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... : ' W , . fi ** . C'': ' ' '* v \g h ' .. ? . . r. i ' ' lewis m. geist, proprietor. | An Independent Journal: For the Promotion of the Political, Social, Agricultural and Commercial Interests of the South.- *2 per ahhtjm ie advabce. VOL. 6. YORKVILLE, S. C., THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 39, I860. NO. 48. ____ M Original Jjfletrg. Written for the Yorkville Enquirer. TO CELESTIA. BT H. M. C. What tho' another's tones may thrill That ? itle soul of thine; What tho another's love may fill That breast?too pure for "mine ; What tho' our future paths must part, And thou another's be; Can'st thou not keep within thy heart One little place for ine ? Some inner spot?'tis all I ask? A corner of that breast, Where in thy Friendship I may bask; And feel that I am blest. Then, let those hearts, that love me now, Grow cold, aud friends be few, I'll tarn to thee, and feel that thou Canst never be untrue. The Retreat, Richland, S. C., Nov. 6th. Cje Jtetos of % gag. From the Southern Quardian. AN APPEAL TO THE SOUTH. NO. I. Whenever any measures are taken which involve the vital interests of the community in which I live, I speak out my opinions upon them, little thiokiog, and as little caring, whether in man's judgment they become my place and calling or not. This I have done repeatedly; and I have generally received for my pains unmerited reproof at first, and over-merited thanksgiving H last. So it may be in this instance. South Caroliua will certainly secede from the Union in a few mouths. Upon this momentous step haog issues of unspeakable importance and interminable consequences. This she knows full well; for her leading men are not all fools and desperadoes, as some would have the world believe they are. A faithful portraiture of their character would be rather too complimentary for their taste, and quite too sentimental for this stolid, calculating age, in which the talk of "pledging lives, and fortune, and sacred honor," in defence of right, is regarded as ridiculous romance. There is a something in them, I grant, that has made them the most relentless people under the dealings of the General Government towards the South, of any people iu the Union; but never have tbey manifested discontent without a sufficient cause. It may be the streak of French that is in them ; it may be the Revolutionary spirit not yet extinguished within them ; and it may be peculiar endearment to their State institutions. When I enter their legislative halls, and notice the dignity, the gravity, the order, the comity in debate, and the res pecttui oDeaience yieiaea to tne presiding officers, and go thence to the halls of Congress, and see the tumult which pre- j vails there, I glory in my just adopted State, and blush for the United States.?; When I Renter their courts of justice, and observe the like dignity, gravity, order, comity and obedience there?see with what independence and impartiality justice is administered?particularly the criminal justice of the commonwealth, now almost lost in the Southern States?I do not wonder that they are tinged with a little more than ordinary State pride. Wheu I consider their openhanded liberality in erecting public buildings, building railroads, supporting schools, colleges, asylums, and other valuable and benevolent institutions; ana remeuiDer tne onerous ourden ot taxation which they have to endure to accomplish these ends, and the uncomplaining promptness with which they shoulder this burden?I say to myself, "verily, citizens of South Carolina, ye are a peculiar people iD this great Republic, and worthy of something better than blame !" But these are not all?they are a religioxis people.? Look into all her qhurches on the Sabbath day ! They are all crowded ; new ones are going up, old ones are being enlarged, and for about one hundred and sixty days union prayer meetings have been held in the capital of the State, begun and prosecuted with no eye to the existing perils of the country. When I consider all these things, I exclaim : "Well mayest thou, gallant, noble, generous, pious State, fire at every encroachment upon thy rights; for when they are gone, will you have lost more than any other State ever lost without a fault!? From my soul I excuse thee for thy growing impatieoce at every new aggression upon thy prerogatives?thine honor, and thy peculiar institution." This is the State which has determined to withdraw from the Union, let the con sequences be what they may, rather than submit to Black Republican rule. She will triumph. I do not say that she will not have to go through tribulation. That is one of the passports to a distinguished place in Heaven, and consequently no cer-! tain sign of error. Two shots have been fired at her already from the press of a neighboring Scate, and many more will come from quarters where she had a right to expect neutrality, if not sympathy and praise. But no matter; let her bpar them unmurmuringly; aod, without retort, move right ahead, in solid column, as she does move, and will move in an atmosphere of prayer, asking no help, but receiving it thankfully, and she will triumph gloriously. I feel it through all the fibres of my nature that she will triumph gloriously. The ravages of seventy years have left me but little physical strength, but what remains is at her service. The evening haze is gathering on my mind, but there is light enough left to beacon other States to her help, and to this end I now begin to use it. But, to secure readers, I must say but little at a time. I therefore close, for the present, with an earnest request that the Southern press give my brief articles a general circulation, for the sake of an old man who has done the South some service. NO. II. When the Abolition cloud was no; big- I ger than a man's hand, I predicted its pro- i gress, its expansion and its desolating burst, i with almost as much accuracy as if I had i been inspired ; and I suggested a mode by i which it might be dissipated, and its ravages prevented. Old men in Georgia know this to be true?indeed, it is of record among the literary rubbish of that State. I mention it not in boasting, but in the hope that it will add some little weight to all that is prophetic in what follows. Upon the action of the cotton-growing States between now and the fourth of March hangs their destiny for weal or for woe forever. If they will quit the Union now in a body, while the times are the most propitious to the movement they ever had, or ever will have, they will be a great, rich and happy people. If they let this opportunity slip?if they suffer themselves to be lulled into security by the fair promises of Lincoln, by the thread-bare rhetoric upon "the glorious Union," or by anything else?they are a ruined people, and the worst ruined people who have ever trod this earth since the sacking of Jerusalem. Come near me, s plain, honest farmers, mechanics, laborers j and young men, and let us talk over this matier candidly, prayerfully, and with a sole eye to truth and our country's good. And the better to accomplish these ends, dismiss < from your minds all those glowing harangues under which you have wept and shouted i and voted; and listen to a little plain com- ' I mon sense, which you can understand per i fectly, remember, and use for the benefit of I your children and neighbors. And I here make a moststartliug assertiou, upon which reserve your judgmeut until you hear my i reasons for it. it is this : if Lincoln would pledge himself under oath, and I were sure he would keep his oath, to enforce the fu < gitive slave laws to the letter?if all the i people of the Northern States would not i only vow to repeal their anti-slavery codes, I but actually do it, and pledge themselves to ' allow your servants to accompany you i through all the States without a whisper to 1 decoy them from you?as I hope to be saved, I I would not stay in this Union one hour 1 longer than I could get out of it! And i now for my reasons : they would keep their vows, (we suppose that,) but they would be ; exactly the same people they are now? [ they would hate you, and hate slavery, as * ' much as they do now: a little more, if you extorted these concessions from the love of > your cottou, rice, sugar and tobacco; and ; their childreu would be exactly what they ; are now Let me put a case to you. But ^ first, let me draw a moral from your sur- i prise, which ought to alarm you, and im- < prove you. I only suppose the Northern j President and Northern people to do what < all Presidents and all people did for thirty ; years after the Government was established i ?respect the Constitution I only sup- I posed you to give them an acquittance for i all the past, upou their assurance that they ; will observe the law on a single point for i the future; and it amazed you that for this great loon I would not yoke myself to them i indissolubly, as you would do joyously.? Oh, my countrymen, have you reached this I point, while your wives and daughters arc hallowing the grounds and consecrating the ' tomb of Washington ? Have the once i called "chivalry of the South" sunk so low i before all of General Greene's children ] have passed away ! "But it would save the 1 Uniou." I tell you, men, the Union is no 1 uiore like it was, when I first-knew it, thau i a zephyr i3 like a tornado?than a Caligula I is like a Luther. But have you any hope of realizing the supposed case in a single i particular? You do not dream of it.? 1 Lincoln will give you some double-faced < promises to lull you, and gull you, and his supporters will dress them up in heavenly attributes?this is all you may expect. He I cannot even give you encouraging promises j without belying himself. But he is not the I i thing to be feared j it is the power that i i pushed him up, and will pull him down if * he dare to resist it. But to my case : Sup- < pose I should ask which you would prefer, < to live under an absolute despotism of one 1 man, or an absolute despotism of ten thous I and men? You would instantly answer. 1 ' Of one man, without doubt He would i treat all his subjects alike. If he plundered, he would plunder all his subjects alike. 1 i If he were bad, we might chop off his head < and get a better; and if not assassinated, I i time would soon dispose of him. But the ] ten thousand would make all others tribu- I tarv to them and their neighbors. A little ' comparatively, would satisfy the rapacity of < one man, but millions upon millions would i not satisfy the ten thousand. If the one i should be inclined to butchery, his murders 11 must be limited to the ranee of his ac-1' 1 w I quaintance mainly. But the ten thousand 1 would butcher by whole communities, and < they would never die." Now, hencefor- '< ward, you are to be subjected to an absolute ' despotism, not of ten thousand, but of nine- ' [ teen millions, concerning whom there need 1 | be no "(/#;" for they have disclosed their I , character, their conduct, and their plans, t ! fully, fearlessly, and shamelessly. I The Republicans have all power in their 1 | hands, aud are under no restraint of laws, 1 j oath or conscience. They believe that to I abuse you, persecute you, plunder you, tax | you, degrade you, and force you to a con ! dition worse than all these put together, (better conceived than printed,) is doing 1 I God's service. Your fathers fought seven < j years to avoid taxation without representa- 1 tion. You will remain a hundred years 1 i under taxation without representation ; for 1 your representatives will be no better than 1 dead men in Congress. Your fathers would < uot endure a tax upon tea and paper; you 1 will have to endure a tax on everything; ' and only to glorify your masters, and strengthen your bonds. At the footstool of a Nero you would have a hearing; by flat- ' tering him, you would receive largesses from him; but you will reoeive no hearing, ; no cruras from your masters. Is this fancy? > No, I take it all from the lips and acts of < the Republicans themselves. To their < praise, be it spoken, that they are opeo and ! frank in the avowal of their purpose, and j in their efforts to accomplish it. Herein! they are better than Phillip. Weencour-: ige thetn by apathy and bounties; and here-! in we are worse than tho Athenians. i I NO. III. I have shown you, peoplo of the South, what you have to expect from the Union in the future. Let me now inquire of you. why you desire a longer continuance in it? Do you deem it any honor to be associated with a people who have no respect for you ?nay, who hold you in sovereign contempt ? They have pushed aside your Gospel ministers to make way for negroes. They have twitted, insulted and bullied your members of Congress. They have abused every President who respected your rights, and every court that does not acknowledge the negro to be the equal of the white man.? They have done e ery thing that detesta-i r w 7 fitCilriin r?rmlii ctirrir.*>ct tr\ hum hi* you in the eyes of the world. 13y your self- J respect, by your pride, by ^.mr honor, then, j I ask you, why do you desire to fasten your- i selves to this body of death any longer ?? Do you .say, "for reverence of our fathers' j legacy; for the glory of our great and j widely extended country; and for the' perpetuity of our admirable form of gov-j eminent ?" If you mean by "our fathers'j legacy" the Constitution, they have de-1 nouoced that with baptized lips, in terras i too profane to be repeated, and they have thrown its tattered fragments in your teeth. Who gave your country its vast extent ?? Virginia, a Virginian, and Southern arms. How much do you own of it? You tried to plant your feet upon a strip of it, and! you were driven from it. by urras subscribed ! for in the house of God, by women, preach- j ers, professors and students. And when j the high captain of this new fangled commissariat turned his bloody arms from the! laud ot purchase to the land of the purchaser, they gloried at the alarms he spreud araong women and children?did all they could to save his neck, placed his name in j the roll of martyrs, and consecrated the day: of his execution. How much of the "glory" of the country do you share? Most of it belongs to you and your sires by rights, but ^ c en 4.1- _ ^ i.u 1 A you gei none 01 it .-in mat irie worio knows of you, is from the reports of your enemies, aod they debase you. If you would throw off your servility, and assume * national character, the world would knowj you, court you, fear you, respect you; but j you have clung to the rotten Union until1 you have almost become a stench iu the; nostrils of the world. Do you know the true secret of Liucoln's ovewrheliuitig ma iorities? I can tell it to you. Your speakers went to the North, and set up the old i yell, that the Union was in danger. It; nauseated the Democrats, and inspirited j the Republicans. None of theiu believed ; that there was either truth or courage in! you, and they determined to prove it. lhey meant to hold you up to the eyes of the world as specimens of slaveholding verity md valor. The Democrats, who had al-' ways stood by you, knew that they would; keep down the Abolitionists if the South j would prove to them, by some unequivocal ict, her determination to dissolve the Un ion, or to maintain her rights With every threatened aggression they warned the people of its danger to the Uuion?said it) was grossly unjust, or unconstitutional, and I that tue South could not and would not sub-! Luit to it. It came, and the South blus-1 tered a little, and did submit to it. They (the i Democrats) became ridiculous to their opponents, and lost confidence with the people. Df course they waned with every recurrence jf these circumstances, until they expired * to rise n > more. They regard you as the j authors of their overthrow, and they feel j towards you accordingly. You have, then,! no friends at the North, aud millions of j bitter enemies. Why do you wish to con-1 Liiiue the connection ? Your enemies will | ioon have every thing their own way. You I cannot reach theiu through tlie ballot-box. jr in any other way ; but they can and will reach you with a whip of scorpions. You have thetu for once uudcr alarms, (thanks be to much-abused little South Carolina for it,) but you will never alarm them again. For several years to come their whole aim will be to place you where you dare not dissolve the Union. When they have you hampered securely, then comes the longpromised visitation, with horrors unknown ! this side of perdition. Let me not be misanderstood. I cannot promise you an easy, juiet, retreat from the Union. This breakng up of governments is a critical thing; t is apt to be attended with much trouble. [Jut I can promise you much less trouble . ;han you will endure to remaiu iri the Unod. This trouble is certain?it is foreardaiDed. The other is contingent. So far is I can see, if the Southern States will nove off in a body, with one heart and oue niod, there would be no trouble at all. It would be the most peaceful, quiet, bloodess revolution that ever was wrought; but ;he history of revolutions leads me to disgust my own judgment here. As to the whipping threatened, only keep Sumner off, ;hat's all we ask. A. 1J. Lonustreet. The A avy.?rue +\ew 1 one /icra/a on Monday says: "We learn from reliable sources that a ,-ery great excitement prevails among the jfficers of the navy in consequence of the present state of affairs at the South, and hat so adverse are they to a collision with ;heir fellow-citizens in that quarter, that :here will be an almost universal resignaiou of their commissions as soon as hostili:ies break out. They will not imbrue their lands in the blood of their brethren." 6?** North Carolina Legislature assernoled on the 19th inst. W. T Lortch, of Wayne, was elected Speaker of the House, xud E. C'antwell, the Clerk. In tho Senile, Col. II. T. Clark, of Edgecome, was elected Speaker, and J. W. Alspaugh, the Clerk. A BURST OF ELOQUENCE. The Charleston Mercury contains the report of the following eloquent paragraph of a speech, made by the Hon. L. M. Keitt in reply to a serenade given him recently by the citizens of that city: ?'The State of South Carolina is pledged by every solemu obligation to take this step. A few weeks ago they elected their legislators upon the very issue now presented to them. It might not have been made in so many words, but that issue was foreshadowed from every one, and every man was influenced by it. That Legislature, by a unanimous vote, elected upon the issue of tho election of Lincoln, and the action of the State in pursuance thereof, unanimously recommended the State to secede from the Federal Union. For her to do otherwise is to retrace, in the very sight of the foe, the i . i r i a i__ mi i. step sne cook a rew snore weens ago. j.uat she never would do, nor could she do it without ignominy, and he never would believe that the people of this State will belie themselves, or sully its bright escutchion. From the mountains to the seaboard comes the cheering cry of State sovereignty, and all her children are ready to gather under it. He might say for his own District, that out of her 1 GOO votes not a single one would be given for submission. (Three cheers for Orangeburg.) She has been true to the State and the honor of the State in every exigency. Every foot of her soil was ploughed u p during the Revolution by the foreign foe, and it was within her limits that a Carolina matron gave the fire to burn down her own house, and said : "Though I go homeless and houseless, yet I give you the arrow, to burn it that liberty may spring from the ashes and ruin of my home."? And Barnwell, the Congressional District of Harwell, bearing a bright historic fame and gallant people, will send up one unbroken column; and Beaufort, with the counsels of the mighty dead deposited in her; with the stirring voice of the noble and ? i> 11 living JJillllWUII IU uuuci uci uu, auu VTI til llhett, whose whole life has illustrated Southern statesmanship, without a flaw ; and Colcock, who threw off like a firebrand the robes of Federal office; old Beaufort will come to you, and with one bugle blast of defiance, will stand with every man to your back. And Colleton, with her noble territory of proud citizens?rememberiog William Lowndes, of whom it was well said that when he rose to argue, it was reason stood by and spoke for him; old Colletou mindful of Win. Lowndes, she too will swell the column, and leave Dot a single laggard soil behind. And their owo proud city, to save which from a foreign foe, and from eternal dishonor, the arm of every son of the State would be gladly extended, their own city comes up like one man, to redeem the honor of the State, and to aehieve the independedce of the South. And old Fee Dee, every single inch of whose soil is hallowed by the memories of Mnrinn. stnd whir-.h friivo. him so manv dauntless soldiers?old Pee Dee, upholding the memories of the past, now marches with a double quickstep under the Palmetto banner, and every son will be round it when they are needed So, to, with the whole up-country His old colleague, Col. Orr, with whom he had set for six years side by side in Congress, was now ready to go as far as the farthest in defence of Southern honor, lie stated the other night in Columbia that South Carolina could not avoid resistance without dishonor. And the men of the mountains would heed his voice, for they never had a truer representative. We come then a unit in the prosecution of this great cause. We go before history and stand before the tribunal of public opinion with a violated Constitution in one hand, and our sacred liberties rescued from pollution in the other. We have a sacred cause. We are about to break up this Union. The time for Union saving is past; the time for compromises is past. Nothing, aye nothing except the withdrawal of this State from the Union which has become accursed, will do. We so with a strong test before the tribu nal of history. Our fathers built up this country. John Ilutledge, of South Carolina, did more than any man to achieve our liberties, save George Washington ; and old Christopher Gadsden?another South Carolinian?initiated the great movement. Marion and Sumter kept the fires of our liberty burning while in danger of going out in darkness and gloom. Our second war was carried through by Carolina statesmen. We have built up this government from cornerstone to turret, and now wo mean to tear it down from the foundation to turret. Why? history will ask us. ft is because it has been made by Black .Republican fanaticism a hostile government in our midst. Its powers are about to pass into the hands of a sectional majority, which majority declares slavery shall die, and they will put the sceptre of power in the hands of a man who has said that the Northern mind has been right because it believed that slavery was in process of extinction. It is because the Government it about to pass into the hands of a man hostile to the great interests of the South that we are about to tear down this Union." Letter from Gov. Letciier, of Virginia.?Richmond, Va., Nov. 21.?The Richmond Enquirer, of this morning, publishes an important letter from Governor Letcher, of Virginia, in reply to John S. Rrisbin, of Pennsylvania, who had previously written to the Governor, ridiculing the idea of secession, and stating that two hundred Virginians had tendered him their command in the event of dissolution, &c.? The Governor, in his reply to Mr. Brisbin, administers a severe rebuke to Nothern nullification, and shows that the dereliction on the part of the North is the prime cause of our present troubles. He advises the Northern people to correct public sentiment at home and to dis charge their Constitutional obligations.? He also indicates, in this letter, a determi- i nation to defend the State, and stand as an armed mediator between the Southern States and their assailants, come from what quarter they may. The letter has created : a profound sensation here. < THE CONVENTION. To the Editor of the Charleston Mercury: ^ That the Convention of the people of South Carolina, called to assemble on the 17th December, will sever the connection ( ef this State with the present Federal Union, is "a foregone conclusion." Of the f one hundred and seventy delegates to be ( elected, it is probable that not one will { stand uncommitted on the question of Se cession. The secession of South Uarolina | in the shortest time practicable after the ( meeting of the Convention, is a point set- , tied. Such was the understanding of the members of the Legislature in voting the Convention, and such, unquestionably, is < the will of the people. In this matter, the Convention meets practically, not to deliberate, but to act.? It will but register an edict which the real, actual people will have pronounced already through the ballot box. If this were the only business of the Convention, a seat in that body would be merely an honorary distinction. But the Convention must do much more than this. It must adapt our State Government to the uew order of things. South Carolina must be prepared, for a time at least, to sustain herse'f as a separate nationality. Some change in the Constitution of the State is necessary for this purpose. How much of change, and what shall be the change, are delicate questions. It is not improbable that the same Convention may be called on to consider, if not to determine, what shall be the relation of South Carolina to other seceding States. Here would arise very many questious, as grave as any which could occupy the the minds of statesmen. To destroy is a simple process; to construct is far more difficult. Again : who can foresee what offers of conciliation and compromise may not tbe made, from the North?what expostulations, persuasions, and proffers for mediation may not pour in upon us from some of our slaveholding sister States ? A Convention, too, according to the popular theory, is unlimited in its powers, and may fancy to exercise those powers in regard to matters not dreamed of by the actual, real people who choose the idelegates. The men who constitute the Convention should understand as well what not to do, as what to do. It is manifest, then, that a seat iu this Convention is not a mere honorary distinction, or "reward of merit," to be conferred upon every favorite of the hour, according to the voter's personal preference. The first requisites for this?as for every other post of high responsibility?are the brave heart and honest purpose. But we want more than these. \Y e want Knowledge, experience, the suggestive mind, and sound judgment. We want wisdom and statesmanship. A body of one hundred and seventy men cannot be expected to consist altogether of wise men and statesmen, but each election district should endeavor to send her best. Let me add, that it is desirable not only that the delegates selected should be intrinsically the best, but they should be such as have the confidence, if possible, not only of their own constituency, but of the people of the State at large. And confidence, let me say, is not always the same thing with popularity?"far from being one, they have oft-times no connection." In selecting a pilot for a ship in a storm, about to pass among breakers, no man ever thinks of mere personal liking. Our ship of State is already tempest-tossed, and what breakers may be ahead none can foresee. She needs more than one pilot, and f r\ Krt mitnnA/] kn fknun n?kn no n ItJlJUlICo lU uc Luauucu uj tuucu n ii\j v^uu work Another consideration, subordinate to those mentioned, but still of a grave importance, is this : the men selected for the Convention should, some of them at least, present names associated beyond our own borders, either with the present position or the past history of South Carolina; and 1 the combination should be such as, at a 1 glance, to show that past differences are 1 forgotten, aud that the Secession Party of ( 18G0 is, literally and emphatically, the j State itself. ' If the people will but refleot upon the responsibilities of the Convention about to 1 be assembled, I have no fears as to the re- 1 suits. One of the People. 1 FROM WASHINGTON. We find the following special dispatches in the Charleston Mercury: Washington, November 22.?There , has been a great deal of discussion in the | Cabinet lately about the secession question, , but some compromise was to day agreed up- | on. What is the nature of this has not yet i transpired. The President, however, says ( that there will now be no dissolution of the ( Cabinet on account of the position taken in j his message. It seems that Secretary Floyd insisted that it was due to the country that | the views of the Cabinet on the subject of secession should be promulgated at once The President declines that the message I should be sent in advance to Richmond.? 1 It will be laid before Congress on the sec- i ond day of the session. i Gen. Jo. Lane has addressed a letter to the Breckinridge Club of New York, in i favor of secession. He takes the ground ] that the rights of the South have been men- .< aced and impaired, and its equality in the i Territories destroyed Dy the same North 1 which retains on its Statute Books nullify- I ing ordinances. He expresses his opinion, j that unless these wrongs are promptly rem- I edied, the dissolution of the Union cannot ! be averted. He denies the right of the Federal Government to use force in com- . peiiing the submission of a sovereign State I when its rights have been repeatedly in- i fringed, and equality has been refused to it. The Union, he argues, was not formed by force, and never can be sustained by force. Secretaries Cobb, Thompson, and Floyd, it is well understood here, hold views identical with those of Gen. Lane. Attorney-General Black has prepared a lenghty opinion on the right of secession? taking the negative position on the subject, which, it is believed, forms the basis of the Pres dent's Message on the subjeot, in addition to his usnal annual Message. The mbject was brought up in the Cabinet yesterday, and the Southern members dissented from the others as to the legal view assumed by Attorney-General Black. The Constitution newspaper is out this morning in an article calling upon Lincoln ind Hamlin to resign, as the only means of preserving the integrity of the Union. mi . ? i. tt i n, . m j.ne receipts id tne unuea states .treasury for the past week have been upwards of 81,400,000?mostly the proceeds of the new ten million loan. Two millions of dollars of the loan, due to-day, have Dot been paid in. It is understood that many of the contractors will forfeit their contracts. The President has repeatedly expressed himself as opposed to the secession movement. He believes that before revolutiontionary measures are resorted to, every le gal and constitutional remedy 0'iL'ht fo tc exhausted. FROM VIRGINIA. Richmond, November 4. To Mr. Edmund R tiffin, Columbia, S. C. : * * * * Urge the South Carolinians to go ahead, and go out entirely. Set up a free trade Government, and in one year every house and lot in Charleston will double; property will follow her resistance. ol - 111 ].l _ i ?C it. one win uuuuuut tut: traue ui tuc wuuic ui her border States, and will become Metropolitan in every thing. * * * * The course of the citizens of Savannah is dictated simply because they see that a free port at Charleston would absorb every thing in all the Southern Atlantic slopo. Tell the Carolinians that Virginia volunteers will cover their soil entire, if they are needed. This will be disclosed very soon. The sentiments of our people are changing rapidly, but it will not be up to the proper mark in time to do any good, but no fear of coercion need be entertained. Minute Men are being organized, I see, in various directions, and public meetiogs are called in Amelia, Augusta, Halifax, Louisa, and there will be many more, I should think Three times three cheers for the Palmettt State! The man who throws up the cap of defiance is always a good and true Inari when a State defies danger, and for .vh< sake of her civilization and the religion ol the Bible, refuses to be governed by fanat ics; and although her associates, palsied with fear, reach the point of submission tc any degradation, yet with the love of hei own honor, and in the fear of God, withoul hesitation strikes the blow that severs the chord which enchains them all, and makes them like herself, free?such a State is no looger an equal. She has placed upon her the crown of supremacy. South Carolina is the Empire State of the South?the Captain-General of Resistance. She is the master throughout our country, at least in Southern Confederation without a rival.? Tell the people everywhere that no sort oi harm can befal them ; the storm is all over: the cry about stocks and money is a ruse oi the enemy. If England takes the alarm and withdraws her capital from New York, as will certainly occur the moment a free port is offered in the South, the whole su perstructure of Northern commerce will tumble down. Men must see new questions in the altered circumstances, and surely no foreign manufacturer will send goods to New York at a duty oT 20 pet cent, for Southern consumption, when they can send them direct for nothing. But eDough. The blessings of the Supreme Ruler of events be upon you and upon the noblest and best of the American States. Virginia?Proclamation op Gov. Letcher.?A proclamation from Governor Letcher, calling an extra sessioo of the Legislature, to meet on the 7th of January next, is published. He gives, as one of the reasons for this action, the sale of the James River and Kanawha Canal to a company of French capitalists, which requires the sanction of the Legislature to be rendered perfect. The next reason we give in his own words: "And whereas, in consequence of the appointment of electors, a majority of whom are known to be favorable to the election of sectional candidates as President and Vice-President of the United States, whose principles and views are believed by a larnro nnrtinn nf the Southern States to be ?e- r id direct hostility to their Constitutional rights and interests, and in consequence thereof great excitement prevails in the public mind, and prudence requires that the representatives of the people of this Commonwealth should take into consideration the condition of public affairs, and determine calmly and wisely what actiou is necessary in this emergency?I, John Letcher, Governor, by virtue of the authority aforesaid," &c. Proclamation of Gov. Pettus of Mississippi.?The following is the proclamation issued by Gov. Pettus, of Mississippi, calling an extra session of the Legislature of that State: Whereas, the people of the non-slaveholding States have, in various forms, declared purposes hostile to the institutions of the slaveholding States, and the State Governments of nearly all the Northern States tiave evinced a settled purpose to evade their constitutional obligations and disregard their oaths in carrying on this war on the rights and institutions of the Southern States. And whereas, the recent election of Messrs. Lincoln and Hamlin demonstrates that those who neither reverence the Constitution, obey the laws, nor regard their oaths, have now the power to elect to the highest offices in this Confederacy, men who sympathize with them in all their mad zeal to destroy the peace, property and prosperity of the Southern section, and who will use the powers of the Federal Govern ment to defeat all the purposes for which it was formed; and whereas, the dearest rights of the people depend for protection, under our Constitution, on the fidelity to their oaths of those who administer the Government. Now, therefore, that the State of Missis sippi may be enabled to take into cooside ration the propriety and necessity of pro viding surer and better safeguarda for the lives, liberties and property of her oitizem than have been found, or are to be hopec for, in Black Republican oaths, I, John J. Pettus, Governor of the State of Mississippi, exercising the powers in me vested by the Constitution, do hereby con vene the Legislature of this State, and d< appoint Tdonday, tbe zotn aay or ivovem ber, inst., for the meeting of both House of the Legislature, at the Capitol in Jack son, the seat of Government of this State. In testimony whereof, I have hereunto se my hand, and caused the great seal o the State to be affixed, at the oity of Jack son, the 12th day of November, A. D 1860, and of the sovereignty of the Stat* of Mississippi the forty-fourth. JOHN J. PETTUS. C. A. Brougher, Secretary of State. North Carolina.?We are indebtei to a friend in Shelby for the full proceed ings of a meeting of the citizens of Cleve 'land county, held at that place, on the 12tl instant. The raeetiog was addressed b; Dr. W. J. T. Miller, Rev. Joseph Holmes Dr. Williams and others. At tbe close o ' the speaking, the following resolutions wen adopted: Resolved, That the election of Abe Lin coin to the Presidency should be the caus of immediate secession by all the alav* States. Rpanhipd. That we nnw inntrnct our Ren j -- - r i reseotativefi and Senator elect to the Legifi lature to use their utmost endeavors, sosooi - as they are organized, to pass a law requi , ring the citizens of this State to vote a i soon as may be practicable, on the propriet of the State's seceding from the Union. i Rev. Joseph Holmes closed the meetin with prayer. He prayed devoutly and fei i vently for Heaven's most propitious blef I sings on us, the South, and South Carolin . in particular, and our country generally. ) We have not seen the Message of Go; > Ellis. The Charlotte Bulletin of the 21f I says: } The Message recommends the calling c f a Convention of all the Southern State< and on the failure of the meeting of sue I Convention, it recommends the sending c ) Commissioners to each of the differec States, in order to effeot concert of actioc ? It also recommends the calling of a Con ! vention of this State. It suggests and re i commends that a reorganization of the mi i litia system should be at onoe effectedi that an amount sufficient to arm and equij 10,000 men be appropriated. i The portion of that Message referring t ! Federal Affairs was referred, on yesterday I to a joint select Committee. There will be a bill introduced to-da; r into tbe House for the purpose of removin] ; the present restrictions against the Bank " suspending. The rules will be suspended ; the bil will pass without any opposition, i Some of the banks have received instruc ions to suspend. TBOUBLES IN KANSAS. Washington, Nov. 21. The Goverment has official informatioi from Kansas, that the notorious Montgom ery, and others, have commenced operation in that Territory, by hanging and killinj pro-slavery men, and threatening to oompe an adjournment of the Government lane sales, advertised to take place in Deoembe: next. Previous to the reception of this in formation, letters have been received hen that Montgomery's force amounted to five hundred men, well supplied with arms anc ammunition, and other material aid ; anc that from time to time warlike supplies hav< beeo received by him from tbe North. Other writers from that Territory als< say that the demand to adjourn the lane sales had been resorted to as a mere pretexi for raising an armed force, and that the rea! lot?1 oflo AfcrflmVofinn to q wif V/? ? first on the froatiers of Missouri, and tber on Arkansas and Western Texas, in ordei to avenge the punishment of the Abolitioc emissaries in those border States. It appears that Governor Medary, who if now in this city, is well posted in regard tc Montgomery's plans and designs. Orders will be forthwith dispatched tc Kansas for moving the Federal troops tc such points as may be most necessary foi the protection of the people and the laod offices, as well as public property. Fort Scott has been named as one of the points likely to be invaded. It is also reported that Montgomery assumes the name of Abolitionist, in its full meaning of the term. Gen. Houston's Scheme.?A lettei rom Columbia, S. C , dated the 15th inBt.. ays: There is a strange rumor afloat here, anc as it is beginning to be talked of generally [ will relate it to you. It is to the effeci that Gen. Sam Houston, of Texas, is about embarking agaiu on the sea of excitement Reliable persons assert that be is bus; a work in Texas, getting up a ferment tha will Snail; overthrow and take possessior of the Republio of Mexioo, cut it np int< sovereign States, and then join the Southeri Confederac;. Cabinet Affaibs.? Washington, No vember 21.?It is understood that Attor ne; General Black, has prepared a length] opinion on the right of secession?taking the negative position on the subject, which i it is believed, will form the basis of the i President's Message oo the subject, in adI dition to bis usual auoual message. It if ; also believed that the subject was brought i up in the cabinet, yesterday, aod that the Southern members dissented from the oth? ; era as to the legal view assumed by Attor, ney General Black. Col. T. N Dawkins.?This gentleman ( was serenaded at the Wakler House by a large number of our citizens, on Tuesday eveoing last. In responding to the call made upou him, - he spoke eloquently of the wrongs which s the Sonth bad suffered in the Union,' and < said that the Constitution had been viola- ^ 1 ted to such an extent by our enemies of die ^ * Northern States that we could no longer rei main in a Governtr .it with them consistly i with oor owd honor and with a doe regard - for ouroherished institutions. He said he ) had always been a conservative man, and that bis present opinions had not been aif3 rived at hastily, bat were the resalt of ft calm reflection upon the gross violation, bj our enemies, of the solemn compact which t had been entered into at the formation of f our Confederacy. We should, therefore, - oo longer remain as inferiors in a Union . with them, but every principle of self-intere est, of justice, right and honor demanded. that we should act promptly in setting op a government for ourselves?Spartan, Georgia Electors.?On Tuesdays the Governor of Georgia sent in a special mea sage to the Legislature in reference to the * - election of electors for the Presidency and 3 Vice-Presidency of the United States, and 7 was taken up and read. The message rei commends that Georgia shall not vote in f this election. e On Wednesday, however, we peroeivo that a resolution was adopted in the Senate - to hold the election on to-day, 24th instant. ^ Guardian. e gmmmammmmmgmmm Attitude op Persons Killed- by Lightning.?"That which particularly characterizes the effects of lightning," 0 writes M. Boudin, is its suddenness. At 1 one time, the individual is killed dead on 8 the spot, remaining in a sitting poeture, or ? even on horsebaok. At another time he la thrown a long distance. The first mention S made of this kind of death, is in the history of Alexander. "Daring a dreadful tempest," says Qaintus Curtis, "which dea stroyed a thousand men, some were found suppi-ted against trees, as if still alive and talking with eaoh other, and just in the at>l titude in which death had surprised them." According to Cardan, as quoted by Riviere, eight reapers taking their food under ' an oak, were struok by lightning and died, ^ preserving their attitude?one of a. man ea^ ting, another drinking. In Lorraio^.a wol( man and one of her childreo were killed, 1 and remained io a sitting posiureJ^ At '* Dover, a man killed with four horses-Was ' found sitting under a bush. A tQ&Q cf laV at Troyes was killed by lightning when oq horseback; the animal still continuing his P journey, brought home his dead master, retaining the posture of a man rob horse0 back. On the 11th of July, 1826, at ' Chateauoeuf, three fire balls fell pn~ the " church. Nine persons were killed, and3^^.* ? eighty-two wounded. All the dogs found 2 in the church were killed, and retained the* 8 attitude which they previously had.1''On January 22d, 1849, a goat was killed near Clermont, and found sitting upon his'higd- i quarters with a branch of green leavesigr his mouth. Now, this phenomenon is ^ sometimes equally observed in persons kil-^T led by fire-arms. In the Morning Heraljl, '* of November 8, 1854, the following details .I are given of a visit to the field of InkaDj^T ? 3 man, immediately after the combat:-? ^ "Many faces seemed to smile, others had JK' ' ? threatening look; some bodies had a fune- * j ral pose, as though laid out by friendly j bands; others still knelt upon the ground, convulsively grasping their weapons, and r biting their cartridges. Many had their arms raised as if endeavoring to ward off a ' blow, or as if desiring to offer a last prayer. : All tbeir faces were pale, and the fieree blowing wind seemed to animate tbeir dead bodies; one would have said that these ' long lines of the dead were about to rise to recommence the struggle." M.' Boudin | writes the same thing of the appearance t of many of tho Russians after the battle of I the Alma: "Some seemed still writhing I in the agonies of despair aod death, but the most wore a look of calm resignation. Some appeared to have words floating on their lips, and a smile as in a sort of high*; beatitude. One was particularly observed, his knees bent, his bands raised and join^ ' ed, his head thrown back, murmuring his ' supreme prayer." At Magenta, again, many dead bodies, as we are informed by Sergeant Major Armand, of the Army of Italy, maintained thd attitude they bad I when struck, passing instantaneously from life to death, without agony or convulsion. A Zouave, struck point blank in the chest, still held his bayonet in the position of the charge, with the menacing aspect of a dead lion. His Majesty, the Emperor, is said to have remarked a similar case at Paleatro. Near to the Zouave was an Austrian, f dead from hemorrhage.? His face and eyes were turned to heaven, his hands joined, and fingers interlaced, evidently in the ati titude of Draver. I ? * t 46T Squire Jack was a cabinet maker and i undertaker, knowu far and wide as a master workman. One day a couple came to bis l office to get married The man's face was t tamiliar to the Squire, and be ordered bim j off in this wise: "Begone, yon scoundrel; , yon haven't paid me for your first wife's ) coffin I" IST A beautiful thought is thus sugges* ted in the Karan?"Aogels, in the grave, - will not question thee as to the amount of j wealth thou has left behind thee, but as to ; what deeds thou bast done in the world to , entitle thee to a seat among the blest." /" / /