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?craps an* ,facts. The name of the Sandwich Island King is pronounced Calico. The New York papers see prospects for a better business year than that of the departed 1874. The statistics show that last year a smaller number of immigrants arrived at New York than in any year since 1862. The United States House of Representatives has appropriated 815,000 for repairing Fort Moultrie. A youthful murderer?a negro boy aged 13?was found guilty of manslaughter in the Superior Court at Raleigh, on Friday last. The Charlotte Observer learns that Harvey Groner, who lived near South Point, Gaston county, committed suicide a few days ago, by hanging. Arrangements are being made for the commencement of a Masonic temple in Ral eigh, which is to be erected on a raagnihcent scale. The sale of pews at Plymouth Church, Brooklyn, (Bcecher's church) recently, realized $70,000 against $50,000 last year. The highest p^ce paid for a pew was $550. The merchants who begin the year by increasing their advertisements will be the happiest next Christmas. If you would reap liberally, you must sow liberally. Since the first of September last the cotton factories at Columbus, Ga., consumed 4,160 bales of cotton, against 1,345 bales for J same months in 1873. A monster cheese, weighing fourteen tons, and measuring thirteen feet in diame- j ter and eleven in height, is to be made in , Ohio and exhibited at the Philadelphia cen- j tennial. Col. Burton X. Harrison, who wa9 private secretary to President Davis during the greater partof his administration, has beeu appointed secretary of the mayor of New York city by Mayor Wickham. "I can't say as he went to Heaven," remarked a Fort Scott citizen of a deceased townsman, "but he paid a bill of eleven years' standing only the day before he died, and you can judge for yourself." The report going the rounds of the press that Jefferson Davis is ill has no foundation in fact. He is in as good health now as at any time for several years, and appears on the streets cf Memphis almost daily. The Mississippi papers represent the ne-, gro race to be in a worse condition than ever before. Thousands are without supplies of any kind, without necessary clothing, without money and without credit, and those coining from Georgia and Alabama are also in a condition of great destitution. The warden of the Oregon penitentiary has discharged the prison doctor and detailed one of the convicts, who is an educated physician, to perform the duties. The warden claims that thereby he saves 81,500 a year to the State, and besides is sure that the physician will always "be within reach when needed." A soldier of a cavalry regiment was brought up for stealing his comrade's liquor ration. He was an Irishman, and his defense was unique: "I'd be sorry in dade, surr, to be called a thief! I put the liquor in the same bottle, and mine was at the bottom ; and sure, I was obliged to drink his to get out me own !" In a drinking saloon in Cincinnati recently, a German made a wager of 810 that he could drink ten glasses of beer and three J bottles of wine within a period of ten minutes. ' * - * x _ ? 1 .tie gulped down tne stated amount 01 ueer and then attacked the wine. As he was engaged in forcing down his throat the last glass of the third bottle of wine, he fell senseless to the floor. At last accounts he was not ex- J pected to survive. Over sixty different nations, including Japan, now burn American kerosene, and the extremely small price has given such an impetus to its adoption as an illuminator all over the world, that it must prove highly beueficial to the producing interest in future years. Germany, in 1873, cousraed 52,- { 116,773 gallons, at a cost of 811,469,151; j Belgium, 22,016,550 gallons, costing 85,127,408; England, 82,000,000 worth, and Ireland about 84,341,765 worth. A correspondent has figured out for the Philadelphia Ledger the interesting fact that the total amount of State, county, city and town taxes collected in the United States in 1870 was 8280,591,000, which was almost 87 a head for the entire population. The total amount of taxes collected in 1860 was 894, 186,000 which was about 83 a head for the entire population. It cost, therefore, more than twice as much to take care of a man in his State, county and municipal relations in 1870 as it did ten years before. The net ordinary expenditures of the federal government in 1870 were 8164,421,000 which was 84.30 a head for the entire population. In 1860 they were 860,000,000, which was 81.94 a head. The Washington Republican, Grant's reputed organ, says: "Various rumors are afloat regarding a change of policy on the part of this government in its relations with Spain. The simple truth is that while the administration recognizes the changed condition of affairs in that country, and the fact that a republic no longer exists there to enlists American sympathy, the instructions to Minister Cushing were, from the outset, so pointedly urgent as regards the Virginius case that they require no alteration, even under the present circumstances, when we are called upon to deal with a monarchy. In the future, however, any new development that may arise may become the occasion of more determined action." Sufficient data has been obtained to warrant the statement that the sugar yield in Louisiana the past season was 140,000 hogsheads, worth in round numbers 8100 a hogshead, and 200,000 barrels of molasses, worth 824 a barrel, making a total of 828,800,000. In the Parish of Ascension, upon sixteen acres of ground, worked by two negroes, 72,000 pounds of white sugar and 100 barrels of molasses, bringing 88,400, were produced. A Scotch planter, Mr. Burnsides, working intfie same parish lands formerly belonging to Ceil. Wade Hampton and Senator Preston, made 5,000 hogsheads of sugar and 8,000 barrels of molasses, yielding in all 8692,000, on an investment of 8140,000. He worked about 500 hands. The Petersburg (Va.) Index says: "A very curious sale will probably be consummated from the steps of the Court House this morning. The Mayor has ordered that Charles Rogers, a white man, who has no visible means of support, shall be sold or hired to the highest bidder for a period of sixty days, and Rogers will be brought from jail to-day and put upon the stand. The money paid for his services will be devoted to his own benefit, provided he works his time out; but if he runs away he will get nothing. We understand a private bid of 82 50 per month 1 1 1 **? ~ o nnti. lias Dcen maae ior unu, uul a w.urw.. tion in public will probably run him up to a higher figure. We do not know whether to congratulate or condole with the man who will get him." The compulsory education Act went into effect in New York with the new year. It compels the attedance at some school of all children between the ages of eight and fourteen years, and it is the intention of the board of education to enforce it thoroughly. Each city ward will be divided into as many districts as there are school-houses, and to each -district one truant agent will be appointed, -whose first duty it will be to ascertain accurately the number and residence of all the children in his district. The facts as thus ascertained will be the basis upon which the law will be invoked whenever parents cannot be otherwise induced to send their children to school. It is expected that the new law will compel a large addition to the existing school school accommodations and to the farm school to which vagrant children are to : be sent. The Act provides that not only the ! parents who allow their children to stay away i from school, but also all persons who employ them in any way, are liable to a fine. Speaking of the working of the fence law, which has been in operation for several months in portions of Mecklenburg county, | the Charlotte Observer says: "About half the I townships in Mecklenburg county are now ! under township fences, and we understand ; from farmers that the system is daily growing i in popularity ; that those who opposed the I proposition when it was first submitted to a I vote, are now its warm friends. The colored ! people, too, who live in the townships where the law exists, would not now do away with j it if they could. We heard an intelligent j farmer say yesterday, that in his opinion, it : would only be a short time before the whole ! county was fenced in." I YORKV1LL.E, S. C.: THURSDAY MORNING, JAN. 14, 1875. How to Order the Enquirer.?Write the namo of the subscriber very plainly, give post-oflice, county and State in full, and send the amount of the subscription by draft or post-office money order, or enclose the money in a registered letter. Postage.?The postage on the Enquirer, to any part of the United States, is five cents per charter,or twenty cents peryear, and is payable in advance at the post office where the paper is received. Watch the Figures.?The tfaleon the"addresslabel" shows the time to which the subscription is paid. If subscribers do not wish their papers discontinued, the date must be kept in advance. Cash.?It must be distinctly understood that our terms for subscription, advertising and jobwork, are cash in advance CnTTTIf (MWOTTVl YEWS. OVf XA1 VAUVAIAilA A?JhJ |? ? Judge Green, recently candidate for Governor, is quite ill at his residence in Sumter. ? The estate of Mr. John H. Cathcart, deceased, was sold at Winnsboro, on the 4th instant, for $50,000. ? The American Bible Society have furnished a set of handsome Bibles to the passenger coaches on the Charlotte, Columbia and Augusta Railroad. ? At Columbia, on sales-day, a seven-thirtieth interest in the Saluda Factory was sold at auction for $25,000. A one-tenth interest was sold at the same time for $9,000. ? Mr. William Rose, who was badly hurt in Columbia on Christmas night, by being cut with a knife by a negro, is slowly improving. ? A recruiting office for the United States army has been opened in Columbia for the enlistment of whites and blacks, as soldiers. White men are consigned to white regiments and colored men to colored regiments. The terra of service is five years. ? The Ledger says that the office of Judge of Probate, and that of one of the County Commissioners of Lancaster, will be declared vacant by the Governor, on account of the parties recently elected failing to give bond as required by law. ? John Chesnut, colored, of Kershaw, form erly a member of the legislature, died very suddenly at his home iu that county on Christmas night. The verdict of the jury was that he came to his death by the excessive use of ardent spirits. ? Mr. Charles Albrecht, a citizen of Columbia, committed*suicide in that city on Monday night of last week. The weapon used was a large Colt's revolver, with which the deceased shot himself in the right temple. Busiuess troubles are said to have been the cause of the deed. ? At a meeting of the stockholders of the Central National Bank of Columbia, held recently, John S. Preston, John B. Palmer, W. B. Stanley, W. C. Swaffield, R. L. Bryan, S. L. Leaphart, James E. Black, R. D. Senn, J. C. Seeders. J. H. Rion, S. McGowan and "* ?- o # T. B. Jeter, were elected directors. At the meeting of the new board of directors Gen. John S. Preston was elected president, vice Mr. J. B. Palmer, who declined a reelection. ? The Abbeville Medium says : "Mrs. Ann I. Wallace, Garrard county, Kentucky, has just made a most noble and generous donation to Erskine college, at Due West. Time and again has she given her wealth to the different enterprises of her church, the Associate Reformed Presbyterian, and this college, and now she gives everything she has. Her donation to Erskine will amount to fifteen or twenty thousand dollars. The donation is restricted by only one provision : She is to be paid a sum sufficient for her comfortable support during her life. At her death the whole of her property goes to the college. Mrs. Wallace is now eighty years of age." LOUISIANA AFFAIRS. On Monday of last week, there was witnessed in New Orleans the extraordinary scene of ejecting from their seats, by military i D1.1. T ...u? lorce, memoers 01 me oww .uegiainnjie nuu had been declared duly elected, but who were distasteful to Kellogg and his satellites. The most succint account of the affair that we have seen, is contained in the following correspondence of the New York Herald: Mr. Wiltz was elected by acclamation, by the Conservatives, temporary chairman, who ordered Vigers, the clerk of the old House, to call the roll. Morrell and Lowell protested, and some noisy filibustering followed. Finally, Vigers abandoned his desk, and Trezevant, of Caddo, was appointed by the chair. A motion was then made to admit the members claiming seats from the parishes not acted upon by the returning board. Carried. A motion was then made to go into an election for speaker. After more filibustering the motion was carried, and resulted as follows: Wiltz 53, Hahn, 2, blank 1? the Radicals not voting. The Senate organized formally without holding a session. Its president and the Governor refused to recognize Wiltz as speaker. They claimed that the Hall of Representatives was in the pos! session of a mob, and not a Legislature. The I Radicals went into caucus, with the intention 1 * ? 1- 1 -1- T7"?.! I I of organizing as a ijegisiaiure wmcu jveuugg ! and Antoine would recognize. When your ! correspondent at this time left the Statehouse j it was filled with Radical politicians. Kellogg j and Dibble were in close consultation with I Gen. De Trobriand, and telegraphic correspondence was rapidly going ou between the Governor and Gen. Emory. The Radicals determined not to recoguize the Wiltz House. Outside the door of the Statehouse there was a large delegation of Conservative sergeantsI at-arms to prevent the egress of members. It I was the intention of Wiltz to hold the House i in continuous session all day and night. The I crowd about the building was not so large as 1 in the morning, but exceedingly gooddiu! mored. McEnery's headquarters were crowI ded with leading Conservatives, all of whom appeared jubilant and confident and convinced ! that they acted strictly within the pale of the law. INVASION OF THE STATEHOUSE, At a quarter past three o'clock, p. m., the United States military moved up in front of the Statehouse, completely surrounding it, when Gen. De Trobriand entered and proceeded to the House with a military order, unseating Speaker Wiltz and the five members j claimed to have been irregularly seated. Wiltz immediately corresponded with McEnery, and, upon the recommendation of the latter, was about withdrawing with all the Con: 8ervative members. The military order was : presumed to have been issued by Sheridan in ' response to an application irora Kellogg for ; armed Federal assistance. The excitemeut ' grew intense, but was not violent. m'enery's afterthought. McEnery afterward advised Wiltz to remain in the chair until ejected, and he consequently peremptorily refused to obey Gen. De ! Trobriand, who appeared on the floor, backed | by about thirty men. About four o'clock | lie Trobriand, who had retired momentarily, j then entered with Gen. Campbell, who point! ed out the five members to be ejected, each of i whom, after making a protest, was^ marched J out between two United States soldiers, j Without these the political complexion of the I T-Tr. iiex> cfoiulo HIVv.tmn fn tortv-niiie Conservatives. Wiltz made a manly speech, denying the right of United States troops to eject him, and declared that it could only be done by bodily or armed force. Wiltz was finally ejected by the troops, and all the Conservative members withdrew. Speeches were made to the people from the Conservative headquarters by Wiltz, Marr and Ogden, who advised them to return to their homes and preserve peace. The Conservative members met in caucus at seven o'clock, p. m. THE EJECTMENT SCENE. From three o'clock, p. 111., to forty-five minutes past three, the scene in the House was a comparatively quiet one. At that hour, when Gen. De Trobriand entered in company with an aid, aud, walkiug up to the speaker's desk, informed him that he had two documents he wished to have read to the House, excitement ruu high. Vigers, the clerk, being prevented, the aid proceeded to read them. One was an order on the clerk of the House to have the five recently elected members pointed out to him, and the other officially addressed to himself and signed by Governor Kellogg, was to the following purport: "An illegal assembly of men having taken possession of the hall of the House of Representatives, and the police being unable to remove them, I respectfully request you to remove therefrom all persons not entitled to re main." Gen. De Trobriaud then said: "I must nosv request members herein indicated to retire. My orders from Gen. Emory are to comply with all requests made and instructions given by Gov. Kellogg. Speaker Wiltz then rose and said he desired to state that the House of Representatives of the State of Louisiana had been duly organized, aud wished to know whether Gen. Emory was aware of that fact. Gen. DeTrobriand answered that he didn't know whether Gen. Emory was aware of it or not. The speaker then asked whether it was his intention to remove from the body gentlemen who had been seated in it since its organization. Gen. De Trobriand answered that he was not there to decide the legality of the action of auy member, but only to obey orders, and hoped that his presence alone would prove sufficient to enforce them. To this statement speaker Wiltz replied as follows : "While I am speaker of this House I am obliged to you for your consideration in coming here alone, and while I respect you as a gentleman and a soldier. vet I cannot instruct its members to leave the hall. You must use force to compel them." Gen. De Trobriand, responding that he would make a show of force, immediately retired and shortly returned with a file of fifteen United States soldiers, who were halted in the rear of the hall. He then advanced and ordered Vigers to call the roll. Vigers endeavored to take possession of the clerk's desk, but was prevented, the speaker warning him not to do it. NOISY MEMBERS encouraged him with shouts, but the speaker was firm, and Vigers proceeded to call the roll in frout of the desk. Against this the speaker protested, aud required Gen. De Trobriand to state to the House explicitly that he had sufficient force to secure the calling of the roll. At the conclusion of this ceremony Vigers was requested by the General to point out the members to be ejected. Not being able to comply, Gen. Campbell was summoned and proceeded to designate them. As he did so each individual in turn was taken in custo dy by two soldiers, and alter making a tormai protest was marched out of the Legislative hall. When Thomas Vaughn, of Caddo, A SILVER-HEADED OLD MAN, was accosted by Gen. De Trobriand and his guards, he rose very slowly to his feet and said in most solemn and impressive terms: "A general of the United States army has placed his hand upon my shoulder and commanded me to leave the floor of this House. As a member of this body, duly elected by the people of Caddo Parish, aud as an American citizen, believing that the rights of Americau freemen are not yet all dead, I desire to enter my solemn protest against this outrage." He was then marched out by his captors amid the profound silence of the late so noisy Assembly. Almost entirely similar scenes were enacted in the case of Jefferys, Luckett and Stafford, of Rapides ; Dunn, of Grant, and Kelley, of Winn, who severally entered their protests and were marched out amid the indignant hisses of all assembled. After their ejectment Gen. Campbell approached Gen. De Trobriand and asked him to request Speaker Wiltz to allow Vigers to take his seat. Upon the request being made, the speaker refused to recognize Vigers in any capacity, and stated that Campbell, not beiug a member of the House, had no right to speak upon its floor. Campbell expostulated and explained, whereupon De Trobriaud interceded, aud informed Mr. Wiltz that he must obey orders. WILTZ STILL DECLINING TO SURRENDER, he ordered up the troops from the rear and the work was accomplished. Vigers dashed into his seat, and Speaker Wiltz, gazing upon the scene in silent indignation, stepped slowly dow/i from his desk in a most impressive manner, and with a voice broken with emotion delivered the following remarks: WII.TZ's LAST PROTEST. "Iii the name of the people of the United States, and in the name of tny bleeding State, and in the name of the God of Justice, I again enter my solemn protest against this invasion of our hall by the soldiers of the United States with drawn bayonets and loaded muskets. We have seen our brother members violently seized by force of arms and torn from us in j spite of our solemn protest. We have seen a I force of soldiers march up the aisles of the i Hall of Representatives of Louisiana. I make | protest against this in the name of a once free I people, in the name of a once free State, in the 1 name of the Union. I enter my solemn proI test. This chair of the only speaker of the ; House of Louisiana is surrounded by United j States troops. The officers of the House are ! prisoners in their hands. I solemnly declare ! that Louisiana has ceased to be a so vereign i Stale: that it has no longer a Republican j government, and I call upon the representa1 tives of the State to retire with me before this ! show of arms." 1 The Democratic representatives, headed by Speaker Wiltz, then marched out of the hall j and Statehouse, both of which were closed as i soon as the last Democratic representative went out. They went to 71 St. Louis street, followed by a large crowd, who cheered them on their way. Speaker Wiltz was loudly 1 called on, when he came out and addressed the crowd in the following words; "We have attempted and succeeded in organising \ the House of Representatives. I was elected 1 speaker, and after a permanent organization, notwithstanding the interference of the police, we have had proceedings until a few minutes ago, when the United States soldiers forcibly i expelled about eight or ten of our duly seated j members. We then retired and left, and come to our people to tell them what has been i done." Other speakers, Messrs. Marr, Ellis, 1 &c\,followed, counseling onler, and asked the 1 crowd to retire. During the progress of the concluding events, Mr. Lowell, one of the Radical ean; didates for speaker, pronounced his protest i against the employment of United States I troops, and said he had been elected by civil | authority and did not wish to be seated by I military authority. Immediately after the demonstration of the military, Governor MeEnery addressed the following protest to President Grant: I New Orleans, January 5.?To his Ex| cellency U. S. Grant, President of the United States: In the name of liberty and all lovers of liberty throughout the United States, I do I most solemnly protest against the acts of the i military forces of the United States on yesterday, in the occupation of the Statehouse ; in the forcible ejection bv troops of members of the Legislature, and the elected Speaker of the House, and the subsequent organization of the House by direct and forcible intervention of the military. I affirm, before the whole American people, that the action on the part of the military in this city yesterday is subversive of the republican institutions of this free country. John McEnery. On the same day Geu. Sheridan addressed the following dispatch to the Secretary of War: I think the terrroism now existing in Louisiana, Mississippi and Arkansas could be entirely removed and confidence and fair dealing established by the arrest and trial of the ring-leaders of the armed White Leaguers. If Congress would pass a bill declaring them bauditti they could be tried by military commission. This banditti, who murdered men here on the 14th of hist September, also more recently at Vicksburg, Mississippi, should, in justice to law and order and peace and prosperity of this southern part of the country, be punished. It is possible that if the President would issue a proclamation declaring them banditti that no further action need be taken, except that which would devolve upon me. P. H. Sheridan, Lieut. General United States Army. The action of the military in dispersing the Legislature of a sovereign State, coupled with the above proposition by a Lieu tenant-General of the United States Army has raised a storm of indignation throughout the Union, and the conduct is denounced alike in all sections and by all parties, notwithstanding i n . . t * .1 _ ? ? A. - C 01 ! J l A . _ r tiie iaci inai me acus 01 onenuau nave ine uificial sanction of the President and the Secretary of War. It is understood that at a meeting of the Cabinet on the day following the scenes enacted in New Orleans, it was agreed that all vestige of opposition to the Kellogg government must be utterly and forever crushed out. This is simply construed to mean that as a last resort to retain political supremacy, the Republican party will re'inaugurate and pursue the same policy toward the Southern States that characterized the presidential campaign of 1868. In support of this view the Washington correspondent of the Baltimore Sun says: The key-uote is still to be the cry of kuklux, of White Leagues, and of murders and outrages. Notwithstanding that the people in the lastelectious spewed these stories out of their mouths, the attempt will be made to revive them with ten fold vigor. Mr. Morton talked of nothing but blood to-day. Mr. Conkling cried blood and murder, and Mr. Edmunds shrieked ku-klux, assassiu and White Leagues. Mr. Logan conjured up a new rebellion more powerful than that of 1861. If all the murders had been committed in Louisiana, as Senator Morton declares, there would scarcely be a vestige of the republican party left in the State, and yet he claims with the same breath that it is in a majority of thirty thousand. Incredible as it may seem, there can be no doubt that it is now the deliberate purpose of the radical Senators to engage all their powers, physical and mental, in the effort to revive all the old animosities of the past, to incite anew the fast dying out bitterness of the North toward the South, in the forlorn hope of fastening their yoke on the necks of the people for auother presidential term. To accomplish this these are the men who will stop at nothing. Drunk with sixteen years of unrestrained and undi * ? i i 1 _ i 11 vuiecl power, they are maaaenea at tne prospect before them. A prostrate and bound Louisiana can excite no sympathy in 'their breasts. Sooner than give up the control of the government they would applaud the President should he lay his hand on the throat of every other State of the South as he has on the throat of Louisiana. In the debate which is now to take place the radical Senators will be found repeating with more vehemence than ever the wildest and most diabolical slanders on the Southern people. If they can once fix in the minds of the people of the North that the South, as a section, does not accept the recent constitutional amendments, and that the success of the democratic party means the overthrow of those amendments, then they will be content. It was almost universally thought after the elections that the third term business was dead. From what has transpired in the last week or two the country may be assured that it is not dead, and that the President dreams of it as fondly as ever. Just before the recess the President was in conversation with a member of Congress. The third terra subject was alluded to by the member. The President significantly remarked, "No one knows what the White Leaguers will do in the next two years." From the circumstances, and from the manner of the President, the only inference to be drawn was that the country would be in great danger from the White Leaguers, and that he was the only one that could save it. This iroblin crv of White Leaguers was echoed on the floor of the Senate to-day, on th? radical side. The White Leaguers, they say, are organized throughout the entire South, they are armed to the teeth and number hundreds of thousands; they intend to renew the war for the destruction of the Union, and the man who broke the back of the slaveholders' rebellion is the only man who can stem the new rebellion. This is the new third terra program me. 4 4 Extension of time for payment of Taxes. ; The Columbia Union-Herald gives no| tice that the time in which taxes may be paid, without incurring the 20 per cent, penalty, will be extended to the 30th of January, instant. In regard to the matter, the Unioni Herald says : "We are requested by the governor to state i that the only power now possessed by any ex: ecutive officer of the State to postpone the : time when the penalty for non-payment of I taxes will attach, is the power conferred on 1 the comptrollor-general by section 139, page | 778, act* of 1873-74, as follows : "That whenever the general assembly shall fail to make ; the annual levy of taxes, or the collection of | the same be in any way delayed, it shall be : the duty of the comptroller-general to notiry I each county treasurer that the penalty for I non-payment shall not attach until after the expiration of sixty days from the date of his public announcement of his readiness to colj led the said taxes." "Inasmuch as the collection did not begin i in any county till the 30th of November, the time will be extended till the 30th of January. In some other counties, where special i causes of delay in commencing the collection have existed, the time will be correspondingly extended. 1 The people are'by law entitled to sixty days' time from the coipmenccmenf of the collection before they are subjected to the penalty for non-payment. The comptroller-general will issue the proper orders in ample time to reach all the county treasurers. The question of any further extensions than those above named rests exclusively with the general as' sembly, and not with any executive officer." ! LOCAL AFFAIRS. \ NEW ADVERTISEMENTS. T. W. Clawson, Deputy Messenger?In Bankruptcy?First Meeting?In the Matter of Jo!.n Mayes, Bankrupt. | Joseph A. McLean, Judge of Probate?Citation? J. F. Wallace, Applicant?Mrs. Caroline Lowry, deceased. ' JefFerys & Metts, Agents?Navassa Guano, j John Bratton and Belle M. McCaw, Executors? Valuable Town Property for Sale. Trial Justice's Blanks?Agricultural Lions, Ac. Yorkville Female Institute. Kennedy, Latimer A Hemphill?The Grent Cotton Grower?Groceries. T. M. Dobson A Co.?Listen at Dobson's PricesPrints?Stoves?Guano?Dry Goods?Bellows?Miles' Shoes?Bargains. M. Strauss A Son?Quite Important. Clark Brothers?New Firm?Flour?No Dead j Heads?Bacon and Lard?Cream Cheese? Coffee?Sugar?Canned Goods?ShovelsAxes?Nails, i W. II. A J. P. Iierndon?Guano. ] A. J. Matthews?Note Lost. F. Ifapperlield?York Marble Yard, H. F. Adickos?Table Cutlery?Plaid Linseys? Dress Goods?Blankets. TI1E WEATHER. I The present winter has been remarkable i for mildness, and the first really cold weather j we have had, visited us on Saturday night, [since which time the temperature has been exceedingly cold,.accompanied with ice, rain and sleet. TOWN ELECTION. The municipal election, last Monday, was very quiet, there being no local question before the citizens, aud but one ticket presented, consisting of the old Board, viz: W. H. Mc.- ( Corkle, lutcndant; J. R. Schorb, Joseph Herndon, Robert Wright and Edward Wheel* j er, Wardens. DR. CLOPTON. | Dr. Clopton will remain in town a few days, i during which time those desiring the benefit 1 of his professional services, can consult him. We have no hesitancy in assuring the public 1 that Dr. Clopton is a skillful practitioner , and a gentleman of undoubted integrity, j and that those who may submit to his treat- I raent of the diseases which he makes a spe- ' cialty, will derive great benefit. ' CHESTER MUNICIPAL ELECTION. ( Since the date of our Chester letter, we i learn that the municipal election was carried s by the Republicans by a large majority. ' mi . tn 1 ?._j t... i\.r?: n Hie omuenf eieeieu uie?juueiment, vj. i W. Melton ; Wardens?J. J. McLure, C. C. | Macoy, John Lee aud Harrison Bailey. J. J. McLure, though run by the Republicans, is a Conservative, and the two last-named Wardens are colored. COMMUTATION *OF SENTENCE. On the petition of Nelson Clawson, convicted of murder at the last term of the Circuit Court for York county and sentenced to be hanged on the 15th instant, (to morrow) Governor Chamberlain has commuted the sentence to imprisonment at hard labor for life in the State penitentiary. The petition of the prisoner was signed by a number of the members of the Yorkville bar, including I. D. Witherspoon, solicitor pro tern., the county officers and several prominent citizens, aud had the endorsement of his Honor T. J. Mackey, presiding Judge. This is the first reversal of the sentence of a court Governor Chamber- | lain has made, and in granting the prayer of | the petitioner, his Excellency says : ] "The defendant in this case, Nelson Claw- I son, has been tried and convicted in due I course of lav/ of murder, aud has been sen- I tenced in accordance with law to be hanged on the 15th day of Jaouary, 1875. A peti- ' tion has been presented to me for a commuta- I tion of the seuteuce pronounced to that of ira- 1 prisonmentfor life. "I have read the testimony elicited upon ( the trial, as transmitted to me by the presi- ' ding judge, aud 1 am unable to discover any error in the verdict rendered by the jury, and certainly none in the sentence pronounced 1 by the court. I must, therefore, conclude 1 that ray action, if favorable to the defendant, 1 must rest upon the strength of the petition I on/t runsmiQ fliprpin united. These rea- ' sons are vague, aud not altogether consonant ' with each other, aud I should have great difficulty in selecting any specific reasons from , among those presented as the reason upon which I could rest my action. "I do find, however, that his honor, the pre- 1 siding judge, the solicitor pro tempore, the ' sheriff, and other officers of the court, raauy, 1 if not all, of the members of the bar at York- I ville, as well as other prominent citizens of i York county, have joined in the petition for , commutation. I cannotsuppose that all these gentlemen have lost sight of the demands of the law, or the interests of the community of 1 which they are members. I feel obliged to 1 believe that those who have thus endorsed i the defendant's petition are moved thereto by i motives and reasons which still give due weight to the proper enforcement of the criminal law of our State. I do, therefore, grant the prayer of the petitioner, and commute the sentence of death pronounced upon Nelson Clawson to imprisonment at hard labor for life in the State penitentiary." THE CIRCUIT COURT. The January term of the Circuit Court for York county, convened on Tuesday morning, his Honor T. J. Mackey, presiding. Upon opening the Court, his Honor charged the graud jury specifically as to their power ' and duty in finding bills?instructing them 1 not to try any case laid before them, but that ( they must simply decide whether there is , i?1 1 * Qfofo in nil f _ prOUilLMtJ cause lu nauaui, tuo .m ~ ting the accused upon trial. If the grand 1 jury, in order to find a bill, considers the ques- 1 tion of the prisoner's absolute guilt, every man put upon trial would stand under the I shadow of a judgment previously rendered ] against him by the grand jury. ! The jury were charged to investigate the : administration of all the public officefs of the county, and to hold them to a rigid accountability, as such officers are trustees for the 1 people. i His Honor specially charged the jury to see that the couuty jail is in proper condition j as a place of custody for persons accused, and toascertaiu whether proper beds and bedding have been supplied to prisoners. The Coun- 1 ty Commissioners are charged by law with the I duty of supplying prisoners in the jail with i beds, and in addition, with two blankets du- j ring the winter season. And these articles , the prisoners must have before the setting of , the sun this evening, even though the County Commissioners surrender their own beds to the prisoners in jail, if necessary, as it is much more proper and humane that County Com- i missioners, who are at large in this cold weather, should go without beds, than that the pris- ( oners locked up in jail, should suffer for want < of proper bedding. i The grand jury were also required to ex- < amine the poor house and ascertain whether i the poor are properly fed, sheltered and < clothed and provided with good medical at- j tendance. i His Honor next desired to invite the atten-1 i ^ ~ J 1 mnnrtanoo nf I I iioo or me grauu jury lu uk ? , their memorializing the Legislature to repeal i the fence law now in force, and thus lift from I the people a great burden, which is prevent- i ing their advance in general prosperity, and : which amounts to a tax of at least three per . ; cent, per annum, upon the capital invested iu ' the agricultural enterprises in this section. ! 'The pepple of York county, as shown by reliable statistics," pay $19 for the necessary fen-! cing to keep out of their fields cattle of the 1 . value of 81- j ! If an acre of laud is in the form of a ( perfect square, it can be fenced more economically than if in any other shape. Let us see what it would cost to fence such an acre toj day in York county. It will require 920 { mils, allowing 23 pannels to the side of the 1 lot, each pannel being three yards in length and consuming ten rails. If the land-holder ] owns the timber and hires a laborer to split the rails, he must pay 50 cents per day and find the laborer in food. An ordinary labor3r will split 100 rails per day ; would require? > say nine days?to split the required number I of rails. But the laborer must he fed, and I hired laborers are celebrated for their enormous appetites. So that the cost of food will be at least 30 cents per day, making $2.70 in addition, or a total cost of $7.20 for the : rails. If the owner builds the fence himself, it will require two days to build it, at 50 cents ! per day, for labor, making an aggregate of 58.20 for fencing a single acre. If, however, the owner has no timber lands, ; and therefore purchases the rails, he pays ! 52.00 per hundred, or $18.00 for the total number required for fencing an acre, exclusive of the cost of hauling, which acre of arable laud can be purchased in this county for 53.00. 'Plwi t li/inn ?f ainolini-otiiKf lh(> Pfliwli- I 1 iic ^ICAb IH/|/V Hi Uiiiviiytuiiiw^ v*?v VWMM. . Lion of the poorer classes can best be realized | by increasing the facilities of their becoming J owners of land. Yet, our laws declare to the j poor man, as well as to the rich, you may buy j ten acres of land with your $30, yet you cannot cultivate it to produce bread for your family until you expend from $50 to $100 to fence out your neighbor's cow, worth about B15; and your rights of property in the soil are subordinated to your, neighbor's right to permit his cattle to roam over the entire country. You are not required to lock up your jmoke-house to keep your neighbor out of it, but you must lock up your fkrm to keep bis cow out of that. This system, it will be seen, is peculiarly oppressive to the small capitalists, whose money is consumed in building a fence, when it might be applied to building a more comfortable cabin and the purchase of agricultural implements. When the fence is built, he cannot ensure it from destruction by fire, and the very next camper-out will probably burn a number of the rails and open the farm to invasion by roving stock; and campers-out usnally select the fences of the poorest farmer in the neighborhood. Moreover, if a fence is broken through by stock aud the crop destroyed, it would be almost impossible for the owner to recover a judgment in his favor in the courts, as there are so few lawful fences in this county. For practical purposes a lawful fence may be defined as "a fence horse-high, bullstrong and pig-tight," aud who has such a fence in York ? In addition, Gentlemen of the Grand Jury, by reason of the fencing, the public roads have been reduced to tne condition 01 mere guuera ar ditches, instead of being safe avenues of travel, as the fences shield them from the wind ind the sun, and prevent them from being thoroughly dried until a long period after a rain; aud as the earth blown from the fields collects along the line of the fence, the water falls from the slopes, thus created, into the road below, and there it remains until removed by a dispensation of Providence, or by the action of some exceptional board of County Commissioners. The objection to a repeal of the fence law s that a poor man, owning a few head of cattle, and being obliged to fence them in, will nave to part with them at any price that he jau get?having no pasture lauds on which to keep them. This objection is a potent one, and must be met practically in order to se;ure a repeal of the fence law. The only way to meet it is for the land-owners to guarantee that they will furnish enclosed pastures at a low charge?say twenty-five cents per month? for each head of stock, and that they will supply a sufficient quantity of pasture lands, gratis, for the stock of their laborers. These pastures can be easily enclosed with a small portion of the rails taken from the farms. It is certain that if we, from the rapid consumption of timber in this country, for the purposes of cooking, fencing, aud the building of houses and railways, do not dispense with fences, our children aud our grand children must, as the timber will certainly be entirely exhausted. For the reasons mentioned, I therefore advise the grand jury that they should at least recommend, through the Senator and the Representatives from this county, that the General Assembly pass a bill to submit to the peonlft of York countv. at an earlv day, whether the present law shall be repealed, aud stock shall be fenced in instead of being fenced out. At the conclusion of his Honor's charge, a number of witnesses were sent before the ?rand jury, and the State docket was taken up. The cases in which Deputy U. S. Marshal Hubbard is defendant, were continued un account of absence of the defendant, it having been shown to the satisfaction of the Dourt that he was prevented from attending this term in consequence of official duties which he had been charged to execute. A number of cases of assault and battery were disposed of. Joe Leech, Dallas Rawlinson and Manuel Hill, charged with the larceny of a bale of cotton, were arraigned. A not. pros. was entered as to Hill. The other defendants were convicted aud sentenced to the penitentiary?Rawlinson for twelve months, and Leech for five months. EDITORIAL INKLINGS. The General Assembly. The General Assembly reconvened on Tuesday fast, alter a snort recess ror tne Christmas holidays. We learn by telegraph that after the two houses assembled, the Governor addressed a lengthy message to the body, which is pronounced an able document, conservative in toue, and abounding in wise and wholesome suggestions aud recommendations. Congressional Proceedings. Since the reassembling of Congress on the 5th instant, almost the entire time of both houses has been occupied debating questions that have grown out of the recent occurrences in Louisiana. The usurpation of Sheridan has been strongly condemned on the floor of Congress by Cox, Thurman, Gordon, Bayard and others, while Republican members sustain and endorse his action. Sherman on Louisiana. The interest in the Louisiana question continues to increase, and the views of distinguished statesmen and soldiers are being rapidly elicited. Among those who have been interviewed, is Gen. W. T. Sherman, commander in chief of the army, with whom a reporter for the St. Louis Republican had a couversation on the 6th instant, in that city. From the publication of the interview we gather the following points: Gen. Sherman expressed his views on the condition of affairs in Louisiana without reserve, declaring that Congress would soou be compelled to take some actiou which would compose the difficulties as far as practicable at present. He regarded Gen. Emory, who j commands the department of the gulf, as a 1 good man, an excelleut officer of the old j school, but perhaps a little timid in iuterfer- j ing in the affairs of the State. Gen. Sheri Jan, he said, is a kind-hearted, nonie-rainciea i man, accessible to any who may have a suit! to urge. But he is a soldier also, and does | not hesitate to do his duty. If he thought it j necessary, and believed it a matter of duty, j the city of New Orleaus would be no more regarded than an Indian village. He would j not hesitate to level it. The military could only obey orders. He thought the President, having once recognised the Kellogg government, had made up his mind ?o sustain it uri-1 til declared by Congress or the Supreme Court of the United States to be illegal, j There is a great problem lying back of all these troubles. The making of laws taxing the people, by a party that pays little or no taxds, is a subject which needs to be handled with great delicacy. Gen. Sherman was cjuite fervent in his expression of a hope that a solution of the whole trouble would be arrived at without bloodshed. He is opposed to wur. In times of war the law is silent. He desires peace above all thiugs. In answer to a question whether he thought the people of Louisiana still cherished sentiments of hostility to the government of the United States, anil opposition to the enforcement of the laws of Congress, he said he supposed their feeliugs were not kind toward the federal government; but he knew the people of Louisiana well; had lived among them for many years. He didn't believe they would fight the government, or offer the least resistance to the enforcement of the laws by the civil officers of the government. The people of Louisiana believed that they had a right to govern themselves, and they doubtless believe that the present State government is not oneof their own establishment, and they would fight it at every opportunity. The people would not resist the government of the United States. They never had done so. There has been no firing upon United States soldiers; no resistance to United States officers, neither civil nor military, and there would be none, as he believed. But he thought they would fight Kellogg's militia, his police and constables, and all the forces he could raise, if permitted to do so by the military forces of the government. He declined to express his individual opinion as to the character of Kellogg's government. He knew the people themselves to be oppressed, and were greatly dissatisfied with his government. But he declined to say that he be? -. lieved it to be tbe wi9est poucj 10 aucuxm ?,ua?, government, or indeed to express any opinion as to the policy which has been pursued by the government toward Louisiana. Correspondence of tbe Yorkville Enquirer. LETTER FROM CHESTER. Chester, Jauuary 11, 1875. The January term of the Court of Common Pleas and General Sessions for this county began on Monday last. The juries were organized by the appointment of G. A. Drennan as foreman of the grand jury, George Keenan foreman of petit jury No. 1, and Alexander Pendigrass, colored, foreman of petit, No. 2. Judge T.J. Mackey delivered a very good and sensible chargeto thegrand jury. He poured out a full measure of condemnation upon the public school system, as practiced in this county, during the past year. In referring to the ignorance and incompetency of the retir iag school trustees, he said he had been informed that they were in the habit of going through their school districts, taking the number of the children attending the public schools, on tally sticks. As an illustration of the improper use of the public funds by the school trustees, Judge Mackey stated that of the 88000 appropriated for public school purposes for Chester county, 85000 was spent in the single township of Chester. The Judge also paid his respects, in uncomplimentary terms, to the late trial justices of the county. Their disposition to fill their pockets at the expense of the public was enlarged upon; but his Honor inspired the drooping spirits of his hearers with hope, by the declaration that the days of plundering were past and gone, and that in the future the public affairs of the county and State would be admiuistered with honesty and economy. Your correspondent proposes to keep the readers of the Enquirer well informed, at least in regard to the affairs of this county, so that at the close of the present year they will be able to form their own opinions respecting the dependence to be placed in Radical promises. If any rascalities are perpetrated by public officials, they will, without fear or favor, be exposed to the full light of day. In his charge, Judge Mackey referred to the removal of Solicitor Brawley to Charlestou, and instructed the grand jury to ' investigate the matter and find out if the circuit is at the present time without a Solicitor. If such be the case, so to report, and, furthermore, to ask the Legislature to make immediate provision for the election of another Solicitor for the sixth judicial circuit. I have beeu informed that Mr. S. J. Couch, a practitioner at this bar, and one of our members of the Legislature, is an aspirant for the position. Judge Mackey, in closing his charge to the grand jury, alluded to the determination of the new administration to effect a thorough and complete reform in the management of public affairs. Let us all hope that this soulcheering promise will meet with an abundant realization. The hour for the sale of property by the Sheriff having arrived, the Judge adjourned the Court until three o'clock in the afternoon. The Court reassembled at the appointed hour, when the case of the State vs. Edward Vaudiver, colored, for stealing a cow, was called, and the trial proceeded with. The jury found the defendant guilty. The Court iuet at the usual hour, Tuesday morning, and proceeded to the trial of the case of the State vs. Mary Dale, charged with an assault and battery upon Mary Fair, both colored. Though the case was an insignificant one, yet the entire morning was spent in the trial and decision of the same. Mr. S. J. Couch succeeded in securing a verdict of acquittal for the defendant. The Judge charged the grand jury in the afternoon upon the necessity of repealing the fence law. He showed the expense and folly of fencing in a whole plantation to avoid the depredations of stray cattle. According to the Judge's calculation, eighteen dollars is required to fence in an acre of land, when the rails have to be bought?counting 230 rails for aside, at 82 per hundred. The jury were instructed to recommend, in their report, the enactment by the Legislature of a stock law. After the delivery of his second charge to the grand jury by the presiding Judge, an unimportant assault and battery naaa mjoo trior! of wKir?K? T will nnt further mention. The time of the Court was consumed Wednesday morning in the trial of the case of the State vs John McNeal and Betty Dennis, both colored, charged with an assault and battery upon Samuel McKeown, white. The State was represented by Mr. J. J. Hemphill, acting Solicitor, and the defendants by General W. A. Walker. The State established the fact of the taking by John McNeal of a gun, by violence, from the hands ofSamuel McKeown ; but the counsel for defendant established, or endeavored to establish, that this was done by reason of self-de? fense. The jury, as it was composed of both elements, after deliberating for some time upon the case, failed to agree upon a verdict. Wednesday afternoon the Court was engaged in the trial of the case of the State vs. Cynthia Walter, colored, charged with larceny. The offense consisted in stealing under-garments of a nameless character from Mary Ann Davie, colored. The defendant was a woman, with a young child about two months old. The jury rendered a verdict of guilty, and the Court sentenced the unfortunate woman to an imprisonment of two weeks in the county jail. On Thursday morning the time of the Court was spent in the trial of the case of the State vs. James Robinson, charged with an assault and battery with intent to kill, upon R ph Abel, colored. The jury found a verdict in favor of the defendant. In the afternoon, another assault and battery case was tried, the parties involved being of the colored per