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?>wapsi and Jacts. A call has been isssued for a National Colored Convention, to be held in Washington, I). C., on the 8th of December. A woman and child in Anglo, New York, have lived in a hogshead for two months, being too poor to pay rent. The Nashville Banner states that exPresident Johnson's loss by the failure of the First National Bank iu Washington leaves him almost penniless. To cure ear ache, put a little black pepper in some cotton, dip it in sweet oil aud insert it iu the ear. This is one of the quickest remedies known. A Memphis woman, who didn't want to mix with common folks, hired a steamboat at an expense of $500 to take her to a picnic and return, and no one but herself and the crew was allowed to go on the boat. Mrs. Ham, of Canterbury, Mass., who was reudered speechless by a shock of lightning in July, 1872, has had her voice restored by the birth of a child. This is a new way to cure a hain. Nebraska's laws impose fines for profane swearing done by "any person of the age of fourteen and upwards." Children under fourteen may blaspheme gratuitously, as before. The New York Tribune, in a spirit of kindly feeling, advises the people of the South to stop the stealing that is going on. If the people of the North will keep their carpetbaggers at home, the stealing in the South will soon stop. The continued heavy rain3 have damaged the cotton crop throughout the entire lower Rio Grande valley, in Texas. Worms have appeared on a number of plantations, doing mnch damage. The lowlands are covered with several inches of water, stopping the work of gathering the crop. Tuesday, October 14, elections will be held in the States of Pennsylvania, Ohio and Iowa. Pennsylvania will choose a State Treasurer and a Supreme Court Judge; Ohio a Governor and other State officers, and Iowa a Governor, other State officers and a Legislature. In Iowa the issue is distinctly made between the farmers' candidate and the regular Republicans. A Polish lady of rank, twenty-seven years of age, and "a perfect Juno in beauty," was recently sentenced to a long term of imprisonment in Berlin, for indulging in certain acts of theft. While the prosecution was in progress she inherited a fortune of 200,000 roubles, and her advocate now moved the court for her release, in consideration of a heavy bail. The court, however, refused to accede to the request. Apart from the direct effects of the New York panic upon the finaucial institutions of other cities, there are some curious consequences of an indirect nature. The matrimonial market is reported duller than usual, and there is less travel on the various railroad and steam boat lines. At the New York postoffice it is stated that the sale of postage stamps has fallen off upward of 82,000 a day since the commencement of the panic, the usual sales being S8,000 a day, while they are now 86,000. Extract from a Virginian's will : "I will to my nephew, James Madison M , everything I may have after ray just debts are paid, with condition that after I am buried he is to have a marble head and foot stone put to my grave, to be seven feet long and four inches thick. I want the following inscription cut on both ends of each slab: "Henry M , born December 16, 1805; died . He was a great turkey hunter, and a tolerably good fiddler. He desired the above to be placed on this slab. Peace be to his ashes." A fatal balloon accident occurred at Wapello, Iowa, on 25th ultimo, to J. W. Bailey, a professional aeronaut. The balloon was inflated with hot air, and left the ground with Bailey hanging by his hands to a horizontal bar beneath. Just as it started it took fire near the mouth, and Bailey did not apparently notice the fire until he was too high to let go with safety, but held on until he reached an altitude of twelve hundred or fifteen hundred feet, when the canvas that held the hoop from which he was suspended burned away and he fell, reaching the earth a quarter of a mile from the point of starting. His body was frightfully mangled, and his legs were driven into the hard ground up to his IrnpM An impromtu wedding recently occurred in Missouri, the details of which show a commendable desire on the part of the bride and bridegroom to get on in the world, if there is not that strict observance of the conventionalities which are usually regarded as so essential to a wedding ceremony. The betrothed couple chanced to be guests at a birthday party. Recorder Theis was also present, and as soon as he saw the young couple come in, with an eye to business, he suggested that if any body was present who wished to be married he was at their service. The young couple at once took the hint. The young mau was willing, but the maiden was backward and would not consent. The recorder then resorted to a little diplomacy, aud offered to give a handsome cook stove to any couple that he should marry that night. The proposition delighted the company, and others began offering presents. One promised a nice bureau, another a spring mattress, another a rocking chair, another a breakfast set, another some bronzes, another a clock, and so on until the presents amounted in value to a handsome sum, the young couple meanwhile blushing and hardly knowing what to say or do. Several friends of the young lady got around her, and told her she would not again have such a favorable opportunity to make start in the world, aud just as the party was breaking up she repented, and the wedding was had forthwith. The company stood still, iu hats and bonnets, while the recorder, in solemn aud impressive manner, pronounced the happy couple man and wife, to the instense delight aud satisfaction of all present. Passengers on a Shreveport steamer, which reached, New Orleans on the 17th, describe the pestilence and destititution in that town as frightful beyond all telegraphed reports. Fully one-half of the 5,000 or 6,000 inhabitants had fled in every direction, many of them only to die on reaching a place of apparent refuge. The sickness was the Mexican voinito, aud had been brought to the town by the Trans-Atlantic Circus, a strolling company from Vera Cruz, which had traveled along the line of the Texas Pacific Railway, and had left the seeds of the contagion along their route. Two other causes, in the opinion of the citizens, aided to intensify the malignant and fatal character of the pestileuce, and these were the unhealthy condition of the town, arising from the removal of Uio T-tod Riupr rnfY and the infected atmos phere, caused by the stench of dead cattle upon a sunken steamboat, the Ruby, which lies in the river near the town. While the circus was in Shreveport several of the members died of the disease, and after it left others of the company who remained also per-! ished. So fatal is the fever that but few who were attacked recover. Three days is generally the longest limit of the sickness, and many die in forty-eight hours' time. The poorer classes were the first to suffer, but it has now spread through all ranks of society, and many prominent people have died. In some cases whole families have been swept away. The first case of vomito occurred on August 30, when a Mrs. Stoner died ; then a gentleman who had nursed her was prostrated and died in his turn. Following these were the cases of three men who came to Shreveport from the raft in the Red River, where they had been working. They were all three taken sick with the vomito and died. These deaths caused a panic, and the deaths followed thereafter with frightful rapidity. Tim negroes had generally escaped the pestilence, but the quadroon element had suffer ed. The town, with its deserted streets, wears i a gloomy appearance, and so many have gone away that there is barely enough left to bury ! the dead. The blacks are frightened and demoralized, and it is difficult to hire them to nurse the patients. As a general rule, the ! digging of the graves is performed by the old i men of the town. me forh'iUc YORKVILI.E, S. C.: THURSDAY MORNING, OCT. 9, 1873. How to Order the Enquirer.?Write the name of the subscriber very plainly, give post-ofliee, county and Stato in full, and send the amount of the subscription by draft or post-office money order, or enclose the money in a registered letter. Postage.?The postage on tue i\n?juikkh, u> any part of the United States, is kivk cents per quarter, or twenty cents per year, and is payable in advance at the post office where the paper is received. Watch the Figures.?The date on the "addresslabel" shows the time to which the subscription is paid. If subscribers do not wish their papers discontinued, the date insist be kept in advance. Cash.?It must bo distinctly understood that our terms for subscription, advertising and jobwork, are cash, in advance JOB PRINTING. Having determined to devote more attention hereafter to job printing than we have done in the past, we would inform the public that our office is now well supplied with new type of the latest styles, and the best machinery in use; and with a choice stock of inks, cards, papers, &c., we are prepared to execute as good work as can be done anywhere in the United States. Orders for Ball Tickets, [Freight Billheads, Bank Notices, | Labels, Bonds and Coupons, | Law Blanks, Bill Heads, 'Law Briefs, Business Cards, ! Letter Circulars, Certificates of Deposit, I Letter Headings, Certificates of Stock, Memorandum Billheads Checks, ' 'Note Circulars, Deposit Tickets, 'NoteHeadings, Drafts and Notes, Programmes, Envelopes, Policies, Fire A* Life Ins., Election Tickets, Shinplasters, Festival Tickets, I Wedding Cards, will receive prompt attention, and satisfaction as to quality of work, guaranteed in every instance. Particular attention given to fine work in colors. CHESTER AND LENOIR RAILROAD. A recent issue of the Charlotte Observer attempts to convince the people of York county that they are not now in a proper condition for an extension of their railroad facilities, and that to build the contemplated Chester and Lenoir road, even partially by taxation, would prove a grievous burden, not only to the county of York, but to others who may be called upon to aid, or are interested in the construction of the road. The self-assumed wisdom and importance of some persons is well nigh past all understanding. We believe it is the King of Dahomey, who, after eating his dinner, causes a horn to be sounded, which is a signal that the great King having dined, all the rest of the world is at liberty to go and do likewise. In the matter of volunteering gratuitous advice where it is neither needed nor wanted, and in officiously advancing opinions upon a subject in which it has not the least concern, the Observer reminds us of the aforementioned king, whose self-importance it successfully emulates, even though it be done at the risk of the same disaster which befel the frog when attempting to assume the proportions of the ox. The Observer admits that this road would be valuable to the citizens of Yorkville and Chester. Would no others be benefitted? Would not the entire counties of York and Chester be benefitted in greater ratio than simply the towns mentioned ? And if Yorkville and Chester are the natural outlets for the productions of the Catawba valley, is it not of equal importance to the Catawba valley that the proposed road be built, thus affording the people of that section increased facilities for reaching a market ? But perhaps the people of the Catawba valley, who, generation after generation, have sold their productions to South Carolina purchasers, have committed a grave blunder in the selection of their customers, and it was altogether wrong to seek a market in this direction. A late issue of the Observer intimated as much, when it mildly suggested that "Charlotte, and not Chester, is the proper market for the productions of the Catawba valley." This, we opine, is the "dead fly in the ointment" at which the Observer is so much distressed, and furnishes the key to its opposition to the proposed manner of building the road, while it fully explains the kind admonitions and disinterested counsel which that paper so lavishly bestows. The Observer would deprive the people of the Catawba valley of the market of their choice, and which naturally presents itself, and drive them to a factitious market with all they have to sell. If Charlotte is the natural outlet for the Catawba valley, how thankful should those people be to the superior wisdom of the Observer in making the discovery, and how deplorable will the fact appear to those who have been so long groping in the dark! The Observer's assertion that the County Commissioners of York are attempting to force people of the couuty to pay a heavy subscription to the road against their will, is wholly presumptuous. The Commissioners, as well as the most ardent friends of the enterprise, are anxious for a judicial decision in the premises. On this point, we repeat our own position, that if the subscription is illegal and was made without warrant of authority, let the act of the Commissioners be abrogated and set aside by the Courts. We would not in the columns of the Enquirer knowingly endorse a wrongful or illegal official act, however great might be the boon it would confer. Nor, to our knowledge, does any advocateof the proposed road,in thecounty, wish to secure its completion by unfair or illegal means. The Commissioners who made the subscription, await the decision of the Courts with no less interest than the opponents of the measure, and none, we are assured, will abide that decision more cheerfully than they. Who are the oppressed tax-payers, against whose will the tax is levied, and for whom the Observer has such deep commiseration ? The total assessments of the real estate of York county amount to S3,090,509. Of this amount the assessment in the town of Yorkville, on real estate alone, is $306,767, or a sum equal to one-tenth of the real estate assessments of the entire county. The assessment in the i township, including the town (only on real estate) is $694,819, or more than one-fifth of all the assessments of the county. From none of those who are called upon to pay more than one-fifth of the taxes of the county have we ever heard a single word about oppression; and besides the aggregate amount, the town! ship includes some of the largest individual j tax-payers in thecounty. We are unable, at ! this time, to procure the assessments on per ' sonal property; but could we obtain the acj curate figures the showing would be still more I favorable for this township. Besides York, the proposed road will run j through Bethesda and Bethel townships. Added to the assessments of York, we have in the three townships an assessment of $1,275,: 446?an amount considerably more than onethird of the total assessments of the entire county. From neither of these townships, paying more than one-third of the taxes of the county, have wc heard the cry of oppression and tyranny, so distressing to the Observer, and we feel warranted in believing that but little, if any opposition comes from that source. In other sections of the county there are uurabers of heavy tax-payers whom we know to favor the subscription. Hence it cannot be truthfully charged that the veovle of the coun -J ? o i A ty are opposed to the subscription, or that there is unanimity of hostility to it. The Observer further says that if the question of subscription was submitted to the people, it is almost certain that it would be voted down. Upon what grounds the Observer founds this conclusion we do not know. No doubt it takes the vote on the Air-Line road asa preceding example. The vote in this county, was, by a small majority, declared to be against the subscription ; but the manner in which the majority was obtained has been regarded with some dubiousness. The vote, as returned from some precincts, was larger than ever polled by them before or since ; and the boast was afterwards made by those who opposed the measure, that the magnanimous city of Charlotte furnished a goodly number of the votes which killed the subscription. What foundation this boast has in fact we cannot speak advisedly ; but if it is true, we think we can detect a "dead fly" in the Observer's precious ointment more potent, even, than its disinterested condolence with the people on account of "oppressive taxation." But if taxation for internal improvemeuts is "oppressive" in one locality, why is not so in another? No argument is necessary to prove that a liberal system of railroads enhances the value of real estate wherever adopted; and if argument were required, we could cite the county of Mecklenburg, of which Charlotte is the county-seat. That place has no natural advantages superior to any other inland town of this State or of North Carolina. Yet by an enlightened policy of internal improvements, Charlotte is regarded as one of the most prosperous towns in the South, while the value of real estate in the county of Mecklenburg has doubled within the past eight years. And Mecklenburg county has, since 1868, issued m/\ 1/\nn fLA*> OQOA AAA A/lAimtir kAnrlo in oirl IIKJ 1CCS0 UlttU Ui tuuutj UUUUO IU A1U of building railroads. We hear of no "oppression" from that county; but to the contrary all is prosperity. Must York county be deprived the benefit of railroad facilities, and all the advantages to accrue therefrom, simply because the Charlotte Observer, in the plenitude of its superior sagacity, has suddenly discovered that "Charlotte, and not Chester, is the proper market for the productions of the Catawba valley ?" The object of the Observers article is obvious. It was written with the view to influence the elections on the question of subscription in the counties ofNorth Carolina, through which it is proposed to build the road, and thus defeat the project, in order that the productions of the Catawba valley may yet be diverted to the Charlotte market, regardless of the interests of the producers of that section or the wants of purchasers in other localities. + SOUTH CAROLINA NEWS. ? J.S.Clark has been appointed a trial justice for Union county. ?The price of a retail liquor license in Anderson is six hundred dollars. ? Rev. Griffin C. Johnson, colored, ex-member of the Legislature from Laurens, died in that county on the 1st instant. ? The machinery for the Piedmont factory, near Greenville, has been purchased, and is expected to arrive from the North shortly. ? There is complaint in the couutry adjacent to Columbia of too little work and too 1 ? J _!11! nuicn mimia uruuug. ? The total expenses of running the Abbeville county government, last year, were $42,524 80. The debt of the county is $40,179.23. ? Kirkland L. Gunn, of York county, who figured as one of the principal witnesses in the ku-klux trials, has been appointed to a position in the Charleston Custom House. ? Mr. John Kershaw has sold his interest in the Camden Journal to Messrs. W. D. Trantham and J. T. Hay. Gen. J. B. Kershaw, who has been the editor of the Journal for some time, has severed his connection with it. ? The suspension of the Laurens Branch of the Citizen's Savings bank is announced. The Herald says that "the bank is perfectly solvent and the suspension will only be temporary." ? Col. T. B. Jeter, the superintendent of the Spartanburg and Union Railroad has resigned. Upon retiring, the employes of the road presented him with a handsome saddle and bridle. ? Senator Patterson arrived in Columbia from the North last week. The Union-Herald says it is understood that he will remain in Columbia until the opening of the next session of Congress. ? A meeting of merchants and planters was held in Columbia on Friday last, the object being to form a general organization for the purpose of shipping cotton direct to Europe, instead of to the cities North. The matter was favorably considered, and further action will doubtless be taken. ? The Chester Reporter of last week, mentions the following deaths in that county: In the town, James Holden, only son of Jas. H. Crawford, aged nearly six years ; and from diptheria, Annie, daughter of George A. Al j bright, aged four years two months and six J days. In the county, near Landsford, the I youngest child of W. P. and Martha N. Fer1 guson, aged three years. ? The Chester Reporter of last week furnishes the following: "During the argument of one of the learned counsel of this bar on | last Friday afternoon, the Presiding Judge j discovered that Reuben Stroud, a colored j member of the jury, was taking a little of i "ua ure's sweet restorer, balmy sleep." He | ordered a bailiff to awaken him, and proceed' ded to impose upon him a fine of one dollar. ( His Honor stated to him that the fine was i made small because his nap was taken during the argument, saying that he would have . fiued him at least twenty-five dollars if he had gone to sleep while the testimony was being taken." j ?The Chester Reporter of last week, says: "On Monday last the railroad agent at this place received imperative orders from A. ' Pope, Esq., General Freight Agent of the Wilmington, Columbia & Augusta, and Charlotte, Columbia & Augusta Railroads, whose headquarters are at Wilmington, North Caro! lina, not to receive any cotton for shipment 1 to the North, unless the same was to be shipI ped either by the Atlantic Coast Line or the j Inland Air Line. The first of these lines is 1 by the way of Columbia, Wilmington and j Weldon to Portsmouth ; the latter is via Char- J ; lotte, Goldsboro and Weldon to the same ! point. In obedience to this order, which was ' positive and unqualified, the agent refused to give receipts for cotton that was placed upon , the platform to be forwarded by other routes." j The effect of the order is to prevent the shipment of cotton to Charleston. ? The Union-Herald says: "The enterprise and progress of the colored people in certain sections of the State are being manifested in practical ways. They are getting houses of their own, accumulating property and educating their children. They are also taking an i interest in those agencies by which the most prosperous sections of the country have been advanced. For instance, in Abbeville they have organized an agricultural society, purchased grounds and are going to hold a fair. The Abbeville Medium says: "The colored agricultural society is negotiating the purchase of a tract of land situated on Carlisle's branch, about one mile from the city, upon which they intend erecting a comfortable house and stalls, for the exhibition of "specimens of progress among the colored race." The ground will be enclosed, and a race track and every convenience of a fair ground will be established." NORTH CAROLINA NEWS. ? A woolen factory is proposed in Asheville, and subscriptions of atook are being made for that purpose. ? The Federal Court, Judge Dick presiding, commenced its sittings in Greensboro on Monday last. ? Capt. Nat. Atkinson, of Buncombe county, will have on exhibition one hundred varieties of apples at the State fair. ? The black lead mines near Raleigh, successfully worked during the war, are to be reopened and operated by a company of northern capitalists. ? The village of Milton has voted a subscription of 810,000 to the proposed railroad from that place to Sutherlin's Mill on Dan river. ? Governor Caldwell has appointed a special terra of Guilford Superior Court, to convene on the 8th of December, for the trial of both civil and criminal cases. Judge Henry will preside. ? The Sycamore Falls Mill property, on Pnmnontf filiAna VlQQ -L-ltt W II VCI , UCttI VUUI^UUJ KJU?/J/Oj I1HW wwt. purchased by G. W. Swepson, who intends to erect a cotton factory on the premises at an early day. ? The Charlotte Observer learns that the widow of the late Dr. Joseph Ross, of that county, an aged lady, while laboring under a temporary fit of insanity, committed suicide by drowning herself on Friday morning last. ? Hon. A. M. Waddell, of Wilmington, by a research among old documents and papers, has collate4 facts going to prove that the Cape Fear section was settled by Irish voyagers 500 years before the discovery of America by Columbus. ? The North Carolina veterans of the Mexican war are to have a re-union iu Raleigh on the 15th instant. A permanent organization will be effected, and delegates elected to the National Convention which is to meet in Washington next January for the purpose of making efforts to secure a pension. ? The three counties of Guilford, Randolph and Davidson, have reported for the year ending June 30th, 1873,297 public schools, in which 12,757 pupils were instructed. A Teachers' Institute of four weeks was held in each of these counties last summer, in which from thirty-seven to one hundred teachers were instructed. ? A railroad meeting at Troy, Montgomery county, on the 24th ultimo, in the interest nnn!noforl mad frnm Greensboro to I I VI I'll V |/1 UJX/WVV* ? VMM mm _ ? - Cheraw, is reported as a success. Speeches were made by D. F. Caldwell, Col. Dockery and others, and resolutions adopted evincing a disposition of the people to take hold of thtf work in earnest. ? David Collins, white, and Alexander Blalock and Jacob Hood, colored, were tried in the Superior Court of Johnson county last week for the murder of Allen Jones, of color. It was alleged in the trial that the principal, Collins, was in negotiations with one Parish for the purchase of an ox which Collins had concealed, and the deceased knowing that it was an undue advantage taken of Parish by j Collins, informed Parish where the ox was hidden. This, it was charged, led to the perj petration of the murder, in which Blalock I and Hood were accessories. The trial, a full report of which is furnished by the Raleigh Newa, excited great interest. Collins and ! Blalock were convicted and sentenced to be hanged on the 15th of November. Hood was acquitted. An appeal was granted the condemned men. This is the same case which has been telegraphed to the press as the "first ku-klux trial before a State court." + ? -? NEWS OF THE DAY.. ? It is said that the yellow fever is raging at Marshall, Texas. ? Twenty-one deaths from yellow fever occurred in Memphis on Saturday. ? The Curnraings Car Company, Jersey City, has suspended, owing to large amounts due from railroads which cannot be collected. ? The President has requested the Secretary of War to direct the Commissary General to send 10,000 rations to Memphis, Tenn., for the yellow fever sufferers. ? The financial situation in Chicago is improving. The receipts of currency are heavy, and there is a much firmer feeling in the grain market with an advancing tendency in prices. ? The yellow fever excitement in Montgomery, Alabama, has abated. Five cases had appeared, but they are convalescing, and those who fled the city are returning to their business. ? An application made by the State authorities of Oregon for the custody of the Indians indicted by the grand jury, and now held as prisoners by the military authorities, has been refused by the officer in command. ? The Treasury Department is paying persons who were employed in taking the United States census in 1860, but who were deprived | of their money by the breaking out of the ' ' ' <">? r\n/\ I L. IJ war. Already so/.uuu nave ueeu pmu 10 such employes in sums ranging from $50 to $200. ? In Philadelphia, on the 1st instant, before Judge Cadwallader of the U. S. Circuit Court, the order granted upon the petition of Edward Wilson against Jay Cooke & Co., to show why they should not be adjudicated bankrupts, was continued for one week, at; the request of the debtors, and by the consent; of the petitioners. ? The second attempt to cross the Atlantic J ocean by the Graphic balloon was made on j Monday morning last. The telegraph re- j ports that the ascension was successful; the balloon taking a due easterly course. It had as occupants, Professor Donaldson, aeronaut; G. W. Lunt, boatman ; and Alfred Ford, journalist. EDITORIAL INKLINGS. Extra Session of the Legislature. The Columbia Union-Herald of Tuea- i day announces that there will be an extra ; session of the Legislature called on the 21st j instant. The following is the paragraph conveying the information : "We are authorized by his Excellency the . Governor to state that the extra session of the I General Assembly will be called for the 21st | instant. His proclamation to that effect will : appear iu a few days, but this announcement; is made now in order that the members may ! i .ft.ii i i. ?? ??? l imve iuii ami umpm uuuuc iu auuugc iui their departure to the capital." The Fiuancial Crisis. The excitement attending the monetary excitement has about subsided, and business | seems to be gradually resuming its wonted channels, though it will doubtless be many months before an easy feeling of confidence and security can be fully restored. The stock and gold gamblers of the money centres were the first to experience inconveuience, and many of them, no doubt, sustained heavy losses as the result of reckless and illegitimate speculation ; but, as is most generally the case, the brunt of the shock will fall upon the laboring and industrial class, from the eifects of which they canuot so easily recover. The Cedar Springs Asyliun. The following is the substance of a letter addressed by the Superintendent of Education,^ the Superintendent of the Deaf, Dumb and Blind Asylum, at Cedar Springs, near Spartanburg Court House: "The following points relative to the admission of colored pupils into the institution will be strictly and rigidly insisted upon: Colored pupils must not only be admitted into the institution on application, but an earnest and faithful effort must be made to induce such pupils to apply for admission. Such pupils, when admitted, must be domiciled *in tVio Qomo hniMinrr mnaf ftt. tliA Sfimp t.ahlfl. must be taught in the same class-rooms and by the same teachers, and must receive the same attention, care and consideration as white pupils." All of the officials and teachers of the institution have resigned, and it is now closed. We understand that the resignations were made in consequence of the unwillingness on the part of the superintendent and teachers to comply with the requirements of the Superintendent of Education. Charleston City Election. The city election in Charleston, last week resulted in favor of Cunningham, radical candidate, over Gen. Wagener, Democrat, by a majority of 1295. The New and Courier gives a lengthy account of the manner in which the election was conducted, characterising it as a one-sided process and the greatest burlesque upon the right of popular representation since the advent of freedom. The News and Courier charges that the people were kept in profound ignorance of the whereabouts of the polling precincts until after the polls had been opened; that the polls were clandestinely opened before day-light, and that the radical voters were compelled to use lanterns to light them on the way ; and that at the precincts in the outskirts of the city the most shameless ballot-box stuffing was resorted to; while adopted white citizens who had voted in Charleston for the past twenty years were required to produce their papers, of the average colored voter no questions were asked ; negroes from the adjacent islands were brought in by the boat-load, and, as the New charges, voted early and often. The conservative voters have entered a protest, which was plansd in the hands of the chairman of the board of commissioners of elections before any official publication of the result of j the electiou had been made. The Cotton Crop. I Regarding the last cotton crop, the | Commercial and, Financial Chronicle of New York city has compiled the following statis! tics, to prove that free labor is more effective in the production of cotton than slave labor. On the question of the one kind of labor as against the other, argument at this day is quite unnecessary. An increase in the production is admitted ; but the circumstance is not attributable to the character of the labor. The Chronicle only looks at results without considering the means employed. The acreage under cultivation and the laboring force have each diminished as compared with previous years, and the only true solution of the question is the fact that more attention is giv en to the cultivation of the soil, and a better system of tillage is employed. The results, however, are none the less gratifying. The Chronicle says: "The crop of 1872 foots up 3,930,500 bales of the average weight of 464 pounds each. Thiscrop has been surpassed only three times, j viz: in 1870, in 1859, and in 1856, leaving out the year 1861, of which we have no statistics. It thus appears that of the four crops known to have exceeded 3,900,000 bales, two have been made since the war. Again we find that the average crop of the six years 1855, to 1860, inclusive, was 3,800,000 bales, while the average of the three years, 1870 to 1872, inclusive, is 3,750,000 bales. The crops of 1853 and 1856, were each less than three million bales. These figures we submit, amply demonstrate that free labor is quite as effective as slave labor in the production of cotton. As the capital of the South increases?and it is certainly increasing rapidly?we shall probably have to record a series of cotton crops far surpassing in bulk those of the ante-war period." Correspondence of the Yorkville Enquirer. LETTER FROM NORTH CAROLINA. Pittsboro, N. C., Oct. 4,1872. After a silence of more than a fortnight, your correspondent again has his lines of communication open, with supplies and baggage perfectly secure. Leaving the Randleman Cotton Mills and traveling on a line with Deep river, the "solitary horseman," if his animal is sure of foot, may get along tolerably well; but riding in a vehicle is altogether a different kind of exercise. The road, parallel with the rivfer as far as Columbia, is m UmaIfah V*i! 1 it oanfinn on/1 ia anv. biuuugil O UltmcU) 1J111J avv/lliwii, UUU ?w ~.:j thing else than smooth. The aboriginal name of the river is Sapponah, and I am inclined to think the translators committed a grave mistake if they intended that word, rendered into English, to imply Deep. Rough is evidently the correct signification, and were any of the Caraway or Uwharie Indian lexicographers alive and present, I think they would sustain me in this opinion. The ruggedness of surface, however, affords a great many water-falls of sufficient descent to propel an uulimited amount of machinery, and I am told there are not less than twenty good "8ites"yet unoccupied, at different points J on the river between the five factories now in operation. A visit to the Randleman Mills has already been described. To enter into details as regards the other cotton factories on the river would be unnecessary. They differ from the Randleman only in thostyle of goods manufactured. That mill runs almost exclusively on colored goods, while the others confine themselves to white fabrics. Plaids and stripes, in addition to extensive appliances for dyeing, also require a better class of machinery in the spinning room, while the looms for figured goods are altogether different from those used in weaving plain work ; and being more complicated in their construction, are proportionately more expensive. The profits on figured goods, however, are greater and the demand for them equally good as for white; yet, notwithstanding these facts, there are but two establishments in the State making them. A novelty at the Franklinville Mills is a machine for weaving grain sacks. The sack is woven seamless, and the capacity of the loom is four hundred three-bushel sacks per day. They are shipped direct to New York, where they readily sell for $33 per hundred, which price afTords a remunerative profit to the manufacturer. So great is the demand for this one article that the New York factor asks for consignments of not less than six thousand a week. So with the goods made at nil thn rliffprnnf. mills in the State. There is a foreign market eager for all, and more, than can be produced. Neighboring factories in the South are not rivals with each other. If there is a spirit of rivalry in the business, it is the mills of the North with which our own are successfully contesting. The fact is being demonstrated every day that cotton goods of southern manufacture can he laid down in New York at a lower price than the same grade of goods can be placed in the market from a New England mill. Every advantage is in favor of the South. There is no freight, or comparatively none, on the raw material from the producer's hands to the manufacturer, while it costs not less thau $10 or 812 to trausport a bale of cottou from the district in which it is grown and return it in the shape of manufactured goods. This item added to the southern manufacturer's profit, at New England prices for goods, is a clear gain to that extent over the profits of northern mills; and then all other essential expenses are lower, including the wages of skilled and ordinary operatives. It may be safe to assume that if the mills of New England realize a profit of 12 or 15 per cent, on the capital invested, that the southern mills can, on their capital stock, earn a profit, of 20 or 25 per cent. Argument would seem unnecessary as to the proper channel in which southern capital should flow. The true road to southern prosperity and independence lies in the building of factories to consume the raw material which grows so bountifully throughout our favored land ; and if our capitalists would more generally follow that road, they would hod in it safe and permanent investment, redounding not only to their individual prosperity, but to the thrift, welfare and importance of their own section. Those unfamiliar with the facts are no doubt deterred from giving this subject serious attention, under the supposition that vast capital and a retinue of ingenious artisans are Decessary to a successful conduct of the business. As to the amount of capital, of course that would depend upon the extent of the establishment erected. It may be great or small. Either of the five mills which I have visited, was originally built?though previous to the war?at a cost not exceeding 840,000, in which sum is also included the cost of neat tenement-houses for operatives and their families. Exclusive of tenement buildings, 850,000 would now build and equip a complete cotton factory with a capacity of 2000 yards per day. This machinery would do a business that would yield a net profit of at least 8225 per week, or 811,000 per year. With larger capital the profits would be in greater ratio. As to the operative force, the company would require an agent or manager. In the same way that all fiduciaries are chosen, of course he would be selected with reference to his competency as a man of business quali fications and financial skill; for upon fits management, more than all things else, would success depend. A foreman each for the spinning and weaving departments would be necessary, while a greater part of the labor in operating the machinery can be performed by boys and girls. It will thus be seen that the difficulties in the way of operating a factory are not so great as at first would appear. It is a noticeable fact that almost any community can furnish a score of men competent to discharge the duties of a bank president, or an editor, even ; and certainly, while such talent is plentiful there can be no lack of men with sufficient ability to conduct the finances of a cotton mill. As to skilled labor, we have within our own borders plenty of mechanics, trained to the business. A factory has just been completed in this county, on Haw river, and was inaugurated yesterday with a barbecue and public speaking. The proprietors are mechanics, and much of the labor of erecting the buildings was performed by themselves. Such industry and perseverance will tell. The town from which I write is the countyseat of Chatham. To reach this place we diverge somewhat from Deep river, though the road doesn't improve. An old inhabitant told me the other day, in the most serious manner, that he didn't think the roads had been worked much since the war. As in extenuation thereof, he said during that period the people sorter got out of the way of working the roads and had never took to it again. In ray peregrinations I notice that the New York Day Book circulates extensively in certain neighborhoods, and in those neighborhoods are invariably found innumerable packs of worthless hounds and curs. I do not say that the dogs and that paper are inseparably connected, but the fact is the same nevertheless. The Day Book is read, first because it is cheap, and secondly because it is so independent, and so disinterested in its wholesome teachings. The dogs are kept solely for ornament, as they certainly cannot be useful; and besides, they are more easily maintained than sheep or hogs. The happy owner of a smart hound knows that the animal can make a living off his more unfortunate neighbor. So deeply is the instinct of self-preservation planted in these dogs that they improve every opportunity for stealing a lunch. Not long since, a good lady, in anticipation of a visit from one of the canine tribe, cleared the remains of the eveniner meal from the table, andsatdowu in the adjoining room in fancied security; but behold her astonishment when the dog punctually entered, bounded upon the table, and seeing only the lighted candle, voraciously seized it and made hasty tracks I in the direction of the straw-stack, which was ' right fornence the barn, and the barn was near I all the other buildings! The alarm of fire j was sounded, and a general hue and cry pre-! vailed. But the excitement was quite unnec- j essary. The dog had swallowed the caudle? light and all?and by a strategic movement returned to the house, and in nosing about j stuck his head in a pot of boiling coffee, in turn becoming more highly excited than his wrathful pursuers. At least that is the way ' the lady of the house accounted for the dog's 1 loss of his eyes by virtue of a hot shower-! bath. In the good old days Chatham county produced largely of cotton and tobacco. The people were large slave-holders and they dis-1 posed their labor in the manner best calcula ted to yield large returns for the time being, regardless of the future. Horse-racing and cock-fighting were the accomplishments of the generation just passed away, and the consequence is thousands of acres of once fertile lands are now in old fields and gullies. But Chatham is yet rich in productive lauds and an industrious population, besides having the richest iron and coal deposits south of Pennsylvania. Want of adequate transportation is the only obstacle to the development of this vast treasure. Vidocq. Correspondence of the Yorkville Enquirer. LETTER FROMMISSISSIPPI. AfpDrnnv \fiaa fW. 9 1873. I do not notice a grand rueh of the negroes to the support of the Alcorn ticket Negroes are like sheep?they go in gangs, and the gaug does not set towards Alcorn. Now and then a squad start out toward him, but when they see that the whole flock does not come they pause, turn around, and go back, just as you have observed sheep do a hundred times. The negro vote of Mississippi cannot be split. Ham Carter, an influential but windy politician of color, came out for Alcorn the day of the nomination, and now he says he don't know who he is for, which is equivalent to saying that he is for "Ames. The solid column of negroes cannot be broken into. If Alcorn gets any at all, he gets the whole concern. Divided they will not be. It is lamentable that this is true; for a large, overshadowing, indivisible black party is not good for any State. The Alcorn men point with satisfaction to several counties where the negroes are "split up" as between Ames and Alcorn ; but I do not imagine that the split is so deep but what it will be healed before election. To be sure the Alcorn ticket contains the names of two negro men for important offices; but the bait is not likely to take. It has been tried before. A Democratic hook cannot be baited with a negro so but what its original shape will appear and the purpose be known. A nigger can see a nigger in the wood-pile as well as a white man. The Democracy are so anxious to beat Ames that they are willing to lay their principles on the shelf, so far as they may be said to have any, in order to accomplish it To pacify the negroes they disband the Democratic party and support Alcorn, a chief Radical. In this way they hope to win black votes enough to accomplish the object, although they will not likely succeed for reasons before given. The anxiety to beat Ames amounts to a passion among the whites. They endorse Grant, subscribe to Republican principles, hob-nob with the negroes?anything to defeat Ben Butler's son-in-law. It was gravely proposed, before the disaffection of Alcorn, to put an entirely black ticket in the field against Ames, and try to beat him in that way. The ticket was to be as black as a tar-backet, from top to bottom. It was thought that such a gorgeous and glittering mark would call off the negroes from Ames; but I doubt it. That man has such a hold upon their affections that he is a fixture in Mississippi politics so long as be chooses to be. Having been Provisional Governor, and elected to the Senate for six years, and knowing the antipathy of the white people and taxpayers to him, it would be the part of good taste in General Ames to at least get through with one office before he clutches for another. But we must not look for a display of good loale iu a luau who complacently votes five thousand dollars of other people's money into his pocket Such men will bear watching, whether in Mississippi or Massachusetts. Alcorn is as deep in the mud as Ames is in the mire, he having also given his vote and influence in furtherance of the great stea1. The condition of Mississippi is sad, iudeed, when she is so bound hand and foot and at the mercy of rascality and ignorance that her most available candidates for gubernatorial honors are two back pay grabbers. The Attorney-General has come out in an opinion about a mile long, in which he decides that there can be no constitutional election held this year. It seems that the constitution says one thing and the statutes another. The law-making tinkers have fooled with them so much that it would take a Philadelphia lawyer to unravel the knot You may laugh that the discovery that no legal election can be held this year was not made until both tickets were in the field ; but such is the melanoholv fact. Of course Gov. Powers and J ? the other powers that be, are glad that there is a possibility of staving off the election another year, for it gives them twelve months more of place; but the people are aroused, they want an election and will be apt to have it whether it is legal or not. Afterward the Courts can decide these matters. At present it would appear that no attention will be paid to the Attorney-General's opinion, and the campaign will go on. It is already very lively. Every day Ames and Alcorn are on the stump in different portions of the State, talking to the dear people about the evils that will pile in upon us if the other is elected. I understand that they have agreed upon a joint canvass, and will lock horns together after this week. Ames is no match for Alcorn, and will be a badly used up man before he gets through with it. The little general is an orator of the Sunday.-School order?he can say his piece very well when not interrupted ; but when it comes to answers, rejoinders and sir-rejoinders, charges, counter-charges and repartee, and all that sort of thing, Ames will be as mushy as clay in tbe bands ot the robust iJiississippian. He will be placed on the defensive and have to defend his ticket, which is a hard job. His ticket is mean. It is not respectable. Gibbs, candidate for Auditor of public accounts, is a bad egg. Ames himself has charged him with being a thief, and now he must defend him ! The candidate for Lieutenant-governor is a negro named Davis, who was formerly a barber in Memphis. He was a good barber, but that is no sign that he will make a good Governor, for Governor he will be if the Ames ticket prevails, as Ames' term in the Senate doesnot expire until 1875. All the judiciary are to be appointed within the next four years, and the likelihood that a Memphis barber may have it to do is not a pleasant picture for the Misssissippians to contemplate. They call lustily for the shades of all their great men to protect them; but I fail to see what good the shades of dead men can do when there is twenty-five thousand negw^fnajority, all alive and healthy. Another negro on the Ames ticket is T. W. Cardoza. He is charged with once having been an inmate of the Sing-Sing penitentiary ; but from the known composition of much of the Radical party in Mississippi, there is nothing in this to make a fuss about. Besides, the Radicals deny that auy of their ticket was ever in the penitentiary, although the general opinion is that a good deal of it ought to be. Nemo. ? ? The track of the North Carolina Central railway has heen.completod to Wadesboro.