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"?*Personal Communications, when admissible; communications of limited or individual interest, or recommendations of Candidates for offices of honor, profit or trust, will be charged for at from 3 to 10 cents per line. ~ ? Original ilforg. written kor the yorkville enquirer. LOVE; OK, OLD HEADS AND YOUNG HEARTS. BY J. FORREST GOWAN, Esq. CHAPTER IV. 'Papa,' said Eva, 'Ida Walter has invited me to come to Charleston and spend a month with her.' 'Was that the subject of her letter, my dear?' asked Mr. Thornwell, musiDgly. 'May I go, papa ?' " * ' ? - t-t?Ul. 'Ahem I?would it not De aavisuuie iu uuusult Mr. Snobberhosser V asked Mr. Thornwell. 'He has uothiog to do with me,' said Eva. 'You forget, my love,' said her father/ 'that he is to be your husband very soon.' 'But, papa, you promised to give me one month to think over the matter, before Igive him a positive answer,' said Eva. 'And may I ask, my daughter, what, think you, will be the nature of that answer?' 'Such as will not please you, I fear, dear , papa." 'But Eva, my child, there is no alternative?you must marry him, or ruin your father.' Eva was silent, and her father continued : 'My dear child, I will no longer disguise the nature of my true situation from you. I am deeply involved in debt?' 'In debt, papa !' 'I knew that such a statement would surprise you. Eva, but such really is the case. My creditors are continually threatening to seize upon my little property if I do not make immediate payment.' T> __ a. J I 'X>Ul, uear pa pa? 'Do not interrupt me, Eva. I was about to show you a letter from Messrs. Graspall & Getit, which I received yesterday. Ah ! here it is?shall I read it to you?' 'If you please,' replied Eva. Dear Sir:?It is alike unpleasant to us, and dishonorable on vour part, that we are ngain compelled to remind you of your indebtedness of eight thousand dollars at our house. You are particularly requested, either to forward us this trifling amount, or send us your endorsed note during the present month, as we cannot allow you any further indulgence. Respectfully, yours, GRASPALL & GETIT. 'What think you of that, Eva ?' 'That they are base-hearted villians !' replied Eva, indignantly. 'But they should have their money, my child.' 'And these are the men that you started in life !' said Eva. 'Very true,' said her father, as his brow grew dark at the thought; 'but how is this money to be paid ?' 'You can very easily collect that amount, papa.' 'Not a cent of it, Eva.' n ?J fr\r* rAll ' CQlrl sL*Ct a ineuu iu cuuuioc *vsi jvu, Eva, her hps quivering with emotion. 'I have no friend that would do so much for me,' said her father, with a deep sigh. 'Mortgage your property then, papa?do anything to get this debt out of the way,' said Eva. 'Alas! my poor child !' said he. 'If you only knew all!' And why should I not know all, my dear papa?' asked the affectionate girl, as she threw her arms around the old man's neck and burst into tears. 'My dear Eva, my property is already \ mortgaged, aDd even this is not all.' 'Hide nothing from me, papa,' sobbed Eva. Snobberhosser holds a note against me for twenty thousand dollars.' 'Against you ?' asked Eva, now quite j alarmed. Such is the case,' replied the old man, as he bowed his head upon his daughter's shoulder, and 'lifted up his voice and wept.' There was a pause for a few moments ; when the old man disengaged himself from the embraces of his daughter, and said : 'You can save me from dishonor, my child!' 'I??impossible!' said Eva. 'Would that I could!' 'You can, my child.' 'Papa,' said Eva, 'tell me how I can save you !' 'By becoming the wife of Mr. Suobberhosser.' 'And how will that save you, papa?' 'He will free my property from all incumbrances, release me from my indebtedness to him, and satisfy my creditors.' 'How much money will it take to do that?' j asked Eva. 'Over t fty thousand dollars,' replied the father. James Thornwcll/ said Eva, raising her little form to its height, -has a father any right to involve himself in debt, aDd then save himself from its dishonorable consequences by the sacrifice of his only child ! Any libertine may purchase your daughter's heart at this rate ? You know that Mr. Snobberhosser is but an unprincipled adventurer at most; and yet you have offered him my person for dollars and cents. God forgive you-!' But my child?' *' 'It is useless to entreat me papa; I cannot save you by.such a sacrifice. God docs not require it of me.' 'Thunder and lightning !' exclaimed the old man. 'Do you want me sent to jail like a common criminal?' 'No, dear papa; I do not want it.' 'But Snobberhosser swears that I shall be imprisoned, unless you marry him/ said the old man. 'Then, I shall certainly accompany you, papa.' 'But he may?' 'I do not care that much for Mr. Snobberhosser's threats/ said Eva, snapping her fingers. 'But why will you not marry him, Eva V 'Because I love somebody else.' 'The devil you do!' exclaimed the old man. 'Is he rich ?' 'Why do you ask V 'Because?because if he is?I may?may give ray con?consent/ said he, falteringly. 'You would consent to my union with him if he would pay your debts?is not that it ?' 'Exactly !' said the old man eagerly. 'Why papa!' exclaimed the poor girl, with mingled astonishment and mortification ; then bursting into tears, she hurried from the room, and sought the privacy of her own chamber. 'This will never do,' said Mr. Thornwell. 'Eva must be persuaded to accept the hand of Soobberhosser, or my ruin is a fixed fact. I must humor her for the present, however, and allow her to go to Charleston, and?but, bless me ! here comes Snobberbosser.' 'Goot morning, mine olt frent!' said Soobberhosser. 'Dish ish so fine a day ash never TTTQ O ' 'Fine morning, sir/ replied Thornwell.' 'Dere ish one ting I voulds likes to know, Mr. Tornwell.' I shall be very happy to give you the desired information, sir/ said Mr. Thornwell. 'Who ish dat fools vat names Scharles Evinston V Charles Evinston??let me see!' said Thornwell endeavoring to recall the name.? I really do not know.' He lives in Spartanburg?ant ish von huge rascall!' said Snobbcrhosser, waxing warm. Why, what harm has the gentleman done you ?' asked Thornwell. Shentlemans !?he ish no shentlemans,! but dunder and blixen ! he ish so pig a rogue ash he never was.' But what hus he done V He writes me von letters apout hish frent, Edwin Marlton.' Indeed ! I see no harm in all that.' You no see do letters yet,' replied Snob-| berhosser, handing a letter to Mr. Thorn well; it ish pout your daughter.' 'About my daughter ??impossible !' said he, hastily unfolding the letter. 'Reads it out?rue no makes it understant much.' 'Confound the impertinent fellow !' said Thornwell, glancing over the letter. 'Just hear what he has to say : Dear Sourlcrout Snollcrhosser:?Being a very particular friend ?f yours, I advise you to leave Abbeville as soon as you possibly can. My young friend Edwin Marlton has heard that you are endeavoring to win the hand of Miss Eva, and swears that he will give you a dose of lead pills in less than two days .from the date of this letter, if you do not make tracks. Mr. Marlton is a young gentleman of large fortune, in love with Miss Eva, and has reasons for believing his affection reciprocated. He has made up his mind to have her, and it will be policy on your part to make yourself scarce. Respecfutlv. vouts. CHARLES EVINSTON. 'Poo my word ! that is refreshingly cool!' said Mr. Thornwell, smiling in spite of himself. 'Vat for you smiles?' asked Snobberhosscr. 'Because of the impudence of these gentlemen,' he replied. 'Me schallcngc,!?shoot!?makes von doodles mid dem bote, quite soon !' said Snobberhosser, in a towering passion. 'A dnel??I shall give no countenance to such a foolish proceeding,' 3aid Thornwell. 'Dunder and blixen !' 'Pshaw !' said Thornwell, anxious to change the conversation, 'I have a favor to ask of you, Mr. Snobberhosser.' .at. i > ?i,., '.'1U 10113 IJU II1U1J13II UIUIC, icpiicu Il>5. 'It is Dot money that I am speaking about,' said Thornwell. 'Den vat you vant mid me ?' 'My daughter?' 'Yoh, dat ish betterish goot.' 'Hear me out, Mr. Snobberhosser, if you please.' ?Yoh !?beg pardon.' 'My daughter wishes to?' 'Dat ish so goot as it never vas?debblish goot!' 'You are devilish impolite, sir, to interrupt mo in this manner,' said Thornwell, angrily. 'I was going to observe, that my daughter wished to go to Charleston and spend a month with Miss Ida Walter.' ?Yon whole munts!' exclaimed Snobberhosser. 'Dat is no goot.' 'What I wish to ask is, will you accompany her ?' <Yoh !?but me no knows Miss Walter,' said rsnoooernosser. 'I do not ask you to do more, than to accompany her as far as the Charleston Depot,' said Thorowell. 'Yen does Miss Eva intend to went?' 'In a day or two, probably,' replied Thornwoll. ***** 'Eva, Mr. Snobberhosser has kindly consented to accompany you to Charleston,'said Mr. Thorowell. Bat, papa, if you are as bad off as you ; represented to me awhile ago, I do not think J that it would be altogether right for me to | undertake the trip,' said Eva 'Pshaw ! it will costbut a trifle, my child. 'Fifty dollars at least, papa.' 'As much as that??surely not!' 'Well, papa, it may be possible to obtain j a passage to Charleston for less than half j that amount j but Eva Thornwell must not j remain in that city without a cent in her pocket?must she?' 'You are right!'?sixty dollars will not be t too much,' said the old man, counting out the money. 'Fifty dollars is amply sufficient, papa; besides it is not altogether fashionable or polite for an invited guest to travel with more money than is absolutely ncoessary,' said Evn. Right again !?here is fifty.' You are very kiod, papa,' said Eva, affectionately. Would that it were in my power to afford you every happiness, my daughter !' said be, with a deep sigh. I am sure, that I am very happy now, papa.' I know better than that?you are unhappy because of that affair, my poor Eva !' Whataffair, papa?' Your union with Snobberhosser?the uncouth Dutchman !' Union! We are not united yet, papa.' But will be, my child.' Perhaps not, papa; for you remember the old couplet:? 'There's many a slip 'Twixt the cup and the lip.'' And so saying, Eva bounded out of the room with a merry laugh. CHAPTER V. Two weeks have elapsed since the incidents in the last chapter had taken place ; and we introduce the reader now into a private room in the Charleston Hotel. 'Are you in sober earnest?' asked Marlton, laying aside the afternoon paper, and looki ng uneasily upon his companion I saw it with my own eyes,' replied Evinston. 'Tnen tne stupid old xmcnman muse nave i smelt a rat,' said Marlton. 'lie shall smell gunpowder if he does not look sharp,' said Evinston. 'Perhaps he is not here after all?3-00 are joking, Charlie.' 'I tell you that I saw him wiite his name upon the register, and order his trunk taken up to number nineteen,' said Evinston. 'Nineteen !?thats the number of the room nest to ours !' said Marlton. ?Wc are arc in a nice fix, for once?certain !' 'Marlton, run round to Haync street and purchase an ounce of nitrate of silver?be quick, old fellow!' 'What do you waut with it?' asked Marlton. 'I charge you to purchose it at once, if you hope to save Miss Eva from this old Duchman,'said Evinston Wondering what in the word, bis friend was about to do, Marlton, hurried down in- j to the street and made the strange purchase. 'Here it is,' said he, as he returned to the j room. 'Pulverize it,' said Evinston ; 'while I get 1 the pitcher out of old Snobberhossor's room.' j ?Yah dn not. monn to voison him !' ex- ! * VU -V "V. J claimed Marlton, shuddering. Pshaw ! do Dot be afraid of that.' Evinston then left the room for Snobberhosser's wash-boul and pitcher, while Marlton pulverized the silver. 'Now,' said Evinston, 'put the silver in the cup and dissolve it in a little water. Stir it faster man !' 'What are you up to, Evinston ?' asked Marlton, in surprise. 'I have no time to tell you now?just pour the contents of that cup into this pitcher,' said Evinston. 'There it is; but suppose he should drink it!' -V e T^lnclnn 'iicvur ium uuuui tuuij jj?iuoi.uu^ as he bore the pitcher to Snobberhosser's room. 'Why, what are you dcing with that looking-glass f,ud those towelii ?' asked Marltoo, as Evinston re-entered th> room with those articles. 'Keep still! Snobberhosser's coming up stairs!' said Evinston in a low whisper. Marlton's curiosity was more fully aroused to observe Evinston quietly take down his looking-glass; and, after hiding it, with the one which he had taken from Snobberhosser's room, throw the towels under the bed. Snobberhosser entered his room, and Marlton and Evinston heard him pour out water I for a wash; and after considerable splashing, blowing and puffing all became still. 'He's looking for the towels/ whispered Evinston, in high glee. 'Dunder and blixen!' exclaimed the Dutch n i 1. i? i I man, after an uosuccessrui searcn ror a row| el. 'Dat nigger ish so big a schamp as never vas! No looking-glass! no schoap! no towels!' 'Now for some fun!' whispered Evinston, as he heard the door of the Dutchman's room open. 'I say, mine goot frent!' bawled out the Dutchman, as he knocked at our young friends' door. '"Who is midin de door?' 'You are laboriog under a mistake, sir? this is quite a private room,' said Evinston, as the Dutchman peeped within. 'Mine Gott in heben, shentlemans! dare ish no towels in mine room/ said Snobberhosser. 'Pshaw !' said Evinston, 'walk in; and we will be happy to have you finish your toilet here?walk in.' 'Moocb obliged, shentlemans,' said the victim, entering the room. 'Vere ish de tovels ant de glass?' 'Allow us to offer you a glass of wine, sir,' said Evioston, taking a small flash from his trunk, and holding it up to the light. ?Me no drinks viue, shentlemans, but? vaits von little times?' said Snobberhosser, as he hastily loft the room. ?. n i inn in 'Bless roe! how horfibly his face is stain- wi ed !' whispered Marlton. yc That's not half as had as it will look af- wi ter awhile,'replied Ev^ston, InughiDg. al 'Here is von fine articles, shentlemans,' w; said Snobberhosser aj.he entered the room, an holding up a bottle of Gin. th 'Thank you, sir; we will gladly join you th in a glass,' said Evinston. hi 'Excuse roe, Mr. Snobberhossser?are you nc not a Spaniard ?' asked Marlton. pi No, sir; t ish from Sharmony.' m: 'From Germany ! why your complexion is very dark for a German,' replied Marlton. th j ?The gentleman is merely 6un-burnt, Marl- no ton,' said Pivioston, scarcely able to restrain lu his laughter. sc The reader must be iuformed, that the ha action of the solution of silver had given to an Mr. Snobberhosser's face the color of tobac- ~ co juice, or something like it. d <Dat ish true?de climate ish so vorse dan (* bad,' said the unsuspecting Dutchman, as he _ swallowed the contents of his glass. 'You visit Charleston on business, I suppose/ said Marl ton. " ?1 'I pays von small visit to Mr. Underdonks co dis times' said Snobberhosser. gt 'Indeed? We are well acquainted with te, that gentleman/ said Evinston. 'You purpose attending Miss Eva's wedding, I sup- to: pose.' y, 'Vat you say V asked the Dutchman, starting to his feet. U, Why have you not heard, that young w] Marlton intends to lead Miss Eva Thornwcll to the marriage altar?' asked Eviuston. Dondor ant blixin !'exclaimed Snobber- g( hosser in a terrible rage. 'Mine Gott!? ^ vat a peoples !' 01 'She is to be married to-morrow night, I nj believe/ said Evicston. co 'Vere isht de bolice! Mine Gott! vat ^ ish dis I hears!' th 'What is the matter, ray dear sir V asked Qj: Evinston. 'Vere I finds dish Marlton ?' asked Snob bcrhosser. ca 'He may be at Mr. Underdonk's house/ implied Evinston. 'Den I blows bis heads off his brains so ur soon ash it never vas!?mine Gott!' m So saying, Mr. Snobberhosser rnshed out st; of the room ; and after putting on his coat or and hat, rushed down stairs like a madman, re and darted out of the hotel with a pistol in in each hand. gC 'Are we not in a scrape now ? asked Marl- rn i:on. an 'Pshaw ! just bring Suobbcrhosser's basin an in here, and ring i'or a servant/ said Evin- th stoo, with perfect mwjfroi'J. cx Snobberhosser's basin and goblet were ga j brought in, the contents of the lat-tercmptiad to ! into the former, and the bell rang for a ser- qr vant. gt The servaut soon made his appearance, and the washing utensils were emptied. ce 'Now/ said Evinston, as soon as the ser- ,Ci vant had left the room, ?pour a little water . into Snobberhosser's basin, and half fills his ,fc goblet. That will do?now take it back to his room. Stop !?take his glass and towels back.' l" 'Really, Evinstcn/ said Marlton, when all tri these matters had been attended to, 'Snob- ou bcrhosser will soon find out what a trick we ra have practiced upon him.' 'Just leave that to me/ said Evinston. sa ?lin mcnnl mor An enmn iniiirv wifb ^ " XJ U t 1' 14 Vs 1UOVUI kUHj uv uvlu v aM^| J ? .... his pistols,' said Marlton. 'Pshaw 1 suppose wo call upon the ladies, and hear of the fun,' said Evinston. '. 'Exactly 1 Miss Eva will be anxious about me, if that Dutchman has gone there in search of me,' said Marlton. c 'Then we had better go at once,' 'said co Evinston. 00 'Suppose we should meet him there,' said ^ Marlton. 'Coine on ! there will he some fun, at least,' W( said Evinston. [to be continued.] nc )||mi wl A SERMON ON TEE WORD MALT. wl The llev. Mr. D , a very worthy min- aD ister who lived a few miles from C , had ^ rendered himself obnoxious to many of the e cantabs by frequently preaching against drunkenness, several of whom, meeting him es on a journey, they determined to make him preach in a hollow tree which was near the road. Accordingly addressing him with th great apparent politeness, they asked him if ag he had not preached much against drunken- rc ncss? On his replying in the affirmative, Pr they insisted that he should now preach from ta a text of their choosiog. In vain did he rc- ev monstrate on the unreasonableness of ex- th pecting him to g'vo them a discourse without study and in such a place; they were DC determined to take no denial, and the word ar "Malt," was given him for a text, on which he immediately delivered himself as follows: Pa Beloved, let mc crave your attention. I bt am a little man, come at a short warning, to C1( preach a short sermon, from a small subject j,'1 in an unworthy pulpit to a small congrega- t0 tion. Beloved, my text is Malt. I cannot divide it into words, being but one?nor in- nc to syllables, it being but one?I must, there- 'c fore of necessity divide it into letters, which nc I find to be these four; M-A-L-T. M, my w' beloved, is moral; A, is allegorical ; L, is nl literal; and T, is theological. The moral is set forth to teach you druukards pood man- to ners; therefore, M, masters, A, all of you, w 1 L, listen, T, to my text: the alleporical is tr when anything is spoken, and another thing ar is meant ; the thing spoken of is malt?the th thing meant, is the juice of malt; which af you cantabs make M, your masters, A, your apparel, L, your liberty, and T, your trust. ti< The theological according to the effects that w it works, and these, I find to be two kind ce 1st in this world; 2d in the world to come, tl The effects that it works in this world, are ei in some, M, murder, in another, A adulte- pi ry, in all, L, looseness of life, and in some, hi T, treason. The effects in the world to come: hi are M, misery; A, anguish; L, lamenta- ol tions; T, torment; and so much for this as time and tost. I shall improve the first by ei ay of exhortation. M, masters, A, all of m,-L, leave off, T, tipling; or second by ly of excommunication?M, masters, A, I of you, L, look for, T, torment; 3d by \y of caution take this; a drunkard is the inoyance of modesty; the spoil of civility, e destruction of reason, the brewer's agent, e alehouse benefactor, his wife's sorrow, s children's trouble, his own shame, his tighbor's scoff, a walking swill-bowl, the dure of a beast, and the monster of a an ! now to the, &c. He then concluded in the usual form, and e young men, pleased with his ingenuity, .t atI r elnAAVAln V\ 1 rr? Vtilf oKcn. 'I uuijf tuauauu iiiluj uuk uuov* tely profited more by his short, whimsical rmon, than by any serious discourse they d ever heard. ftkcllaneous |leateg. COINAGE OF THE TJ. STATES.' The following communication (says the larleston Courier) from a well informed rrespondent, on the "coinage of the United ates," will be read with attention and inrest by intelligent readers: In an extract from a lecture "on the Ilisry of Commerce," published in the New ork Tribuoe, it is asserted, with some deee of confidence, that a "German named ecbtler stamped money in North Carolina, bich was actually preferred, in Georgia and e Carolina, to the Federal coin !' Some thirty years ago, when Christopher schtler began to stamp pieces of gold in utherford, a miniug district of North Carina, his operations proved a great conveence to the miners, the merchants and the ramunity, because there was very little of c coin of the United States to be found in e interior portions of Georgia or the Carinas. Templeton Ileid pursued the same prac;c, with similar results, from the same use, in the mountains of Georgia. Mr. Bechtler was an ingenious gunsmith id jeweller, an useful and honest man, who idertook to convert the grains of precious etal washed from neighboring deposits into imped pieces, for a local currency, with the dinary machinery used for boring rifle barIs, for rolling bars of steel and iron, or ipressing certain ornamental devices upon id locks* His processes for melting, casting, llrng, cutting and stamping his own name d devices, with an assumed quality, weight id value, were tolerably well arranged for e purpose he intended. - No branch mints listed in Georgia or Carolina when he beu to supply such token*. In attempting decide the parity of gold of different lalitics, he employed the scales and karat ain weights commonly used by goldsmiths. A difficulty was encountered in the prosses of assay, which now require more delate management. He was not able, by e practice ne pursued, to De so exact, as is believed he desired to be. Hence, upon the establishment of branch ints, his coins were carried there, as Imlm, for re-coinage, and to ascertain their uc value. They were not found to hold it to the full extent of his stamped declation. The fineness impressed upon his ins was not always reached, which necesrily caused a reduction in their value as commercial currency. Mr. Bechtler used up a large amount of ild before the branch mints were built, but e decision they made upon the character of s stamped pieces, soon proved it was more Ivantageous to the miners, and to the merlants who dealt with them, to have bullion nverted into the more correct standard ios of the United States. The conveniens of the previous arrangements of Mr. schtler were no longer appreciated, and ire at length gradually abandoned. The Bechtlers?for there was a son and a phew also engaged with the old man? *re very frank with an officer of the mint, ao visited theirestablishment. They showed id explained their pragtices and machinery lite freely to him. When it was remark[ to the elder Bechtler that one portion of e method he pursued occasioned error, he ihibited instant desire to correct it. Some of his latter coinages were rated ghtly above the assumed standard, alough previous ones had borne a per cent;e below the declared limit. Federal coins quire strict adjustment by law, and are oved by distinct annual trials. The atchment of fixed values to pieces of gold, en by approximation, was of interest to e miner in the South. Sjich tokens did it interfere with the privileges of the mints ir in any way with their operations, which e calculated to control such action. When the coins of the United States ben to be known, and such conversion of illion at the mints was found most benefiil to every interest connected with mining, eti the demand for Bechtler pieces begau cease. For the coatot conversion dcvoivI upon the Government; whereas, the rniirs were required to pay directly for Bcchtr's operations! It sometimes happens, >w, that a wagoner from the upper country ill prefer bank paper to coins, for cooveence of carriage aud from custom : Another point in the lecture "on theHisry of Commerce," which declares "there ire no coins in Judea, until after the desuction of Jerusalem," is also doubted, as i historical fact, although it may be true ere was no national Hebrew Mint until ter that period. Coiuage is a convenience for the distribuans of trade, where gold and silver are ell known and attainable. But such proisses add nothing to the intrinsic values of le precious metals, and are expensive. Seval Eastern nations are thought to have disposed with the practices of coinage, after iving employed them. The Chinese know dw to appreciate and proportion the values " gold and silver by fineness and weights, i is always done at mints before theimpresOQ* si? placed upon the pieces. The Chi ': ncsc, an industrious and commercial people, comprehend foreign coiD, in exchange for commodities; but the only pieces now coined 1 in China consist of a currency of the lowest denominations, formed of mixed metal like bronze. The principles employed to value gold and silver in China are the same as for teas, cotton, rice t>r sugar; all are estimated alike ?by relative qualities and duly prqportioned weights, or, as the mints say, "by weight and fineness." From the history of the Hebrews, we learn they perfectly comprehended these principles. In Judea, as in the Colonies of N. America,foreign coin were necessarily known and used before a mint was established "in the land." Skins, arrow-heads, nails, sea shells, pieces of soap and eggs, in tale, have severally served as currencies, in small transactions of trade, among primitive people. Such practices, however, do not evince a comprehension of all the artistic principles called into action, when gold and silver perform the office of representatives of value for all commodities in an extended commerce. An exchange with eggs, hides, soap, scraps of iron, cowrie-shells, or lance heads, explains the numerical part" of such adjustment ; but to establish the exact value of gold and silver in coinage?the quality?is an important matter, which cannot be decided by the ordinary senses?by sight, touch, taste, smell or sound?but needs exact analysis, with attended and subsequent calculations of arithmetic. For such Drecious material, the weizhts 4 ' w require to have delicate precision, and the scales to be more correct than those used for cotton, leather or tobacco. The size of a piece of soap?a difference in the outline, of several eggs, or skins, the color of the sea shells, the length of the nails, or the number of lance-heads, may prove of slight importance in a trade?but when reference is made to sums in gold and silver, such distinctions grow enormously, and become worthy of notice. There exists historical proof of a coinage, among civilized nations of the East, If/ore the Hebrews emigrated from Egypt, according to artistic investigation. Pieces of the precious metals had been stamped with "images," as a voucherfor intrinsic value, or were cast and "graven" into shapes of animals, to serve the same purposes of trade, by weight and purity. There are early notices in the history of the Hebrew Patriarchs of presents and payments in bracelets and rings, the work of goldsmiths and jewelers, who regulated both the fineness and the weights for a fixed valuation, and were the first artizans to introduce such practices into Europe, before mints were cstablishished there! In the entercourse of the Patriarchs with caravans, traveling from the Red Sea, orthe Persian Gulf, into Egypt, with the spicery and products of the South, ready money was used, according tn the written narrative.? This is apparent, in the prompt payment for Joseph as a slave; and in the purchase of land by Abraham, as well as the proportionate prices of land and a servant man "seventeen years old.' The ratios do not vary much from those known in the Southern States, some "twenty years ago." 4 We read, also, that "when money failed in the land of Egypt and the laud Canaan, "Joseph sold bread, for cattle." The gold pieces concealed by ltachel were named "images" in the early English translation, but are also called "strange go<hwhen the same kind of money was hidden "under the oak by Shechem." Immediately after the Exodus, "the daily wages of an hireling" was ordered by a law to be punctually paid?which certainly indicates the presence of some currency of small denomination, when "a penny" of brass or silver served such compensation of daily hire. rri c jl iiciu iii u it'ificuut'3 iu iuc piaetiee ui counterfeiting in Ancient Egypt?the tools and implements having been discovered ? There are among the regulations for "Divorce and Dowry" in Asia, expressed proof of distinct standards for coins, which, no doubt caused transmutations in their devices, the balance of trade was shown against one or the other of ancient mercantile nations, upon the same principle which causes the frequent and useless destruction of our national coins. When an indemnity was paid by France, twenty or more years ago, largo quantities of gold coins?of /lie French Republic?were sent over ns bullion, to be re-melted and received at or- mint. When the new gold pieces, of the standard and devices of the United States, formed from these old coins of France, were exported by the operations of trade, they were in their turn obliged to undergo the same process of destructive change in France, England, Germany or Russia, in consequence of the diversities n i -l ? J _J_ .r whicn neeaiessiy exist in tne stanuurus 01 those countries. The same gohl, with the impress of imperial devices, passes again and again through similar wasteful metamorphosis. If there was Dot a single Republican coin to be now found in France, would that prove there was no coinage during the period of the Republic ? The whole subject of mintage has been made an intricate one, as an artistic contrivance, for want of order and in national standards for weights and qualities. In Britian, coinage was introduced by a class of goldsmiths, which confined such knowledge to their own body. "A company of moneyers" still monopolize, in great degree, the optratoins of the English mint. Since such establishments have been organized in the United States^ endeavors have been made to regulate the coinage by a more exact scale than the so-called "standard" of Great Britian, which is now discredited by , the highest authorities io England. ?iMMMMM The Metre or measure of France has been accepted as the standard for fineness in the Assary departments alone of the United States Mints. This exact scale is now desired in all the departments of the mints which derive no advantage from the use of the uncertain standards of Great Britian, though long employed. The commerce and currencies of both countries can be benefitted by a frank acceptance of the Decimal system of France, which would render their standard monies of gold and silver uniform with all the nations of the continent of Europe, who have already adopted the French scale. By such reference, our coins would become of equal values and current among every people who employ the same measures and practices in their mints, and the incessant expense by recoinage would be abandoned by all in the exchange, which occur from the necessary operations of an extensive commerce. The history of commerce requires to be carried beyond the limits of Rome or Greece to the period of the earliest tradition, which can only be understood by a careful comparison with the practices and pxjerience of the present age. * V* GENERAL WASHINGTON. We find the following in the Washington States. The writer is evidently the good old Baron Von Humboldt: We have been favored with the following extracts from a letter written by an esteemable and enlightened German gentleman, now in his eighty-fourth year, to his friend in this city. The writer is perhaps 'the last of the barons'?the only individual living in either hemisphere who enjoyed the pleasures of the table, seated on the right hand of Washington. If we are mistaken in this supposition, we will take pleasure in so stating when advised to the contrary. Although fifty-eight years have elapsed since the good old German was last in this country, yet we understand he has made it an invariable custom, ever since, to celebrate at his house own two great natioual holidays?the 4th of July and 22d of February?annually. An American in heart, though a foreigner by birth and allegiance, the interest which ho manifests for our prosperous destiny is calculated to produce a salutary influence upon the publio mind. Bremen, January 15, 1859. My Dear Sir: I had the pleasuse to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of 20th T^n/iAmkoi* nnt) nimil m ronl f z\C 4 V* /\ fi t?o4 rvrtof iu uti j uuu uiuii uij^u Vi luc mot pvou to express ray thanks for the interesting intelligence which it communicates. That which affords me the most joy is the reference made to the purchase, by American ladies, of Mount Vernon, the domestic residence of the immortal Father of your grea t republic. The noble purpose of your fair countrywoman to rescue the hallowed spot upon which he passed the last days of his \ glorious life from further dilapidation, to ) preserve the unpretending old mansion from utter ruin, and to embellish the grounds, is as praise-worthy and creditable to the Union as was that lofty patriotism which distinguished the Spartan mothers. May almighty God bless them for this work of national gratitude?too long, alas! delayed by their fathers, husbands, and brothers. In my parlor is suspended an engraving nf Mnnnfc Vernnn. and in mv frnnt hnll n picture of General Washington, which embraces Mrs. Washington, and Miss Cnstis. My eyes love to linger upon those faithful mementoes of other years. They vividly call to my mind the day?the proudest day of my life?that I passed upon the beautiful banks of the Potomac, in the family of the best and greatest personage that the world has ever produced. It was in May, 1798, now nearly sixty-one years ago. I was seated at his right at dinner, and I recollect as distinctly his majestic bearing as if it were yesterday. Though of mortality, his overpowering presence inspired an impression that he belonged to immortality. Hisstateliness, his serene face, the perfect simplicity of his manners, his modest demeanor, and the words of wisdom which he uttered, led me irresistably to the belief that he was an emanation of the Omnipotent, for the marvelous work that he had then just consummated. It was my good fortune to contemplate him in his retirement?after he had left nothing undone that he could peform for the republic of his creation, and after he had quitted office forever. What a privilege I enjoyed in being his welcome guest! Of the 240,000,000 of people in Europe, I imagine I am the only person, since the death of Lafayette, who was so favored as to break bread and take wine with him at his own table. May his pure spirit guide your government, in all coming time, through" any difficulties in which it may find itself encompassed ! May his disinterested patriotism be emulated through countless generations, by his successors in the Executive Mansion. The Presidential task, however, becomes more and more difficult as your population increases and your boundaries extend. I thank you much for Mr. Buchanan's message. It is replete with information, suth as we could expect from so experienced and enlightened a statesman. It has been favorably received in Germany. But will Congress assist him in carrying out the measures which he proposes ? The exercise of a controlling influence in Central America appears to be an absolute necessity for your commercial intercourse with the Western States, as also the annexation of Cuba j and yet I think your republic wants no addition of territory. For my part, I liked your fif teen United States, duriDg my stay, from 1796 to 1800, much more than I do now your thirty-two, with all the gold of California. But I will indulge in no gloomy forebodings, but, as ever, will implore God to protect your Union, and bind its citizens together with cords of enduring fraternal regard. J^The population of "Washington City is now estimated at 62,000, an increase of fifty per oent since 1850.