstruction and the Radical regime, he was conspicuous as a local Republican politician, and until the accession of the Hamptou Government held the office of Tri al Justice. CHURCHES NEXT SUNDAY. Services will be held in the churches next Sunday as follows : Methodist Episcopal ?Rev. Marion Dar gan, Pastor. Services at Philadelphia in the morning, and at Yorkville iu the evening. Associate Reformed Presbyterian?Rev. R. Lathan, Pastor. The pastor wiU'fill his regular appointment at Tirzah next Sunday. Church of the Good Shepherd? EpiscopalRev. R. P. Johnson, Rector. Services at the usual hours, morning and evening. Presbyterian?Rev. T. R. English, Pastor. Services at the usual hours, morning and evening. YORK COUNTY vs. J. L. WATSON. In the ahove case, an opinion was hied in the Supreme Court on Monday last, the opinion being rendered by Simpson, C. J., affirming the decree of the court below, Thl case was appealed mainly on the issue as to Watson's liability for deposits in the Citizens' Savings Bank. The Circuit Court decreed that he was not liable for loss by these depos its, and this branch of the case is sustained by the Supreme Court. The referee found against Watson between twelve and fifteen hundred dollars, mainly for overcharges in the way of commissions, which amouut, when properly adjudicated, he will be required to pay to the county. RAILROAD NOTES. We learn that the iron for the completion of the Chester and Lenoir Railroad to Lincolnton has arrived at Wilmington, and is now probably on the way from that point to Gastonia. Capt. Waddell, who has charge of the construction of the road between Dallas and Lincolnton, informs the Progress that he hopes to reach Lincolnton by the first week in April. The latest rumor in locul railroad circles is to the effect that the Cheraw and Chester and the Chester and Lenoir roads are to experience a boom unprecedented in theannals of railroad building. It is proposed, or so sanguine are some in the enterprise that it is already regarded as a fixed fact, to consolidate the above named railroad companies under one management, and elect Col. Wm. Johnston, of Charlotte, N. C., president of the consolidated company. It is claimed that on account of his large experience as a railroad manager, his extensive acquaintance with the capitalists of the nation, the great personal influence which he could exert with the moneyed interests of the country, to say nothing of the unlimited facilities which, if necessary, he would readily command from his own private resources, he could easily and speedily build the unfinished portion of the roads; that is, complete the Chester and Lenoir, say from Lincolnton ; build the bridge of the Cheraw and Chester across the Catawba, and immediately extend this road from .Lancaster to Florence, taking in G'heraw, of course, which was originally intended as the terminus jf the route. Enthusiastic admirers contemplating this grand scheme, already see in their mind's eye the consummation of the jnterprise, and through trains speeding their ,vay from the lower confines of South Carolila to the.niountains of the Old North State? iterally uniting the Palmetto and the Pine, ind realizing the fondest dreams of the most Doetical imagination. grand lodge knights of honor. The Graud Lodge of Knights of Honor of south Carolina, will meet in annual session at forkvillc on the 19th of April proximo. I The hour appointed for the opening session is ! o'clock P. M. The following is a list of the j ifficers, standing committees and representa- '{ ives to the Grand Lodge : j Grand Officers.?L. W. Perrin, P. G. D., i Abbeville; M. A. Carlisle, G. D., Newberry; < lohn S. Hughson, G. V. D., Sumter; J. VV. i 5errin, G. A. D., Abbeville; J. G. Cunning- i lain, G. G., Anderson ; Rev. S. Lan ier, G. C., i rVilliamston; G. W. Holland, G. R., New- i terry; J. T. Robertson, G. T., Abbeville; i denry Kohn, G. Gdn., Orangeburg ; M. j i vaphan, G. S., Allendale ; J. R. London, G. 1 I Trustee, Rock Hill; Thomas Raysor, G.' i Trustee, Branchville ; H. S. Williams, G. j i Trustee, Graniteville. j j Committee on Laics, &c.?L. W. Perrin,' i Abbeville; J. D. Duulap, Camden : W. B. j ] dcDaniel, Columbia. I < Committee on Finance.?T. S. Moorman, I | Jewberry ; R. 0. Sams, Spartanburg; Alta- 1 nont Moses, Sumter. i State Medical Examiner.?Dr. George < iowe, Jr., Columbia. 11 Representatives.?Dr. W. T. Wright, Wal-'t * halla ; J. D. Maxwell, Anderson ; Rev. E. i C Capers, Greenville; H. S. Ball, Spartanburg; , c J. S. Reynolds, Winnsboro ; F. W. McMas- I a ter, Columbia ; E. P. Chalmers, Newberry ;1 o J. F. C. Dupre, Abbeville ; R. L. Pratt, a Ninety-Six ; C. A. C. Waller, Greenwood ;! o A. Coward, Yorkville; J. W. Dreher, Dutch a Fork, Lexington Co.; M. K. Hnlmaj), St. S Matthew's Academy, Orangeburg Co. ; C. P. a Sanders, Gaffney City ; W. R. Delgar, Sum- f ter; Dr. J. S. Buist, Charleston; H. M. c Grimball, Union ; H. Busch, Aiken ; W. A. i t Gyles, Graniteville ; W. J. Griffin, Edgefield ; j ti C. J. Dunlap, Camden ; J. A. Law, Darling- t ton ; C. W. Tune, Laurens ; W. H. Brunsou, 1 Florence ; E. S. McKinley, Clinton ; Rev. v W. F. Pearson, Due West; J. M. Ivy, Rock [ Hill; J. H. L'ryea, St. Matthew's; L. H. c Wanamaker, Orangeburg; C. E. Lartigtie, t Blackville ; S. Leitman, Graham's ; Dr. 0. H. Ott. Branchville; A. H. Ford, William- j stou ; Dr. T. S. Fox, Batesburg ; J. B. Carwile, Johnston ; H. P. Johnson, Bennettsville; 1 W. T. D. Cousar, Chester; L. B. O'Bryan, i1 Allendale; Ira B. Jones, Lancaster; M. B. c McGee, Hodge's ; Dr. W. J. White,. Waxhaw ; John A. Kelly, Kingstree ; R. T. Caston, Cheraw; T. S. Cray ton, Pendleton ; Wm. Stokes, Early Branch; W. H. Lock wood, Beaufort; J. E. Strom, Liberty Hill, Edgefield Co. The name of the representative ( from Marion Lodge has not been furnished to the Grand Reporter. ' EDITORIAL INKLINGS. Communism In London. ? At 12 o'clock last Thursday night, a policeman on duty at the Mansion House, the T u t T uiiiciui iCMUuiitc ui tuc lium itiovui ui uwu* i don, observed fire on the ground nenr the rear wall, and found a wooden box, with a fuse connected, to which some lighted, paper had been recently applied. The officer extinguished the fire and took the box to the Police Station, where it was found to contain about forty pounds of gunpowder, with a fuse in the midst of it. No arrests have been made, nor has any clue to the perpetrators thus far been discovered. The official police report regarding the affair says : The policeman found the box in a recess of the window facing the end of George street, under the Lord Mayor's pri vate apartment. The brown paper iu which the box was wrapped was smouldering. The box contained fifteen pounds of coarse gunpowder, with a fuse through a hole in the box, and the end of the fuse close to the smouldering paper. An explosion would have occurred very soon but for the discovery. At the meeting of the common council the next day, the Lord Mayor confirmed the above report, and said the explosion would probably not have injured the Mansion House, but would have damaged the Egyptian Hall and the adjacent private houses, and entailed a serious loss of life. He himself, he said, was not at home at the time. One account says that an Irish newspaper was found amongst the packages of powder. Since the discovery of the plot to blow up the Mansion House, great precautions have been taken for the safety of both Houses of Parliament. The Colored Population. mi i... i 1 _ i 11 _ X ine census uureau nas issued u uuue y tin giving in detail the white and colored population. The statement shows a total white population of 43,404,876, and a colored population of 6,577,151. From the bulletin the following facts are condensed : ? The greatest proportion of colored to white is in South Carolina, where three fifths of the whole population is colored. In Louisiana and Mississippi, from one half to three-fifths of the whole population is colored. In Louisana and Mississippi, from one half to three fifths is colored ; in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, Virginia and the Dis trict of Columbia, one third to one half is colored, and in Arkansas and Tennessee, from one quarter to one,third is colored. Outside of the former slave States the proportion of 'negroes is very small. The relative changes in the negro population during the decade between-1870 and 1880, are also given in the United States as a whole. There has been a gain of 625 ou an assumed basis of 100,000 whites. Greatrelativegaius have apparently been made in the former slaveholding States. Eight of these States have made gains ranging from 944 to nearly 11,000. It is believed, however, hy the census office that these apparent gaius are due in a great measure to the imperfections of the census of 1870, and that under the condition which prevailed at that time, it is probable that a much larger proportion of negroes were omitted than of whites. South Carolina, Mississippi, Louisiana,Georgia, North Carolina, Arkansas, Tennessee and the District of Columbia, show a relative increase; Texas, Florida, Alabama and Virginia show a relative decrease. Texas and Florida take the lead of the States which have lost. Both of these States have received heavy white immigration from other parts of the country, winch nas more man overbalanced whatever gain in the colored populatson may have been made. They have been the scene of rapid development, and thus the relative decrease of the blacks is to be counted for not by exodus or dying out, but by the infusion of whites. The move- 1 rnents of the blacks in the Northern aud 1 Western States have apparently been of little | comparative account, and the migration of 1 the negroes has not attained to such dimen 1 sious as to be perceptible there. Mississippi, 1 Louisiana and North Carolina, Stated from 1 which the exodus principally took place, have all apparently gained heavily in the I relative proportion of blacks, while Kans^. < to which the major part went, has lost in prff I portion to its increase in population, and In- . diaua has gained but slightly. < The Dead Czar. 1 The assassination of Alexander the II, Czar of all the Russias, created a profound , sensation throughout Europe, which was i shared to a considerable extent by the Nihilist ^ or Communist element in the United States. With this class the rejoicing was great in . both hemispheres, the Socialists evideutly be- t lieving that in the sudden taking off of the | Czar, they have secured an important step in ' establishing the principles for which they ' contend. Appropos of this feeling in New [ lork, a correspondent says: # t On Monday, I visited several of the dis- ? tricts where the Nihilists, Communists and c Socialists have their recognized headquarters, a the first in Delancey street, the second in and r about the Second avenue tenement houses, v and the third in the dingy cellars and attics t }f Bleecker street. French, Germans, Italians and Russians alike, were in a high state n if ecstacy, and make no secret of their joy e 3ver what they called the good news. lu n some of the drinking saloons the exultation ? it one time was so great that the proprietors t refused to accept any pay for what was sold S it the bar. Everybody was invited to step I e ,ip and drink to the downfall of tyranny, I v md, as the invitations were freely responded j ti ;<>, the jollification before night threatened to <S run into a saturnalia. Impromptu speeches n vere made occasionally in foreign languages, u uid the applause was frantic and uninterinit- si :ing. Strangers who did not join in the ap V clause were looked upon with suspicion, espe- u dally ifthey were journalists, who, with these n people, are synonymous with spies, who are n ;here to betray them?a feeling which is prob- n ?bly born of their experieuces in the old p jountry. At one place in Thompson street, lear Laurens, the newspaper accounts of the n issassination were posted up in French and o irerman, and around these were an eager row alternating the consumption of beer nd sandwiches with runniug commentaries n the stirring news from St. Petersburg. At nother point there was a consultation going n with reference to the propriety of holding . great mass meeting in Union and Tompkins Square, expressive of their patriotic feelings, ud to send a congratulatory address to "the riends of human freedom" in Russia, as an >ffset to the messages of condolence which he "tyrannic governments of the world" were & iow sendiug to Sr.. Petersburg. VVild^asull his sort of thing may seem to sober-thinking Americans, it becomes at least intelligible vlien it is borne in tuind that many of these tenons have been exiled from their respective .ountries because of the utterances of what hey call their political opinions. Already the new Czar has been warned to >eware of his father's fate, the Nihilists dedaring that they will continue their work. i i? - 1 *t : \ mine nas neeil discovered near me reailence of the new Emperor. Correspondence of the Yorkville Enquirer. LETTER FROM SALEM. Salem, N. Cm March 18.?Your corresponlent finds himself this morning in the ancient :own of Salem, comfortably quartered iu the hotel kept by the venerable Adam Butner, who, with the exception of an intermission of * few years, has been the genial landlord of the house ever since 1850. Twenty eight years ago?but be it understood I was very young at that time?I had the pleasure of being a guest of Mr. Butner's, and on meeting liira after so long an interval, I am pleased to find that time has touched him gently. Though now eighty years of age, he still retains the ability to keep a good house and give^ s the wayfaring man a cordial welcome and hospitable treatment. The Salem Hotel was built in the year 1782, and though it might be supposed to present au antiquated appearance, yet while no important changes have been made in the style of its external architecture, it will now compare favorably with some buildings of more modern construction and greater preteusions. Nor has the interior arraugement uudergoue much alteration from the original.' The most noticeable change ia in the reducing of the size of the fire places. Experience demonstrates facts more forcibly ^ than theory, ami it has been satisfactorily ascertained that for the purpose of heating an ordiuary hotel bed room, a fireplace three x feet wide will consume only half the quantity of wood required for a fire place six feet wide. ?. Hence the departure from the extravagant notions of our grandfathers, traditionally remarkable for economic ideas; but excusable, perhaps, 1n this instance, when we reflect that ton l.i.ilf fkolr IwtiiaM in nrirrwjvul fnrtsC and WKWV ....... ... , , chopped a useless quantity of fuel for the same apparent reason that the farmers throughout the greater portion of the land, an hundred'years later, maul rails to fence in their crops?just for the sake of performing hard and profitless labor. Under the ceiling of the hotel office, and' for the entire length t of the room, extends a huge oak beam or joist, which serves as additional support and strength to the door immediately above. Inquiry revealed the fact that after the close of the Revolutionary struggle, Washington paid a visit to Salem. Extensive preparations wero made to give him an appropriate entertain* ment, and it was arranged for him to hold bis receptiousMn the room spoken of. It would contain'probably forty or fifty persons, and fearing that the floor might give way under such a pressure, after mature^ deliberation and consultation, the honest and prudential burghers, in order to prevent the possibility of so serious a calamity as the falling of the i floor during a levee by the Father of his Country, determined to brace it with an extra joist of such strength and huge proportions as would cause the modern builder of a railroad /, bridge to stare with amazement. On account of its associations, Salem has always been a town of peculiar interest. It is one of the oldest towns in North Carolina, and the only one in which* the customs and traditions of the original settlers have been so carefully handed down from pareutto child, and the virtues of the fathers so zealously emulated by the suns. The first house on the site where Salem was subsequently located, was built in the year 1766. It is now standing and is tenable, being used as a "potter shop," though it is dilapidated. It is built of logs, and was constructed not alone with a view to comfort, but if need he to subserve the place of a fort in case * ' ? .t Tl J _L _ .. a il.i ot incursions Dy me ivea men, wnu mi mni. time were numerous and roamed with considerable freedom and aggressiveness in this part of the royal province. The original colonists, or the pioneers of those who followed, consisted of only twelve persons?Moravians, from Europe, fleeing from religious persecution. To these colonists, who arrived in 1753, and at first settled a few mjles north of the present location of Salem, King George granted, by royal letters patent, ^ 70,000 acres of land. This was afterwards increased to 100,006 acres, and in the year 1782 title was secured to the settlers by an act of the Assembly. x The settlement or community continued to -1 grow and thrive, being composed exclusively of Moravians, noted alike for industrious and temperate habits, and the town is to-day under the same benign influences that obtained more than a century ago. Its present population is about 1500. Among the first institutions founded here was a female school, established in 1804, which has become famous as a seat of learning, and ranks among the best female seminaries in the Union. The original building, though once or twice enlarged, being found inadequate to meet the growing patronage of the school, in 1852 a large and imposing structure was erected, which is used in connection with the Did building, and yet the ample facilities are taxed to their utmost. The grouuds ubout the church and school buildings are handsome and attractive. The :emetery is an ohject of interest. Leading from the church to the Silent City of the Dead, is a graveled roadway, shaded on eith?r side the entire length by venerable cedars, ill of uniform siv;e and growth. The entrance :o the cemetery is on the extreme side from ;he church, and on an arch over the gate is ^ he inscription, "Blessed are they that die in ;he Lord." While the burial service of the V/CnraTMuna ia mnro ill)nrPfl<slVP nf>rhftn?. tliHn hat of any other sect, and if I mistake not * he funeral train is always accompanied from he church to the grave by solemn iustrumenal music, yet all is free from ostentatious disjlay. The rich and the poor are buried with ike observance, and the one with 110 more loiup than the other. The axiom that the mrrow tenement of clay to which all must >e consigned equalizes the rich and the poor,, he proud and the humble, is here observed, ind after the funeral rites are over, instead if a stately monumental pile or costly, shaft, i simple marble tablet placed over the grave, narks the last resting place of the dead, vithout reference to wordly possessions or emporal fame. Iu Salem was erected the pioneer woolen nills of the South, and with but three or four xceptions, here are the only mills for the uanufacture of woolen goods in the Southern ital ;s. The cassimeres and jeans made at his factory have a reputatiou all over the loutb, and they command a ready sale wherver introduced. A visit to the factory will fell repay the trouble. It has been in operaion since 1840, and was built by Messrs. F. i H. Fries, brothers, under whose managelent it was conducted for a cumber of years, ntil the death of Mr. Frank Fries. He was jeeeeded in the business by his sous, John V., Frank H., and Henry E , who with their > ucle Henry constitute the firm. The busiess is under the management of the three ephews?all thoroughgoing, practical, young len, and each fully understanding the deartraent under his control. Directing our steps to the office of the litis, the writer and his friend were eourteusly received, and while discussing the sub