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Jfaaps ami $ack The receipts from customs, internal revenue and miscellaneous sources, for the present fiscal year, will be over five hundred and seventy one millions and a half more than those of the previous year. As a large maple tree was being sawed into stove wood, at Lyndon, Vermont, the other day, a stone, measnrnig nearly four by six inohes, was found imbedded within it. The stone was about sixteen feet from the roots of the tree, and one hundred and twenty annual layers of wood had grown over it. We see it stated that Lieutenant Andrew Campbell, uf the Thirteenth Tennessee Volunteers, who killed General John H. Morgan, after he bad surrendered, has reoeived an appointment, upon the recommendation of Judge Patterson, Senator elect from Tennessee.?Louisville Courier, Iftil 1C7 Ul. The New York Tribune says that the taxes in this coantry are heavier than are or ever were borne by any other thirty millions of people on the earth. Adding oar State and Munioipal to oar National taxes, and they amount to not a penny less than $20 each per annum, for the whole American people. The population of the world is now - about 1,225,000,000. Protestantism enrolls about 80,000,000. Romanism aod the Greek Church report about 230,000,000. Not one-fifth of this world's population is even nominally Christians, and oat of the 80,000,000 of Protestants not more than 15,000,000 are estimated as devont members of the Protestant Church. The traveling public will be gratified to learn that the People's Line of Steam Ships, of which Messrs. Willis & Chisolm are the Agents, have reduced the fare from Charleston to New York to thirty dollars ($30). We aie also informed it is the intention of the Company to make a redaction in the prices of freight at an early day.? Charleston Courier. The law officer of the Government, under the instructions of the President, is preparing to have Jefferson Davis arraigned before the United Circuit Court of Virginia, which meets at Norfolk, Virginia, on the first Monday in May npon the charge of high treason. Nothing will prevent this action but the intervention of Congress, or the refusal of Chief Justice Chase to try the case.? Washington Republican, 25th The Ways and Means Committee of the House have now completed the tax bill in all its essential features, with theexoep tion of tobacco and spirits. These will be reported upon separately. The bill will be. reported about the middle of this week.? The tax on incomes has been equalized at Jive percent., and the exemption raised to one thousand dollars. The tax on clothing is reduced to ODe per cent and on boots and shoes to three per cent. It is reported that the military districts of Charleston, Port Royal, EasterD South Carolina aod Western South Carolina, together with the 3ub districts are to be a bolished. These districts are to be divided into twelve military posts, named as follows: Charleston, Colleton, Georgetown, Hilton Head, Lawtonville, Beaufort, Darlington, Columbia, Aiken, Chester, Anderson and Unionville These posts are to be garrison ed by seven regimeuts of volunteer troops, among which will be the One Hundred and Twenty eighth United States colored troops. ?National Intelliyencer 25th. Thirteen daily papers of New York have returned to the Internal Revenue Bureau $1,878,267 as the amount received during the 13 months preceding December 31, 1864, for advertising. The Herald, ?577,455; Tribune ?260,096; Times, ?251,812; the others smaller amounts.? Daring 1865 the same papers report nn aggregate of ?2,483,724. The Transcript an^l the Staats Zeitung have the largest proportionate increase ; the former in 1864, ?62,644?in 1865, ?164,461 ; the latter in 1864, ?67,550?and in 1865, ?128,380. Advertising pays pretty well in Philadelphia also. Daring the three months ending March 31, 1866, sixteen papers (daily and weekly) have received an aggregate of ?297,254,06. The share of the Public Ledger is ?72,213,62; rbe Press, ?44,077; the Enquirer, ?42,851,65. The Camden Journal contains the proceedings of a pablic meeting of the citizens of that District, in regard to the refusal by Judge Aldrich to hold Court, because i -r c Cu uiiiu&ijr iineriereuuu iu iuc CAeuuuuu ui a senteno pronounced by him at the January term in Charleston. This meeting comprised the members of the bar, officers of the Court, and citizens generally, and was presided over by Col. William M. Shannou, The resolutions, disapproving the Judge's course, were introduced by Gen. Joseph B. Kershaw, so well known as an accomplished soldier and gentleman. The meeting was entirely respeottul to the Judge, as might be expected. It was declared by resolution "that the refusal of the Judge to exercise the jurisdiction permitted tbeui is not warranted by the circumstances, would be subversive of order, encourage lawlessness and crime, disappoint the just expectation of the people, shut the doors of justice against our own oitizens, and if persisted in generally will tend to an extension of the jurisdistion of military courts, to embrace all classes of people and all subjects of litigation."? The action of Judge Aldrich, be it remem bered, is not endorsed by similar action of another Judge in the State, and we feel assured that his course has received few com menaauons anywnere?jmaerson lutein yencer. The State Drpartmeot ha? published a corrected list of diplomatic and coosular officers of the United States in foreign countries, and also a list of foreign Ministers, their Secretaries and Attachees, accredited to the Government of, and foreign Consols residiug in, the Uuited States.? The list exhibits ti at there are 12 Envoys Extraordinary and Ministers Plenipotenti ary, 2U Ministers resident, 1 CoP.misicrer, 2 Commissioners and Consuls Geuerai, 29 Secretaries of Legation, 2 Assistant Secretaries of Legation, 1 Secretary of Legation and Dragoman, 1 Interpreter, and 1 Secretary of Legation and Interpreter, 9 ConsulsGeneral, 5 Vice Consuls General, 261 Con euls, S Deputy Consuls, 27 Commercial Agents, 102 Vice Consuls, 275 Consular Agents, 10 Vice-Commercial Agents, 3 Agents of Commeroial Agents, 7 Interpreters, 7 Marshals of Consular Courts, 1 Deputy Marshal of Consular Court, 13 Consular Clerks, and 6 jadioial officers?the latter appointed under the provisions of the treaty with Great Britain of 1862. Of these officers there are one hundred aud forty one who only recei/e the fees of the offices held by them. The salaried officers number six hundred and sixty two, their salaries rangiug from 8500 to 817,500 per annum. The Marshals to Consular Courts (of whom there are seven) receive 81000 and fees.? The aggregate amount annually paid to diplomatic and consular officers, by the United States is 8715,900. The list also embraces the names of all the diplomatic and consular officers accredited to this Government from foreign countries. Of these, there are nearly five hundred. ?htfjwfevilk YORKVILLE. S. C. THURSDAY MORNING, MAY 3, 1866. OUR TEBM8?IN ADVANCE. " THREE DOLLARS AND FIFTY CENTS per year; TWO DOLLARS for six months; ONE DOLLAR for three months?payable in "greenbacks." When payment is made in specie,TWO DOLLARS AND FIFTY' CENTS per year; ONE DOLLAR AND TWENTY-FIVE CENTS for six months; SEVENTY-FIVE CENTS for three months. Single copies, TEN CENTS. {ft?-Corn, Flour, Wheat, Bacon, Lard, Firewood, Ac., will be received forSubscription, Advertising or Job-Work, at market prices. {ft?-The paper will be discontinued on the expiration of the time for which payment has been made. Subscribers who find a (X) cross mark on the wrapper or margin of their paper, will understand that the time paid for has expired. {ft?- Mr. JOHN R.-ALLEN, Post Master, at Chester C. H., is our authorized agent for Chestes District. {ft^Col. T% P. SLIDER, at the Mills House, Is our sole agent in Charleston, for receiving advertisements and subscriptions for the Ekqcirer. ENQUIRER CLUB RATES. PER YEAR?IN ADVANCE. IN SPECIE. IN "GREENBACKS." ? COPIES,...9 A 50 9 6 00 <s roDire 6 9K 12 SO [ 10 COPIES,... 17 50 as 00 and an extra copy to the person making a club of ten. After a club has been returned and the money paid, the person making the olub may add as many more subscribers at the rate of the original olab, as is desired. X. Subscribers who find a (X) cross mark en the wrapper or margin of their paper, will understand that the time paid for has expired. CASH ! We wish it distinctly understood that our terms for subscription, advertising and job work are cash. "THE SITUATION." Some weeks ago the President communicated to Congress, urgoni requests from the Post Master General and Secretary of the Treasury, in favor of the modification or repeal of the Test Oath, for officers in their * "r\ * *_ mi i_? _ _a i respective .uepartmenis. me suujeci iias been before a committee, of which Senator Wilson is chairman, and that gentleman has recently reported its opinion upon the matter.- This report opposes all idea of repeal or modification, and insists thatN^e oath shall be strictly required, for a variety of reasons apparent to gentlemen of Republican proclivities. A minority report of one gentleman on the Committee?Mr. Guthrie?who differed from the majority report, presents a sensible view of the whole question in a nut shell. The Republican programme already prepared for the South is gradually disclosing itself. Prominent members of Congress have recently (notwithstanding that whiskey Is no longer sold in the Capitol) deliv ered themselves of their schemes. One of these is for Congress to remain in session all summer, 60 as to keep watch and ward over the President?prevent him from re-organizing the Cabinet, or making appointments to vacant offices. The Senate holds this power over him. Another evident feature in the programme is to be the forcing of negro suffrage upon the South. Although this fact is not generally announced, it has | now become too palpable to admit of the j least doubt upon the question. This will I be run through in the shape of a sort of ! enabling clause, not actually requiring it in so many words, but offering re-admission to the States "lately in rebellion," provided they acoept it. It will hardly succeed.? ; Negro suffrage is too unpopular even in the j radical Congress to ru i such a programme j over the inevitable veto. But the South, in | the meantime, must await in patience what ; ever is in storo for her. The prospects are ! gloomy enough for her, without going into further speculative -outrages. The reports indicate that the Reconstruction Committee is about to be dissolved, i Its members are said to be divided in seu; timent, and the various propositions putbe; fore it have failed to meet with thennanimi ity necessary to carry them before Congress. | The latter body is also anxious to resume | the vast powers delegated to this Commit! tee, and assume control of the affairs of the country itself. So far as we of the South | are concerned, the matter is ono of small j importance. We cannot pcroieve anything ; more conservative in the doings of Congress I than in the Committee room. Measures inteoded to affect the South, whether baneful or ben-ficial, will in time fiod their way ' through Congress, and the result will in the | end be about the same. The question of : time only, will be affected by the discharge of this higli chamber of usurpation. The New Yoik papers state that a caucus ' of the delegation from that State was held in Washington last week, and an under etandiog reaohed as to their future policy, on the subject of reconstruction. Their conclusion was that it was requisite for Congress to speedily adopt some affirmative policy of a liberal character with whioh to go before the people. It web agreed that ; the question of regulating suffrage must be ignored by Congress and left to the people of the States to decide. A third point ef policy decided upon, was the adnrission of the State of Tennessee. This aotion, by so important a body as the New York delegation, is of great significance, as indicating a disposition to recede from extreme measures. The admission of Colorado as a State 6till hangs fire. The bill will probably pass and receive the President's veto. The difficulty in the way is that the Constitution oi the State prohibits negro suffrage. Congress proposes to remodel this instrument and admit the State upon principles of universal suffrage. CHOLERA. Tbe Cholera still rages ou board the steamers Virginia and England, at the N York quarantine grounds. No cases had at last advices been reported in- the city, though daily expected there. The disease has assumed a milder form, and is less fatal than at its inception. Vigorous measures are on foot to prepare the city for this horrible scourge. THE "MIDDLE-GEORGIA WEWS.'! We have reoieved the first number ol this paper, the publication of which ha.' been recently commenced at Madison, Georgia. Dr. F. Olin Danelly is announced as editor and proprietor, and Mr. Wilson Rice, ab publisher. The editor and publisher are both thorough going and energetic men, and we predict a successful careei for the Neva. The paper is well filled witt interesting matter and printed in good-style, We extend our hand to the editor and pub lisher and place the i\ews on our exchang? list. ?_ BUTLEH. While the notorious Butler was it oomuand of New Oileans after its fall, he managed to steal $50,000 in gold frou Sam'l Smith <fc Co., Bankers, of that city A few months ago these gentlemen suspecting that the money had found its way to wards the U. S. Treasury no farther thai Butler's pockets, decided to try the vir tue of legal proceedings to recover thif sum. The demand was made through ar attorney for it* restoration, and BEN'Snd ing himself clearly caught in his rascalii<y, magnanimously comes forward and says thai the money has been "kept in his hands ic Massachusetts," ready to answer the de mands of the owners, (which, however, hf never expected to be made). A dear "con fess" was all he could do, but endeavors tc soften it by "military necessity pleas thai are too stale to decieve now. - ? EOBEIGN NEWS. ^ The complications between Prussia aDd Austria, seem to thicken. The seizure ol the Duchies of Schleswig-IIolstien, from Denmark by these two powers, is now the busis of the quarrel. Prussia claims the whole of the spoils, and Austria claims ac equitable division of the plundered territo ry. Tho public sympathy is with Austris in the matter, and the cruise of the Prus Man Government is regarded as rapaciou; and aggressive. The probabilities of war upon the issut are very strong. Each party is concentra ting its forces upon its frontiers, and inter changing spiteful communications. Each however, says it does- not intend to begit the attack, and this fear to assume th< dreadful responsibility of the aggressor may possibly avert the impending calamity Europe is seriously disturbed by this ijuur rel, audthe principal powers have addressee notes to the* beligerents, deprecating thi baste and bad feeling manifested by each and solemnly protesting against the powe who shall first break the peace The in fluence of these representations it is though will prove wholesome. France and Italy are also preparing ti | take sides in the struggle if it should com mence. The excitement in Paris horn thi cause, is said to be greater than has existet I for years. Ttaly hopes to avail herself o i this opportunity to join tho assailants an< release her remaining proviuces from thi {yoke of Austria; and France declares ot I hcially, that it the war is begun, she caD | not maintain her neutrality between thi 1 parties The uneasiness of trade, the de | pressicn in the cotton market, and the big! prices of foreign fabrics and breadstuff's have been brought about by this contem plated feast of blood in the far away val leys of the Elba, which for ceuturie j past, has been the prominent battle fiel< j of Europe. Its grassy plains have dranl ; more human blood perhaps than any othe separate locality in the whole world. I was here that Charles the XII began hi ! splendid career of reckless greatness, ant with a handful of men overturned arm; after army of the best troops of Germany It was here that Frederick the Great de ployed his Legions in the grand trial o strength with the giant powers of Europe and here that Napoleon triumphed over th | combined skill of the Germanic Coofeder I ation, and deposed Kiogs and Prioces b; ' a nod. Again this fertile valley is about t be ebriehed by other libations of human blood, upon the vain issues of imperial am bition. FRANCE AND MEXICO. Since the close of oar -unhappy war, the United States Government has addressed itself to the task of disarming the French intervention iu Mexioo. Maximilian, an Austrian Duke, deposed of his own principality in Europe, was a couple of years ago, placed on the Mexican throne by Napoleon the III, and his authority supported by French troops. This act being in violation of American policy to admit the control of foreign powers on American soil, the United States entered serious protests against the usurpation. A lengthy and ^ somewhat unfriendly correspondence between the French and United States Governments, has been conducted for the past twelve months upon this subject, with the prospect at ODe time of involving both in/ difficulties. The correspondence has at length terminated by the courteoas acqui> escence on the part of Napoleon, to the demands of the Government, announcing I that the French troops will be withdrawn i in three separate detachments, the first in i November 1866, and the last by November I 1867. \ i This will leave the Government of Maximilian in Mexico resting upon the will of the Mexican people. Its popularity will ^ then be put to its final test, and if npheld P ajd strengthened by them, will settle the ^ unfortunate rule of faction that has so long immersed her territory in the blood of civil I strife. ! Austria, it is said, however, proposes to lend her favorite cousin on the Mexican throne, a few thousand bayonets to sup-' port his dynaety, wLcn the French shall have abandoned him. Mr. Seward i has addressed to Francis Joseph an energetic remonstrance against this liberality in } American affairs. It is quite probable that with Prussia, Franoe and Italy growling " upon her frontiers, Austria will find plenty of service for her now idle troops, without 1 lending them to the Mexican Emperor.? J Altogether Max's prospects are gloomy, 1 and a combined effort of the Mexicans un' der an able leadership, would easily result : in deposing him from his usurped throne, if they Bhould so will it. I ?! ? MERE-MENTION. , The dwelling-house, kitchen and other , buildings, at Charlotte, belonging to Cplonel William Johnston, President of the Charlotte and South Carolina llailroad, were t destroyed by fire on Friday last The loss , is estimated at 812,000?insured for S8,000. The origin of the fire is unknown. j The eotire negro force of Tupper & Thurston's Lumber Mill in Charleston, ( struck for higher wages a few days ago.? . The proprietors declined to give an advance ; and the consequence is, that tbey have been supplied with efficient white labor in every ' department, and Cuffee has been turned ' adrift. Gen Forrest, who killed a f freedman some weeks ago in a personal i rencounter, has been admitted to bail in Sunflower eonntv. Miasissinni. without examination, by Judge Ybrger, under bonds of ten thousand dollars. It is 1 reported that the President will soon issue . a proclamation setting ap.,rt the 17th inst., , as a day of fasting and prayer, in view of the anticipated visit to this country of the cho'era The last occasion of this kind was - in 1840, when Gen Taylor appointed a fast day, also on the account of the cholera. > President Johnson has subscribed twenty five dollars towards the Tennessecan, a paper published in Nashville in the interests of the frecdmen." Senator Sumner ? subscribed five dollars. The lltchj mond papers say that 30,000 soldiers were ; interred in that city during the war. Gen Grant, who has been spending some ' days in Richmond, is understood to have said that the people of the South will ulti mately receive their rights, and that Presi] dent Johnson's general policy will prevail, s but that meanwhile we most practice patience. The Methodist Conference ' have ek ited four new Bishcps, to wit: r Rev. Dr Wigiitman, oi South Carolina ; Rev. Mr McCiieyne, of Louisiana; Rev. I Dr Doooett, of Virginia ; Rev. M. Marvin, of Missouri?all learned men, and the ? /I 1 choice nearly unanimous. uenerai 3 Grant and the President are represented - as of one mind upon the "ubjeotof a generx al amnesty, and to this party Secretary Sewj ARL? may he added. The matter is now under advisement, j Hev. S. C. Millen, formerly a resident of Yorkville, and now residing at Statesville, e N C., has been honored with the degree of - I). D. by the University of Indiana, of . which he is a graduate. The N. Y. e Tribune proposes, in future, to try white people in the South, before black juries, on the ground that that is the only way to seJ cure their conviction. What next? i, Several of the railroad companines and machine works at Richmond, Va , have discharged a large number of their employees recently for want of work for them. 9 In I860 there were 436,000 negroes in Misi issippi, and by Judge Sarkey's-statement i before the Reconstruction Committee, more thau 200,000 of them must have died. Among the enterprises on foot in this State 1 is.an India Ruber Manufactory, under the 9 auspices of the "Charleston India Rubber i Company." Attorney General Wal- , y lack, of Tennessee, emphatically declares that he neither will obey nor respect a law so palpably violative of the rights of each State, to legislate on all subjects of a State f oharacter, as the Civil Rights law. In Michigan, at the recent local elections, the colored people voted for the first time, having recently been admitted to the right of suffrage In all the reports of inF terments in Alabama, 'he negroes outnumber o the whites in the proportion of one-third. LOCAL MATTERS. NEW ADVERTISEMENTS. James L. Orr, Governor.?Proclamation! Dr. Wra. M. Walker?Surgeon Dentist. . Walter IT. Mctts, C. E. Y. D.?Notice to Creditors of Phillip Etters. Walter B. Mctts, C. E. Y. D.?Notice to Creditors of Matthew McCammon. John A. Brown, O. Y. D.?Citation.?D. C, Crosby, Administrator.?Daniel Williams Cros' y, deceased. Homcslcy &. Ashcr.?Great Inducements Offered. " " ?Flour. " " ?Parasols. ?' " ?Ladies Bonnets and Hats/ " " ?Challis and Crapes. ? ? ?Calico. G. R. Raich ford's?Superb Stock of'New Goods. ? ?Fresh Groceries. Carroll, Clark St Co.?School Books. " " " ?Naylor's Cast Steel. it it it ?Apple Vinegar. " " " ?English Scythe Blades. " " ? " ?Calico at 10 cents per yard. " " " ?Hardware. ? a it ?Stationary. Floyd, Dobson 8t Co.?To the Ladies. u it u ?cheap Calico. " " " ?Ladies FlnekShocs. " " " ?Skirt Flounces. ii a a ?Hoop Skirts. " " "?Fine Jaconets and Swiss. " a a ?Black Silk. a ! a ?Rereee. " " u ?Paraaols and Bolts. " " " ?Ct.ps and Saucers, Plates, ice. " " ' ?CutTs and CoHare. " " " ?Gentlemen's Summer Shoe. " " " ?I. X. L. Pocket Knives. " " " ?Chewing Tobacco. W.U. McCorkle.?Piano for 3ale. ' v ^ Hail. A severe bail-storm and wind, visited a porti'on of this District east of the town, on Sunday last. Considerable damage was doDe to the fencing, and growing orops.? Much of the cotton will require a second planting. So far as we oat, learn, the track of the storm was narrow, but the damage done severe, I?" The seoond number of "The Baptist Church and Sunday School Messenger" is on oar table. It contains an interesting Table of Contents for religious and Sunday School reading. The work is one of merit, and displays talent and indastry. Its cheapness (32 per annum in currency) should make it a desirable addition to the Baptist family oircles. Divine Service. We have been requested to State that Rev. Tilman R. Gaines, of the Baptist pereuasioD, will preaoh at the Old Methodist Church, ia Yorkville, at 4 o'clook, p. m., on next Sabbath. Also, to aoDouDce that on the 2d Sabbath in this month, it is expected to organize a Baptist Church. The services will be held in the old Methodist Church, beginning at 10i o'clock. Several ministers of the Baptist order are expected to be present. The public are respectfully invited. May Day. The young ladies of the Female Seminary, in charge of the Rev. Messrs Anderson, celebrated May Day with appropriate festivities. At 11 o'clock, the boll of the College, awakening so many fond recollections of the past, sent forth its loud and joyful summons, and the happy bands of fair girls repaired to the ground. The spot selected, a beautiful grove in the rear ol Col. McCaw's residence, was well prepared and decorated. The rostrum for the speakI er of the day, iMr. James E. Wilson, was tastefully enwreatbed and hung with flowers and evergreens. After prayer bj : Rev. Douglas Harrison, Mr. Wilson was happily introduced by Rev. J. Monroe Anderson. The address possessed the charm of compactness and brevity, was expressed in clear aud forcible language, with a modest and natural style of delivery. Containing solid and excellent advice, pleasantly spiced with humor and closing with a truthful and ardently deep-felt eul'ogium on the women of our second Revolution, it was well received and attentively listened to by the auditory. At its close, a shower of boquets was poured upon the speaker?sufficient reward for any orator. The Pie Nio dinner followed in due course, of whioh bountiful and elegant collatioo everybody partook, and which everybody praised. Then conversation became free and more genera! ; groups were formed; a buzz ol happy voices with occasional bursts ol ringing laughter filled the air, all presenting s pioture calculated to make any one hapry who ha'd a heart. May no shadow ever fall across the young hearts that basked in the sun light of hope that day. And may they all live to witness many more. Sale of Slaves Before the War.? The following case, says the Macon (Georgia) Messcnyer, which came off at the April term of Sumter Superior Court, before his Flonor, Alex. H. Speer, will be read with unusual interest. The points decided are such as to affect thousands of our citizens, and gives, on that account, a prominence tc this decision beyond that which usually attaches to a decision of t-bo circuit courts. We understand that the case will go up tc the Supreme Court: James W. Armstrong vs. Columbus W. Hand. Complaint on notes for value ol three negroes, sold in 1860. Plea, failure of consideration, and breach of covenant, etc. Id Sumter Superior Court, April term, 1866. Colonel Joseph Armstrong and General Howell Cobb, representing the plaintiff, Messrs. Hawkins and McKay for defendants. The facts are briefly these : Armstrong, plaintiff, on the 9th of January, 1860, sold three negroes to defendants, for a. given sum, and took theirnotes for the same, and now sues upon these notes. Plaintiff warranted titles, that they were slaves for life. The defendants plead failure of considers tion and breaoh of covenant of warraDtry, by the abolition of slavery. The court held the covenant only warranted the title and status of the slaves, as the law then stood, and that the act of the government abolishing slavery, repealed the covenant. The plaintiff was, therefore, entitled to recover the notes sued upon. X BY JAS. WOOD DAVIDSON. * - 1 COLUMBIA. S. C.; APRIL 30.1860. * ? < The Charlotte Bail Boad. At leDgth this road is running tbroagb ( from Columbia to the Catawba river In ^ aootber week it will ruo through to Char- J lotte. ' Small Pox. There are fifty cases of small pox iu Co- 1 lumbiaj so we were told by a physician a few days ago. The disease is rather abating, we understand. The Carolinian. j This veteran daily is again in Columbia, < under the proprietorship of Mr. De Fon- ' taine. Messrs. Sperry and Timrod; are the j editors. We greet its reappearance, with ? _i T. muco pleasure n wao uccucu. r( Price of Mules. I A lot of about forty mules were sold at | Auction in Columbia a few days ago. The 5 prices ranged from $170 to 8280, and the | average all round was $215?all in curren- j oj- J It is considered that they were well sold. , Scott's Monthly Magazine. This monthly we have mentioned before. < It is published in Atlanta, Georgia; and is a first rate affair. Mr. Scott, the editor, Columbia last week seeking subscribers ; and we learn got a large number 'We feel that this support of home literature is well. White Labor. i We know of several citizens of our State who are making arrangements to get German and Irish laborers to till their lands. We propose in a short time to give the mode of proceeding, the prices usually paid, and the conditions' usually required in getting on this class of labor. Fashions for Ladies. A private letter from Paris states that the length of the trail of ladies' dresses for the drawing-room is three yards?nearly twice the length of the lady. The dress is gored and worn without hoops. The street dress i9 quite abort?several inches short of the ground, and a few inches shorter than the underskirt. /' National Bank. We are to have a national Bank in Co* lumbia, as soon as the concern can get under way. This will be a great public bene. fit; and will be an especial favor to our oity, as it is hoped that it will relieve it from its incubus of individual shin-plasters?what the freedmeD call "white money," to which v they have a great distate. General John S. Preston, we understand, is to be the ^President of the First National Bank of Columbia, as this new institution is to be , called. Success to it, and its money to us ! English Grammar. We wonder why people of sense and education will oontinue to use suoh expressions " as?"I had rather not do it," "you hud ; better go with me," "I had as lief say so as . not." We wonder, because we don't see. Mayhe we could see, if some of those - who persist in using such-expressions would , show us how they parse Had do in the , first of the above examples ; how they parse Had go in the second ; and how they parse Hud say in the third. f If they tell us that Shakspeare or Dryden, : or anybody else used suoh expressions, , that wont help us a bit. Mexico. General Karly is out with a letter about Mexico, iD which bo throws cold water io a very abundant stream over all ideas of , emigrating to-that country. He says that , the highly colored pictures of the country that we have been regaled with, are overdrawn and far too highly - colored. He thinks the present government (we mean the Maximilian government) is apy thing but a permanent one. In this connection we would do well to remember, that General Early admits that he himself saw very little of the country; also to remember that General Early is a born antagonist to things generally. Thfl fihnlflra. The Asiatic Cholera has reached America, aod is now iD the United States. Lxcept when we chronicled the Seces : sion of South Carolina in 1860, we have : never penned an item of such grave and terrible importance. ( The Red Horse of War has been ridden in bloody horror across our country. Now is to cuiue the Pale Horse on which rides i that skeletonic equestrian Death The denizers of cities may as well contemplate this Pale Rider, because doubtless they must sooner or later stand near bis path of horror. By sooner or later, we mean early or late in the coming summer A case of genuine Asiatic cholera proved fatal at Portland, Maine; and two vessels 1 are now in quarantine off New York, both i having the contagiou on board. Let us recapitulate a few ideas about this 1 Cholera. We mentioned it a few weeks i ago. The disease can be carried from place ' to place in olothing or any other material I that can asorb it. It follows the great routes of travel?railroads and navigated rivers? ' deviating from then only when carried away from them. It goes neither against nor with the wind. It travels just as fast as it ' is carried, and no faster. It travels in suin1 mer and in winter alike. It infects who- j i ever touches it, either in a patient, or his , clothing or his room. The disease acts upi on the blood, generally manifesting itself in ' cholerine or diarrhoea. It may kill in one hour. Those who lead an irregular life of ' dissipation and intemperance, if attacked by the disease, must die. Many others re, cover from it. Nursing and early attention | | are of much avail. \ I Everybody, especially physicians, should ! , | be as thoroughly informed upon this dis-1 ease, its symptoms, and early treatment, as possible. -if Those who havo a cfjiocy for imagining what Asiatic Cholera may be in our large cities, may have excellent assistance in the way of suggestion by reading Charlos Brock i den Brown's famous novel Arthur Merui/n, j t in which the author depicts the horrors of I the Yellow Fever in Philadelphia many > years ago Its sickoning horrcrs make one's ( memor, reel. The Military Courts. The military department of our State, inder General Sickles, has been re-organzed, by abolishing, the Districts and SabDistricts; and creating posts with garrisons it prominent localities. General Ames and itaff accordingly left us oo Wednesday of ast week; and the command devolves upon Dolonel Greene of the 6th United States [nfantry?regulars. Colonel Greene is said :o be a gentleman of high tone, moderate n his views, and disposed kindly towards >ur people. We esteem ourselves fqrtunate n having suoh an officer in oommand. The 25th Ohio Veteran Volunteer Infantry, will leave for Charleston in a few lays, to be mustered out of service. < Since our last date, the order has been ssued announcing the acquittal of Mr. J. M. Smarr, of your District. Let us congratulate your citizens upon .the results of ihese oases?Wallace and Smarr. The argument in the case of Joseph S. Sims, jr., of Union District, was delivered jefore the military commission, by Colonel Vlelton. It is considered to be the best irgumcnt that has been delivered before ;hcsc military courts?best both in a legal point of view and in its controlling effect. Lt resulted in the acquittal of Mr. Sims, * bo is also "home again." The conviction of the parties, tried rejantly in Charleston?Stowers, Crawford Keyes, Robert Keyes, and Elisba Byrum ? for the murder of some United States soldiers in Anderson District; and the sentence of the former two to be hanged on Friday of last week (the 27th,) and the latter two to hard labor in the Massachusetts penitentiary for life?these things aroused the profouudest oonoern here ? The testimony was conflicting, the case a doubtful one at best, lawyers all agreeing that the accused oould not have been convicted by a jury in a common law court. To the astonishment of all?in many a heart was a stronger feeling than astonishment? they were convicted, and sentenoed as above stated Ooe of the condemned ones, Crawford Keyes, is an old man?-one of the best and most respected citizens of Anderson District; and is believed by his felloWcitizens to be utterly incapable of such a crime. Public anxiety, however,- has been relieved, for a time at least, by a suspension of dnorinnuT<in ia nnliliali. tliC DCUbCUUUO. J. UU uuupuuuiuu tu |/uw>iuu ed in General Orders by General Sickles, and is to continue until further orders from the President. This suspension we are ad vised, resulted from the personal mediation of Governor Orr, who weut to Charleston upon the matter as soon as bo heard of the senteooe. We have hopes that the sentence will be eventually commuted iu such way as to correspond in some degree with what a whole community feels to be the facts of the case. For the time being, military commissions have been discontinued in Colombia; and the prisoners on band, some fifteen in number, will be sent down to Charleston. If these tribunals are to be continued at all, as it is intimated, the people of the npcouotry are interested in having one in Columbia; and we hope their interests will be considered. The University of S. C. Wn kiinu tnnntin,ipit ftira inshtntinn fn our readers almost weekly?oallingatteDtion to its advantages, its claims upon public patronage, urging the thirty districts to send on their beuefioiaries ; and in general demonstrating as fully as we were able, the faot that the interest, Ihc honor and the hope of South Carolina all lie in the direot line of a whole-souled and liberal and immediate support and patronage of this institution. We have done this because we always say what we believe and feel to be best and most honorable for our whole people. Our opinions upon this matter have undergone no change. Two weeks ago we said that the University was a failure. Those who have read all that we have said during the last three months about the University, did not and could not misunderstand us. That isolated paragraph was transferred to a Colombia paper, and these persons who have read only that paragraph, may well form a mistaken notion of our temper and feelings towards onr alma mater. We are advised that some have done so. Our meaning, we say, was apparent to our constant readers. We held, as we hold, that the state institution of South Carolina with more than half a century of most honorable history?with a long line of distinguished alumni?with a Faculty true and tried, surpassed in learning and ability * ? j ? r e oy do similar ooay ui pruicsouro m iuc uuunu ?having all the applianoes and facilities for the moat thorough instruction of the youth of our country;?we held (to repeat) that euoh an institution, having such advantages, with but forty-five students within her walls, was a failure?a failure appalling in its character, and one which demanded the attention of the publio. Last December, even wc, who felt that the change from a College to a University was a aad mistake (to use our mildest phraseology)?even wc expected that ere this time there would boat least a hundred students in attendance. There are forty-five. Why are there so.few? Principally because the expenses of a courso in tbo University now are so great that very few can Btand them. We are speaking with the figures before us. Tuition, room-rent and use .of library, under the college system, cost the student jnst fifty (?50) dollars. The same, under the present University system, costs the student a hundred and fifteen (?115) dollars. But further, this ?115 entitles him to the instruction of only three professors ; whereas for the ?50 he got the instruction of eight professors To get the instruction of the same number of professors, the student now must pay for tuition, room-rent and use of library (for which in other days he paid ?50) two hundred and forty (?240) dollars. We write by the record. The friends of tho change claimed that the institution, if changed to a University, would become self-sustaining. Governor Orr in his messago to the Legislature said : "It will bring to your institution of learning three times as many students as you could collect in a College." A third of forty-five is fifteen. Governor Orr ezpeoted but fifteen youths to oome to