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^pp- ' 3 -' . 5R r& -^5 ** .** - w - -'? - *>? .?- .%-?. . ? ;' ' *8" - . . " ", * s " - M,-C *3B^S-. r. r .. .^C - ^ - vr-3%? -' ?* .-- ~- v ' . :- /' *& *. 4 roS?AM wEeIst. I^op '0 - |n Jnbepenbeitt Jrantilp llefospaper: Jfor % fMuitiim of tjje folifieai, Social, igricnlittral anb (Eonraicrcial Interests of % ^outjj. ' - {? pbh yeab, in advasos. VOLUME 8. YORKVILLE, SOUTH CAROLINA,. THURSDAY MORNING, MARCH 20, 1862. __ NUMBER 12. lb* re 1S8UED EVES'? THURSDAY MOSSING, at Two Dollars a year, in Advance. THREE COPIES, f5 35 ; 10 COPIES, flft| And an Extra Copy to the person making a Clnb of Ten?the money to be paid in Advance. ADVERTISEMENTS Will be inserted at One Dollar per square for the first, and flftt cents for each subsequent insertion (less than three months.) A Square consists of the space occupied by 10 lines of this size type ;100 words, or one INCH space. No Advertisement considered less than a square. ty All Advertisements not having the number of insertions marked on the margin, will be continued until forbid and charged accordingly. jy Quarterly, Semi-Annual or Yearly contracts will be made on liberal terms?the contracts, however, must in all eases be confined to the immediate business of the firm or Individual contracting. Semi-Monthly, Monthly, or Quarterly Advertisements, . will be charged ONE DOLLAR per square tor eacu insertion. For Advertising Estrays Tolled, $2; to be paid by the Magistrate. Citations, $2 25; to be paid in advance by the person applying. Notices of Application to the Legislature, ?5; to paid by the person banding in the advertisement. Insolvent Debtors Notice, $8 ; payable in advance. Attachment Notices,>8; to be paid for by the Attorney in the case. Business Cards, of a half-square or less, will be inserted at 5 per year. For each additional line, 81. Fjp" Announcements of Marriages or Deaths ; Notices of Religions Meetings published GRATI8 and solicited. gg* Tributes of Respect rated as advertisements. H** Obituary Notices exceeding one square in length, wiube charged for the overplus at regular advertising rates. '.'Personal Communications, when admissible; communications of limited or individual interest, or recommendations of Candidates for offices of honor, profit or trust, will bo charged forat from 3 to 10 cents per line. ?0$fm A CBY TO AEMSf BY HENRY T1XROD. Ho! woodsmen of the mountain side Ho! dwellers in the vales! Ho! ye who by the chafing tide, Have roughened in the gales i Leave barn and byre, leave kin and cot, Lay by the bloodless spade. Let desk, and cose, and counter rot, And burn your books of trade ! The despot roves your fairest lands, And till he flies "or fears, Your fields must grow but armed hands, Your sheaves be sheaves of spears! ? Give up to mildew and to dust The useless tools of gain , And feed your country's sacred dust With floods of crimson rain.' Come with the weapons at your call, With musket, pike or knife, He wields the deadliest waae 01 uii Who lightest lwlds his life. The arm that drives its unbought blows With all a patriot's scorn, Might brain a tyrant with a rose, Or stab him with a thorn! Does any falter? let him turn To some brave maiden's eyes, And catch the holy iires that bum In those suolonar skies. Oh! could you like your women feel And in their spirit march, A day might see your lines of steel Beneath the victor's arch 1 What hope, O God! would not grow warm, When thoughts like these give cheer? The lily calmly braves the storm, And shall the palm tree fear? No! rather let Its branches court Thejnck that sweeps the plain; And from the lily's regal port . Learn bow to breast toe strain. JIo! woodsmen of the mountainfHride! Ho! dwellers In the vales! w* Ho! ye who by the roaring tide Have roughened In the gales! . Come ! flocking gayly to the fight, From forcst/hlil !*id lake ! We battle for our country's right, And for the lily's sake. Prom the Governor and Council. STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA; -| Executive Council Chamber, i Columbia, Maacb 6, 1862. j Whereas, The President of the Confederate States has ascertained the military quota of South Carolina, for the existing war, to be twelve thousand five hundred and ninety men, in addition to the number already furnished, to serve for and during the present "war, and made his requisition upon the Governor for five regiments thereof: Be it Resolved, That, in order to comply promptly with this requisition, and for the purpose of filling aU subsequent requisitions, the following system shall be, and is hereby adopted : X. It 8UH1I ue U1C UUkJr U1 HUB uujum.. and Inspector General to cause all the male citizens of the State, between the ages of eighteen and forty-five, not now in active service, to be enrolled as soon as may be after the passage of these resolutions, designating all exempts, and the cause of such exemptions, including all refugees from Districts now in possession of the enemy, and designating such of them as have been in service, and the term and place of such service; and he is hereby authorized, under instructions from the Chief of Military, to prescribe such regulations, in addition to these now established, as will enable him promptly and efficiently to perform the duty imposed upon him ; and to that end he may require the services of the Sheriffs and Tax Collectors of the several Districts and Parishes of the State, or suoh other persons as be may deem necessary, to act in conjunction with the officers of the State Militia. In making such enrollment, it shall be the duty of the Adjutant and Inspector General to ascertain and state the time, if any, for which the said militia, or any portion thereof, shall have been in the service of this State 01 the Confederate States. 2. It shall be the duty of every person hereinbefore declared liable to be enrolled to report himself promptly to the officer or officers appointed for that purpose; and if any person shall fail to report himself, within ten days after the notice or order requiring suoh enrollment shall have been posted or published at some public place within his ward or company district, he shall, unless there be sufficient excuse for such failure, be drafted among the first levies to be drawn from such District or Corporation ; and if any person or officer shall fail to perform the duty required of him under these resolutions, he shall be subject to a fine of not less tbau fifty nor more thau one thousand dollars The officers or persons enrolling the militia shall be entitled to a compensation of ten ceDts for each per? >.1 tio nloirr.s fnr mirth MD1. a\ju CUlUUCUj auu vuv *v. pensatiou shall be paid upon the certificate of the Adjutant and Inspector General. 3. It shall be the duty of the Adjutant and iuspector General to procure from tbe Commandants of the several Regiments, Battalions and Companies of the South Carolina Volunteers, complete rolls of the several corps now iu service, to be returned tortbwitb to this office, designating tbe name, residence and age of each volunteer or enlisted man, tbe time of his volunteer or enlistment, and when his term of service will expire, with the Company and Regiment to which he belongs. 4 At least ten days before the day on which the term of service of each Volun ter Company now in tbe field shall expire, the Adjutant and Inspector General shall cause such Company to be mustered for re; enlistment by the officer commanding tbe Bame, who shall make out an accurate Company Roll, designating therein the name, who shall make out an accurate Company Roll, designating therein the uame, age and residence of each volqnteer who shall decline to re enlist, the time his service will expire, and the Company and Regiment to which he belongs, and return the same promptly to the office of the Adjutant and Inspeotor General of the State, for the purpose of having their names subject to any subsequent call for troops ; and when troops now in service for a shorter farm thun fho o#r nrA rtiahftndpd and re turned to the State, they shall, within ten days thereafter, be enrolled in their respective Districts or Parishes, and be subject to any subsequent call for troops : Provided, In case tbey are drafted within ten days after their return they shall be furloughed upon application beiDg made, for thirty days from the day of the draft. 5. Immediately after the passage of those resolutions, the Chief of the Military Department shall issue an order requiring the organization of a Board of Exemptions in each District and Parish of the State (except the cities of Charleston and Columbia); to consist of the Commanding Officers of Regiments, and at least two practicing Physicians, of respeotable standing. The Board shall have cognizance of all questions of exemptions, and shall adjudge the sufficiency of the excuse given by any person. In no case shall the Board grant a discharge for bodily infirmity, unless satis factory evidence is furnished them that the infirmity is of a permanent oharacter, and such as will disqualify the claimant for the discharging of the duties of a soldier. The Board shall keep a record of their proceedings, and furnish the officers appointed for the enrollments with any information required, and also send a copy of all exemptions made, with cause of such exemptions, stating name, age and place of residence, or Beat Company, to Adjutant and Inspec^ rr _ . n>L _ T> J ?!I tor ueoerai 6 omce. xue x>uuru simn uiuc? at some central point in each Parish or Dis trict, giving public notice thereof at least two days in each week preceding a conscription for troops. Only exemptions granted by the resolution of the Governor and Council published herewith will be recognized by the Board. In the cities of I Charleston and Columbia, the Board will consist of certain persons, hereafter to be j designated by the Governor and Council. The compensation of the Board of Exemptions shall be the per diem and mileage allowed by law to members of the General Assembly. 6 When troops are to be oalled for, the Adjutant and Inspector General, under in structions, shall apportion the quota of each Beat or Volunteer Company in. the State, according to their respective enrollments; and in order that equal justice may be done to all the arms-bearing citizens of the State, no requisitions for tfoops will be filled by volunteering (except individual volvateers for Infantry service, until twentieth of March, instantj, but the same shall be apportioned, and a conscription ordered therefor. After the apportionment has been made and a conscription executed, the persons subject To duty shall be assembled at designated camps of rendezvous, and be organized into Companies, Battallions or Regiments, under Commanding Officers to be appointed by the Governor and Council The Regimental Staff to be appointed in accordance with the1 Confederate laws and regulations. ? ? t _ ? _ I 7. ADy person wno may volunteer or oe drafted for Confederate service may, at anytime before his muster into service, famish an able-bodied man, well clothed, as his substitute, subject to the usual examine-* tion and approval, but the person furnishing such substitute shall be liable to per form ordinary militia and patrol duty.? Should the substitute be subsequently drafted, the person furnishing him shall be required to take his place, or furnish another substitute on same terms. 8. All Ordinances, Acts, Resolutions Regulations from any Authority iu this State, conflicting with the above provisions, are hereby suspended in their operation for and during the existing war.' F. J. Moses, Jr., Secretary. [Extracts from the Minutes of March 6th ] STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1 Adjctant and Inspector General's Office, > Colcmbia," March 7, 1862. ) [GENERAL ORDER NO. 6.] TO CARRY INTO EFFECT, WITH the utmost promptitude, the resolutions of the Governor and Council, passed March sixth, eighteen hundred and sixty-two, creating a new military system for this State, it is hereby ordered : I. That the Commandants of the Militia Regiments of the State convene immediately at some convenient place within the bounds of each Regiment, the Commanding Officers of eaoh Company of their respective Regiments giving public notice thereof,, and proceed on the information before them, to enroll, for active service, all persons resident or remaining within their respective Regimental lines, in strict accordance with Section first, of the new military system herewith printed; and, in order to effect the enrollment properly, the Sheriffs and Tax Collectors of each District and Parish shall attend, and- render such assistance as may be in their power. Each Commanding Officer of Peat or Volunteer Company shall give public notice of these Orders and Resolutions, within their respective Company limits. The compensation will be paid to the officer or person designated by Commanding Officer of the Regiment, making the proper enrollment for this office. Commandants of Regiments shall forward promptly to this office full and legible lists of enrollments of the persons enrolled by Companies, with the designations required; and they are authorized to appoint, if necessary, proper officers to effect a thorough enrollment. II. All persons liable to militia duty are required, without delay, to enroll their names with the Commanding Officer of their respective Beat Companies; failing in this, the penalty imposed will be strictly enforced. As soon as the enrollment is complete, Commanding Officers of Companies will notify all persons enrolled to hold themselves in readiness for oonscripton for active service. III. A Board of Exemption will be forthwith organized iu each District and Parish, to consist of the Commanding Officers of Regiments, and at least two practicing Physicians of respectable standing, to bo selected by said officers, and the evidence of infirmity, in all cases, must rest upon the personal knowledge of one or more members of the Board of Exemptions. The Board will conform its action to the fifth section of the above system. The Pay Rolls of the Board will be forwarded to this office for payment. IV. A conscription will be ordered to fill the requisition of the Secretary of War for five Regiments, as soon as the enrollments are returned to this office. V. All officers charged with the execution of the above order, will proceed with out further notice to the prompt discharge of their duties. By command. S. R GIST, Adjutant and Inspector General of S. C. The Naval Battle?Official Reports. We extract the following from the Richmond Examiner of Wednesday: The account of the conflict between the Ericsson battery, now called the Monitor, and the Virginia, surpasses all we have ever heard of cannonading on the water.? At one time, we are informed, the vessels were withio a few feet of each other. Shot after shot was poured upou the Virginia from the immense armament of the Monitor; her iron plates resisted the fire, but the balls were so thick that the plated sides are said to have been bent by incessant impact of cannon balls upou particular portions of her surface. During this spell of close cannonading the crew of the Virginia, within her iron shell, perceived no effect from the fire but the sullen thug of the balls that fell from the sides. The collision of the Virginia with the Cumberland is said to have produced no more disturbance in tbe motion of the former vessel than if her iron cleaver had been cutting its way through a sheet of writing paper. There is a report that her prow was broken, and that she is at present in the dry dock for repairs. We are assured, however, that but trifling repairs are necessary, and that she will soon be ou the water again. We annex below a communication sent into Congress yesterday by the President, with reference to the victory, and covering the official report of the engagement: president's message?-official'report. To the Senate and Bouse of Representatives of the Confederate Stntes: I herewith transmit a letter of the Secretary of the Navy, of this date, covering the official report of the naval engagement between the James river squadron and the enemy's fleet at Hampton Roads on the 8th instant. The officers and men of the navy engaged iu this brilliant affair deserve well ol the country, and are commended to the consideration of Congress. The disparity of the forces engaged did not justify the anticipation of so great s victory ; and it is doubly gratifying that ii has been won upon an element where we were supposed to be least able to compete with our enemy. Special attention is called to the perfidi ous conduct of the enemy in hoisting, ot the frigate Congress, a white flag, and renewing fire from that vessel under the im punity thus obtained. JEFFERSON DAVIS. March 11, 1863. C. S. Steam Battery, Virginia, Off Sewell's Point, March 8, 1862. Flag Officer : In consequence of th< wound of Flag Officer Buchanan, it be comes by duty to report that the Virginii left the yard this morning at 11, a. m. steamed down the river past our batteries iun/1 ni7?r til nt^ronnrt mknro too .v pv.v gaged the batteries ashore; and also tw< large steam frigates, supposed to be tb< Minnesota and Roanoke, and a sailing fri gate and several small steamers, armed witt heavy rifled guns. We sunk the Cumber iand, drove the Congress ashore, when sh< hauled down her colors and hoisted thi white flag, but she fired upon us with thi white flag flying, wounding Lieutenan Miuor and several of our men. We agaii opened fire upon her, and she is now ii flames. The shoal water prevented ou reaohing the other .frigates. This, witl the approach of night, we think, save< them from destruction. Our loss is twi killed and eight wounded. Two of our guns have the muzzles sho off. The prow was twisted, and the armo somewhat damaged. The anchor and al flag-staffs shot away, aud smoke-stack an< steam-pipe were riddled. The bearing o the officers and men was all that could b< wished, and in fact it could not have beei otherwise after the noble and daring con duct of the flag officer, whose wound i deeply regretted by all on board, who woul< gladly have sacrificed themselves in orde to save him. We were accompanied fron the yard by the Beaufort (Lieutenant Par ker) aud Raleigh, (Lieutenant Alexander, and as soon as it was discovered up thi i James river that the aotion had commeu I ced, we were joiued by the Patrick Henry j (Commander Tucker,) the Jamestown ! (Lieutenant Barney,) and the Teaser, (Sei i iieant Webb,) all of which were actuall I o *' * i entraced, and rendered very effective ser I C W m ! vice. Enclosed I send the surgeon's re j port of casualties. I have the honor to be, sir, very respect i fully, your obedient servant, OATESBY up 11. JONES, Ex und Ordnance Officer. Flag Officer F. Forrest. .The official report of the naval battle ii Hampton ltoads was read. The accompa nying letter of the Secretary of the Nav states that Flag Officer F. Buchanan wa disabled near the close of the engagemen by a painful wound, though not very dan gerous. The report was made by the ex ecutive officer, upon whom the com mam devolved, Lieut. Jones. The Confederat vessels engaged were the steam-sloop Vii ginia, of ten guns; the Patrick Henrj Commander Tucker, of six guns; th i Jamestown, Lieutenant Commander Bar uey, of two guns; the Raleigh, Lieuteoan Commanding Alexander; the Beaufort Lieuteuant Commanding Parkerj the Teaser, Lieutenant Commanding Webb?eaoh of one gun With this force (twenty guns) Flag Officer Buchanan engaged the enemy's fleet, consisting of the frigate Cumberland, of twenty four guos; the Congress, of fifty < guns; the St. Lawrence, of fifty guos; and the steam frigate Minnesota, of forty guns; the enemy batteries at Newport News, and several small steamers, armed with heavy rifled guns. This engagement commenced at 3.30 p. m., and at 4 p. m. Capt. Buchanan had sunk the Cumberland, captured and burnt the Congress, disabled and driven the Minnesota ashore, and defeated the St. Lawrence and Roanoke, which sought shelter under the guns of Fortress Mon roe. Two of the enemy's small steamers were blown ap, and the two transport steamers were captured. The Cumberland went down with ail on board, her tops only remaining above wa ter, but many of her people were saved by boats from the shore. The flag of the Congress, and the sword of the officer commanding at the time of her surrender, are at the Navy Department. The report concludes as follows: To the dashing courage, the patriotism and eminent ability of Flag Offioer Buchanan, and to the officers and men of his squadron, our country is indebted for this brilliant achievement, which will hold a conspicuous place among the heroio contests of naval history. , [Signed] S. B. MALLORY, Secretary Navy. - - Terribly Deceived. It is said that the Captain of the Congress, on Beeing the Virginia bear down towards his ship on Saturday, mustered his men and addressed them thus : "My hearties, you see before you the great Southern bugaboo, got up to fright us out of our 1 wits Stand to your guns, and let me assure you that one good broadside from our gallant frigate, and she is ours !" When that broadside was poured into the Virgin-] ia, the Captain in dismay witnessed its effects, and seeing it did not even faize the! the armor of the Virginia, he again addres- j ' sed his crew, and said : "Well, my hearties that was a terrific fire, but I have been ' mistaken They have got us, unless we oan give 'em Bull Run." This is said to be a positive fact, as reported by one of the prisoners on board the Congress. Ou board the Cumberland, we learn that many of the crew were looking on the Vir, ginia as she bore down upon them, and making all manner of derisive and conten, tious remarks, many of them aloud, and 1 within the hearing of those on board the Virginia, such as: "Well, there she comes!" "What the devil does she look p like?" "What in h?11 is she after?"? , "Let's look at the great secesh curiosity," &c. These remarks were cut short by a I discharge from the Virginia's bow gun, { which swept them from onq end of the j. Cumberland's deck to the other, killing , and wounding numbers of the poor deluded , wretches; and in a few minutes after the most of the remainder of them found a watery grave from the effects of the terrible ( work of the object of their merriment and contempt. We have no doubt that the Northern journals will be enabled, by putting on an extra head of their lying power, to keep the terrible truth from their readers, but we are gratified in the fact that a true account of this particular iustance of Southern courage and prowess will go abroad to the nations of Europe from eye-witnesses, on board of foreign vessels, as we learn the ^ whole operations of Saturday last were witnessed by the officers and crew of at least ' one French vessel in Hampton Roads, if not two, and possibly an English vessel also. , This successful and terrible work of the 3 Virginian, on Saturday, will create a revo. lution in naval warfare, and henceforth } iron will be king of the sou. The nations . of Europe have been discussing this prin3 ciple for a number of years past, but it was ? left for the people of the South, battling ? for their independence, to develop its feat sibility and success. The ingenuity of 3 Southern mechanics will henceforth re3 ceive its proper meed of praise from the r world at large; and the master mind that 3 conceived and executed the plan of the j Virginia, will occupy a proud position a 3 inoQg those whom the people delight to honor. He has, with his owd hands as it t were, created an engine of destruction ar gainst our enemies more terrible far than 1 an army of one hundred thousand men.? j He has given his country the command of f the enemy's navy, which has been our most B terrible annoyance, and if our rulers are j wise, they will hasten to avail themselves . of the power thus tendered them by builds iug at least a dozen more just suoh vessels, 1 varying their draught so as to suit our var rious rivers and harbors. i The Virginia, it is intimated, while up - here, has changed her forward and aft piv) ot guns for two of the celebrated Armstrong e guns, which lately found their way into - this vicinity. She is now ready "cooked , and primed," as the saying is, to do any , little job of work our folks may conclude ' to put her at, with as much ease, faoility y and despatch, as she did her admirable job ' of destroying those three first-clasB Yankee !- men-of-war on Saturday and Sunday last. Long may she wave !?Norfolk Day Book, 1M. Commander Peqram.?The gallant commander of the Nashville is tbns described by the Richmond correspondent of the Charleston Mercury: o Pegram, the bold commander of the i- Nashville, is an uncle of Col. Pegram who y was captured at Rich Mountain. He is a s fine looking man of 45 or 50, a sincere t Christian, gentle as a woman, cool and intrepid as it is possible for a man to bo.. His > daring attack upon the piratical junks dud ring the British war with China procured e for him a gold medal from the Queen, and other high testimonials, and accounts, in great part, for the cordial attentions be ree ceived lately in England. He brings pos' tagc stamps, treasury uotes, and a very full t supply of powder for the 2 six-pounder riflea which the Nashville mounts. From the Augusta Chronicle ami Sentinel. Our Destiny. Is it possible that I look at things in a h proper light ? Let as stop a inomentand ti reflect and examine ourselves and our D course. What are we doing? We are all frail beings and cannot see far into the fu- u tare; we never know what a day will bring o forth; yet we all have our views of things, 1< past and ahead, and one man's opinion or & notion is worth about as much as another's. Mine is this, and if it is worth anything, t! examine it and profit by it: The oourso 1 that a large mass of the cit zens of the ^ Southern Confederacy are taking, is whip- p ping the South most awfully, and if the p Yankees will just stop and be still, they ? eed not light any more; we will sooa whip e ourselves.. ? Only be still one moment and let your fa mind survey your acquaintance around you, a and you will find that very many of the c citizens in every community, who made 1 the most and the loudest noise about Se a cession and fighting for our rights, they, in 1 so many instances, are now the ones that a are staying at home, and going to war is 1 the farthest from their mind, but runniog u here and there, trying to speculate upon j the soldiers even that have gone to do our i fighting as well as those that are behind. f Take, for instance, our Cotton Factories; ' twelve months ago tbey were buying cot- f ton at from 10 to 11 cents and making it f 'into Osnasburgs and selling it at 11 to 12? r j cents; now they are buying the cotton at f [ 8 to 8? cents, and selling the Osnaburgs 1 at 25 to 28 cents, and making a larger per cent, od lighter homespuns. Gut they say ( the demand makes it 60 high. That is a 1 false pretext. What is there about it to ( make it cost any more than it did twelve 1 months ago ? Nothing but a priucip'e 1 that is false, untrue to the interests of our 1 Confederacy, and that principle is this? ? it is the love aod desire of staying at home < and making money out of this war, instead 1 of going and fighting like true Patriots.? '< These men could sell their cotton goods at 1 10 to 11 cents and make 10 per cent, more ' than they did twelve months ago. The 1 same may be said of all goods of their man- < afacture. Men have already been heard to J say that they would not care if every fac- 1 tory in the State were blown up. < What better can we say of the Tannery < and Shoe business ? They aTe buying up ' hides at from 8 to 12 J cents per pound, 1 which are the old prices, when they made negro shoes from SI.25 to $1.75; now $225 to S3,00, when the leather cost them, ( unless they buy it from a brother speculator, an average exceeding 80 or 85 cents , per pound when the average weight of the , shoes will not be two pounds per pair.? So you can see the exhorbitant price aud dwarfish patriotism. Shoes have been made , up and sent to the soldier out of inferior leather, not a particle of calfskin about them, pegged soles tbat did not weigh two pounds, and allowing 80 cents per pound for the leather, 81.60, they charging 85.50?making the shoes. This is a pretty good day's work for a negro shoe-maker, costing perhaps one dollar per day. These characters are helping to carry out secession and gain our independence with a vengeance. Talk about distillers. Congress, it is said has passed an act, or the Confederate authorities have ordered the seizure of corn to stop distilling. God grant it may be done, but I am not able to sec which is doing the most harm of the three evils mentioned. There are not a few of the speculative civil-doers in our Confederacy, and if they ooUld all be got together aud put into a Brigade and put under Ben. McCulloch or Jeff. Thompson, it would be the largest now in the Southern Confederacy ; and I honestly believe they are doing more to whip the South than all the Brigades of the enemy. T mention those as onlv a few instances of the terrible army who are making capital out of the war for speculation. I don't know that I would be going too far to say that our government would be doing well to 8top awhile the manufacturing of munitions of war till this class of 1 don't now what to call them are put down, or curbed, in some way. This article is already getting too leDgthy, but my duty to the soldiers already in the field compels me to notice another class; it is this: Much the largest portion of our army is made up of men who have but little at stake, or to fight for. But, suys the wealthy gentleman, I am making it up by my heavy taxes. You are paying tax on what you are worth; the poor, or man of little wealth, is doing the same, while many of them and their sons are enduring the hardships of a oamp life as well as the sufferings of the battle field, and in many instances, furnishing themselves with the necessary clothing and covering to make their lives and health secure. This last complaint is not intended to be as a general thing, for there are many who are doing noble deeds of courage and of liberality while others are staying at home watching at every point and corner, not only to hold what they have, but to grasp still more, and keep their purses screwed so tight that the air can't even enter. Now, when this war is over, this is a stigma that will follow this olass of men through life, and unfortunately their children after them. Tell me not that these men can lay their hands upon their hearts and say with a clear conscience that tbey feel that tbey are doing their duty. Tei! me not that these men of exorbitant prices and charges, because the demand is so great, are justified; but :f you will tell me that it is for the want [ of that sort of material which constitutes a true patriot, then t will believe you. Secessionist. * 8&.A recent order from the Lincoln War Department prohibits the transmittal i of private letters through the lines of the United States troops to persons living in the Confederate States, and requires officers of the army to send such letters to the Uead Letter Offioe. Exception to this rule is made in favor of letters addressed : to officers and men detained as prisoners.? jit is, therefore, useless to send private letI ters to be transmitted by "flags of truce", to Norfolk, as they must oither be returued I to the writers or sent to the Dead Letter; I offioe. I Description of the Ericsson Battery. Our readers will no doubt be glad to ate the following fall and minute descrip> ton of this new and anique "rebellion anihilator," known as the Ericsson Battery : The battery rests upon two vessels, an pper ar.d a lower one. The upper is built f iron, one hundred and seventy-fou* feet )ng, forty one feet four inches wide, and ve feec deep, with a draught of three to ix inches, leaving only eighteen inches of he sides exposed above the water line.? 'he sides are covered with a white oak bulwark, thirty inches thiok ; but receive their rtnninal nrntunfinn frnm nn nrmnr nf rnllftfi "?r? | ? --- late iron, six inches thick. The deck is iade of oak beams ten inches thick, covred with plank eight inches thick and a no inoh plate. The upper vessel is fiat* ottomed, and has a wedge shaped stiitn nd stern. The lower vessel, which is enirely submerged, is one hundred and wenty-four feet long, thirty-four feet wide nd six feet six inches deep. It contains he working machinery, the rudder and the nchor, housed away beyond the reach of he enemy's shot. Upon the deck of the ipper vessel, and the only conspicuous obect on this "low raking" and terrible craft, s the turret, twenty feet in diameter, nine eet high, and composed of nine one-inch ron plates, lapped over each other and astened with thousands of bolts. A shell >roof roof, six inches thick, covers the turet, which is entered through hatchways rom above. The total weight of the turet is one hundred and twenty tons. The irmament consists of two columbiads which are preferable to rifle guns of short anges), each currying a ball of one hunIred and eighty pounds, and working hrough circular port holes three feet above ;he deck. The carriages are made ol wrought iron, and move on forged iron ilides. The turret can be turned at pleas ire by a spurwheel and gearing driven 'by i.double-cylinder engine, and controlled by i lever in the turret. By this contrivance .he guns can be aimed, almost instantly, at my point of the horizon. The cylinder* for the main engine are forty inches in di iineter, with a piston stroke of twenty inches Blowers for the boiler and for ventillatioc ?re worked by small separate engines. Tht tmoke is passed through gratiugs in the deck. The entire cost of the battery wil, dc $275,000. Guns aud men to work then will be furnished by the government. xilfi .TlXiCVIVl We yesterday gave some brief accouu }f the Virginia, tbe great antagonist pf th< Bricsson Battery. Tbe following additions particulars with regard to the Virginia will be read with interest: Once sbe was the pride of tbe Federa Navy, and oonsidered tbe finest of herelasi afloat. Being at the Gosport Navy Van when the frightened Hessians fled from tha institution, they attempted to destroy her but failed io the undertaking. Acting or the hint of the New Orleans "Turtle" thi Government determined to make a Norfoll Turtle of tbeMerrimao, and workmen bav< been busily engaged on her for nearly si: months, and a striking metamorphosis the; have effeoted in her general appearanoe.? From a first class frigate she is razeed dowi till the surface sbe presents above water i: no greater than that of an ordinarj cana boat, and on that surface no balls nor shell can take effect. Three feet below her wa ter lines the iron plating, four inches thick on solid oak twenty-eight iucbes in tbiok ness, commences and runs upward frou each side, sloping like the roof of a house and being, in fact, an iron roof on a float ing bouse. No spars, uo masts, no uppe works of any kind are insight. Even th< chimneys are on spiral springs, 'quashable without injury, and the only place she cai be struck is on her iron roof. The onl; way of getting into her is through a smal batohway, to wbicb is an iron door fasten ing immovubly on the inside, so that tb enemy had as well attempt to board a log gerhead turtle as her. Her armament oon sists of heavy guns on each side, and on at bow and stern. The iron cleaver ii front is supposed capable of dividing i Yankee ship in two equal portions witl great nicety and despatch. Savannah and Charleston to be Burn Krr Vonlraaa */jr UUW A MUU.VWUI We learn from a passeuger who arrivei from Jacksonville yesterday, who had beei at Fernandina, that the Yankees landed a the latter place some 3,000 men. H learned from a gentleman who reachei Jacksonville a short time before he left, am who effected his escape from Fernandin by wading through the marsh, and swim ming over the main, the following items Immediately after the landing of the Fed erals, they went to work pillaging th houses of those who bad deserted them ant fled. Those who remained they did no disturb, many of whom professed to b Unionists, among them this informant. 13 pretending to be a staunob Union man, h< managed to get information from the Fed eral officers that their intention is to la; Savannah and Charleston in ashes in les than thirty days; that they were expectinj the arrival of ten thoroughly iron ola< steamers, and thirty others partially iron clad, when they would immediately proceei to take both of these places. While our troops were withdrawing fron the island, and were preparing to remov their guns, information was communicatei to the blockading vessels at Fernandina b a fisherman, when one of the steamers im mediately started for Warsaw, and soon al ornlmr] nn^ onfprfl/1 fho hnpKft! LCI LUC UCCL mill UU wuv* vuwvkv? ?mv u*?mv The guns were mostly dismounted froui th batteries, and but few men were superic tending their removal. Previous to the arrival of the fleet a larg steamer appeared, bearing down to one c the batteries, with a French flag at hall mast; when within hailing distance sh lowered the French flag and ran up th Stars and Stripes, and ordered Col. Hollan to come on board, at the same time runnin out her guns. As soon as Col. H. got o board she immediately steered northward Savannah Republican. BQk, The Northern journals are now i nanimous in the testimony that there ar only six thousand prisoners in their hand surrendered by Buckner and taken in th neighborhood of Fort Donelson. The Fall of Fort Donelson. The following is the message of President Davis to Congress in relation to the surrender of Fort Donelson: Executive Department, March 11/62. To the Speaker of the House pf Representatives: I transmit herewith copies of saoh official reports as have been received at the War Department of the defence and fall of Fort Donelson." They will bo found incomplete and unsatisfactory. Instruction has been given upon the several points not made intelligible by the reports. It is not stated that reinforcements were at any time asked for, nor is it demonstrated to have been impossible to have saved the army by evnouating the position; nor is it known by what - ? ? - l I ?.i 3 means it was iouna practicame to wicnaraw a part of the garrison, leaving the remainder to surrender; nor upon what authority, or principle of action, the senior generals abandoned responsibility by transferring the command to a junior officer. In a former communication to Congress I presented the propriety of a suspension of jndgment in relation to the disaster of Fort Donelson until official reports could be > received. I regret that information now furnished is so defective. In the meantime, hopeful that satisfactory explanation may be made, I have directed, upon the exhibition made of the case as presented by i the senior generals, that they should be relieved from command, to await further ori ders, whenever a reliable judgment can be i rendered on the merits of the case, i . JEFFERSON DAVIS. ; The Damage to the Virginia.?From i passengers who reaohed the oity last night, : direct from Norfolk, we learn that the ram i of the "Virginia" was. damaged by her collision with the Ericosson, and that sh? reached the Navy Yard in a leaky condi' tion, caused by the wrenohing of her nose. i Of the hundreds of balls directed against ; the Virginia, and which actually struck I her, but one made the slightest impression - upon her iron side, and that one so slight , as to amount only to an indentation. The i shook of her collision with the Cumberi land was scarcely felt oa board, and no ill ; effect was experienced from the concussion I of her powerful armament.?Richmond i Examiner, IDA. 46^ The New York Tribune announces t the following : The town listens witjj delight to a rumor that President Lincoln has j declared his purpose to take the actual command of the army, and suppress the re ' bellion in Virginia without further delay. I The credit of planning the victories which has just saved us Kentucky and Tennessee j is justly recorded to him.. Whatever plao f of action upon the Potomac line will be finally adopted will undoubtedly be his.? ' The actual execution of it by the President in person would be a splendid success.? No man in the country could so awaken the enthusiasm and restore the confidence of the troops as he. v ?? rr i _ \t n r>_ 7. li:_i ' w iae Dionuia uuy uuvrt puunauu the following condensed statement of the 1 work done by the Merriuiac: i "Congress, (burnt,) 480 men, 50 guns; Cumberland, (sunk,) 360 men, 22 guns; 3 Minnesota, (riddled,) 550 men, 40 guns; Roanoke, (soared off,) 550 men, 40 gnns; > St. Lawrence, (peppered,) 480 men, 5C guns; gun-boats, (two or three disabled,) } 120 men, 6 guns; forts, (silenced), 200 ' men, 20 guns; Ericsson, 150 men, 2 gun3. Total?men, 2,890 ; guns, 230." r 0 The Heroic Buchanan.?The selfabnegating heroism of Capt Buchanan, ol 3 Maryland, commander of the Virginia in ^ the recent memorable conflict, will be gen erally appreciated when it is known thai his younger and favorite brother was pursei 0 of the frigate Congress, at which the fire of the Virginia was most pertinaciously di reoted, and is supposed to have perished 6 on board of her. o iibii Pood for our Soldiers. Editor op the Mobile Advertiser: Most of the reverses of the present war t have resulted from a want of foresight and timely action, and I beg leave, in this codd nection, to call attention to a matter of no q small importance bearing on the health t and eflSoieney of our troops. Experience, e for ages has abundantly proved that men d cannot keep healthy on meat and bread d alone; they must have vegetables, and the a question is, is a sufficient supply to be obi taioed?. : A large proportion of our gardeners a 1- round Mobile are ' in for the war," and if e is certain that a sufficient supply of vegej tables for the towo and the large body ol t troops near by cannot be grown in this vi< e cinity. y The planters in the interim *iave laboi e and land in abundance, and without seri ously incommoding themselves (now thai y cotton is not wanted) could supply all thai s is required. Potatoes, peas, oabbage, tur5 nips squashes, pumpkins, in short, any I wholesome vegetable would contribute great ly to health. Already there are some scatteri ing cases of scurvy and other diseases arising from too exolusive animal diet in oui a camps; and unless proper food is supplied, e there will be an increase of the affections d as warm weather advances, y Every nation of the earth has turned ife i- back c-n us, and I, for one, rejoice at it.? We now, for the first time, know that W *. have to fight this quarrel out single hande ded We have doable the strength neces i- sary to'win our liberty, if every man wih do bis duty, and tbe greater tne glory wnec e the deed is nobly done. The time has come if when a father should rather see his son. f- like the Spartan, brought back dead on hie e shield, than to remain at home dishonored, e Tbe history of this war shows that the d vast majority of our soldiers are not de> g stroyed by powder and ball, on the fieldf n of glory, but die ignoble deaths from camp [. diseases. In the Mexican wa? 30,000 ol our men?in the Crimean war 22,00( Englishmen and 03,000 Frenchmen?per i- ished, and except a small fraction, not frou e wounds, but from diseases, a large propor Is tion of which were attributable to impropei e i food. t If the men do not take oare of our bra?< boys, I know the women will. Feed them, cloche them, and give them gunpowder, and they will ask no favors of John Ball and Louis Napoleon. J. C. NOTT, , Medical Director, Army of Mobile. ? " ' ' b The Month. March is advancing?let as hasten its work. We copy some remarks of an itelligent and practical character, (says the Edgefield Advertiser,) and itlicise a point or two which it woold be well for ait to consider. It is not without reason that planters are called apon to gaard against the effects of a summer drouth this year.? They cannot be too careful in preparation or too watchful in caltivation. "This is the great month for oorn planting. We are inolined to think that no crop pays so poorely on thin land as oorn. Oar average corn crop is a very light affair.? Can we not improve upon it? Is not the *. ^ praotioe of ranniog over ah immense deal of ground for a few nubbins, a ruinous one, and would it not be the better policy to make a smaller area prodooe a larger crop ? Can it be done economically ? The frequent recurrence of summer droughts has made the corn crop a most uncertain one, and every body who does not luxuriate in bottom lands, has began to feel the necesity of looking oat for substitutes, or a change of culture. Subsoiling is deolared by some to be a sovereign pauaeeaj hat subsoiling is not;only, an expensive, but a tedious operation, aad not-likely to be adopted by people as long as land is cheap and abundant. Bat we can all do a little better, donbtlcss, than we do?let us try. ** Let us determine, by experiment, whether itJbe best to plant corn deep between the beds, or shallow; ichether more corn can be grown by crowding or by giving die tancefor sun and air to exert an influence J whether there ir anything in variety, aa being adapted to particular soils, or liable to attacks of insects; whether their is .any manure better tban cotton-seed for coro, at the same price. "But, do what you will, try to do it well When your gronnd is ready, not a bit too wet, wet your corn sod roll it in strong lime before you plant it if yon wish to / keep off the crows; drop four or fivegrains in the bill, aud cover carefully according to season and soil." Cow-Peas?To provide against a possible failure of cereals this year, every measure should be praotioed.' The cow-pea ia not to be overlooked in this point of view. On all spare land, whether poor or not, plant peas alone, four by foar j one working, or two at the most, will suffice them, and they bear much "better thus than with y. corn. Plant with corn also. The speckled pea is the best kind to plant alone. It begins ripening early and can be gathered throughout the summer; and this season, as but little cotton will be planted, the picking of peas can be regularly properly attended to Dont fail to pyrit extra patches of the speckled pea all over the country. If that kind cannot be proured, plant any kind you can getj and don't per, mit an acre of land to lie idle... If you , can't cultivate it yourself, by all means rent it to some neighbor who can. What , the people cannot work in corn, let them ! plant in peas. Many wheat fields may be ! thus planted after harvest. Confederate Appointments. 1 The Charleston Courier of yesterday ' says: ' Hon W. F. DeSaussure was yetferday appointed, by his Honor Judge Magrath, Confederate District Attorney for Richland District, and the Hon. B F. Perry, District Attorney for Greenville District. i WST The Charleston Mercury says General Pemberton has been assigned to the 5 military district of Sooth Carolina and * Georgia, in plaoe of General Lee, who has i been summoned to Richmond. I Vog* North Carolina has some fanny names for her regiments?for iostanoe the 'Herring Regiment," the "Persimon Reg iraent," the "Mackerel Regiment," and we suppose they will have the "Blackberry , Regiment" North Carolina is a great State and her people are a great people, either in or out of war.?Atlanta Commonwealth. The "Regimental" part of the above is all a lie, and the huckleberry and "gim me ohawtobaoker" State of Georgia need not go abroad to find a "Commonwealth" to poke fun at Milton Chronicle. Grow Beautiful.?Persons may outgrow disease, and become healthy by proper attention to the laws of their physical ' constitution. By moderate and daily exer. olse men may become active and strong in limb and musole. But to grow beautiful, how? Age dims the lastre of the eye, and pales the rose on beauty's cheek; white crowfeet, and farrows, and wrinkles, and ^ lost teeth, and gray hairs, aad bald head, ' and tottering limbs, and limping feet, most ' sadly mar the human form divine. Bat dim as the eye is, all pallid and shaken as may be the face of beanty, and frail and feeble that once strong, erect, and manly body, the immortal soul, just fledging its 1 2- I 1 L. WIDgS lor lis come m uenveii, may iwa out through those faded windows on the ' beautiful as the dewdrop of a summer's ' morning, as melting as the tears that glistens in affection's eye?by growing kindly, 1 by cultivating sympathy with all human kind; by cherishing forbearance towards * the follies and foibles of our race, and feeding day by day on that love to God and ' man which lifts as from the brate and make us a kin to angels. I __ ? ?! i Expression of Dress.?Women are , more like flowers than we think. In their i dress and adornment they express their natures as the flowers do in their petals and s colors. Some women are like modest dai sies and violets; they never look or feelbeti ter than when dressed in a morning wrap> per. Others are not themselves unless f they can flame oat in a gorgeous dress, like 1 the tulip or the blush rose. Who has not seen women just like white lilies? We t know several doable marigolds and pop pies. There are women fit only for velr vets, like tho dahlics; others are graceful and airy, like azales. Now and thenjou ) see hollyhocks and sunflowers, wjg&g *