University of South Carolina Libraries
Straps and partis. The Legislature of Maryland, at its late session, passed a law prohibiting the killing or trapping of robins in Anne Arundel county, under a penalty of 85 for each bird killed, to have effect for two years. A German chemist claims to have discovered that impregnation with a concentrated solution of rock Milt renders all timber fire proof. Furniture can thus be made fire proof and the losses to families in this particular prevented. The nurserymen of Illinois say that the cold weather which coated the limbs and bodies of the trees with ice will cause a heavy crop of fruit this year. They say the ice will kill the bark lice and the eggs of the apple i curculio. i The Iowa House has voteu tosuonni to the people an amendment to the constitution, striking therefrom the word "male." The young members voted for it Miss Spencer, one of the clerks, then reported it to the Sen-, ate, and there was quite an animated scene, j The whole amount contributed last year 1 by Christians of every name for the spread of! the Gospel of Peace among heathen nations is j estimated at about $5,000,000, while the war ; system of Christendom alone cost for the same ; time $2,000,000,000, or 400 times as much. <' v When will nations learn war no more! In Russia the winter has been so tre- J mendous that hundreds of persons have per- j ished of cold; in the great cities. In Poland ! the earth bas split open under the stress of thej i^he&pLon 1 of gunpowder! In Italy the cold has .been j intense. The Savannah Advertiser says that aj^ anti-swearing society has been formed in/fnat city, the members of which fine thprtfselves five cents for every oath they swear during the day. At the end of each week, the sum total of each member's indulgence is paid over to the treasurer of the society, and, at the ex- J piration of a month, the joint accumulation is rlnnntaH srrnip. mihlie charitv. The rite of circumcision is no longer universally practiced among the Jews. Six- i ty-three Jewish physicians of Vienna have published a manifesto against it, and the Rab- j binical Congress at Philadelphia resolved that j the male child of a Jewish woman is,-even if I uncircumcised, by the very fact of />irth a member of the Jewish community. A Michigan woman has recovered by ; law all the money that her husband had spent in a liquor saloon for six years. The prohibi-1 tory'liquor law of that State does not regard j liquor as "property," and the woman recover- j ed the money on the ground that it had been i paid to the liouor vender without consideration. After this verdict gets to be well understood throughout the State, very few men will be found courageous enough to undertake the retail liquor traffic within its limits. ?? The new delegation in Congress from Texas is composed as follows: Senators?Morgan C. Hamilton, born in Alabama, aged 60 vears, and James W. Flanagan, a native of Virginia, 61 years old. Representatives? George W. Whittemore, born m Teunessee in 1824; Wm. T. Clarke, born in Connecticut, June, 1834; Edward Degener, born in Germany, 1809. These gentlemen represent res{>ectively the first, third and fourth districts. In the second district the seat is contested, although it is held by Mr. John Couuor. Under the head of "Aid to the Cottou Planters," a Washington letter says: "The Committee of Ways and Means have agreed to add the following to the free list?machinery manufactured expressly for spinning cotton into yarn may be imported free of duty for twelve months from the passage of this act; provided, that this exemption shall be r limited to the importation for any one mauu^fv?o rn? -i Itinery thnji b; npwssn j ry to operate 10,000 spindles." This has been . done at the urgent appeals of Hon. C. W. Buckley, of Alidiama, in order to aid the test . 'Cf making fine yarns for export and home consumption, instead of sending all cotton and importing the yarn and manufactured cloth. The Alabama planters say that if this indulgence is granted them, thep'feel certain of success in tne competition with England for the export trade in fine soft cottou yarns. To close up the work of reconstruction, however, and of the mighty revolution resulting from the late rebellion, one more act is required?a universal amnesty, wiping out all the pains and penalties, disfranchisements and disabilities on account of said rebellion. It is understood, too, that a message to Congress, recommending this act of amnesty, will probably be the next communication from the President to the two houses. The fourteenth amendment provides that all the disabilities referred to may be removed by a two-thirds vote of each hotise of Congress; and now we suppose that vote will be freely given upon a measure covering all concerned in the rebellion, and investing them with all the rights of i brethren in the Union once more. Such an j act will surelv work like a charm throughout f the South in behalf of law and order; and so now for a universal amnesty.?New York Herald. A statement is made in sonic of the Pennsylvania papers that a citizen of that State has perfected an invention that is destined to effect a complete revolution in the present system of building and running railroads. His plan is to lay four rails instead of two to a single track road ; to build the cars seventeen feet wide, with double sets of wheels. These he proposes to have propelled by double engines of sixty tons, which he says can draw trains containing a thousand passengers each. He claims that both the passenger and freight cars of this construction will weigh five tons less than any two similar cars of the present make ; that there will be no oscillating motion to the trains while running, even at a speed of sixty miles an hour, and that it will be almost impossible to overturn these cars. The inventor has applied for a patent. By this system, he claims that the trip from New York to San Francisco can be made in sixty hours, including all stoppages. The destitution and desolation of great London have some curious illustrations. A woman and her son of five years have for some time been living alone; but recently for several days the child was seen playing about, near the house, with no sign of his mother. Some of the neighbors inquired of the child whether he had had plenty of food during the j week, and he replied that all he had had was what was left in the cupboard, and that there was plenty still remaining there. Upon missing the child's mother, one of the neighbors inquired how she was, and whither she had gone. The little child, with great simplicity, replied, "Mamma is lying in bed, and she will not speak to me, and she is so cold, like a lutnp of ice, when I lay in bed with her." The same person said, "Perhaps she is dead," when the boy replied, "I think so too, for she is so cold, and I can't get her to speak at all." The neighbors, upon entering the room, found the unfortunate creature lying stiff and cold in bed, where she had been dead for two or three days, and the poor child had been lying at her side in bed during that time. A New York letter says: "There is a cessation of hostilities between Stewart and Claflin?a sort of truce, which will probably expire the moment either party takes a notion to renew the fight. Stewart is just now engaged in adjusting to perfect system his immense retail establishment. The new wing at i the corner of Ninth street has been completed, J and was thrown open last Monday. The i whole block, bounded by Broadway and | Fourth avenue, and Ninth and Tenth streets, is now one building, which is probably the 1 ,largest of its kind in the world. Ever since -Stewart removed his retail business from the i i Cfoflabere street house, his heart has been set1 . on. gasping the entire block at Tenth street, and nq>v jthat he has succeeded I hope he is happy. & few days before the completion of the final addition, Mr. Stewart set a good ex-1 ample to property owners generally, by reduc ing his rents all round. The reduction runs from ten up to thirty per cent., and reaches every house he owns in New York. One piece of property belonging to him, however? the New York Theatre?won't go off his hands at all. No manager will touch it, and there is a report that it will soon be torn down and replaced by a building suitable for business. Mr. Stewart will shortly 9et a small army of laborers at work on his Hempstead purchase, and he expects to have the Home for Workingwomen, ou Fourth avenue, com{>leted within a year. It will be one of the argest and most substantial buildings in New York, and probably one of the most useful." egorftviUr $tt<juiw. flAflKSviik? YORKVILL.E. S. C.: THURSDAY MORNING, APRIL 14,1870. Cash.?It must be distinctly understood that our terms for subscription, advertising andjob, work, are cash, in advance.. wr*r"-i X.?The paper will be discontinued cm" the expiI ration of the time fbr wliich payment ban been jstand that the time paid for lias expired. [ / A PETTY ANNOYANCE.^w^ A subscriber in Chester county writes to us | that his paper is frequently borrowed and ! kept a week before he has time to read it, and sometimes without the formality of asking his consent. He desires us to come out with an article "pitching into the man that borrows his neighbor's paper." "Pitching in" is not exactly in our line, as we have very little faith 1u its efficacy. As a general rule, it provokes to active exercise that element of hurnau nature known as resentment, and, though it may gratify others, produces an effect precisely contrary tu that intended upon the person pitched into. But, as the tiling complained of is a serious nuisance to subscribers, we propose; in justice to them, briefly to show what it looks like. When a man subscribes to a paper and pays fbr it, it is reasonable to suppose that he wants it for himself. There are exceptions to ' * ~~~ k' trt if inuf tills, OUt 111 any custr lie una a iigui> w m, juoi as rauch as he has to his horse or his watch. Now when one man regularly borrows a neighbor's property, he fairly earns and usually gets the name of a sponge. If he borrows it without asking for it, he gets the second degree of meanness and is recognized as a swindler. And if he keeps borrowed property, he is liable to the third honorary degree?that of thief. This conferring of titles for the taking of improper liberties with other people's property is universal, except in regard to newspapers, and perhaps umbrellas. Strange to say, there are many persons who would scorn to be dependent on their neighbors for two or three dollars' worth of anything else, and yet see nothing wrong in appropriating first their neighbor?}' papers. These seem to think that their neighbor has got all he is entitled to, when he gets the second reading of his own papers: But we can assure borrowers that subscribers don't think so. They labor under 'the impression that, as they have paid for their read it. And, moreover, though they may say nothing about it, tlfty most assuredly do regard the man who gets the benefit of what their money has paid for, as a sponge of small size but great suction power. Newspaper borrower, read, reflect and reform ! Send on your money, and get a paper you can read without a secret consciousness of defrauding your neighbor. THE EDUCATIONAL BUREAU. Congress has kindly furnished the Southern people with a new argument for looking after the education of the colored race. It is a bill to create an Educational Bureati, to which all the property belonging to the Freedmen's Bureau is to be turned over, and which is to continue the educational work of the Bureau. This bill has already passed the House and will undoubtedly pass the Senate. It bears ou its face a very praiseworthy object?that of educating an ignorant race and qualifying them for the duties of Citizenship. But its real object, the great purpose to be achieved, lies concealed from careless observation. . ,? Al mis is noimng more ur less umu tu scuuic to the Radical party the control of the colored race. Education is to be the mask, concealing a vast and complicated political machine. If the plan succeeds, the Bureau will have the selection of teachers for nme-tenths of the col-, ored schools in the South, and .the first qualification of all such teachers will be loyalty to the Radical party. They will not, probably, be directly required to make politics a part of their teaching, but if they do not use their influence, both with scholars and parents, in favor of the Radical party, they will be displaced by others who are willing to do this. Is it not time for the Southern people to be doing something to counteract this skillfuly arranged plan to alienate the colored race from them forever ? The Radical party are offering the negroes the very thing they desire, and unless the whites of the South are willing to compete with that party in offering facilities for education, it is useless to hope for a coming together of the two races here, on other points. Our people have more to gain and more to lose by the friendship of the colored race, than the Radical party have. The latter work for political power and, whether they win or lose, they are affected only politically. If their conspiracy against the internal good order of the South results in ill-will between the races, riot, bloodshed, or anarchy, what is it to them? Those Radicals who live at the North will only have additional opportunity to plunder the public treasury, on the pretext of suppressing "disloyalty," while ? ??? "rtn rkiol'ot" in t.VlP finilfll Jllld tllUbC wuu aiv vu j^/ivuvif Mav ,?Inrm.j __ consequently keep their baggage in light marching order, can leave On a moment's notice.' But the case is different with the people of the South, both white and colored. All that makes earth dear to them?their property, their friends, their children, their homes and the graves of their dead, are here. So long as the two races remain friendly and have one common political interest, they can make theirs a happy country. But if they are at variance, if the blacks become the tools of another, section, or the whites scornfully refuse to aid in the elevation of their colored fellow citizens, allowing strangers quietly to usurp the position and influence of instructors, there can be no assurance of harmony. It is simply because of the skill with which these interlopers have made the interests of the two races appear antagonistic, aided by the thoughtless prejudice with which both white and colored took up the idea, that the South has been for five years in a constant ferment of political strife. This false idea of an opposition of interests must be exploded, if our people ever get relief from the agitations produced by outsiders, who run no risk by their own deviltry and are utterly indifferent to its consequences upon us. And it is the part of the educated race to accomplish this end, by doing all in their power to give their more ignorant fellow citizens a set of teachers who will labor to allay distrust, instead of exciting it. THE TONTINE INSURANCE CO. We neglected to call attention, last week, to the advertisement of the "Policy Holder's Life and Tontine Insurance Company of the South." This is a new company, which has recently organized and commenced business, under a charter granted at the last s(5ssion of the Legislature. It is conducted on the mutual plan, which is perhaps the most nfftrrrnus to uolicv holders, as they be , o: - A * come stockholders as soon as they insure, and share in the profits of the company. Tht President and Board of Directors are among the most reliable, substantial and successful business men of the State, and their names are a sufficient guarantee that the company it all that it represents itself to- be. ? ? li THE LEGAL TENDER QUESTION. It will be remembered that the Supreme Court of the United States recently decidec the legal tender act to be unconstitutional when applied to debts contracted before tin toassage of the act. The Court was nearly ifcuaUy divided on the AUggtifllLJgMdt^ JsJhly by a majority or one that the Court sus taiued the opinion above-stated ; but the de 9 was made that it is unconstitutional undeNauy circumstances, to make paper mon ey a legal tender for debts which were origi nally payable in specie. But Attorney-General Hoar has called uj the question for a second .argument, doubtlesi encouraged to this course by the fact that twe J new judges have beeu appointed since the de I cision of the Court, both of whom are sup I posed to have been appointed with a view t< their opinions on this point One of these Judge Bradley, before entering upon the du> ties of. his office, is reported to have called s meeting of the Camden <fc Amboy railroad company, for whom he was counsel, and substantially advised them to act as if the decie ion was to be reversed. '" 1 Under these circumstances, the re-opeuihg of the legal tender decision has the appearano* of a political trick. The decision is directi) contrary to the opinion of Congress, and foi that reason alone, if for no other, is not likely to stand. Congress, in addition to many oth er usurpations, wants the final and clinching right to interpret the laws. The Supreme Court was intended as a check upon Congress but the latter body has become restive undei the restraint and fully ihtends to remove it Either the Supreme Court must refuse to make decisions in opposition to the will of Congress or Congress will do away with the Court. The experiment now being tried is to fill up the Supreme bench with men who will throw the whole weight of their position in support o; Congress. If this fails, the other alternative will be tried. ' t With reference to the points involved, the Buffalo Commercial gives the following ab stract of the facts in the case of Latham vs the United States, one of the cases now before the Court: Latham made a contract, before the war \ for building, with the^ Treasury Department fund stipulated for payment in coin. During W \\ T ' nr 11 nil 111 >1 i jiuui would give lutn njothiug else, and so he itook the greenbacks. |Ic now claims the difference. It will be seen that his case falls j if it be held that he discharged the Govern ! ment by hid acceptance of the greenbacks, ana also by the assumption that the Legal Tender could override an express contract to pay in coin. A motion was made by the Attorney General to take up this case, and to have the question of the Legal Tender act re-opened, The Court at first directed the case of Latham vs. the United States to be set for argument; but Mr. Carlisle, who was attorney for Latham, wrote a note stating that, according to his understanding of the original decision, his case was already adjudicated on the point that a contract to pay gold must be satisfied with gold, and all that remained was argument on the point whether by accepting greenbacks his client was concluded. This brings the court to the question whether they will, set aside a decision already given. STATE ITEMS. ?The Guardian says that Governor Scott is now selecting the trial justices of the State ?One of the cabins convicted with the poor house in Chester, was destroyed by fire a few nights ago. An insane woman is supposed to have caused the fire. ? The Courier says: The Pope has.confirmed Rt. Rev. Ignatius Persico, well known in Charleston, Roman Catholic Bishop ol Georgia, with headquarters at Savannah. ? Mr. Robert C. DeLarge, Land Commissioner, has opened an office in Columbia, ovei the store of Mr. John Agnew, jr.. near the State House, and is now ready to transact business. ? The Chesterfield Democrat nominates Henry L. Shrewsbury?an honest and intelligent colored man, born and reared in Charleston, and a member of the Legislature from Chesterfield?for Congress from the first district, in place of Whittemore. ?During the month of March there were shipped from Charleston, by the South Carolina Railroad, 18,260,590pounds of fertilizers, This is equal to about 9180 tons, or 1141 cai toads. At $80 per ton, this amount of fertilizers cost about $730,000. This is doing pretty well for one month. ?The great chicken fight at Columbia, between North and South Carolina, came offlasl week. Twenty-six matches were made up, with $100 on each fight, and $1,000 on the odd. The result was South Carolina thirteen, "^T?*1. C'n.nllno fnwilvo nnft.fiTip drawn fiodifc, -LI Ui Hi VUitViiui* wnv? vv) mmv* v?* -ri-... The "dispute" lasted three days, duriug which time at least 815,000 changed hands. | ? The Savannah News says that 011 Saturday his Honor Judge Schley, of the Superior j Court of Chatham county, granted an injuncj tiou against the Savannah and Charleston j railroad, under the statute of the State oi j Georgia creating mechanics' liens.. The acj tiou arises on a claim of Messrs. McDowell & Callahau, contractors, for work done amounting, it is alleged, to the sum of 826,336.38. 1 ? We learn from the Reporter that a party j of colored men recently tried the efficacy ol the civil rights bill in Henderson's barber ; shop, in Chester. They wanted a shave and, on being refused, had the refractory barber arre&tt!. Very much to their disappointment, however, it was found that he was doing 1 a business which requires no license, and he ' was released without suffering much by his I appearance before "squire" John Lee, colored. ? The Chesterfield Democrat says: "We ' arc informed that a fellow made his appearance in Marlborough the other day, carrying , with him a largo quantity of painted survey, or's pins and -ft measuring line, who told the | negroes he was Whittemore's son, and his fatfler had sent him to lay off', in small tracts, ' some lands he had purchased for them with the proceeds of the cadet-ship. He named the parties from whom the lands were pur chased, but said he ruust have fifteen dollars < for locating each tract, in advance. In this < way he gathered a large sum of money, and having borrowed a suit of clothes, to be re- i turned next Saturday, left his dupes for a i I season. He said his father, the veritable 6. ' ' F., would be along on Saturday, with a large 1 | drove of mules for his admiring constituents." i { ?The Columbia correspondent of the'J?e- \ publican says the organization of the South 1 j Carolina Banking and Trust Company is now ' complete, and business will be commenced on i the 1st proximo. Mr. C. II. Baldwin has ! been elected President and Reuben Tomlin- i ' son appointed temporary cashier, The build- J ing to be occupied is the one now occupied by ' ' the National Bank of that city. A meeting ' of the stockholders and directors will be held J ' on the 1st proximo. ' . ?'! . ] ' ? The Spartan says: For the first lime, the ' ' ' 1 /immaiitoil tn o/lnnt I ' JUriCS 01 '"imriBUUUig UHYC WUOUIvm ?V WUJjy |. ! the rule, which has become the "common law" jl ' of the surrounding districts, of "scaling" debtsj] ! contracted before and during the War. By 5 this rule, ante-war debts are reduced to onehalf of principal and interest, and debts du* ring the war are reduced to the value of tlie i consideration in good money at the^tinte of i I die contract, interest added, and then,' divide, i ? , COySREBglOWAL. ^ On the 5th, the Senat<e?^nt?j?jB^^A - J^avy to investigate the circumstances ofme ' - sinking of the U. 8. steamer Oneida by the , British ship Bombay. A memorial from Ghir man citizens of Tennessee was presented, ask- , - ing for the reconstruction of that State. The i Georgia bill was discussed, without a vote. , j > In the House, the bill to. create a Bureau of , i Education, which inherits the property and , > duties of the Freednien's Bureau, was passed ] - by a vote of 103 to 61. The tariff bill was j resumed, the tariff on clarified sugar being!, ) fixed at two and a half cents per pound, and ), , on brandy and spirits manufactured from! grain at three dollars per proof gallon. 1 l On the 6th, the Senate passed the deficiency . I appropriation bill, with some amendments. ( Also, a bill to remove the legal and political disabilities of Francis E. Shober; a mepaber , elect from North Carolina. The Georgia bill > ; was called up, but without debating it the ?, Senate went into executive session. r In the House, Mr. Wood, of New York, ( r iyade a personal explanation, in .the course of r which he made charges against General,0.0. J Howard, Commissioner of the Freedraen's Bu; reau, of diverting the funds in his hands to 3 other purposes. The charges were referred to , the committee on education. The tariff bill r was resumed, and a number of its sections . passed without amendment ) On the 7th, in the Senate, the report of the , finance committee, on the House bill propos} ing to continue the income tax, was taken up. 3 After a long debate, Mr. Sherman offered a 3 substitute, declaring the meaning of the presf ent law to be that the taxes on salaries, and 3 dividends, and interest paid by corporations, are payable for and during the year 1870, and 3 that all such taxes shall be collected in the manner now prescribed by law. This substi. tote was adopted, and the bill, as amended, [ 3 was passed. In the House, the tariff bill was taken ufJ , and some progress was made in the adoptiojffl > of actions. vfcNothing of specui importanJlj ' occurred. T y HtH, the pboceedingA-M .the P1 1 >flJ were'not of interest, as that bojlj aajouraed at I an early hour, in honor of the, funeral rites ofA Gen. Geo. H. Thomas, which were then being" 1 celebrated in Troy, N. Y. , In the House, the duty on spool thread of J cotton was fixed at six cents per dozen spools j of one hundred yards each, and 30 per cent ad valorem. A tariff of three dollars per 1 i dozen was put on corsets. The committee on . ; elections reported back the credentials of J Henry W. Barry, representative elect from , f Mississippi, recommending that he be sworn ] 1 in. The report was agreed to, and Mr. Barry [ came forward and qualified as a member of j ; the House. 1 i On the 9th, the proceedings of the Senate . > were devoid of general interest ; In the House, a resolution was adopted, al- ] lowing Mr. Butler's counsel $2,000 pay fori-, defending him against a suit, instituted by j . Woolley, of Baltimore, for illegal seizure of ] property at Fortress Monroe during the war. , | Also, a resolution restoring the Mount Vernon , ; relics, now in the possession of the govern- ( ment, to Mrs. Mary Custis Lee. The Senate , amendments to the deficiency bill were taken , up, some being concurred in and others reject- ] ed. The latter were referred to a committee ; P of conference. The tariff bill was resumed, ; and discussed until adjournment. , On the 11th, the Senate was occupied all ( day by the Northern Pacific Railroad hill. 3 In the House, the main feature of the day , ' was the adoption of a resolution giving 'the use of the hall of the House to the colored , ( population of Washington, to celebrate the adpption of the 15th amendment By the ( rules, the ttprn# is required to participate in , any object' for which the use of the hall isal ^ lowed. Mr. Speaker Blaine, therefore, ap- ] pointed a . committee of arrangements, ajid , put Messrs. Coi and EldHdge, Democrat,hn ] [ the committee. Thesegphtfeman decliflecN? j serve, and some discusn^: ensued upon the j | right of the House to reqmw this service of Jhem. .The matter was fin^j^y^J^^L scinding the resolution and refusing the usSt of the hall for the purpose mentidrifcd. NORTH CAROLINA NEWsl !; ?The convention of the Episcopal church 1 , will meet in Edenton on the 5th of May. ? General N. B. Forresthjtt been inOreens, boro to hire laborers for railroads itt^Tennes? * t? .1 > Ar ;! , see, Ajuuismiitt unu iii.iooiDsi^pi. i .1 i ?The Postoffice known as "Craigeliead," J hi Mecklenburg county, (between Charlotte and Davidson College) has been reopened. * Miss Rose Hunter is the PostmiBtrajip, i ? The Standard says the Insane Asylum 1 i is full to it&Htmost' capacity, and more than ] two hundred applications-are on The < useless anil expensive habit of bringing pa-j1 ; tients without previous agreement is still per-1 j sisted in. ' . j'? A meeting of the citizens of MeckleL1- j? - burg aud Gaston counties is advertised in the ; j Democrat, to be held in Charlotte on the 16h ; i instant, in reference to the Air Line Raib^sd. j' , A. S. Buford, President of the road, will' id-,c > dress the meeting. / 7 I ? J. W. Potts, of Steel Creek, lost his two- j't ; story kitchen by fire two weeks ago. Two j j i colored children, left in the house by heir i! mother, set fire to a bed, and the builitog, Ifc ' with its contents, including a numarW*! i! agricultural implements and forty busatfrlCq ' peas, vtm consumed'. I The Raleigh Standard is inform(J the Sheriffs of most of the counties ^^j||| State have determined, jmder legal advio$ hold their offices until toe election in Atfguavi 1872. This action,'they say, is based upon j[ the construction given to 'the 23rd Section,1 . Article IV, of the State Constitution by Ch.1 jj Justice Pearson and jpdge Dick, in which jij construction the Sheriffs allege their counsel concur. ? A colored man was detected in an attempt to fire the Baptist Church on Castle street, Wilmington, on Tuesday night. He was fired on by a gentleman who happened to be'passing with a gun, as he crawled out from trader the church, where he had a quantity of lightwood prepared to start the fire. ? The Charlotte Observer of Sunday says : "Saturday there were sold at public auetion for cash, a brood mare for $200, and four mules at $149, 8145, 8116 and 8110 respectively. The mul.-i were all 15 years old and Upward, except the lowest priced one, which was only six years old and very small." ? A gentleman writing to the Standard from McDowell, April 3rd, says: "We have just had one of the most destructive freshets in McDowell county that has visited this secki/m fnr vAnm." This occurred, it seems, on the 30th ultimo, andias the ground was freshly plowed, ready for oats and iq preparation for the corn crop, the injury to the land by gashing has been very great. ?The corporators of the Masonic Temple Association of Charlotte met on the 6th inst, rod accepted their charter, and organized by sleeting the following officers: C. W. Alexander, President; Samuel Taylor, 1st Vice President; Samuel Wittkowslcy, 2nd Vice President; E. G. Maxwell, Recording Secretary Qsborne, Corresponding SecreDeweyj Treasurer. MERE-MENTION. A. M. Hunt, Esq., formerly well known in Columbia as a hotel-keeper, has removed to Georgia. The growing wheat in Virginia is said to present a very promising appearance. *Tt is said that farmers in Minnesota can now make more immey in raising beets at $3 per ton for sngar-making, than they can in raising wheat or any other kind of grain. 'Prosser, from the Fifth Tennessee District, has nominated a yellow boy, Alfonso Napier, to West Point Mr. A. T. Stewart paid 82,700 last year to the police for watching his clerks. "The GovernorGeneral of India is making a tour of the cotton-growing districts of that country, urging porf the people the necessity'of increased cultivation of cotton, to compete successfully with .the United States. Corn is selling in Central Iowa at thirty oents per bushel, delivered on the railroad. Wheat is very plentiful, and worth only fifty cents. The general complaint there is?too much produce and too little money. ""The Catholics propose building a convent in Montgomery, Ala., which is to be an elegant and massive piece of architecture, costing between > two hundred and three hundred thousand dollars. The Stock Exchange vault in New York contains every night securities valued at over two hundred millions of dollars." James Gordon Bennett, Jr., left on Tuesday for Europe, to prepare for the great English and American contest between his yacht Dauntless and thg English yacht Cambria. Of the new Texas Senator, Morgan C. Hamilton, it is said that he never smoked a cigar, or took a drink; and yet he claims to represent Texas. Mr. Greeley says that the solution of the question whether woman is equal to man depends upon who the woman is, and who the man i?. A bill is now before the CaliflSjia Legislature prohibiting the exportation ^-Jead ChinaJjpn. With John the knjy way to teazels, jpbugh China, and the bbject is to rid the Florida negro was, two! years ago, so terrified at the cars that he haa to be blindfolded to get him aboard. Now he is a Senator and a director of the railroad. Mrs. Caroline Neil is now a judge of the Court of Oyer and Terminer in Wyoming. "Andy Johnson isgoingto Europe forsix months. Napoleon calls the 45,000 schoolmasters in his empire "the pacific array of France." The members of the Mississippi Legislature are economical in one respect, at least They have voted themselves one dollar a year each, for postage. Temperance and literary societies are being rapidly organized in Texas. The people are going to drink less and read more, and see how it will come out. A new paper is to be started in Boston to secure boys of eighteen years of age the privilege of voting. ""At a negro meeting in Washington recently, a colored man said he was beyoqd Mr. Sumner in his claim for equal rights for the negro. He would not rest until the colored man could safely vote the Democratic ticket. A treaty has been concluded, making the letter postage to Germany seven cents direct, and fifteen cents via England. A Northern paper says: There is a concerted movement among those who owned ila-TOH ?t the Smith tn take measures for the perpetuation of evidence of ownership, that slaims for compensation may be brought before Congress should the Democrats ever regain power. A national convention of American dentists is to begin its sessions at New Orleans, April 13/ Brazil anticipates a heavy coffee crop this year. Texas papers announce that the cotton in that State, which was up and doing well, was all killed by the late cold spell. Seed and labor are both scarce. A hog was recently slaughtered in Westchester, Penn., which weighed, after being dressed, 1,040 pounds. It#was estimated that he would yield 600 pounds of lard. Jew D^vis* Seat.?A correspondent in ffiSJssIpp'i asks: "is 'Tt true as some of the Northern papers continue to assert, that the negio Revels occupies Mr. Davis* old seat in the Senate?" No, it is not true. Ther* was an effort made to secure it for him, but it faued. It vas intended that the history of the times 8h?uld record as "the grandest providence of the nineteenth century," that the humble negio, Hiram Revels, occupied in the United gates Senate the seat in which once sat the a."ch-tf*itor, Jefferson Davis. And-in order b> bring itjaboul, Sumner, Wilson and a half dozen other negro worshippers approached Senator Ross, of Kansas, and said to him, 'Arise, exchange seats with the man and jrother, Revels, that history may tell, to the perpetual confusion of Southern chivalry, that i despised negro occupies the seat of the traior, Jeff Davis." Mr. Ross looked up from ;he sheet of paper upon which he was writing. 'So this," said ne, "is the seat in which Davis ised to sit V' "Yes," replied Sumner, "it is." 'And you and the negro you've got here want ne to get out of it and let the negro get into t, do you?" "We do," answered Sumner. 'Then,' said Ross, taking up his pen, "I've >nly to say that I'll see you and the negro first" And thus it came to pass that a J :j ?>> c D? J: I IItJ giiuiu pruYiueimc 1UI wuicu tuc jLvauiuui uuse of history stood, waiting, failed to take >lace.?Louisville Co^^r-Journal, .The Air Like-Railroad.?The enfjhreer fe>j?>ho h*|?cently been engaged in makhg a 'survey of this routfC, were in Spartanriirg last week. They- lutf e surveyed two ex>erimental lines from Charlotte, N. C., to this j dace, iuid have entered upon the third. They j iy they will have gained sufficient inf&mu-1 ton on this trip to locate the road, and, as jffeir report will be invorable as to the practicability of the route, contracts will probably i e let out to build the roail as soon as the Kiard of diriwtora dan have a meeting. It is iaw very certain that Spartanburg will be ipon the line.?Spartanburg Spartan. wt. KRvwi ffrb-V *. . tpV * I(S#; LOCAL ITEMS. SEW ADVERTISEMENTS. ! F. H. Brown, Administrator?Application fo Discharge. ' B. F. Briggs, Clerk of Board?Road Notice. i J. M. Ivy | Co., Rock Hill, S. C.-Goodsat Gol< j Prices. ; T. M. Dobson & Co.?Money?Sundries?Is i So?Can it be possible?Accent our ThanksHasten?Remember?Oar Grocery?5 Pe Cent?Our Goods?Barter?Every one ough to Know?Chemisettes?Umbrellas?To ou ! Customers?In our Grocery. J D. M. Campbell, Administrator?Application fo Disoharge. I \v T n n/J *1 T. 1 nnlrcrtii rw i n i q m A Wi1 Snip. I" v < nuvt o ? xii unvKouii iAuuiiiiio?iH?viw ?? -?. A. C. Kaufman, Charleston?Latent Quotation | of Southern Securities. : E. C. & C. L. Davidson?North Western Land? j T. W. Clawgon, Deputy Messenger?Tn Bankrupt cy?Applications for Discharge in the Matte of W. P. McFaddeo, W. L. Dukes, Williar Boozer. j II. F. Adickes?Summer Cassimeres?BooksHoes?Hardware. S. P. Boyd?Selling Prices, ic., for the Week. I Allison & Brattou?Machine Oil?Pills?Woman' Friend?Ointments,&c.?Wine of Wild Cher ry?Powders, &c.? Expectorants, &c.?Mor ! ey, Money. R Latnan, School Commissioner?Notice. UNITED STATES COMMISSIONER. We learn from the Republican, tlmt Hot George 8. Bryan, Judge of the United State District Court for South Carolina, has af pointed W. C. Beutty, Esq., of Yorkvilh Commissioner of the United States for th Cou? ts of South Carolina. T ' f*r < V UNSETTLED ESTATES. Our friend F. C. Harris, Probate Judgeagaiust whom we bear no grudge, whateve our "devil" may do?with his usual desire t promote the interests of the public, desires u to call attention to the fact that administri trators, executors and guardians are allowe to sell, as personal property, evidences of it debtedness appraised doubtful or worthies There are a good many estates in the Court c Probate which might have been settled Ion ago, but for the possession of doubtful debl which could not be disposed of. The Legish ture has, by a special act, removed this diff culty by allowing the sale of these debts, an Mr. Harris wants the fact generally knowi in order that all interested may avail then selves of the benefits of the act Such pei 4 sons will do well to consult with him on th subject We embrace this opportunity to record on hearty testimony to the fidelity with whic ? t??i*. t_ j? ? our xrouuie ?# uujje guurus imv nivcicsio si trusted to his care, and our appreciation < the readiness with which he, at all times, a< commodates to the utmost of his power a who have business in his office. ! .1 . COL. WILSON'S UNIVERSITY ADDRESS We are indebted to Mr. J. Richard Lyni Chairman of the Committee of the Clarios* phic Society for-a copy of the annual addra before the literary societies of the South Cai olina University, which was delivered b Col. W. B. Wilson on the 7th of last Decen , ber. 'f'.' The subject of the address' is "The South, and the author has briefly, but in a masterl manner, sketched the excellency and th glory of Southern civilization in the pas closing with a general outline of those duti< of the present the performance of which wi ensure a happy and prosperous future. It i just such an address as the educated yotra men of the South need; for they c. ail., iho nobler.aim tl>*tn tvpfinkeilie igturi glor ^jured in anomalous situation of the South xttS a tdr dency to repress such aspirations. But th time is coming when all the talent of he sons will find an ample field of usefulnes and honor, and we therefore warmly sympt thize with all appeals urging Southern youn men to be true to themselves and the memorie of their fathers. We tender our thanks t the committee for the pleasure afforded us b; the perusal of this address. EDITORIAL INKLING8. a Northern Elections. \ Elections have been held in Connect: cut and Rhode Island, the results of whic] have come to hand since our last issue. Ii the former State,- English, Democrat, wa elected by a majority .of 810. The Legisls ture is Republican by a majority of 16 oi joint ballot Last year Jewell, Republics! was elected over English by a majority of 411 In Rhode Island, the entire Republican ticke was elected, the majority being over 4,000. The Columbia Municipal Election. The election in Columbia last wee! was very orderly, no disturbance of any. kini having occurred. The Republican ticket wa elected by *a majority of 535, out of a tota - f trtno Tl.:, _ 1 4| VOie OI II to. Jiiiia la n linger vuic Liiiru nn ever before polled in the c lv. and the numbe of voters exceeds the entire registry of tax payers, male and female, by nearly 20C Heavy frauds are charged on the successfu party. For this, and the further reason tha the election was unconstitutional, as the timi of the present council has not expired, anura her of the citizens protested against the val idity of the election. The Mayor appointe( last Monday for hearing the grounds of thi protest and deciding upon it. On Monday the Mayor and councilmei elect made a demand for their seats, but weri refused. On Tuesday, the old council met t< hear and judge the protest. John T. Rhett City Attorney, and Messrs. Chamberlain anc Tread W&H7 counsel fbr the claimants, state1 that they had agreed to put the matter in dis pute in a shape that will admit of a speed) adjudication by the Courts. It was settled between them that the formalities necessar) far a trial should be arranged yesterday. Coort in Union. The Spring term of court began in Union on Monday of last week. We learn from the Times that three cases on the criminal docket were disposed of. At the opening oi ! the third case, Judge Munro objected to the 'jurisdiction of the Court, because of the confliction between the Act regulating the holding of the Courts and the Code, as to the time for holding Court at Union. He contended that every judgment rendered at this Court j would be void, and gave notice that he would take an appeal from every judgment rendered against a client his. The Solicitor contended, taking the intentions of the Legisla| ture into consideration, that there should be six courts throughout the year. Judge Thomas, presiding, thought the two Acts passed on ! the same day, should be so construed as to give both effect, which could be done by holding six Courts. The Act required him to hold Court in Lancaster and Union on that day, but having held Court and cleared the docket of Lancaster, he thought it but justice to the people of Union to open the Court at this time. He would instruct the Clerk to open and close ~til6 UOUrt ai IIIC IJCJkt iCLUiai turn. After a few unimportant cases were disposed of, the gentlemen of the bar consulted upon the matter of the jurisdiction of the Court, and the Judge, at the suggestion of the bar, decided to adjourn the Court on Wednesday morning, until the 4th Monday in August next. The Ninth Centra*. j 71 The taking of returns for the ninth cen- j sus of the United States will begin on the 1st; r j of June next, under the act of May 23d, 1850* j | and the enumerations and returns must be ; j 1 completed and sent to the Secretary of the ' i Interior by the 1st of November. The D. S. t i Marshals are charged with the duty of taking , ~ j the census, with the power of employing such J l; assistants as shall be required. In the circu- i Xjlarof the Superintendents of the census, Mr. ^ j Francis A. Walker, the Marshals are enjoin; ed to employ none but temperate, industrious | 1 and competent assistants. As the work re-! 31 quires accuracy'and skill, competency is made : , the first and essential qualiBcation. The as-j :- sistants receive pay as follows: Two cents for r every name taken, 10 cents for every farm, 11 15 cents for every productive establishment' - of industry, 2 cents for every deceased person, and 2 per cent of the gross amount for names enumerated, for social statistics, and 10 cents per mile for travel. '* In 1860, there were 4,417 assistants employed, and this year the number will probably exceed 6,000. The law divides the population into census districts of 20,000 persons, i. and allow* an Assistant Marshal for every s such district; but these districts arc subdivi> ded, so as to allot one census-taker to about :, 6,500 persons, as nearly us can be estimated e beforehand. Chinese Immigrants \tanted. ? The Raleigh Sentinel has come out in fhvor of Chinese immigration. It uses the following dogmatical argument in support of its position: 0 "Raleigh can certainly beat any place of is its size in existence for fice dogs. In some t- neighborhoods the shortest way to arrive at d the census of these pestiferous beasts would t be to count the residences and multiply the number by three. We need the kindly offices ^ of a company of Qhinese emigrants here, for " their sakes just about now, or an active exerg cise of our city Commissioners' most noted Is proclivity, namely, heavy taxation. Give us .. either an importation of Chinese or a heavy j. tax on dogs." d A Judicial Poser. - ,..u<uie , A correspondent of the Wilmington j. Journal presents the following case for the r. consideration of the legal profession : e "A few days since, a Southern darkey was called before a justices' court, under the charge of having assaulted and beaten his wife. Tne >r case was neard upon its merits and the accused b discharged, the evidence being insufficient to. l- sustain the charge. The supervision of the >f financial department of that Court being somewhat ander the influence and management of ii a Yankee Justice, (who goes so far at times to defend the State's interest as. to oompel parties coming into his Court to pay officer^ feet and all others, before he will let the party asking a jurv have one,) the accused was b quickly called on for the cost# of this suit, > (some three dollars perhaps.) The darkey u refused to pay the costs, because, as he alleged, r. he had been acquitted, and the law holds the defeated party responsible for damages and costs. The Yankee immediately sent back to him for the amount, stating that the accused and his wife were one and the same person in law; and the accused was therefore responsiy ble for the amount of costs vs. his wife. The ,e accused rejoined by- saying that he accepted t the premises of the Yankee justice as true,hut ^ that bis conclusions were most untrue; for if .. he and his wife were one and the same person J1 in law, and he bad been acquitted, his wife m ? ?'?? on/1 +Vio fito+a alnno /vmiM ?' Wttfl uio\; atvjuni^u, auu i?uv wvww wtvuv* w?-v? g be amerced with the damages, and he would ja not pay a cent." y Charges Against Gen.( Howard* ing an improper use of the funds of the e Freedmen's Bureau. There are fifteen specific ir charges, which were referred to a committee is of investigation. $h# following are the most \r serious: ? That he ha* taken frott the appropriations g made foraad the reoeiptoof Ihafcbui-eau more than- $500,000, improperly, and without any 0 authority of law, for the Howard University Y Hospital and lands. That portions of the land, alleged to have been sola for the benefit of the Howard University funds, were disposed of improperly to members of. his own family and officers of i- his-staff. . . * b That he draws three salaries, viz: One as a Q Brigadier General in the United States Army, a another at Commissioner of Freedmen's-Bureau, and the third as head: of the Howard l" University. 'I Q That he was interested in the purchase of a >i farm of about three hundred acres, near the 1. Lunatic Asylum in this county, for which it the public funds and other property of thegovernment were used. Buildings were erected thereon built of lumber belonging to the> , government, and then let or sold to freedmen at exorbitant prices, and that he and his 1 brother, Charles Howard, were personally ins terested in this transaction as a private pe1 cuniary speculation. a That he is one of * ring known as the r freedmen's bureau ring, with connections and influences with the freedmen'* saving banks, the freedmen's schools of the South, and the ' political machinery of a party in the Southr 1 em States, and who&e practice has been to det vote the official authority and power of the B bureau to personal and political profit. . The Pickena Murder Caae. . On the 29th of last May, the stable of 1 a man named Willard, -in PickenB County, a was set on fire. He and his family, while trying to extinguish the flames, were fired on i by a party in ambush, and one of his sons was i killed. Six young men of very respectable ) families in Pickens were arrested as the pernitiHifftrc nf fko crimp Onv. Pp.rrv and frfin. I Easley were retained for their defence, and t Gov. Scott; fit the request of the Solwitoriem ployed Mr. Trescott to assist the prosecution, r The case was tried last month, Judge. Ver1 non pAiding, as Judge Orr declined on ao- | r count of relationship to some of the accused, and the prisoners were acquitted. .Mr. Trescott has written a letter to the Governor, . which we find in the Republican. The follow- j i ing extract contains the substance of the let| ter: ? "When the testimony for the State closed, 1 | there had not been produced a tithe of eviI dence against four of the prisoners?against ' two, I think, a strongprima facie case has been made. i But it is my dutv to say that this prima^ [ facie case was clearly and conclusively met i . The circumstances upon which the State rested i were explained fully and naturally, while the 1 alibi of the parties was established by evidence ] I that there was neither effort to impeach nor J ' | possibility of impeaching. * j When the case closed there was but one cqh- 1 II elusion: cither that men of the highest staud- < . ing, men whose long and blameless lives had i i iiiMt.lv ?ccnrcd them the confidence of the i 1 i whole community, had conspired by perjury | to protect an infamous crime, or that the pris| oners were innocent i i The Solicitor and myself thought that we best consulted the cause of justice and the ! character of the State by frankly recognizing , this fact We accordingly addressed the jury briefly, stating that our instructions were to ' secure a thorough and impartial investigation , | of this crime, that with great labor, delay, and I expense this has been accomplished, and that, ' with the r&ult before us, we were willing to i receive a verdict of not guilty." j France?'Things look a little squally in ( France just now. Louis Napoleon is sick,, his ministry are undecided; his legislative as-, sembly are turbulent, and his people are get-; a ting up riots in various pait< of the empire, c For the Yorkvllie Enquirer. UNION COUNTY CORRESPONDENCE. PATENT MEDICINES?THE SICK ROOM. In nearly every newspaper the patent medicine advertisement is prominent. Some of these medicines claim to cure aJUbinp, others, only certain diseases'. The beaUty of the'system is that every disease can be cured. It is reAlly wonderful to see what genius these men show in their advertisements. They understawdHddrtretnan tmtrmrfn a!! Its phases;* and they can even make a'well man believe he should fry only a bottle of the cbrt All. .ft* you do not believe this, get their almanacs and read theqa carefully/ Now the question for the people is, are these medicines worth anything? Asa general thing, we believe them to be worthless?some of them harmful. When one is sick enough for medicine, which is not half as often as is generally supposed, the best thing is to call in a reputable physi cian and follow his directions as to medicine. If he give none, so much the better. Never t fall out with him because he will not physic you to death. Let patent medicines alone, unless your physician recommends them. We have heard this old saying, "kindness . killed the cat" We verily believe that many siek people are killed in the same way. We have noticed that when one becomes quite sick his neighbors crowd to see him, and see him they will. This is all wrong. It is a . .. y imistaken kindness. The sick man is excited. fH* soon comap tpfbelifte himself w6rse than he really is; and then more neighbors crowd in, and they soon crowd the poor Bufferer out of this world. A sick man should be left to 'his doctor and a few necessary attendants. I' P. | LETTERS FROM CAMDEN. Camden, 8. CM April 5, 1870. j ' - Mr. Editor: In accordance with the charter of our town, our municipal election was held yesterday. Efforts were previously made to harmonize all parties, races and colors, and to ignore in this little town election all politics, National and State, but. our efforts have proved utterly futile and unavailing. Con sequently, two tickets, were nominated?the Citizens' and the Republican . The election passed off quietly and without piuck excitement, though the contest was. a close .one, and resulted inthe victory of the Citizens' ticket by a majority of 12 votes. After the counting of the votes this morning, however, notice was given the present Intendant by the Re-, , publican party, that they intended to qontest the election. On what grounds I have not yet learned, nor can I conceive, for it was certainly *My .nd properly '?ML1 we may, perhaps, have, on a small scale, a repetition of the contested election case in Charleston. v/'j Jg The recent heavy and continuous rains V ? have produced the highest freshet in the Wateree sinc8 January, 1865. The whole valley of the river has been completely inundated for the past week or more,'resembling rather a lake than a small stream. The wet weather has also very greatly impeded .agricultural operations in this part of {he country. Notwithstanding this, our energetic j^ahhers and farmers are making extensive preparations for the approaching crop. A few daysago, our railroad agent informed me that a far greater amount of fertilizers has been brought up on the Camden Branch Railroad ind hauled into the interior of our country, ipau has ever been known before. 1 eernestIbore abundant barveats hi tlik fatnre^&nd Consequently of increased wealth and . material prosperity for our struggKng and inroov- v erished people. wt f .. . nr. . 1 Oaxdkw, 8. G., April s,' 1870. " Jfe.JEditor.'Binoemy lastteyouithegroiuds ' f >r contesting our ekctioa for Town -Cotmcti ' hav* been presented by the RepubHctts. ! But they were so extremely iimsy and an* 1 substantial that the present Beard o/Ceun-<> oilmen, to whose adjudication the hsw leaves ' the matter, were compelled to decide and declare that the election was feir, legal ?I vsfld, ? iaS which they accordingly did day befbre yester-1 day; and according tothe Act el the Legislature, there is no appeal fepm tMr ' decisis*/ ( but it is final. -I understand, however^'that11 Joha A Chestnut, one of our illustrious colored representatives, has written to Attorney- . General Chamberlain on the subject. ' Whet will be the result of this colored epntle, a few- > days will determine, I suppose. Meantime, > if. no other steps are taken to prevent it, the Council elect will be duly installed next Monday, the 11thinstant ; - Mlihij For the Yorkrllle Eoquirtr. THE YORK COUNTY BIBLE 8OCTETY. Fobt Mill, 8. C., April tl, iff&O. Mr. Editor.: After'the usual moitoBTg services by Rev. W. W. Ratchford, the Pastor of Unity Presbyterian Church, Fort Mill," York county, on Sabbath, April 10th, the congregation was invited to remain, when Col. A. B. Springs was requested to take the chair, and Rev. Mr. Ratchford to act as Secretary of the meeting. The meeting was then addressed by Rev. ?. 'A. Bolles, Agent American Bible Society, and Rev! Mr.Rateh-> ford, in behalf of Bible distribution. The^ > sum of $33 was subscribed and k part paid, for the purpose of aiding the York CoUnty Bible Society in employing a suitable Colporteur to explore and supply the destitute; of York county with the Bible. The Rev. Mr. , Ratchford was requested to inform ?? } man of the Executive Committee at York ville of the action of this meeting at Unity, and to pay pver the funds collected, to the Treasurer, P. B. Darwin, Esq., York County Bible Society. ! ' This is an important Missionary work, and should commend itself to the churches Of Afferent denominations of York county. This work is now attended to by Bible Societies in ' different counties in South Carolina. Yours truly, E. A. BOLLES, < Agent American Bihle Society for 8. C. A New Enterprise?Cotton and Wool Factory.?We have a gratifying announcement to make this morning, to the effect that i large cotton and wool factory is shortly to' be established in this vicinity. Messre. 'Harris, Cotton and Morris, from Maryland and Massachusetts, have recently purchased the ipleudid water power known as High Shoals, belonging to the estate of AndrewMcFall, debased, and situated south of this place. It 3 their intention to erect at once a largo establishment for the manufacture of cotton and ivoolen goods of every description, and as a lecessary consequence they will build a large lumber of houses for their operatives. These gentlemen represent an abundance of money o carry out their designs upon an extended icale, and we believe that they have experience, energy and enterprise to make their un lertaking a complete success. We give them i cordial welcome mio our miuov, mu mum hat the future will prove their sagacity and ! oresight in becoming the pioneers in this novement towards developing the facilities of his section as a manufacturing centre. Mr. Harris has been prospecting for some yeeks in the upper part of South Carolina, \1 ind at length made the purchase above sta- , ed. The price paid is $10,000, with fifty ores of lanas attached.?Anderson InteUigenr er.