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I r~~J I PUBLISHED OH TUESDAY AND FEIDAY. YOLUME 7 ~ YORKYILLE, S. (J., TUESDAY MORNING, MAY 21,1861. NUMBER 20.-5. 8fte BY GRIST & EAST, AT Two Dollars a year, in Advance. THREE COPIES, $5 25, 10 COPIES, SIS; g. And an Extra Copy to the person making a Club of B Ten?the money to be paid in Advance. i ADVERTISEMENTS Will be inserted at one Dollar persqunrn for the first, and Thirty-skven-a.nd-a-half Cents for each subsequent insertion (less than three months.) A Square consists of the space occupied by 10 lines of this size type ; 100 words, or one inch space. No Adveitisement considered less than a square. jy All Advertisements not having the numberof insertions marked on the margin, will bo continued until forbid and charged accordingly. Quarterly, Semi-Annual or Yearly contracts willbe made on liberal terms?the contracts, however, must in all cases be confined to the immediate business of tho firm or individualcontracting. 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Obituary Notices excetun? one square in length, will be charged for the overplus at regular advertising rates. /A .. ? ft (WW .... il ? wrupaai ^ For tnc Yorkvillc Enquirer. To the Volunteers from York District. Gallant Sirs ?In illustrating the necessity to the soldier for the spirit and practice of religion?this having been denominated as the essential and predominant element in the spirit which should prompt and control him?we proceed to assume and prove in the second place. 2. That it will be a safeguard against the sins to which the soldier are specially liable. As the first and last in this catalogue of sins, jealousy, and consequent bickering with one another, mav be mentioned. The selfishness of the human heart, and the martial ambition with which men, who take the sword and field are infected, are very apt to make each man peculiarly suspicious of his personal claims and rights. Hence, where there are many influences bearing upon those vested with authority, and where there is frequently ignorance as to the real merits of subordinate claimants, the honors of office and position are often awarded so as to excite the jealousies of those interA ested. The same is true on the part of K those who are in command; their official f action is often offensive to others, and, therefore, dissatisfaction and quarrels are the result. So, also, in the routine of military duties, there are temptations to collisions of feeling, because of the indolent, or shirking, or domineering, wishing to impose undue hardships upon others. In all these cases the humility and forbearance?a due regard to the feelings and rights of others and a consciencious sense of duty produced by religion, would be a preventive and rectifier. Again : Another sin prevalent among soldiers is gambling. For the alleged purposes of removing the tedium and ennui of camp-life, and giving employment to minds thirsting for excitement, as well as to accord with the habits and pander to the vitiated tastes of many, the gambling table is spread, and to it many of the unwary are enticed, and thus those, who at home would spurn the degrading, blighting, contemptible and immoral employment, are soon involved in the meshes of a vicious and fatal habit.? f Against this a fully developed moral firmness, strict religious scruples, and a proper reverence for the principles of the Gospel, are the only adequate protection, apart from that restraint and prohibition which a true and conscientious officer will ever impose upon his troops, as to this habit. Again: The violation of the eighth commandment is a prevalent sin amongst the military. Because of a sort of commonage ?feeling of an eqaal right to everything brought into camp?general scarcity of luxuries and sometimes of even conveniences, and a proncness on the part of some, to exercise undue and mischievous privileges, from a false notion that it is indicative of shrewdness or in defence of spirit, the rights of private property are too often violated by the appropriations of another's uoods and Dossesaions. So. too. in times of 17 & # " * # * war, when on uiarch or io gaining possession of an enemy's property, the spirit uf L undue appropriation to personal use, orwil1 ful and unnecessary destruction, which are M no other than theft and robbery, are too m common. As this is sinfulv it, of course, will be refrained from in proportion as the army is under religious restraints. Further. The spirit represented as es sential to the true soldier, is needful for defence against that other sin, of which war is said to bo a school, viz : profanity. "He swears like a trooper," is a common mode of describing great prof'aneness. This vice j is fashionable among soldiers, and is es-1 teemed by some of them, the badge of a gentleman. For a private to describe some feat of valorous daring, performed by himself, or give forth an expression of opinion j as to his enemy; or for an officer to give or- j ders, without interlarding their language j with oaths, would bo considered vulgar and j unmanly. The battle-field always resounds with blasphemies, and its ;;ir is filled with horrid oaths and imprecations. It is a shame and reproach to humanity, that men whose calling leads them to the very jaws of death, should delight in swearing and cursing ; and yet such is the fact, whether nn.Ik.ifntn fVin nnmilinr ntmnsnlmrn in aluiuuwuiv w j which the warrior moves, or to the example of desperadoes, who io everyarmy gain notoriety by their rashness and wickedness, and whom by a strange perversion of language, men call brave men and noble. As an eloquent living Divine has said, "That a pun} creature of the dust, born to-day and gone to-cuorrow, should have the audacity to pour contempt, by profanity, upon that glorious name which seraphs adore with rapture, is enough to astonish the heavens and convulse the earth. Yea, still more astonishing is that miracle of patience which endures the monsters, when one word would arm all nature against them ; make heaven terrible above them; the ground treaoherous beneath them; and hell ready to meet them at their coming. The magnitude of the sin cannot be exaggerated.? It is enough to make the blood curdle, to think of the name of God bandied about as the bauble and plaything of fools, to point a jest, to scorn obscenity, and to garnish a tale." And yet this very vice, so erroneous, so excuseless, is one to which to which the soldier is notoriously addicted. Nothing then but the power of religious sentiments and habits can enable the individual to resist what the multitude is infected with. I Tp the above, let it be added, that the militia system has been a stronghold of intemperance. Whether due to the previously formed habits of those who compose our armies, or to the call of stimulants occasioned by the exposure and irregularity of such a life, or to the fact that the troops live, much of the time, in the face of the enemy, and so, demand something to arouse their passions, or cause insensibility to their condition. Yet it is indisputably true, that intemperance controls, to an alarming extent, in such companies as can find access to the intoxicating beverage. As a specimen of what is common where the thing is permitted by the officers, it is said that "in one of the engagements of the Crimea, | the Russian soldiers were all 'as drunk as fiddlers' and fought like madmen. About five hundred prisoners were taken, all, almost too drunk to stand upright." And j from what is known of the camp carousals, j and even the battle fields of our country, perhaps our armies may be no exception upon the item of temperance. Now, no darkly drawn picture of the horrors and sin j of drunkenness, is needed from this pen. I rni * L?* - ?? iL - u J_. ? mat it Drmauzes toe uuuy, luiunmcs mu mind, dethrones reason, and depraves the soul, curses the family, and finally overwhelms the whole man with unutterable and irretrievable ruin, has been a thousauu times truthfully said. Ought not then the man who is tempted into its vortex, and liable to be victimized by its ravages, to be furnished with some armor of defence, and what is so good as the fear of God and a due sense of his responsibility ? The only other sin that is here signalized is the violation of the Sabbath. War and its accompaniments are subversive of the Sabbath. The sauctity of this day is profaned on every hand, either by dissipation aud revelry, or by marches, or drilling, or erecting fortifications, or collecting stores of provisions, and often even by battles fought, (of the last an example is found in cases of Waterloo and Inkerman). Unscrupulous and Godforgetting Officers have a most fearful accountability in this. It is no ordinary crime to cause men to violate one of the | Ten Commandments, to rob them of a day | to be devoted to holy rest and employments, i and open thus a floodgate of iniquity and I transgression, as Sabbath profanation always j proves itself to be. Dearly purchased is that military glory which is achieved by trampling upon the explicit commands of Jehovah, and secularizing Ilis huiy day.? It is here again that the tempted soul needs the guardianship and control of religion. This, gentlemen, is a brief portraiture of ? ? ? i i- _ - - ? -[__ those sins to which, under your present circumstances, you are peculiarly liable.? Strange as it may seem to you, yet the writer has more solicitude in your behalf, unless you are shielded by a Christian character, on account of these sins, than all other dangers known to him as your MENTOR. Letter to the "Enquirer'' Children. Camp Beauregard, S. C., "Wednesday, May 15th, 1861. | i Dear Children:?Voureditoraod friend keenly regrets that his being "off to the wars" has prevented an undisturbed weekly communion with you, through the Enquirer's "Children's Department." Some of you have kindly reminded him by letter, too, that, though absent,- he is not forgotten by the little folks; and this makes him all the more desirous of having a talk with you in some way. He has so many things to do that ho cannot write to all of you separately ; so he proposes to adopt this form of reply. Here then is the bargain: all of you write to your absent editor whenever the spirit moves you, Quaker-like ; and he ! will respond in priot. Will you agree to that? I would love to have you here with me ?a whole flock of you in your white gowns and bonnets, and linen round coats and pantaloons. For if you were to come to Sullivan's Island now, you would need to have your light garments and sweet summer looks on. Imagine, then, the molasses and cake-crumbs washed off your lips, the candy ofi' your fingers, your heads combed and all neat and tidy; and come take a walk with me along the beach. As we go up the eastern beach of Sulli-1 van's Island, we will have the ocean to our j right hand, stretching away, away, farther j than the eye can reach?much farther, for 1 it is nothing but ocean to England and France, which are 3000 miles away. The water never rests. It is always in motion. I The waves chase each other to the shore, and tumble over, aud break into foam upon the sand, and run off as far as they can, when they retreat to the ocean. As far as vou can see around you, you will observe little boats with sails, and steam-boats and large sail-ships, plying to and fro; some from the North, some from the South, some from Europe, bringing sugar, molasses, coffee, dry goods, &c., and carrying off cotton, rice and other articles to various parts of the world. I have counted 40 or f>0, large and small, visible at one time to the naked eye, at this place; and you can often see more from the battery, the sea shore pleasure grounds, of Charleston. But our enemy has here now a great big war-steamer with guns on it that will shoot balls as largo as your heads three or four milc3, to make the merchant-vessels cjuit going to and fro. So we may not have so many sails to give life and animation to the waters of our bay, after a little while. The next thiog you will be struck with, is the number of shells you will discover all about your feet. Here are some rough, J rri,?? 0r,?iio I HllilJJCU UUea. J. ucjr uic u^otci ouwiin. These prow iu beds, and look, a little dis! tance off, something like a long pile of small stones. They are planted this time of the year, in marshy places along the coast, where the high-tide covers them twice a day. The oysters eat meal and I know not what all; and multiply and grow very rapidly.? They are good to cat every month that has an "r" in it, they say. They are taken up, and carried in "oyster sloops" to Charleston, where they are worth about a dollar per bushel. I have seen some men crack them, as you would a hickory nut or walnut, and cat them alive. They have a "salty, slick| ish, sweetish" taste, when eaten iu th's way. I There are, also, clam shells, conques, star-tish, and many other kinds, along the ' beach. They are washed out from the sea j by the tide. As we walk aloDg you will gather up handsl'ull to take home with you. Perhaps you will get to see a porpoise. These lubberly creatures are sometimes as large as a mule. They breathe the air, although they live beneath the water just | like the whale. Every now and then they i put their noses out to get breath. Our vol; unteers occasionally amuse themselves by i shooting at them. Sharks are sometimes seen also. A\*c i have heard it said that a lady who was once i bathing in the surf here?as is a custom of ; summer?was caught by one, and carried i down, never to be seen any more. The other day some negroes, a-boating, caught a shark about eight feet long, and brought it ashore. It was a new sight to mauy of us. It was an ugly thing, with teeth sharp ??i??fcjxana should plaut no cotton for a year, she would get as much for the cotton crop she held over, as she would have got for two regular crop:. If in that lapsed year of cotton, she devoted her whole labor to the raising of grain, she would have quantities which would supply all the markets of the world, and close them against the North. If the blockade could be enforced, and her cotton could be confined to the South, no ultimate disaster would befall our section; while a ruinous competition in provision stuffs would be built up against the North. In no manner can the South be disastrously affected by this war; in every manner will the North be. The Home Journal Succumbs. This literary paper has succumbed to the as a knife, and a thick, tough, dark skin, almost as rough as a file. A grown shark is twenty feet long, or more; and can cut a man in twain at a stroke, if you give him a chance. I will now bid you good-bye for this time, though I have a great many more things to tell you. I hope to write to you again. ' YOUR EDITOR. fpsafliKttf jx&bf. Cur Resources for the War. A foolish idea prevails at the North that the South cannot raise her own provisions, and will starve outright if the war he kept up. The idea is born of Helper, and is only a type of a class of ideas on this subject by which the North is most industriously deluding itself. The Census tables show that the South raises more provisions per man than the North, and nearly as much as the great grain-growing region of the West. The statistics of the country also show that the Eastern manufacturing free States consume an enuivalent of all the surnlus Dro ~ " "1 ~ * ' ~ * r * ducts of the Western free States; and that the free-labor North, taken as a unit, exports little or nothing abroad. The gold of California and about twenty five millions of miscellaneous truck constitute the sum total of Northern exportations of Northern growth and production. The surplus provisions of the Western free States are nearly consumed by the Eastern manufacturing free States. The whole exports of the late Union, with the exceptions we have stated, went from tho South. If Western grain went off from New York, it was but little in excess of the quanities of Southern provisions sent to Northern manufacturers. It was liberated by virtue of the receipt of Southern provisions, and really represented only an export surplus furnished by the South. With the exceptions stated, the whole exportation of the late Union, amounting to over three hundred millions a year, went from the South, of which cotton alone furnished one hundred and ninetyone millions. Besides the three hundred millions sent by the South abroad, she sent also to the North about one hundred and fifty millions of dollars worth of produce, cotton furnishing of course the largest item of the amount. Considering the North as a forj eign country, the exports of the South, in j time of peace, are four hundred and fifty J millions a year. ' This is the largest exportation for the i ratio of population known in the commerce I of the world. If the surplus of its pro1 t -. i j nu ?< ? ' UUCtS sent auroau measure me neaii/u ui a ! country, then is the South, the number of J its population being considered, the wealthiest country in the world. Yetthe North deludes itself with the belief that the South is weak, poor, and on the point of starvation. A country purely agricultural; a country of prolific soil and almost prurient vegetation ; a country with the best organi ized system of labor on the globe; a J country exporting four hundred and fifty j millions of dollars worth of surplus products | a year; that country poor, weak and stinted j for food ! What follies and stupidities are sectional predjudice capable of leading a people into! This hallucination has its origin in the fact that many of the Southern planters j contiguous to the great rivers purchase I their corn and bacon. They purchase beI cause the same hand who would raise one I hundred and fifty dollars worth of corn i raises four hundred and fifty dollars worth j of cotton or sugar. The planter, therefore, i who purchases, and who increases to that ! extent the product of his cotton or sugar I 1- IoK.M. > crup, Ueany UUUUica tuc vaiuc ui Lut invvi ! Lc employs in the substitution. But how fallacious is the inference, that I because a few Southern planters, on the ! great highways, purchase corn and bacon, j therefore the whole South will starve, if cut ; off from trade with the pork and corn raisj iog States of the Union! The very fact of j war, and isolation from these latter States, ' at once makes the South the grandest provision-growing region in the world. The i very moment her sales of cotton are check! ed, that moment does she turn her unex' ampled productive energies to the cultiva| tion of provision stuffs; and from being an exporter of cotton, sugar, tobacco, rice, and naval stores, she becomes even a greater grain-producingrcgion than the great NorthI west herself. At any moment she chouses ! ?such is the advantage which her labor j system gives her?she can drive the North! west out of the markets of the world. j In this aspect of the case, the blockade of the South will prove as serviceable to her ! as prejudicial to the North. If the South outside pressure of the New York rabble, and now deserves to be universally repulsed at the South. The Edgefield Advertiser was recently taken to task for insinuating that there was the least indication of a lack of independence in that quarter; and, fearing oursurmise mightbe unjust, wo promptly made the amende honorable. But we find in the last number of the Journal a paragraph which is not only a pandering to the North but an insult to the South. If the editors could be supposed to know what they are talking about, we should pronounce t.heir assertions f which we italicised sheer mendacity. As it is, the inquiry forces itself upon us, what could have super-induced the amazing stupidity that dictated suoh a statement ? Here it is: "The young lady who sends us the agreeable letter from which the following extracts are taken, is under a very natural illusion as to who would be the majority of her "patients," should she officiate as "Florence Nightingale" to the opposing army. To her glowing imagination that army is composed entirely of such "Southerners" as she has danced with in New York, or passed the season with at Newport and Saratoga, lint very different classes are the "clay-catcrs" and "alligatorsthe "crackers" and other "white trash" (as they themselves call them,) who form the main bulk and body of the common soldiery. Iler former friends arc but the few officers and leading men, who have had the training and means of gentlemen ; and to such, as prisoner or wounded enemy, it will be pleasure to minister kindness and mercy. But the lower grades are scarcely human?so much more degraded than any class with which any lady is likely to have nnmn in Knntnof. t.hfl nnrsinf? of thcni VUUJVs *M VWMM.VJ " C " would be indeed a duty misplaced." Women of the South ! whose husbands, brothers, fathers, sons, and cousins, are to be found throughout the ranks here vilified ! will you tolerate a paper in your parlors that thus wantonly attempts to traduce our Southern soldiery ? Gen. Morris and Col. Willis may sneer as they list; it is nevertheless true that there are thousands of our soldiers who are their equals in manhood, honor, patriotism, piety, generosity, valor ?in every thing indeed, unless it be their long-practised crafts of gossipry and songmaking. ?Edgefield A dveriiser. The Two ArmieB. There are now about 48,000 Confederate troops under arms in Virginia, distributed as follows : Richmond, 10,000; Harper's Ferry 10,000; Alexandria, 3,000; Staunton, 2,000; Petersburg, 5,000; Fredericksburg, 3,000; and Norfolk, 10,000. These depots are all connected with each other by railroad. The whole number of troops volunteered in Virginia is 85,000. Of these, about 40,000 are now organized, : and the military council is rapidly organi twin.* fhn hnldnnp. fin d will have them in , tho Celd in the course of a week. There are in and around Washington something like 30,000 men?at least arrangements have been provided for that many, and the correspondent of the N. Y. Times says that this is all that will be allowed at that station at one time. There are a few thousand federal troops at other stations, and on their way to various poiuts. It cannot be expected that two such large armies can long remain idle, or without a collision. If the soil of Virginia is invaded, as tho latest Richmond papers intimate, we may lojk for a collision at any moment.? Columbia Guardian. Land Measure.?Oue acre is compris. oft in *>0,9 .t.ft {not. square: half an acre in ^ " vw ~ ~ ?- ?I / 147a foot square; fourth of an aero in 1051 feet square; an eighth of au acre in 732 feet square. Every farujer, by observing this rule, can set oft any of these quantities of ground accurately without trouble. A bad mistake often turns cut better than a good intention.