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VPenonal Communications, when admUsible; communications of limited or individual interest, or recommendations of Candidates for offices of honor, prof-It or trust, will be ohargedfor at from 3 to 10 cents per line. f it The Spirit of the Ladies of Baltimore. t A Baltimorean, who caoie South, via 8 the underground railroad, sajs the Charleston Mercury, and in whose statement we ^ have fall confidence, sends us the follow- ^ ing sketch of an amusing scene wbioh ao- j tually took place at Fort MoHenry a short f time ago. j x The ladies of Baltimore, notwithstanding Lincoln's proclamation, appear daily on the t streets in secession colors, to wit: "red, t white and red." Bonnets are so constant- , ly trimmed with a red, a white and again ? a red rose, that eveo the manufacturers 8 have been prohibited from making these rebellious flowers, in order "to support the Government." Yet the ladies, who are equal to every emergency, were not to be fc outdone in this matter. The insulting c Yankee soldiers, on several occasions, 8 spoke to the traitorous demoiselles, and ? even went so far as to tear the trimmings c from their bonnets. f One day a party.of four ladies, determio- B ing to wear the Southron colors, arrayed a themselves, aud drove to Fort McEenry to r HI. nn tha onkiuit NTnw. it is 11 DUU \JTCU- i/iA UU WWW wwvywwv v a fact, that Geo. Dix is really in awe of o the Baltimore ladies. The sight of one at 8 the fort generally brings on a nervous chill, 1 which disables him for several days. Im- t agioe, then, the effect of four, in rebellious a array, before him A clerical gentleroaD i was talking with the General at the time, ( and the ladies were seated until the col- c loquy was over. The clergyman was from j the South, had been North for his health, a and was tiying to ugre Gen Dix to let him v pass the Federal lines to reaoh his home. u "Sir," said the General, "I oannot ac- t comodate you. I have not the power to a grant passports." o "I have heard of an underground rail- a way," said the clergyman. "Possibly you j could give me some knowledge of its opera- t tions," etc. c "?, too, have heard of the same, sir," a said the commander, "but with all my vig- v ^ ilanoe and detectives, I have been unable y to discover the depot, or the conductor.? q , Apply to any of the rebel ladies of Balti- a ?" more; they will send you, or your letters; J they 6eem more than equal to the exigen" cies of the times." " e One of the ladies now stepped forward, c and asked the clergyman for his name.? a Finding him a gentleman, and anxious to <j return home, she said, handing him her ? card: "Call on me to-morrow, at twelve o'clock. lean send you South. I am re- c cruiting for the Confederate service, and c have armed and equipped one hundred c and eighty stout men, who will go South j in a day or two; they will, no doubt, be f glad of your company. I have, also, 8 daily e mail South, bo if you wish to send a letter, e apprising ycnr friends of your intention of v joining them in the Confederacy, I can, as c General Dix says, send it for y;>u." s The clergyman, amused at the young t lady's independence, took a seat to hear a her encounter with Gen. Dix. Turning to him, she said : "We are four rebel ladies t of Baltimore, Gen. Dix; wm have come I to the fort to ask your permission to wear t the bonnets we have on. You will see, e General, they are very stylish and becoming, a especially to the handsome brunettes before e you. I am too Celtic for red, but my t country's colors at this time enthuse me; s so I wear them, although Madame Etoffe, my modiste, tells me my hat is in bad g taste. Now, you will allow, General, that t I am imbued with the purest patriotism, t when I tell you I have sacrificed the he- \ coming for my country ?" i The General, utterly confounded, made g no reply, when the lady continued: "Do g not keep us in suspense, Gen. Dix. Let s ua know your decision at once. You know g we cannot trust the miserable poltroons that t now infest our beautiful city. I hear, sir, 1 in case Geo. Beaureguard attempts to t relieve us, you have made arrangements to c to shell Baltimore Do you know why this c fort was built ? For our protection, not c destruction. How you have hated us, how c * jealous the Yankees have always been of i us! even the Yankee ladies could never t speak of the ladies' of this city otherwise thau invidiously. You know the Baltimore I ladies are noted for a rare refinement and j beauty, foreign to the daughters of your i soil; hence their envy. You would like to i destroy this 'Dew Sodom,' and fear is all j that prevents you, for you think the Con < federates would retaliate upon your 'big, i Babylon,' and other cities. If I had my 1 way, I would send every Southerner away, and set fire to the city, rather than have 1 it, as it is, under Yankee rule. Since the 1 19th of April, that memorable day, when * your Massachusetts troops were so enthusi- 1 astioally driven back by our unprepared 1 citizens,-the Northern press has styled this i city the 'headquarters of mobocracy.' We 1 like the name; indeed, any remembrauce of the day that prove/1 to the South we 1 were theirs, though taken by surprise, and 1 without arms, we were ready to shed our blood for their cause. Yes, any allusion 1 to that day fills my heart with generous en- 1 thusiasm. Then we were free, now we are but galley slaves of the Abolition adminis- 1 ration. If we, the 'febel ladies,' as you ei ire pleased to style as, coald have been e: irmed, I believe the city at this time would w >e rid of the hostile troops that now sur w ound it. But 1 have disgressed, General w Dix. Why do you not speak to me about ol he bonnets ?" Before the General could of mswer, two sable maids came forward, one w with some samples of red and white ribbon, sc Bier mistress had sent to ask Gen. Dix if gi ler little infant might be dressed with le inch trimmings; the other came on a simi- fr ar errand relative to some red and white m locks which little Master Harry wished to al irear. The Geueral, overwhelmed by these P veigbty matters, sank back in his chair in itter hopelessness. The young lady aroused lim by inquiring: ' Do you not feel debased wheo you re- 0' lect upon the miserable cause you have es>oused ? No wonder you dislike to see V( adies here. They are apt to tell you of e: he shameful character of a government sc ;kat causes infants to be arrested and taken 'a ;o that diabolical stand?the office of the c< Provost Marshal?be?mse they happen to a rave a red ribbon around their waists ?" The young lady's criminative attack prov- ai (d too much for the veteran officer. He i&s carried to his private arpartment, put u 0 bed, and kept his room for a fortnight ifterwards. e The young lady would now be in cus- 01 ody with Mrs. Greenhow and other lady )risoners, but that 'her father happens to e( >e an Englishman. Since the Trent ef- 11 air, the Yankees are very circumspect in ^ n their treatment of British subjects. ^ The clergyman called to see the lady s( iezt day at the appointed hour. She ao- o: uallysent him South with the recruits to rbich she bad referred, and, thanks to b ler daily mail, the Maryland soldiers con- 01 tantly hear from their friends. Ul ... m A Naval Armament. b; Every day it becomes plainer that, to w ireak the back-bone of the invasion, we p! nust resist the enemy effectually along our ol ea coast and water-courses. It is not dif- at ioult to trace nearly the whole of our re- tl sent disasters and present troubles to the ailure to provide adequate means for such ic 1 resistance. What might have served as ai i prevention, must now be looked to for a to emedy. A fleet of gunboats may do more be o save the Mississippi Yalley than ao army cc >t titty thousand men. a single iron-ciaa teamsbip, possessing the properties of the tt Virginia, could break up the blockade of his port. Unfortunately, the creation of tl n effective naval armament, which should is lave been one of the first measures of the hi Confederate war policy, has been forced up- is ?n the country, by costly and disastrous ex- oj >erience, as one of the last Mr. Conrad p< nd Mr. Mallory have been disputing w rhetber Congress did or did not, some to uontbs ago, appropriate to naval purposes he sum of three millions of dollars It is so melancholy spectacle. In the evident m pinion of both the Secretary of the Navy ei nd the Congressman, it was a munificent ap? ar rropristion. Yet it was a miserable pit- Si ance compared to the magnitude of our w leeds with respect to a navy, so imperfeotly ppreciated then, scarcely understood yet, w re fear, even in the Navy Department; tt et so obvious at present to all who are ac- ui [uainted with the situation of our seacoast al nd water courses, and especially with the ui Mississippi river. te Twenty millions would have been a hi noderate sum to have begun with for a fi< laval armament. Tins might have secured ti it least a half dozcu Virginians, and crowled the Mississippi river with guuboats and in loatiog batteries. C The exploits of the Virginia have de uj Donstrated that war ships upon the old se uodel are henceforth to be superceded as v< iseless lumber. Mr. Stephenson, the pro S ector of the ram ManassaB, did not go too bi ar when he predicted that in ten years " very maritime power on earth will rely or ntirely on iron-clad rams for vessels of n< car. Our gunboats should assimilate as y< learly as possible to that oharaoter. They ru hould be built aod equipped with a view o coming to olose quarters, and crushing ar nd hoarding the enemy's boats. m nr:.u . : j ?? uu icopuuw tv nuu'umu laius auu ^uu- j.?< loats, we started even with the eqemy.? ci backward as o"r naval "preparations may tb lave been, we have got the start of the m tnemy somewhat in point of irou-clad rams, ind by following up with energy our pres- m mt advantage in that particular, we would g( >e able to annul his naval superiority, and le hiver his wooden blockade into fragments, th There is no reason why we should not w ;et the start of the enemy in the construe- of ion of improved gun-boats. Indeed, it is la lot impossible that we are dow in a fair re way towards accomplishing this object. A as veek or two may tell a tale from the Mislissippi river that w 11 at once dismay the D suemy and fill our people with agreeable lurprise. But, laying aside fiatteriog exlectation, it is not too much to say that of he Mississippi Valley is safe if adequate- la y defended in the Mississippi river. We M nust command that, or have no assurance of >f safety. We must have an effective fleet M >f gun-boats upon it, or have no assurance w >f commading it. It is the path of danger fr >r the path of safety, accordingly as we use tl t or neglect it. It will serve us or serve he enemy. C We have no reason to fear an invasiou j (i >y an army of the enemy, unassisted by j ol ;uo-boats and river transportation He ei t>/\# alnwo nnnn < f ?U/v ntn n Mn /> nn/tn f I nvurn uui uaic, c?cu 11 iuc rt wcic upcu, . ui :o move an army southward from Tennea-j tl iee, aod leave the Missisippi river above in u jur possession. To make good his inva- w don, he must take possession of the river c: is he advances. m While preparing to defeat the enemy S apon our water-courses, we should not lor- u *et how rnuoh may be done with vessels tc svhioh oughtnow to be in course of oonstruo- c< don, towards breaking up the blockade of S this city. We caanot too sternly reject the p ioporific idea that there is patriotic virtue tl iu passive submission to the blockade. It I would be little worse to say that patriotism tl dictates a passive submission to Federal a despotism. Let us consider the enemy as tl nowhere irresistible. To think him so is a to make him so. There has been too much w of this sort of lanuguishiog philosophy.? t, Unless cast aside, it will sap our moral d strength. Let us cease talking about the o jeray's vastly superior numbers and inchuustible resources. If the result of the sq ar depends upon a question of numeration, ec eare already conquered. We might as 0 ell disband our armies, and think no more ei ' war-ships and gun-boats. But the Greeks 4t ' old reasoned upon different principles cc ben invaded by Xerxes. He had re- hj mrces inexhaustible; he had squadrons ar igantic; he had an army that was oount- b< 93. Yet these could not save his ship9 in om destruction at Salamis, or his pomp of er lilitary power from vanishing in the wind ar ong with the 9houts of liberated Greece at ts latea.?N. 0. Delta. oc What is Martial Law ? w tl. itt u:_ a 1 i? XUO lucuipiiio <nLj/jjcuii uao buo luuumug pj i martial law : A considerable diversity of opinion pre- pi lils in regard to martial law, its character, 8i ttent and instrumentalities. Many per- rt >ns suppose that military law i9 martial Qj ,w. This is an error. The former is a ide of laws prescribed for the govern- w lent of the army. It relates exclusively pj > persons attached to the military service, ai nd does not, in its operations, embrace p| lose engaged in ordinary civil employ- pj lents. ui Martial law on the contrary, embraces b< very description of persons within the ei ity or district over which it has been es- bi iblished. It is not defined and ascertain- te d by enactments and judioial decisions, as tc i the case of military law, but springs tb 'otn the will and judgment of the com- to landant whose duty it is to enforce it. It d< ipercedes the ordioary instrumentalities sc F courts, such as judges, juries and sher- S| Fs. It may even suspend, for the time 01 eing, the great writ of habeas corpus. In ai ;her words, martial law may be said to be tu 0 Jaw at all, but rather the wtll of the pj lilitary commandant, regulated, it is true, 7 an enlightened regard for the general elfare. Its true intent and aim is to di lace all power, as well as ail the resources ]a the district, in the hands of the military bi ithorities, to be used and wielded against th le public enemy. et It will thus be seen that the object had pc 1 view is the public weal, and that if we m e restrained of any portion of our accu9 pj imed rights, it is done for oar own pood, ac i well as for the general safety. This >nsideration alone should reoonoile as to H jy inconveniences that may result from th le establishment of martial law. ec It is proper to remark, however, that in m le execution of martial law, great prudence of to be exercised. Chief Justice Taney vi bids "that no more foroe can be used than necessary, and if the power be used for jpression, or any wilful injury be done to E ;rson or property, the party by whom or hose order.it is done, will be responsible sa the injured person." le A review of the legal authorities would tb em to conduct to the conclusion, that a fe ilitary officer cannot declare martial law to mept over his own camp and its environs, th )d the near field of his military operations. F uoh was the opinion of Judge Woodbury, ui ho said: th "My impression is, that a state of war, tr hether foreign or domestic, may exist, in b< ic great peril of which it is competent, vi nder its rights and on principles of nation- so law, for the commanding officer of troops, m ader the controlling government, to ex tr nd certain rights of war, not only over hi is camp, but its environs and the near th ;ld of his military operations, but no furler or.wider." of The best opinion would seem to be that to i time of war the government, by act of m oogress, may place the country under C artial law in a limited and mitigated of mse; though there has been much contro- a irsy upon the limitation of the power? th o, also, in the language of Judge Wood- b< ary, the commanding officer of troops may p< nrhnn.l nnrtain riirKfa nf scar nnf nnlv la vv.?? "bMi,w v* ? ?I rer his camp, but its environs and the ly sar field of his military operations." Be- ? )nd this, neither the government nor the at ilitary commander can p.operlygo. N Nothing bat imminent peril to the army, lii ising from the near presence of tnc ene- is y, can authorize the commander to sus- T ind or arrest the execution of ordinary to vil process. In this, as in other respects, v( le safety of the army will be the ruling n< otive of the military commander. al There are but two instances in which L artial law was resorted to under the old th jvernment. The first was in No.? Or- in ans, in 1814, when GenCral Jackson took ie authority, against the opinion of Ed- th ard Livingston, one of the ablest jurists N 'his day, to place that city under martial h< w. The second was in 1842, and occur- bi id in Rhode Island during what is known ar i the Dorr Rebellion. tv taring Exploits of Capt.John H. Mor- m gan and his Men- tu We have already given a brief account in ' some of the recent exploits of the gal- fo nt and intrepid cavalier, Capt John H. di [organ, and his brave men, in the vicinity tb ? Nashville. His squadron belongs to le [ajor-General Hardee's command, and he fe as left in command of the post at Mur- cc eesboro', and to watch the movements of ie enemy. pi On the 7th instant, in the afternoon, tb apt Morgan, Lieut. Col Robert Wood, G vho accompanied him as an amateur,) five iti f Capt. M's men and ten Rangers, went w ghteen miles toward Nashville, avoiding le pike, encamped that night, and early le next morning entered the Federal lines q qder the direction of good guides. Tbey r^ ere forced to pass within half a mile of a p imp of Federal cavalry, and captured five th ien of the 13th Ohio Regiment (Colonel ga mith) with their Enfield rifles. Contining their march towards Nashville, they ai iok position near the Lunatic Asylum, q juimanding a full view of the turnpike. w oon a train of wagons, with a guard, ap- ai eared in sight; whereupon Col. Wood, a, ie Captain and four of his men, clad in C( Inited States over-coats, rode up, stopped he train, captured twenty-three prisoners, ud cutting loose the horses and mules from he wagons, mounted the prisoners on them C nd sent them back to our men in the li roods This operation was repeated until g lie prisouers numbered ninety-eight, inclu- tl ing an aid of Gen. Dumont and several ai ther officers. w The prisoners were divided into three [uads under separate guards, and all startI to return to Murfreesboro'. Lieutenant wens and ten men, had sixty prisoners in targe, were attacked and pursued by the ;h Regiment Ohio Cavalry. The pursuit mtinued fifteen miles, and, the prisoners iving been abandoned, the Lieutenant td six of his men eluded their pursuers i leaping their horses from a steep bank to .'he river and swimming across. The terny declined to emulate their daring exnple. The other four men, to avoid capire, turned into the woods, and, at lastacmots, had not been heard from Theeony fired several shots at the party, but ithout effect. Two officers among the risoners resisted and were shot. Col. Wood and fourteen men, with ten risoners, went across the country, and pasng within a mile of the Federal cavalry, iached the vicinity of Murfreesboro' that 'ght. (Japt. Morgan was returning alone, toards Murfreesboro', and enconntering a icket of sis men, captured them and thier m* This is said to have been acoomlished in this manner. Be discovered the icket in a house, and, having on a Federal niform, or, perhaps, overcoat, assumed a jld front and the confident air of a Fed al officer, rode up to the picket and reaking the officer in command, for not atnding properly to his duty, ordered him i give up nis arms, which he did. He ten directed him, under penalty of death, > call out the men one by one and surrenir their arms, which was done?and all irrendered. One of Morgan's men named palding, joined him with four other prisiers, and they came up with Col- Wood id his party, nest morning, and all re irned to Murfreesboro' with thirty-eight -isoners, who were sent out to Salisbury, . C-, for confinement. The fruits, finally reaped from the espetion, were thirty-eight prisoners and a rge number of horses, mules, pistols, sa es, harness, saddles, &o., together with e knowledge that the whole foroe of the terny was about 65,000, that they had >sted a regiment of cavalry about eight iles from Nashville, on the Murfreesboro' ke, aud gave no indications of a further Ivance. The above facts are gleaned from the untsville Democrat, whioh paper learns at Gen. Hardee has urgently recommendl him for promotion to a Colonelcy. He erits and should receive it. He is a son Mr. Calvin Morgan, formerly of Huntslie, late of Lexington, Kentucky. Savannah News. valuation of Confederate Positions. President Davis, in his inaugural mes ?* v -? -1 _fj? t_ _ _A ge, lodioatea coat mere wouia De, ai ast, a partial ohaoge in the war polio; of e oouotr; ; he stated that our lines of denee were too extended, and would, therere, be contracted. Hence, we hear of I ie evacuation of Winchester, Brunswick, ernandina, St. Marjs, Apalaohicola, Colmbus, and, perhaps, other plaoes. By lis policy we will be enabled to oonoenate larger forcer at given points, and thus i better prepared to meet and defeat the mdal hordes who are now desecrating our iil by their wioked invasion. If the eney choose9 to occupy the points that our oops evacuate, it will only be to weaken is forces, and make the task of defeatiug tern, in detail, less difficult to perform. We need have no fears that the presence ' the Yankees in our Southern oities and iwns will seduce the residents, who re-! ain in them, from their loyalty to the onfederacy; on the oontrary, the oonduct ' our foes is such, wherever they obtain foothold, as to intensify the dislike to iem, and strengthen our people in their ;lief in the justice of our oause. Look at )or, oppressed and down trodden Marynd?the iron heel of the invader has onmade her love of liberty grow strouger -and caused her sons to rally around the andard of the beleagued South. Look at ashville?the presence of Lincoln's hirengs does not quench the fire of patriotm that burns in every patriot's heart.? he best citizens are seized and hurried off i Northern prisons; the Church of the de)ted Catholics is desecrated?but all to ) purpose. Threats and promises are ike in vain; the people are for the South, ook at Hatteras. With all their efforts iey have been unable to seduce any of the telligent portion of the State We need have no fears, therefore, in ii3 respeofc. The shelling of the townn of ewbern, without timely notice to the jlpless women and children to leave ; the lrning of private residences in Virginia id South Carolina; the oruel inflicting of renty-eight lashes by the Federal soldiers pon the person of James Beloher?forerly a member of the Kentucky Legisla ire?because he went into their camp to iquire after his runa#ay negro; the perrmance of these and other deeds of vanilisrn will not have the effect of causing ie people of the South to change their algiance from the Government of the Conderate States to that of the despotio Liniln. Then let the Lincolnites occupy such aoes as we evacuate.. They will have leir hands full to hold them ; while our overnment will be enabled to concentrate i troops at more important points, and, e hope, defeat the enemy in detail. There is nothing, then, discouraging in ie peaceful evacuation of points in the C 3 L_ ,Un ^nntni. OQieuerauy uy uur tiuups , uu ?uc uuuw?r, it is evidently a wise polioy, and the resident has exhibited good judgment in le adoption of it. All that is now neces,ry for our people to do is to strengthen ie hands of the Government, by rallying ound the standard of our commanding enerals, by contributing liberally to the ants of the Government and the army, id by a firm faith in Divine Providence, id a determination never to give up the intest but in victory to our arms. Augusta Constitutionalist. Hints to Farmers and Millers.? areful observation for many years estabshed the fact that a horse fed on ground rain will last and work a quarter longer lan he will if fed on unground corn, oats, nd other whole grain. The first named ill be as young and as serviceable when sixteen years old as the latter will be at twelve. Not only the grinding teeth of a horse wear oat prematurely by this excess ] of jaw work in grinding hard corn, bat the i mill often barely oraoks the kernels, and only the moiety of the nourishment in the 1 grain is extraoted in its passage through i the alimentary canal. While the musou- i lar labor of grinding so muoh grain in the I j lifetime of a horse is considerable, the loss i in food consumed is far greater than the I market value of the animal, by its not be- i ing fully digested. The loss of feeding unground oorn to oxen, cows and bogs is generally more than in feeding horses. BABE CROPS. ' An experienced and practical writer to the Charleston Courier, after warmly recommending the abundant culture of the cereals and roots, urges the planting, both for use and sale, of flax, hemp, mustard v ? Tfc 1 L.t t sac cayenne pepper, xveau wuai ue Hays ; Flax, (Linum Usitatissimum,.') This species succeeds well wherover it is planted ?bat is, I think, better adapted to the upper country than the seaboard. It is cultivated for its bark, or covering of its sulk, and its seed. The most proper soil is a deep free loam, not too muoh charged with moisture, or too dry?the ground must be well pulverized and the seeds sown broadcast, early in the season, the beginning of February is not too early, or the 10th of April too late. I have seen an excellent crop of Flax produoed from seeds | sown in October. The waxen threads of our shoemakers are all made of our Flax? our best sewing thread is produced from it. Our linen shirts and sheeting are all the products of this plant. Our linseed oil i3 pressed from the seeds. You caonot paint your houses without this oil. The plants are palled up by hand when nearly matured. The mode of preparing the Flax?the Flax brake and the Flax heokle?will be described at a future time. You can easily have all the machinery made on your own plantations, at the cost of a few dollars. Hemp, (Cannabis Satirea.) The best ' soil for tbeproduotion of Hemp is of a deep blaok vegetable texture. Sow broadoast and cover lightly. The mode of preparing the Hemp is generally understood amongthe planters. The process is neither difficult or expensive. The early part of April is the time for sowing the seed. Your bale /t/v*/] una oklnrvSnrv la f kn IUpC auu l/ug wiuagc iui ouippiug 10 vuw production of this plant. Mustard, ( Sinapis Nigra and Sualba.) There is no necessity that our ships should expose themselves to the dagger of capture in order to supply us with Mustard. Tbj plant grows as well with us as in an^ part of the world. Sow in a rich soil; onefourth of a peck of seed, either the rornmoo or the white, per aore. The mowing ought to have been done in March, bnt it is not too late in the first week of April.? Make your own Mustard, and above all be prepared to furnish our army with this neoessary condiment and provide supplies for our market A small bottle of Mustard, the ingredients of which cost a few oents, and was never higher than twenty-five cents, is now sold by our grocers at one dollar per bottle. Cayenne Pepper, (Capsicum.) The Pepper of commerce, (piper nigrum) belongs to the Tropics, and none of its fortythree speoies, including the Betel plant, so generally chewed by the Southern Asiatics, can be successfully cultivated in our country, but we have eighteen species of capsicum now cultivated sparingly in our gardens, all of which produce Pepper superior to our Black Pepper, and decidedly more wholesome. The small Bird Pepper (C. baccatura) is used in preparing the article commonly known as Cayenne Pepper, in the liquid state. It is pouoded and mixed with salt. I have used it for thirty years, prepared in my own family, both in a liquid and dried state It is considered in the army as essential to the health of the soldier. Mr. Jones, of our city, a scientific gardener and public benefactor, in preparing compressed meat for the army, uses the dried Bird Pepper. "The low shrubs with an oval red berry, more 'sharp and biting than any of the others," (capsicum frestesceus and C. minimum,) "furnish the Cayenne Pepper of the shops." The ripe [ pods are dried in the sun and then in an oven after bread is baked; in an earthen or stone pot, with flour between the strata of pods. When quite dry they are cleaned from the flour, and beaten or ground to fine powder. To every ounce of this a pound of wheat flour is added, and it is made into small cakes with leaven ; these are baked, cut into small pieces, baked a gain that they may be as dry and hard as biscuit, and then are beaten into powder and sifted. It is then fit for use as a Pepper, or for being packed up in a compressed state, and so as to exclude air, for exportation. (Londoo.) In this way our army can easily be supplied with an admirable and wholesome condiment. CoaN Caop.?In view of the present condition of affairs, and what they must continue to be, I may be excused for presenting for your consideration a view of the subject which 1 deem of much importance, and which I have not yet seen presented. The Constitution of the Confederacy, and that of the State of Georgia, both allow that private property may be taken for publio use, upon the tender of reasonable compensation. Now, the Commissary Department of the army must be supplied, if every bushel of corn be taken from every crib, and the last pound of meat from every i it- i i a _ suju&u uouse m toe taaa. ouppose cuuuu planters make but light changes from their usual mode9of planting, does not every one see that the planter himself may be the priuoipal sufferer from such a course ? The public authorities may demand and will have, all his supplies, although they may be but sufficient for his own use. The principle of self-interest, therefore, (as well as that of patriotism and public spirit.) requires that eueh planter should piant largely of breadstuff's, exclusively for public use and consumption. This is the only plau that the planter oan adopt in the present emergency, in order to meet the demands of the country, whioh he cannot avoid, were be inclined to do so, and the demands of those who are dependent upon him; his own family may suffer by his pursuing any other. HOWELL COBB. The Advance of McClellan'a Army, i "Occasional," the Washington corres- s pondent of the Philadelphia Press, writes c is follows, under date of the 11th alt: 1; ft is finally settled that the Confederates c have retreated from their strongholds, and r ire being rapidly and steadily parsaed by fc the army of the Union. Whether this re- t treat is the result of policy or panic cannot, i of course, be ascertained. Certain it is, o however, that many of those who have a clamored for an advance upon Richmond, during the last three months, accept the retirement of the confederate forces as a full realization of their predictions that the 0 enemy would fly if attaoked, while it is not c to be deuied that many who have hceto- 1 fore sustained the theory of delay, on the c ground that we were not ready to move on, v confess themselves grievously disappointed 11 Where the eoemv will make a stand is the 1 next question. Whether our oolumns are a to march onward without a "retiring ebb," 1 until they have captured Richmond and completely vanquished the traitors, or c whether there is to be another great pause 1 before the end of the rebellion is ascertain- ( ed, are questions almost universaHy dis- I cussed. When the army began its passage ( into Virginia, on Sunday and Monday, c many who bad not estimated its numbers 1 or its capacities were surprised at the magnitude and magnificence of the spectacle. The members of the British and Frenoh legations, who have beeo industrious in collecting all the available information in regard to this war, confess that they were astonished at the splendid material of the army, its almost perfect discipline and its admirable appointments. How it is to be subsisted in a country desolated by war will be one of the main difficulties of those having it in oharge. Every pound of ammunition, forage and rations must be conveyed from the base of operations, or, should a junction be effeoted with General Wool, from Fortress Monroe. It must be borne in mind, however, that the blockade of the Potomac has been raised, and that the railroad from Alexandria has been laid to Fairfax. These are great advantages, but they may be counteracted by the cer tain destruction of the railroad by the Confederates extending from Manassas to Richmond. The obstacles in regard to a transportation auu suusisteuou, particularly the latter, will compel prompt and rapid action, so as to prevent the Confederates from fortifying themselves in new positions, and depriving the Union army of indispensable military facilities and of the necessities of life. The Scenes of a Yankee March. A short time previous to the final attack on Fort Henry, the Yankees, several thousand strong, marobed out to make a reconnoisanoe, in foroe in that direction. They went within a few miles of Fort Henry and then returned. The scenes of the return march as thus described by a correspondent of the Chicago Tribune : The march has been a most disgraoeful one. Pillage, arson, murder, have been its aooouipaniments. The population have fled precipitately before the approaoh of the column, and their houses have been stripped of every thing portable?useful or otherwise?and that which wasxnot portable has been destoyed. One fiue country reai-, deuce was burned to the ground, and another was fired aod partially burned ; a fine tobacco house was laid in ruins. From the village of Mayfield to the Tennessee river, if there is a domestic fowl, oalf, pig, or anythiog living that could furnish food for men disgusted with hard bread and salt meat, left alive, it is because it failed of being discovered. The village of Murray was literally pillaged of everything.? Stores, shops aod houses were broken open, r.nd everything that couli appeal to a soldier's fancy was taken aw ry. We have been followed into this cauip by scores of farmers searching for mules and horses that have been driven off by the straggling soldiers. A general order has been issued to commanders of regiments to have all suoh property turned loose before leaving this place. A straggling soldier on the march j was accosted by a citizen on discovering him behind his premisas, when words ran high, resulting in a taunt from the citizea that the Yankee soldiers were all cowards, whereupou the soldier deliberately fixed his bayonet, and ran the citizen through, killing him instantly. The citizens, maddened to frenzy, have finally armed themselves as best they can, and are hanging on our rear, shooting down stragglers. Piokets are also suffering the consequences of this inhuman warfare. Two pickets of the Second Illinois cavalry, who were out night before last, have net returned or been beard from. The consequences of suoh a march through a territory of which a portion of the inhabitants at ieast are friends, and all sought to be made suoh, must be apparent to all. Our enemies will be multiplied, and our friends proportionately decreased. The people of Western Kentucky have had a servere lesson, and will ever hereafter shudder at the announcement of the approach of the Federal army. The North without Friends?In their hour of trial the Federal States have no man's good word. There is not a count.rv in the Old World which does not num ber amongst the naturalized citizens of the oDce United States, thousands, in some cases hundreds of thousands, of her own sons. Ties of blood, intertwined with those of interest, might be expected to create a lively sympathy between the speculative Democrat of the Old World, and the practical Republican of the New World j the European jealousy of England would, it is only natural to suppose, develop and strengthen every wish for the prosperity, every rjgret at the misfortunes, of the trans-Atlantic power, whose commercial marine is only second, if, iudeed, it be second, to that of this country. This has not provedJo be the case. The cynical scorn with which the United States, in their past relations with other countries, have trampled, whenever it suited their convenience, on the principles and precedents of international law, has brought with it its just and appropriate retribution. 44Love, if thou would'st be loved," was the shrewd advice given by the Latin poet to the youthful lover. It is not otherwise with States. The country which shows no repect to the national dignity of another ouotry, or to the commonest principles of aw recognized in all oivilized lands, has inly itself to blame, if it is not, in its tarn, espeoted. Precisely becaase its power has teen, not a guarantee of, bat a menace to, he common interests of progress and civlization, the sadden decay and overthrow f that power will be bailed as a blessing nd a boon.?London Morning Post. Guerilla Warfare. Now that the enemy has plaoked ap oarage to advance into the interior of oar loantry, we hope that no time will be lost n organizing guerilla companies and regineots of flying horsemen, to be provided rith the best arms, for the purpose of harissiog the Hessians and cutting off their rains. The Lynohburg Virginian has an irtiole on this subject, from which we exract the following : We oannot rely solely apoo meeting his iverwhelmiog numbers apoo a fair field.? it i . _<r J .u :e :ui_ ri c uium urn uiui uu iu ucatu ti puoaiuiu. )ur sharp shooters most waylay and suririse him whenever it is at all practicable. )ur people understand the ooantry, and lan in many oases choose their own ground. !n the defiles of the mountains, and from he depths of oar valleys, we mast poanoe ipon the thieving hordes. If, by reason if their vast nambers, we canaot meet them ilways in front, we can hang upon their ear and destroy their trains, tbas catting iff their sapplies. We can give them a epetiton of the French campaign in the ryrol, where the anseen marksmen wasted he ranks of the invader, and even women ind children rolled down rocks apon them. )r, like the flying Cossacks in the Russian var, oar splendid horsemen oan dash upon ;hem daily and waste their ranks. This node of warfare will fill the Yankees with greater dread than the idea of having to neet ua in pitched battles where they know he advantage. And besides, it is the only varfare we ?an wage constantly. Whilst >ar recent recruits are being armed and Irilied, the Virginia horsemen, already the error of the Hessians, should be engaged n making constant forays upon them. We ihould make their invasions as precarious ind uncomfortable and possible. They are 'or the most part ruffians and marauders, ind soaroely entitled to be dealt with upon he terms that govern civilized warfare.? Let them know that they take their lives n their own bands, and will be shot at wherever they appear. We riusf inangu ate a guerilla war of the most destructive ciud, to be waged agaiost them. oommunioatioQ has been add reeled by Mr. B. H. Bingham, Chairman of ihe Committee ou Agriculture, of the Georgia House of Representatives, from whioh ve extract the following paragraphs: Before the war began, we drew many of )ur family supplies from the States Northvest of Ohio, and many from Kentucky, Missouri and Tenuessee. Now the war is ipon us?Kentucky, Missouri, Tennessee ind Virginia, are its present theatre. Initead of drawing supplies from them, we nust supply them; we must supply them )y the command of every manly sentiment >f fraternity, if we be men. From the lensus tables and other best souroes of sta;istical information at my command, I find ;hese four States have very near as many teres of improved land as the remaining Confederate States altogether. I find, also, ;bat they yield during peace more corn and vheat (selected beoause they are the leadng cereals) than all the other Confederate States. Thus it appears that Centucky, Missouri, Tennessee and Virginia have, in aggregate, of Improved land 93,449,073 Uabama, Arkansas, Florida, Geergia, Louisiana,^Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina and Texas 37,149,557 rhe four States first named yield during peace in corn and wheat, In aggregate?bushels... 200,847448 rhe nine States last named 166,093,911 Here, farmers of the South, is the plain 'act staring yon in the face. Nearly half ;f the improved land of the Confederacy is ilreadv the theatre of war; much of the )rod active foroe is drawn from ail, and >ther portions not now trodden by the foe nay be desolate before the year closes.? Prom your lands, wherever they may be an listurbed by the invader, our brethren are j o be supported. We all have a oommon ate, which shall be shared by all. The thannels of our commerce are cut off, and re must provide for ourselves means of sub* listence or die, for the thought of subjugaion cannot beendared. t&? Extract of a letter dated Mancheser, February 14, 1802. If you are not to be united again, the ! var will be continued, and the suffering of he South, no doubt, will be very great; >ut if if you are as one man, why then, ilthough the war will be protracted, your ndependence is seoured. War is a terible alternative ; but this is no time for you >r any of your people to shrink from it.? [ am sorry to say you can expeoi no aid 'rom this country. The people sympathize with you, and the mass deprecate the war waged so ruthlessly against a people conending for the right of self-government, vbich seems to them to have been express y guaranteed by the great American Dec-1 aration of Independence; but the English )eople will support their Government in he stand they have taken, and will maini:i_ v? _:n ? J aiu a tunut uuutntuujr. iuu win ouc uv nterference between yon; they will watch vith great imerest your struggle for iudejendence; but rely upon it, you oan have 10 aid from England. Lord Derby and Sari Russell understand eaoh other fully. Excuses are made for the slim blockade, md Lord Lyons has been instructed to say t is satisfactory; therefore, nerve yourelves for the great contest, and I pray jiod you may win We have a stock of 525,740 bales in Liverpool; so cotton is oot scarce. There is a great reduction in the consumption With what American jotton there is on band, and with what pour venturesome ones may run the blockide and send us, we hope to get along until the fall Mr. Seward has assured our Govjrunient that by that time yoa will have quietly submitted to his authority. I don't believe it, but this is the assuranoe. *** A Quick Quarter. ? A boy worked hard all day for a quarter of a dollar.? With the quarter he bought apples, and took them to town and sold them oc the street for a dollar. With the dollar be bought a sheep- This sheep brought him a lamb, aod her fleece brought him another dollar. The next spring he had two sheep, two lambs, and a yearling sheep. The three fleeces be sold for three .dollars, and bonght three more sheep. He now had six, with a fair prospect. He worked where he found opportunity, for hay, cord,_ and oats, and pasturing for his sheep. He, took the ohoicest care of tnem and soon had . a flock. Their wool enabled him to bay a pasture for them, and by the time he waa twenty-ooe he had a fair start in life, aad all from the quarter he earned in one day. A Yankee Deserter. The Savannah Republican gives the following statement, reoeived from a Federal deserter from Feruandina: He states that the men were cruellv treated by their officers, sod ill-clad an& ' fed?their rations consisting of very hard and black bread, made of aborts or bran, he did oot know which, aod old pickled beef, unfit for any purpose, aod a soaoty supply ' at that. The officers, however, fared sumptuously, aod were indifferent as .to the coo* djtion of those under their command. For the moat trivial offence they were pot under guard and made to carry a 32-pound shot ten hours. He was determined on the first opportunity that presented itself to desert, and states that the men generally are dissatisfied. They were principally.drafted, and promised *8 a month; volunteers were to receive $11. He bad been fc service five months, and all he got was a 825 Treasury note, which he sold while on his way to Waynesviile for $5, to a gentleman who wanted it as a cariosity. ^ While at Port Royal he did notsee much cotton there, but a great number of horses, sheep, cows, &c., that were captured, and ~ , did not see more than from two to three hundred negroes. The Pederals were drflling the negroes as soldiers daily. There were a few stores at Port Royal, and some of the officers had their families living there. Oooasiooally yon could see strangers from the North visiting the plaoe: from onriosity. The buildings erected there ' ** were small temporary wooden affairs.? There was no bniidiog in briok going on. The principal work was 10 making defence* to the p]aoe. , .rThere was a great deal of siokness among the troops, principally typhoid and ship fever and a large number of deaths ocoariug. The Virginia after her Regent Battle.?From an interesting letter from Lieut. A. G Butts, of the Macon Volunteers, dated Norfolk, the 15th instant, the Maeon Telegraph copies the following: I have been to aee the Virginia since the engagement. She must have received the fire of over one hundred guns daring the two days' fight, and some of them of the largest kind. I saw the marks of a rifled shot and solid, weighing 166 pounds, fired at very short distance while the ship was agronnd. They produced only an indentation upon the iron plating; some^of them struck with such force as to weld the plates of iron together, producing, no doubt, the beat of lightaing. The plates were broken in several places but not broken through. They are notr taking off the broken plates and putting on new Qnes, which is easily done .by taking off the nuts upon the inside, and backing * out the bolts. Her prow (which is ofcast iron) was broken Jn running into the Cumberland; that has been removed, and a better one is to be put in its place. She will soon be in order agaio. One of the officers told me that ebe could easily pass the Fortress Monroe gnos if necessary, without receiving any injury. The Abandon ment of Manassas ? In view of the faot that considerable an-' easiness is manifested on the part of the public on account of reports of the falling back of our forces from Manassas and the Upper Potomac, the Richmond Examiner gives as the positive assurance that these movements have cot been on account of any pressure of the enemy, but are purely Htrategio. General Johnson is understood to have the confidence of the Administration to sach an extent that, as a singular exception, be has the eontrul' and direction of military movements in bis department entirely in bis own discretion. It is certain that a new line of defenee is to be organized in Northern Virginia, and that the points have beea selected with a view to the best strategic advantage.. These points are not yet indicated.; bat it is thought probable that a line of defence will be organized, extending from Gordonsville to Stannton. A depot of provisions is now being established at the former place Impobtat Arrival from Abroad.? Thursday Morning, March 13?At daybreak this morning, the doe screw steamer Economist, sailing nhdor English oolors, ran into oar harbor withoat any difficulty whatever. She brings the moat valuable cargo that has yet been brought through the blookade, viz 85,000 stand of arms, including 12,000 Enfield rifles, about 60 tons of gun-powder, and immense stores of blankets, shoes, accoutrements for artillery, medicioes and other articles of which our army stands badly in need. This invaluable oargo is the property of the Confederate Government, which chartered the Economist for the trip. This news is perfectly authentic, and tne steamer now lies off our wharves.?Cor. Mobile Register. A Presentation.?Oq Friday last (Jen. Evans visited the Camp of Instruction in St. Andrews Parish, in command of Lieut* Col. Ellison Capers, and after review and dress parade presented the Evans Guard, Capt. Gooding, with a sword captured at the battle of Leesburg The Evans Gnard was named in honor of the general. As an incentive to future honorable achievements he presented the corps with the above token of the trust and confidence he reposed in them. ^ The sword hears the inscription : "Capt. Piereon, 20th Massachusetts Volunteers," above which has been added by the general: "Presented to the Evans Guard by Brig. N. G. Evans, March 22d, 1862. Captured at the balidi-ef^Leesburg, Va., October 21, 1861."?Charier. ^2