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V ... ' , , ^ LEWIS M. GRIST, Proprietor. | An >|nbtj(citbtitt Jamilj Ittfosjaptr: Jar tjje promotion of % political, Social, Agricultural ante Commercial Interests of t|r Sout(|. j TERMS?$3.00 A TEAR, IN ADVANCE. vr'ritT 1ft " YORKYILLE, S. O., THURSDAY, MARCH 31, 1870. ' , NO. 13. V W -*? craps of pocal pstorg. Reminiscences of York. BY A SEPTUAGENARIAN. i *. I / JUDGE WILLIAM SMITH. Tbe MKmb of the law" which first engrafted its destinies with those of the growing town, was of material which afterward formed a strong plank in the Bench of the State. William Smith?latpr Judge Smith?was the first resident lawyer of Yorkville. I have always thought he was from Lincoln, and am still under this impression, though a biographical sketch of him, published some years since by his grand daughter, says he always spoke of himself as a South Carolinian; and she had a vague impression that by the adjustment of boundary lines between North and South Carolina, his birth-place was thrown froqj, the. latter into, the former. J think if \ aLa in in believine the State of his na wuv vv#*""" " tivity changed by a new survey, it is probable she got the facts reversed. A portion of York District formerly belonged to North Carolina. It formed a portion of a county called Tryon, which also included the present counties of Gaston, Lincoln, Catawba, <fec., in its boundaries. The / Court House of Tryon was located near where the road from Salisbury to Smith's Ford, on Broad River, now crosses the road from York- , ville to Lincolnton, known as the "King's Mountain" road. For this locality I am indebted to Rev. S. L. Watson; but neither he . or I can designate the points of line which then formed the boundary between North and South Carolina. Judge Smith received the first elements of his Latin under Dr. Alexander, but finished his course within the time-honored walls of Mount Zion College, Winnsboro'. That he was a man of the first order of intellect, the various positions of eminence to which he was preferred, undoubtedly prove. His career furnishes to young men a most encouraging example, portraying the effects of ambition, energy, perseverance and sobriety. His parents were happily able to give him a good education and profession. His farther patrimo- ; ny was but good advice and a blessing. Two young men who were his contemporaries?Simon Taylor and Bob Hill?dashed about in their sulkies on the circuit, while Smith rode a chunk of a horse, carrying saddle-bags filled with law-books. In the race of life, how far he ran ahead! They were the sous of wealth, and had not the stimulus of empty pursee to urge them on, and call out every faculty to . " gain the goal. True, in the beginning, there was little promise in the young lawyer, of the future brilliancy of his career. He was wild and dissipated. Suddenly he was brought to consider and mend his days. Galloping his horse one day at full speed, he came to the forks of the road. He wished to., vtajce one?th^lry--^he^tb?^ -The refill*p was the animal ran a treii, force of the shock throwing bucn"V th^ ground?the rider ^parently lifeless. The \ efforts to restore consciousness by the companon of hjj/Ktfe, were, for some time, without 'v At last, animation was restored, but the injur!}' received was a serious one, confining him" for some time; but he found the bed of pain' profitable, for it "brought him to himself." / ? At the very time he got his hurt, he was determined to leave South Carolina, in consequence of trouble got into through his misdemeanors, and had matured his plans to do so. He was thus prevented from carrying out his design, his season of reflection changed his course, he determined on better things and a new way of living. He was a man ever to abide by a firm resolve, and a long tide of success rewarded the arduous study and temperance of his after life. For many years Judge Smith was a memWftf thp Leinslature from York, and at the MV* v* o time of his election as Judge, in 1808, filled the position of President of the Senate. In 1816 he was first elected to the United States Senate. In 1822 he was defeated by Robert Y. Hayne for the United States Senate. His York friends showed their sympathy and confidence, by returning him, at their next election, a member for the House of Representatives ; and the following year in the House, he took Prioleau's resolutions and changed them. In 1826 Judge Smith was again elected to the United States Senate to fill the unexpired term of John Gailliard. The doctrine of nullification, about this time, became the popular one of South Carolina, and Judge Smith being an uncompromising Union man, was again superseded in 1830?this time by Stephen D. Miller. His friends in the district of York, to soothe his .wounded ambition, elected him to the State Senate. J1 think of Ji^ge Smith as one of the bitv tterest politicians I ever knew. His temper uatujfilly dogmatical, was soured by the constant defeats of his party. He hated Mr. Calhoun with bitter animosity, and felt that honors offered to the latter by *the State, to be insults to himself. His affections were finally so alienated from the people of South Carolina, he removed from her limits and found a home in Alabama, where, some years.earlier, he had transferred the major part of his property. In many essentials Judge Smith was a kind man, a pleasant neighbor, a hospitable gentleman, and good companion to those he liked; but implacable in his prejudices and unforgiving in his enmities. One of Johnson's good haters; but true as steel in a friendship. It was while at Dr. Alexander's school he formed an attachment to William H. Craw-1 ford, which friendship remained intact during ! their lives. After the contest for the Presidency in 1824. when Adams, Jackson, Clay | J , and Crawford all entered the arena, an article published in the papers, quite humorous in tone, delineating the race as one of a Jockey Club course, caught the mood of the people, and was read and referred to constantly. Smith, then residing at Pinckneyville, Union District, had exerted every nerve to secure j the election of his old friend, W. H. Crawford. The newspaper burlqsque said the Jackson horse strode through the State of Tennessee with utmost speed ; on through North Carolina with almost equal velocity, and into South Carolina, where, although a man named Smith, at Pinckneyville, rushed in and tried* to scare him off the track for the Georgia horse to get ahead, the Jackson horse jumped over him, stretching himself, and losing no time till he reached the Georgia line. Caleb (.'lark facetiously remarked to Judge Smith, on meeting him soon after reading the piece,' "Well, Judge, the Jackson horse was too , much for you?ran over you ; you could not scare him off the track." "He would have been had he been bridle-wise, sir," hissed the Judge, in his sarcastic tone. His old school-mate, Jackson; however, bore i | no. grudge against Smith for his superior af- j ^ fection for Crawford, and their sameness of | j political creed cemented and strengthened j i their earlier ties. After Judge Smith re-j1 moved to Alabama, Jackson appointed him a Judge of the Supreme Court, but he declined j j to accept the high position. I Judge Smith built a very handsome residence on Turkey Creek, but returned a^ain to ( a village life. Here he always dispensed 1 much elegant hospitality, both to strangers j and townsmen. Some of the handsomest en- ^ tertainments I have ever attended, were din- j ners given by him; and dancing parties with good music and fine suppers, were frequently i enjoyed in his pjean^ut mansion.^He impiW t tKo homitifnl lot and built the handsome f house now owned by Robert Or. McCaw, Esq., 0 but before he completed his designs, he re- j moved to Huntsville, Alabama, where he built himself a palatial residence. t His manner of speaking was considerably c sententious, and his pithy remarks frequently impressed themselves on one's memory, when e the same words from another's lips, would c have been forgotten. Mr. Bob Cooper once j 3aid, "Well, Judge, you have done a good deal toward improvements; you have built a fine ] house on Turkey Creek and one in Yorkville? t now you ought to build a mill." t "I have often noticed, Mr. Cooper, that a ' mill was a fine thing for the neighborhood, ? but a bad thing for the owner." In the trite t reply, is a truth made manifest to many who 1 have had experience to test the matter. Nothing could show the devoted attach- 8 ments of this stern Judge more strongly, than his habit of removing his daughter's body wherever he went. She was his only child. She married and died early, but her bones j found not a final resting place until they were ? taken by her. father to Alabama, where he t now lies beside ljer- ^ J His memory was remarkable for strength 1 and accuracy. Much of his success in busi- j nes8 may be attributed to this, and his exact- j ness in even small matters. I once tested i his power, and was struck forcibly, as an 1 eye-witness of the trait of mind I had often 1 before heard remarked upon. I had business v ?n rVvnrf fni? nnp rtf the heirs of Dr. John Al-1 lu vuui v ?v? vmvv* ?? ? ? ? ? - lison, and for the want of a certain paper, was 1^ much perplexed, and feared I might not, with- 0 out it, be able to establish the claim. Some u friend suggested that Judge Smith might have d it, as he had been Dr. Allison's Executor. I called to see the Judge and told him of the 11 desired paper, and the hope that he might have w it "I have it," he answered promptly. "Pat- ^ sey," he called to a servant; "go in my office, a from the door^n a jtStlffiiiin J^LjigTi a small ,red, "Tb& -ju^man MSif1 returnedW^^article described. He took H out an immense bunch of keys, soon selected one and fitted it As he turned the key, he t said, "I have not been in this trunk for fifteen f years, but the paper you waut is in the right hand corner, farthest back, near the bottom." 1 He looked in the designated spot, took out a bundle of old papers from near the bottom, * and soon produced the one I coveted. I al- j most forgot my gratification at its possession, ( in admiration of this remarkable exhibition of memory. t His resentments were strong, and sometimes t he allowed his irrascible temper to get the bet- ^ ter of him, and he would use his cane as well * as the biting sarcasm for which he was famous. Fisticuffs, too, were rather more dignified then j than now; but though I have seen the Judge t several times attempt to take things high-hand- t ed in a dispute, some one always interfered, af- 1 ter one or two blows, and stopjx*! the combat- ( ants ; and neither party could boast, without * some lower in state might have thought chas- | tisement from the astute Judge an honorable mark of attention) in the spirit of Dr. Will's when the Duke of Saxe Wiemar, at a recep- t tion given to his Royal Highness by Judge 1 DeSaussure, turned and begged the gentleman's pardon for stepping on his toe in the crush. "Quit^ welcome, sir; quite welcome," replied the honored Esculapius. From his early residence, high position and dogmatical character, Judge Smith was long the autocrat of York. True, he was tyrannical to some extent; but for many years he was the pride of our district. Early in life she bestowed on him her honors; later he showed the wisdom of her trust, winning high places for himself and from them reflecting back on her his fame. So if not loved, he was universally looked up to and respected. To young men he was full of good advice, dud often times kind and encouraging to them. In some points his example is worthy | of imitation. A reformed prodigal, filling places of great trust; poor at the beginning of life, at the end possessed of a princely fortune, gained by his determination and energy. Listless idler! weary loafer! turn over a new leaf?"go thou and do likewise." [to be continued.] Poor Old Horse.?"When he dies he is bled, and his blood is preserved for the use of the dyer. The mane and tail are next cut off for the manufacture of seives, hair cloths, and bow strings for the violin ; the shoes are taken j off for the nailer; the hoofs are cut off for 1 various other kinds of horn-work, and a portion of the feet goes to the glue maker; the ! skin is stripped off for the tanner, who con- i verts it into excellent leather for boots and 1 harness, and the collar maker finds it in its ' i . . .i- i?x .i c. xl TOUgn Slate, tne uesi umieuui lurcmuimuccj. i i The flesh is then cut up for carniverous beasts !; in menageries, or for dogs, and, though with-1 < out knowing they are hippophagi, (a club of horse-eaters, who regularly advertise their club days) some of our fellow-creatures are regaled in the cheap eating-houses of great r< European cities with delicate bits of carcass j in the form of pates, pretended beef-steaks or soup. i j When tie flesh and fat have been removed,1 the stomath and intestines are laid aside for machine ttraps and strings for musical in-1 struments, and are often sold, for the last ! purpose, as the best Naples cords; the ribs I are turned into buttons and children's toys; ; the large round bones serve for tweezers, whistles, ferrules, knife handles, cups, balls ( I and dominies. The bones of the head are [ i either consuned in heating furnaces or crushed | for manure. The remainder of the carcass is i i burnt for nanure. A very useful animal is I the horse, living or dead; and those who "pay ' for dead horse," are, according to the above : statement, mt in such a very unprofitable bu-1 siness after til. ibf. j&tfltj) Mfe THE TRAPPER'S FATE! In a lovely valley, just under the shadow >f what is now known as the "Bijon Hills," i Canadian trapper, alter whom the range ;akes its name, built him a little cabin and jegan plying his trades in the neighboring waters and along the slppes of the mountains ying a few miles westward. Henry Bijon was a thorough specimen of lie class; brave, hardy, generous, and skill d, not only in the art of trapping, but in jcrder war&re as well. . > . (For: four or five seasons the trapper remained in his cabin unmolested, > althou(& he Iras oc&ted in the heart of the SiouSf- hunting rounds, a tribe that from time immemorial i?d been the bitter foe of the wh&i man, arid vhowere never known to space one<of.the IJ?UJU race. > "Ji fl^L The cabin of the trapped wa&fc *?have trtimated, situated in a valley,S|K had bq&n >ililt so that the rear wall was fijJf^d^y tw ace of a high cliff, the perpendicular surface f which rose from the level st^aed- beneath o the height of an hundred*feet or more, jogs cut from the timber skirting the river, ogether with loose stones gathered near at and, served to complete his primitive thongh *mfortable dwelling. Below the mouth of the valley ran the rivi| in which Bijou set his traps for beaver and iter, with which the stream abounded in peat plentitude, while the vast prairies afirded game for his subsistence. . It was the opening of the^fiflh winter of lijon's sojourn hi this locality, and towards he close of a day in early November, that, as e was returning from a visit to the river, he ras startled by discovering the trail of a band f Indians going westward, but recently made, nd which passed around the base of the hill nd up the ravine lying next the valley in hich he live! Bijon's experience -enabled him. to tell at a. lance, that the party was a large one, that hpv vuoro Kmvpo mir? wni-SA t.Kan nil else. bat they were on the war path, i The quick perception of the trapper at once nggested that the avoidance of his cabin hod een accidental, and that,-in all probability, e owed his escape to the beating storm that ;' ad prevailed since morning, and which Ijad i?vetifed the IntfianB from' exdrcislng their sual vigilance. To alt-appearance the Sioux had been toil ly unaware of the presence of any one in le neighborhood, and seemed to be pushing head as rapidly as possible, and Bijon, after dlowing the trail for a couple of miles, gave p the pursuit and returnea to hi9 cabin just s night set in. Although the Indians had passed in the lanner described, yet' there still lingered a seling of Unrest and suspicion in the mind f the trapper, which caused him to exercise nusual care in barricading the door and renering all as secure as might be. He motioni his dog to a place before the door, and then jaching down his long heavy rifle, placed the eapon within easy reach of his hand. The hours drew slowly along, the storm histled without, the dog dozed and winked t his post, and yet no sign of the enemy j ime, and the trapper began to nod and snotfj conre hm^fgonV, and^Bijon fas -beginning to feel that his fdars had been groundless, when his attention was suddenly ittracted to the dog, who had risen to his feet md was now growling, with every hair erect md eyes blazing with anger and excitement. The warning was sufficient, and the trapper tnew that his foes were upon him. With a view-to some such emergency, Bijon lad, in building the cabin, left a place of igress from the rear of the room ana against ;he face of the cliff, and he now had reason ? congratulate himself upon his forethought. For some time nothing could be heard save he whistling wind, as it surged up the valley, ;he monotone of "which was occasionally broten by the low whining of the dog, as he icented the breeze that to him was laden with he presence of his enemies. Suddenly, and without a moment's warnng, came the long, mournful howl of the nountain wolf, rising loud and clear above ;he roaring elements without, and causing the rapper to spring to his feet, while a shadow >f anger swept over his bronzed and weatheroeaten face. His practiced ear had instantly letected the counterfeit, and he smiled sar;astically, as he uttered the single woid: "Sioux Prompt in action under all circumstances, he trapper quickly adopted the only course ieft to pursue. To attempt to hold the cabin ivoald be folly; retreat was his only hope. Looking carefully to his arms, and then seizng a small quantity of jerked meat, the trapper softly lowered the barrier at the rear enhance, and with a backward glance at his mmfortable quarters, stepped, out into the larkness of tne pittiless night. Closely hugging the foot of the cliff, he :rept on hands and knees, from cover to covjr, and slowly drew away from the doomed house. No crouching form was encountered, md at length the protecting shadows- of the timber were reached. By his side crawled the faithful dog, moving in perfect silence, and jeemingly as fully alive to the danger that menaced as was the master himself. Once within the shelter of the undergrowth, the trapper turned and looked back towards the spot he had just fcft. All was silent as the grave, and one less experienced than Bijon would have thought the dog's warning to be false. But the trapper knew - better. He knew the blow would be struck, surely and fatally, and that before many minutes had elapsed. And so it was. Again that mournful, dreary howl, this time in close proximity; again the answering signal that told all was in readiness, and then out upon the night wind there broke a sound that seemed as though a thousand demons had been loosed upon the earth. At the same moment the clouds broke away, and through the rifts a dim, uncertain light struggled down and pervaded the scene. Through the musty vail the trapper saw shadowy forms, with exultant ejaculations, and wildly brandishing arms, leaping like beasts of prey towards their intended victim. The warriors swarmed about the hut, and the next moment the ouick rattle of many axes was heard as they cut away the door to effect an entrance. A crash, and as the barrier gave way the warriors disappeared within, tne next moment to appear agaiu, yelling with rage and disoppointment at the escape of their prey. Several bore blazing faggots in their hands, and seemingly forgetting all idea of plunder, so great was their anger, they at once applied the torch to the thatched roof of the building. In an instant the valley was lit up with an almost noon-tide brightness, bringing out in bold relief the figures of the warriors, who were, with singular hardihood, standing grouped before the blazing pile, fully exposed to the aim of the trapper, should lie feel inclined to wreak a vengeance for the loss of his cabin. Only a moment, however, did they so remain ; for simultaneously, and with instinctive caution, they scattered and leaped for cover as best it might be found. This movement was made a moment too late. With the first motion 011 the part of the Indians, came the sharp, whip-like report of the trapper's rifle, aud a Siou .varrior, leaping convulsively upward, fell in the agonies of death. The smoke from the hunter's piece had not drifted a foot in the air, before he was bounding away under cover of the timber, skirting it closely, while making , his way across the mouth of the valley to the hill beyond. Swift as a deer the Canadian ran, and passing the spur or foot oft the hill, he emerged from the timber, and, trailing his long rule, sprang up the acclivity, and reaching the summit, threw' himself upon his face, and onee more gazed in the valley beneath. The building was still burning brightly, but not a sign of his foes could be seen, indeed, the trapper did not anticipate an oppor* I tunity for another shot, and only stopped on the hill-top in a spirit of reckless curiosity. His better sense cautioned an inrtant{flight, that he might put as touch ground between himself and his enemies as possihle' beft^e daybreak should reveal his trail to the Jyhxeyes that would be sure to search for tye, Bof still he lingered, trusting to elude theiLi^o. by taking to the mountains,'frith of which be w^s acquainted. T jHHH Once or twice he caught sight oPflHfifig,' shadowy forms leaping from cover to cover. They were the Sioux warriors' -seeking their daring foe. and he knew them well enough to feel assured they would never give over the hunt as long as a single chance of his Capture remained. Another hour passed, and yet he lay quietly watching, a thirst for vengeance prompting the dangerous delay. He had determined to have one more shot and then away. . His patience was . at length rewarded by seeiug a tufted head slowly and cautiously emerge from a little clump of alder bushes, about one hundred yards from where he lay, and eagerly peer about on every hand. The, shot was a long one in so uncertain a light,' the cabin being now nearly consumed; but he was determined to risk it The head was withdrawn and then thrust forth, this time fully exposing the brawny chest and shoulders of the Sioux warrior.' 'Reaching forward his rifle.: and resting it full length upon the crest of the hill, the trapper took a long and, careful, aim and fired. . The crack of the piece was echoed by a shrill yell of pain, and the savage sprung out into full view, vainly clutching at the empty air, reeled, tottered and fell a corpse, amid the long grass of the valley. As before, Bijon bounded from the spot, leaping like a deer from the hillside, and nnnn J SiniUIJH UJJ tuc vuaacJJ uiouc AVI tug V^w? | plain that lay between the range of hills and the base of the mountains, a mile or two distant. Swiftly he ran, but there were runners upon his trail as swift as he; and it now beI came a race of life and death who should first reach the. haven for which the trapper was mating. Out on the prairie, his form became visible to his pursuers, and the full band gave tohgue in a series of exnltant yells as their quarry came into view.. v Bijon loaded as he ran, pouring in the powder by guess, and sending the ball home without a patch?cool and collected, even amid the fearful peril that his own rashness had brought upon him. [ He managed to maintain the lead with which he had started; and as he neared the \ first rising ground that told of a near approach, ; to the mountains proper, he gradually back over the course lle had just travele^^P The first faint flashes of the coming dawn were now perceptible in the east, and the gray, mysterious light that precedes the opening day pervaded the wide sweep of the level prairie. Far out the traveler could see the struggling forms of his relentless pursuers, while, ever and anon, on the fresh breeze of the morning, their savage yells would be borne to his ears. Bijon rested but long enough to gather new breath, and then he turned and breasted the steeps that lay before him. So far, fortune seemed to have favored in every way the daring efforts of the man; but just at this point, she, always fickle, deserted and went over to his foes. Even as the trapper turned his face up the mountain, a new and totally unexpected danger started up in his path. Upon a ledge of rocks, a few hundred yards up the acclivity, there suddenly appeared the forms of men, and as the startled gaze of Bijon rested upon them a moment in utter bewilderment, he saw, with a feeling as nearly approaching to terror as it was possible for him to feel, that they were Indian warriors, and Sioux at that. Still the wonderful nerve of the man gave - i -i l - ---'xi J:j i_ _ i doc away ; ueitncr uiu ne iuae uu picscuuc ui mind for ail instant. . \ The warriors on the rock caught sight of the fugitive about the same time that he saw them, and instantly set up their yelling in answer to that of their fellows out on the prairie. It was now plain to the trapper that he had been trapped. He had deliberately run his head into the ambush laid for him by the Sioux in case hie succeeded in eluding them at the cabiu. The band had divided, and the braves on the cliff were those who had remained to cut off his retreat. Bijon was not a man to succumb to adverse circumstances without a desperate effort to conquer them. And the veil of the savages had not ceased echoing before he had adopted a new plan of proceedure, and was away with redoubled speed, upon a course at right angles to the one he had been pursuing. The situation was briefly this: The trapper occupied the centre of the base line of a triangle, the Sioux^Jjraveft^L^^ end of the same line, and all ing to reach a certain point, which would be the apex or place of conjunction of the two side lines of the criangle. . This apex, or objective point, was an immense boulder and lay at the foot of a very high precipice, there being between this rock and the face of the cliff room sufficient for a man to pass behind, and be concealed from any one standing out upon the prairie. A natural fortification was then formed, and from whence a determined man might make a good fight with almost any number. ' Such, then, was the spot for which Bijon was straining every nerve to reach. It was now his only hope to sell his life as deaTly as possible, for, even though he should gain the position, he knew he would eventually be overcome. The race was close, the warriors having the advantage of descending ground, but which at the same time was here and there broken by rain washes, which very materially retarded their progress; while those out on the prairie had a perfectly level course on which to run. Bijou held the short line and better ground ! over which to travel, than either of the oth! ers. As a natural result the pursuers and the j pursued were constantly drawing nearer to i each other, and now the warriors above be! gan to open fire upon the trapper with both j rifle and arrow, and the missiles hurled and j hissed about his head in dangerous proximity. Still he held his way silently, stubbornly? | evidently with a determination to win. And now the goal is in sight, near at hand, : and renewed efforts are being put forth by the ! pursuers. Two hundred yards more, and the trapper i j will gain the race. The balls and arrows fly 1 about his head in showers, yet he is unharm, ed. The Sioux seek to discourage or intimij date their quarry, by the most unearthly yells, ;; hut of no avail. The trapper keeps steadily ; to the task before him, for he knows it may purchase a few more hours of life: The rock is reached! With a shout of de- j fiance, and an exultant wave of the hand the daring man leaps for the entrance behind the impenetrable barrier. The Sioux warriors give vent to yells of rage and disappointment, and send after the fleeing man a volley of balls?the last, but most fatal of all?for even as Bijon turns the protecting corner, he reels, Jtaggers, and falls heavily against the face of the rugged precipice. Even in the moment of transitory triumph he feels that he has received his death wound. I - With indomitable will, however, Bijon ( shook off the feeling of stupor and deadly ( sickness that followed the blow, and clutchiug the sides of the rock, he dragged himself to a position that would command the plain in' front. Here he fguad a ledge upon which he reclined, and throwing forward his rifle at rest upon the surface of the rock, he awaited, while nia life blood flowed silently away, further developments upon the part of the savSioux ht\d,.with wholesome dread Hyjje tapper's rifle, drawn clear of range, (and were now grouped together out on the prairie, apparently in council as to the best mode of attack. The conclusion was evidently soon arrived at, for the warriors scattered, and, in what is known in civilized warfare as skirmish line, began advancing upon the position held by the trapper. Leaping from side to side, yelling and dancing like demons, to distract the trapper's aim, the savages drew in their line closer and closer, evidently striving to draw Bijou's fire, while still at a distance. But behind the rock all was silent, and but for the long, dark tube projecting full in their faces, the Indians might have concluded the place abandoned. Nearer and nearer the fearful semi-circle drew its folds, and wilder and more furiously leaped the grim and savage figures of the advancing warriors. Suddenly from over the surface of the high boulder a faint puff of white smoke arose, the sharp crack of the piece followed, and for the third time a Sioux warrior went down before that fatal aim. With a yell of vengeance, the band, as one man, leaped forward upon the now unarmed man. Around the rock, and into the narrow entrance they swarmed) feach striving to be the first to deal the deadly blow; and yet they met with no resistance. The foremost warriors paused as they passed the angle, and with feeling of profound astonishment depicted upon their painted faces, gazed upon the unexpected sight that met their gaze. Upon a ledge of rock, the discharged nfle still held to his face as when sighting to fire, sat the form of the trapper." He turned not his head, nor did he move from the attitude in which he was discovered, and when a warrior stepped forward and laid his hand upon his shoulder, he saw that the rifle that had that night made three widows in his tribe, was held in ' the grasp of a dead hgnd. The Importance of Learning a Trade. A writer in the Manufacturer and Biulder pertinently asks : "Why is it that there is such a repugnance on the part of parents to putting Jtlieir sons to a trade ?" ' A skilled mechanic is an independent roan. Go where he will, his craft will bring hira support He need ask favors of none. He has, j dteitiKyJus fortune iu. h jffowmjipj|d8)(|Yeti rent$ ^amtuious that tneir "sons should rise in the world," a3 they say, are' more willingifiat they shoultftftudy for a profession, with the chances of even moderate success heavily against them, or run the risk of spending their manhood in the ignoble task of retailing dry goods, or of toiling laboriously at the accountant's desk, than learn a trade which would give them manly strength, health and independence. In point of fact, the method they choose is the one least likely to achieve the advancement aimed at; for the supply of candidates for positions as "errand boys," dry goods clerks, and kindred occupations is notoriously overstocked, while, on the other hand, the demand for really skilled mechanics, of every description, is as notoriously beyond the supply. The crying need of this country to-day is for skilled labor; and il.i, 1.~ ..?u:? Lllllv IclliiCl VVI1U I1CJJ1WU5 tu LUUVUUG 11IO OUJL1 with a useful trade, and see tliathe thoroughly masters it, does him a grievous wrong, and runs the risk of helping, by so much, to increase the stock-of idle and dependent, if not viciousj members of society. It is stated in the report of the Prison Association, lately issued, that of fourteen thousand five hundred and ninety-six prisoners confined in the penitentiaries of thirty States, in 1870, seventy-seven per cent., or over ten thousand of the number, had never learned a trade. The fact conveys a lesson of profound interest to those who have in charge the training of boys, and girls too, for the active duties of life. ? ? To See Down a Well.?The New Hampshire Journal of Agriculture suggests an excellent plan for examining the bottom of a well: "It is not generally known how easy a matter it is to examine the bottom of a well, cistern or pond of water by the use of a common mirror. When the sun is shining brightly, hold a mirror so that the reflected rays of li^ht will fall into the water. A bright spot will be seen at the bottom, so light as to show the smallest object very plainly. . By this means we have examined the bottoms of wells fifty feet deep, when half full or more of water. The smallest straw or other small object can be perfectly seen from the surface. In the same way one can examine the bot^fljfcsLpcnds and rivers, if the water be somewSatclear, and not agitated by winds of rapid m'ltion. If a well or cistern be under cover, or shaded by buildings, so that the sunlight will not fall near the opening, it is only necessary to employ two mirrors, using one to reflect the light to the opening, and another to send it down perpendicularly into the water. Light may be thrown fifty or a hundred yards the precise spot desired, and then reflected downward. Ave have used the mirror with success to reflect the light around a field to a shaded spot, and also to carry it from a south window, through two rooms, and then into a cistern on the north side of a house. Half a dozen reflections of the light may be made, though each mirror diminishes the brilliancy of the light. Let any on^ not familiar with this method try it, and he will find it not only useful, but a pleasing experiment. It will, perhaps, reveal a mass of sediment at the bottom of a well that has been little thought of, but which may have been a fruitful source of disease by its decay in the water." Carrying Out the Fifteenth Amendment.?A bill to enforce the fifteenth amendment has been reported back from the judiciary Committee of the House of Representatives, with an amendment in the nature of a substitute, "to enforce the right of citizens in the United States, to vote in the several States of the Union, who have hitherto been denied that right on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude." This new bill embraces a pretty comprehensive list of fines and imprisonments against any officials, national or local, and any person or persons who shall directly or indirectly be proved guilty before a United States court of preventing the exercise of the right of suffrage by citizens of African descent. The passage of such a bill being inevitable, the recognition of the right of coloredmen to vote is the course which common sense will suggest to all parties.?Baltimore Sun. PRESENTMENT OF THE GRAND JURY. To the HonorabhW. M. Thomas, Presiding Judge: We, the Grand Jurore for March Term of the Court of Common Pleas and General Sessions for York county, would respectfully submit the following report: We have inspected the condition of the Court House, Jail, Poor House and Public Offices of the county, and are satisfied that the public duties have been faithfully discharged by the officers to whom they were assigned. We found at the Poor House eighteen white'and four colored paupers, who appeared comfortable. The County Commissioners, to whom this duty is entrusted, seem to have cared well for the inmates in providing for every want in their power. We found tne County Jail in good condition, and'every effort rendered by the Sheriff' to make the Jail comfortable as well as secure. We would recommend that one of the prison rooms be repaired, which we found locked, to prevent the prisoners from access, and the shutters to the cells be repaired, | and the front of the Jail be enclosed $rith paling or .fencing to prevent the sfyelfcering of nogs and cattle. The Cfeurt'House and offices connected therewith we fouhd in good order. The public roads and bridges of the codfcty require repairs; and as the law now in relation to this duty is understood, we respectfully urge upon the County .Commissioners the immediate'repair of the roads and bridges. We submit that we have carefully and patiently investigated the matter of the military organization for the preservation of the pe$ce of York county, having summoned before us every witness desired, either for or against said organization. Upon examination of-fell the evidence we could obtain from any source, which evidence was testified to by- mdre than forty witnesses, we present the following statement of facts as we understand tliem; Several persons have been purqqed,' with the intention of inflicting personal injury' upon them, and some of .these persons have been captured and whipped by parties of men unlawfully assembled for the purpose mentioned. No citizen of ^bis county is, implicated by the evidence, in any case reported to us. The unlawful violators of the peace are, by the evidence of the complainants, said to be strangers in this county. And the complainants were, in every instance, persons, who had recently come Into this county from' North Carolina. With one exception; said complainants had been involved in personal quarrels, and all of them were, puriued by parties from that State. , ,|, Some time in January, 1870, a building on the premises of Henry J. Hyllender, in Cherokee township, which builaing was,situated some four hundred yards from said Hullender's house and occupied as a residence by one Bill Wright, colored, was set on fire and burned to the ground by a party of men, number unknown. These men claimed to be * rr\ \ V i. Al _ !J rrom aenneesee, acooraing 10 me eviueucp 01 some witnesses, and from North Carolina, &p-' cording to other witnesses. No citizen of this county has been implicated in belonging to or being one of this party. Said men professed to be in search ot Bill Wright, colored, Ibr the purpose of inflicting personal injury upon him, as a punishment for keeping a young white girl as his concubine. Said Wright made his escape, uninjured, from his pursuers, and there is no evidence to prjivte that lawless bands of armed men have I eral witnesses that said Wright is a man of | bad character; that he has been ^ aty^of horse-stealing; and that he recently came into this county from Cleveland county, North Carolina, for the reason that he was obnoxious to certain citizens of said county, and had been warned to leave it. Said Hullender, being alarmed for the safety of his property, applied to H. K. Roberts, a magistrate of this county, for protection. By the advice of said Roberts, and, according to some witnesses and contrary to others, of John L. Watson, formerly a magistrate of this county, Hullender, without seeking further the protection of the civil officers of this county, made a personal application to his Excellency, Robert K. Scott, Governor of South Carolina, for military protection. It appears that Hullender went to Colombia, and, after consulting with . J. L. Neagle, a member of the Legislature from York county, and without consulting the other members of the Legislature from York county, had an interview with the Governor, and presented letters from said- Roberts and Watson. On the 28th day of the same month, a detachment of theState constabulary force,?in number, under command of ? Littlefield, deputy State Constable, came to Hollander's house. In a few days thereafter a military company was organized, with John R. Fans as captain, and H. K. Roberts, as lieutenant. R. H. Glenn, Sheriff of'York county, testifies that he was npt at the time, and has not since been, officially informed of the organization of said company; and, further, that he has never found any difficulty in making arrests of persons against whom warrants were issued, nor called upon the Governor for aid in preserving the peace of the county. Two constables of the county bear witness to the same effect, and every witness interrogated upon this point testifies that the civil officers of the county have never been found unable to make arrests. On .the night of the 17th day of February, a store, situated, at New House postoffice, in the vicinity of the camp of said military company; and belonging to John McGill, was robbed by parties unknown. On the morning of the first day of March following, another store belonging to said McGill, which was situated on Clark's Fork, ten miles from the New House store, was set on fire and burned by parties unknown to us. On the first day of the same month, S. F. Noyes, a State constable, offered his services to said McGill, to aid in detecting and arresting the persons who had stolen and destroyed his property. His services being accepted, said Noyes went to the camp of Captain Faris' company and requested a detachment of men, to report to him for duty, which request was not complied with or communicated by Faris to his men. Said Noyes also stationed a detachment of men belonging to the company to picket the roads leading from the burnt store through the lines of the company, with orders to intercept and question persons who might pass. Said pickets soon afterwards left their post without permission from said Noyes, who testifies that, in his opinion, the arrest of certain persons, suspected of the previous robbery of the store, was thereby prevented. Out the 8th day of the same month, said Noyes, assisted by some forty or fifty citizens of York county, whose aid he had requested, arrested James Beiry and Thomas Berry, on the charge of robbing the store at New House and burning the store on Clark's Fork. He also arrested John D. Pursley and William B. Stewart, on the charge of abetting the robbery of the New House store.. Said Pursley and Stewart are members qf Captain Faris' company. It is testified by three witnesses that said John R. Faris came into Yorkville on the morning when the store on Clark's Fork waa i burned, and left the town on the train of the King's Mountain railroad; and that, before leaving, he said he had, on his way to town, seen a bright light as of a house on fire, and that from its location he thought it must be the Clark's Fork store of John McGill. Said Faris testifies that he first heard of the fire nearly three days afterwards, and while he was in the city of Columbia. % Ou tfef same day, that of the burning, ft petition for the removal of said company'was forwarded to the Governor of South Carolina, through the hands of a citizen of this county, whic^i petition war signed by some two hundred citizens, more" than one hundred and fifty of whom reside mr>Cherokee tQWnehip. Said petition contained die pledge ofthe signers thereof to sustain t^e laws of the State, and their condemnation.of all violation of the laws, in any and every form, It was presented to the Governor and read in full to him. In reply, his Excellency said that ,He had already disbanded all \jf tn? said company except fifteen men, whom he intended to keep in service for a short time, as a guard for the arms belonging to the State which were in the hands of said company, and to keep the peace in case of any disturbance; but that he would soon disband these also. His Excellency further said that the men disbanded would still be liable to be called on, in case of necessity, but would receive no further pay, except for actual service. j '; Writ. B. Rose and1 John W: Meade, memben of the Legislature'from Yo A county, who were in Columbia when Hall end er applied to the Governor for military protection, testified tbat his Excellency, the tiovernor, aia not consult with them about the organizing of a military police in York county, or notify them that he had been applied to for such protection. The other members of the Legislature fropi York -county were summoned to testify before us, but were, for good reasons, unable te appear. The evidence adduced with reference to the effects of placing authority in . the hands of said military company, does not show that the peace of the county and safety of person and property have been promoted thereby. These have, on the contrary,.been endangered, through the general character and reputation of the men enlisted and the promotion of discord, by reason of a difference, in political opinion between the members of said company and a majority of the citizens residing in the vicinity. It is in evidence that many of the company, including the officers thereof, are not men of good character; that their conduct and language are such that no* lady of good refute wBI1 voluntarily pass by their camp; and that some of them have boasted that tne company will be kept on duty .until after the State election in October next, and have threatened, in case of any effort on the part of citizens to have the company disbanded, to burn the houses of all concerned. We, therefore, present the military compa-. ny commanded by John R. Faris, under the authority of the Governor of South Carolina, as unnecessary for the preservation of, and dangerous to, the peace of this county; as wholly Incompetent to enforce the laws, in case their aid were needed for that purpose; as a nuisance to the township in which it is stationed ; as an unlawful ana unjust burden upon the county, on account of the expense thereby thrown upon our citizens, which amount* to a l&rcre sum : as a violation of the constitution of these United States, which guarantees to every State a republican form of government?a form of government wtych cannot exist where the constituted civil authorities may be' set aside, at the pleasure of a Governor who is amenable to no tribunal but his own sovereign will, and the lives, liberties and property of citizens are placed in the hands of a military organization, not reaponHthlp law fonthtgr conduct JOHN & BRATTON,^ S. G. HEMPHILL, M. L. TATE, J. D. JOHNSTON, JOHN McCANTS, W.B.BYERS*. u WM. HORTON, W. G. DOWDLE, . , R. L. HOPE, u J.B.RODDY, ALLEN BEATTY, ALEX. GUNN, ; j . /"MINGO ARMSTRONG;' : ROBT. MASON, GREEN AVERY, SAM BYRD, JEFFERSON ADICKES. March 18,1870. 12 ' it' jladittfl. 4 ' ' From the Columbia Guardian. / s ' [' THE TURKISH BATHS. ! . Mean. Editors: It has occurred to me that, inasmuch as our people may not be familiar ivfith the details of the Hammam or Turkish .bath recently mentioned by 'you, it might be of interest to give some account of it There'are only three establishments of any note in New York, so .far. as I found upon inquiry; and I visited all of them for the purpose . of finding the best. They are generally in charge of a physician, who gives general, advice without a separate fee. The price Of t.inkata.ia about a Hollar anipoa whan taken by occasional visitors, being cheaper when taken. by the dozen than when taken singly. I found one bath connected with a hotel like barber-shops frequently are; one separate and only a bain; and one, which was by far the best of the three?on Brooklyn Heights, 65 Columbia street, Brooklyn?combined a boarding-house and Turkish baths. Here the boarder was entitled to two or three baths a week as a part of the entertainment. This arrangement struck me as being a fine one for invalids; especially as the price of boarding was lower than it could be had in the city proper; and the locality commanding a magnificent view of the city of New York. The view from Brooklyn'Heights is picturesque in the extreme. There is none of the closeness that one feels in the heart of the city in summer time; but a constant breeze keeps d<rwn the sultry heat. This establishment is dircted by Dr. Shepard, who prepared himself for the business by extensive travel on the eastern continent. The building is divided into two separate parts?one for ladies and one for gentlemen. To take a Turkish bath occupies about an hour. The bather, after registering his name is shown into a dressing room, where he prepares himself for the bath, and then enters the warm room, where the dry air is about 115 degrees Fahrenheit, remaining there until ready for the hot room. Here the temperature is 140 degrees?still the transition is so arranged as to make it agreeable to most persons. When in a proper state (which is determined by a skillnil attendant,) he proceeds to a wash room and there is put through a process known in the East as shampooing?a process occupying a half hour, more or less, in which ea<Jh one of the seven millions of pores in. his body receives attention; and the transition from hot to cold is so skilfully managed as to be a delightful experience. Altogether, this shampooing is cae of those devices of pleasure that only an Oriental genius could hit upon. It leaves nothing to be desired in the way of putting the skin in its best condition, a consummation beyond the power of mere water baths whenever the system has become clogged, as is so often the case in warm climates, by the use of unwholesome food and other depressing causes. From ' the wash room the bather is conducted to a drying apartment, where he is thoroughly 1 dried; and then goes to the cooling room, where he reclines upon a lounge properly attired and constantly advised until in the prop- , er condition to resume his dress, which is done in the dressing room from whence he started. The popular idea of this process is that it is weakening; but it is quite the reverse. The bather feels stronger, more elastic and ready for aetivity the moment he leaves the dressing room for the street Experience has shown that thisbath has especial curative powers in all diseases of the skin, digestion and breath* ing apparatus; and these three cover really the sum of our fleshlwills. ; INVALID. t , J ?. ' ' ' V? ? I. THE NEGRO IN SOUTH CAROLINA. The history of the .colored race in South Carolina commences with the year 1671?199 years ago. i(In April of that year, Sir John Yeam&ns (the third of the proprietary Governors of this State) brought with him a number of Africans to till his large farm on Ashley river. This was twenty-five years before the introduction of rice into the State, and many more before cotton was first planted. Cereals and animal products, were tnen the objects of the planter's attention. The number of colored race increased very rapidly; so much so that in thirty-seven years?in 1708, that is? the census returns show a greater number of them than of whites. There were 4,100 of them, while the number of .the whites, was 4,08(1. ' There were, at the same time, 1,400Indians held by the colonists as slaves. In 1787, South Carolina closed the slave trade by legislation, making it a penal offence to briug slaves into the State. This, it will be remembered, was twentv vears sooner tbAn either the United States or Great Britain took direct measures against the slave trade. In 1790, three years after this legislation against slavery by South Carolina, the whites were in a majority, the entire population of the State being about 250,000. AfWthat time, the colored race increased more rapidly than the -white, until the war. fa 1860, the two races stood colored 412,320; white 291,388. At the close of the war?we mean, of course, in 1869?the races had both decreased? the colored being 386,139 ; and the white, 274,962. It is more than probable that the decrease of the colored race in these nine years (26,182) has been almost entirely since the war; whereas the decrease of the white race (16,427) occurred during the war. The only authoritative registry of deaths that we have in the State is in Charleston; and by reference to the mortuary reports published weekly, it will be seen that m that city the disparity of deaths still continues. The rate of deaths is about five colored to three dnd a half white.?r.Coiumbia Guardian. ; THE WEALTH/OF JOB* , Atthis distance of time, supposed to be 3,600 years srocehe existed, it is difficult to estimate his wealth, butas some items are given, it may be attempted, although the relative value of money at the extremes of 3,600 years, leaves us at a loss to calculate the precise amount i.i < ? ;.'! , 1. The extent of land he owned i may be found from the support his stock needed. 7,000 sheen would reouire a ranee of as many acres. 3,000 camels would need 5 acres each. 1,000 yoke of oxen, an equal range of five acres with the camels. 500 asses about two acres each. And his household, which was "verjggreat," 2,000. Iiwhll, 30,000 acres. The value of this amount at $5 per acre?$150,0Q0. ? 2. The cost of Job's cattle, 7,000 sheep at jkg $2 each [ 3,000 camels probably at $50; 1,0Q0 oxen porary with Job, couldmuster in his. ownfiun^^J ily retinue 318 trained men at arms. As ^ many more must have remained at. home to attend to his fiock, etc., when the patriarch went in pursuit of the invaders of Lot's territory. .job' may haye had 300. Their pay and support $20,000.!,. 4. the necessaiyhonse&for Hviogend shelter and the folas, could! hot. be less than $25,ooor The whole value of the.above would be $370,000. All this wealth seems incredible, were it not declared by the voice of Inspiration. > At the close of the Sacred Booh we are toM that even this amount was duplicated, or $740,When we compare this with the relative present value of money with that of Job's day, his wealth wae enormous.?Episcopalian. The Port Royal Railroad.?The Augusta Qmgtitutionalist of Friday says: "The contract for building the passenger and freight cars for the Port Royal Railroad was made to-day with the Dawson Mairafhcturing Company, Dawson, Georgia. Notwithstanding the great delay in the grading of the road Ded, occasioned by the continuous wet weather and high waters for the past two months, the work is being built with solid bank, and avoiding trestle work when it can be done, making a safe and permanent road. Fifty-eight miles, extending from Yemassee (the junction of the Charleston and Savannah Railroad) to Steel Creek, will be completed and in running'order by the 15th of May next, and the iron for the entire line is now being shipped from the mills where it is manufactured. The unity-five mues extending irom hteel Ureek to the City of Augusta, is rapidly approaching completion, and the timber for the superstructure of the bridge across the Savannah River is being prepared. The progress and energy displayed in the pushing of the work on this road, gives us every assurance that the entire line from Augusta to Port Royal will be completed and opened for travel by the time promised by the builder, September ne*t" ... ?. Meningetis and its Cube.?The ravages of this peculiar disease in the interior counties of Georgia have reached, within the last few weeks, almost the character and mortality of an epidemic. The physicians fiild it difficult to combat the terrible and fatally sudden movements of the disease, but Dr. T. J. "Wood, of Columbus, a physician of note, and whose treatment of several cases has always met with remarkable success, offers the following remedy : "My plan was to bleed them freely from a large orifice, until I made a decided impression upon the pulse, and until there was a manifest relaxation of the muscular rigidity and tension and temperature of the skin. I then put them upon nauseating potions of tartar emetic and give a brisk mercurial purgative, and applied a large blister to the spine, extending from the occiput to the lower angle of the scapular. After the action of the purgative, I continued the mercury and tartar emetic in alterative portions/ combined with Dover powder, if it was disposed to act too freely upon the bowels. . And if reaction was fully established before relief, I repeated the bleeding. Under this treatment I had the satisfaction of seeing my patients relieved, in from six to twelve and twenty-four hours, of all: symptoms of the disease." A cup of coffee is a fair barometer, if you allow the sugar to drop to the bottom of a cup and watch ti e bubbles arising without disturbing the coffee. If the bubbles collect in the middle, the weather will be fine; if they adhere to the cup, forming a ring, it will M rainy; and if the bubbles separate without assuming any fixed position, changeable weather may be expected. tGT Never desert a friend in distress; and to render yourself, incapable of doing anything ao base, form friendships with none but people who are weljl off. I ? I tGf Rumor says the widow of Stonewall Jackson is about to remarry. 1 "V?i< * v