University of South Carolina Libraries
Jfaapj. audi Jfacts. A young lady in Elyria, Ohio, is learning the carpenter's trade. Thus far this year England has imported cotton from the United States to the vab* ne of over twenty-four million pounds. Fresh butter is said to be a cure for erysipelas, applied to the part afflicted, without salt. A plaster made of fresh slack lime and fresh tar, is said to be a sure cure for a cancer, which, with all is roots, will come out. The Pennsylvania Railroad Company has given an order to the Baldwin Locomotive Works for one hundred and seventy-five first-class locomotive engines. "What," said a teacher to a pupil, "makes you feel uncomfortable after you have (lone wrong," "My papa's big leather strap," feelingly replied the boy. On retiring from busiuess a wise old man said to his son and successor: "Now, my old boy, remember that common sense is the best thing you can bring to bear on every affair of life except love making." Mr. Turner, a citizen of Columbia County, Fla., has discovered that two tablespoonfuls of spirits of turpentine in an ordinary painted bucket of water, about three gallons, sprinkled upon cotton where the caterpillar is eating, is an effectual remedy. Edward McPherson, Clerk of the United States House of Representatives, is represented as having expressed the opinion that the back salary grab will revolutionize tlvo periouxuil of tho next Congress ; that the feeling against it in every direction is intense and unrelenting. During August ten thousand and thirty-five immigrants arrived at Castle Garden, a decrease of over four thousand as compared with the same month last year. From January 1st to 31st August, two hundred and one thousand nine hundred and eighty-seven arrived, a decrease of four thousand eight hundred and seveuty-four as compared with the same period last year. A new toy has just been introduced, and will surely become very popular. It is a wax doll in a crib, the doll being dressed ia night clothes and a dainty lace cap. By some mechanism, the doll baby, at certain intervals, after being wound up in the crib, puts out its arms and distinctly calls, "mamma." The inventor thinks "no family should be without one." They have a human monstrosity in Jacksonville which is called the alligator boy. 11 is thus described: "A boy thirteen years old, with hands and feetshaped like an alligator's, his backbone all on one side of his body, his heart on the right side where the liver should be, fifteen ribs on one side and four on the other, the countenance of a bright, intelligent hov and the movements those of an alligator." It is an interesting fact that the imports ofdrygoods at New York during the month of August just ended have been a million and a half less in value than in 1872, and four millions and a quarter less than in 1871. Our total imports since the beginning of the year are nineteen.millions less than last year, and eleven millions less than the year before last. We are not running in debt abroad as fast as we were. The Missouri farmers take to the granges with a vim, that indicates they like the movement passing well. The head officer of the "Patrons" in that State says that there are 500 granges in his organization, averaging seventy-five members each; which makes a total membership of more than 37,000. Judging from the present progress which the pa;rons are making, he thinks that there will be 100,000 members enrolled before next spring. In Arkansas the order is making fast headway. At Gloucester, Va., the other Sunday, at a colored church, just as the preacher had gotten under way the gallery cracked and ?!l olll WUIUCU Viiod out ! "Elooo God, j"dg. mcnt day done come." Then ensued a scene at which human nature shudders. Strong men aud weak women leaped from the gal4 lery upon the dense crowd in the middle of the lower floor. Children fainted from the terrible pressure. Those in the galleries leaped from the windows so fast that they fell upon one another, breaking legs and arms indiscriminately. The New York Graphic announces that its great trans-atlautic balloon, if the weather proves favorable, would ascend from# the Capitoline Grounds, of Brooklyn, New York, on Wednesday afternoon, September 10. Messrs. Wise and Donaldson, the aeronauts, will be accompanied by a reporter of t^e Graphic and an experienced seaman, who will niauage the life boat attached to the balloon in case the party have to exchange air for water. The balloon is described as 116 feet high, 335 feet circumference, and will contain 600,000 cubic feet of gas, with a power of6,600 pounds. The aeronauts are confident that from eighty to one hundred hours' travel will laud them in Europe. The Louisville Courier Journal, in its efforts to rid Kentucky of the presence of the marauding bands of Ku Klux which disgrace several remote and rugged Counties in that State, says those desperadoes are not influenced by political or party considerations, but that they are practical Communists and agrarians, confederated together for the purpose of dispossessing property owners. "Generally speaking," says the Journal, "the klan is composed of the most poverty-stricken, fleabitten set of sans-culottes to be found in the country. Too lazy to work, too stout for appeals to charity, too poor for a regular income other than their labor produces, they think by making labor scarce and sales of real and personal estate frequent, they can finally come into a good property without adequate compensation. The terrorism they have excited hath this extent, no more; save where, here and there, some one is whipped or murdered through motives of vengeance. Murrell's gang were absolute gentlemen by the side of those outlaws." Something of a romance is connected with the recent return to Mrs. Buckner, the wife of General S. B. Buckner, the ex-Confederate general of Kentucky, of a certain large property which, when the war broke out, she had conveyed to her brother. When General Buckner eutered the Confederate service, and before Mrs. Buckner joined him there, she conveyed the property to her brother under a deed of trust. The young man after-1 wards married, became a father and entered ; the Union service. The question now was ! what would be done with the property. If he ! should die or be killed without making a will reconveying to his sister the property she had deeded to him, his child would inherit the fortune. On the eve of the battle of Sharpsburg, he made a will of this character, and at the battle named was killed. General Burn- | side, who commanded the corps in which the young man served, knew that this will had beeu made. He kept the secret and, after ' the war, informed General Buckner of it, J aud the latter by his aid was enabled to re- < cover the will. The testamentary proofs! having been obtained, Mrs. Buckner's title j was fully proved, and the fortune which seemed at one time to hang upon a slender ' thread, was returned to her. Two demure damsels, both of New i Jersey, recently played a very sharp game on j the officials of the Morris and Essex Railroad.! The ladies were going to the seaside, and had the usual amount of feminine baggage with them ; in all, seventeen trunks. When they showed their tickets to the baggage-master and desired him to check their seventeen trunks, he demurred, saying that each passenger was allowed but one hundred pounds of baggage, and the fifteen extra trunks would have to be paid for. The ladies remonstrated, but in vain, so they demanded to know the additional charges they would have to pay, and were informed that the extra trunks would cost them one dollar each, j Now it so happened that a passengers is car- j ried over the road for eighty cents, and is I J* allowed to take one trunk. The young ladies, remembering this, went to the ticket I office and bought fifteen more tickets. They \ showed" these to the baggage man, and he j checked the trunks as for fifteen passengers. The ladies saved three dollars by the operalion, and have fifteen tickets, worth twelve dollars, into the bargain, for the conductor, of course, only took up two tickets, and, as these are good till used, the company may be called upon any day to transport fifteen passengers with fifteen trunks between New York and Morristown. Now, that is what we call a very neat operation, and is another argument to bendded to the many already enumerated in favor of the fituess of womeu to vote. inquirer. YORKVILLE, S. C.: THURSDAY MORNING, SEPT. 11,1873. IIow to Order the Enquirer.?Write the name of the subscriber very plainly, give post-oflice, county and State in full, and send the amount of the subscription by draft or post-office money order, or enclose the money in a registered letter. Postage. Tho poatttgo on tho to any part of the United States, is five cents per quarter,or twenty cents peryear, and is payable in advance at the post office where the paper is received. Watch the Figures.?The date on tho "addresslabel" shows the time to which the subscription is paid. If subscribers do not wish their papers discontinued, the date must be kept in advance. Cash.?It must be distinctly understood that our terms for subscription, advertising and jobwork, are cash, in advance JOB PRINTING. Having determined to devote more attention hereafter to job printing than we have done in the past, we would inform the public that our office is now well supplied with new type of the latest styles, and the best machinery in use; and with a choice stock of inks, cards, papers, &c., we are prepared to execute as good work as can be done anywhere in the United States. Orders for Ball Tickets, Freight Billheads, Bank Notices, Labels, Bonds and Coupons, Law Blanks, Bill Heads, Law Briefs, Business Cards, Letter Circulars, Certificates of Deposit, Letter Headings, Certificates of Stock, iMemorandum Billheads' Checks, |.Note circulars, Deposit Tickets, Note Headings, Drafts and Notes, Programmes, Envelopes, Policies, Fire A* Life Ins., Election Tickets, Shinplasters, Festival Tickets, j Wedding Cards, will receive prompt attention, and satisfaction as to quality of work, guaranteed in every instance. Particular attention given to fine work in colors. THE AFRICAN COLONIZATION SOCIETY. It may not be universally known that there is in the United States, a society which bears the above title. It was organized on the 1st January, 1817, and incorporated, March 23, 1837. The organization building is at 450 Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington, D. C. The exclusive object which the society has in view, is to assist colored people of the United States to colonize Africa. This society is no sham. It has been at work for half a century, and has, to-day, a large colony in Africa to show as the fruits of its labors. At stated periods, expeditions are dispatched to Liberia. From the African Repository we learn that oqq of those expeditions will bo sent on the 1st November, 1873. To "industrious and worthy people of color, the society will give a passage and subsistence on the voyage?made in about forty days?and support for the first six months after landing. Single adult persons get ten acres, and families twenty-five acres of land. These are all gifts never to be repaid." We do not call attention to this subject with the design of either advising any of the colored people to go to Liberia, nor for dissuading any of them from going if they are so inclined. The subject is worthy of careful investigation both by the colored man and the white mau of the South. A few years will settle the question whether it is possible for two races of people to live in the same country and enjoy the same privileges, and both be equally prosperous. . It is an experi ment that, so far as we know, never was made before. "We are not speaking of this subject with any reference whatever to its present political aspect. It involves principles and consequences of far more importance than temporary political supremacy. We do not believe that the colored man will ever be expatriated. We do not believe that the attempt will ever be made to drive him from the sunny South. The question, however, is, can the white man and colored man live side by side and both be prosperous ? Will the laws of nature allow such a state of things ? How did the experiment succeed in the case of the red man and the white man ? History answers the question. The condition of the colored man in the South is by no means an enviable one. Notwithstanding his apparent political power, he has more difficulties to overcome before he can be anything but a hewer of wood and drawer of water, than any man on the face of the civilized earth. He is the dupe of designing and charlatan politicians, and, with all, ignorant and miserably poor. We do not lay these sins at his door. He did not bring about the present state of things. He could not help it. We sincerely pity him. He is poor and needy, bliud and naked, and in need of all things, and yet he thinks he is wise and rich. When all the facts in the case are known, this is not to be wondered at. Every good man pities the condition of the poor Southern negro. His destiny is in the future, 8nd whatever it may be, it will determine the destiny of the South, and possibly nf the whnle United States. IMPROVEMENT DEMANDED. The South is emphatically an agricultural country. By this we mean that the people of the South are exclusively devoted to tilling the soil. The natural facilities for manufac-; turing and stock raising are as good in the j South as in any other quarter of the globe; 1 but the people have been so long engaged in j agricultural pursuits, that there is in their minds an aversion to engaging in anything | else. Such is the prejudice against every i other pursuit that it is more than probable j that no change will take place in the South ; during the present generation. Our people will continue to make cotton, and buy meat, bread and clothes, as our fathers have done. It is a strange thing that, notwithstanding j the fact that in the cotton growing States noth-! ing but cotton has beeu raised, still no great! improvements have been made in the cultivation of cotton. But little effort in this direction seems to have been made. The effort seems to have been to devise some mode by which a greater number of acres could be cultivated in cotton, but not to make the j acres produce the greatest possible amount of pounds. Once this theory might be endured, but at present it is ruinous. It costs money, and a great deal of it, too, to cultivate an acre of laud. It is clear that the greater amount of cotton that each acre produces, the greater will be the profit. If one acre of land can be so improved that it will produce as much as two acres do at present, the income is more than doubled. The investment is only half and the taxes and other expenses reduced in proportion; still the income is the same as if double the amount of land were cultivated. On an average, we suppose that about four hundred pounds of seed cotton to the acre is as much as is, at present, raised on an acre. This is, we are convinced, not an under estimate, it may oe an over esuraaie. By proper cultivation and by improving the seed, we feel safe in saying that the average yield might be made three times as much. The expenses would no doubt be greater for cultivating an acre properly than it is at present ; but not as much as might be supposed. It usually costs less to do a thiug right, than to do it wrong or improperly. Now the change which we think is demanded, is that cotton be so cultivated that it be as remunerative as possible to the cultivator. In order to bring about this change, the theory of large farms must be banished from the minds of our people. Large farms are like overgrown horses ; it takes a great deal to feed them and theysoon wearout. We always have thought, and still think, that there are portions of the State of South Carolina that is excelled by no other section on the globe. Nature has done her part, but art has not dorte much. If cotton were cultivated in South Carolina as grain is cultivated in some portions of the world, there is no telling what would be the results. The same thing might be said about the cultivation of corn, wheat, oats and the other cereals. The average yield of breadstuffs might be increased four fold. The climate of South Carolina is better adapted to the growth of corn than Pennsylvania. Why do we not make as much corn per acre as is made in Pennsylvania? The only reason that can be assigned is that we do not properly cultivate our corn. SOUTH CAROLINA NEWS. ? The library of the South Carolina University contains thirty thousand volumes. ? Trial Justice Mackey, at Winnsboro, is sending delinquent road workers to jail. ? John C. Reister died in Chester, from consumption, on Saturday last. ? Good crop reports come from all parts of Edgefield county. ? The cotton worm has made its appearance in some sections of Sumter county, threatening serious damage. ? Company D, of the second artillery, heretofore stationed at Charlotte, has been transferred to Charleston. ? The corn crops iu the vicinity of Cheraw are considered better than they have been for several years. ? The Southern and Atlantic Telegraph line has been completed from Charlotte to Greenville. ? The Union-Herald says that the increase of the colored population in this State since 1860, has been only one per cent. ? Daniel Ravenel, Esq., one of the most respected and aged citizens of Charleston, died on the 7th. ? Fourteen foxes?eleven of which were red foxes?were captured in eight successive mornings, in Fairfield, county, by Mr. D. R. Feaster and two companions. ? Governor Moses has contributed one hundred dollars toward the building of a Methodist church in course of erection at Union Court House. ? A movement is on foot at High Shoals, Anderson county, for the purpose of building a first-class cotton factory at that place, with a capital stock of ?60,000, one-third of which amount is already received. ? Lancaster Court House is said to be more sickly than it has been for twenty years past. The Ledger attributes the sickness to the fact that cotton is planted too extensively. In many instances the gardens in the town are planted in cotton. ?The Williamsburg Republican is the title of a new paper, the publication of which has been recently commenced at Kingstree. It is edited by S. A. Swails, the colored Senator from Williamsburg, and is Republican in politics. ? The Union Times says that Bud Williams, formerly of that county, who it is alleged was at one time a ku-klux, and was afterward appointed a Deputy Marshal, was killed at Marshal, Texas, a few weeks ago, while attempting to arrest another man. ? Rev. R. C. Oliver, the Superintendent of the "Carolina Orphan Home," at Spartanburg, proposes to commence the publication at that place, about the first of October, of a weekly newspaper to be called the "Orphan's Friend." The size of the paper is to be 22 by 30 inches, and will be published at ?2 per annum. ? The Chester Reporter of last week mentions that Mr. John McLerkin was found dead in his bed on last Saturday morning, at his late residence one mile east of Blackstocks. The deceased was a very old man?supposed to be eighty yearn of age?and was a pensioner of the Government on account of his services in the war of 1812. ? The Chester Reporter learns that Phillip A. Eichelberger, formerly county treasurer of Edgefield county, whose death and burial was nnm/1 fitvia arm !a nnt in fiinf. fl pn rl pUUHCUCU O^iUU U1UU (tgV| AW UV W AM AWWH but has fled to a healther climate to escape the consequences of certain malfeasances in office for which he had been arrested by the State treasurer. ? The Shelby Banner says: "We were reliably informed a few days ago that Mr. David Reed, of Union county, S. C., cut his name on a terrapin's back 48 years ago and turned it loose, and found the same terrapin alive one day last week, not more than a hundred and fifty yards from where he turned it loose after cutting his name, the letters being as legible as when first cut. ? The Wilmington, N. C., Journal, of the 4th instant, says: "A friend, who has just returned from South Carolina, informs us that the cotton prospects in Marion, Williamsburg, Darlington and Sumter counties are really discouraging. The rust and the worm have both been at work, and the farmers are now engaged in picking out the open cotton as fast as possible. The yield will prove very different from that promised a few weeks ago." ? The Winnsboro News says: "Rev. Mr. Richardson, who carried a colored opera troupe through the North, last spring, has for some time recently been training another at Ridge way. They have given one or two concerts, and persons who heard them have been much pleased. Mr. Richardson leaves for his Northern tour this morning. One of the peculiar features of this opera will be the rendition of the real old "camp meeting melodies" fouud only in the South among the colored people." ? The Chester Reporter of last week says: "Dr. A. H. Davega, President of the Chester and Lenoir Narrow Gauge Railroad, returned home on Sunday morning last from a trip of several weeks duration in North Carolina, i He visited Dallas, Lincoln, Newton and Hickory Tavern, saw and conversed with men from : all the counties along the line of the road,! and is enthusiastic over the prospects of the | sure completion of his road. The private subscription is increasing rapidly?in fact much more is being subscribed than the most ardent friends of the measure dared to hope for. Colonel Gardner has completed the final survey to Dallas, and informs Dr. Davega that he has never in all his experience run a line so adapted by nature for a railroad us the one located from Yorkville to Dallas. There ! is no embankment nor excavation on the ! whole line exceeding eleven ieec in neigm ur depth, and for six miles on one stretch it is so level that absolutely no grading whatever will be required. The estimate is that the subscriptions to the capital stock already made are enough to grade the road from Yorkville to Lenoir. If this is so there is no doubt of the final consummation of this great and important work." ? ? ? NORTH CAROLINA NEWS. ? The Grand Lodge of Good Templars met in Greensboro on Tuesday last. ? Charlotte is completely encircled by railroads. One can ride round the whole town 011 a hand car. ? Mr. Fred W. Waddy, Assistant Auditor of the Air-Line Railroad, died at Charlotte last week. ? The Raleigh News says that O. H. Smith, of that city, has invented a cotton picking machine which has given entire satisfaction so far as it has been tested. ? The Greensboro Female College, destroyed by fire during the war, has been rebuilt, and was opened with a full faculty last week for the reception of pupils. ?Caldwell, Catawba, Lincoln and Gaston counties vote on the 9th of October on the question of taxation to build the Chester and Lenoir Narrow Gauge Railroad. ? The Fayetteville Eagle says that contracts are called for to build the railroad which will connect that town with Florence, S. C. It is thought that $125,000 will be sufficient to grade the track and furnish the cross-ties ready for the iron. ? John Ellwood, an English miner of Rutherford county, died a few days ago. He had, but a short while before his death, gained a suit in the English Court by which he would have come into the possession of $300,000, which sum, however, will go to his heirs. ? A railroad, connecting Greensboro with Cheraw, S. C., is projected. The proposed road would prove an important connection, and it is understood that it can be built with private capital if the people of the various counties it is to traverse will render the desired aid to the company proposing to embark in the enterprise. ? Hon. D. M. Barringer died at the Greenbrier White Sulphur Springs, Va., on the 1st instant. Mr. Barringer had held several imnnrtAnt nuhlic nositions. He was Minister to I i- r Spain under Buchanau's administration, and at the time of his death was chairman of the democratic executive committee of North Carolina. ? At the recent special terra of Mecklenburg Superior Court, which was in session six weeks, one hundred and thirty cases were decided, leaving yet on the docket one hundred and fifty cases. Of those decided apeals were taken in thirty. The Democrat, from which we gather the above facts, advises suitors to compromise. ? In regard to a recent meeting held at Asheville, in the interest of the Spartanburg and Asheville Railroad, the Spartanburg Spartan says: "The meeting passed unanimously resolutions to submit the proposition of voting a subscription of $200,000 to the people of Buncombe county at an early day ; this, too, after those present had subscribed $35,000. The delegates from Marshall county promised individual subscriptions to the amount of $25,000 and a coanty subscription of $50,000. The meeting was a very enthusiastic one, aud no one seemed to doubt the fact that the subscription of $200,000 would be ratified by a popular vote of the county. Asheville is fully alive to the importance of the measure, and is willing to do her full share. Henderson county has already subscribed $100,000 to this road. An mvv-rt Tii ir fltns u* int iiAit ? During the past season 307,091 watermelons were shipped from Augusta, Geo. ? Minnesota estimates that she will have a surplus of 30,000,000 bushels of wheat for exportation this year. ? There are 4,000 slaves at Quiloa, East Africa, offered at from half a dollar to three dollars each without finding a purchaser. ? It is announced as a settled fact that Andy Johnson will stump Tennessee in his own behalf this fall as a candidate for Governor. ? A Louisiana paper states that the inscription "for sale" or "for rent" is posted on more than 6,000 houses and stores in New Orleans. ? A panic prevails at Galveston, Austin and Houston, Texas, in consequence of the prevalence of yellow fever. ?The bids for fixing the headstones on 250,000 Federal soldiers' graves have been opened. The lowest bid is $900,000. ? It is rumored that ex-Governor Foote, of I Mississippi, will soon be appointed by the President to an important foreign mission in South America. ? Judge Richard Coke, of Waco, has been nominated as the Democratic candidate for Governor of Texas; and Hon. R. B. Hubbard for Lieutenant Governor. ? The nett gains of the Tallahassee Manufacturing Company, of Alabama, for 1872, were $123,381, or something over nineteen and a half per cent, on the capital stock. ?"Beau" Hickman, who for many years has been known in Washington as a sponge and "dead beat," died in that city on the 1st instant. ? The Atlanta Constitution notes the statement by a prominent railroad man, on good authority, that the Southern Security Company have sold the Air Line Railroad to the Richmond and Danville Road. ? It is stated that the. Air-Line Railroad, recently completed between Charlotte and Atlanta, has cost near 88,000,000, or an average 'of 830,000 per mile. Particular sections of | the road have cost full 890,000 per mile. I ?A recent published statement shows a re' duction of the public debt for three years, from ; July 1,1870, to July 1,1873, of 8250,000,000. | The net reduction the past fiscal year has, i however, been only 843,667,530. I ? General Butler is prosecuting his cam- j . paign in Massachusetts for gubernatorial j honors with varying fortunes in different parts of the State. He showed himself unexpected, ly strong in the larger cities, but he is not ! doing so well in the country. ! ? The Augusta Chronicle, of Tuesday, says:; "The caterpillars appear to be playing sad | havoc in the cotton fields of this vicinity. In two fields about two miles from the city, where the cotton was green and flourishing last Sunday, nearly every leaf had disap peared yesterday, myriads of catterpillars having passed over them in the twenty-four i hours. The fields literally presented the ap- j pearance of having been swept by fire." ? The very striking difference between the 1 receipts of cotton last year and the present at New Orleans, is stated as follows in the Times, | of the 30th August: "There have been further rereints of 62 bales of new cron this week, j ^ r A I making the total to date 71 bales, including ' one from Texas, against 1,641 bales last year, I including 210 from Texas. The crop accouuts i have been much more discouraging, and caused a pretty general reduction of estimates." ? The cholera is still raging to an alarming extent in several of the Western States. In Fayette, Mo., out of a population of" six hundred, fifty have died. AtOakaville, Illinois, twenty-three persons died in twelve hours, including five persons out of one family. Patients die within fifteen minutes after being attacked and turn black immediately after death. AtMillersberg, Ky., eighteen deaths, besides twenty new cases, were reported in twentyfour hours. ? The reports from the Virginia canvass indicate a full vote and an overwhelming Conservative triumph. General indignation is felt at the insolent attempt of the Administration to control the politics of the State and organize there another Louisiana. The feeling and the activity of the canvass will probably secure a majority larger than Governor Walker's in 1869, for Kemper, the Conservative candidate. Col. Mosby says that Keranor tha fVm<M?rvnt.ivft ticket will be elected by from 20,000 to 30,000. It is said that if the Conservatives carry the Legislature, there will be a general concurrence in favor of returning the Hon. R. M. T. Hunter to the United States Senate. + ? Correspondence of the Yorkville Enquirer. LETTER FROM NORTH CAROLINA. New Salem, N. C., Sept. 8,1373. Your correspondent has drifted to the ancient village of New Salem, settled some fifty or sixty years ago by members of the Society of Friends or "Quakers," a religious sect whose creed was originated in England, by George Fox, during the seventeenth century. The mode of worship of this peculiar denomination of Christians, the existence of which is not even known in many sections of the United States, is very simple. "Silent" meetings are regularly held on two days of each week?First-day or Sunday, and Fifth-day or Thursday. On these days, at 11 o'clock, they assemble at the house of worship and silently commune with the Holy Spirit for one hour, when the Elders, who occupy the pulpit, "shake hands" with each other, which is a signal for the brethren to disperse. The meeting houses are built in the simplest style of architecture, and no matter how large or how small may be the building, or how many or how few the members of tbe congregation, the house is divided by a partition into two apartments, one for the male members and the other for the females. The sexes worship in separate rooms, and females preach the same as the males. Preaching, however, does not occur often, and never at stated periods, or by regular appointment, as with other denominations. Their exponents of the gospel claim to sp^ak only when moved by the Spirit of the Holy Ghost, and consequently much pulpit banging is avoided. During Monthly, Quarterly and Yearly meetings, preaching is generally expected. At one of these assemblages the utmost silence may prevail for more than an hour; and though there may be three or four ministers present, all occupying the pulpit together, no previous arrangement has been made as to which one shall preach. But should one be "moved by the Spirit," he rises, and without the usual preliminaries of singing and prayer, or without even announcing a text, proceeds in simple, but chaste, language to expound the Scriptures according to the tenets of the church. These discourses being delivered in an earnest manner, are eloquent in their very simplicity, and they seldom fail of being instructive and impressive. By those not familiar with the facts, Quakers are regarded as being uncouth in their manners, rude and illiterate. The very reverse is the truth. They are the only people who strictly speak the vernacular language correctly, and they are behind none in sustaining institutions of learning. They are unostentatious, discarding titles, even omitting "Sir" and "Madam" in all discourse; and though their garb is of simple pattern, being of the same style as that in vogue when the church was founded, yet those who have the means, wear as fiue and costly apparel as is worn by any other people. I have seen many Quaker maidens modestly and neatly attired in costly fabrics, but without wire-work and bird-cage attachments or other ringtumpopadiddleboodle ornamentation, who could cast a love-dart in the most winsome manner, and arouse the tender passion in the most ob 1 . rr>i_: i. i : ? lUSe Heart. iiiis art, iiuvvevci, lauuc ui iuc tudowments of the sex, which poor man's weakness has only tended to cultivate, and against which no church regulations, however strict, can erect a barrier. But the Quakers do not object to love-making?only it must be confined to those of their faith. As regeneration is deemed unnecessary?the children of Quaker parentage being considered as born free from carnal affections?so is it regarded as sinful to marry "out of the church." After the betrothal the marriage ban is read to the congregation of which the lovers are members, and in one month afterward the marriage is consummated in the church, each candidate repeating the vows aloud, and signing a written agreement that henceforth and forever they will divide their joys and sorrows, and together pull through this weary life in the silken traces of matrimony. Lawsuits are unknown among the members?all differences arising among them being settled in the church; for which purpose the monthly meetings are set apart?and their poor are never taxed to the county. As may be readily inferred, the Quakers are men of peace, which to some extent accounts for the name of this village?the word Salem signifying "peace." The town of Salem, forty miles north, had been previously settled by Moravians from Germany, another peaceablydisposed people, but who on many occasions make a considerable noise with trumpets, gongs and drums. A town without a trumpe- j tor would hv them be considered as seriouslv I deficient, even for ordinary purposes ; while for important events?such as the advent of Easter morn?a band of sonorous brass instruments is regarded as an adjunct indispensable to good government and correct municipal regulations. Not so with the Quakers, who neither dance nor sing; and hence they named their place New Salem, which, by a liberal construction? : taking the definition, "different from the j former"?may be regarded as implying a better and more perfect peace than that of i their noisy neighbors in Forsythe county. The number of Quakers in the South has been greatly depleted by removal to the: Western States Year by year they have migrated from North Carolina, Virginia and Maryland, until now they number compara- j tively few in these States. This county, Randolph, has a population 17,551, and in stock-raising and the leading ( agricultural productions, excepting cotton and tobacco, ranks in the fourth class; while in the manufacture of cotton goods it is ahead of any other county in the State. On Deep river, within a space of fifteen miles, there are five extensive cotton mills in active operation, all of which are represented as doing a prosperous business. It is claimed that North Carolina is the pio neer of the southern States in the raanutacture of cotton goods, and that the spirit of manufacturing in this State had its inception in Randolph county. About the year 1825, efforts were made by Benjamin Elliott, the owner of a water-power in this county, at the place now known as Cedar Falls, (where at this time there is in operation an extensive factory,) to form a company for the manufacture of cotton goods. Mr. Elliott, however, failed in his scheme, though his agitation of the subject awakened an interest in other sections of the State, aud by the year 1829 two cotton factories were in operation?one in Lincoln county, and the other in Greensboro. Encouraged by the success of these mills, Mr. Elliott made a small beginning on his property, and though he has long since passed away, the establishment which he founded has steadily grown and increased until it now ranks with the most extensive mills in the State. There are now in this State, according to the best information I can obtain, thirty-six mills in operation, and one in process of erection, all of which are owned and controlled by home capital. I have just returned from a visit to the mills of the Randleman Manufacturing Company, one mile from this village. This establishment employs one hundred operatives, and has in operation 1524 spiudles and 75 looms, only 12 of which are run on white goods, the leading productions of this mill being cottonade of different patterns for men's wear, linseys, stripes, plaids, bed ticking and apron checks. These goods are all of standard on/4 fin^ roa^w.oolo flnn.tVlJrfl ftf tho 4uu"v .v?wj o..v. - ? productions are sold in Augusta, Ga., one-fifth in New York city, and the remainder find a market in this State. Such i9 the demand for the goods that the mill is fully 100 bales behind the orders now on hand. From the polite and accommodating manager, Mr. Randleman, I learn that during the month of July there was manufactured by this mill 57,300 yards of goods, requiring 17,796 pounds of cotton, the labor costing, in the spinning-room, $431.56; in the weaving room, $785.53; and in the dye-house, including fire-wood, $450. A large number of the operatives are females, who earn good wages. In the weaving-room, work is done by the piece, or yard, and the average earnings of the weavers is $18 per month, though an expert weaver can earn more. The establishments in this county labor under the disadvantage of having no railroad facilities nearer than the N. C. Central road, which is 18 miles from the Randleman mills; 26 from Cedar Falls; 28 from Franklinville and Island Ford, and 30 from Columbia. Excepting the goods sold at the door, the remainder is hauled in wagons to the railroad for shipment. Despite this inconvenience, all these mills are doing a prosperous business; and previous to the completion of the railroad, it was found profitable to haul goods for shipment North and West to Fayetteville, a distance of 90 miles from the Randleman establishment. The larger number of the mills in this State are more fortunately situated as regards facilities for transportation, and consequently their profits are proportionately greater; but as aL evidence that the Randolph mills are profitable to the stockholders, Mr. Randleman assured me that only the lack of house room nMirniiio liiin fmm incrcnainor tlia mflptlinPI-V to double the present capacity, and I am informed that some of the other mills, already extensive, but working altogether on white goods, contemplate increasing the productive capacity at an early day. With all the disadvantages under which these mills labor, both as to receiving the raw material?not being located in a cotton region?and shipping the manufactured article, why cannot similar establishments be made still more profitable to the proprietors, if located in the heart of a fine cotton-growing section, with all the advantages of rapid and cheap transportation ? Vidocq. Correspondence of the Yorkville Enquirer. LETTER FROM PENNSYLVANIA. Meadville, Pa., Sept. 4,1873. Meadville is a large and growing town on the Atlantic and Great Western Broad Gauge route, some three hundred miles from Cincinnati, and five hundred from New York. It is comparatively a new place, being a creature of the remarkable railroad development of the past decade. Pennsylvania is a thrifty State, and I sometimes think it will outstrip all the others in wealth before the close of this century. From what we gather from the last census report, and adding the same ratio of increase since, we find that the real and personal property in Pennsylvania to-day is worth four thousand millions of dollars ! This is a sum greater than the mind can comprehend; an aggregate of wealth at once significant and startling. If we look for causes for this wonderful growth, we find them to be, first, great natural resources ; second, their development by the continuous labor of the industrious population. Much of the great wealth in Pennsylvania to-day is due to the hardy foreigners who have taken up their abode within her borders. There are over a million foreigners, and their descendants, in Pennsylvania, and the value of their labor in the development of the resources of the State cannot be estimated. TUo nlooa nf nrmnlnfinn 19 TlftPflfid in the jl 11 lo v1h04 vi ^/v|/v*?mv>v? South. The presence of a hundred thousand industrious German emigrants in South Carolina would be worth to you untold millions. A DELIGHTFUL SUMMER. This has been one of the coldest summers ever experienced by the oldest inhabitants. There are many counties in this State where there has been a frost every month, yet not of sufficient severity to effect growing crops. At this writing the thermometer marks 75?, which indicates more than usual warmth. 84? is the highest I have seen it this summer in this State, and that only for a day. One day it was 82? ; but save these it has been below 80? all | the season. In the large cities it has of course been much warmer; but when you are convenient to rural breezes and forest shade, there has not been a day this summer, in this lati tude, unpleasantly warm. In consequence of the cool weather the summer resorts have not been as well patronized this summer as last. But the tide of Euro* pean travel has been largely augmented. This is rather foolish than otherwise. We have such a splendid country, so large, so broad, so ample, that the most discontented spirit can find a climate to suit him and plenty to see. The natives of a land like ours cut ridiculous figures sailing over the great deep to find something to see. It is estimated that the Americans now in Europe will spend fifteen millions of dollars in foreign lands this season. The question comes up in the thoughtful mind, had we not better contemplate out own scenery and keep our money at home ? Nemo. SCALING THE DEBT. The correspondent the Charleston News and Courier, writing from Columbia, says: The excitement produced by the unfavorable and unexpected decision in the bond case, which was never so great as the grave interests involved would appear to demand, has almost entirely subsided. Our people are not to be aroused from the lethargic indifference to public affairs which has settled upon them, even by the danger of largely increased taxation. Besides, there is a very general impression that the tax will not be levied any way; that the Republican party cannot afford to enforce it, and that something will be done by the Legislature to prevent it before the time for collection arrives. I have talked with a great many Republicans upon the subject, and with some of the State officials, and they are unanimously of the opinion that no tax will be levied to pay interest until the debt shall have been arranged upon some basis consistent with the pledges of the party made last year in relation thereto. Tt. is regarded now as a fixed fact that the General Assembly is to be convened in extra session on the 21st of October. This I learn from members of the administration. The chief object of the extra session is to make an arrangement of the debt, and determine the expenditures for the next fiscal year before the 15th day of November, on or before which day the notice of the rate per centum to be levied has to be given by the comptroller-general to the various county auditors. An effort, I learn, is certainly to be made to scale the debt, and the scheme will be strongly urged by the Governor in his message. The plan recommended, it is said, will be the one mentioned in one of my previous letters as being most strongly favored by Patterson. This is, that the whole debt, $16,000,000 or with accrued interest, say $18,000,000, must be scaled proportionately to the present value of the different classes of bonds. To explain, I will assume for instance that there is now outstanding $6,000,000 of the unquestionably valid debt quoted in New York at 32i i scaling this at double the present value which would be 65 cents, we would have a new debt of $3,900,000 in place of the old of $6,000,000. Taking the balance of the debt, about 812,000,000 at an average of 17i as its present value, and doubling it so as to make 85, we would have a new debt of $4,200,000; thus making a total new debt of about $8,000,000. The attorney-general says that I misrepresented him when writing upon this subject before, in stating that he favored an indiscriminate scale of fifty per cent. He claims to be an advocate, and I believe one of the originators, of the proportional plan. "Honest TaK r*io kflna an o flwinrr wioif Tlififfi too a a U viiu 10 lAtsiwv/u u ujf tu^ vioiv* a??v?w <imu w flocking of the political vultares at his house yesterday. Rumor has it that the gathering was for the' purpose of taking counsel upon this very question of the State debt. I am told by some of the old Blue Ridge party that the dear departed scrip is to be resurrected and placed along with the rest of the doubtful debt in the new scaling process. It is said, too, that all the floating debt, warrants, certificates, and all existing claims against the State, are to be put in the pool, so that when the scaling is finished, the Republican party is to commence with a clean sheet to inaugurate all sorts of economy and reform in the management of the State's finances hereafter. Qui Vive. ? ? The Colored Element and the Granges. The question of color is about to annoy the Patrons of Husbandry. The colored element, heretofore, has not been known to the order. The constitution ignores politics and religion, but says nothing about color. Should the requisite number of colored people apply for a charter, it would be issued ; but whether the State granges would permit a colored Master to affiliate, is a question of local jurisdiction entirely. In the South, where the order is flourishing, no application has been received for a charter for a grange composed of colored people; but in Arkansas and Missouri the impending crisis is at hand. The order now numbers upwards of 6,000 granges, having increased over 800 during the month of Au~ gust. From this time untif December, it is expected the increase will not fall short of 1,000 per month. In Pennsylvania, a State grange will be organized on the 16th of September. It has taken root in Massachusetts, and promises to spread rapidly in the other New England States. Virginia and Kentucky appear to he neutral ground, there being but three granges in the former and one in the latter State. The clerical force at headquarters has been increased. All the dements of a lively political campaign enter into the business of the order. Cartoons illustrating the farmer's position with monopolists are being prepared for general circulation, songs with words adapted to the object of the orders are being printed in New York by thousands, and a book called "Songs of the Grange" cannot he printed fast enough to fill the orders. The packages sent out from Washington have the following pasted on them, "Compound extract of hay seed, an excellent mental invigorator, warranted to cure itching for office," political trickery, and sure to remove unfaithful servants from office." Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Maine, Mandand, Nevada and Kbode Island are the only States where a grange has not been established. New York has at present only nine granges. Revenue Decision.?The following special order was issued from the internal revenue bureau on the 8th inst: "Collectors are instructed to see that each deputy collector in charge of a division is furnished with a book j j r il. ~ai containing a recoru, maue up iruw um uujub alphabetical list, of the names of all persons in his division who have paid special taxes for this fiscal year, including those who paid such taxes to the collector or to any of his deputies, and each deputy should be required to keep the record in his book so complete that it can be depended upon as a guide in determining what persons in his division have paid such taxes. Requisitions for books of alphabetical list of special tax payers should include a sufficient number to supply the home office and such deputies as are in charge of divisions. The commissioner of internal revenue decides that regular liquor or tobacco dealers, holding a special tax stamp as such, may cease their ordinary place of business for the time being, and, on registry of the facts with the collector of the district, may do business under said stamp at one stand in the fair grounds situated in said district without payment of additional tax, but before opening again their regular place of business should make a new registry with the collector of the district." 4^.4 Anecdote of the Late Beau Hickman. In his younger days he frequently went to New York, and sometimes to Norfolk, Baltimore and Richmond, where he would remain a few weeks, invariably "beating" the landlords out of their bills. Once he went to New York with an acquaintance, an old sporting man, and both put up at the first hotel in the city. Beau was, as usual, splendidly gotten up, and nine days elapsed before his bill was presented. When it was, Beau took it to his friend and said, "What am I to do.? I have not got a red." "Take this one thousand dollar bill, said his acquaintance, and offer to pay your bill." Bean did so, and the clerk seeing him in possession of so large a sum said, "We can't change that; never mind, Mr. Hickman, we can wait until you get the change just as well as not." It is almost unnecessary to say that while the clerk was waiting for the change Beau beat his way back to his old stamping ground in Washington. *