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i,?wi8M.aBisT. proprietor. | ^h ^|ni)fpariititt ^^5 ^(tapper Jfflr !k: promoter) erf the political, S?H Agricultural airb CammernaJ |ntt?sts of t|t ?rat|j. {TEMB^I^^^^raSLS?9^"R^ VOLUME XII. YORKVILLE, SOUTH CAROLINA, THURSDAY MORNING, JULY 5, 1866. , NUMBER II #ripa! jMcIfiS. For the Yorkville Enquirer. THE PIC-NIC AT "WHITE OAK" ACADEMY. Mr. Editor : It is Dot often that we have spent a more pleasaot day, than on yesterday, at the exhibition and Pie-Nio at "White Oak" j and to give the worthy Principal and his pupils the praise dne them, as an encouragement in their noble work, we would ask a small space in your columns. Taking advantage of the coolest portion of the day, we drove up to the log academy, that has lately been erected by the energy of the Principal and his patrons, where we found a shady arbor and comfortable seats prepared for the occasion. The exercises were opened with an appropriate prayer from the Rev Mr. Watson. Next came the speeohes, diclogues and compositions, so intermingled as to relieve the audience. km* wUinl* thn vonne ladies and eentle men acquitted themselves very creditably ; hot certain of the performances require that we should give them more particular notice. And first, the dialogue, "Cowardice and Knavery/' by the quintet Messrs. Miller, Lynn, Duff, Jones and Carotbers, will receive our praise. The different parts were well aoted, and especially that p?.rt of Master Carothere, who represented the Keeper of the Eating House, to perfection. Mr. Miller (as judge,) Messrs Lynn and Duff (aa attorneys) and Master Willie Carotbers (as witness, with Dutch aooent,) performed the "Burlesque on Law" admirably. Messrs. Lynn and Carothers deserve special praise. Our friends of the Bar should have been there to have enjoyed the fun with us, as it was a well aimed shot. "Rival Speakers" was quite amusing, and performed, very naturally, by Messrs. Miller and Lynn, knt n/?f. lAftnt of the dialogues, was "School Studies" by the Misses Jones and Carothere. These young ladies were very fortunate in their selections, and deserve much praise for the ease and correctness with which they performed their parts. I noticed, particularly, that eaoh of them manipulated their fans, and acted, in other respects, as naturally, as if carrying on an ordinary conversation. Among the compositions, we notice "Preaenoe of Mind," by Miss Addie Ellison; "Beauties of Nature," by Miss Bower; "Sweetarethe uses of Adversity," by Miss Jones, and "Smiles?he"7 cheap?how potent"?by Misa Ma./ Carothers. The joung ladies were very happy in their ohoioe of subjects, and we were pleased to see that they were oorrectly written, and that they were smoothly and distinctly read. In declamation, we notice the efforts of Mr. Lynn on the subject, "Energy and Perseverance of Youth," partly original and partly an ingenious compilation. This young man displays some power as i speaker, and by energy and perseveranoe may yet reflect honor on "White Oak." "Woman" was the selection of Mr. Jones, who not only spoke her praises in eloquent strains, but proved his appreciation of his subject by his gallantry afterwards. Master Willie Carothers still increased our admiration of his former efforts, in bis delivery of "My Country," a patriotic and appropriate little original, beautifully introduced by some of Soott's lines. "Our Duties as Americans" was the theme of Mr. Duff, whose performances tbronghout were such as deserve much credit, "The Valediotory," by Mr. Joe Miller, was ap propriate and pretty well delivered. The Principal then closed the exercises of the session and of the da;, with a few very appropriate and affectionate words to his patrons and his pupils. We were very much pleased with the good feeling and love that seemed to bind teacher and pnpil together, and without this, there oould not have been that sooocbs whioh seems to have rewarded their mntnal labors. After the school had filed off, the visitors were invited to follow and partake of the dinner spread in the grove, near by. And here my limited knowledge of cnlinary matters prevents me from enumerating the variety of nioe things, prepared by the matrons of the neighborhood. The table literally groaned coder its harden of substantiate, cakes, pastries, &o., &o , whilst one corner supplied refreshing draughts of lemonade. At the bead of the table, was a tray of beautiful iced-cakes, presents to the Principal of the Aoademy. Very soon the wants of all were supplied, and then in couples and groups, they sought the shade, or the oooi spring gushing from its bed of solid rook. The intense heat detracted, nmewhat. from complete enjoyment; and we found oareelf often wishing that jour gentlemanly Druggist, Dr. May, bad been on hand with his elegant Fount. The remainder of the day was devoted to the oharming Beauties, so many of whom graced the occasion with their presence. We also noticed a goodly number of Candidates, who seemed to be goo.' humoredly jolting each other, no doubt as to their future prospects. Amo'-g the number, we reoognized some who were aide by side with na in onr late struggle. One, Capt. Gulp, on his crutches, and our friend F. C. Harris, with his empty sleeve, called to our mind the terrible realities that some were ealled on to undergo, and that their disabled persons will never let them forget. All things passed off quietly and pleasantly, and none of us will regret the dsy spent at "White Oak." May sacoesfi and happiness always attend the Principal aod Students, and may they delight os often with the return of such days as yesterday. SPECTATOR. -York District, June 27, 1866 W&* He is the best accountant who can east up correctly the sum of his own errors. For the Yorkrlll# Enquirer. BRAZIL AND "EMIGRATION. Mr. Editor :?Allow me to avail myself of your kindness, in bringing this subject again before yonr readers. A considerable number of families and individuals from this State, Georgia and Florida, are preparing to emigrate to Brazil, with the expectation of doing so early in the ooming Fall. And if there are any among the readers of your excellent paper, who are disposed to unite in this enterprise, I request them to communicate with me, immediately, on the subject. A most delightful and . healthy olimate, fertile lands producing all the fruits of the 'earth in wonderful abundance, and with easy labor, to be bought for a trifling sum; and a free, liberal and excellent govern ment, present inducements which will attract a large colony from this wretched country. It is the design of those engaged in this enterprise, to settle in the same region, and to form a society of our owo, in which we oan enjoy all the sooial, moral and religions advantages to which we have been aconstomed in this country; and as none but persons of good obaraoter will be invited to joiD in the scheme, we hope to improve, in all these respeot, on onr former oironmstances. The immediate objeot is to ascertain who are inclined to nnite in this enterprise, so as to make suitable, agreeable and eoonomioal arrangements for onr removal to Brazil By the co-operation of snoh persons, it is believed that transportation for onr families and freight, can be secured at a very moderate oost. It is in contemplation, also, to provide for those who are not able to furnish the fnnds themselves, to meet the neoessary expense I request, therefore, all who are disposed to join in this emigration, to address me at once, either in person or by letter, directed to New House, York District, stating the number of persons, adults and cbildreu, in their families; the probable amount of freight tbey will wish to take, limiting that to household goods and farming uteosils, actually necessary, and whether tbey will be able to pay a moderate amount for their transportation, or will be wholly dependent, in this respeot. on aid from other sources This invitation, let me add, is given only to those who oan give guarantee of good moral oharacter. I should state further, that it is not expected or understood, that those who may respond to)tbis invitation, will, by so doing, bind or pledge themselves to go to Brazil, unless they are fully satisfied, on further in quiry, that it will be to their advantab.<. 1 will cheerfully furnish any information that may be desired, and in my pnwor tnc >i.4?ly With thanks to yon, Mr. Editor, for the use of your columns, I remain, &c A. A. PORTER. Health of Ex-President Davis. In a local item in the Richmond Times of the 25th, it was stated that "a gentle man of Richmond, who spent last Friday in company with Ex-President Jefferson Davis at Fortress Monroe, reports his health much improved " A gentleman of Richmond, of distinction and scrupulous VeraciATr VmwirnT KAon fhfi ahntre naracranh. at V) ?v? I r* |?? once wrote to the editor of the Richmond Times a letter, from which we make the following extract: "As I was the only persoo who was with President Davis on Friday, I presume the writer most have intended to refer to me I therefore beg to ask you to contradict the statement. So far from its being the truth, I am satisfied of the reverse. He is very feeble; has difficulty in walking upright; his stomach has lost its tone/ to use his physician's language, and altogether he is but a wreok of what he was when in Rich mond. And this condition is much aggra vated by his place of confinement. He has the freedom of the fort daring the day, and remains with his wife in the oasemate appropriated to her, but at sunset he is locked in his room in Carroll Hall, and guarded by sentinels on each side of the room. A brilliant light is kept shining in the grated door, and the reflection on the white walls of bis room, united with tbe noise inseparaj ble from the duties of tbe guards, keep him awake and restless He gains no flesh, and the constant irritatioo to which his nervous system is snbjeoted by being watcbed and | guarded, serves to prevent him from improv- j ing. Mr Davis requested mo to thank you especially for the artioles in his favor which have appeared in the Times From this extract it will be seen that the health of our illustrious Ex President has not improved. His condition is still as pitiable as when Dr. Cooper felt constrained to ficially announce tbe effect of Miles' slow aud most diabolical torture upon bis victim. He may yet be the recipient of, the much vaunted "eggs" and "onions," j but hi? poor diseased eye is still tortured by the glare of Miles' "Drummond light " i Ail night long, it seems, be is still watcbed by tramping sentinels. Beyond tbe relax- j ation of tbe atrocities enforced by the President there have beeD r one in tbe case of Ex-Pree'dent Davis It is well that the : world should know that the ruuiors of improvement of President Davis' oouuition are absolute fables It is but right that Christendom should learn that the work of slow torture is still going on as remorselessly as if the Holy Inquisition was in full blast at Fortress Monroe ? ?> ? ? * S&" Recent Mexican advices are to the effect that the hopes of the Confederate emigrants to Mexico are at an end. The Cardova colony, founded by General Sterling Price and Governor Harris, has been broken up, the houses burnt and crops destroyed by euerillas of the Liberal party, and the Confederates, about one hundred in number, forced to flee for safety to the city of Cardova The Liberals are speculating upon the downfall of Maximilian and dreaming of annexation with the United States. The Military Situation in Europe. Strength of the Hostile Power*?The i Questions Involved?Probable Theatres . of the War. The following, in addition to explaining ; the casus belli that now threatens to shake Europe to its foundations, gives saoh information as to the btiength of the belligerents and their relative geographical positions as will enable the reader, with the aid of any modern school atlas, to comprehend the present military situation, and to follow intelligently any subsequent movements that may be made by any of the high contending parties. In view of the prospeot of a great and highly interesting war, we would rcmmmflnrt the nrpservation of this article for reference : I.?PRUSSIA. The area of Prassia is at present 108,212 English square miles, or about equal to the combined territory of Georgia and Florida. The population, according to the census of 1864, was 19,304,843, falling bat little below that of the Northern States of the Union. The great majority of the population are Germans; the total number of persons belonging to non German nationalities being 2,504,179. A considerable portion of the latter are feeble remnants of small tribes, whiob are rapidly being absorbed by the German nationality. Within the last few years the Government of Prassia made several important additions to the former dominions, acquiring first the two Principalities of Hobenzollern, next the important seaooast district of Yahde, which it purchased from Oldenburg, and more reoently the Duohy of Lauenburg, which was ceded to it by Austria for a pecuniary considera tion. It holds, moreover, possession of Schleswig, and avows its intention to permanently annex to Prussia both this Duchy and that of Holstein. In point of administration, Prassia is not inferior to any other nnnntnr nf ?ko njnrlll TfO fintnAOO nnlilro W,UU"V " ?? """"'""I those of Austria and Italy, are in a sound condition ; its army discipline has long been the admiration of the entire civilized world The army, on a war footing, nnmbers 700,000, and its fleet oonsisted, in 1865, of thirty-seven steamers, eight sailing vessels, forty rowiog vessels; total, eighty five war vessels. The reigning King is William I, born in 1797, who snooeeded his brother Frederick William IV., in January, 1861. II.? AUSTRIA. The Austrian Empir", as at present constituted, is divided into nineteen provinces, iheareaof which is 236,311 English square tuiles, wuu a ioioi pvyuicniv-, u. ..f, ? computation, of 36,195,000 souls This population is divided, with respect to race and language, into no fewer than twelve different nationalities, namely: Germans, 8,200,000 I Servians, 1,470,000 Bolieinians, > Bulgarians, 25,000 -n.l C a KIKl rwn I Mnirvnr.! 5.050.000 Slovack*, S Italians, b-'luslve Poles, 2,200,000 Latin and Friaixte,3,050,000 Russians, 2.800,000 Eastern Romans,..2,700^000 Slavonians, 1,210,000 Members of other Croats,,...' 1.360,000 races, 1,430,000 Austria is one of the great miiitury powers of Europe, her army on the war footing beiog over half a million of men. The navy, however, is comparatively small, consisting, in August, 1864, of 39 steamers, with 639 guns and 11,730 horse power, and 20 sailing vessels, with 145 guns. Great efforts have been made within the last few years to r;,:se the Imperial Navy to a state of high efficiency by the substitution of steam for sailing vessels, and the gradual formation of an iron clad fleet of war.? Austria has become a constitutional mon archy since 1849, the uiain features of the constitution consisting first of the Provincial Diets, representing the various States of the monarchy; secondly, a Central Diet or Council, of the Empire ; and tnirdly, a reduced form of the latter, o? Partial Council nf ?Ko Pmnirn ns if is nallpd The nub UII V. vuw ?|>"V| ? r lie debt of the Empire, which, at the commencement of the French revolution in 1789, was $174,500,000, bad grown in 1863 to $1,210,222,085. From 1789 to the present time there has not been a single year in which the revenue of the State has come up to the expenditure. The present Emperor, Francis Joseph I, was bom in August, 1830, and was proclaimed Emperor and King in consequence of the abdication of his uncle, Ferdinand I., and the renunoiarion of his father, Franois Charles, December 2, 1848. lie was Commander-inChief of the Austrian army in the Italian campaign of 1S59. III.?ITALY. The Kiugdom uf Italy has au area of 98,784 English square miles, with a population ' according to the last census, taken in the Spriug of 1864, of 21,703,710 souls, being on an average 220 inhabitants to the square mile; a figure higher tbuo that of France and Germany, but lower than that of England There has been in some of the Provinces a rapid increase of population of late years ; but the increase of wealth has been mnoh more rapid within the last century - m? ? than the increase v.. population, rne great ma of the people are devoted to agricultural pursuits, and the town population is com- : paratively small. It has a seafaring population of 158,002 iudividnals, Dearly all of whom are liah'n to the maritime conscription. The military organization of the | Kingdom is based on conscription, ad the ; standing army cooF'sts of more than 200,- [ 000 men on a peace footing, and moro t.inn 400,000 on a war establishment. The navy , of the Kingdom oonsisted, in 1865, of 98 j steamers of 20,760 horse-power, with 2,160 ' guns, and 17 sailing vessels v .h-279 guns; > altogether, 115 men-of-war with 2,439 guns. ! Italy has a public debt of nearly eight haD-1 dred millions of dollars. The expenditure j is largely in excess of the annual revenue. The reigning Sovereign, Victor Emanuel j II., was born March 14, 1820, and is the ! eldest son of King Charles Albert of Sar- j dinia, and Archduchess Theresa of Austria. [ He succeeded to tbo throne on the abdida-' tioo of bis father, Maroh 23, 1849, and was proclaimed King of Italy by vote of the Italian Parliament, March 17,1861. IV.?THE GERMAN CONFEDERATION. The German Confederation was organized in 1815, npon the rains of tbe German Empire, which bad been dissolved in 1806.? The object of the Confederacy, aooordiog to the first artiole of tbe Federal Constitution, is "the preservation of the internal and external security of Germany and tbe independence and inviolability of tbe varions German States." Tbe organ and representative of tbe Confederation ia tbe Fed eral Diet, consisting of Plenipotentiaries of the several German State;, and permanently located in tbe free city of Frankfort.? The administrative government of the Federal Diet is constituted in two forms : First, I as a Ventral Atsemoiy or Plenum, id wnicn every member of the Confederation has at least one vote, and the larger States have two, three or four votes each; and seooDd, the Minor Counoil, or Committee of Confederation, in which the eleven larger States cast one vote each, while six votes are given to the smaller States, a Dumber of them oombiDed having a joint vote. The Presidency is permanently vested in Austria.? The General Assembly deoides on war and peaoe, on the admission of new members, on any changes in the fundamental laws or organic institutions; but in all other cases, the Minor Counoil is competent to aot both as legislative and exeoutive. At the time of its establishment the Confederacy embraced thirty nine members, but of these four (Saxe-Gotha, Anhalt-Bernburg, Anhalt-Koethen and Hesse Homburg,) have become extinct, and two (Hobenzollern Heohingen and Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen,) have been incorporated with Prussia, leaving, at present, thirty three sovereign States. They have together an area of 242,867 square miles, and in 1864 a population of over 46,000,000 people, exceeding the aggregate population of British Amerioa, the United States, Mex ico and Central Amerioa, and being in Europe inferior to that of no country except Russia. The federal army numbers about 700,000 A natria onrl PvtiMin Kalnnrv tvif.kt rtnltv > I part of their several dominions, to this Confederation; Austria with a popu.ation of 12,802,944, Prussia with a population of 14,714,024. Prussia, therefore, and not Austria is, in point of population, the first German State, and this priority is still more prominent if we take into account the provinces of both powers not beiougiug to this Confederation. Ded-cting the population of the two great German powers, a population is left - ? -? >? -i?? in nnn nnn with a Federal army of about 800,000 As the record of the votes of the Federal Diet during the last year shows the great majority of the minor States side with or at least lean toward Austria, and it is still oommonly believed that, soon after an outbreak of war between Austria and Prussia, tho Diet will declare a Federal war against Prussia. All parties in Germany, Austria, Prussia, the Minor Governments, and all the political parties among the people, are in tavor of establishing a Central National Parliament, as a step toward the ultimate establishment of one GermaD Empire This point is therefore likely to be one of the results of the impending war: THE SCHLESWIQ HOLSTEIN QUESTION. The Duchy of Schleswig has an erea of 3,704 square miles, and a population of 409,907. Holstein has an erea of 3,255 square miles and a population of 544,419 The Duchies of Schleswig and Holstien, together with the little adjoining Duchy of Lauenburg, formerly connected with the crown of Denmark, were made over by the Treaty of Vienna, signed October 30, 1864, to the Emperor of Austria and the King of Prussia. On August 15, 1865, Austria and Prussia conoluded the Convention of Gasteiu, in pursuance of which Austria took possession of the Duchy of Bolsteiu, and Prussia of Schleswig and juaaeoDurg, ootn powers appointing ujunary governors to rale over these territories respectively j Governor of Rolestein, Field Marshall Von Gablenz; Governor of Schle3wig, Lieatenant-General of Maoteuffel? The Dachy of Laaenbarg was taken possession of by Prussia on the 18th of September, 1865, the sam of 2,500,000 thalere, stipulated in the Convention of Gastein as indemnity, having been paid to Austria on that day. The efforts of Prussia to prevail npon Austria to cede her olaim to Holstein were unsuccessful; and the diplomatic nutes of Prussia, being regarded as a threat by Austria, elicited warlike replies, and thus the present crisis was preoipitated. On June 1, 1866, the Austrian representative in the Federal Diet of Frankfort stated that his government had endeavored in vain to come to an arrangement with Prussia concerning the du ' ies, and would now leave the matter in the ; " ^ l.J ? i!? mi. u :? % ; Dancis ol tne UODreueranou. xnc xrruastau government maintained that this step of Austria was a violation of a convention between the two powers concluded on January 16, 1864, stipulating that ail future arrangements of the affairs of the duchies should be dependent upon a mutual understanding between the two powers, and especially that the succession question should be settled by mutual accord. Prussia, therefore, declared the Convention of Gastein abolished, and at the date of our latest advices, Jane 7, it w 3 expeoted that Prussian troops would at once march into Holstein. In case of a for.jal declaration of war, it is presumed that the Austrian troops io Holstein will fall back in Hanover. The Duchy of Limburg (896 square miks, 216,550 inhabitants), and the Grand j Duchy of Luxemburg (990 square miles j and 197,281 inhabitants), are connected ; with the crown of Holland, but at the same time are members of the German CoDfed- ; eratioc. The connection of Limburg is, I however, but nominal, the inhabitants being Doob and not Germans. The Government of Holland, therefore, demands its separation from the German Confederation, and this question was to have come before the Peace Conference at Paris. Upon the impending war it is not likely to have any important influence. THE POSITION OP THE ARMIES. Both the Prussian and Austrian Governments have forbidden the publication of detailed accounts of the movements of troops. It is, however, well known that both powers have concentrated their main forces along the frontier of the Kingdom of Saxony Prassia is believed to have abont 200,000 men between Gorlitz and Neisse in Silesia, and Austria to have more than 300,000 men ready to maroh into Saxony and Silesia. The armies are in positions wbioh leave it donbtfnl whether fia*nnv nr Silesia will witness the first bat tie', bat ia either ease the movement* of the two armies will be over the same territory which the campaigns of Fredrick the Great have made memorable, and it is not likely that the lessonB taught by tha? matchless soldier iD the tremendous struggle which made Silesia a province of Prussia will be forgotten by either army. It is given out that Austria hopes to recover the territory for wboee loss Maria Theresa wept and fought iu vain, but Frederick maintained it then against all Europe in arms. [ Daring the Seven Years war the population of Prussia was 5,000,000, while 100,000,000 of people were banded against her. Prussia cannot possibly be called on now to face any such tremendous odds. From the Richmond Times. Prison Life of Jefferson Davis. "The prison life of Jefferson Davis, embracing details and incidents in his captivity, particulars concerning his health and habits, together with many conversations on topics of great public interest," is the title of a volume of some four hundred pages, which has just been given to the world by John J. Craven, lately a Surgeon in the Federal army, and who was from the 25th of May to the 25th of December, 1865, the physician of ex President Davis. From this remarkable book copions extracts are given in another paper. A violent negropbilists and an ardent Republican, as well as an enthusiastic advocate of the war, ni/uody can suspect Dr. Craven of the ! slightest predileotions for the unfortunate ex President, about whose condition and conversation, as a State prisoner, he has I written a book. t>l j? :?j; n. dili j uoopibc puuwuai jjicjuuiuco, jl/i. Craven has managed to tell the truth, and and in doing so he impales and oruoifies ?Vio HppiI Tnrplrorjt TCnrfrfpa ATnnrno as completely as Dr. Barry O'Meara did the merciless tyrant who slowly tortured another great prisoner to death upon the barren and blasted heights of St. Helena The plain, simple, unadorned record of Dr. Craven sustains and corroborates the terrible report of his successor in offioe, Dr. Cooper, and condemns to eternal infamy the parties to the frightful inhumanities which have been inflicted upon President Davis The tale of bis prison life is now complete, as the diary of Dr. Craven and the official report of Surgeon Cooper embrace the whole period of his imprisonment. The truth, temperately, coldly and foroibly spoken by the two men who saw President Davis daily during the whole period of his confinement, has oast a flood of light upon > l:j _l f_l j I il toe mosi utueuus, Buameiui huu iusiuouuic chapter of Amerioaa history. It is providential that these men have spoken the truth, aod that their testimony cannot be assailed It is well for the defeated section, and for the troth of history, that the secrets of the inquisition and the chamber of torture, at Fortress Monroe should be exposed by the officials who witnessed the agony and noble fortitude of the illustrious victim "The mills of the gods grind slowly," but ii is time that they should grind to powder the torturers of a helpless statesman and pare Christian gentleman. Wild, frightful and shocking as have beeD the rumors of the deeds of violence done upon the person of President Davis, Dr. Craven's book shows that they all fall far short of what be has really suffered. Above the din of a great European war, the indignant voice of Christendom will be heard when Dr Craven's diary orosses the Atlantic. Unless be break its force, Miles must at onoe take his plaoe in history by the side of Hudson Lowe, and expect to meet bim "elsewhere than id the abode or of the blessed" when be shuffles off the mortal coil. By a slight paraphrase of certain well known lines, when he departs upon his journey to that bourne from whence no traveler returns, we may say, "Open wide the gates of Orcus, Where the soul* of tyrants roast; Open wide the gates of Orcus, To receive another ghost." .< No one can read the charge of Dr. Crav and the report of Dr. Cooper without disci ring that but for the courageous humanity of bis medical attendants, Mr. Davis would have long since suocumbed to the slow tortures of wbiob he was for twelve mooths the viotirn. To the noble humanity of these gentlemen, and the late orders of President Johnson, Mr. Davis is indebted for the little life which is yet left io bis frail body. Denied all conversation with the very soldiers who paoed day aud night np and down his narrow oell, who oan describe the oheering effects of the daily visits of his kind physicians? But this source of oonsolatioo did not meet the Approval of the humane Miles.-? Hudson Lowe permitted friends, physicians and guards to talk with Napoleon, but we have now to "cap the olimax" of Miles' noble conduot, by showing how be at last denied to a su.geon of the ex-Presidont the privilege of free and unrestricted conversation with his patient! If Dr Craven had not wisely published the whole offioial correspondence,. the ?61- I lowing statement would seem inoredible : i On the 25th of Ootober last "Mr. Davis 1 having oomplained that his clothing was too thin for the increasing cold" of a room in < which there was no fire, Dr. Craven request- i ed a "friend to procnre a good heavy black I pilot overcoat" and "some flannels for the t prisoner." j l "These aote," says Dr. Craven, "appear- i ing to me innocent, and even laudable, ] caused me great trouble, as may be seen by 1 the following oorreepondenoe, finally leading e to a peremptory order which altogether i broRe on tbe previously tree relations I baa I exercised with Mr Davis. I All of us probably recollect tbe deleotable Forney's noble rage about this memorable overcoat. That incomparable wretch was indignant at President. Davis having good warm clothing. When Forney beard that a tailor named "Owens" was making an overcoat for Mr. Davis, the Chronicle sponted mod for a week. It favored Mr. Davis' freezing to death, and charged that the conspiracy to keep him warm was the "work of traitors." It is consoling to refleet, however, that if there is any heat in Oroas, that Forney will not require an over coat when the devil gets his own. As a matter of course Miles is au attentive reader of the Chronicle, and Forney's clamor about ex-President Davis' overooat greatly exercised that humane hero. Dr. Craven states that on the 10th of November last, in eonsequenoe of "oertain comments in the newspapers upon an over coat having been ordered for Mr. Davis of S. W. Owens, a tailor of Washington City, be received a brief official letter from the Major-Genera] commanding (Miles) "inquiring if any orders had been given him" | (Craven) "for an overcoat for Jefferson n. O)} l^aviaj ; To this important offioial interrogatory Craven at onoe replied "respectfally" that "be did order a tbiok overooat, woolen drawers and onder shirts for Mr. Davis, because the prisoner was feeble in health, and the winds of the coast eold and pierciog." Upon this reply Miles chewed the ond of itoth sweet and bitter reflection for the space of eight days, and on the 18th of November, burled a second official order at Craven to tbe effect that "in future yon give no order for Jefferson Davis without first communicating with these Head Districts, and also, that in future your conversations with Jef ferson Davis must be confined strictly to professional matters." "Head District" Miles then closed his angry order with tbe ( following reference to the "momentous overcoat." "You will also report the price naid for Jefferson Davis' overcoat, and bv wuisxxi patu * jlv viiia tnjvo j that be did "not know tbe cost of the overcoat?bad not received tbe bill, bat would ! send it to General Miles when received." A few days afterwards tbe noble Miles, barning with patriotic impatience, again wrote to Craven, asking "if tbe overcoat furnished to tbe prisoner bad been paid for?" To this letter Craven responded, "that parties unknown bad paid for the overcoat witbort bis approval, knowledge or consent." This ended tbe famous "overcoat correspondence," which terminated tbe humane and pleasant inteftourae of the illustrious prisoner and bis kind physician, and we allude to it editorially, as tbe pioture which if elsewhere drawn of Miles, would be imperfect if this characteristic correspondence was omitted. From the Masonic Trowel. Incident of the War. Cherawis a considerable village, or perhaps, rather, a small country town, in the Northern part of South Carolina, but a few tniles from the confines of the neighboring State of North Carolina. Gen. Sherman's viotorious arm; passed through it and remained there some days in the month of February, t 1865. The inhabitants were, of coarse, sab* ( jected to al] the losses aod sufferings whiob | in all ages and in all countries have been i consequent upon the inroad of a triumphant \ army into the reigon of what it deems a pe- \ ouliarly hostile foe. But even amid the ex* f oitement of angry and mercenary passions, < which always prevail to too great and extent i among the soldiers of an invading and con- \ quering host, the still small voice of mason- g ry will be beard and felt. j Dr K , an intelligent mason, and a ( most wosthy citizen of Cberaw, has related t to me the following anecdote, whioh I give c almost in his own words: t Some time previous to the appearance of a ^ i m i a .a tv Z tieoerai anerman's army,' saia roe doctor, >1 transported from my plantation to my c residence in Cberaw, a large amount of pro- c visions, whioh I had oansed to be stored, for ? safe keeping, in the attio rooms of my dwel- 1 ling house. There were living with me at r the time my wife, my children, snd a lady who was a distant relative, all dependent on 1 me for protection and support. On the day s after the appearance of the army in the c town, I was standing at the door of my man s sion, when ao officer approached, acoompan- t ied by a guard and followed by a large bag- n gage wagon. He introduced himself as t Lieut. B , of Wisconsin, when the fol- f lowing conversation took place : o Have you any specie in your house V r <1 have not/ c 'Have you any gold or silver?' s 'Yes, I have a gold watob, and my wife a baa another; and 1 have the usual plate of g a respectable family?some silver forks and a spoons, and things of that kind/ t 'Well, I will attend to those matters in v time. What provisions have yea in the a house V 'About enough to last my family a year.' ( 'Show them to me/ <1 conducted him to the attio room, followed by my wife, and be aooompanied by J his guard of soldiers. 'He looked at the f goodly display of wheat, and maise, and b baooo, and corned beef, and then said: i <1 have an order.frOm General Sherman f to take all jour prorisons, ezeept tettrxtiiedi For ten days for jour familj-?Men, #8? & aork and fill the wagon/ - ' <1 looked on with oouatematktfL The Idea jf being left with onlj tea ilajl pnntfniia, f ill meaoa of transportation taken away, lh?' railroad and bridges destroyed, andaopos* ability, therefore) of getting a fresh supply, fas anything but a deleotable prospect, as t afforded in the future emy aioaafr sp proaohing pioture of actual starvation*' fist [ thought that if he were a moon Jfctjue was (till some hope of sating myself a&dfMUfi^ Tom the threatened ruin; and forlitifitai ima in mv 1 ifa Inner M T Nan tiann Wmmn |**MV tu u*j IMV} ?VWg ?BV 4k HSfV IfWW M MMNW t>er of the Order, I determined to fare resoaneto for that aid nhinli il lilil [itieriwft to be in time of peril and danger. ?I eommeneed, therefore, in Ifamfctoim* expressive language of onr ifaWmMfa' I aire if Lieut. B-?, war a TliUftuf uf Ifa uystio tie. To my first signals he prompt j responded, and intfowtnintrteel wfcseua ) rineed that he wasamaater mason. I pitifald ;d in the same mysterious manner fife my nvesligations, and was satisfied thathamaa -1 so a Royal Arch eompanioo,and one bright too in the ritual Having learned thasBfal. [ resoved to try the expermetOvm cram, ind to make that last appeal, to wbieh I hoped he would not be inattentive, foe upon it was founded my hope of food for my wife rod children. 'The position of things at this time ?ae :hus: I was standing in the centra of the room where the provision* were stored; on my right bund was my wife ; Opposite to me iras the Lieutenant j the addiefa INflatM* left with the first load of provisiou^|M^ they were conveying to the wagon below. L availed m yself of the opportunity afcr&ed by their ahsenee, and by the faet that my wife was intently looking on far Idk bit pensive attitude, to'move bank > to make tint signal to which odfatlMfa cau wiiuuuw perjury, mux hi mjapuuu'The lieateDant, at he recognised the hail, seem sd for moment surprised, and perhaps confused. flfltataidlMllfcjMl hit heel and retreated to a window, iypBt he sat down and leaned his head Hiqftjjfr hand, appirently in deep thought. After a few minutes the soldiers, who HLftp*; Ited their Jint load in the wagon, returned, and were preparing to throw another , (odd upon their shoulders. At that moment tha lieutenant rose from his seat, and inrfgraf poice ezolnimed: 'Men 1 pat those things down. XtffhKt go." In response to their look of Mfpupe, he continued: <1 guess there isn't mare here than is efficient for the fkmilv.' .0 <Tbe soldiers departed emplj banded, and with them their commanding officer. As he T)w?ed onfc of ?.K? itwr Kf yMniiml bo a sergaant, who had paeittdMp mm placed there as a guard over the ptemieea. What thai; whisper meantleooD learned After the offloads departure, the sergeant approached me, and in a reepeotfel fater naked if I oonld accommodate him frith * place to sleep. I replied in the aSmwtbe, when be naid: < Another man will soon he herete relieve me, bat the lien tenant has gifts aw orders bo remain in the bouse and pioteet it from toy depredations bj stragglers/ -*.1; <Tbe mystic sign had prefailed, I wan. left, not with ton days', bat with Mieifaaa ten m on tie' provisions 3 my siirer and gold were untouched 3 and my house, under the aire fa 1 caardiaashin of the sergeant. 1HI never molested daring the iweiemg stay of the scidj* <1 never saw Lieutenant B Sgiip/ said Dr. K , conclud'ng his tattt 'bat this I know of bim, that, whoever bet was be was a good and troe mosoivVv^vs":^"* No mason who reads this little sto^ will, we imagine, refuse his assent to the psopolition.?'Macketf. " - The Fower or Cyphers.?The enligh;ened man may have a clear ondspitanding >f thousands, and even millions} but Ottoh Deycod that he can form no distiet idea, i simple example, and one easily solved* sill illustrate the obeervatioB. * If ell the ?ast bodies of water that cover nearly three'ourths of the globe were mipihpd^dilp >y Irop, into one grand reservoir, the whole mmber of drops ooold be written by two words, "eighteen eectOJions," and tipm. led in fibres by annexing twenty-foar ?yjhers to the number eighteen. (18,000,100,000,000,000,000,000,000.) A man night an well attempt to explore the bounds if eternity u to form any rational idea of be anise embodied in the expression .hove; lor although the aggregate of (bops s indicated by figures in the spaoe of only me inch and a half in ordinary prio^ yet if taoh particular drop were noted by a separate stroke like the figure 1, it would form a ine of marks sufficiently long to wind ound the sun six thousand billions of times I Now observe if you please, the. marro* ous power of value which the chphers, inignificant by themselves, give the signifiant figures 18. The young reader will be urprised to learn that the use of the cypher o determine the 7alue of any partfealar figire, which is now practiced by etovy schoolioy, was unknown to the ancients. Thereore, among the Greeks and Romans, and tber nations of antiquity, arithmetical opeations were exceedingly tedious and diffialt. They had to reckon with pebbles, hells, or beads used as counters, to trans at the ordinary business Of life. Bran the ;reat Cicero, in bis oration for Bderins, the ctor, ia order to express three handled honsand, had to make nee of the very atk* rard and cumbrous notation, cccrooo OOCToo ocoiooo How very odd this seems: 'in tbo year of oar Lord MPOWLXVl V* 1866.)?Educational Monthly. . 1 * i9" A correspondent from Mexieo naya: radge Oldham, of Texas, formerly a Conederate Senator, is in CordovaVffttiag a iatory of the "Confederate Straggle," and, a the meantime, is supporting by ihotographing.