University of South Carolina Libraries
g?UtB0Wtt!5 jftpxtelt. AN INITIATED TRAMP. j We have before maintained that the tramps scouring about the country are a regularly organized fraternity, having a general under- j standing with one another, and having a ritu- | al of questions and answers. Their uniform ; appearance, their periodical visits to the same localities, their regular calls at the same 1 houses, where they have before secured food, i all point to this. A sheriff of a Western county has found curious emblems about them, ; has studied their character and listened toj their conversation, until he can tell a regular-; ly initiated tramp from an imposter. The following amusing and instructive dialogue , took place between the sheriff and one of a squad of tramps recently committed to jail: "From whence came you ?" "From a town in New York, called Jeruon lom " oaivuii " What's your business here ?" "To learn to subdue ray appetite and to sponge my living from an indulgent public." "Then you are a regular tramp, I presume?" "I am so taken and accepted wherever I tt g?"How am I to recognize you as a tramp ?" "By the largeness of my feet, and general carnivorous appearance." "How do you know yourself to be a tramp." "In seeking food, by being often denied, but ready to try again." "How gained you admittance to this town ?" "By a good many long tramps." "How were you received ?" "On the end of a night policeman's billy, presented to my head." "How did the policeman dispose of you ?" "He took me several times around the town, to the south, east and west, where he found the city marshal, police judge and the jailor, where a great many questions were asked." "What advice did the judge give you?" "He advised me to walk in upright, regular steps, and to renounce tramping." "Will you be off or from ?" "With your permission, I'll be off very quickly." "Which way are you traveling?" "East." "Of what are you in pursuit ?" "Work?which, by my own endeavors and the assistance of others, I hope I shall never be able to find." "My friend, you are now at an institution where the wicked are always troublesome and the weary are as bad as the rest You will now be conducted to the middle chamber by a flight of winding stairs, consisting of five or more steps. Instead of corn, wine, and oil? the wages of the ancients?you will find bread and water for five days. When your compa ny escapes from this place, divide yourselves into parties of three each, take a bee line for Portland or Bangor, where in the winter they usually run free soup houses, and you may be pardoned on condition of your never returning." A Mule's Wonderful kicking.? "Speaking about mules," remarked a sixfooter in Arkansas, as he cracked his whip at market, "I've got a mule at home which knows as much as I do, and I want to bear somebody say I am a half a fool." No one said so, and he went on. "I've stood around here and heard men blow about kicking mules till I've got disgusted. When you come down to kicking, I want to bet on my mule. A friend came along and took dinner with mo the other day, and, as he seemed a little down-hearted, I took him out to see Thomas Jefferson, my champion mule. I was telling the good man how that mule would flop his feet around, and he said he would like to see a little fun. He passed his whole life in the South, but had never seen a mule lay his whole soul into a big time at kicking. Well," he said, after borrowing some tobacco, "I took Thomas out of the stable, backed him up again a bill, gin him a cuff on the ear, and we stood back to see the amusement. It was a good place to kick his durndest, and what d'ye s'pose he did ? In ten minutes by the watch he was out of sight. In five more, we couldn't feel him with a ten-foot pole, and?and?" The crowd began to yell and sneer, and the narrator looked around and asked, "Does anybody think I am lying? Would I lie for one mule? Right here under my arm is a pound of tallow candles which are to light the hole for to go in after Thomas; and I got word not an hour ago that the hind feet of a mule were sticking out of a hill thirty-nine miles as the bird flies from where my mule went in. I'm shaky on religion, gentlemen, but our family never had a liar in it." A Parallel Case.?A ragged, shivering, middle-aged man called at a house and asked for food, but the lady of the house called out: "Why don't you work for food ?" "I would, if I knew where I could fiod work," he promptly replied. "There's a place down town where you can saw wood and earn your dinner," she continued. That seemed to stick him for half a minute, but he finally said, with great solemnity : "Madame, let me state a parallel case. There is a place in Heaven for you, but you don't want to die until you are driven to it." She pondered over his philosophy for a few seconds, and then called to the cook to pass out half a loaf of bread and some meat. "Ten dollars fine for driving over this bridge faster than a walk." "What does that mean ?" asked a little Indianapolis boy, who was riding with his father. Father explains : "If we whip up and go fast the policeman will stop us and take us to the mayor, and j he will not let us go till we pay ten dollars." Silence in the carriage. Meditating boy speaks: "Papa! If it warn't for the policemans and for God, what lots of fun we could have, couldn't we?" How to get a Cheap Horse.?A 'cute Yankee wanted a horse; he found a person ' who was willing to sell him one for 8150. "I j will pay you fifty down," said he to the owner, [ "and I will be your debtor for the rest." The , owner consented. Some days afterward, how- j ever, he came to demand bis hundred dollars. j "No," said the purchaser; "we must stick to j our bargain. I told you I should be your | debtor for the rest, and I should not be your debtor, if I paid you." SOT Two negroes were in the woods splitting j rails, when the question of what was the best in iDAi>lr1 noma n n a of a lra of fo' lUJUg iU bUC nWK4 VMUiV AA UWMUV V4 av . bits" was deposited on a neighboring stump,; to be taken by the one guessing the most i palatable dish. After throwing "heads and 1 tails" for first guess, the winner exclaimed, ! "Possum and sweet pertater." "Sh-h-oo!"! ejaculated the other, "take de money; I didn't tink you'd guess de berry best fus' ting." 8ie8* It is a practice on some of our railroads i to allow clergymen to ride for half fare. Recently a minister received a clergyman's half fare traveling card, as they are called, and wrote to the superintendent, asking "if he could not embrace his wife, also." The su- j perintendent replied that he thought he could, but did not want to say positively until he , had seen his wife, as he was a little fastidious in his tastes. 8&* Said a college professor to a notorious laggard who was once, for a great wonder, in his place promptly for morning prayers, and at the appointed time: "I have marked you, sir, as punctual this morning. What is your excuse?" "S-s-sick, sir, and couldn't sleep," was the reply. 8&&* A man in Connecticut having advertised his wife for "leaving his bed and board," the fugacious spouse retorted as follows: "I went away from the laay fellow to earn my board, and the bed belongs to my own moth-, er." I She 4f?*m and rfieeside. What is A Thoroughbred Horse.? The Live Slock Journal says there exists the grossest ignorance, even araongst those who pass for well-informed horsemen, as to what constitutes a thoroughbred horse, and it thus explains the terms: In the first place, it should be understood that we derive the term, as well as the breed of horses to which it applies, from our British cousins across the water. The term, when applied to horses, is used to designate one particular breed, and that is the running horses. In England this blood has beeu kept pure since the reign of Charles II., without auy admixture, save an occasional fresh infusion of the Oriental blood, from which it was originally created; and no horse is a thoroughbred unless his descent can be traced, in an unbroken, unmixed current, to this ancestry. Stud books were introduced at an early date, and the pedigrees of thoroughbred horses have long been kept with the most scrupulous exactness, nothing being admitted to registry that is contaminated with any outcross, however remote. All our American thorougbreds are, therefore, imported from England, or are descendants of animals so imported. A recent cross with an imported Arab or Barb, while it does not vitiate the blood nor render an animal ineligible as a thorougbred, is not usually regarded as desirable, from the fact that the course of selection which has been practiced by the breeders of thoroughbred horses in England and America, for the last hundred years, has given us a race that is generally considered to be far superior to the Oriental horse to-day in speed, size and stoutness. The i compilers of stud books of thoroughbred horses in this country have relaxed the English rule j somewhat, and admit to registry auiraals that show an unmixed descent for five generations of pure blood; and while, under this rule, many animals may be admitted that are not, in the strict sense of the word, thoroughbred, yet if for 6ve generations nothing but thoroughbred sires and dams are to be found in the pedigree, the quantity of alien blood remaining must necessarily be infinitesimally small; and by usage, the animal so hred is, in this country, ranked as a thoroughbred. Balky Horses.?Every balky horse, unless it inherits the habit, is a living witness against some owner or driver. The difficulty is not a physical but a moral one, and in most cases is acquired by the animal's being over[ loaded. A horse generally has a pretty defij nite idea of how much it ought to draw, and if this amount is exceeded, balking is the I narrr natural roan 11 Wis ftnPS ktlPW fln UO commonly intelligent pony which was employed in drawing bark in a cart up an inclined plane into a tannery. The little brute would be patient and apparently unconcerned while the load was going into the cart, until it had reached a certain amount. Theu, if the loading continued, it would turn its head and watch, with evident interest and anxiety, every piece that was added to the load, until finally, without waiting for the word of command, it would start off at a brisk pace, showing by the position of its ears, and in other ways, its irritation and displeasure at what it seemed to consider an attempted imposition. It is far more easy to prevent than to cure the habit of balking when once acquired ; no harsh treatment will ever break it. Firmness and kindness alone will avail anything. Never apply a whip to a horse when it is balking, nor after it starts. Success in training and governing animals lies in one's ability to make them uncomfortable when disobedient, and comfortable when they obey. And yet how often do we see foolish drivers, when a horse has stopped and refused to start for a while, when it does start make it uncomfortable by putting on the whip while it is doiug what they want it to do. It is whipped when it stands and whipped when it goes. This foolish practice has grown from the foolish idea that punishment must be given for what has been done, and the horse has no opportunity to learn that it is better for it to obey than not to obey, consequently it cannot learn to obey. ? What to Teach Our Children.?Too many of our our farmers commit a grave error in educating their children for some one of the "learned professions" instead of for their own. The boy is told that he is to be a lawyer, a physician or a minister, and in his youthful thoughtlessness, he thinks this will be "jolly," as there is, in h:s belief, little labor and much leisure in these vocations. Fitness for the station is a secondary consideration, and it is often discovered, when too late, that a life has been wasted, an immortal mind ruined past redemption. Do not suppose that education for farmers' children is not neccessary and desirable, for it is. But the curriculum of the school must be varied for the purpose. Chemistry, botany, geology and kindred sciences should take front rauk, and not, as now, be regarded as secondary studies. With proper apparatus and earnest teachers, the boy will fiud such studies intensely interesting, and thus, by degrees, all unconsciously, he learns to love the vocation of his father, and finds, sometimes to his own surprise, that there is a real pleasure in holding the plow himself. Experiments in Corn Planting.?About twenty-five years ago, Dr. Parker, in the vicinity of Columbia, S. C., planted corn on upland 4x4 feet, 2,700 stalks to the acre, aud gathered 22 bushels. In his second experiment, he planted 3 feet by 10 inches, 17,400 stalks to the acre, and gathered 147 bushels. In his third experience, he planted 21 feet by ten 10 inches?a trifle over 2 square feet to the stalk, 21,000 stalks to the acre, and gathered 200 bushels. There are 43,560 square feet in a acre. These experiments indicate that the limit of crowding corn has not yet been reached ; but it must be remembered, that the propriety of thus crowding depends much upou the character of the soil, its strength and moisture. Low, rich moderately damp lands will bear crowding the best, while it would scarcely be profitable to crowd beyond the first experiment above, on high rolling, or flat sandy soils. WhonAvpr erowdine is done, richness and moisture must be present. Make the Horse Work.?Horses were designed as beasts of burden, to relieve mankind from fatiguing drudgery. It does not hurt them to work hard, if they are treated kindly. It is not the hard drawing and ponderous loads that wear out horses and make them poor, balky and worthless ; but it is the hard driving, the worry by rough and inhuman drivers, that uses up more horse flesh, fat and muscle than all the labor a team performs. Consider the ponderous loads that many j teams are required to cart every day, and \ several times a day, and yet they appear to ! grow fatter and strong every year. They are treated kindly. On the other hand, other j horses, that do not perform half the labor soon grow poor, and give out, and the next we hear of them they die with harness on. Hard work does not kill them ; but the worrying, fretting, and abuse did the job. tefcY* Cast steel is a mixture of scraps of different varieties of blistered steel, collected together iu a good refractory clay crucible; upon this a cover is luted, and it is exposed to an intense heat in a blast furnace for three or four hours. The contents is then run into moulds. After being subjected to the blows of a tilt-hammer the cast steel is ready for use. I6T To case harden small articles of iron, fuse together, in an iron vessel or crucible, one part prussiate of potash and teu parts common salt, allowing the articles to remain iu the liquid thirty minutes, then put iug them in cold water, they will be case hardened. Miscellaneous Reading. LAWS OF THE STATE. AN ACT to Amend the Law in relation to the Assessment and Collection of Taxes and to Alter and tix the Times for the Performance of Certain Duties under said Law. Section 1. Be it enacted by the Senate and j House of Representatives of the State of South Carolina, now met and sitting in General Assembly, and by the authority of the same, That every person required by law to list property for taxation shall annually list and return the same between the first day of June and the twentieth day of July in the manuer now prescribed by law, and each Auditor shall make out the alphabetical list of the names of persons, companies and corporations in whose name any real or personal property shall have been listed by the first day of August thereafter. Sec. 2. A meeting of the County Board of Enuulization shall he held annually in each 1 " county on the first Monday of August in every year, and the Auditor shall theu lay before them the returns of real property as now required by law. Sec. 3. Each County Auditor shall, on or before the thirtieth day of September of each year, transmit to the Comptroller-General the abstract of real property, the abstract of personal property and the abstract of the duplicates of his county, in manner as now prescribed by law. Sec. 4. The Boards of County Commissioners of the several counties shall deliver their warrants for the collection of county taxes to the Auditors of the counties respectively for entry upon the duplicate on or before the first day of November annually. Sec. 5. Ou or before the first day of November annually the Comptroller General shall notify each County Auditor of the rates per centum authorized by law to be levied for the various State purposes ; and the said County Auditors shall deliver the tax duplicate to the County Treasurer on or before the fifteenth day of November annually. Sec. 6. From the twentieth day of November to the fifteenth day of January, annually, the County Treasurers shall keep their books open for the payment of taxes, advertising and attending at such places as now required by law, the expenses of such advertisements to be paid on the warrant of the County Commissioners from the fund or funds collected for county purposes; and between the said dates they shall receive payment of taxes without penalty. On the fifteenth day of January the penalty now prescribed by law for the non-payment of taxes shall be added [ on the duplicate, but no costs for the collection of said taxes and penalties shall be de mandfid hpfore the twentieth dav of January. On and after the twentieth day of January, annually, the County Treasurer shall proceed to collect all taxes, as well poll tax as taxes upon real and personal property, together with the penalty added as aforesaid, and the further penalty provided by law for the compensation of the Treasurer, by distress nnd sale: Provided, That if the person against whom such taxes are assessed is charged with real property upon the duplicate the said Treasurer shall not distrain after the first day of March, but otherwise shall continue to collect such taxes by distress and sale until the final settlement is made with the Auditor. On the first day of March the County Treasurers shall deliver to the Auditors of their respective counties the delinquent land list, charging upon such list all taxes due by the delinquent, and the sale of delinquent lands shall thereupon be made commencing on the fourth Monday of March. Sec. 7. The annual settlement of the County Treasurer with the County Auditor shall he made on the first day of May, annually. Ou the tenth day of May the County Auditor shall transmit to the Comptroller General the list of lands forfeited to the State, as now required by law. Sec. 8. The County Commissioners of the respective counties shall forward their annual report to the Comptroller General on or before the tenth day of November. Sec. 9. If any of the duties herein required to be performed on or before certain days by any officer herein named cannot, for want of proper time, or other causes, be so performed the Comptroller-General, with the approval of the Governor, may extend the time for the performance of the same; and when the as sessment or collection of taxes shall be necessarily delayed, the Comptroller-General may postpone the time for penalties to attach, and for the performance of any of the duties prescribed by this Act. Sec. 10. That all Acts and parts of Acts inconsistent with this Act be, and the same are hereby, repealed. Approved March 22, 1878. AN ACT to Prevent Public Officers from Issuing Checks except upon funds actually to their credit, of from paying the same. Section 1. Be it enacted, by the Senate and House of Representatives of the State of South Carolina, now met and sitting in General Assembly, and by the authority of the same, That the Board of County Commissioners shall draw orders on the County Treasurer for all accounts against the County which they have allowed, but they shall draw no orders until after the monthly report of the Treasurer has been received by them, and unless he has reported the funds in the treasury to pay the same ; and the County Commissioners shall inform the County Treasurer of the orders drawn, in whose favor, the amount and the order in which they are drawn. A violation of this section shall be deemed a misdemeanor, punishable on conviction thereof in any Court of competent jurisdiction, by fine and imprisonment, at the discretion of the Court. It shall not be lawful for any County Treasurer to pay an order of the Board of County Commissioners unless drawn in conformity with this Section; and it is made the duty of the Comptroller General, in case of any violation of the provisions of this Section which may come or be brought to this notice, to report the offender to the Attorney-General for prosecution, or to the Governor for dismissal, as the case may be. Sec. 2. It shall not be lawful for any State or County officer to issue any certificate of indebtedness : Provided, That this Act shall uot apply to the issuing of tickets to jurors or witnesses for their attendance upon the Circuit Courts. Sec. 3. It shall not be lawful for any State ftraur n ujqrrunt nr phpnlr fr?r nnv I public debt except upou money then actually to his credit on that account in the hands of some bank or public officer. Approved February 18, 1878. The Execution Block.?Of all the objects shown to visitors in the Tower of London, the most impressive, perhaps, are the block and axe formerly used for beheading of; persons convicted of treason. The block is a j rough mass of wood, about two feet high, two feet thick and three feet long, with an exca- I vation in the upper part to receive the breast of the sufferer, and a corresponding excavation j on the other side for the chin. The marks I of the axe are still plainly visible on the block, some of them showing by their depth, the needless force of the executioner's stroke, i The axe is an ancient, awkward instrument, which seemed to me, when I handled it, to be very ill adapted to its purpose. There used to be shown an awful-looking black mask, which the executioner wore when he performed his office, so that he should not be recognized by the spectators. Woman.?A lady writer in the Washington Capital has not a very high opinion of her sex, if we may judge of her feelings by the subjoined : "One woman's hand is always lifted against another, if she thinks the j : other is getting along. If I was on trial I would not be tried by a jury of women, for if my bonnet was a little more fashionable, or my face a little more attractive, then the twelve intelligent jury women would sit down on their sister women instantly if not soon| ff i er. fjUa&ittg fur the jkbkth. CONDUCTED BT REV. ROBERT LATHAN. T Original. J THE SABBATH. The authority for observing the Sabbath is derived from the express and positive command of God. If God has commanded us to observe the Sabbath, then it is our duty to do so. If he has not given such a command, then we are not bound to observe it. It may be said that a day of rest, is necessary for the welfare of society. Domestic animals need rest, and laboring men require both mental and physical relaxation. All this is true; and stil 1, were this all, the observance of the Sabbath would not be a religious duty. It ? - ? I J 1* * MAnM.t I Ittl II O A f AV WUUltl UC UUUlilig luuic man a waitoi ui CApediency. There is, no doubt, a fitness in every command of God ; but the authority of the command does not arise from the fitness, but from the command itself. The fitness of things depends upon circumstances. Under some circumstances some acts are fit and expedient; and under other circumstances, they are not. This position is easily illustrated and established. It will be found that in all matters of expediency, an appeal is ms.de to the human judgment. In matters of religion, this is not the case. A judge on thci bench is not to interpret the law in accordance with his notions of fitness or expediency. His business is to say what the law is and no more. In matters of religion, the question is not what is fit or expedient, or what is not; but what does God command and what does he forbid? Now, does God command us to observe one day in seven, as a day of sacred rest? If he does, it is then our duty to do so ; but if he does not, why then the observs.nce of the Sabbath is a mere matter of expediency and we may observe it or not just as we may think proper. A uuraber of persons, and even some professedly Christian denominations, claim that the Sabbath is one of the old Jewish ceremonies, and is not of any force siuce the introduction of the New Testament dispensation. To the attentive reader of the Bible, this position is not even plausible. The Sabbath was given to man long before: Abraham, the progenitor of the Jews, was born. Not only so, but the Sabbath is older than the fall of man. The first Sabbuth was observed by Adam iu the garden of Paradise. The forbiddeu fruit had not been eaten. No tempter had assailed the happy human pair. (See Genesis ii: 2.) Some individuals have said that we fiud no notices of the observance of the Sabbath duriog the patriarchal period. This is bare assertion, and can be asserted to only by those who are anxious to bolster up a godless desecration of the Sabbath. Before the giving of the ten commandments, the Sabbath was in existence and observed by the children of Israel. No one will doubt this, if he believes the record contained in the 16th chapter of Exodus. There we find a special command given with respect to the gathering of manna. During the six days of the week, the manna was raiued?to use the language of the Scriptures?down from heaven, during the night. In the morning it lay around the camp of Is rae). Ou the sixth day, twice as much lay on the ground as on any of the other days, and none on the seventh day. The people were commanded to gather a sufficient amount on the sixth day, to supply the demands of their families for the sixth and seventh days. That gathered for the seventh day did not spoil; whilst if any of it was kept over on any of the other days, it "bred worms and stank." God made miraculous provision for the children of Israel in the wilderness, in order that they might be able to observe the Sabbath. This is not all. The whole tenor of the Scriptures which specially refer to the patriarchal period, recognizes the existence of the Sabbath. In Genesis iv: 3, 4, we find this language: "In process of time it came to pass that Cain brought an offering unto the Lord," <fec. The words translated "process of time," literally mean "at the end of days" The honest Bible reader will readily understand that by "process of time," is meant at the end of the six laboring days, or on the Sahbath. The plain fact stated is, simply, that it was on the Sabbath that Cain and Abel?the two first born of the human family?appeared before the Lord as worshippers. The fact is not expressly stated ; but we are warranted in inferring that Adam and Eve, as well as Cain and Abel, their sons, appeared before the Lord at the same time as worshippers. It would be a waste of time to undertake to prove that the Sabbath was of permanent existence from the giving of the law on Mount Sinai, until the coming of the Saviour. The individual who will dare to call this statement in question, will subject himself to the charge of being, if not spiritually blind ed, at least mentally blind. Some persons teach that the Sabbath belongs to the Jewish economy. They admit that the Jews were commanded to observe the Sabbath ; but claim that Christians are not bound to observe it. These persons, at least some of them, hold that if the Sabbath is observed at all, it should be simply as a day of pleasure. Part of this day they devote to the public worship of God. The other part, and by far the greater part, they devote to worldly amusements or worldly business. They go to church in the morning and spend the afternoon in fishing, in hunting, in social visiting, ! iu strolling over their own or neighbors' fieldu, or in some other worldly sport or carnal pleasure. These people, we are sorry to say, have no just ideas of God. They have never studied God's law. They may call them- I selves Christians; but their Christianity is not j that of the Bible. The observanoe of the ! Sabbath belongs neither to the Old Testament j nor to the New Testament dispensation. It is i simply the law by which God asserts his dominion over man as a moral being. When ! God says "sanctify my Sabbath," he issues a I command which embraces all that is contained j in the first three commandments of the moral I law. The command to remember the Sabbath i day stands last of the first table of the ten commandments, and embraces everything thing that is specified in the first, second and third commandments. Man's whole duty is thus epitomized by our Saviour: "Thou shalt ? /-I 1 -11 .L_ 1 4 1 love the Liora toy tjoa wun 'in iuy uenrt, auu with all thy soul, and with all thy strength, and with all thy mind ; and thy neighbor as thyself. Luke x: 27. Observing the Sabbath day is the evidence that we love God, and obeying the tenth commandment is the evi- j deuce that we love our neighbor as ourselves, j As the man who loves his neighbor as himself, never will covet anything that is his neighbor's, so the man who loves God with all his j soul, heart, strength and mind, never will i violate the Sabbath day. Not because he is a Jew; neither because he is a Christian ; but ' because he acknowledges himself the subject of God's moral government. On the other, hand, the man who has do love for his neighbor, must necessarily be goaded by covetousness to the performance of deeds of violence; so the man who has no love of God in his heart has no Sabbath in his practice. It will be found, on examination, that those individuals who have unscriptural notions with regard to the sacredness of the Sabbath, are very loose in their morals. They belong to that class of professors which is neither cold nor hot; but lukewarm. Sin, in their eyes, is not a hideous monster, and they do not regard the violation of God's law as an evil and bitter thing. The manner in which the Sabbath is observed, is a sure index to Christian character. We admit that in this, as in everything else, there may be formality, counterfeiting and hypocrisy. With this we have, at present, nothing to do. All we say is that the man who loves God, keeps his Sabbaths; and the man who remembers the Sabbath day and keeps it holy unto the Lord-bis God, is a good man, whatever may be his apparent defects. The question may be asked, "Which day of the week are we to sanctify or keep as a Sabbath to the Lord our God ?" This is a subject which perplexes many whom we have every reason to believe love the Sabbath. It will assist us in solving this question if we willrememher that the obligation to observe the Sabbath has its origin in the express and positive command of God, and not in anything peculiar about the day itself. In a natural point of view, there is no difference in the days of the week. Ou all ulike the winds blow, the clouds rise, the lightnings flash, the thunders roil, and the rains fall. The birds sing, the fish sport in the waters, and the wild goats leap from cliff to cliff ou the Sabbath as well as on any other day. The sun shines as brightly on the Sabbath aa it does on any day in the week. No part of the grand machinery of the universe is stopped; but all goes on. Hence, we conclude that the Sabbath was made for man, and for man alone. Since God has not set a particular mark upon any one of the days of the week, thereby making it easy for us to distinguish it from any and all of the other days, we conclude it is not so much a particular day that we are required to observe as a Sabbath, as one-seventh of the whole time which he allots to us. In other words, the division of time which God has made for us is: Six days we are given to labor for the maintenance of our physical existence ; but the seventh we must devote wholly to the worship of God. The natural division of time is into days. This division is caused by the revolution of the earth ou its own axis. Out of every one hundred and sixty-eight hours, we are required, by the Sabbatical law, to observe twenty-four consecutive bours as a Sabbath to the Lord our God. When the day is to commence? whether at sundown, at midnight, or at sunrise?we are not informed. There is no positive law on this point. National uniformity on this point is conducive to individual piety. Remembering that it is not so much a particular day of the week that God requires to be observed as a Sabbath, as one seventh of the consecutive days of our temporal existence, we proceed to remark that, under Old Testament dispensation, the seventh day of the week was observed as a day of sacred rest. The reason given for selecting the seventh day, rather than any other day of the week, we have in these words: "And God blessed the seventh day, and sanctified it ; i 1 j c _n l:? ueuause tuai in it uc uau icsieu iruiu an mo work which God created and made." Gen. xi: 2. It was this day which, in all probability, Cain and Abel observed, and it was this day which the patriarchs and prophets to the eoming of Jesus of Nazareth observed. Since the resurrection of Jesus Christ, the first day of the week has been observed as the Sabbath in all Christian lands. Hence, it is called the Christian Sabbath. Does any one ask, "Have we any authority for making this change?" We reply, "Yes." It will appear to the attentive reader of the Old Testament Scriptures, that the change was intimated by many of the Jewish ceremonies. In regular succession, the first day of the week follows the seventh. In other words, if we were to count regularly on, the first day which follows the seventh, would be the eighth. Now in the ritual of the Old Testament service, we find that a very marked prominence is given to the "eighth day." On the eighth day, the children of the Jews were circumcised ; on the eighth day the cleansing of lepers took place. Lev. xiv: 10. On the eighth day Aaron was consecrated High Priest. Lev. ix : 1. On the eighth day, the burnt offering was accepted. Lev. xxii:27. On the eight day the atonement was made for the defiled Nazarite. Num. vi: 10. On the completion of Solomon's temple, the eighth day was sanctified. 2 Chron. vii: 8. And in the days of Hezekiah, when the temple was again sanctified, we find that it was ob the eighth day. 2 Chron. xxix : 17-20. The feast of tabernacles was on the fifteenth day; but, since seven and eight are fifteen, it was on the eighth day. The wave offering was to be presented on the eighth day. Leviticus xxiii: 11. The year of Jubilee was the fiftieth, and not the forty ninth year of the Sabbatic years. Leviticus xxv. It would be wearisome to refer to all the passages of the Old Testament in.which a prominence is givnn tn oirrhtti V*U VU IftiV va^tit#*! vawj It may be that the Jews did not fully understand why so many things were to be done on the eighth day; but when we look at these things as interpreted in the New Testament scriptures, we see at once that they prefigured a change in the day to be observed as the Sabbath. The wave offering, which consisted in taking a sheaf of the first ripe grain and giving it to the priest, who waved it before the Lord, symbolized the resurrection of Christ Jesus. As was the first sheaf, so was the whole crop; as Christ ro9e, so will all rise who sleep in him. Now it was on the eight day, or first day of the week, that Jesus rose from the dead. See John xx. From the narrative, we learn that on the next first day of the week the disciples were within and the doors shut. On the evening of the day of the resurrection, they had shut themselves up for fear of the Jews; but on the next first day, we are at liberty to suppose that they had assembled to worship God. Be this as it may, it is certain that it was on the first day of the week that Jesus rose from the dead, and that bis resurrection completed the work v,Q v.arl aa our redeemer, undertaken to VTIIItll iiu UUUj MW V*.. ... w accomplish on earth. The seventh day was consecrated by God, prior to man's fall, as a day of sacred rest because, on that day, God finished the work of creation. The first day of tho week was typically set forth as the day on which the work of redemption would be completed ; and because Jesus rose from the dead on the first day of the week, having, by his resurrection, triumphed over death and him that had the power of it, the first day of the week is observed as the Christian Sabbath. Hence, by intelligent Christians, the resurrection of Jesus Christ is celebrated on every Sabbath. SERGEANT GREENSB' MANUFACTURERS < "TROPiq" GOO T. M. DOBSON & CO., Agei JOHN R. LONDON, Agent, A. F. LINDSAY, Agent, Mc J. L. CARROLL, Agent, Cb August 2 G. H. O'LEARY. FURNITURE. }N connection with my Saddlery establishment I shall also conduct the FURNITURE BUSIESS, and keep on hand a full stock of articles in that line, consisting of Bureaux, Bedsteads, Tables, Chairs, Lounges, Cottage and Chambei Suites, Ac., of different styles and qualities, and in the various kinds of wood. G. H. O'LEARY. SADDLES.A FULL supply of my own manufacture ol Saddles, consisting of Gentlemen's, Ladies', Boy's and Wagon Saddles, all of which will be sold very cheap, for the cash. G. H. O'LEARY. SUNDRIES. BRIDLES, Halters, Girths, Saddle Bags, Saddle Blankets, Flames, Trace Chains, Backbands, Stirrups, Bridle Bits, Buckles, etc., etc., for sale at G. H. O'LEARY'S. COOKING STOVES. " SEVERAL different brands of Cooking Stoves of the best grades, which I will warrant and sell at low figures. Also, cheaper grades ol Stoves for sale at G. H. 0 LEARY'S. TABLES, &C. TklNING, Teapov and Office Tables, Tin Toilel I P Sets, Towel flacks, Hat Racks, Suspension Spring Beds, etc., etc., at G. H. O'LEARY'S. HARNESS. A COMPLETE stock of Harness on band, and any kind made to order, at verv low figures, at G. H. O'LEARY'8. "WHIPS AND UMBRELLAS. A LARGE stock of Buggy, Wagon and Riding Whips and Buggy Umbrellas, for sale bv G. H. O'LEARY. BEDSTEADS. A NICE lot of Walnut Bedsteads juat received, Also, Maple and Poplar and Cottage Bedsteads for sale Dy G. H. O'LEARY. A. WILLIFORD, ROCK HILL. S. C. MORE FINE STOCK! HORSES AND MULES! i BOCK HILL SALE STABLES. 1 WOULD respectfully inform the public thai I now have for sale, at my stables in Rock Hill, FORTY HEAD of fine Kentucky HORSES AND MULES, Which I offer for sale ON TIME until the FIRST OF OCTOBER next, at 7 percent, interest, foi Note and good security. BARGAINS IN HORSE FLESH, Either on the above terms or for Cash. An inspection of my stock, by all in want of good animnln in resnectfullv solicited: and if you are in a trading mood and do not wish to buy, bring up your costanogaHand exchange them for good serviceable Horses or Mules with which to cultivate your crops, or serve in harness or under the saddle. A. WILLIFORD. FODDER WANTED. THE undersigned will pay the highest Cash prices for 10,000 POUNDS OF GOOD FODDER, delivered at his Livery and Sale Stables at Rock HU1. A. WILLIFORD. March 7 10 tf ~~ NEWATTRA CTIONS AND GREAT BARGAINS. WE OFFER A COMPLETE STOCK OF Family Groceries AND MILLINERY GOODS, CHEAP, FOR THE CASH. Mr. <* Mrs. S. B. MASSEY, Chester, S. C. March 28 18 3m DOWN WITH HIGH PRICES! CHICAGO SCALE COMPANY, 68 AHD 70 WEST M0NB0E 8T? CHICAGO, ILL., Have reduced the prices of all kinds of SOCLES! 4-Ton Hay, Stock or Cotton Scale, $60. FORMER PRICE, $IGO. All other sizes at a great reduction. r Every Scale fully warranted. All orders promplv filled. Circulars, Price List, and Testimonials sent upon application. BUY THE CHEAPE8T AND BEST. October 4 40 12m JAMES A. GLENN, D. D. S., ciTmnnnxT A vrn ltn?ru 4 "NTO A T. TiFNTTST uUIVU-EjUII AilJL/ lUJUVillilUViiii A/iiii Xik/Aj |~\FFERS his professional services JjRBfifc if to the citizens of this section. When desired, he will visit the residences of patrons. Teeth extracted without pain by the use of nitrous oxide gas. Letters addressed to Crowdor's Creek, N. C., will meet with prompt attention. Terms moderate. November 1 44 tf sTk. marks, Wholesale and Retail Dealer in GENERAL FURNITURE, CHESTER, S. C. January 24 4 81 m J. R7 SCHORB'S PHOTO-GALLERY, 1ST HOUSE EAST OF THE JAIL. A SUPERIOR Skylight, a gallery with every convenience, and a determination to do my best, enables me to promise satisfaction to all in want of correct and nattering likenesses. Cloudy weather is as good or better than sunshine for ail subjects, except small children. February 28 9 3t NOTICE^ I RESPECTFULLY inform the public that I am prepared to sharpen razors, scissors, shears and other fine-edged instruments. Prices?for honing and sharpening razors, 25 cents, and for sharpening scissors or shears, 10 cents each, and I satisfaction guaranteed or no charge. TOM BALLARD, Barber. November 2 44 ly IRON SAFE. A SECOND-HAND IRON SAFE for sale Price $20. Apply at the ENQUIRER OFFICE. __April 4 14 tf CHATTEL MORTGAGES, MORTGAGES of Real Estate, and Titles to Real Estate. For sale at the ENQUIRER OFFICE. November 8 45 tf 8c MeCAULEY, ORO, Bf. C?? )F THE CELEBRATED iKING STOVES! PRICE GREATLY REDUCED on Cooking and Heating Stoves, Hollow Ware And-Irons, and B Castings of al. xinds. Also, on PLANTER'S PRIDE' PLOWS STRAW CUTTERS. Saw Mills, Ac. ots, Yorkville, S. C. Rock Hill, York county, S. C. Conoellsville, York county, S. C. eater, S. C. 31 tf FOR THE CAMPAIGN? ? HAMPTON AND HOME RULE ! THE NEWS AND COURIER. I A Lire and Fearless Democratic Newspaper. Largest Circulation in the City. Largest Circulation in the State. 1 Largest Circulation in the Cotton States. ALL THE NEWS ABOUT 80UTH CAROLINA. ALL THE NEWS ABOUT THE 80UTH. ' ALL THE NEWS FROM EVERYWHERE. -J PURE AND UNDEFILED DEMOCRACY-.- fl ' UNION! JUSTICE!! EQUAL RIGHTS II! W ( Recognizing the Paramount Interest felt in the ^ \ APPROACHING POLITICAL CANVASS By every Democrat who hopes to see the great work of the Redemption of the State made complete and permanent so > that the people may reap and 1 fully enioy the Fruit of their sacrifices, The News and Courier will Direct all its Energies and Resources to Presenting, from Day to Day, and from Week to Week, I Full and Interesting Accounts , of the Progress of the Campaign. TO PLACE THE PAPER WITHIN THE REACH OF EVERYBODY, . During this exciting contest, we have determined to otfer to Mail Subscribers the following i REDUCED RATES POR THE CAMPAIGN : THE NEWS AND COURIER, Daily Edition, 6 months, $4 00 THE NEWS AND COURIER, Tri-Week ly Edition, 6 months, 2 00 THE WEEKLY NEWS, 6 months, 75 Subscriptions will be received at these rates. FOR MAIL SUBSCRIBERS ONLY, until May 15. In all cases the cash must accompany the order. Friends of the Cause of Honest Home Rnle in all the counties are invited to aid us in swelling our Campaign Subscription Lists, which oughtto include every Intelligent voter in the States RIOROAN & DAWSON, Proprietors, Charleston, 8. C. April 4 14 tf, ; paf*Subscriptions, at the above rates, received ' and promptly forwarded, by WILLIE FERGUSON, Agent. "YORK MARBLE YARD^ ' THE undersigned is still conducting the Marble Business in Yorkville, and would respect| that he can supply those MENTS OR HEADSTONES with anything in his line, and at the ' lowest cash prices. Monuments designed and finished in the most elaborate style, and in point ! of workmanship and material warranted equal ' to the work of any establishment in the country. Head and Footstones, in various styles, from plain to highly-carved work, furnished at short ^ notice, and satisfaction guaranteed. ^ i Specimens usually on band, to an inspection of . which, those in want of marble work are respect> fully invited. Estimates and any other desired information cheerfully given at any time. , Work 'delivered at any point on the Chester and Lenoir Narrow Gauge Railroad, between Chester and Dallas, or at any place between Rock Hill and Wlnnsboro, on the Charlotte, Colombia and Augusta Railroad, free of charge for , transportation. Thankful for the patronage heretofore bestowed upon my establishment, my determination is to . merit a continuance of the same. F. HAPPERFIELD. Januarys I , " ' ly ' : m a vir nnnir ivt a vfTii1 a rTnnv STATIONEEY. AHD J BOOK BINDERY. ] THANKING the public for liberal pant patronage, I now invite attention to my complete stock of STAPLE AND FANCY STATIONEBY. consisting, in part, of Flat Papers, Midium, Folio Post, Demy, Letter and Note. Blank Books, of every variety; Envelopes, Slates, Ink, Ac, Fancy Stationery, Gold Pens and Pencils, PenKnives, Writing Desks, Ac. Also, BOOK BINDING DONE, in all its various branches. Sheet Music, Periodicals, Law Books, Ac., bound in any style desired. Ola Books rebound and repaired. PBIHTED BILL AHD LETTER HEADS A SPECIALTY Orders promptlv attended to. at lowest cash prices. * E. R. STOKES, 155 Main Street Columbia S. C. ROSE'S HOTEL, YOKKVILLE, S. C. THIS HOUSE has been tboroughly renovated from cellar to garret, and newly furnished, inn-" aMr eluding GRAFTON'S PATENT SPRING BEDS. In view of the times, our motto is a full House at a moderate price. TERMS?$1.50 PER DAY, OR 50o. PER MEAL. Sample Rooms reserved especially for Commercial travelers. HENRY W. SMITH. A ugust 30 34 tf METALiC CASES AND WOOD COFFINS! I HAVE on hand a good assortment of METALIC CASES AND WOOD COFFINS? all styles, qualities and prices?from a FINE CASKET, with Silver-PIated Mountings, worth $200.00, to a PLAIN COFFIN, at $7.00. I am prepared, at all times, to furnish these Coffins at my Despository, or send them anywhere in the country. JAMES E. SMITH, Agent. January 17 3 tf CLEANSING AND REPAIBINGK " THE undersigned would respectfully inform the public that he is prepared to cleanse garments of any fabric whatever, rendering them perfectly clean, and if unfaded, restoring them to the original brightness and lustre of the goods. Do not throw away your old clothes, out have ? them cleaned and made to look as well as new. Work promptly done, and at the most reasonable prices. THOMAS BALLARD. September 6 36 tf BARBER SHOP. THOSE in want of an EASY SHAVE, a fashionable and Btylish cut of hair, or a pleasant and luxurious Shampoo, are reminded that THOS. BALLARD, Professor of the Art Tonsorial, is still in business, in his old Shop next door to the Enquirer building, where it will afford him great pleasure to wait upon all who may desire his services. Razors honed and sharpened, and any other work of that kind promptly done. THOMAS BALLARD. January 10 2 tf TKRM8?IN ADVANCE i One copy, one year. $ 3 00 One copy, six months, 1 50 One copy, three months, - 75 Single copy, 10 Two copies, one year, 5 00 Ten copiee, one year, - 25 00 pa* To persons who make up clube of ten or more names, an extra copy of the paper will be furnished one year, free of charge. par Advertisements inserted at One Dollar per square, for the first insertion, and fifty cents per square, for each subsequent insertion. A square i consists of the space occupied by seven lines of this size type. Contracts can be made for- three, six or twelve months, and a reduction obtained from the regular transient rates,