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f> traps audi Jacts. The cottage of William Penn, in Philadelphia, is used as a beer saloon. An envelope of flannel and newspapers will prevent ice from melting in the warmest of weather. From some portions of Arkansas come reports of excellent crops ; in others, corn and i cotton have been seriously affected by drouth. A New York auctioneer recently advertised for sale "one fine tapir, sixteen prime monkeys, assorted sizes, and two moose deer, seized for violation of the revenue laws." The editor of a Nevada newspaper ! gives notice that hereafter he cannot be j bribed with a five cent cigar to write a five ! dollar puff. One of the Siamese twins was recently i summoned to serve on a jury in JNorth Carolina. Chang would not go, and Eng was ! fined S25 for non-attendance. A snake with eves in its tail as well as in its head, and also a horny appendage, like the spur of a rooster, has been discovered in Tennessee. The saloon-keepers of Sabinaw City (Mich.) have resolved that they will sell no liquor, wine or beer to married men without a permit from their wives. It is said that Colonel R. Barnwell Rhett still edits the New Orleans Picayune, but the locality of his editorial rooms is not generally known, least of all by the authorities. A Western parson delicately began a funeral discourse by alluding to the fact that he had officiated at the hanging of the father of the deceased. All the newspapers, with oue exception. r , * ' in Western Kentucky, oppose the project of forming a new State out of portions of Tennessee, Kentucky and Mississippi. The proj'ect in that section is considered visionary. The Free Methodists of New York refuse membership to persons who use tobacco or liquor in any form, or who are members of secret societies. They also prohibit the use of jewelry and of gay, flashy dress. Southerners are being swindled by letters professed to be issued by the Mercantile Prize Association of New York, informing them of their success in drawing valuable prizes, which will be forwarded on receipt of the amount specified in the letter. A machine for forging horse shoe nails has been lately invented and is now in operation at the Bristol Iron Works at Oswego, N. Y. It will make from twelve to fifteen nails per minute, requires no attendance except to put in a coil of nail rod every ten hours. Anarchy and crime are reported as on the increase in certain sections of Kansas, and many of the best men are reported to have declared that the only safety of the State lies in a strong central territorial form of Government under the protection of the United States. "Why do they call the people that live in some of the South Sea Islands cannibals ?" asked an old man of a sailor. "Because they live on other people," answered the sailor. "Then," said the old man, pensively, "my sons-in-law must be cannibals, for they live on me." The genuine tea plant is growing profusely over all the suburbs of the city of Jacksonville, in Florida, and presents auite a thriving appearence every where it is found. Many of the inhabitants of that city use no other tea in their families. They pluck and dry what they require for their own use, and say it is equal to any black tea offered for sale at the grocery stores. Gen. Alferd Iverson, late of the Confederate States army, the captor of Stoneman, has obtained letters patent for a machine for the manufacture of ice which is intended for introduction nnto every household. It is about the size of an ice cream freezer, and is so constructed that it will freeze water into solid blocks of ice in ten or fifteen minutes. One of these machines will cost $20 or $25, after theobtaining of which the round expense 1 , of making all the ice a family would use in a 1 year would not, perhaps, sum up $2 gross. A San Francisco milliner recently hit upon a novel expedient to advertise her store. , She had among her assistants one remarkably handsome young woman, and having attired this damsel in the choisest garments of the establishment, placed her in the window of the store. The girl stood in a reclining attitude perfectly still, and very soon an immense crowd of people had assembled to see the beautiful milliner's sign. The crowd soon grew to a perfect mob, quite blockading the street until the curtains were lowered and the living model relieved from her position. A recent visitor among the Indians in Florida gives an account of a marriage ceremony which he witnessed : "The company was composed of the whole tribe, all of whom were dressed in their best finery. A circle was formed, the bride moved to the centre, holding in her hand an ear of corn. Then the bride groom advanced alongside of her, with a deer's leg in his hand. The mutual exchange comprises the whole ceromouy. After the ceromony the whole company ad vanced aud feasted on bear meat and honey for two days and nights." A colored man of Wilmington, N. C., by the name of Sandy Johnson, has a tame coon which follows him about the streets like a dog. The Journal says that he is not only a civilized, but an educated coon, as he understands an order, and does whatever his master tells him. They sit down and eat their meals together, the coon imitating his master, not only in taking up a piece of bread in his paw and biting it, but in lifting a cup of water to his mouth and drinking as naturally as anybody. The animal is christened Bill Johnson, and his master, Sandy Johnson, calls him "Brother Bill." The last reports on the subject of immigration, show that the number of immigrants who have arived in the United States, from the time of the establishment of the Government to the close of the year 1872, to have been as follows: Previous to 1820, estimated, 150,000; from 1821 to 1830, 152,820; from ; 1831 to 1840, 599,125; from 1841 to 1850, \ 1,713,251; from 1851 to 1860, 2,597,214; j from 1861 to 1870, 2,491,209; during the year 1871, 367,789; during the year 1872, j 438,040 ; making a grand total of 8,620,452. j The indications thus far are that the arrivals i during the current year will fully equal j those of last year, the foreign born population ; of the country being thereby increased by nearly 500,000, souls. The past week has been prolific of sui-! cides, homicides and casualties. We note a j few. Thomas Woodson, a son of Governor ! Woodson, of Missouri, shot and killed Wil-1 ? i t> : 1 i nam JLSarJOW, 111 a comneiu near jreruivui Station, Iowa. R. T. Dunn, U. S. Deputy Marshal at Corinth, Mississippi, was shot through a window while in bed and killed. John C'urtin shot a man named Johnson in San Francisco. Henry A. Player shot and killed George Smith in Costa county, California. The murdered bodies of John Wentz and his wife were discovered in a cellar in New York. Oscar Mills, an assistant engineer in the United States Navy, was acci-! dentally shot and killed in Pennsylvania, by j Sidney Major, who fired at a hawk. Lair-1 dum Tintelerate, a German cigar dealer, com-1 mitted suicide in Jersey City. Mrs. Wer- J temberg, of Detroit, Michigan, was poisoned by a son-in-law, who wanted her property. Melvin Duff, who had married the daughter of a Mr. Miller in Saint Louis, againt the wish of Miller, quarreled with his father-in-1 law and ended the dispute by killing him. j John Bowen, while carrying a child down a flight of stairs in New York, fell, and both i were killed. In Brooklyn Peter Gray beat i his father and left him lying on the sidewalk ; insensible. William Clark, a merchant at j Cowles Station, Ga., was shot and killed by ! a man who had an old grudge against him. An Indian shield is a rare curiosity. The red warrior prefers, like the modern sol- i dier, to fight with limbs unencumbered. It is probable that shields and spears were at one time in common use among the Western Indians, as among uncivilized uations of other quarters of the globe. The introduction of powder and ball has, however, made the shield comparatively useless. They are still occasionally to be met with though not as common as when Catlin sketched with unequalled fidelity the manners and customs of Dakota tribes. Among the Southwestern Indians, more particularly the Coraanches, i shields are in general use, being efficient to fend off theMexican spear. The editor of the Byrnn (Texas) Appeal describes one taken in a fight in March last. The shield was an exact circle, eighteen inches in diameter. The body wasa3 stiff and unyielding as a board and five times as tough. It was made of the thick hide of the buffalo's neck, thorougly dried, and almost as impenetrable as iron. On one side it was decorated with fancy belting and strings for use and ornament; the other had a covering of fancy buckskin, stained with different colors, ornamented with beautiful feathers, the tail of a civet cat, and a young woman's scalp. $he fJarMle (frttqutrcr. YORKVlLiLE, S. C.s THURSDAY MORNING, AUG. 21, 1S73. Watch the Figures.?The rfuteon the "addresslabel" shows the time to which the subscription is paid. If subscribers do not wish their papers discontinued, the date must be kejd in advance. Cash.?It must be distinctly understood that our terms for subscription, advertising and jobwork, are cash, in advance JOB PRINTING. Having determined to devote more attention hereafter to job printing than we have done in the past, we would inform the public that our office is now well supplied with new type of the latest styles, and the best machinery in use; and with a choice stock of inks, cards, papers, &c., we are prepared to execute as good work as can be done anywhere in the United States. Orders for Ball Tickets, j Freight Billheads, Bank Notices, I Labels, Bonds and Coupons, ; Law Blanks, Bill Heads, jLaw Briefs, Business Cards, ! Letter Circulars, Certificates of Deposit, j Letter Headings, Certificates of Stock, (Memorandum Billheads Checks, ' .Note Circulars, Deposit Tickets, Note Headings, Drafts and Notes, Programmes, Envelopes, Policies, Fired: Life Ins., Election Tickets, Shinplastcrs, Festival Tickets, Wedding Cards, will receive prompt attention, and satisfaction as to quality of work, guaranteed in every instance. Particular attention given to fine work in colors. OUR CONDITION AND DUTY. To any one who has observed the way things have been drifting for the last six years, it is evident that the southern country will never be able to compete successfully with the other sections of the Union, until a complete and thorough change is effected. The elements of recuperation iu the soil and climate of the southern section are abundant; but until they are properly applied and a change brought about, all the natural advantages we possess will avail us but little. It seems to be useless to tell our people again, that they are a common prey to all sections of the country. This has been done over and over, and yet no one 3eems to be impressed with the fact. No one seems to be doing anything to rescue the country from a system of slavery, galling and oppressive. Our planters seem to be insensible of the fact that the majority of them are toiling, year after year, to feed and enrich northern manufacturers and speculators. White aud black are kept in a state but little better than slavery by these monopolies. Amongst these, there is coucert of action. Everything is done by rings ; but amongst the southern people there is no concert of action. Our mental energies are expended in concocting little and belittling political schemes, aud our pecuniary resources are wasted in putting these schemes in operation, whilst others are enjoying the fruits of our labor. Year after year the proceeds of the cotton crop makes its way out of the South into the large cities of the North and West. These sections are growing rich, while the South is barely living. The declaration is constantly made that there never was such a time to make money at the South as the present. This is true. Money is made easily at the South, but it is impossible to keep it. It all goe3 for calico and muslin, shoes aud stockings, coats and pants, vests aud shirts, plows and hoes, spades and axes. In one word, we have to buy everything, from the bed we sleep on to the nails which fasten down the lid 011 the coffin in which we are buried. We may talk about independence, but it is all nonsense. The sun does not shine on a more dependent people than those of the South. If any individual takes umbrage at this assertion let him reflect for a moment, before he gives vent to his wrath. Let him be sure that the clothing he wears arm the toon he eats are home production. It does seem that this deplorable state of things might be remedied. Surely, with the vast natural resources which the southern people possess, they might control something. If a change was effected which would enable our people to retain the proceeds of one cotton crop in our midst, it would place the South amongst the moneyed nations of the world. Dollars would be counted by the hundreds of millions. If a plan was adopted which would secure to the South one half of the clear gains from the cotton crop, the amount would be more than doubled. Land, in the South, instead of being fabulously cheap, would be fabulously dear. A system of improvement.would be inaugurated which would soon place the South amongst the j most advanced nations of the earth. To effect this change, nothing more is requisite ; than the permanent establishment of manu-1 factories to work up the raw material. This j is not selfish. It is morally right, and it is,; ?_ - : rn,? iu a pecuniary puiut vn view, uui uuty. mv establishment of manufactories would not decrease the amount of cotton produced. On J the contrary, it would have a tendency to in- j crease it very greatly. The only question to be decided is, is the establishing of manufactories practical ? In other words, can the thing be done ? We believe it can. A compauy of men can be j formed that are able to furnish all the funds required. Such companies can be organized in various sections of the South. By such J companies, we candidly believe, large profits could be made, and the general good greatly advauced. Sometimes, we feel convinced that the South will be extensively engaged in manufacturing, but the southern people may let the period of their engagiug iu it pass, and others may engage in it and make themselves still richer I at our expense. SOUTH CAROLINA NEWS. ? Nine daily passenger trains regularly depart from and arrive in Columbia. ? Several of our State exchanges note the fact of having seen open bolls of cotton. ? Governor Moses has appointed Joseph Clark a Trial Justice for Lancaster county. ? One of Judge Mackey's children died at Chester on Sunday last. ? Laurens has voted in favor of a county subscription of $400,000 to the Laurens and Asheville Railroad, by a majority of 691, ? An amateur gardner at Blackville has raised a cabbage which weighs ten pounds and six ounces. ? Col. B. G. Yocum, Sheriff of Chester, has returned from a visit to Canada and the Northern States. ? William Mishaw, colored, of Columbia, has been appointed a route agent on the Charlotte, Columbia and Augusta railroad. ? Three bales of cotton were sold in Spartanburg last week, the aggregate weight of which was 2,100 pounds. ?The session of the Circuit Court for Lancaster county, which was to have convened on Monday of hist week, has been postponed by Judge Mackey until the 20th of October. ? The Chester Reporter of last week mentions that th'e militia company at that place has been furnished with arms by the Governor. ? Captain Martin M. Wolfe, formerly conductor on the Charlotte, Columbia and Augusta Railroad, has resigned his position on that road and accepted a similar position on \ the Air-Line road. . ? Judge Thad. C. Andrews, the regular Republican nominee and proprietor of the Union-Herald, has been elected Senator from Orangeburg, over Benjamin Byas, colored, a bolter, by a large majority. ? The death of Senator Ford has already created a stir among the politicians of Fairfield county, and an active campaign for his ' L-tf it. 1 ] _ place was going ou ueiurt; me uuuy ux wie dead Senator was put beneath the earth. ? Greenville has produced three cotton stalks which carry off the palm. They had 280, 257 and 325 bolls respectively. The cotton was raised by Mr. G. W. King, of Chick Springs Township. ? A daughter of Mr. Joseph Rataree died in Fairfield county, recently, from a disease somewhat similar to the yellow fever; black vomit being one of the symptoms. A second daughter was ill with the same disease. ? The Graniteville operatives, with the exception of forty or fifty, have struck in consequence of the superintendent having decided on monthly instead of serai-monthly payments. The Superintendent has decided not to accede to the demands of the strikers. ? The Lancaster Ledger of last week, says: "Within the last two weeks, three attempts have been made to burn the Court House at this place. In each instance the fire died out of itself before doing any considerable damage. The building is now guarded at night by watchmen. The supposition is, that the person who made the attempts wishes to destroy the records in the clerk's office." ? The Working Man, a weekly paper heretofore published by Rev. Til man R. Gaines in Columbia, has been consolidated with The South, a large eight-page weekly, devoted exclusively to the interests of the Southern States, and issued from New York city. Mr. Gaines, the proprietor of the Working Man, becomes one of the managers of The South, and will establish at once a branch office in Columbia, from which The South will be sent out weekly to the patrons of the Working Man. ? John Heart, Esq., who was well known in former years, as connected with the Charleston Mercury, died lately on board the steamship Charleston, on her passage from Charleston to New York. During the war, Mr. Heart served as special agent of the Confederate Post Office Department. Since 1865, he has been engaged in journalism in Memphis ; was Private Secretary to Gov. Scott, in Columbia, and more recently, has been an employ^ of the Government Printing Office, at Washington. ? Rock Hill, says the Lantern, now has in full operation, and all doing a thriving business, eleven dry goods stores, one drug store, and another in contemplation; one jewelry store, four bar-rooms and restaurants, one confectionery, one furniture store, one boot and shoe shop, a barbershop, one hotel, and two private boarding houses ; one livery and sale stable, one carriage and .buggy manufactory and numerous other little industries which will in time become of great importance. Her merchants are all business men?energetic, honest and accommodating?and to them principally is the place indebted for its prosperity. It is blessed with three churches, the pulpits of which are filled by intelligent and christian gentlemen, and who are listened to by attentive and interesting audiences. And Rock Hill does not hide her light under a bushel, for the Lantern sheds its rays over valley, hill and mountain and keeps the road to prosperity continuallaly illuminated. NORTH CAROLINA NEWS. ? The fence law was rejected in every county where voted on. ? A large black eagle was killed near Raleigh on Monday. ? Gaston county reports good seasons and good crops of cotton and corn. ? A negro named Hardy Jones was hung in Newborn on the 8th instant for the crime of murder committed in February, 1872. mi _ /n i.ii. r\l 1 ? 1 lie vnariuue i/uscrrcr/ icuina turn, iuok has taken hold of cotton in some parts of that county. ? Work has been commenced on the western division of the Carolina Central railway, between Buffalo and Shelby. ? John J. Snider recently died in the Iredell poor house at the advanced age of 106 years. ? The list of premiums of the ensuing State Fair has been issued. The list embraces $10,000 in premiums. ? On Tuesday of last week two little boys, whose names are not given, fell off a wagon near Greensboro and were killed. ? Miss Minnie Eddins, of Yorkville, was! one of the principal performers iu a concert j given at Greensboro last week in aid of the . Oxford Orphan Asylum. ? A new mail route from Greeusboro to Joncsboro, the present terminus of the Fayetteville railroad is projected and meets the favor of Col. Long, special mail agent for the State. ? D. A. Johnson, a house painter formerly of Charlotte, fell from the scaffolding of a bnnsp whieh he was naintinc at Durham, last week, and was seriously, though not fatally injured. I ? The first bale of cotton ever raised in Alamance county is reported by the Greensboro | State as having been picked, ginned and | packed week before last, and sold in Graham at 18 cents per pound. ? Floyd Oxendine, a peaceable colored man of Robeson county, was shot on Monday of | last week while going to his field. The jury I of inquest returned a verdict that according to the evidence he was shot by one John Dial ? The Charlotte Observer reports a figh ; that occurred in that town the other day be i tween Hugh L. Peters, a U. S. Revenue offi ' ci^and P. L. Jordan. Peters was knockec j down with a chair and badly beaten on thi face. ! ? The Rutherford Record learns that R. A Shotwell, who was sentenced to six years ir the Albany penitentiary has been pardoned bj the President. There is now remaining in tin Albany penitentiary but one prisoner convict ed as a ku-klux in North Carolina?Amoi Owens?and the Cleveland Banner has reasor i -i? ii i i -MI i i ? 10 ueneve mai ne win oe puruuuuu wumu c few weeks. ? It is believed that the fate of Col. C. C Tew, of the 1st N. C. Regiment, has at las! been discovered. Capt. J. B. Bean, of thf 15th Regiment U. S. A., has in his possessiot a silver cup, the inscription upon which show: that it was presented to Col. Tew. The Cap tain states that he procured it from a soldiei who took it from the saddle of Col. Tew't horse at the battle of Sharpsburg. The sol dier says Col. Tew was buried on the field near the spot where he fell. NEWS OF^THE DAY. ? The election in Kentucky on the 4th resulted largely in favor of the Democrats. ? Gen. Barriuger, of North Carolina, is al White Sulphur Springs, Va., seriously ill. ? Texas papers say that a full crop of cotton will be made in the northern portion oi that State. ? Twenty-one women aud girls, while gathering berries near Scran ton, Pa., sought refuge in a shanty from a storm. Two were killed by lightning and seven seriously shocked. ? Ben. Butler has written a lengthy letter defending the Congressional salary grab, to which Congressman Hoar, of Massachusetts, has written a denunciatory reply. ? General Sheridan reports to Washington that a serious battle was recently fought in the south-west part of Nebraska between the Pawnee and Sioux Indians, in which the Pawnees were defeated with heavy loss. ? The Maine Democratic State Conven tion, last week adopted resolutions identically the same as those of the recent Ohio Convention, the gist of which we published at the time. ? A heavy rain storm. prevailed last week in various States north of "Virginia. At Philadelphia the rainfall exceeded seven inches. Railroad travel was impeded and much damage done to property. ? The investigation of the burning of the steamboat Wawasset shows that the origin of the fire is unknown. Officers and crew are reported as having performed their duties, and are exonerated from blame. The deaths by the disaster reach eighty-four. ? The farmers of Champaign county, Illinois, have put their theories and co-operative plans into practice, having obtained license from the State to act in a corporate capacity. They have clubbed together, and have just sent nineteen car loads of corn to market on their own account, and by this operation they expect to save $500. They intend to forward their whole crop in this way. A large convention was held recently by the farmers in Champaign, and an independent ticket nominated. EDITORIAL INKLINGS. The Cheraw and Chester Railroad. The Union-Herald says : "On the 13th a well attended meeting waa held in the town hall at Cheraw, in the interest of the Cheraw and Chester Railroad. Ways and means for furthering the prospects of the road were discussed by Mr. J. A. Hasseltine, President of the road. State Senator T. C. Dunn, President of the Little River and Cheraw Road, B. D. Townsend, President of the Cheraw and Darlington Road, State Senator G. W. Duvall, Representative M. J. Hough and others, each in turn showing the advantages of a connecting line with the Atlantic coast line, de1 ?1 - D xl i! veioping me resources ui tue euuuties uiuug the several lines, reductions of freights, etc. Resolutions were passed calling a meeting of the citizens of the county on the 3rd of September, for the purpose of applying to the county commissioners to take steps to submit the matter of a liberal county subscription to a vote of the people, and requiring the municipal authorities of Cheraw to call a meeting of the citizens, with the view of a subscription by that town." Railroad Meeting at Abbeville. A railroad convention met in Abbeville on Wednesday of last week, in which delegates were present from eight counties of South Carolina?viz: Oconee, Pickens, Anderson, Abbeville, Edgefield, Aiken, Barnwell and Beaufort, and representatives were also in attendance from Greenville, Tennessee, and from North Carolina. Gen. McGowan, of Abbeville, was called to the chair. He*stated the object of the meeting to be the connection by railroad of Chicago, Illinois and theSouth Atlantic seaboard. A committee having been appointed to propose business for the convention, two reports were submitted. The first, by the Chairman, Hon. J. P. Reid, of Anderson, proposed, after crossing the Blue Ridge, to run the road by way of Walhalla, Pendleton, Anderson, Abbeville and Dorn's Mine, thence to Augusta by the proposed Greenwood and Augusta Road, or via Edgefield and Aiken to Allendale, on the Port Royal Railroad, the route below Dorn's Mine to be determined by the material aid offered by the two points. The other report advocated substantially the same route, but leaving Augusta out entirely. The first report was ably sustained by Hon. J. P. Reid in behalf of the up-country delegations, and strenuously opposed by Edgefield, A:,cen, Barnwell and Beaufort. Major W. T. Gary, of Edgefield, offered an amendment to the second report, that the road run by Edgefield and Aiken, thence to Augusta by the most practicable route, which, with the report, was adopted. "Oar Duty in the Future." The Newberry Herald (Conservative) has a long and pungent article upon the duty of the Conservative party in this State. The Herald urges the people to draw instruction from the lessons of the past. It says : "The lessons that we derive to-day from the events of the last few years is this, that it is our duty, and that we can thus do more service to the State, to abstain from all participation in politics, and devote our best efforts to increasing our material wealth, developing the resources of the State, and adding to our intellectual and moral resources by the cultivation of art and science and religion. There is a masterly inactivity which husbands its resources, bides its time and waits with the patience that God uses in His dealings with the world, for that moment when the clock of doom shall strike. Then the inactivity becomes an activity which is irresistible. Such a future is before us if we are worthy. It is in our power to succeed with a lasting success if we keep steadily before our eyes that goal, to which the path of industry and virtue always tends. But if, after all, it should turn out that by his course of "masterly" inactivity we should never he able to rescue the State I from the hands of the 9poiler, you may then . i be 9iire of one thing, that, the State having t! died as to all true life, the last semblance of ! power will be taken from it, and the State . ! Government will cease to exist. This end , " [ can only be prevented by our probity and in1 I dustry, by increasing our wealth and prosper- : 51 ity, by a stern and unflinching devotion to ; I correct principle." . The New Fifty-cent Note. i j A new fifty-cent note, to take the place ( r of the issue now in circulation, is being rapid} j ly prepared and will soon be ready. No oth -1 er new issues of fractional currency will be }! made for the present?the new fifty-cent note i beiug prepared on account of the numbers of I > I ?rii.i j , * UUUlllUI 1U113 Hi I LI It L UCliUllJlllilLiUIl I1UW 1U Wit" ? culation. The following is a description of . the new note: 11 It will be about a quarter of an inch shorter 3! than that now in circulation, and a quarter i | of an inch wider. Its dimensions beiug three 3; and three-quarter inches long, by two inches I wide. On the face of the note, left hand side, is a vignette head of Samuel Dexter, who was Secretary of the Treasury in 1801, and a J former Governor of the State of Massachusetts. * On the right of the note is a section of geora1 etrical lathe work, with the words "fifty cents" in white letters, engraved across the face. The "story" or lettering on the note is the same as on the present issue, with the exception of . the words "receivable for all United States stamps," at the bottom of the old note which . are omitted on the new one. The seal is printed in the centre of the face, and is enclosed in cycloidal work, a new fea1 ture upon fractional currency. The back of * the note which will be printed in New York will be in green. It is made up of geometrical . lathe work and scrolls. On the right hand , corner the word cents, found on the old note, is omitted, and the numeral 50, takes the place. The date of the passage of the act authorizing the issue is omitted from the face of ' the new notes, and put upon the back. On i the left hand side of the back there is an open space to show the fibre in the paper, and it will not be shown on the face as much as on the old note. The State Bond Cases. , Regarding the probability of a tax levy being ordered by the Supreme Court to meet g .i , a .i . . n 11 _ 1 J i . tne payment 01 tnac portion or tne Donaea t debt alleged to be fraudulent, the Columbia j correspondent of the Charleston News and Courier learns from what he deems a reliable f source that "the chief Justice has expressed ^ the opinion that the court has never contem- j plated the idea of ordering the tax levy; cer- j tainly not without an investigation into the amount and validity of the outstanding bonds, c and that it was not probable that the decision would be filed for some time. The court, it is said, has never adjourned since April term, but has only taken a recess; therefore the sixty days, within which they are required to file their decision, have not yet commenced to i run." 8 Upon the same subject the News and Cou- t rier remarks editorially : t "Chief Justice Moses has been credited, g from the first, with a fixed repugnance to any action which might saddle upon the people . the payment of a fraudulent debt; Justice Willard is supposed to be equally firm in his 1 couviction that the tax-levy, demanded by the f New York speculators, should be granted; I Justice Wright is uncertain. It seems reason- s able, therefore, to suppose that the decision ] will be postponed for some time. Indeed, it r is quite likely that the court will keep the matter under advisement until the meeting of I the General Assembly, which body may en- 1 deavorby summary legislation upon the debt question to relieve the court from embarrass- \ ment. The people would prefer to see the jwhole matter of the debt investigated by authority of the Supreme Court of the State. q Such an investigation will, by hook or by crook, be had. It is a pity that it cannot be- f gin at once." h Origin of the Song "Dixie's Land." v Prof. L. Von Meyerhoff, a musician of e extensive reputation, gives the following account of the true origin of the favorite south- e ern song "Dixie": n t i~T ? ? A tn'nU A rt n.Ail n w.rtAtlf lllnoiAfl V\ 11 f t ? UU IJUL >VJ5U tu spun n pict/tjr uiuoiuuj uuu the real truth is, that 'Dixie' is known among all great composers in Germany, as an indig- e enous northern refrain. It was, seventy-five li years ago, one of the every-day allusions of ^ the New York boys in all their out-door s sports. And no one ever heard of Dixie's . Land being other than Manhattan Island until recently, when it has. been erroneously sup- 31 posed to refer to the South from its connection v with pathetic negro allegory. When slavery existed in New York, one "Dixy" owned a tl large tract of land on Manhattan Island and g a large number of slaves. The increase of the slaves, and the increase of the abolition sentiment caused an emigration of the slaves ll to more thorough and secure slave sections; a and the negroes who were thus sent off (many n being born there) naturally looked back to their old homes, where they had lived in s clover, with feelings of regret, as they could D not imagine any place like 'Dixy's.' n "Thence, it became synonymous with an ideal locality, combining ease, comfort, and c material happiness of every description. In t those days negro singing and minstrelsy were t! in their infancy, and any subjects that could y be wrought into a ballad were eagerly picked up. This jwas the case with 'Dixie.' It rj originated in New York, and assumed the proportions of a song there. In its travels it has been enlarged, and has 'gathered moss.' * It has picked up a 'note' here and there. A ^ 'chorus'has been added to it; and, from an ii indistinct 'chant' of two or three notes, it D has become an elaborate melody. But the fact that it is not a Southern song 'cannot be j3 rubbed out.' The fallacy is so popular to the contrary, that I have tnu3 been at pains to a state the real origin of it." a Superstition of Georgia Negroes. ? Rev. I. S. K. Legare, of South (Jaroli- u na, a Missionary of the American Sunday- 1 school Union, describes the following scene in Georgia, which he witnessed. He says of the c negroes who live in the malarial parts of that State: t They now carry on their religious worship 3 by themselves, aloof from the white people, c and the greatest part of their services consists j1 in singing and sometimes in running round in a kind of dance, with clapping of hands and loud acclamations. They are exceedingly fond of singing and all kinds of music, and they do indeed sing very feelingly, and some- r times very thrillingly. But they are really in c need of plain and sensible teaching in the sim- t pie truths and principles of our blessed gospel. Let me tell you what I witnessed on Sun- c day afternoon at a place where I had heard t that great numbers of them were accustomed a to collect for religious exercises, and where I j p called to arrange, if practicable, for organizing rr a Sunday school among them. Coming sud-11 denly upon them I witnessed a scene that f i grieved me to my heart. A large crowd of them were dancing in a circle round a young j t woman dressed in the oddest and most flaring j v colors, in the most fantastic style, having on j c ; her head a red striped bandana handkerchief: I set up like a turban, only the four corners ' e stood out like towers of horns. As they i e i danced round her, an old man, who seemed to 11: I I xl. J T n ffAwmo 1 no r IUfcJ ineir lUUUCi) auu nuu x anci naiu i^uiuv/u , j claimed to be a conjurer, would step up be-1 f : hind and touch the statuary maid and then ; s start back with a mournful lament, when the ! 1: j crowd would clap their hands and cry aloud, j d 1 During this excitement, the woman would 1 i! whoop and yell, jumping and running round ! ? i until exhausted, and falling down in a state I ] , of torpor. : t I stopped them and told them that God was c i not honored by such worship. I learn that this fetish worship is quite common among f i some of them. [ LOCAL AFFAIRS. ??? NEW ADVERTISEMENTS. Alexander Glass, Administrator?Application for Discharge, riios. 8. Neely?Fair Warning. Darr it Osteon, Sumter, S. C.?The True Southron. S. M. Scott?Executor's Notice. John G. Enloo, Auditor?The Tax on Cotton, r. S. Jetferys, Intendant?Town Ordinance. PERSONAL. Captain John C. B. Smith, the Assistant 0'nshier of 'the Citizen's Savings Bank, in n i 1 ?- _ __ _ ooiummu, 19 on a visit 10 luravijie. THE RAILROAD SURVEY. On Tuesday last, the Surveyors of the Chester and Lenoir Narrow Gauge Railroad, who ire now engaged in locating the permanent line, had reached a point in the vicinity of Drowder's Creek, about thirteen miles distant from Yorkville. We have not been able to ;et any defiuite particulars in regard to the route selected, further than that the survey ias demonstrated that the road can be built it a comparatively small cost. THE TAX ON COTTON. The attention of tax payers, who were in possession of cotton on the first of July last, s directed to the advertisement of the Audi;or, iu another column of to-day's paper. He ias been furnished with the names of a number of persons who are alleged to be delinquent 11 their returns, and he proposes to investigate ill such cases. Persons who, though ignorant if the requirements of the law, have failed to nake proper returns, will be afforded an opportunity of correcting the omission. ABUNDANCE OF RAIN. For the past eight or ten days this irameliate section has been visited by several heavy ains, amounting almost to storms. A heavy ain on Sunday afternoon at this place and extending several miles in a north-east direc,ion, was accompanied by heavy wind, thuni Jii-L..!.. TI . . j ier uuu Jiguuuiig. xne e&ieui> ui unmagc miicted iu the country we have been unable to iscertain, though we learn much of the corn vas blown flat to the ground, trees broken and encing demolished. In this place lightning truck in the yard of Mr. Fayssoux's residence, )ut fortunately no damage was done, further ,han the shattering of a tree near the house. On the afternoon following, a steady rain ell here for more than an hour, and we learn hat a few miles north of town the rain fell n torrents, and the wind and lightning were errific. Correspondence of the Yorkville Enquirer. LETTER FROM "PENNSYLVANIA. McKean County, Pa., Aug. 14, 1873. In this, and the Ave adjoining counties, there ire the flnest tracts of hemlock timber in the Jnited States. Hemlock is a quality of tira>er that you do not have in South Carolina, o far as I have observed, although you would >e better off* if you did have it, in lieu of much hat you have. Hemlock grows tall and traight, with thick, coarse bark, and the bulk >f limbs near the top. At a distance it looks ike pine, and, indeed, is a speeies of coarse >ine. The bark is valuable for tanning pur)oses, being worth six or eight dollars a cord, lemlock lumber is used in all rough work, uch as barns, stables, sidewalks and bridges. 1/ately it is more worked into houses than ormerly, owing to the growing scarcity of >ine. It is now worth about ten dollars a housaud. I have been in nearly every State of the Jnion, but I never saw a finer timber pros>ect than right here in North-western Pennylvania. The forests of hemlock are grand. ?he trees are so straight, so tall, so graceful in heir motion before the wind, so noble. They aspire one, aud puny man feels insignificant fhen buried in the dark recesses of these forsts. I am not sure but that these extensive forsts have something to do with cooling the ataosphere. To-day is one of the warmest of he season, but the mercury marks only 76. hear people complaining of the heat, but I nter no complaint myself. Every breath is a uxury. The cool breezes playing with the all hemlocks come to one's lungs laden with weetness and perfume. The reader should ear in mind that this is the most northern ection of Pennsylvania, and, owing to its eleation and forests, the coolest. But if thepeople do have delicious summers, hey pay for them roundly in winter. The reat law ofcompensation governs in this as in ther matters. We are, none of us, allowed i plant ourselves down on an acre of ground nd call it paradise. Something will be the latter with it. The traveler, in journeying through Pennylvania, is struck with the rapid advancelent of the people in material prosperity. ?hey are growing richer rapidly. The last ensus throws light on this subject, showing hat Pennsylvania jumps ahead in wealth at he rate of about sixty millions of dollars a ear. The Pennsylvanians are workers, not idlers, 'he majority of the men of the State put in en hours of each day in digging wealth from he soil, and hence the rapid accumulation. Vealth can be created in no other way. Gold a its first analysis is sweat. The man who aakes two blades of grass grow where one ;rew before, is, after all, the greatest benefacor. We are so apt to lose sight of this?so pt to look down upon the humble producer nd up to the aristocratic, but useless consumr. I mean the consumer who does not proluce anything. The negro who raises from he soil a bale of cotton is more useful to the oraraunity and the world than the income dler who fares sumptuously every day aud ounts the idle hours as they pass. I have no patience with the raaudling senimpnf whioh frowns unon the useful, and miles upon the useless. Let us measure a nan according to his works, and if he does lot work we will not measure him at all, for ie is not worth it. Nemo. THE COTTON CROP. Reports from the following States have been eceived by the New Orleans Cotton Exhange, which show the condition of the crop o the 10th of August: Mississippi.?Letters received from forty lounties. The weather has been less favoraile than last year. The rain caused the .bandonment of some lands. The plant is retorted well formed and boiled. A few corespondents report damage from caterpillar, leports in regard to the area planted indicate ally as large if not better than last year. Louisiana.?The condition of the crops in his State is about an average, but picking vill be fully two weeks later than last season, omraencing about the 10th of September, rifty letters were received from thirty parishs. The majority of our reports complain of xcessive rains, and represent the weather as ! laving been less favorable than last year. The >lant is generally represented as being well ruited, though we have some complaints of, bedding. The worms are reported, but they lave done little or no damage. The area un-' ler culture is estimated to be about equal to ! ast season. Most of our correspondents give September 1 as the time that picking will' >robahlv commence, or sav two weeks later I han last year. The general condition of the : rop is represented as being good. Texas.?Fifty-one letters were received rora forty-two counties. Most of our corres- j indents complain of too much rain, though I I the season will compare favorably with last ; year. The great majority represeut the plant [ well formed and boiled. A few counties only j report damage from the army worms, though their appearance is generally spoken of throughout the State. The area under culture at this date shows a marked increase over last year. The condition is represented : as good, though backward, and picking will j not begin until September 1; say three weeks later than last year. Arkansas.?Forty-nine letters have been received from thirty-three counties. The j weather is reported dry and rather more faI vorable than last year. The plant, though small, is well formed and boiled; the same area is under cultivation as last year. Picking will not be general before September 20. 'pl- : ti : lnt: cuuuiwuii is a loir average uxie. xiiere ^ I are no reports of worms. | Tennessee.?Thirty-five reports have been received from twenty-five counties. The majority of reports are favorable in regard to the weather, as compared with last year, and represent that the plant is well formed and boiled. The area under cultivation shows a marked increase over last season. No worms are reported, except in one county. The condition of the crops is decidedly promising. Picking will commence about the middle of September. Alabama.?We have thirty-two letters from thirty counties. Most of our correspondents represent the weather as having been propitious and rather more favorable than last season. The plant is unanimously represented as fruiting remarkably well by appearance. The array worm is reported in seventeen counties, but no damage has been done thus far, except in the county of Marengo. The area under cultivation is about equal or possibly a better average than last year. Picking will be general in this State by tbe .-M beginning of September?say about a week later than last year. The indication is generally represented as good and promising. North Carolina.?Sixty-one letters received from forty-five counties. The weather has been more propitious than last year?in fact, is all that could be desired, and the plant is rpnrpsented as wflll fnrmad nnrl hnllcxl "Wn report of worms. The area under cultivation is larger than last year, and the condition is unanimously reported as promising. The picking will not be general before September 15, against September 1 last year. South Carolina.?Twenty-two counties send in thirty-two reports. The weather has been generally seasonable, as much so as that of last year, causing the plant to grow finely and to boll well. The average snows some increase over last season. Neither boll or army worm is reported in any instance. Picking will probably be commenced in the early part of September. The general condi- ( tion is good. Georgia.?Ninety-seven letters have been. M received from seventy-eight counties. The weather has been generally favorable for the growth of the plant, and the improvement noticed in our last report has been continued? allowing planters to some extent to regain the delay experienced in the spring. The season is reported as comparing favorably with last year, with very few exceptions. The plant, though small, is represented as fruiting remarkably well. The army worm has made its appearance in seventeen counties, but in only limited force, and no damage has been done. The area under cultivation exceeds that of last year. The general condition of the crop is reported as being flattering. Only seven of the letters show complaint, while all others represent the crop as good, very good and excellent. Picking will be general on September 1, against the 25th, last year. Florida.?From this State, we have received but three answers to our inquiries. They complain of perpetual rains, though re porting the plant well formed and boiled, and the condition of the crop is equal to last year's. Caterpillars made their appearance through* out this State, without, however, causing damage. In regard to the average, views differ from no increase, compared with last season, to four and five per cent. more. Picking will 4 commence same time as last year?from the 15th to the 20th of August. THE OJOPS. Union County.?The crops in this county have very much improved in appearance lately, but we regret to state that the rust has appeared on the cotton in many sections. We have had many good rains, and the cotton plant is very full of bolls, but there are many dangers yet to overcome, before we can be sure of the crop. Corn has improved materially the past month, but we do not think that more than half a crop can possibly be made.?Times. Fairfield County.?It is safe to say that the corn crop has proved at least a partial failure, and in some localities a total failure. The causes that have contributed to produce the disastrous result are manifold. In bottom lands, where corn was planted early, continuous rains in the latter part of the spring checked its growth, and greatly retarded its reaching a healthy status. When it had recovered from the check thus received dry seasons ensued, and the hot rays of the sun soon parched up the stalk previously rendered ** rank by an excess of moisture. Where corn was planted late it was seriously injured by a long drought in the latter part of July. That which was put in the ground very early on uplands, where it has been well cultivated, will yield a very fair crop, generally speaking, though it has turned out very badly, and many of our farmers assert that they never intend to attempt its cultivation again, believing that it is to their interest to play the role of slave to "KingCotton" almost exclusively, even though they have to buy their bread hundreds of miles away. The prospects for a good yield of cotton are by no means flattering, though it will average better than corn. I think that this year's yield in this county will fall short of the yield of last year fully one-fourth, and may possibly reach one-third. Where cotton has been ii i i *111 i well wonted an average crop win do maae, but in some sections whole fields were thrown out several weeks ago on account of an abundance of grass, which the laborers could not control. In other localities it has only been half worked and consequently will turn out poorly. In some portions of this county no rain has fallen for over eight weeks past, and of course the crops have suffered a great deal, and unless they get rain in a few days will be completely cut off.?Correspondence Charleston News. Lexington County.?The cotton crop in this county, judging from its present condition, will be fully up to last year's. The average is about the same. The season was too wet iu the spring, in consequence of which guanos leached out, and their efficacy, to a considerable extent, has been impaired ; yet for the past eight weeks rains have been so seasonable that the crop is an an excellent one. The corn crop is also a good one.?Cor. Charleston News. The Pickens Sentinel says: "Many say that they have never known cotton as full of fruit as it is this year, and if no disaster befalls it, there will be a larger yield than ever known in this county." Charleston County.?A dispatch from Charleston says that the heavy rains on the coast for the past few days threaten serious injury to the cotton crop. The Kingstree Star reports that the crops in Williamsburg county have improved wonderfully during the past month. The Carolina New Era says that the crops in Spartanburg county are fine and promise remunerative results. The Davie's Will Case.?The first week of the session of the United States District Court, now sitting at Greenville, was almost entirely occupied by the case of W. R. Davie vs. James B. Heyward, ct al. The case involves very large interests and some very nice points of law, and was argued by Messrs. E. McCrady, Jr., Henry Trescot and C. Richard- -4 son Miles for the plaintiff, and Messrs. W. D. Porter and S. P. Hamilton for defendants. The suit arose under the construction of