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m \ w - 1 and |a(tis. i In clearing iiuta reservoir at St. Louis, used for suppling the city with water, the bodies of thnt^ttooe children were found. The last man in Tennessee who sold a negro slave at auction, and took in payment therefor Confederate money, is now one of die Radical candidates for Congress. ??A new store has been invented for the oomfortof travellers. -It iatobe put under the feet, with a mustard plaster on the head, which draws the heat through the whole system. -?It is rumored in New York thr,c the colored people of that city are about to hold a mass meeting at the Cooper Institute, in favor of urging upon the Republicanparty the justice of nominating a colored man far Vice President ??It is estimated that the net loss to France of Napoleon's campaign in Mexico will amount to $68,736,000, ana that the sum lost by French subjects who had been driven out is $50,000,000 more. The amount of gold in the vaults of the Treasury Department on the 1st inst, was $108,000,000, of which amount $19,000,000 is payable on certificates. This amount will be reduced this month by the payment of interest on tire-twenty and other bonas, in ail amounting to $18,000,000. ?Place a basin of cold water by the side of year bed: when yon first wake in the morning, dip your hands in and wet your brow, and sleep will not again seal yon in its treacherous embrace. This is the advice given by an aged man, who had been in the habit of rising early daring a long life. The Black Bepublican members of Congress are evidently uneasy abont the prospects of their party in the South. They held a caucus on Monday night to consider "the situation." Their papers report that the caucus decided that work, and money to publish and distribute Black Republican documents in the South, were necessary to sucoess. ?i- Immigrants continue to pour into New York. Boring the six months ending June 30th last, the number of arrivals was 136,826, of whom 28,308 came in sailing vessels, and 108,518 in steamers. All who come are welcome, for their labor is Deeded here, and is so mnch added to the wealth of the nation. Petroleum, as fuel for steamboats, is now admitted to be superior to coaL Several experiments have been made with it at Boston, and their success is beyond question. The last trial took plaoe on the 3d instant, on board the Government steamer, JhHas. The distance steamed wasjortyfbur miles, occupying four hours and ten minutes, and consuming eight barrels of petroleum. Two citizens of Galena, Illinois, were arrested during the war for treasonable utterances, and confined in Fort Lafayette by militaiy authority. They have sued the United States Marshal for damages to the amount of one hundred thousand dollars for false imprisonmentj and the Supreme Court of the State has decided in favor ot tne plaintiffs. The case will go to the United States Court If cucumber and melon vines are touched once with a feather dipped in kerosene, bugs or insects of any kind will not trouble them. It 'will protect turnip and other tender plants from the ravages of the fly. A correspondent says he has used calomel for the last ten years, with invaluable success. He sprinkles a few grains on each hill, and never loses a single plant by bugs. The following is recommended as an almost infallible cure for that painful disease, neuralgia: "Take a large teaspoonful of cologne, two tablespoonsful of fine salt, and mix them together in a small bottle; every time you have any acute affection of the nerves or neuralgia, simply breathe the fumes in your nose from the bottle, and you will be immediately relieved." The last instance of monomania for the acquisition of curiosities we have heard of, is the purchase, for a "collection," of the cast-off shoes of celebrated race-horses and trocting-horses. The blacksmith who shoes most of these turf champions offered the owner of Dexter $5, the other day, for the worn-out shoes the shoer had just taken off that animal, but was informed that $40 could be easily obtained for them. The Texas papers speak of a general disposition among the farmers of that State, to lessen the quantity and improve the quality of the land they cultivate. This change is caused by the scarcity of labor, which leads to improved cultivation and an increase of production from a given quantity of land. The improvement in tne system of cultivation in Texas will ultimately extend to all parts of the South. A letter from Buenos Ayres says: "Large numbers of those unfortunate men and women, beguiled from the United States to emigrate to Brazil, begin to find their way here. They are poor, helpless, deceived, and are witnesses of the v "* a ? a tt , i ri, , o j toliv ot leaving tne unitea estates ior any counuy under the sun. Deceived by runners of various kinds, and finally enlisted in the army. is the fate te of many a poor fellow. " That Brazillian scheme (swindle ?) ought to be exposed. An ingenious savan informs unscientific people that if the earth were shot at the sun from its present distance and with its present velocity, and a telegram simultaneously sent to the solar inhabitants, they would receive the message in five minutes, the earth would he seen coming toward them after the lapse of eight minutes, and they would have nearly two months to prepare for the shock, which would be received over ten years before they heard the explosion. A tunnel under the Atlantic is to be the next grand project The Home Journal says that such a gigantic proposition is even now on foot, and that plenty of capitalists are ready to engage in it as soon as the plans are arranged. It is said that the most eminent engineers, both in America and Europe, have been consulted, and that they have drawn up a report which is perfectly feasible, and only requires time and money torany it out.? The capital required, it is estimated, is five hundred millions English pounds. __ The United States have more milesof railroad in operation than any other country in the world, 36,896 miles being in running order. Next comes Great Britain and Ireland, with 13,286 miles; France, with 8,982 miles; Prussia, with 5,795 miles; Austria, with 3,831 miles; British India, with 3,379 miles; Italy, with 3,213 miles ; Spain, with 3,116 miles; Russia, with 2,775,miles ; and Canada, 2,148 miles. There are in Europe 50,117 miles; in America, 40,866 miles; Asia, 3,660 miles; Africa, 375 miles, and Australia, 308 miles. Stonewall Jackson's war-horse "Superior," which was a gift to the General in 1862, from the citizens of Augusta County, Va., has been sold to a citizen of Macon, by the widow of our lamented hero, whose indigent circumstances necessitated her to part with the animal It was originally designed to^have sent it to Baltimore for sale, but a purchaser was found in Macon who was liberal enough to pay a generous price for him. Mrs. Jackson sent him a photograph of her lovely little daughter Julia, the only living representative of her illustrious father. The Emperor of Austria is always attended by a captain of the guards while out shooting, whose duty it is to observe the effect of each shot and announce it. -The Emperor, for instance, strikes a partridge. "Partridge!" cries the captain. Next time it is a buck. "Buck!" shouts the captain. One day the Emperor fired, missed game, and wounded one of the gentlemen of his nm r ix 1- -X an suite, xne latxer 011 utiug &u uuv unci cm w exclamation. "His Highness the duke ofHackenberg!" announced the captain, without the slightest change of feature or tone. Many years ago, when those who were con demned to suffer by the law had more choice than they have now of the particular tree upon which they should be hanged, a Highlander was sentenced to death for some crime or other^ of which he had been found guilty. The judge, after passing sentence, said, addressing the prisoner, "Donald, it only remains for you to choose the tree upon which you are to be hanged." "Well, well," said Donald, "if her ainsel maun be hanged, she be in no way particular; but for 'a that, her ainsel will iust choose a groser-bush," (gooseberry bush).? The judge whereupon remonstrated with him, saying, "It would not belarge enough." "Och! said Donald, "she be in no hurry; she will just wait till it grows." The failure of the rice crop in South Carolina appears to be beyond a doubt A Charleston paper saysj "The reports from the various districts are very gloomy. The rivers have risen to a great height, in consequence of the recent floods. The local nuns were sufficient to do considerable damage in swelling them, and we understand they have been steadily rising from the immense fall of water in the up-country. The rioe crop of the upriver planters is completely drowned out, and the greatest gloom and despondency prevail" Rice, next to cotton, has been the great staple of the V South, and the limited area and conditions for its tl cultivation, make its failure peculiarly unfortunate. <f East India rice is largely imported, but its quality w is inferior to that of the Carolinas. ' An interesting experiment with an omnibus n drawn by steam on oommoo roads, has just taken ^ place in Paris. A small locomotive, named the , Lormenjat, of two and a half horse power, and d linked to a vehicle containing places for twenty-six o persons, left the exhibition building one afternoon, e and proceeded to the Qui de Billy, on the opposite r side of the Seine. There Prince Napoleon, accom- e panied by several distinguished persons, took their seats in the omnibus, which set out along the av- v enue which leads to the Place du Roi de Rome, a ascending without difficulty the declivity On ar- c riving at the summit of the rise, the vehicle set off f at a speed between seven and eight miles an hour 0 toth? Bois de Boulogne, where it passed with the greatest facility amid the lines of carriages along the banks of the lakes, at that hour so greatly fre- . quented, and after describing circles within an ex- n oeedingly limited space, returned to the Point de t l'Alma. Prince Napoleon expressed his satisfac- a * ' j ? 1 aP fhn now tion to toe inventor ana uie uxreuujis w mc .?v.. r Messageries a Vapeur Company, by .which tbese vehicles are to be worked tnroughout France for the conveyance of passengers. c ?? ??? ???? t ffurMle (frtwuim. 5 =====z===============: I editors: a JAS. E. WILSON J AS. F. HART. 8 YORK VILLE, S. C.: c THURSDAY MORNING, JULY 25, 1867. I t ?It must be distinctly understood that ( our terms for sifbscription, advertising and job- i work, are cash, in advance. ' X.?The paper will be discontinued on the expi- t ration of tne time for which payment has been } made. A Subscriber finding a (?) cross-mark on the wrapper or margin of his paper, will under- c stand that the time paid for has expired. r i RESULT OF AN ADVERTISEMENT. t Many persons entertain the mistaken opinion ^ that the advertising columns of a newspaper are j *? * 'i * l .r not generally read by the puDiic; mat tins pari ui } the paper is examined only by persons wishing to f learn where they can get some particular article, , of which they stand in need at the time of reading. ? That this is a mistaken notion, we think we can ^ prove by a little piece of personal experience. { When the proprietor of the Enquirer was su- t perintending the making up of the paper for pub- } lication two weeks ago, a vacancy of two. lines oc- j curred in one of the advertising columns! After s toying in vain to shift the advertisements so as to fill up the hiatus, it occurred to him that a few blackberries were needed in his home department, and he determined to make known his wants. In ? accordance with this idea, the following modest 1 little notice was inserted: c "Blackberries Wanted.?Apply at the En- J quirer Office." ? This was placed at the foot of a column, no ht- ^ tention being called to it in the list of new adver- i tisements. Yet this obscure statement produced ^ an effect as magical as if a trumpet had been sounded through the land. It was proclaimed to the re- c motest corners of the district that blackberries were ) wanted?and blackberries came; the people speed- i ily responded to the appeal. Within a week some 1 twenty persons appeared at our sanctum, with 1 supplies of the juicy fruit for sale ; so that there is c no longer room to assert that blackberries are wan- ? ted at this office. The influx of berries would doubtless have broken the concern, if we had not c stopped buying. t Most of those who came to sell, had not seen * the advertisement themselves, but heard of it from others. Thus it is seen that the circulation of an ' advertisement extends far beyond that of the pa- 1 per in which it appears. It also proves that no 1 part of a paper fails to secure its share of readers. r Reflect on this, all ye who wish to call public at- * tention to your business, your profession, your t wants, or your supplies. t THE USURPATIONS* OF CONGRESS. \ Unquestionably important as is the problem of the reconstruction of the excluded States, it is fast becoming a matter of secondary importance to the startling changes in the theory of this government g made by the usurped powers of Congress. The t speedy restoration of these States to the Union is vitally essential to the prosperity of the whole t country, provided the Union can be made wbat it j. was before the war. But if, under the pretext of j arranging the details of restoration, the govern- t ment of the Union is so changed as to become direetlv oDDOsed to, and independent of, the Consti tution, which was formerly the sole bond of Union between the States, the mere act of admission to representation in Congress becomes a matter of secondary consideration. We are now governed as territories, directly by the acts of Congress. What difference, in effect, will there be in our condition, if we continue to be governed in like manner, under the name of States ? It is not certain even, that we will be allowed representation ; for Congress has shown, in the case of Kentucky, that it can exclude representatives of undisputed States, if it does not like their political sentiments. The great problem to be solved by this generation of American Statesmen is (not the reconstruc-' tion of the Southern States, but) the preservation of the liberties of all the States. These liberties are in imminent peril from the usurpations of power by the present so-called Congress. Step by step this body has advanced in appropriating to itself all the powers of its co-equals in the government, as originally established. It has, contrary to the opposition of the President and forbidding the interference of the Supreme Court, reduced ten States to the condition of military provinces, whose rulers it has absolved from all allegiance to any authority except itself. It has also assumed the right to sit in judgment upon the Constitutions of States whose status has never been disturbed by I the results of the war?States which have never been out of the Union, and which responded to i every call for troops to aid in the war for the Union. It has passed laws which deprive the Presi- i dent of nearly all the powers conferred upon him i by the Constitution and reduce him to the position i of a police officer, whose sole duty it is to execute , the will of Congress. It has, also, partly by threats < and partly by legislative enactments, silenced the ' Supreme Court and made itself the sole judge of ' the Constitutionality of its laws. < What more can Congress do, but to declare it self perpetual, and refuse the people the right to elect their successors. Nor is there reason to doubt that they will do this, so soon as it becomes apparent that they can no longer control the elections. ' The history of all revolutions testifies that usurpers never stop in their careers of aggrandizement, until forced to do so by arms. The first unlawful acts of usurpers are always accomplished by an appeal to some popular furor and allowed by popular consent. But, growing stronger by degrees, in the end they disdain to ask compliance from the people, holding them in terror by the very out-cry once so pleasing to the people. In this way, France was compelled to wade through seas of blood, in the name of liberty, but really by the power of a conclave of despots. If the past conduct of Congress is any criterion of its future course, the prospects of our country are dark indeed. The present object of the leaders of Congress is to maintain their supremacy by the ballotrbox. So long as they can maintain their power by this means, universal suffrage will be their rallying cry, and all kinds of frauds may be expected to keep the ballot free from opposition to their party. But if in any case the ballot goes against them, its verdict will be set aside, as in the late Kentucky case, on the plea of "disloyalty" or some other convenient pretence. But this cry of disloyalty, which is now used as a whip for the South, , may very soon become a scourge to the North.? Rightly interpreted, it means opposition to the , Radical party, and it is but a slight step to make that which is treason at the South, equally treason- 1 able at the North. If freedom of speech is cause of punishment ; here, it will not be long ere proscription begins1 i iere. While the Radical party maintains itsasccnancy over the ballot-boxes of the North,' there ill be no occasion for the whip. But let that asjndancy be threatened, and it will soon become ecessary to stop "disloyal" Northerners from voing. Or, if the "loyal" party splits in the Presiential nominations, how oonvenient will the slogan f treason be to the stronger faction. In such an vent, a candidate of sufficient enterprise can very eadily consider it his duty to pronounoe his followrs the only patriots, and allow none others to vote. )ther candidates may take a similar view of their dherenta, and the correctness of their principles an then only be determined by an appeal to arms; or of late, the sword has been assigned the duties f the Supreme Court, in the settlement of Contitutional questions. . Some may think this picture overdrawn; but i( s only history applied to the future. Congress las already usurped nearly all the powers of ax ibsolute government, over the whole country, while ts agents are openly and avowedly placed above J1 law or control, in ten States. It is, therefore, ertain that one of two things must happen. Eiher the usurpations of Congress must be checked ind its unlawful enactments declared void; or the Jnited States Government must change from a rerablic to something as yet unknown, but involving i period of anarchy and blood, before it is finallj ettled. For the present, the people of the South are ex iludetl from all participation in the settlement ol )?ie mnmpntnilfl strUffple for DOWer. HelpleSS tt ivert, yet deeply interested, they lie a wreck upor he political ocean, and must drift at the mercy ol he storm. ' If we are admitted into the presenl Jnion, it will only be upon convincing evident* hat our political influence, as so-called States, wil >e cast in favor of this usurping party. Whatevei ihoice we may make?whether reconstruction oi nilitary rule?we will still remain subjects, not cit zens. The liberties of the South are lost, anc hose of the North are in danger. If .the Soutl vere free to act, she would assist r?. leaving th< Sforth from the threatened degradation; but as il s, the battle for Constitutional liberty must b< ought at the North. It may he that this contest vill be bloodless, but the chances are against sue! i termination. Usurpation takes no step back vard ; it must conquer or die. Congress has beer oo successful thus far, and the President's timidi y in admitting its right to act unconstitutionally las emboldened its leaders too much, to allow of t jeaceful aud voluntary withdrawal of their preten lions. CONGRESSIONAL. The President's veto of bill No. 3, of the reinstruction series, was sent to Congress on the 19tl nstant. After the ceremory of reading the Presilent'h feeble wail for the constitutional powers st udely taken from him, the bill was passed ovei lis veto by more than the requisite number oi rotes in both Houses. The accompanying appro iriation bill was, in like manner, passed over the reto. The reading of the veto message was made ar iccasion by Butler, Boutwell and others, U lrge impeachment. But Thad Stevens author tatively stated that, owing to hidden agencies ai fork throughout the country, any attempt to im leach the President will be futile and vain. This lecision from the leader of the Jacobins probablj quelches impeachment effectually. A resolution was passed, forbidding tha-Presi lent to remove the District Commanders, without he consent of the Senate, unless the General oJ he Army recommend it. The attention of the House having been callet o statements of the ill treatment of prisoners bj he United States authorities at certain Northerr D^nfmnnn^o Ttrarn Al*170f1 _ Kl jriSUIl?) liicau ouivgiuvuu? nv*v vimmmv?v*.-v?j esolution, as false, and made only by persons fa'oring the rebellion. With commendable pru lenct!, Congress refused to authorize an investiga ion of the facts, though these charges are made, n part, on the not very rebellious authority of the STew York Tribune. During the debate on this ubject, Mr. Bctler ventilated a spoon-stealer's >eculiar ideas of integrity and honor. In his opinon, Judge Ould was a highly honorable and concientious man before the war, but having commited treason, he is now capable of any crime. The Senate passed a bill conferring upon negroes he right to hold office in the Districtof Columbia. >y 25 ayes to 5 noes. This was amended by the louse to include sitting upon juries, and referrec 0 the Judiciary Committee. The Senate passed a bill, providing for a com nission to obtain peace with the Indians, if pos ible: otherwise, four thousand soldiers to carrj in the war. The President sent a message to Congress, ir vhich he maintained that the subversion of th< :ivil government of the excluded States has the ef ec? of making the United States responsible foi ;he debts of such States, which existed prior t< ;he war. This message produced from the Hous< ;lie following resolution, which was pased by i strict party vote: "The doctrine avowed by the President, tha he abnegation of the rebel States binds the Na :ion to pay their debts, incurred prior to th< cbellion, is at war with the principles of interna ;ional law, a stab at the National credit, abhorren :o eveiy sentiment of loyalty, and pleasing only t< traitors, their allies and sympathizers, by whosi lgency, alone, the Government of the said State: i?ere overthrown." Congress adjourned on the 20th, in the midst o 1 great uproar and excitement on the question o printing thv. evidence for impeachment in posses sion of the Judiciary Committee. By a previous! adopted resolution, the adjournment is until tin 21st of next November. THE CONFEDERATE DEAD. We have received the following communicatioi from Prof. W. F. Hoe, of Elmira, New York.Those of our readers who have relatives or friend that died at Elmira, by addressing Prof. Roe, wiJ probably be able to ascertain what disposition wa made of their bodies. The care that is being be ing bestowed on the "ashes of our dead," ismor calculated to bring about an era of good feeling am genuine reconstruction than all that Congress ha done since the termination of the war. In bchal of our people, we hereby thank the citizens of El mira, for their kindness and consideration, and ou correspondent for informing us of the facts: "When the prisoners of war were sent to Elmi ra, the United States bought an unoccupied come of Wood-Lawn Cemetery, in the suburbs of tha city, for governmental use. On that ground, apart repose together the war-wrecked sons of the feoutl who died in the Elmira Prison Camp. Out c 12,000 prisoners, in all, sent to that place, fTor time to time, during one year, from three to fou thousand of the bright and brave perished. The spot hallowed by their graves is beautifull; environed. The circling bills close in a varied am unique landscape, and curtain it with repose. 1 little stream, mostly murmuring gently, marks ol their place "under the shade of the trees beyond.' But at times it is wild and threatens ruinous am desecrating violence; yet at mid- summer it is oftei dry. This has lately been deepened and planked on bottom and sides, to fix and clear its course. Thc Government is having this portion of Wood Lawn surrounded by an iron-railing, and will sooi * - 1 * 11?i i J- ?.:*!?4.1 replace tne neat duc iran neaa-uourus wim uuiu of galvanised iron, bearing in full the name ant description of each of the dead. Here and there on the ground, stand oaks am pine, of forest growth, spreading wide, the blessinj of Nature. Official care has planted other trees Kind hands have privately added still more, ming ling evergreens ana weeping-willows with tho ma pie, and planting, now upon one grave and not upon another, some memorial flower." The Crops. ?The reports received at the Depart ment. of Agriculture concerning the grain crop jus harvested generally agree that the crop has turne* out exceedingly well. The yield to the acre has no been quite so large as was expected, and some stat that ajittle damage was done by the wet weathe in causing sprouting and rust; but owing to a muc] greater area having been planted, the supply o grain will be sufficiently large to meet the grea want of the people. But few reports have beei received from the Northern, Eastern and Westen States, hut those few are favorable. ' I MERE-MENTION. J Three of the leading hotels in Richmond are about being closed for want of patronage. Three stores on every block in that city are for rent or sale. In Augusta, Ga., the close of registration shows a total of-8*277 whites and 1,731 colored voters. """ The fastest time by a running horse on record was lately made in Geneva, Illinois?a quarter of a mile in nineteen seconds. "Thirty young men of color are studying for the ministry at Richmond, Va. A Lincoln Monument, > 145 feet high, is to be erected at Atlanta, Geori gia.""*""Some of the Black Republican papers having proposed General Phil. Sheridan as a cani didate for President, the Lynchburg Republican, suggests that they ought to put "Old Jube" behind him to make him run well.'"The New ; York Herald states that business in that city has i come almost to a stand-still, and stagnation of trade i is the general complaint "The taxation in N. ! Y. city, for the current year, is twenty-three mil! lion dollars. Five negroes were appointed on , the police force of Mobile, Alabama, on the 1st, by the military Mayor. 1 The female sovereigns propose to meet in Paris. ! All females are sovereigns there. Mississippi sent 75,000 men into the Confederate army, 5,000 ; more than her white vote, and lost 29,000 of r them. A business institute for colored men has been started in Memphis. Penmanship, book keeping, etc., will be taught there. "The total f loss of the Austrian array in the late war with ) Prussia, was 84,04) officers and men, or over onei fifth of the, number put in the field. The P Prince of Wales is writing a book about what he ? . * v _ /?. J_ I saw in the United states, as ne rrequeuuy s?w j double, the narrative will be interesting. "The I sum necessary to carry on the United States govr ernment for the year 1867, is put down at $296,p 793,037.61. Dhring the administration of Mr. Buchanan, for the year ending July 4, 1860, the I total expenses of the Federal Government (notini eluding the ambunt used for extinguishing the i public debt) was something over $59,000,000, t which was the highest sum ever required, during ; peace, for the support of the Government EDITORIAL INKLINGS. 1 Modification of Order No. 32. -?Gen. Sickles has modified his liquor order, 1 in Charleston, at least. It is fair to presume that ' the modification applies as well as to all parts ol ? District Number 2. In reply to a communication 1 on the subject, Gen. Sidkles authorizes the Mercu' ry to state that upon the written prescription of a regularly practising physician, apothecaries niaj sell liquors for medicinal purposes, not to be drunl . on the premises. This modification was needed, i as the purchase of a gallon, when a dose would have been sufficient, was a tax on sickness. > A Sensible Duellist. A good story is told in a Berlin journal, on f Count Bismarck, the present prime minister ol Prussia. Having been enraged by language used ? in debate by Doctor Virchow, Bismarck challenged the Doctor to mortal combat, but with rather starti ling success. Dr. V. was at that time investigating > the subject of trichinosis. Having accepted the - challenge, he was asked to select his weapons, when h he renlied: "There they arc?those two sausages. - One of them is full of trichinae; the other is pure, 3 Let his Excellency breakfast with me. We will r eat the sausages; and he shall take his choice ol them.1' It is stated that Bismarck did not "eal . sausages," t A Radical Slightly "Chawed." f Mr. Stokes, of Tennessee, is one of Brownlow's main stays in the work of misgoverning thai 1 State. Like his master, he was once an ardenl r pro-slavery and States Rights man; but having i been converted by a calculation of the chances ol r success for and against the South, at an early stage of the war, he is exceedingly zealous in the work of abusing his old allies. This "patriot" lately made a speech to his "colored friends," in ordei , to excite their ill-will towards such Southerners a* ! are not gifted with his talents for scenting out the 3 stronger side, and thereby securing the colored i vote to the service of his present master. Iu the - performance of this honorable task, he pathetical ly enquired of his audience: "Ah, ray colored hearers, did you never receive the lash ?" A misguided negro, who thought Stokes wanted inforj mation, answered: "Yes, By golly, you gib me , lots of it when I worked on your plantation neai > Liberty." [ Fragments of the Constitution. Thad Stevens recently scolded the Senate . because that body, being unable to keep pace witl - the House in the march of "reform," comes side r ways, and not squarely, to their work. He taunt ed certain Senators with scrupulousness?though! i that "some fragments of the old constitution have i perhaps stuck in their kidneys;" that "itsghosl - troubles them at night, when they try to progress, r When it is remembered that every one of these ) Senators and Representatives has taken a solerai ; oath to support this "old constitution," it is no! i surprising that its broken fragments should stick in their thus confessedly perjured souk No won t der that its murdered ghost elisturbs the rest o! - such Senators as are not quite dead to the appeal; i of conscience. But the sneers of the old repro't bate, who laughs at broken oaths and scorns al j constitutional restraints, prevailed. By a delibe i rate vote, Congress sustained the point he made s viz: that the Military Commanders shall not In removed, without the consent of the Senate, f A Case of Bigamy. * The British House of Lords has lately beer * called upon to decide upon a case of bigamy f which would hardly admit of a doubt in any coun 2 of justice in the world: * A Major Yelverton mar ried a Miss Longworth in a Catholic church in Ire land; within twelve months he deserted her foi a rich widow, whom he married in a Protcstnw 11 church in Scotland. Seeking redress, Miss Long worth procured a verdict in Ireland, pronouncing I? her marriage valid. The bewitching Major, how ever, appealed to the Scotch courts, who nullifiec S the first marriage and pronounced the second valid As a last resort, Miss L. appealed to the House o ^ Lords, where she pleaded her cause in person, hei request being that the Major be compelled to conn P on the stand and say, under oath, whether he die ; or did not make her his wife. We luive not seei ~ the decision of the House; but the promising r yo.ung man would be likely to leave two widows ii a very short time and without bothering the court r much, if his matrimonial exploits had occurred ii t this country. , -> The Revenue System. ^ Mr. "Bunsly," one of the newspaper phil a osophers of the day, gives the following lucid ac r count of the method by which the revenues %of th< Government are raised: y "Now you see, in the first place they git the a i mount of a feller's business. That is taxed. Thei ii they find out how much he earns every month ff and that's taxed. Then they find out all abou 1 his profits, and on that they lay their tax. Thei i they manage to git some tax on what he owes. XT x 1?x iLaoII inftAma fViof'a for '* 1^ U2LL CUlllt/S Wimii UlC^ mi * IUWIUVJ uu\4 buuv u 1, ed. Then if anything is left, the preacher call - around and gits it to sustain the church and Con 1- vert the heathen." a Who are the Aristocracy ? ? The Charleston News has discovered who an the aristocrats of America, so far as their high so j cial position is evidenced by the possession of ex g pensive jewelry. It says: ' Some time ago one of the revenue officers of Nov York distinguished himself by issuing a circular ii f regard to the personal baggage of passengers ar * riving from abroad. One of the finest points ii this circular was that which specified that certaii articles of luxury might be admitted free if thei value was proportioned to the 'station of the own it er,' This at once raised the query what socio i "station" entitled the wearing of diamonds am t other jewelry. An article now before us enables u: e to form a judgment on this perplexing subject I r contains a list of several owners of the more valu a able diamonds and precious stones worn in thii f country. Of these we find that a negro minstre t has a single diamond pin worth $3000. A "lah a negro minstrel" had pins and rings valued at $25, 3 000. A favorite dancer has $4000 invested in dia monds. The wife of a negro minstrel is said t( have the enormous amount of $70,000 in jewels.? A circus clown has a single diamond valued at $2,000, and a cluster diamond worth $1000. A "retired' ' circus performer has a thousand dollars more than this invested im these vanities. *. A New System of Tactics. The Metropolitan Record says: A Military Board consisting of (Generals Grant, Meade, Barry, Canby, Geer, Pitcher, Hazen ana Porter, was convened at West Point on the 10th instant, for the purpose of testing the new system of infantry tactics introduced by Gen.' Upton, and to determine the. advisability of its adoption in the United States service. According to the proposed system, military drill will be simplified considerably and a great economy of manual labor insured, while commanding officers will be enabled to handle bodies of troops with much greater facility in the presence of an enemy. The plan is based on the principle of the vastly increased strength of a division armed with the breach-loader, ana which admits of a far greater number of men being thrown into line in order of battle, with less risk than formerly. .The system is especially usefulin skirmishing movements, as by it four times the number of men can deploy from the main body in the time now taken for that purpose. In many respects the change may be said to bring infantry drill in close resemblance to what is known as the single formation of cavalry drill. General Upton 1 seems to think his system superior to Hardee's and also Casey's. The result of the deliberations of the Board will not be made known for some days, r A Waterfall Usefbl for Once. Those singular appendages to ladies' heads, i known as waterfalls, are usually worn ? not for any beauty or use that attaches to them, but in i obedience to the dictates of fashion. But as there ! is nothing under the sun which cannot be made useful, even the waterfall is sometimes of great ! service. The Petersburg Express gives the following instances of this truth; The life of a well known lady of this city was saved two or three evenings since by a very prominent waterfall she wore. By request we withhold names, but cannot refrain from mentioning the cir' cumstanccs. The lady in question visited a friend, ' whose rooms are on the second floor of a building on Old street, and which are reached by a steep - flight of stairs, ascending directly from the street door. After a pleasant evening, she arose to take leave, but like all ladies?under all circumstances ?she had still a few words to say. While uttering these words, she gradually approached the head of the steps with ner back in that direotion. Being nearer them than she imagined, she made a ' mis-step and fell directly backwards down the stairs. 1 Her waterfall received a blow on the sharp edge of i one of the steps which, if her bead had reoeived, would inevitably have fractured her skull and most i probably have resulted in her death. As it was, r she fortunately escaped severe injury, though she was somewhat bruised about the lace and head in rolling down to the foot of the stairway. Japanese Test of Official Honesty. ' The Japanese are a shrewd people, as is shown by the manner in which they guard against fraud qn the part of government employees. They 1 do not blow much about "moral ideas," "public : virtue," "human rights," "free schools for all I colors," &c., after the manner of the "salt of the ' earth" in the unsubjugated portions of these Uni ted States. But they probably suffer less from de' falcations than we do, if the following description ! of the ceremonies performed daily, at their mint, 1 is correct There are about three hundred hands employed . in the building. When the men enter in the mor. I ?itri<T fViou nm nmrta tn divest, themselves of their M?M(| V.#W? H?W . TV.w -- -P own clothes, and put on others belonging to the . mint At the end of a day's work a gong sounds, when the somewhat curious spectacle is presented of three hundred men springing from the ground on which they had been seated, throwing off theii clothes and rushing, a naked throng, to one end ol ; the yard. Here thoy pass through the following ; ordeal in order to prove that they nave no silver on 'f them: Their back hair is pulled down and examL ined, they wash their hands and hold them up tc ' view, they drink water, and then halloa, and lastly, ! they run to the other end of the yard, clearing : two or three hurdles on their way; after whicn ' performance they are allowed to go to their lodg. mgs. ) Suppose Beast Butler had been put through , this programme, just before leaving New Orleans, j Good gracious, how the spoons would have clat( tered! THE BELL PEPPER PAPERS. 1 NUJOIER 3. Cleaveland, Ohio, July 28th, 1865. K. N. Pepper, Esquoire, ! My dere ciusin: A moas entuttaining juel onoe tuke plaze betwean lawd Byrum and Mr. Tom Mo. They were 2 sellybrayted litery genlmn.? Byrum was a fine yung man with a gaim fut, ol ! widge he wos mutch ashaimed, though it is difki] i to see wy. If he wos laim, it wosn his fait. He hed a very fine i an rote sefril pomes witch are pooty good excep the stile, widge is somewot flurt ried. He fel in luv with amiss chooth but marrid ) a nuther womin with hoora he didn H'ev a verj t good time. He wos once shipreck in the Medite, rameum c and lived 3 days on ded dogge, widge i he sed taisted very well at- the time, but coodn be i rekommendid as a standing disho. When cuite a t youth, he swam from Sylla to Caribdiz an sed he : cood do it agen. These were the prinspill point* in his character, widge yos not good. f Tom Mo wos alzo a pote of no cummin kine. i He rote lally ruke, the fier washippers an sevra] other valvable Dolitikil docymcnts. He wos a 1 smal man, not much biggcrn Andy Johnson, from widge suckumstans, he egguired the subbrikay ol , little's pomes an went by that naim to the da uv ; his deth. He an Lawd Byrum hed been frens but a cuarrelaroas betwean them about their litery faim, and i they fawt a jewel. Boath potties were ded gaim, , and the way they kera up to the skratch wos butit fle to see. Byrum, with his fine i's a twinklir - like stas; his gaim legge makin him luke more - like he wos cummin outn a fite than gom in: Mr. r Mo, with his hed all combed smuthe an potted t down the middle, an his lef han in his buzzum, - boath a bowin and a skrapin to itch other, wos s r moas tuching an indresting spegtikle. Tha fawt with loaded pistles at 10 pazes, bul 1 neither was hit. Afterwuds, frens intuffaired, ar , no mo shutein wos done, but they fel into itch f others omms an wcp. Wen the weepin wos thru, r thair sekkins cressed itch other pooty nudge ir ; the saim way; some eloquen spitches were maid: 1 wine an seegaws wos banned roun to the kumpny i an the dclited aujuncc went hoam puffickly sadisj fide with the days wuk. I wosn presen mysef ai j this fite, but hev gleemed the fax given abuf, fron 3 the lifes of these emnen men ritten by themsevea j A dooel was unce fawt between the Dook o: whellington and Taj. Genl. Bonipart. It wos foi at the fawks of the rode an is chievly remawkable foi . the nummer of shots egschanged. Genl. Boni . part got the wust of it and begkaim a fugutif fron ? gustis but wos airrested by the poleec and impris uned on a roc in the c, where he wos suppoatec . for sefril years at the publig egspenz. i The subjec of my nex epizzle will be Witches. , Yo affexshnit cussin, t BELL PEPPER. 1 P. S.?Sinz ritin the abuf acc of the dooel be twean Mo an Byrum, I am not sho that the fite s ever did actilly kum off; nor am I altogether sut - tain that their pistles wos loaded; but my episto is gust as indresding as if all the pawties hed beer killed. B. P. ? *-*-< Generosities of the Jews.?The Jews an often spoken of as extremely penurious and monej " loving. We admire their spirit of independence and the indefatigable industry of the race. Tc r fhe needy of their own class they are most benefi a cent. In consequence, who has ever seen an Isra - elite begging? We already have recorded the lib i eranty 01 tne smau uungrcguuuii uj luuj cny 10 a wards the purchase of the Presbyterian Churct r building to be used as a public school, the buying - of which is now a fixed fact. In the Soutnen 1 Baptist convention, recently held at Memphis 1 Rev. Mr. RenfVo, of Alabama, stated that, on hi; s expressing a desire to attend the session, but hi; t inability to do so on account of money, a leading - Jew of his own town made up the requisite fundi 3 from a small synagogue and presented them t( 1 him in such a way that thev could not be refused, j In all liberal enterprises tne Jews contribute ai - freely as any other sect We know they do in oui - city. Where they fail to do so is the rare exoep) tion, not the rule.?Columbia Sun, ' LOCAL ITEMST i . /] ' a*3 MAMMOTH 8Q0A3H. A few days since we were shown by Mi. Johm M. Rawlinbon, of this.plaa, ft Mammoth Squash grown in his garden, which is rather dead of anything we have ever seen. Its Height is thirty-three pounds, and it measures a fraction over four feet in circumference, and is about sixteen inches in diameter. We do not know the name of this monster variety, but learn that the seed from which it was produced, were procured from the Agricultural Bureau at Washington. , . THE CHOPS. There has been very little rain in this District for three weeks. In an ordinary season, this circumstance would not be injurious to the growing crops. But coming immediately after the longcontinued, heavy rains, the dry season is producing the effects of a drought, burning up the crops so lately almost drowned out Unless we have rain soon, and a good deal of it there is great danger that this year's corn and cotton crops will not more than equal those of last year. Fortunately most of oar farmers have made good crops of small grain; but until the prospect for corn and cotton i improves considerably, they will do well to hold on to their wheat and make but a sparing use of their oats. 4 MORE RECONSTRUCTION. .. In the House of Representatives, on Friday last, Thad. Stevens introduced his plan of reconstruction. The bill was referred to the Committee on Reconstruction. The "poor old man" hammers away with an energy worthy of a better cause, and we merely print his scheme for the information of our readers and to show that he has lost none of his venom: I Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress Assembled, That all governments and pretended governments within that portion of the territory which lately claimed to belong to the Confederate States of America, aud'whion the United States of America have conquered?wit: the territory lately called the State of Virginia [here follows the names of all the Southern ^States, designated as Virginia is, and then the bill proceeds as follows] are nereby declared null and void, and' of no effect other than that which they shall derive from the action of Congress. The municipal corporations and offices existing de facto for. > local purposes shall be continued, until Congress or those authorized by Congress shall determine their existence. Sec. 2. And be it further enacted, That until the said territory shall be prepared with proper constitutions, and regularly admitted into the Union as new States, it shall be governed as follows: Three commissioners (civilians! shall be chosen by the joint action of the Senate and House of Representatives for each of the divisions now called military districts, two of whom shall be nominated by the House and one by the Senate, who shall be called commissioners of reconstruction- They shall discharge all the duties which, the act of March 2d, 1867, and its supplement of March OQ 1 QA*7 owaw oniAino/1 nnAn millfoW JVMYI* iovi j aicuvn vujvuivu u|^/*? vuv ww manders, except so far as is altered by this act, and they shall proceed to correct and complete the registration already in progress with all convenient speed. When the registration is completed, they snail take the same action with regard to the formation of the Constitution as is now prescribed to the military commanders in the acts aforesaid, and whenever any portion of said territory shall have been formed into a proper State, and its constitution submitted to CongresB and approved by it, it shall be admitted into the Union ana declared capable of representation in the Congress of the United States, lire military commanders and aD ' military authority are hereby relieved from any ' duty within said .territory except the preservation : of the peace, which they shall enforce upon the i demand of tne commisionera of reconstruction^ or any of them. The admission of new States jltfe 1 the Union and the reconstruction of old ones is the sole duty and work of Congress, and neither the [ President, nor any head of department, nor the > judiciary, nor the military liave any right to inter fere in such matters, unless required py the Congress of the United States. The opinion of the Ati torney-General upon any point connected with the admission of New States or the reconstruction of . destroyetbones is unauthorized, and ought not to be obtruded upon the Government, lest there may be a misunderstanding with regard to who are entitled to exeroise the elective franchise. Both in the election of delegates to form a convention and in the confirmation or rejection of any constitution they may form, it is declared that all such persons who voluntarily engaged in the late rebellion shall > be excluded from registration, and such fact may i be proved by parole evidence; and for that pur. pose the.Commissioners of Reconstruction, oreithp er of them, shall have power to call witness, ad; , minister oaths, ask questions, and conduct the examination in such manner as may be necessary to > ascertain the truth. Any false swearing under this ! law shall be deemed felony, and punished as such. - The residence required in such acts must be coo[ tinuous immediately preceding the election at , which the vote is offered. No person who, during the time of the rebellion, held any judicial or ex' ecutive office under the Government called the 1 Confederate States of America, or under either of ! said States, shall be registered, nor military'offiL cere who, (luring the existence of the Government , of the Confederate States, held offices either iu its ' army or in the army or militia of either of stud States; and nothing in this act shall be held to admit to registration any of the classes excluded by the act to which this is a supplement. I Sec. 3. And be it further enacted, That the Com, mission of Reconstruction, each within its own iu1 v . t ii i g?_n x L-; 3.1 | nsaicnon, saau naveiuu power w remove auy iuu. nicipal officer or magistrate or State judge, and if ' it sees proper, to fill the vacancy by new appoint' ment whenever it shall deem the public good shaft require it From the acts and doings of the res. pective boards and commissions there shall be no [ appeal except to Congress. Sec. 4. And be it further enacted, That so much ' of the act of March 2, 1867, and its supplement of ' March 23, 1867, as is not altered by this act, shall i remain in full force and virtue.. ! Added to the bill, but without any words of enactment, is a paragraph in these words : I "If the commissioners of the State of Texas and the State of Louisiana shall adjudge that the in1 terest of the countir require the division of Texas 1 into two 8tates, they shall proceed to fun and mark the division line, and prepare them for adt mission into Union as herein prescribed" 1 How the Freedmen's Sch&ols are Support1 ed.?The Washington Star says: i Many persons suppose that the teachers of the i various schools for colored people?adult and chil; dren?in this District and throughout the South, are paid from the funds appropriated by Congress ' for the Freedmen's Bureau. This is a mistake.? ' Not one cent of the public funds is expended for such a purpose. The teachers are employed and i paid by benevolent societies in the Eastern, North. ern and Western States the principal association f engaged in this laudable work being the "Amerit can Freedmen's Union Commission," of which Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase is President, Wm. f T 1 1/1? PA. If!.. V? !J._._ J TTT jjioya uramson one oi ioe v lce-rresiaems, ana yy. Allen Butler (author of "Nothing to Wear,") the 1 legal adviser. The main office of the association is New York, with branch offices in Boston, PhilaI delphia, Baltimore, Chicago, Detroit and San Francisco. The second article of the constitution of this society sets forth that the "object of this commission is the relief, education and elevation of the freedmen of the United States, and to aid and cooperate with the people of the South, without dia. tinction of race or color, in the improvement oi , their condition, upon the basis of inaustrp, educa| tion, freedom ana Christian morality. No school ' or depot of supplies shall be maintained, from the benefits of whion any shall he excluded because oi 1 color.'' Without the aid of this and similar associations, the ereat scheme of free and popular education in the Southern States would, without doubt, 5 soon come to an untimely end. Tne only aid fur7 nished by the Freedmen s Bureau to the teachers 2 is transportation to and from their fields of labor, > quarters, a small allowance of stationery, and the privilege of purchasing rations from the nearest Unitea States commissary at Government rates.? Some of the industrial schools are paid by the Gov ernment, but those institutions were intended to 1 be self-sustaining. i Postage.?Persons having their Post Office in , the same County in which the Newspaper to which 3 they are subscribers is published, pay no postage. 3 But if the Papr is published in one County, and j their Post Office in another, they are required to 3 pay the following quarterly postage. ) Papers published weekly............. 5 cents. " " Semi-Weekly 10 cents, j (( ?? Tri-Weekly 15 cents. r ?? ?? 6 times a week 30 cents. u "7 times a week. 35 oents. Postage on Weekly Paper one year, 20 oents. OONTRIBTJTORIAL. ff ? BY JA8. WOOD DAVIDSON. PflEimBIL BOTJTg djaOLDTA, 22D JULY, 1887. Disinfeclamt.. ; L : The best disinfectant for privies is copperas. Health. There is said to be a good deal of fever prevail*' ing about Columbia and m'the' vicinity, especially *bove; the most common being the intermittent. Sanstroke. , i. "' ? We hayeftad this summer very few casesof welldefined sunstroke. One oocurred the past week. Mary Sartless, a Degress, fefl ^oaa sanstroke tn?: died inn very short time, on the 16th instant hr New York city, the papers report numbers ofsqn- strokes every day; from which it appears that the affection is not in proportion to the lowness of the' latitude, unless Yankees are more careless of life than other folks. Southern Home Journal.. . V. This is the name of the new literary weekly, to be established soon in Baltimore, by J. Y. Slater. & Co. We bave been favored with a prospectus ; and from it, and what we Know of the enterprise from other sources, we axe impressed that the South is about to bave a first-class literary weekly at ilask We commend it ,cordially to our friends.?; I The regular issue will not commence until November, but subscriptions worfld better be handed in. as early as practicable. The price is, single oopiee, $3 a year. The jfnrAeir. Natale Beragbi, who was killed, in Columbia,* one day last week, by Matthew Brown, was the nronrietor of a successful barrroom and restaurant, and was favorably known in that capacity. The publio do not discuss the case much. The cause of the quarrel was a debt of a few cents ; and it is thought that Brown hardly meant to give a fatal wound, but bad he beep a skilful anatomist he could not have dealt a more fatal blow than the one he gave ? severing -the femoral artery near the groin. The wounded man lived probably three minutes. We mention these details, because they may be instructive to those who have not a careful knowledge of anatomy, and may guide men in" avoiding danger. . . < . 1 Beraghi was buried by his fellow-firemen, both; companies turmngout to eaoort his body to the grave. . . .. 1 i.. -.J" i.iUj W<ii Santa Anna. | It seems to be doubtful if this Prince of Scoundrels has in fact me$ his deserved doom of being shot, a9 was reported some days ago. Our people are so in the habit .of getting up sympathy for everybody, that it does riot surprise us to hear the hope expressed that Santa Anna has not been shot at Campeche tie reported. If he does not deserve shooting, then no living man does. -The man who ordered sue heroic prisoners of war at the Alamo; to be bsyonefcted on the spot, ?the man who ordered the. execution of three hundred Texan prisoners of war (Fanai&g's command) taken at Goliad, ? the man whose course in life has been stained with the best blood of Mexico, ?the grtpdPrinoe^of FflEbusters and Mogul of Murderers, jfchly deserves to be. hung, sbpt, quartered, and burnt4 if any Eving.man does. That's our opinion. New Books. Buffie and Chapman have laid upon our table the following four books, just out from the press of Harpler & Brothers: 1. Meads Elementary Tregtuc on American Grape Culture and Wine Making, illustrated.? It tells everything about grapes ?how to prepare the soil for them; how to plant them; how to , A.II? .1 j 1 I: A tnm, train, aneiier, gamer, anu improve uiem, what sorts are best, giving, a list of all the important varieties (maybe a hundred) describing each; how to keep off insects and rot; and bow to get the best and most grapes from the fewest vines. It explains how to make wine; bow to gather, press* ferment, clarify, purify and bottle, Che wine; and bow to prepare the differed kinds of sparkling and still wines. And in general, it tells whatever any intelligent man would want to know, in order to raise grapes and make good wine in any part of the United States, or Mexico. There are 200 pictures in the book. 2. Nora and Archibald Lee; a novel, by the author of' Agnes Tremorae* &c. It is a pretty fair story of life in England. 3. Raymonds Heroine ; a uoveL This is a story that reminds us of Jane Eyre and that style of ( thing. It is the three old dements of the romantic?Love, Pride, and Poverty. 4 Mr. Wvtyards Word; a novel, by Holme Lfee. This, like the two preceding it, is a story of English life, made up of guilt, Ioye, heroism, meanness, pride, and folly. Holme Lee,, as everybody knows, is the nam de plume of Harriet Parr, au English novelist who is very popular with a certain class of novel-readers, both at home and in America. Her Sylvan HoWs Daughter, a few years ago, made quite a noise in England and was extensively read in America. The book before us is of the same style, and ought to be as popular. State Radical Convention. The Union Republican Party of South Carolina announces that it will hold a Convention on the 24th instant The Delegates of Richland District, are S. B. Thompson (colored), C. H. Baldwin (white) Wm. Myers (dolored) Charles M. Wilder (colored), and T. J. Robertson (white). The programme of this Convention has not been announced; and it may he premature to surmise what is to come of it, A few things, however, are patent First?It is a Radical movement ^ Second.?It is the opening wedge that is to divide the two races, and to inaugurate the now inevitable war of races. The negro has been repeatedly warned that he is thus signing his own death-warrant; but he is deaf. The work before this Convention is understood to be two-fold?to announce the principles of the party, and to nominate its candidates for the State Constitutional Convention, which will be ordered after the registration is finished. The committee of arrangements has not yet engaged a building for the use of this Convention.? It applied to the President of the University for the use of the Chapel, where the Legislature met last winter; but the President of coarse refused. We say "of course," because there are at least three other halls more appropriately available; especially so, is the University Hall, outside the Campus, now ill use of the military. There api pears to us something peculiarly appropriate in the military's furnishing a Hall for this Convention. As the whole government is on the dramhead style, it would be fitting that the military > should extend a courtesy, to this new regime. So it seems to us. i I Next week we hope to have larger lights before \ us. _ Successful Editors.?A good editor, or competent newspaper conductor, is like a general or a poet, born, not made. Exercise and experience give facility, but the qualification is iimate, or it i is never manifested. On the London daily papers, all the great historians, novelists, poets, essayists, i and writers of travels, have been tried and nearly ; every one has failed. "I can,"-said the late editor of the London Times, "find any number of men x- L. 1 J? ui gcuiua lu wine iur me, dui very aciuuiu uue man of common sense." Nearly all successful editors are of this description. A good editor seldom writes much for his paper; he reads, judges, selects, dictates, alters ana combines, and to do all this well he has but little time for composition.? To write for a paper ia one thing, to edit a paper is another.?German town Telegraph. 1?-The New York Harold estimates the loss to the Treasury annually at the enormous sum of 200,000.000, and says that it occurs in this way: by the Mure to collect the tax on whiskev, tobacco, and petroleum. It also asserts that there is a heavy drainage through the national banks and the frauds and incapacity of the revenue officers.