University of South Carolina Libraries
~ 1 * m ~ ' . '? . * * V? " - v I ' - ' v. ' ; .' - . 7:;r ? * * i&> . * . . y* ... ? % ? . ; > - # . * - V .'? . ' , . *' '* *" ** * ^ ~ ^ . ; . , ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ lewis m. qbist, Proprietor. ^ Jitirqjtjtireirt Jfamilj HUfospaptr: Jfjr'fjjt Ijromirfifln of tjit fffitfttaX, ^griraltarsl anlr* Commirtial fittewfir rf % . L? ' - - - ~ : . - " -- ? ' ~~~ . ' '~ . ' " - ' 11 - ~ . :7==: . VOLUME XI. v YORKVILLE, SOUTH CAROLINA, THURSDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 21. 1865. NUMBER 36. =? - . i . . . ,?...... .. . ' -a, t ??> A . ,.,-L ?olital fgfafte. Beport of the Secretary of War. The report of the Secretary of war, making an octavo pamphlet of forty-eight pages, consists almost entirely of a narrative history of the last year of the war, a subject abcat which oar readers may reasonably , be supposed to have a pretty distant recollection, and to have long since beard enough. We make a summary comprising * whatever of the report may be of interest """* THE NATIONAL MILITANT TONCK MAT 1, 1865. Tbfe Secretary begins by stating: The military appropriations * by the last Congress amounted to five hundred and sixteen millions two hundred and forty thousand one hundred and thirty-one dollareand seventy cents, ($516,240,131 70.) The military estimates for the next fiscal year, after careful revision, amount to thirty-three millions eight handred and four, teen thousand four handred and sixty-one dollars and eighty three cents, ($33,814, 461 88 ) The national military foroe on the first of May, 1865, nnmbered one million five hundred and sixteen men. It is proposed to rednoe the military establishment to fifty thousand troops, and over eight hundred thousand have already been mustered oat of service. ' TBI RATIOXAL XI LIT ART fORCK, BAT 1, 1864. He then gives the history of the campaign of 1864, from which it appears lhat on the 1st of May, 1864, the aggregate of the national military force of all arms, offi. oers and men, 970,710, to- wit Available force present for duty 662,3(5 Ob detached service in the different military department* ...............C.............. 109,348 In field hospitals, or unfit for duty 41,266 in general hospitals, or oa sick leave at borne 75,978 Absent on ftirioogh, or as prisoners of war 68,280 Absent without leave 15,483 Grand aggregate . 970,710 The-aggregate military foroe present for duty May 1, 1864, was distributed in tbe different commands as follows: ?. Department of Washington 42,124 Army of the Potomac....::'.. 120,380 Department of Virginia and North Carolina 59,139 Department or the South 18,165 Department of tbe Gulf.......r 61,866 Department of Arkansas........!. 23,666 Department of the Tennessee 74,174 Department of the Missouri............ 15,770 Department of the Northwest 5,395 Department of Kansas.... i 4,798 Headquarters military division of the Mississippi... 475 Department of the Cumberland ...119,948 Department of the Ohio....4. 35,416 Northern Department... 9,546 Department of West Virginia 30,782 Department of the east 2,828 Department of the Susquehanna 2,970 Middle department 5,627 Ninth army corpe 20,780 Department of New Mexico 3,454 Department of the Pacific 5,141 KAO TJt We give a sketob of the oampaign beginning at the Wilderness: The antagonist armies of Meade and Lee met-in conflict near Mine Run on the 5th day oF May. Forty-three days of desper ate fighting or marohing by day and night forced back the rebel army from the Rapidan to their entrenchments around Riohmond, and oarried the army of the Potomao to the south side of the James river. The strength of the enemy's force when the oampaign opened, or the extent of his loss; is not known to this department. Any in 1 equality of numbers between Lee's army and tbe army of the Potomao was fully compensated by tbe advantage of position., Reqolute purpose and desperate valor were' exhibited on both sides. In. the battles of tbe Wilderness, Spottsylvania Court House, -T*vinhn Ford. Hawe's Shop, and Cold Har w ' ? bor, maby brave soldiers and gallant officers perished. Among tbem were Brigadier General Wades worth, Brigadier General Hays and Mqjor General Sedgwick. Lieu, tenant General Grant in bis report observes: "The battles of the Wilderness, Spotsylvania, North Anna and Cold Harbor bloody and terrible as they were on our side, were even taors damaging to the enemy, and so | * crippled him as to make him wary ever af-J ter of taking the offensive. His losses in i men were probably not so great, owing to | the faot that we were, save in the Wilderness, almost invariably the attacking party, and when he did attaok, it was in the open * field." Although expectations of destroying Lee's army and the speedy capture of Richmond and Petersburg were disappointed and the enemy had foand refoge behind impregnable fortifications, the oampaign was still prosecuted with determined purpose towards the same objeot. While the rebel army was skeltered in his entrenohments the national forces were bosy at work, outside strengthening and advancing their position, breaking the oommnnications of the enemy, cnt' ting off and destroying bis supplies, narrowing hia limits, harassing him by raids, oeenpying his attention to prevent detachments or reinforoements being sent to oper ate elsewhere. Next comes an account of the operations of Siegel's, Hunter's and Sheridan's operation in the Valley of Virginia, find Sherman's in the South. On this latter bead we make one extract: For military reasons, stated in the report of the Lieutenant-GeneraJ, it was defer mined that Atlanta should be destroyed, and Sherman's armies push forward to Savannah or some other point on the Atlantic isoaat. ma campaign or 1666. At the commencement of the year 1865 all hearts were more anxious than ever to bring the war to a speedy olose. Every preparation to that end was made by the department and by the military commanders in the field. Adequate appropriations *?? voted and new Dopular loans author ized by Congress. Farther measures for reoroitiog the army, prompted by experience, were enacted. \ new draft for a half million of men was pat into prompt execatioa The State executives renewed their labors in calling for volunteers. The people responded to the demands of the occasion, and rapid recruitment began in all the States, and it was its height when Richmond fell. Troops were at that time being raised, organized, armed and equipped as fast aa they oould be convenient!} transported to the field. To the coming campaigns through the Carolioas and *in Virginia and ail eyes looked for a speed; and decisive result that should end the war Official reports show that on the first of Marob, 1865, the aggregate national military foroe of all arms, officers'and men was nine hundred and sixty-five thousand five hundred and ninety-one, to wit: I Available torce present tor duty.-. 608,598 J On detached service in the difierent military depart- ^ ments In field Hospitals, or unfit for duty 35,628 In genera] hospitals Or en tick leave at home...... 143,419 Absent on furlough or afl prisoners of war 31,695 Absent without leave 19,683 Grand aggregate .....965^91 This force was augmented on the first of May, 1865, by enlistments to the . number of one million five hundred and sixteen of all arms, officers and men?(1,000,516.) Tbe aggregate available force present for duty on the first of March, was distributed in the different commands as follows : Army of the Potomaa 103,273 Headquarters military dlvlalon of the Mississippi... - 17 Department of the Cumberlt lid .\ 62,626 Department of the Tennessee 45,694 Left wlnj army of Georgia 31,644 Cavalty corps military divisions of tbe Mississippi.. 27,410 Headquarters military division of West Mississippi 24 Reserve brigades military division of W. Mississippi 13,784 Department of the Gulf...., 35,825 Department of Arkansas 24,509 Department of the Mississippi 94,151 Sixteenth %rmy corps 14,395 Headquarters military division of Missouri 12 Department of Missouri 18,557 Department of the Northwest ; 4,731 Headquarters middle military division.. 841 Cavalry force middle mQltary division 19,980 Nlneteenth army corps 6,612 Middle department 2,089 Department of Washington 26,056 Department of West Vi^inla. 15,517 Dapartment of Pennsylvania ? 820 Department of the East t. 7,462 Department of Virginia. 45,986 Department of North Carolina 34,945 Department of the 8outh, 11,510 Department of Kentucky : 10,655 Northern Department 11,299 Department of the Pacific ' 7,024 Department of New Mexico ' 2,501 Grand total 602,493. Tbe mouth of Maroh, 1865, opened the great campaign against Richmond and tbe army that had so long defended the rebel eapitol. Instructions were given by tbe Lieutenant General on tbe 24tb of Maroh for a general movement of tbe national foroes aronod Riobmond. It oommeoced on tbe morning of tbe 29tb of March Ten days' marobiDg and fighting finished lbe cam paigo, Richmond, Petersburg, the army of Virginia and its commander, were oap tared. . Jefferson Davis and his so ouiled Confederate (iovernment were fugitives or prisoners of war. Davis fled from Richmood on the afternoon of Sunday, the 2d day of April. The national forces occupied Petersburg and entered Riohmond Monday morning. Lee's army was pursued until it reached Appomattox Court House, where, oo Sunday, the 9th of April, it laid down 1 its arms on the terms prescribed by General Grant. From this period the history of the war is but an enumeration of suooessive sun-endwv by ?ehel eemmaadora. On the 20lh 1 day of April General Johnston surrendered 1 to Major General Sherman at Raleigh, N. , Carolina. General Howell Cobb, with twelve hundred militia and Ave generals, 1 j?j n 1 M7;i? I surreuuercu iu vreuciai whovu, an xuauvu, Georgia, on the 20th of April. Gen. Dick Taylor, qq the 14th of May surrendered all $he jremaining rebel forces east of the Mississippi to General Canby. On the 11th of ' May Jefferson Davis disguised and in ' flight, was captured at ^rwinsville, Georgia. 1 On the 26th of May, General Kirby Smith surrendered his entire command, west of 1 the Mississippi to Major General Canby.? With this surrender the organized rebel force disappeared from the territory of thfi United States. A MILITIA IYSTKM. The establishment of a well organized militia system is one of the most important \ subjects that will demand the attention of Congress This subject has always received careful consideration, and it- is believed that, after conference with the aDDroDriate committees, a praotioal system ma; be agreed upOD. War rehocrces or rut nation?strekotu or the 1 STAHDIM8 ARMY. The war appropriations at the last session -of Congress, as has been stated, amounted to the som of $516,240,131 70. The estimates for the nextfisoal year, commencing Jane 30, 1865, arw $33,814,461 83. These estimates are so based apon a standing force of fifty thousand men, so organized as to admit of an increase, without additional organizations, to 82,60Q troops of all arms. The estimate has been made after conference and careful consideration, and is believed to be .adequate for an; national exigeno;, if the countr; should be blessed wftb peace. The reduction of the national military force, in its rapidity and numbers, is without example, and if there be any alarm in the publio mind because this reduction is made while grave questions at home and abroad are unsettled, a brief oon sideration or toe suDjeoc win enow cam there is oo cause for apprehension. The force to be retained is small compared with that which was organized to subdue the rebellion. But the only reasons demanding greater force are?1st, renewal of the inBurreotion; 2d, a foreign war.? For either or both emergencies the national resources remain ample. * * * * * * When the rebellion oommenoed the nation was a stranger to war. Offioere had little experience privates had none. But the present generation of men in this oountry are now veteran soldiers. For the battle, the maroh, or the seige, they are already trained-. They are as muob at home in the tented field as in the farm-house, the 1--. ?k/in Vrt timfi in rfl uiauuitiuiury, vr ius ouw|/> -?- ? quired to train them ; and the speed of the Yailroad and telegraph determines the time required to raise ao army in the United States. The report oonoludes with the following , paragraph; Looking to the causes that have acoomi plrshed the natignal deliverance, there i . seems no room henoeforth to doubt the sta bility of the Federal Union. These catses ' are permanent, and most always have an ; active existence. The majesty of national power has been exhibited io the oonragi and faith of oar citizens, and the ignoniin; of rebellion is witnessed by the hopeles end of the great rebellion. Report of the Comptroller of the Cur rency. The report of the Hon. Freeosn Clarke Comptroller of the Currency, 'states sine the last annual report from this offioe, tnri hundred and eighty three new banks ha* been organised, and seven hundred an< thirty-one State banks converted into ha tional associations, making the total nuthbe organised to November firet, sixteen bun dred and one; of'whiob six hundred am seventy-nine were new banks, and nim hundred and twenty-two were conversion! from State banks. Submitted with the report is a statemen ef the respective States and Territories ii which each bank is located," the paid in cap ital, the currency delivered to eaoh, andth< bonds deposited with the Treasurer to se cure their notes. Alsof a detailed state moot of the affairs of eaeb Bank on the firs Monday of Ootober last, with an abatrao of their condition on that day; an abstrao of the condition of all- the banks on tb< first days of January, April and Jnly, 1865 together with the names and compensatioi of the clerks and other employees,-and th< tetal expenses of the Bureau for the fisca year ending June 30, 1865. One bunk has voluntarily gone into liqui dation,* and has been closed under the provisions of the law, vis : First National Ban! of Columbia, Mo.; circulation outstanding 811,990; circulation redeemed, 878,010 Lawful money has been deposited with the Treasurer for the redemption of the out standing notes of the above named bank, and the bonds withdrawn. The First Na tional Bank of Attioa, N. Y., has failed, and a receiver appointed to olose op its af fairs. Its outstanding circulation, none ol which has been presented for redemption; is ?44,090, which is scoured by six and five per cent, bouds. Under the seventh seotion of the act a mendiug the act to provide internal revenue to support the Government, nearly all the State banks have voluntarily changed into national associations, and it is a gratifying fact that this transformation- has been accomplished without deranging the business nf thooa inatitntlnna rtr affnAtinrr oaonnfinlTn VI IIUVOV mowmvivMwj wt MUWWVIH^ VUUVUH.HI^ the volume of bank note circulation. The amount of national. bank notes in aotual circulation on the first day of Ootobei last was, $171,321,903. . With the addition of the State bank notes, legal, tendei notes and fractional currency j national bank notes in. hand not yet issued,. and national currency yet tofrelasaed to banks, makes a total of 81,083,452,238. Deducting Stoto bank circulation now outstanding that will be retired about as that as national currency is issued to converted backs 878,867,575; also, the amount of "compound interest notes" converted into 5 20 bonds siuoe the 1st of October last, 845,417,329?$1?3,284,904; tLe amount then left as the available ourrenoy of the oouutry is $960,167,326. To ascertain ->tbe amount of aotual aotive circulation there should be deduoted from the last mentioned sum, the amount of national ourrency-delivered to banks, and not then in circulation; national circulation not delivered to banks; amount of legal tender botes held by banks, inolndiog 874",261,847 compound interest notes; compound.interest nptes, other than those held by banks, mostly held as investments by insurance and trust companies, and savings banks, less say 810,000,000 In actual circulation, and ourrency in the Treasury of the United States; making a total of 8499,823,997. Whioh will show the actual oiroulation to be 8460,844,229; * % The Northern Slates will not ask for the amount of oiroalation to whioh thoir capital entitles them. Bonds have been deposited to entitle the banks now organized to 8244,754,145 of circulation only. In no event will the limit of the aotbe exceeded, Whatever may have been the intention of the framers of the Federal Constitution in respeot to the measure of value to be used in the transaction of business duriog a time of peace and in the ordinary flow oi events, there is ample justification for a departure from ametalic currency and a bank circulation redeemable in speoie on demand in the necessities of the country as superinduced by the unparalled civil war through which the nation has been called to pass.? Now, however, that the emergency whioh called for this departure from first principles has happily been surmounted, it would seem to be the dictate of soaDd policy, to return as speedily as the fioanoial oouditiou of the governmeut and the business interests ol the oountry will allow, to a more normal condition of the ourrency, so that the pecuniary relations subsisting between ourselvet and other nations tnay be placed on a more harmonious basis of value. The evils resulting from an irredeemable ourrenoy ate too well known to require enumeration. They should be tolerated no longer than absolute neoessity requires. By a gold valuation of our imports and exports, the balance that has accrned againsl the country during the four years previous to the 30th day of June last, inoluding the interest on American securities held abroad purchased within that time, and also taking into due consideration the difference between the standard of our own and that ol foreign gold, (nine and three-eighths pei cent.,) has been $308,000,000.' By reason of the probable falling off it * --Jit.r.i tDe export 01 coin, BUU IjUe luortjueuu auiuuui of interest to be paid abroad,-it is estimated that the aocruing balance during the pres ent fiscal year will amount to $120,000,00( making a total for five years of $428,000, 000.. Our ooly resource to pay this gold bal ance against us1 has been and still is, th< sale of our securities abroad. The amoum required, if sold at an average discount ta 40 per oent, will be $713,000,000, and th< 9 annual interest at six per cent, will be $42, y 780,000, The dwcoonfc of forty pe r cent, a will amount to $286,200,000; every dollar of whieh will be an entire loss to the " country. ' Ae the first .step to be taken towards a reduction of the Government issues need as t currency would indicate the conversion of 0 all interest bearing legal tender - notes into > 5-20 six per eent bonds, it is believed that 0 the Slight contraction caused by such eon1 version would be soaroely perceptible, more * especially at this time, as it is not probable r that more than fire 'per eent. of the whole - issue is now in aotto circulation. It woold 1 be simply changing one security held as an ; 9 investment for another - Id view of ttua demand tnac wui nnaonoiedly be made for an increase of the. nationk al bank oiroolation, and an a gentle mode of 1 farther redaoitg the volume of legal tender notes, it is suggested that tbe national our3 reocy aot be fo amended as to allow an in' orease of the limit to 9400,000,000, on ' oonditiooB ooly that all tbe banks be rek qnired to redeem their notes iff New -Ytti, 1 Boston or Philadelphia, and also that an fc issue of six per cent. 5-20 bonds be anthor' ized to the amount that, it will require to ' secure the additional oircnlatioo under the 1 provisions of tbe act, -whioh 6onds tbe banks j 'when organized, shall purchase as each may require, of the Secretary of the Treasury, at snob fair rate aa he may, frofia time to - time, prescribe, bat not less than their par % value, and pay for the Same in United States i legal tender notes; and all notes 'so received i shall be oaQcelled and destroyed. It is believed that from a few sources a i revenue oan be raised snffioient.to meet tbe interest pc the pnblie debt, pay the ordinary > expenses of Government, and contribute thirty millions of dollars annually to a siok> iog fond that will pay the national debt in - thirty-two years and a half.' ^ The tariff oan be so adjusted as to pro1 dnce one hundred and twenty millions of ' dollars ; one hundred milliona oan be raised on whiskey, malt liqpors and domestic wines; fifteen millions on tobaooo; one 1 hundred and twenty five millions on oottpu; 1 fifteen millions from stamps: fro>o licenses twenty millions; and from the premium on ? the surplus of gold, after paying interest on bonds, ten millions; making, in the aggre 1 gate, four hundred And five millions of dollars ; a sum prob&bly.one hundred millions in excess of the amount that will be required under an economical administration of the Government, leaving a large margin on the above estimate for reduction. Tbe 6SUUIBICD) UUVTUVQlj VI VUC ICfOUUg uvttvvble frotntheeeveral souroea indicated are not tfa? fesalt of laoss -aa^MtOMv ImU AMikie founded upon a careful inquiry ib refer ence to past productions and revenue under tbe existing law. It is/estimated that the cotton crop the next year will amount to between twp and a half and three millions of bales. A tax of ten oents per pound, en two and a half millions will produce 8125,000,000. It is ' reasonable to. suppose tbat the annual crop of cotton, after ttfo or three years, will eqoal -fn amount tbe average of>the or'op for a few years previous to 1861,' which was about 4,500,000 bales. A tar of eight oents per pound on tbat quantity wonld produce 8180,000,000; a sum more than sufficient to pay tbe interest on the publio debt after' the entire amount Is funded. Tbe JiceDse and stamp duties oould be dispensed with - " ? I ond vf %a fA ho DtMir tuc UOll IIOUBI jeu I auu ? # u vw WW hoped that after that period dq more income, will Be derived from premium on gold. Tliree-fourths of the crops of cotton and tobaooo are oxported; that proportion, therefore, of the tax ou- those articles would be paid by foreign oonntries, and to that extent contribute to the liquidation of the publio debt and relief of our own people. By thus restricting the subject of revenue to a few articles of general production, tbe cost of oolleoting would be generally, reduced by the disoharge of a- whole army of assessors, collectors, &c. . As neither public policy nor constitutional right can at nllrt !???.imvniim. nf national hJinks ^ piC^CUb Oliun vuw VNAIIMVU V ? w , for State and local purposes, it would be equitable that these institutions should pay say one percent., on their capital, (irrespeo tivo of the amount invested in public stocks) . in lieu of all present taxation for revenue purposes, and one half of one per cent, on their circulation as an indemnity to the gov. ernment for the expense inourred io furnishing the banks with circulating cotes, t and meeting the expenditures incidental to the administration of. the Btfreau. A penalty should be imposed upon banks for issuing notes with the engraved^ and . printed signatures of the offioers. The | greatest .protection against counterfeiting is found in the written signatures tof those | through whom the bills are uttered i Mr. Clarke strongly reoommecds the removal of the Bureau to New York oity, by , which a large amount of money would be . saved?nearly $200,000 in express charges _ i , aione. .Unless all possible guardswhiob ingenuity can devise be thrown aronnd the onrrency . it will seon be ^difficult to distinguish the ' spurious from the genuine issue, and banks will be as likely to. redeem the former as I those of their own promulgation. Whatever hostilities the national banking . system may have encountered in its first inf oeption, it is no longer denied that it has r entrenobed itself strongly in the feelings, as it has oommended itself to the oonvenienoe , and interests of the whole people. t -I Sisterly Atfeotion?At a protracted meeting, an Ancient sister arose and relieved ) herself as follows: "I see young ladies here who seena to love gewgaws, furbelows, ribbons and laoeB, more than their Creator. I loved them once, and adorned my hat with > French artificial flowers, bright oolored ribt bons," and sky blue trimmings, but I found f they were dragging me down to hell, and I )' took them off and gave them to my tutor I" . Bacort of the Secretary of the Navy. The report of the Secretary of the Navy, is very volumnioos. After a few introductory remarks- Mr. "Welle proceeds to review the oi roam stances oonnected. with the twoexpeditloOB against the Wilmington fortifioations, ascribing the failure of the first to QedrBotler. So early as 1862, he was desirous of making an effort to seal up the harbor of Wilmington, but was enable to saotfre a-sufficient miBtary oo-operatiou until last year. Then the most formidable armada of the war was fitted out and the command offered to Admiral Farragut.? Impaired health, however, prevented him from entering upon the service, and Admi ral Porter undertook the work. W.hen the first attempt to capture Port Fisher failed, Admiral Porter "earnestly requested that the enterprise should not be abandoned," and it.was in response to bis solicitations' that the second assault was projeoted. After Sherman departed from .Atlanta for the coastj instructions were forwarded to Hear Admiral Dahlgreu, in command off the ooast, to be prepared to co-operate with him. Beforh these instructions reached him, however, the Admiral had opened up communication with Sherman. This faot,viz , the keeping back of Sherman's deatiaation, shows how oareful the Washington authorities were that nothing concerning this campaign of Sherman should be revealed. . . Ever since the fall of Port Fisher the Secretary informs us, ^he work of rednoing the navy has been steadily prosecuted. 16 January last there were four hundred and seventy vessels and two thousand four ban dred and fifty five gnns employed in blockade service. There are now bnt twenty oine vessels remaining on the ooast, carrying two hnndred'and ten gaps, exclusive of howitzers. We have now four foreign squadrons?the European, Brazillian, East Indian and Paoific; the first three having been organized anew upon an economical scale. The Pacific waa not abandoned during the war. In 1860}i.tbere. were five sqnadronS numbering thirty one vessels, carrying four hundred and forty five gnns. Tbere are now on the- several stations abroad thirty-six vessels mounting three hundred and forty seven gnns, and carryibg fifty-six howitzers. The Seoretary speakrf very highly of the iro/vclads, which have been laid np at League Island; where, re-! moved from the coast, and with fresh water, they have-the advantage' of both security and preservation. Statistics daring the war show that iron-dads were healthier than wooden vessels. From seven thoasand six hundred men io- uiwiw at the commencement of the war, the number was increased to fifty-On'e tbousana nve nuuareu at its close. * . Since the 4tb of March, 1861, four hundred and eighteen vessels have been purchased, of which three hundred end thir -teen were steamers, at a cost of $18,366,681 83,' and of these there have been sold three hundred and forty vessels^ for which the Government has reoeived $5,621,800 During the war one thousand one bun dred and forty nine vessels were oaptured. The gross proceeds of property captured.! since the blockade was instituted, and con- j detuned, att prize prior to the first of Nj>v., amounts to $21,829,543 96; oost and expenses $1,616,223 96; netprooeeds for distribution, $20,501,927 69. There are a number ot important oases still before the courts, whioh will largely increase these amounts. The value of the one thousand one hundred and forty-nine oaptured vessels will not be less than $24,500,000," and t>f three hundred and-fifty five vessels destroyed at least $7,000,000, making a total valuation of not less than $81,500,000, rnuoh of which was British property. On the first of November therq were 2,027 persons on the pensioq rolls, receiving a total amount of $248,329- 50, being an increase during the year of 418 persons.? Daring the. progress of the war, 1,406 persons were killed, 1,638 wounded, and 176 missing, making the total namber of oasuallies in the naval servioe 3,220. The total expenses of the Department from Maroh, 1861, to the 30th June, 1865, were $314,* 170,960 68, being an average annual expenditure of $72,500,900 93. Mr. Welles makes numerous suggestions in bis report, among others that the navy yards be enlarged, that a Sailor's Home be built, andthe naval Academy removed from Annapolis to Borne point where the midshipmen oan have out of door drill the year round. General Grant's Report.?The New York Times thus comments on thi? document : ? "There is nothing in military literature or history comparable with the report of Lieutenant-General U. S. Grant, wbioh was published oomplete in the Times of yesterday. It is more compact than Ccesar, more luoid than Jomini, more pungent than Napier. * * * * ? "In nearly all oases Grant gives confirmation to what was the popular judgment of the hour. Sherman, Sheridan, Sohoiield and Thomas were the admired of the people -e n?? vr;*!, I as iney are iue pntum w ur?u?. M 1<IU others, as Backs and Gillmore, he is significantly silent. Rosenorans he speaks of rather harshly j Baldy Smith he treats severely, and with Batler he deals at onoe scornfully, and, in a Western sense, viciously. To Hooter he gives oredit for various merits, while namerons offioers of less eminence than these, are dismissed with significant or insignificant praise or blame. In some of these and other instances; it most be allowed, the judgement of the country? less oapable and lesr well informed, of course, than that of General Grant, has heretofore diffused from that officially put forth in this report Gillmore was always a renowned name with the people j Baldy Smith' bad a reputation whioh was not diminished by his removal from active service; Rosenorans stood for two years among, the foremost names in the army of the U . . ") =3 oion; while, on the other hand, we think that so far as public opiolop waspQUcerned, General Hunter only got credit for a minimum amount of soldierly capacity. Excepl with 'the political and personal partisans of General Butler, we imagine that Grant'! oritioisms upon his military career will be considered severely jhst. Butler is*charged with direct violation of orders in one case, with impertinent assumption in another, and again and again with the^rossest incapacity in the management of his army, followed by the most damaging results; and he states that finally his request for bis removal was peremptory. In ;a!l the judgumnis and estimates of action and oharacunlmpaesloned ?ud Bolf-possesBod ~} ?nd L occasionally he uses vigorous Wage, h, generally leaves the impression that it h juouueu ujr uw?. The Wtfteto Her Huabanit [The following beautiful effusion is from the pen of member of the "Society o; Friends." It has won sevetal hnsbandi from the bar-rooms to theirdomestio hearth May it win many, more] Too took tne, William, when a girt, unto your home aa< hurt, To bear In all your after Ate, a fbnd and faithful part; And tell me, bave I ever tried that duty to forego, Or pined there waanotjoy fbr me, whan you were rank ii woef - r Wo; I would rathe* share your tear than any other's gleo. For though you're nothing to the world, you're all the wori< to me; You make a palace of my died, thia rough-hewn bench i thonie; -* ' < %.* : ."v There'* aunJlght for me In your ?miles, and music In you tone. 1 look upon you when you aleep?my eye* with tear* grov dim, I cry, O parent of the poor, took down from Heaven on him Behold him (o!l from day to da f, exhausting strength an< .soul, :f 0, look with mercy on him. Lord; for Thou canst maki him whole. And when at last reviving sleep has on my eyelids smiled How oft are tbey forbid to close in *1 umber by our chad! I take the little munnurer, that spoils my spaa of rest, /nd feel U as a. part of ttaeeX lull upon mypreut. There U only one return J crave, I may not need it Ions, And it majryoothe thee when I'm where the wretched fee no wroof; I ask thee no leas frugal fare, if auch I hare act. <? Suffice to make me (air to thee, fbrmoft T murmur not i Bat I-would ask some share of hours which you on dnbi bestow; Of knowledge which you prize so much, /night I not some thing know ? Subtract from meetings amongst men eftch eve ah hour foi mci. . - , Make me companion of your soul, aa I may safely ba. If you win read) 111 alt and work, and think when yoa'n away, Lata tedious I shall pan the time,'dear William, of you amy;--** ' A meet companion, soon 111 be, e'en of your studious hours And teaches of those little ones yon call our cottage flow ers. , The Northern Press on the Organisation of the present U. 8. Congress. TheJSew,York Newt* ot Taa*iay,aaj? . Yesterday witnessed the ioangaratioa o: what we fear will be the saddest, the mow disgraoefal period in-the history of oar ga tiooal legislation. The story of the strong brother plotting to 'steal a way the wesb brother's share of the common heritage hat long been the theme of romances; it has no# become a political reality. The opening . proceedings of Congress intimate toe clearly that it ia the purpose of the Radical to withhold frqp> the Sooth the right ol Congressional representation. If that parpose should be carried into effect, as it surely will, unless the ETxecntive shall interpose, the country will be ruled by a faction whose simple volition will beootne the law of . the land ; and the very highest and moat essential prinoiple of Republicanism will have been ignored at the centre of Federal authority. The Heraldthuscom ments: The opening proceedings of the two Houses of this Congress* foreshadow the practical reduction of thcrexcluded Southern States to the $tahu of Territories conqnered from a foreign enemy,-and still in a .state of revolt. Coercion I There is nothing here bat coercion. The Radical leaders of this Congress seem to be enraged at thA nnnailiatorv exoerimeots of restoration adopted by President Johnson, and which, in preparing the minds of the Southern people for the great ohange which has oome [upon them, have, been attended with snoh wonderful success. His-patient and patriotic labors in view of the earliest possible ! restoration of thd*8outh to law and order, industry, prosperity 3ncl politioal harmony with the North, excite, apparently, no consideration. among the majority in either House of Congress. The Tribune simply remarks: - Both Houses of Congress were properly 'Constituted yesterday for the transaction of business, the Senate convening under the officers hitherto ehosea, and the House reelecting the Hon- Schuyler Colfax Speaker by a decisive vote of 139 for him to 35 for James Brooks of this city. . The World says:A Congressional majority have decided that the avowed were not the real objects of the war; that the States^which went out from us Stater, peopled bj free and equal citizens of a lawful Union, oome bsok to us an American Poland, an American Ireland, to be ruled by the . capricious will of accidental majorities, to be held by the strong arm, to be coeroed and moulded, both socially and politically, into such a form and pressure as the theories of Republican politicians and the passions of c Radical multitude shall suggest. We do not say that this decision threatens us with a renewal of the terrible soenes of bloodshed and destruction whioh have so long wearied and sbooked the civilization of Christendom.? The power of the Southern States for war is bipken. They are prostrate at our feet, to be dealt with as their conquerors shall decide. . .. The New York Expreu of Monday evening, in speaking of Senator Wilson's bill} says: ' 'As President Johnson has no more Constitutional power than Senator Wilson to enforoe such an act of Congress, he probably will not attempt it. Bat since the time when Charles the Fifth and Phillip the Second undertook to walk over the States of the Netherlands, nobody has since at templated iri this act. ' The Pbtt, ,in refembg/to the probeble i action of Congress, remarks: F . dn the present Congress is kspssej! the i no less delicate, arid qmtedifficult task of , I hull mmtlw Krrtton UnM ha aiail m* TVio I UVVUyiMWJ V??H WM* -.-V defect introdaced into the primitive structure, by the toleration of slavery, widened with time, until it became a threatening tod almost fatal rent. Slavery was a wholly incongruous -element of our eastern; like the grain of sand in Coleridge's pretty simile, between the flesh and shell of theafljiil, ; it was a source of peipetat! irritation $ it r kept us constantly in a state of UDemlngPi r amounting to <tiaOM? prejadio?t-nikJ||d j sectional passions wap bred of it; and i long before the aotnaf vsptarinjfeof w*rthw North and the Sooth had become like two , hostile ^amps, watching each other, .hating each other, and ready.at a word to unloose , the dread implements of battle. * 1 . It t&viuB tht yfortitor in r?"with the "tuaviter tn modo,n add says: There is no need of this counsel, because ' were nearly all glad to welcome a few months a'gc. We are not a little inpatient 1 with the recent signs of reoalcitratiou. _?.? > Confederate Colonel Ifoaby. A late writer on Southern Officers says: i No two men ever resembled each other . more than.Mosby and Marion' as regards r fighting tactics, abd no service strictly voluntary than that of the soldiers under their r command. Whenever either was pursued by a superior force, or circumstances made i their numbers too public for the enemy, j and they Were not Insufficient force >o contend, it was usual to disband them for a > while?all except a few "Jaspers," aad sometimes these even scattered and vamosed, either to their families?or if that i was unhealthy?concealed themselves at different points, as best they could, each for himself. The battalion which struck terror so often into the hearts of the iPeder. erals, even fa their fortified places, seemed r suddenly to vanish when figbt was not 00 one feature is Moaby's tactics was pracr tised more than dispersion ; and the force ' in pandit was never in more danger than when the party panned appeared disordered and broken. Soch wonderful influence -hadJflosby o. ver his men that, at the appointed time end j "place, he knew they ;woald paeet him mofe t formidable than ever; and, if any ohnoee to diaobeyhis 6rders, ezpaIsoQ from hi#-cam, msnd was the severest and most dreadful ' punishment. | The most perfect system of espoinage on the movements of the enemy was ooostaotly in operation by Mcdby, and the ma t whose business it was to "surprise" rarely , . ever himself happened to that misfortune. ? On one occasion, however, he came very | near losing bis life by suffering hie love for J coffee to predominate over his babitualprudence and oantiob. Stopping shortly after ' , dusk, one winter evening, at thrf house of r a friend, to paruke of that beverage, the 13th New York cavalry snddeniy made its appearance, and quickly and silently surrounded the boose which they knew contained two rebel oqyalrymeo. Mosby bad with him a private, and their t horses were left hitohed in front of Jtljc boose, and Mosby's pistois were in the hoi, Sters on bis saddle. He w partaking of his last cnp; the conversation ran merrily t around, and enjoyment dras on every fea- ? I tore at that hospitable board. Bang I baog.1 -I bang I m rjuicK succession was neara, ana pistol balls whizzed through the window^aalong ladies and gentlebaen ; but however, taking effect only in Mosby. At the first fire he clappedhis hand to bis side, and fell from bii chair to the floor. His pwwenoe of mind did not forsake him; bat, . quickly divesting himself of his coat, upon the collar of which was his rank?two sues. indicating Lieutenant-Colonel?he handed it to a female friend, and, stretching himself oat, prepared to die, "in a horn/' By this rime the Yan-?excuse me?the Federals, the Union soldiers, rnshed yelling into the room, securing the private as prisoner. An officer walked op to where Mosby lay, and kicking -him, inquired, "Who are . yon ?" Mosby, in a feeble voice, responded. "Lieutenant Johnson, of ibe Sixth Virginia; let me die jo peace/* The officer stooped down and probed the wound with hil finger, remarking, "he is shot through and through." A soldier then jerked off his boeta aid took his pocket book, cloak, etc. Mosby at this took a high tragedy death, which would have given oredit to any actor. The Thirteenth New York, after making some inquiries about the wherAbouts of . Mosby, took op their line of march, taking . with them the private, bnt leaving thwttfo bones still hitched ; reason?all drank. Mosby now "rose from the dead;" Mid ?they bad served him right-for being cq careless." fie was oarried to a safer plaoeHis woaod was dangerous and painful?the enemy numerous in the neighborhood: fie was followed so close one day in his ambulance, his men asked where they must secrete him. "Bury me," was the curt reply Careful nursing, and bnoyant spirits that knew no sinking under the most advene circumstances, soon Dlaced him on the war path again. H*oem forgot the linwJie took a oop of ooflfee one evening in Decern, ber, at the home of his big, fat friend. m- "Who lives in that home, Patrick J" "Mr. Ferguson, that's dead." "How long baa he been dead f" "If he Ihred to next Christmas he'd been deaCa twelvemonth." _ "What did ho die of V "He died of a Thursday J 1 -