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lewis m: grist, proprietor, j gnbepenbent Jamilg Hetosjjnjjer: Jbr fjje ^Promotion of tjie ^Political, Social, ^griralinral anb Commercial Interests of % Soafji. |TERMS?$2.50 A TEAS, IN ADVANCE. VOL. 25. YOEKVILLE, S. C., THURSDAY, OCTOBER 23, 1879. NO. 43. ftttjg leUrt. I IRISH STORIES. . DONEGAL LEGENDS. "I'm 'feared to go wi' you the nicht, Jack." i "'Feard? Is it'feard you are? It's the fine brave man you are, for certain." These last words, spoken in a tone of with? ering scorn, were addressed to Tom Doolan by his comrade and neighbor,'Jack Devenuy. The two men were about to launch their boat and row across the lough, to cut osiers on the island ; and Tom, whose face was pale, and whose step tottered, hung back when the time came to take bis place and begin to handle his oar. It was a sunny August day. The mountains, covered with heather, glowed a warm crimson in the sunshine; while the corn fields were like sheets of gold, and Tamney Lough was a mirror to reflect unbrokenly the blue sky and sailing cbuds. Far away beyond Mulroy,. an inlet of the Atlantic, stretched other mountains, tier upon v tier, the nearest hills purple, the most distant ^ ones like smoke-colored phantoms against the sky. Even the acres on acres of bog that lay between the corn fields had a beauty of their own. Everything was silent. There i was no whir and and bleat of snipe, no cry of gi^l or plover. Smoke rose from the chim- I neys of the little mud-cabins scattered here j and there over the country, but there were no , voices to be heard ; only in the village of ] Tamney there was some slight traffic and ( stir. i " 'Feared is it you are, Tam ?" repeated ( Devenny, as he shoved off from the land. "Ay ?the witch ! the witch !" faltered i the other, paler than before. < * On a sloping field just above the lough . was a cabin, no better than those in the village, and Tom raised his timid eyes toward j it while he whispered, the witch ! the witch!" j - Mnnavfir liOl] llTTO/l fVlOPO ?fl lontP JUVVbJ iUVIiaiOJ HM?4 11 t vv* vuvtv MV as the oldest inhabitant could remember. < Paddy Steven, who had been born in the ,< year 1794, declared that she had seemed an old woman when he was a boy; and now, in 1877, she looked younger than he. There were other circumstances that made Betty's neighbors regard her with awe. She had no ostensible means of support, yet she had plenty of everything in her ccfc^ tage; a pile of the driest turf, which no one had seen cut, or drawn home from the bog; quantities of milk and butter that she had not bought at the shop ; clothes, that like the garments of the children of Israel, "waxed '' not old." All this seemed to be not merely comfort, but wealth and splendor, in the eyes of the simple people. Many a woman who happened to have a small churning, firmly believed Betty to have drawn away the butter from her churn, but was afraid to quarrel with her, and therefore spoke of her loss in guarded whispers. The only person who had had courage to reproach the witch, was Tom Doolan, whom she had now reduced to an abject state of fear. Some months before the beginning of our story, Betty had kissed Tom's youngest boy i i i /* 1 without saying, "uoa Diess you ior a oouny wean," aud the child had pined away ever ' since. Father Dan, indeed, had confirmed 1 the suspicions of the parents by certifying 1 : that the little fellow was suffering from the ' i baneful influence of an evil-eye. ' When Tom Doolau had openly charged < fcerwith having bewitched bis child, and had driven her down the village street, not, indeed, i lifting his own hand to her, but permitting : his boys to pelt her with mud and pebbles, i she bad turned to shake her stick at him, and I to threaten vengeance, muttering curses "not loud but deep.'' < "She said she'd waste me to skin an' bone ; J , she said her eye'd be on hie sleeping and waking," faltered the trembling man. 1 - "Whist, wi' your fdolitchness," reproved I his companion. i Little Eileen Devenny, too young at six years old to be afraid of the witch, came to < old Betty's door at that moment and peeped in. < She saw the old woman pour water into a large tub that stood in the middle of the room, and place a wooden dish in it; and, full of interest and curiosity, she walked into 1 the cabin. "There, wean," said Betty, "you watch I thon tub, an' tell me what the wee dish does, *. an' I'll gie you a piece wi' a taste o' butter an' sugar on it." The witch crouched by the hearth, with her 1 pointed chin supported on her skinny, clawlike hands. Her face was thin and furrowed, her nose meagre and hooked, her eyes cruel and cunning, and the long'teeth that her parted lips disclosed, while she muttered incantations, looked cruel too. "What is it you're sayin', Betty ?" asked the child. "Watch the wee dish, child, an' tell me what you see." "Oh, Betty ! Betty! the dish is going round an' round in the tub!" More muttering. "What's the dish doing now, Eileen raa\ vourneen?" "Oh ! oh ! ob! Musha! musha ! It's spinning round as fast anything ! It's turning amop I Tkona f TVe 11 tnofor lf'o fTAfiD . it ij iu 11 yjL uui^i it o gvuv to the bottom o' the tub!" "That's right;" and Betty rubbed her skinny claws together, and grinned with pleasure. "Thon's your daddy's boat that's supk in Tamney Lough," she chuckeled, "an* thon thief o' the world, thon rascal Tom Doolan, 's in her, an' he'll be drowned. Curse him ! he set his boys to pelt me wi' mud an' stones. Let him drown an' bum." She continued, in a lower tone: ^ " 'Nae candle at his head, * * Nae priest beside his bed, Nae winding-sheet, nae hearse, Nae coffin for his corse.' " irri i:j.j.i? "c:i i_j. .i j _i/? i vy ueu June xuieeu cuugut mese ureauiui ; ^ words, she became frightened and ran to the ; door. The sky was as clear as ever, except, directly above the osier island of Tamney I Lough, where a heavy cloud seemed to hang ;; while white-crested waves, driven by the i wind, washed over the upturned boat, which i dashed, rudderless, up and down upon the i rocky point of the island. It was a strange sight. The furious storm was confined to that one spot, while on all j other sides the landscape lay glowing in Au-1 gust sunshine. "My daddy's boat's lost! He'll be drown-1 ed !" said the child, returning to Betty's side, | A and beginning to cry. "Hurrah! hurrah !" cried the witch : " 'Nae candle at his head, Nae priest beside his bed.' " The awfulness of the partial storm had , struck others besides little Eileen. Three or ; four people in the village street had seen ; the lough become lashed into fury in a mo- j nient, and had also watched the boat being j overturned; and as quickly as possible another ! boat was launched, and the bodies of Doolan j and Devennv were sought for. ' Jack Devenny was brought to shore, and \ after restoratives had been used, he recovered ; consciousness. "Where's Tarn ?" were the first words he * said. "We canna get him," was the reply; and Tom's widow wrung her hands and sobbed bitterly. "They'll no get him," chuckled Betty, from her post of observation at her cabin door on the hill overhanging Taraney Lough : " 'Nae winding-sheet, nae hearse, Nae coffin for his corse." One or two of the searchers overheard her, and they shook" their fist in her face with rage. All that day and the next day they sought, but Tom Doolan's body could not be found. It was, indeed, never found, and the lake was regarded with superstitious horror for years. But to return to the witch. Little Eileen was an intelligent child, and she told her father how Betty had bade her watch the dish in the tub of waler, while she had been muttering low to herself; how it had turned round and round, sinking at last to the bottom ; and how Betty exclaimed: "Ay, that's yer father's boat, an Tom Doolan, the thief an' villain, '11 be drowned !" Devenny was not quite so unmanned by superstitious dread as his neighbors; besides " .1 l .f LL which, he was sorry ror me loss ui ms tumrade, and he determined that his death should be avenged. Feeling his way very cautiously, he found a couple of fitting accomplices among the kneeling crowd in the chapel-yard next Sunday, and he settled with them what was to be the witch's fate. One night, when all was silent in the village of Tamney, the three men stole out of Devenny's cottage, and coasted the reedy edge of the lough, in whose gloomy depths poor Doolan was lying. No candle, or priest or wake had the poor fellow had, and they shuddered as they passed Tiis unknown grave, crossing themselves piously, and thinking of his wandering soul. The water hens were disturbed by their stealthy tread, and a flock of plover flew over-head, uttering their wild, almost human, cries. On they went, cautiously mounting the hill, and pausing several times to listen before they reached the witch's door. The reason for this caution was that, Donegal being in a disturbed state, parties of yeomanry scoured the country every night, and apprehended anybody whom they found abroad after nine o'clock. All lights were to be extinguished at that hour, so Betty's dip candle had long been out, and no glimmer appeared at her single tiny window. "Where's the kale stalk?" asked one of the men. They climbed upon the roof, stopped up the chimney, and then putting the cabbage stalk into the key hole, blew clouds af sulphur through it into the cabin. "We'll smoke her the way his reverence smoked the bees," said they, stationing themselves at the key-hole in turn ; and they did not desist from their labor until dawn. So they smothered the witch. She was so 1 1 * i * . i 1 il. _ J so cold ana aeaa next aay wnen me uuur w?o ipened ; and as there were no coroner's inquests in those days, her being found dead jxcited but little attention. Indeed, at the Lime of the Union, Ireland was in so disorganized a state that the death of one old woman in her bed was but little noticed. Tb? manner of her end was known to her old neighbors around Tamney Lough; but it was never spoken of except in whispers, though years afterward parents pointed to Lhe ruined wall stead upon the hill side, and told their little children what the witch's fate had been. The writer was told the story by a man whose mother had lived in Tamney it the time. On our venturing to doubt the existence of witches at the present day, he declared there ? ' * ? i Li. was tnen ^August, ioti), 10 ms ceriaiu knowledge, a witch living close to his own 'arm ; and he pointed ontra pretty, fair-haired woman, mother of a large family, who has mly one cow, yet fells quantities of butter. She has a slight figure as well as blue eyes jnd flaxen hair, and we thought her a pleasint sight as |she tripped along the road to market, followed by her little crowd of whiteheaded children. "Do you mean to say that she is able to J raw the butter away from your churn ?" we isked our old friend, the farmer. "Troth is she, miss ; there's nae divilment too hard or too bad for thae witch-woman. Sure she turns herself into a hare every summer nicht, an' milks the cows in the field. I ha' started a big hare from amang my ain cows in this very field, an' as sure as I'm a livin' sinuer, it made for yon hole in the back [>' Norah's house." "Do you really think Norah's the hare?" "Think it, miss ? God bless your innocent wit! I'm sure of it. It wad be a charity to the countryside to shoot her wi' a bit o' siller?in troth, if I was as souple as I used to be, I'd do it mysel'." "Does it take long to turn her back into a woman ?" "Is it long, miss? Not a minute. She just says a wheen words that the bad man learned her, an' she's in her ain shape again." "Is Norah the only witch in the country?" "Na, na; there's her mother at Coolback, and her grandmother at Milford; all the breed o' them Taylors was witches. But there's warlocks too; I mind to ha' seen ane' o' them when I was a wee chiel the height o' my stick." "Oh, please tell me all about it." I was sketching in the old farmer's own meadow, behiud the witch's cottage, and he stood fiear me, leaning on his stick; and as I washed in the delicate or gorgpous tints of ray picture, I listened to his weird tale. "It was in the County Derry," he began, "that all my people was born and bred. The Derry gentlemen was great riders, an' fond of hunting, and it was aye a spree for we boys to follow the hunt. I could run nigh hand as fast as a hound, mysel' in them days. One day (I mind it as weel as if it was yesterday) we couldna start a hare ava, an' the gentlemen was all out o' patience, when we came upon an old man sitting cobbling shoes, an' herding cows, in a wild kind o' place below the Cirdstown Mountains. " 'Wad your honors wish me to start a hare for yez ?" says theould man, risin' to his feet. " 'Ay, surely,' says the gentlemen, 'for we canna find a hare this day, at all, at all.' "'Well,' says the ould man,'if I find a hare in thon woods,' says he, 'will yez gie me five shillin' when the run is over ?' " 'Ay, surely, good man, you'll get five shillin',' says they. "Wi' that the ould fellow down wi' his awl, and the brogue he was cobbling, an' into a clump o' bushes that was about a hundred yards off the knowl where we found him. "He wasua three minutes in the wood till a big bare ran out, an' the hounds after it, an' awa over the country. Weel, we had the best run o' that season, but the hounds couldna get up wi' the hare ava; and at last it brung them back to the knowl fornenst the wood, and ran in amang the trees, just where it ran out in the nmrninf. The hounds lost it there, an' the ould fellow stepped out o' the wood an' up to the huntsmen. ' A.n' whar's my five shilliu' ?' says he. Weel, he got the money, an' then, he smiled up iu the gentleman's face, an' 'Wasn't that weel run for an old ould man ?' says he. Now my lady, that's as true as Gospel. I ha' seen quare things in my time. Will I tell you about the black pig that I found in the potato field ?" "Please do; I should like to hear it." These wild fancies suited the surrounding landscape. Witchcraft seemed to have a fitting home among the mountain lakes and rugged hills of Donegal, and fairy-land might still exist in the dells and slopes, amid bowers of eglantine where Titania coud have slept. The farmer's stories had, for the moment, all the effect of truth. He had left "boastful youth" very far behind him, and we rejoiced to have made his acquaintancee in his "narrative old age." "My father," he began, was yardman to his honor Sir William Francis, of Castle Francis, in the County Derry, when cue summer evening him and me seen a wee slip o' a black pig running along the potato ridges in his honor's park. I was a brave runner; an' I ran after the little pig. I caught it and held it till my father came up, and between us we got it iuto the yard at the castle, an' shut it into a sty to itsel\ His honor, Sir William, made inquiries far and wide to find out if any one had lost a wee black pig; in truth, I willua just say, for fear I'd tell a lie, but I do think lie had it printed in the newspaper; but naebody wad own the pig, an' deil a one wad take a present o' it. "So there it stopped, an' it ate and ate, till it was that heavy it couldna get in an' out at the door of the sty, an' a bed had to be made for it in the cart shed. "It got on to November, an' the butcher came to look at the master's pigs. " 'Come, Gallagher, an' look at the pig that dropped frae the clouds,' says Sir William. "Those were his honor's very words, an' my father and the men in the yard looked at each other when they heerd him. " 'Thon's the best pig o' them all,' saj's Gallagher; 'he's' seven hundred weight, if he's a pound.' " 'Well, you can kill him the first thing tomorrow morning,' says Sir William, turning awa', careless like, frae the door o' the shed. "We dinna wish to kill him, because o' the quare way he came to the place ; but the master's bidding had to be done; so we got a big vat of boiling water ready, for we knowed the carcase would be heavy; and then we went to the cart shed. Was the water boiled when we went to the cart shed ? I'll no just say, for fear I'd tell a lie, but, any way, I'm sure my father had the fire made to boil it. "Weel, your ladyship, when we went to kill the pig, there was nae pig in the shed, and there was nae pig to be found anywhere, though we searched the country far an' wide. "His honor said we ha' left the door open; but I put it to you, how could a pig weighing seven hundred pounds ha' disappeared so that nae track o' him could be found ? an', who could ha' stole a pig o' that size ?" "What do you think really happened?" "I think the pig heerd the talk about killing him, and went awa." "But what was he ? Was he a fairy, a warlock, or what ?" "I don't know, my lady! but this I do know?all luck left Castle Fraucis from that day. His honor lost a lawsuit he was engaged in, and his big bull that was brung over frae England, an' was worth twa hundred pound, choked hirasel' wi' a turnip. Troth it's a dangerous thing to dispise luck that cornes to your door." '1. *% QM * ?tpcMMJC0U5 fujaamij. ROBIN ADAIR. The very beautiful and very touching little song entitled Robin Adair, was most genuinely popular for a space of sixty years. It is even known now, though vaguely, and only, sefen darkly, as through a blue glass. Yet our grand mothers used to sing it, and our mothers, too, when their matron hood was in the prospective and they were girls. Most of us are familiar with the song, and we believe that most of us accredit its authorship to Robert Burns. He did not write it. With it is connected a romance that adds additional interest to the new song. Robin Adair was not a legendary character, but of flesh and blood substance, and the soDg was, as originally written, a pathetic piece of temporary heart-broken woe from a dear little girl who loved her ''Robin Adair." Adair was a young Irishman, of great popularity, in London, during the latter portion of the last century. He was a surgeon by profession, and was compelled to leave Ireland from the same reasons that -precipitated the late Mr. Conkling to jump Rhode Island. He reached England, and there struck his fortune. His first adventure was to be present at a runaway, when a carriage was overturned and a lady of "high degree," some1 * ?"* . . ill... *_ I __ wnat injured, ne attended ner, was ampiy rewarded?and he needed the money?and in further favor, was invited to her house as a guest. It was there that he met Lady Caroline Keppel, the daughter of the Earl of Albermarle. This young lady, from the first meeting, formed a desperate affection for the handsome young Irishman?love leveling rank in her condition?and she did not disguise the fact. Robin Adair did not hold back, but pressed his suit. The family, of course, was dismayed at the idea of a mesalliance; the thought of marriage between the daughter of a hundred earls and a poor Irish surgeon?whose pedigree was not known, nor ever was?of course seemed horrible. All measures were employed to break up and off the unseemly affection of young hearts. Trips to the continent, prayers and persuasions of sisters, cousins and aunts, bons boas and malsmals of all sorts were offered, but in vain. It was during one of their prolonged and enforced separations that Lady Caroline wrote and set to music a plaintive Irish air?the song, that grew so popular and so well known, of Robin Adair. As now published and sung, it is somewhat changed, and well so; for, though we respect and admire the young lady's love and devotion, her grammar was at a discount and her word-usage somewhat on the John Logan style. The song, as originally written, ran : What's this dull town to me? Robin's not near; He whom I wish to see, Wish for he to hear. Where's all the joy and mirth, Made life a heaven on earth! Oh! they've all fled with thee, Robin Adair. What made the assembly shine? Robin Adair! What made the ball so fine? Robin was there! What, when the play was o'er, What made my heart so sore? Oh ! it was the parting with Robin Adair. But thou art far from me, Robin Adair! But now I never see Robin Adair! Yet he I love so well Still in my heart shall dwell? Oh ! can I ne'er forget Robin Adair. Finding all efforts to break up and off the mutual love of the young people, the family of Lady Caroline very sensibly and very nobly, under the circumstances, yielded to the fate of young love, and consented to the marriage. This was especially a grand act in those days, when the demarking lines of aristocracy were wider than the bloody chasm of politics, and so impassable that only a high born angel could fly over it. ivooin Aciair was, like most Irishmen, lucky. Immediately after his marriage he was appointed Inspector-General of the Military Hospitals. He became a favorite of George III., and was designated to important offices. By refusing a baronetcy and the title incident j thereto, he grew very popular with the masses, j and at the same time held his popularity with the King. He died in 1790, being at that time nearly eighty years of age. "Lady Caroline's married life was brief but happy. She died of consumption in a few years after her wedding. Her last request to her Robin Adair was that he should wear mourning for her as long as life lasted.. This he religiously fulfilled, and, though sought after by many desirable ladies of the court, never married again, burying his heart with the corpse of her who had loved him so well. THE REVISION OF THE BIBLE. The London papers tell us that a revised edition of the New Tes tament may be expected early in 1880. Foi the forthcoming Old Testament version, we must patiently wait. Forty years ago, when there was a universal prejudice against meddling with the Bible, it would have been impossible to effect such a revolution of opinion as now exists. By the advancing light thrown upon biblical scholarship, it became necessary to remove the mauy errors that had been detected. Accordingly, after numerous discussions and publications, the way was prepared, in 1870, for the Convocation of Canterbury to appoint a committee, composed of the ablest Greek and Hebrew scholars in the Established Church. This committee was divided into two companies ; one for the Old, and the other for the New Testament. These companies were reinforced by the best talent in the dissenting bodies. For nearly ten years they have met at Westminster Abbey, four times a month, for the purpose of going over together the same portions which they had individually studied at their own homes. In 1872, an American _committee was formed, consisting chiefly of frofessors in ttie leading Theological Seminaries, to cooperate with the British revisers. Though representing various denominations, "and different shades of belief, great harmony has prevailed in the methods and results of interpretation. The American revisers meet at the Bible House, in New York., and confer with the British Committee, through Dr. Schaff. It is not the intention of the revisory committee to make a new Bible, but to elevate the standard of the Old, as the spirit of the times demand. The changes to be accomplished will be so slight that those unfamiliar with the Scriptures will scarcely detect the difference. Such expressions as "strain at a gnat," will probably become "strain out a gnat." The word Easter, will probably be changed to the Jewish Passover. "Bobbers of churches" will be read as robbers of heathen temples. Jonah will no more be written Jona; nor Sinai, Sina; nor Cush, Ethiopia. The Psalms, and many other passages will be printed like poetry, ignoring, altogether, the present conformity with prose. Chronological inaccuracies will be corrected. The learned Canon Rawliflson, at first, favored the idea of a delay, in the hope of receiving fresh help from newly discovered montimanfo in P.fvvnf anrl A auupiti. But the final UUIWUIO iu MI1U AAVWJ result, though necessarily imperfect, will, undoubtedly, be worthy of the great and good men who have labored so faithfully. The conflict of religious opinions among scholars is far less than that among the common people. And it is to be hoped that the new translation may relieve many minds now filled with doubts, and become the agency by which a greater harmony may be created among sects now too widely separated. And not only that, but it is a fact worthy of earnest consideration, that our English Bible has ever been "the well of English undefiled and for the sake of hallowed memories ought never to undergo the radical changes consequent upon a modern diction. THE POLITICAL OUTLOOK. WHAT A CORRESPONDENT FROM LAURENS THINKS ABOUT IT. We make the following extracts from the Laurens correspondent of the Beaufort Crescent : I understand that Evins will have some opposition to him next time, when his term expires. Several prominent men have been mentioned in connection with his seat in Congress, who say that time about is fair play. There is no doubt several who can be induced to take it. Gaillard, of Fairfield, is very anxious, I hear, to tilt with him ; and Cleveland, of Spartanburg is spoken of. General Kennedy, of Kershaw, is a candidate. Judge Wallace seems to be the most formidable name spoken of; and, even W. E. Earle, of Greenville, is said to be looking forward to it with longing eyes. And now General A. C. Garlington is looming up. Our Congressional district, which is composed of Abbeville, Anderson, Laurens, Newberry, Oconee, Pickens and Richland, however, beats them all, for the number and variety of its aspirants for the seat of our present representative, D. Wyatt Aiken. Commencing at Richland, it will be found that Columbia, its political centre, and the capital of the State, has a number of aspirants for the honor of representing the Third District in Congress. There is Bacon and Col. McMaster, Col. Youmans and Hon. J. C. Haskell, every one of whom is talked of. From Newberry, J. N. Lipscomb, Ellison Keitt, Jim Baxter, J. Y. Pope and Geo. Johnstone are equally and prominently spoken of for the next succession. In Laurens, Todd and Ball are not so far off the track. In Anderson, Orr has his aspirations, and mignt oe rormiaable with his father's prestige, but he can never inspire the same adulation. The time for the popularity of his father's politics has passed away forever in that part of South Carolina, He lacks his father's address, and his awkward appearance can never be redeemed even by the fair ability which he possesses. His cohesion to the Charleston Rings in the Legislature hurt him. Perhaps the most formidable opponent that Aiken may have will be Gen. McGowan, if he desires the nomination. McGowan is a great favorite throughout the Third District, and, add'ed to fine presence and address, he is a soul-stirring orator of the genuine Irish type of impassioned eloquence. There seems to be some dissatisfaction about the impracticability of D. Wyatt Aiken, and I think there is but little doubt of his being dropped next time. Such is politics. So fa r as the Governorship is concerned, our people are strongly in favor of Gary. We are tired of half-way men. We want prompt, decisive men, who will inspire us with confidence that our victory, gained in 1876 is not to be gone back upon by dalliance. Texas Beeves at Home.?Western Texas teems with vast herds ot cattle, roammg in a semi-wild state, throughout the whole year. The owners make common cause in rounding up, and young calves are claimed and identified by the marks upon the mother. Texas beef, such as we find in the Northern markets, gives but a poor idea of the succulent steaks eaten around the camp fire, with the zest of a perfect appetite for sauce. It is a Texan boast that better meat is thrown to the dogs among the ranches, than the people of the North can get in their markets. Indeed, I heard of one man who killed,a year or so ago, more than 10,000 head of cattle for the hides and tallow. Such a condition of prodigal waste could not exist in a land of less magnificent distances or better means of freightage. Instances of this kind, however, are rare, and the more far-sighted stock men of the State are taking alarm at the rapid advances in the business making in Kansas and Colorado. The shipment of Texas beef out of the State by rail, last year, probably aggregated 160,000 head, while at least an equal number were driven to Colorado, Kansas, etc. In addition, large numbers arc sent via. the Gulf to New Orleans and Cuba. The management of a vast herd of cattle upon the open plain is a difficult and hazardous feat. It requires both nerve and an intimate knowledge of cattle nature, to ride into the midst of the thronging, pushing beasts, and single out those destined for the corral. Should a panic ensue, both horse and rider will be borne along before the resistless tide to certain destruction. A herd has been stampeded at the sight of a man dismounting from his horse. They regard the man and beast as a single creature, whose will dominates, and to see this being take himself apart, is a little more than bovine nature can stand. Harper's Magazine, for October. How the New York Sun Treasury is Guarded.?The sub-treasury contains at present 8164,000,000?811,000,000 in silver, 8130,000,000 in gold and $23,000,000 in greenbacks. The new silver vault, which has been in use some months, will store $40,000,000, and the prospects are that it will soon be filled. The silver is placed in bags containing $1,000 each, and, the different issues of coin are kept separate. Gold is held in bags containing $5,000, and greenbacks in packages of a thousand notes. Tn adition to the silver vault, there are two other vaults on the main floor. eftch of which is built on the plan of a first claes safe. They contain the gold and greenbacks, the lock combination being held by Ashley, the specie clerk, and Mr. Brittan, the cashier, and once a mpnth, the surveyor of the depot makes an examination of treasure on hand. At night, four men, suitably armed, are put on guard and patrol the main hall. Eight men are engaged in this service, their tour being alternate nights. During the day there are two policeman in uniform in the hall, two detectives in ordinary citizen's dress also keeping watch. One of these (Thomas Sampson) is an expert of a high order of skill, and commands a salary of $1,800 a year. The watchmen receive $72 per month. They come in at five o' clock in the afternoon (when the detectives leave,) and lock up, and remain until relieved in the morning. In addition to this, the treasury has lately been put in a condition of defense against the attack of a mob. The windows are protected by steel bars, und the inside shutters are perforated with loop holes. The entire clerical force is 7fi fn* nf whnm ft musket is keDt in the armory. In addition to this, GatliDg guns will be stationed on the roof, which will insure the safety of the place against popular violence. The vast institution is under the general care of Thomas Hillhouse, assistant treasurer. He was bred in the western part of the State, but has held bis present present office for several years. His salary is $8,000? a small sum for one who must give bonds to the amount of half a million. Next in .official importance is Cashier Brittan, whose salary is $4,000. The pay is generally small, and an immense business is done in a very economical manner. Educate Yourself.?The ranks of our thinkers and literary workers are constantly recruited by those who owe success to their own exertions. Most of our brilliant scientists, our most polished writers, our deepest thinkers, are self-made men. Their names are not enrolled on college registers, yet they are inscribed high in the temple of fame. Howells, the editor of a magazine unrivaled on this continent or across the water, was his own instructor. Hugh Miller, than whom a brighter star has not yet shone in the sciential world, had few opportunities of attending schools, so cnlled ; his school was nature, and how he learned the lessons she taught, his numerous and excellent volumes attest. Faraday never graduated at a university, yet he left a name of which all Englishmen are justly proud, The foremost journalist of the present age was emphatically a self-made man. Washington and Lincoln died in profound ignqrance of Greek and Latin. The essential elements of intellectual and moral greatness are not the offspring of culture, though without it they are shorn of their strength. The burning thirst for knowledge, the Quenchless aspiration to scale the'heights of thought and intellectual acquisition, the clear insight, the indomitable will that counts obstacles as stepping stones, the long patience that can work and wait?these are gifts for which the happy possessor may thank God only. With these, and what he can do to direct, polish and cultivate them, he need set no bounds to his ambition. Without them, all the universities united cannot make a great man of him. When nature and culture combine to produce their highest and happiest results, we have a Chatham, a Brougham, a Jefferson, a Webster, an Everett. Bethel Presbytery.?This body met at Beth-Shiloh Church, on Thursday, the 9th of October, and was opened with a sermon by the retiring moderator, Rev. James H. Saye. Sixteen ministers and nineteen elders were in attendance. Rev. E. Brantly was elected moderator, and Elder W. Banks Thompson temporary clerk. Mr. J. W. McLure, a member of Beth-Shiloh church, and Mr. J. P. Miller, a member of Pleasant Grove church, were taken under the care of Presbytery as candidates for the gospel ministry. Licentiate Williamson was examined on the usual branches, with reference to ordination. He also preached his trial sermon. Both examination and sermon were satisfactory, and a committee was appointed to ordain and install Mr. Williamson as pastor of Tirzah and Waxhaw churches, on Saturday before the first Sunday of November. Rev. L. H. Wilson asked and obtained a dissolution of the pastoral relation between himself and the Yorkville church, the congregation consenting. Mr. Wilson, at his own request, was dismissed to Atlanta Presbytery. Dismissals were also granted to Rev. J. G. Henderson to the Presbytery of London, Ontario, Canada, and to Licentiate H. C. Fennel to Enoree Presbytery. Encouraging reports were read from most of the churches; a few were not heard from. fitono n'oro folron tn nrcranizp. a ohurch at McCarter's school house, in York county, in accordance with a petition signed by ninetyone persons in that community. The committee on Colportage made an encouraging report of the work done by its colporteur, Rev. S. L. Wilson. After a pleasant and harmonious session, Presbytery adjourned on Saturday afternoon, to meet at Beersheba church, York county, on Thursday before the first Sunday in April, 1880. The Soutii Carolina Case.?A Washington dispatch to the Baltimore Sun, under date of the 14th instant, says: Attorney-General You mans, .of South Carolina, to-day moved in the Supreme Court to dismiss the writ of error, in the case of Robert Smalls, from the Supreme Court of the State of South Carolina. The motion was made with the concurrence of both sides, and the case was, accordingly, dismissed. Smalls, who is wellknown as one of the leaders of the colored people of South Carolina, was, for several terms, a member of the House of Representatives, and prior to that a member of the State Senate of South Carolina. He was indicted in the State courts for receiving a bribe of $5,000 while a State Senator, and, upon conviction, appealed the cause to the Supreme Court of the United States. Last spring the Governor of South Carolina pardoned Smalls, and hence the motion made to-day. The costs in the case are to be paid by Smalls. The dismissal of this case ends what is known as the South Carolina political cases, and it is very naturally a source of congratulation all around. While the evidence before the South Carolina courts appeared to be entirely conclusive in sustaining the indictment against Smalls, the State authorities have been inclined to leniency on account of the political color that was given to the case. As the Governor had also pardoned L. Cass Carpen ter, another Republican ex-Congressman, convicted on the same charge, and who is a white man, it was thought proper that Smalls should not be made an exception of. Attorney-General Youmaus, in conversation with your correspondent, to day, expressed bis sentiments of relief at the termination of these cases. He was happy to say that everything was tranquil and serene in South Carolina to-day, and perfect good feeling existed between the two races. He thought everything would be harmonious in the future. HOME CON YERS ATIONAL TRAINING. There is no nation more fluent in conversation than the American. .The French are more voluble perhaps, their language permitting greater rapidity of pronunciation than English. Our best conversationalists are not rapid talkers. One trouble with us is, each one Jikes to do all the talking; therefore, Americans are not good listeners. But mere talking is not conversation. In almost all home circles there is much talking done during the day, but we fear there are few who do not reserve their most brilliant conversational powers for other assemblages than the home group. Many a father comes home tired; he has worked hard and talked a great deal, told amusing anecdotes and displayed much wit He has come home to rest. He takes out his paper and is soon oblivious of everything around him. Wife would like to tell him many of the harrassing afflictions of the day, and would like to hear oftmn nn,io in>nK?(inir OTiviripnmi ! hilt if he were a deaf mute he could not be more silent, only an occasional grunt answering her many attempts at conversation; and the children, except the good-night kiss, and often not even that, are not noticed. Such a home, whether the abode of wealth or otherwise, cannot be a healthy and happy one. As a parallel, draw around the evening lamp of another home circle. The father tells the anecdotes from the papers as he reads them; mother laughs her sweet, low laugh, and the children burst into merry ha! ha's! To watch them as they ask questions, and listen to the answers and patient explanations, the wonderment, interest and thought imprinted on their young faces,, is a picture for an artist. This home education is a heritage more valuable than land or money; and one beautiful recompense in life is, that in making others happy we bring happiness to ourselves. Parents who practice self denial, and endeavor by cheerful conversation and playful wit, to enliven home-life, will reap a rich reward in the better thoughts and nobler actions of their children, and will experience the truest and best contentment themselves. ? Neatness.?In its essence, and purely for its own sake, neatness is found in but few. Many a man is neat for appearance sake; there is an instinctive feeling that there is power in it. When a man consults a physician or a lawyer for the first time, or comes to rent a house, or borrow money, he will come in his best dress; a lady will call in her carriage. A man who means business and honesty, comes I :?' Jo .'not on TT/-.11 mill finrl him in hifl JUOIf no Lie 13 J J UOb UO JVU IT AAA UMU MMmmmm ? ; store, bis shop, bis counting bouse. The most accomplished gamblers dress well; the moat enterprising swindlers are faultlessly clothed; but countless multitudes are but whitewashed sepulchres. Too many do not care, so long as it will not be seen. Washington Alston, the great artist, the accomplished gentlemen, suddenly left bis friend standing at the door of a splendid Boston mansion as they were about entering for a party, because he remembered that he had a hole in his stocking. It could not be seen or known, but the very knowledge of its existence made him feel that he was less a man than he ought to be; gave him a feeling of inferiority. As persons are less careless of personal cleanliness and tidy apparel, they are infallibly and necessarily more of the angel and less of the animal; more under the influence of principle. Said a poor servant girl: "I can't explain what a change religion has had on me, but I look more closely under the door mat when I sweep than I used to." Intelligence, culture, elevation, give purity of sense and sentiment Where you see a neat, tidy, cleanly, cheerful dwelling, there you will find a joyous, loving, and happy family. But if filth and squalor, and a disregard for the refining delicacies of life prevail in any household, there will be found in the moral character of the inmates much that is low, degrading, unprincipled, vicious and disgusting. Therefore, as we grow in years, we ought to watch eagerly for neglect of cleanliness in person, and tidiness in dress. Stuttering.?Mr. Edgar S. Werner recently read before the Albany Institute, a paper on this subject. Mr. Werner himself was, at one time, afflcted with this terrible disease, and he says almost invariably parents treat a stuttering child with much severity, and thus, by frightening him, increases his malady, or spoil him utterly by too much leniency. The proper way to treat such children is thus described: In nothing is the adage, "An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure," more applicable than in stuttering. Indeed, in this instance, an ounce of the one is more effective than a hundred weight of the other. Children with stuttering tendencies should be especially well nourished; they should take a great deal of physical and outdoor exercise ; care should be taken that their lungs are fully developed and their nerves not irritated. Late hours and highly seasoned food, and everything tending to derange, weaken or unduly excite, physically or mentally, should be avoided. The child should not be allowed to talk too rapidly or when out of breath. If he has trouble with a word, he should be asked to repeat the whole sen* tence and not only the offending word. Oftentimes a serious mistake is made here. The child is drilled upon his most difficult words, and he comes to fear them, and, as a result, his ability to articulate them is continually lessened. He should not be permitted to associate with another stuttering child; indeed, no child should. Inveterate stuttering may be caused by mimicking others. Throughout, the child should be subjected to kind but firm treatment. Returning the Joke.?The latest dog story is thus told by the Palmyra, Wis., Enterprise : A gentleman connected with the United1 States Lake Survey, in this city, was engaged one day on the skirt of a wood in Indiana. Near him, sleeping, lay his faithful dog, Titrer. Thinking to have son? fun with the dog, he gave a shout and jumped into the thicket, as , if all the game ever protected by game laws from hunters was going through the bushes. As he expected, Tiger came bounding and barking to the fray, and detecting the trick that was played on him, sneaked back to his lair and lay down again. The surveyor, resumed his duties, and was hard at work for two or three hours, when, all at once, the dog rose from his sleep, set his ears and eyes in the direction of the wood, gave? bark, and rushed for the forest depths. The surveyor followed the noble brute to a tree, up which he was sending canine congratulations to his prey. But when the surveyor came and began to search for the hiding game, Tiger gave a satisfied "A wooh!" bestowed a glance of contempt at the surveyor, and striking a dignified gait, stalked back to his couch with the appearance of a dog that had squared up all accounts with the Lake Survey, and left nothing due on either side, JST The total number of toe neorew race to-day, is about what it was in the days of King David, between 6,000,000 and 7,000-,000. There are in Europe, according torthe latest statistical information, about 5,000,000 ; in * Asia, 200,000; in Africa over 80,000; in America, from 1,000,000 to 1,500,000. More than half of the European Jews (2,621,000) reside in Russia; 1,375,000 in Austria, (of whom 575,000 are in the Polish Province of Galacia;) -512,000 in Germany, (61,000 in the Polish Province of Posen ;) Roumania is credited with 274,000, and Turkey with 100,000. The are 70,000 in Holland, 50,000 in England, 40,000 in France, 35,000 in Italy; Spain and Portugal have between 2,000 and 4,000; 1,800 in Sweden; 25 in Norway. Nothing is said about Denmark or Switzerland. The number of Jewish residents in Berlin is given at 45,000?nearly as many as the whole of France, and more than in Italy, Spain, Portugal, and the whole of the Scandinavian peninsula altogether. The majority of the African Jews live in the Province of Algiers. But they are to be found in Abyssinia and all along the north coast, and even in the Sahara oases, frequently acting as intermediaries between the Mohammedans and Christians. Of the'Asiatic Jews, 20,000 are ? j A. T_J:? ?a osrwi PoWino HSSlgueu IU iuuin nuu ak,uuv wv a. The population of Jerusalem is given at 7,000 Mohammedans, 5,000 Christians, and 13,500 Jews \ these last are classified as German, Spanish, or Arabic Jews. Cut out fob Reference.?Prof. Wilder gives three short rules for action in case of accidents: For dust in the eyes, avoid rubbing ; dash water into them. Remove 'Cinders, etc, with the round point of a led pencil. Remove insects from the ear by'tepid water; never put a hard instrument into the ear. If an artery is cut, compress below. If choked, get on all fours and cough. For .light burns, dip the part in cold water: if the skin is destroyed, cover with varnish. Smother a fire with carpets, etc.; water will often spread the burning oil and increase the danger. Before passing through smoke, take a full breath, and then stoop low; but if carbon is suspected, walk erect. Suck poison wounds, unless your mouth is sore; enlarge the wound, or, better, cut out the part without delay. Hold the wounded part as long as ean be borne to a hot coal or end of a cigar. In case of poisoning, excite vomiting by tickling the throat by water Or mustard. For acid poisons, give alkalies; in the case of opium poison, give strong coffee, and keep moving. If in water, float on the back, with , the nose and mouth projecting. For apoplexy, raise the head and body; for fainting, lay the body flat. A Strange Sect.-?Benjamin Roe, a former, of Osakona, Wisconsin, has started one of 11 1 a a- ! lu/. ilp/umkn me HirtiDgesi secw iu exiewmuo?mo x cvuwu Children. Roe was formerly a Baptist, but was informed "by the spirit" that a literal interpretation should be given to Christ's words: "Except ye become as little children ye shall not enter into the kingdom of heaven." The apostle of this liew dispensation is a large, rather good-looking man of sixty years, awkward in manner and uncouth in speech, but so earnest that he has made quite a number of converts in his vicinity. During the summer Roe conducts a camp-meeting in the woods, the religious exercises being like those of similar gatherings. But afterward, graybeards and grandmaiB Vhip out their tops and marbles, play tag and kissing games, suck candy and play with dolls, for all the world, like children of eight or ten years old. Strange as it may appear, this sort of thing makes converts to the doctrine that believers should be innocent, sincere, above care for land or gold, but instead should love harmless enjoyment and those things alone which are intrinsically worthless. 1 Mgllein as a Cure fob Consumption.? A correspondent writes as follows to an exchange : "I have discovered a remedy for consumption. It has cured a number of cases after they had commenced bleeding at the lungs and the hectic flush was alraady on the cheek. After trying this remedy to my own satisfaction, I have thought philanthropy re- * mitred thef. T nhnuld let it be known to the world. It is common mullein steeped strongly and sweetened with coffee-sugar and drank freely. It is much more beneficial if allowed to become cool before using. A bottle of the tea should be carried in the pocket and used whenever there is a desire for drink. Young or old plants are good, dried in the shade ana kept in clean bags. The medicine must be continued from three to six months, according to the nature of the disease. It is very good for the blood-vessels, also. It strengthens and builds up the system instead of taking away the strength ; it makes good blood, and takes inflammation away from the lungs. ? ? -+ How Poet Wine is Made.?All port wine hitherto exported for the Efiglish market, is largely mixed with brandy, and is composed as much of elderberries as of grapes. The way in which what in England is called port wine has hitherto been manufactured for the London market, is this: The Paiz de Venhaterio abounds in elder trees; the berries of these trees are dried in the sun or in kilns. The wine is then thrown on them, and the berries are trodden (as previously the grapes) till it is thoroughly saturated with the coloring matter of the berries. Brandy is then added in the proportion of from three to sixteen gallons to every pipe of 115 gallons. This is the composition of all the port wine drank in England. ? ? As an illustration of the vast wealth of some of the Pacific coast capitalists, it is said that $5,000,000 of the assets of the late Mark Hopkins were entirely overlooked until about a month ago, when Mr. C. P. Huntington of the Central Pacific Railroad mentioned, incidentally, to persons intimate with the family of Mr. Hopkins, that he had in his custody a large quantity of United States bonds be- * longing to the estate, which he thought that it was about time for somebody to look after. None of this property was included in the in* - *ii* _ ventory made at tbe time 01 tne millionaire s death, and consequently the heirs are that much richer than they thought they were before the discovery. A recent decision of the solicitor of the Postoffice Department, holds that the intent of the law regarding the distinction between mail matter of the first and third class, is to permit partly printed commercial papers, in ordinary use among ousiness men, 10 oe regarded as third class matter. In other words, papers which are constantly passing in the commercial community for business purposes, the blanks of which wffen filled do not after their character as papers in general use. Whenever there shall be a departure from this rule, it is held there must necessarily be a departure from third class rate. Major Thornburgh, who was killed by the Ute Indians, was one of best rifle-shots and horsemen in the United States army. It is said by his friends that, with practice, he could have equaled Carver in rifle shooting. He was a man of splendid physique, with a noble, manly appearance, which impressed everyone. One of the most noted and successful of cotton merchants, predicts that if frost be postponed until November, the crop will be not less than 5,500,000 bales. This will make the bulls and bears howl about December.