Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, May 20, 1858, Image 2
Straus # Jack
The legislature of Oregon at its last
session, divoroed 60 couples.
> A bill has passed tbe Louisiana Logislature
declaring dogs to be personal property.
Billy Bowlegs and his whole tribe, arriyed
at New Orleans on the 15th inst., and
are quartered at the Barracks.
^ According to the Massachusetts Register,
there are in Massachusetts a little
rising of one thousand lawyers.
. A Quaker being asked his opinion of
phrenology, replied indignantly, " Friends,
there oan be no good in a science that comDels
a man to take off his hat."
Loernso Dow "still lives."' He is one
of the three candidates of the Free State men
of Kansas forjudges under the Leavenworth
Constitution.
?? A firm in Havana have obtained per
mission to lay down a submarine telegraph
from Cuba to Key West, Florida. The work
will "be speedily proceeded with.
?? An old Greenland seaman said he
cquld readily believe that crocodiles shed
tears, for he ha J often seen whale's blubber.'
An Indian seeing a belle dressed out
in full crinoline breadth of fashion pass him
in the street, was heard to ezolaim, " much
heap wigwam, ugh!"
The old project for the formation of
ft. new State from porticos of Tennessee, Virginia,
and North Carolina, has been revi ?d.
?John Chapman has received 3750
damages from John B. Hines, commissioner
of. eleotion in Washington city, for illegally
rejecting his vote.
The unfinished monument to Mary,
the mufherof Washington, atFredericksbnrg,
Vav is "said to be fait going to ruin, and is
Bbdly disfigured with bullet and shot marks,
being used by the boys as a target.
The oldest clock in America is said
to be the one' in the Philadelphia Library,
which is nearly two centuries old. It was
made in London, keeps good time and i9 said
to have been owned by Oliver Cromwell.
An editor speaks of his party as the
? heavy-handed democracy." They may be
heavy-handed, says Prentice, but when they
have been within arm's length of the spoils,
they have shown themselves light fingered.
A lady named Temple, who is well
known in the fashionable regions of Belgravia,
has discovered a remedy for stuttering.
It is simply the act of reading in a whisper,
and gradually augmenting the whisper to a
louder tone.
There are sixty seaports in Cuba, and
last year there were 3680 coastwise arrivals
and 3659 clearances. This will give an idea
of the trade of this heantiful island, which
is nokmore thin half cultivated under the
praent regime.
/Qgr?Henry Ward B&eoher, of rifle memo/
ly, intends to spend a few weeks in Kansas
?. during the ooming summer, for the purpose
of ascertaining if it is true that hemp is really
P" the staple production of that Territory.
W ' Shoes, whether by wholesale or retail,
? have got tobe 25 per cent, dearer, throughnnnnfrr
Tlip mntp-ri ql ha9 risen a
E* UUV HUb WUUVkji
boat 15 per cent., and the labor of manufacI
tare at the North nearly 100 per cent. Be
f careful how you tread..
An old settler near Bloomington, Illinois,
says the winter of 1830 was remarkable
for the scarcity of money, so much so that
one man, elected justice of the peace, could
not raise enough to pay an officer for swearing
him in; so he stood up before a lookingglass
and qualified himself.
?? It is rumored, says the Boston Courier,
that Mr. Rarey, the American horse tamer,
uses a file of Congressional speeches to subdue
the refectory animals under bis charge. After
reading about a quarter of an hour, the
quadruped gives in, promises an entire amendment
of morals and manners, if he will
only 8top.
The Glens Falls paper tells of a gentleman
of standing in that village who had an
inconvenient quantity of his own autographs
in circulation, and who played crazy about
the streets for a few days, and then mysteriously
disappeared. His creditors said "poor
fellow," and were glad to sell his notes for
twenty-five cents on the dollar. In a few days
the "poor fellow'' suddenly appeared again,
and received a heap of cancelled paper from
his agent, who bought it up. Something
handsome was made by the operation, and his
"standing" is just as good as ever.
We are pleased to learn from the
Washington correspondent of the New York
Her aid, that Mr. Boyce's committee, appointed
to inquire into the expediency of free
trade and direot taxation, are ready to report.
He proposes to abolish all duties on
imports, and to resort to direct taxation.?
The report is spoken of as one of great ability.
We look forward to its publication with
great interest. Mr. Boyce is cool and calculating
in position. He does nothing wil
fully or reoklessly for effect. We therefore
look for a statesmanly report.?Carolinian.
Great apprehensions are felt in the
Southern States that the coming summer will
be a very sickly one, and the dreadful scourge
of yellow fever, from which the South
was so unusually exempt last season, will return
this year with greater violence than
ever. This fear is based upon the fact that
the long continued freshets, at this particular
time are likely to breed febrile diseases.
Nearly one fourth of the land on the Mississippi,
from Vicksburg down to the mouth of
the river, has been overflowed for many
weeks, and all the swamps, bayous and lagoons
at the South are gorged with stagnant
water. In the interiors of Mississippi, Alabama
and Georgia, the freshets have been
unprecedented.
"Ion," the Washington correspondent
of the Baltimore Sun thus summarily sketches
the probable future proceedings of Congress
: The signs are abundant of a speedy close
of the session. No important subjects of
legislation are to be touched. The private
calender is thrown overboard. Topics relating
to our foreign affairs are not to be
discussed. No special messages in regard to
them are to be communicated. Nothing
remains but for Mr. J. Glancy Jones and
Mf. R. M. T. Hunter to pTess forward the
remaining appropriation bills. So far, therefore,
will Congress be from rescinding the
joint resolution for the termination of tho
session on the. 7th June, with a view to prolong
the sessionj that they will find the time
heavy on their hands, and may anticipate the
day by absenteeism. .j
|e ?0rMle (iwptirer.
EDITED BT
SAM'li W. MSLTON.
YORKVU-LE, S. C.
THNR8DAY MORNING, MAY 30, 1858.
8S5T We nre very desirous to give particular
attention to tne local aepnrimeiu 01 ourpuj'cr^
and to this end, we would ask our friends in the
various portions of the District, Postmasters and
others, to give us reliable accounts of whatever
matters of general interest, that may transpire in
their respective localities. Notices of Marriages
and Deaths will be promptly inserted, when accompanied
by n responsible name. Announcements
of religious and temperance meetings will
be inserted with pleasure, and without oharge.
Our friends, Clergymen, Postmasters and others,
can, and we trust will, aid as materially in
contributing interesting items, of this nature to
our columns.
*#* In order to encourage the efforts of all
who are favorable to our enterprise, we propose
to send a copy of the Enquirer, gratis, to any one
making up a club of ten subscribers and sending
$15, in advance. To clubs of six, tho paper will
be sent for $10 50, with an extra copy to the person
making the club
Wm. P. McFadden, Esq., and M. Jones,
are authorized to act as agents for the Enquirer,
receive money and give receipts for the office.
t8F H. Judge Moore, Esq., is our authorized
agent to obtain subscriptions and advertisements,
aud to collect money due the office, in Charleston.
Our thanks are due to Hon. Messrs. Clay,
Enolisu and Boyce, for documents.
APPOINTMENT BY THE GOVERNOR.
Gov. Allston has appointed Col. Arthur P.
Hayne, of Charleston, to the place in the U. 8.
Senate vacated by the death of Judge Evans.
TO THE DIVISIONS.
In order to accommodate Divisions of the Sons
of Temperance, Mr. Grist has procured a seal of
neat design, so arranged that it oan be made to
snit the purpose of any Division in the State. Instead
of each Division procuring a Seal at a heavy
cost, one hundred impressions will be supplied by
mail, postage pre-paid, on the receipt of $1.50.?
Send on your orders.
THE WORK PROGRESSES t
Our Publisher has received a business-letter
from the Grand Scribe, Mr. Townbend, in which
he states that "the Order is more flourishing here
(at Bennettsville) than it has been for seven years;
and from various points in South Carolina, just
now, the most encouraging letters are being received
at the office."
This will be welcome intelligence to the friends
iu our own District. The material is almost worked
up here, and we can afford to look with interest
to other sections. Let the crusade go on!
THE TRUE CAROLINIAN.
This paper, at Anderson, has boen sold to Mr.
Edward Symmes, who designs to remove the material
to Pendleton and revive the publication of
the Pendleton Messenger." A new officp will be
purchased, and the Carolinian continued, by Mr.
F. E. Martin.
Mr. Moore has discharged 4be trusts of an editor
so ably, and fearlessly, and has preserved a tone
so thoroughly independent, thatwereallyregrethis
retirement.' Few men were better fitted to give
expression to the opinions of a spirited community.
We trust he may be uppermost at every turn of
the wheel; and, particularly, that a strong vote
may precipitate him into the next Legislature.
THE COTTON MARKET.
Our friend, C. J. Kee, of Rock Hill, has sent us
a table of the prices at which he has sold his cotton
crops since the year 1885. It will be seen
that the average is something over 8.88, lb., during
the 23 years. The table is as follows:
1835 10 (1847 : 10
188G 16 ,1848 6*
183 7 9 ,1849 91
1838 8} 1860 11
1889 8|;1851 10
184 0 9 11852 8}
184 1 81 1853 91
184 2 7 11864 81
184 3 71 1855 71
1844 4 1856 10
184 5 4J 1857 Ill
184 6 9 '1858 ?
RAMSAY'S HISTORY.
Mr. W. J. Dcffie, of Newberry, has placed upon
our table his re-publication of Ramsay's History
of South Carolina. It is printed complete in
one volume, by Walker, Evans, & Co., of Charleston,
in a style not excelled by Northern publications.
The title of this book is with us a household
word ; we heard it often, in earlier years, when
listening to the varied story, the stirring traditions,
Pornlnlinn- and a hurried fflfince at its
V. .. , O
pages gives confirmation to many a thrilling incident
which we had thought but legendary, and had
well-nigh forgotten. Of course, we have searched
for Ramsay's History more than once, and now,
when the enterprise of Mr. Dptfie has placed it
in the reach of all, we are ready to give to it our
warmest recommendation. Perhaps, in point of
style and methodioal arrangement it would not
successfully stand the test of criticism; but as a
record of facts else unknown?the richly-fi eighted
argosy that has brought to us a memory of the
heroic deeds of our fathers, their high achievements,
in field and in council, their patriotic devotion, noble
daring, patient suffering, and their heavencrowned
victories?this unpretending book has a
value beyond the limit of a price. It is the only
work that can aspire to a dignity worthy of the
glorious age of which it would be a record; and as
such, it should be made the ornament of every
family library in the State, and the ready means of
teaching those inestimable lessons of the past which
every boy and girl in the State should learn and
commit well to heart.
Let us look at the first chapter, and taking
down some of the note-worthy item s, ascertain of
how much of the early history of our State we are
all ignorant. On the first page, we learn that the
earliest settlement of South Carolina was made in
1670 near Beaufort, by a few emigrants from
England, under William Sayle, who became the
first Governor of the province. In 1680, the adventurers
removed to Oyster Point at the confluence
of the Ashley and Cooper rivers, and founded
the city of Charleston. The first male ohild born
I there was named Robert Tradd. The first slave
introduced into the Colony was brought from Barbadoes
by Sir John Yeomanb, in 1671. The first
law on record is dated, May 26th 1682. Further
on we learn the queer fact that tho infant settlement
was augmented by emigrants from Georgia,
who left that province because they were prohibited
the use of spirituous liquors and were not allowed
to own slaves! The territory ocoupied by
our District, it is stated, was obtained by a treaty
in 1765 from the Cherokees, and the firfet settle
meat ia this section was made on the facoiet ana
Fair-Forest rivers, in Union and Spartanburg, by
those "red-clay farmers," the Scotch-Irish emigrants
from Pennsylvania and Virginia. From
that date large bodies of emigrants continued to
settle in our district until, at the period of the
revolution, this section was as thickly populated
as any in the State.
But we have not space to follow another chapter.
Let every reader send to Mr. Duffie, get a copy
and read for himself. Beyond the intrinsic value of
| the work, something should be done to reward
the hardy enterprise which Mr. Duffie has exhibited
in making this re-publication. That such
a venture should be attempted, by an up-cohntry
book-seller, is certainly a note-worthy event; and
we hope that the result win not be such as to die
courage other adventurers in behalf of an indipeur I
dent, self-sustained Southern literature.
The book contains 807 pages, with maps of the
State and the city of Charleston, and will be sent
by mail on the reoeipt of $3.50 and 50 oents to
pay postage. A portion of the edition, bound in
half-calf, will be sold at $4.50.
We shall be pleased to receive subscription, and
procure copies for any of our readers.
GENERAL ASSEMBLY.
The proceedings of the Presbyterian General
Assembly, in session in New Orleans, have not
come to hand in a shape to enable us to make out
a connected statement. The subject most interest
ing to our readers?the contemplated nnion with
the Associate Reformed Church?was introduced
by the representative of t at church, from our
State, Rev. J. W. Yovsa. A despatch says:
"In an eloquent ana reeling manner no proscmed
the greeting and congratulations of the synod
and its present condition. The moderator of the
assembly answered the representative of the synod,
and welcomed him to a seat in the body.
"The report of the committee appointed by a
previous assembly to conduct a correspondence on
the subject of union between the General Assembly
of the Presbyterian Church and the Synod of
the Associate Reformed Church of the South was
read This correspondent suggested two important
difficulties in the way of union, the difference
of the two bodies on the subject of psalmody and
intercommunication. A motion was made to continue
the Committee of Correspondence, which
was afterwards amended by one discharging the
committee from further consideration of the subject,
and the relinquishment of measures for union
on account of inherent difficulties in the way.
"Dr. Breckinridge made an eloquent address on
this subject against further efforts at union, characterizing
the demands of the Associate Reformed
Church a9 inadmissible, not presenting that spirit
of broad Christian liberality which favored farther
discussion, and elaborating the proposition that
what the assembly wanted in its constituent elements
was homogeneonsness,.whiob wonld not exist
if the two bodies should be incorporated. Dr.
Hoge forcibly presented the same views with additional
arguments for the cessation of measures
tending to secure union. Several members followed
on the other side of the question.
"Pending the discussion the hour for adjournment
having arrived, the whole question was ordered
to be placed upon the business dooket, which
is equivalent to laying it on the table subject to
call."
A spirited debate occurred upon a resolution declaring
that the Amorican Bible Society had no
right, by the terms of its constitution, to alter in
any way "the common and acoepted standard English
Scriptures," and expressing the conviction
that the support of the Presbyterian church would
depend on a strict adherence to the old revisionThe
Board of Education reported the number of
new candidates received the past year 103, making
the total number since 181 9, 2(530. The roll of
the Board the past year contains 885; in their
theological course, 122; collegiate, 178"; academical,
83. The aggregate number this year is two
greater than the last, while the number of new
candidates is eleven more than were received the
last year; $47,108.70 have been received by the
Candidates Fuad, making a sum total of receipts
of $49,473.30, of which $43,432.35 have been ex
peuded. The total receipts of all kinds by the
Board of Ministerial Education were $50,492.06;
total expenditures, $49,980,55. The number of
parochial schools is 100. The nnmber of Presbyteriauacademies
is 60, besides the Ashman Insti
tute, which educates young men for Africa. The
number of Presbyterian colleges is 24.
- The Assembly, which was still in session at the
last accounts had agreed on Indianapolis, Indiana,
as the place of next meeting, on the third Thursday
of May, 1855. A correspondent of an exchange
writes of Dr. Howe, thus:
"I listened last night with great pleasure to an
address delivered before the General Assembly,
by Professer Howe, of Columbia College. As a
representative of South Carolina, he.gave a history
of the Church in that State, whioh necessarily
carried him back to the early history of the Huguenots.
I was much interested in a statement he
made in this connection, that,the first settlement
of Huguenots in Carolina dates forty-five years
prior to the settlement of Jamestown, Virginia.?
This differs from the statement I have heard pnb
lioly made, that the altter was the first settlement
made in the Union.
THE COMMERCIAL CONVENTION.
We promised, last week, to compile an account
of the proceedings of this body, which has been
holding the annual sessions in Montgomery, Alabama.
Our columns are too much occupied, however,
for an extended report; and we do not regret
that our readers are spared the infliction.
Instead of endeavoring honestly to carry out the
purposes for which it professes to be holden, the
Convention has been engaged exclusively with
long-winded political speeches, on topics which
are directly adverse to the desired end?a union
of Southern sentiment in behalf of Southern interest.
It seems to have been made the occasion
of congregating an atmost unmitigated mass of
"fire-eaters," who have made the affair hideous by
disgorging fire-brands of discord to divide and
perplex Southern counsels. We are well-nigh
disgusted with the Convention and its insane proceedings,
and dismiss the subject with the following
timely extract from the editorial columns
of the Carolinian. In a mild temper whjch we
I would wish to emulate, the editor says :
We are very much afraid that the range which
debates have taken in the Montgomery Convention
will have the opposite effect from that at first
desired. The intelligence we receive from different
sources, lead us to believe that the Convention
has been composed mostly of men of intemperate
impulses, and, as will be the case in such meeting,
he was thought the most reliable who could
be the most vehement. These Conventions wer?
instituted for the purpose of harmonizing the
South, and developing some scheme for the establishment
of direct European trade, and thus
effecting our commercial independence. Instead,
however, they have degenerated into mere political
assemblages. Such impracticable issues as
the Affrican slave trade, and of extremely doubtful
policy, even if practicable, are made to absorb
their entire attention. The action, too, of our
Southern Representatives are there discussed, and
the whole delegation, with the exception of General
Quitman and General Bonham, pronounced
unworthy of Southern confidence. We think it
would be wrong to proscribe either Gen. Quitman
or Gen. Bonham. They, without doubt acted honestly.
We claim the same for the others of our
Representatives. They have carefully -assigned
their reasons for their vote. Mr. Hunter, Mr.
Boyce and Mr. Keitt have each, in speeches
that have never been answered and are unanswerable,
stated these reasons carefully. What, then,
are we to understand by all this ? Are we to infer
that in this whole Kansas issue tho altruists
are looking solely to revolution ? A just and honorable
settlement they did not want. We oan
draw no other conclusion; for when they get this
they are for casting overboard their own Representatives,
because they gave their support to a
measure of honorable adjustment. Mr. Scott,
from Alabama, declared in the Convention that
"the Convention had been turned into a political
debating olub." Col. Yancey gets up and arraigns
the whole Southern delegation. He then turns
upon Virginia, and deals that old commonwealth
a blow because she opposes a revival of the African
slave trade. For the same reason he may arraign
South Carolina, and we venture to say his
own State. Whatever may be the interest of
Texas and the South-western Territories in this
matter, it is not to the interest of those older
States to advocate any measure that will reduce
the price of cotton and bring about competition
-1 ---> sllnaial oal! af thn
| 061W66U bllClU auu vuo ivi vnu Dtiui mi ovit vi wuw
West. The Montgomery Confederation, of the
18th, speaking of these charges against Virginia,
says: "their crimination has excited recrimination,
and for the last two days the speakers have
entered the open sea of universal political discussion."
"Most unfortunate," addB the same paper,
"has this been to our suction. At the time when
all the Sonth might and thould have united, we
i have had thb apple of disoord thrown among us,
! and the bitter and angry waters of strife and oonj
tention stirred up, we tear, to its lowest depths.
Proud spectacles this for the Abolitionist i"?
! With such disoord, how are we to contend with
i the new coalition ? The following, from the Mont!
gomery correspondent, editorial we believe, of the
Charleston Mercury, bears also upon the point,
I and shows (he sad consequences that art likely
to result from such intemperateness. Speaking c<
of the discussion on the slave trade he says:- Sl
' I am sorry to say that the agitation of this ,
question here, is breeding great dissension in the d
Convention. When it is obvious that the slave p
trade is prohibited by a plain provison of the con- 0]
stitution, and that it is impossible that the South
can get a repeal of this law by Congress, it does
seem to be very vain to have any dissension in the ft
South about it. It will inevitable divide and par- t<
alyze the South, and thus tehd'torkeep her in the p
present Union. Nothing can bo more congenial
to the policy of the North than that the Southern
States, on an impracticable issue, should divide
and make parties amongst themselves, nnd thus jj
render a hearty union, against their encroachments
and aggressions, an impossibility. If matters go e
on as they have begun on tbis?ubject, the mischief ft
will be immense." h
The Convention has determined to hold its next ti
annual meeting in Vicksburg, Mississippi. h
*??? o
For the Yorkville Enquirer. '
? V
PINE GROVE DIVISION. .
Mr. Editor:?By inritatiou of Pine Grove Division
I attended their demonstration on Saturday ?
last. This Division is located near Antioch ohurob ^
on King's Creek. The assemblage on the occasion,
taking all things in consideration, was respectable ^
in numbers and was graced by ? handsome collec- ~
tion of the better part of oar kind, from the staid ^
matron to the sprightly, blooming maiden in all ,
the glow and freshness of life. Kind feeling, har- n
mony and the utmost decorum both in the Sons
and oitizens characterized this demonstration. No ^
meeting of the kind any where could prove more ^
pleasant, or evidence a higher respect for the amenities
of social oxistence and that good order ^
which should mark an Intelligent community.?
On arrival in the neighborhood 1 learned an impor- c
taat fact, the very reverse of an apprehension for- ^
merly received and entertained. Antioch is a nu- g
merons Baptist congregation. So far from being t|
a whiskey-distilling and dram-drinking church, r
the congregation, as I have been informed, hi^ve ^
actually passed a law fortidding any of its mem- c
bers from distilling, retailing, or uting intoxicating ^
drink, and have proceeded tq enforce the regulation
by an aotnal expulsion of several members
for violation of the church law. The Baptists of ^
Antioch insist on the position, that they are a to- ^
tal abstinence congregation. If my information ^
be correct, Antioch?on Kings Creek?in a graingrowing
region?in a section not long since covered
with still-houses?is far, very far in advance,
in the Temperanoe cause, of every other religious
denomination in York District, unless we except ^
the Methodists. If the strong and influential men Q
wrawo nnw frx nnhft rri h
U1 aunu^u VUI'^logauvu ?fv?v UVTT *v ?**?v ,, ... ^
the members of Pine Grove Division in inculcating
the principle of total abstinence?meet with, and
encourage the young men, who are not mem- j(
bers of any religious denomination, in shunning
the use of intoxicating drink?in using all their
influence with those dram-drinkers, who now feel
sustained by the example of church members in *
keeping aloof from a Temperance sooiety, who can
calculate the important good, whioh might thereby
be produced on the whole neighborhood, affecting ^
society no'; only in its temporal but eternal inte- **
rests? Can any man, when he comes to die, who ai
who has refased to throw the whole weight of his b
influenco into the scale of total abstinence and against
the nse of the intoxicating poison, lay his
hand on his heart and say, be ia aura his example
has not sent some soul to a drunkard's grave and
the realities of a drunkard's hell ? Let christians *
reflect, and answer to their own enlightened con- D
seiences. How can any man be sure in such a 11
61
case ? The Son of Temperance, if he have discharged
his whole duty in this respect, can have n
an approving assurance. The Sons can reach men,
whom the Church dare not take into its commu- 11
nion. The writer is under the impression, a cer- U
tain congregation in York has not admitted into
its palo a single male adult communicant during 11
the last eighteen months without being first a Son a
of Temperance. ? - '
After an address of a couple of hours in length,
and partaking of a bountiful pic-Jiic, prepared s|
and superintended by the ladies of the vicinity, the B1
writer was compelled, to reach home, to be the 4
first to break away from the agreeable scene.
? "
NEW YORK CORRESPONDENCE. U<
New York, May 15, 1858. 01
May is the month of anniversary celebrations ?
in New York. Lola Montxz and the "Grand - b
Turk" had their day, but from that time up to this- w
month, a dull quiet reigned, and a foreboding w
calm enveloped "the Metropolitan City." Socie- 1B
ties and Clubs, representing every phase of fanatical
nonsense and religious bigotry, hold sessions
daily. Some are in harmoniouf concord, others ftl
set to by the ears. There is the Woman's Rights
Convention, consisting of Rev. Astoinettr Brown, e(
?1- * - . T trrtv 9fn?r wnmnn man T.OVT) 1
WU11C VTUJUIfcU, UVUi
Gabbison, man-woman and striker-general; with ffl
a host of other wonten, men and children (babies *8
excluded,) of all sbedes and colors, from milky ^
white to sooty black. These philosophers recom- w
mend a crusade, at the point of the bayonet, in ?'
favor of the recognition of the "nyAfi" of the P:
gentler Bex ; which is good policj and a practical 18
idea, if the leaders themselves will take the ini- 81
tiative, and commence where charity begins?'at
home. 0:
Then there is the Abolition Sooiety, made up of ^
Bible Hiile Beecheb, Feed Douolas (oolored,) tl
Sewahd, & Co., anil -'Deed Scott" Chbeveb, with ^
a host of mingled colors that give to the conclave ?'
an aspect, resembling a pot of boiling speckled ^
and black beans. Fred and "Daddy" Chbeveb
take strong grounds against the Union and Gov- se
ernment, which, in their views, are founded on
the liberties of a free people, and better than ^
which they are always prepared to construct at 8t
the earliest warning, without charge. It is hard w
to say which of the "beloved two" is the most re- P1
spectable character, if respect and character comes 8<
in question. The one has elevated himself from 10
the humble sphere of an. inferior race, but it is 10
not quite so certain that the other has taken either 81
a step lower in the scale of life or reflected any
honor on his sable companion. The "nigger" is to
the best man of the two. Chbeveb still screeches tb
occasionally to a favored fow about the "peculiar u]
institution," but the "institution," like every one n<
else, is heartily tired of him; while Beeohsb has, cl
in the main, subsided into the quietude and seem- ti
ing content of a satiated suoking calf. In the e<
great farce of Abolition, Bkecheb plays the "lion's w
part," while his copyist, Cheevbb, acts the "ass" d<
or "moonshine," according as Fbxd shakes this hi
wand or that. w
The American Tract Sooiety, an institution well P1
known in the religious world South, has just P]
passed through a trying ordeal on the Abolition 111
question. An attempt was made by Cheevib and a?
one Lewis Tappan, a notorious abolitionists, to
have incorporated into tracts, under sanction of tr
the Tract Society, some wholesome abolition sentiments
and principles, for distribution in the w
"benighted and ungodly land of slavery." They ht
were defeated at all points, but the effort made, ^
snows too well a triumph for them at no very ai
distant day. ai
The whole Churoh business, North and South, P*
must exist separately; and it is high time the lat- P'
ter was awakening from her lethargy, and assuming
that vigilance which looks to self-defenoe.? ac
Commercial interests are powerful; and strong, of
continued, and irresistable, must be the force that of
snaps them. But let it be remembered that our of
country will soon, alas 1 too soon 1 have nothing pi
else upon which to hang a hope for the Union. vi
Rev. Robinson Scott, a Methodist Minister of ol
Ireland, who has been canvassing the Northern
States in behalf of the Irish of "Old Erin," ires "i
jmpliraented with a dinner at Niblo's for having
acoeeded in raising a round hundred thousand
ollars to be carried out of the country, and apcopriated
to converting hog-trotting Irish Cath[ics
of the Roman stripe, into up-land Protestnts,
a task about as easy as that of evangelizing
wandering Arab. But in this age of Fillibnssrism
we may not be surprised to see its princiles
creeping into the sacred desk, as well as into
ic Southern Commercial Convention.
Tlie great stroet of money operations, not only for
ew York, but the whole United States, has ncvr
had a very enviable reputation for honesty and
iir dealing; and whatever this reputation was, it
as not been bettered by a late series or transac
ons, squinting in the wrong direction, which
are come to light In clearing away the rubbish
f the late financial revulsion, it was discovered
intone "Hehbt Dwioht, Banker and BrokeT,
fall street," had committed deeds sufficient to
ring him up before the officials on charges of
erjury, embezzlement and conspiracy to defraud
i relation to a certain Western Railroad. It seems
iat he managed to get ioto the Directory of the
tmd in question, and then succeeded in securing
eats for his clerks and minions as Directors until
e had a majority in his favor, when he issued
onds to large amounts in payment of private
lairas ho way connected with the road. He is
ow endeavoring to render an account of his stew
rdship in the shape of a public trial; bat although
ie State prison may be in view, he stands his misirtunes
with the complacency of a filibuster.
There has been an accident on a Railroad in
lis State, recently, in whioh the killed amounted
> nine and the wounded to fifty-five. It was
aused by the passage of two trains, express and
aggage and freight, over a rotten bridge at the
nme time, the combined weight of both crashing
tie frail structure. The persons in charge of the
oad are endeavoring to exonerate themselves from
lame, but they had been warned of the condition
f the bridge for some time previously, therefore,
bey are justly held culpable and responsible.
The weather is very glbomy and sadly out of
ear. It rains almost every day, and one olear
ay to the week is as much as can be reasonably
oped for. When that day comes, New York may
c seen on Broadway, from 8 to 6 o'clook, P. M.
The orisis in money affairs does not seem to have
ffeoted the sales in crinolines in this city. The
idies arc just as extravagant and non-approachble
as ever. Silks t silks! nothing but silks!
[nook-kneed gentlemen are now very much in deland
as gallants, because they are found on trial
0 discompose the "dear, sweet cririoGne" very
inch less in walking with the "Flora MoFlimbts"
than do gentlemen with their legs "dished*
1 the opposite direction. SETH.
For the Yorkrille Eoqnirer.
O THE PEOPLE OF YORK DISTRICT.
As I differed in opinion from the minority'of the
elegation of this District, on the all absorbing
nestion which was agitated in the last Legislate,
and as I was led, from conrictions of duty
ad a sound policy, to oppose the action of that
ody in snspending the operation of the Aot of
840, making suspended Banks liable to pay into
le public Treasury, 5 per cent, on their notes in
irculation ; I had hoped, after returning home,
iat any further controversy as to the subject,
onld have been suffered to slumber forever ; as
othing, in my judgment, could be effected prolotive
of the public good, by blowing alive the
mbers of discord which had blazed so fiercely dung
the discussion before the Legislature; and
iat in the coming canvass, questions of different
nport, and of more immediate bearing, perhaps,
pon the country's welfare, would have engaged
le public mind. The aotion of the last session is
revocable?the mischief done, is now irremedible.
But in this expectation I am disappointed,
t the last Extra Term of the Court of Common
leas for this District, the Grand Jury, in pursuance
of the charge delivered to them by the pre
ding Judge, in which they were, as they olways
re, told that it was their province and duty to
resent all matters coming within their observaon,
touching the general welfare of the comma
ity?submitted a presentment in which they took
tension to notice the deleterious influence of the
irrupt and perverted system of Banking in South
arolina, and to characterize these institutions as
ighly hurtful to the general prosperity of the
lontry; in which opinions and suggestions they
ere warmly sustained by the venerable Judge,
i a'spirited response to their presentment from
te Bench. And now, this act of the Grand Ju
j has been seised upon as a pretext for re-opt ning,
:'ter the eleventh hour, a discussion of the sub
ot upon wbioh the Legislature has already pass
1. A writer over the signature of "W,"?who
assume, was one of the delegates who voted
>r the relief of the Banks; from his professed
.miliarity with the details of the debate in the
egisiature, and also because of the faot, that-it
as generally understood before the publication
! his article, that he would appear in the public
rints?has entered the deserted field with a flourh
of trumpets, after the battle had been fought
id the victory wou; and by a multifarious prolction
of considerable length, has attempted to
touipatq the Banks from the just censures doe to
teir many offences, as well as to defend the aeon
of the last Legislature absolving them from an
jnest liability, inourred by the doable sanctions
' their own contracts, and the laws of the land.
rith what success, remains yet to be questioned.
I deeply regret the necessity of obtruding my lf
npon the pnblio notice through the press at
lis time, but inasmuch as I am, indirectly
longh not designedly arraigned before my conituency
to answer for my official conduct, by the
riter, in his advooacy of a measure which I opised
with aH my might, I feel that I owe it to myslf,
and also to those coinciding with me in opinn,
that I should say something in vindication of
y course in reference to the question under conderation.
In regard to the article to which I now propose
i invite public scrutiny, I must in candor say,
lat while I am very far from endorsing his views
pon the subject of Banks and banking, and have
i patience at all with either his premises or oonusions
touching the action of the last Legislate,
that he has made his statements and deliver1
his opinions in a calm and dispaslonate, manner
orthy of emulation. In this particular I will en>avor
to respect his example. For his manner I
ive great regard?for bis matter very nine. i
ill not aim at a thorough discussion of the right
rinciples and theory of banking; it is the syBtem
f&cticed in our midst with which we have more
mediately to do. In South Carolina, the one is
i far from the other, as the laws which govern
ie vegetable kingdom are from those which conol
the solar syBtem. Besides, I regard it as enrely
dehon the issue mainly presented by the
riter, although in his rambling commentary, he
is dilated at Borne length upon the usages of
e Banks, and their great utility to the country,
id has indulged in the most extravagant eulogies
id strange assertions touching the benefits and
ivilegej flowing from these incorporations to the
iblio.
Before I proceed to consider the policy of the
ition of the last Legislature, I will notioe some
the positions taken by the writer on the subject
Banks and banking generally. Aft^r speaking
their method of operation, and contrasting their
ivileges under a charter with that of any indidual
to bank upon his own capital without a
tarter, he says: "these individuals are far better
ithout the trammel of incorporation and again,
the whole advantage of incorporation is, that it
I . i *.
brings together associated capital," Ac.?meatunj
thereby, if meaning anything, that a charter of in
corporation confers nc privileges over those enjoy
ed by any private individual under the laws of tb
land, and that, therefore, an incorporated Banl
assumes no higher obligation, nor more sacre*
trusts to the State and people when it issues it
promises to pay, than any private man does,
know this has been a popnlar clamour with som
of the friends of the Banks who are "not familia
with the subject of banking," and it strikes m
that these are made either without due reflection
or a proper comprehension of the nature and char
acter of an incorporation. Is it so, now, that
banking company derive from their charter, n
privileges and advantages more than every citizei
enjoys under the laws of the land ? Suppose
private man makes his bills on demand, for te
times the amount of his capital, which he mar
ages to pat into circulation, and when payment i
demanded which he is unable to meet, he is sue
for the amount of his notes ; does be enjoy th
same privileges with a stockholder of a Bank, whic
is unable to pay her bills? Does the mot
ignorant not know that his property is liable fc
the last farthing of principal and interest due o
his notes ? Does the most ignorant not know the
after all his tangible property is exhausted m
der the Sheriffs hammer, that his body is y<
answerable for the debt, and may be incacert
ted in the four walls of a jail until he renders
schedule of his whole estate, tangible and intai
gible, in satisfaction of his creditor's demand
How stands the case with a stockholder of a chai
tered Bank ? A liability for more than donbl
the amount of his capital stock is imposed by th
oharter of no Bank in South Carolina. Let th
8beriff then sell the chairs and tables of a bankin
house for a liability of $1,000,000, incurred by
Bank with a nominal capital of $800,000. L<
him then sell $600,000 worth of the property <
the stockholders?the extent of their liability on th
debt of $1,000,000?by law, leaving a balance i
$400,000 unpaid, which may be in the pockets <
the stockholders, and consequently a loss to thi
extent, to the holders of the Bank bills. Can yo
take the body of the Bank and compel her to di
gorge this $400,000 by imprisonment? The wr
ter will bear in mind that there is a difference b<
tween a corporate body and a corporeal body. J
gain, "the charter does not give those bills the
value," and "you may issue twenty dollars to one,
460., says tne writer, is it true mat me cuaru
gives no valne to these bills?lends them no credi
and gives no aid in making them onrrent e
money? Very far from it. Can your notes offere
in payment of my debts, if not objected to by m
creditor, be pleaded in our, Court as a legal tei
der ? Of course not! Are the bills of an ii
corporated Bank, not objected to when offered i
payment of a debt, a legal tender ? Most assurec
ly they are. Are Tax Collectors required to receii
your notes in payment of my taxes? Every or
knows they are not and dare not do so. Are the
commanded to receive the bills of incorporate
Banks in payment thereof ? We all know that pei
haps every dbllar of taxes in the State is paid h
Bank notes. Is it true that an Act of incorporatk
oonfers no privileges ? The assertion is idle and al
surd. Again. In addition to the valne given to the:
Bank bills by the laws of the State, in recogniiii
them as a sound currency for certain importai
purposes, credit is given to Bank notes in anothi
point of view. Ihe Legislature when incorporate
Banks in this State has made provision in the
charters for compelling them to redeem their pi
per with coin at the will of the holder, in order 1
secure a sound currrency to the country. It
then the duty of the Legislature to see to it th?
the Banks faithfully comply with their obligi
tions ; and believing, as we do, that the Legists
tore will perform their duty in the premises,
does afford, in some sort, a guaranty that the bill
of the Bank so incorporated, may be received t
a sound oiroulating medium. And it is not ape
our personal knowledge of the responsibility of tfa
stockholders, as the writer has it, that we tak
these bills; for we receive and circulate tl
notes of Banks as freely as coin, withont knov
ing the name of a single stockholder. Scmnc
for the notion that a B^nk charter is a small mat
ter, a mere "trammel." We have seen that big
privileges and immunities are conferred upon thes
corporate bodies by their charters, and the ot
ligation assumed by them to afford a sound our
rency is of a most solemn character. For a faitk
fal discharge of their sacred trust, they should b
held to the strictest account. Have .the Banks o
South Carolina furnished this ourrency? Hav
they confined their operations within the legit!
mate scope of banking, and thus faithfully endea
vored to meet their obligations to the State an
people ? Ltt their suspensions, their sharping, she
ving, kiting, and usurious broking, answer!
In the communication of the writer, we fin
these words: "And coin is not always to be had
and though the basis of the circulating medium
can never be so abundant as to supply the want
of the world." It strikes me that this is a net
idea in political economy. By what method c
computation could he ever have arrived at thi
result ? flow is it that all the gold' in the worl
would be insufficient to buy all the valuables ii
the world, the value of .which would be regulate*
or measured precisely by this quantity of gold
were there no other circulating medium of ficti
tious value, such as Bank bills, &o ? All propert
has merely a relative value, and if coin were th
only ciroulating medium, the current price of ev
ery chattel would be measured by the quantity ii
circulation. It is a gross mistake to suppose thai
ii sufficiency of gold and silver can not be affordei
to answer the commercial purposes of the world
One half or one decimal of the quantity now ex
iating would be amply sufficient The nomine
value or prices of merchandise would be decrease*
in proportion to the diminution of the gold, whicl
is the measure of values. It is true that a pape
currency is more convenient, easy of transporta
tion, and may very properly be used in the plao*
of coin. It is immaterial whether it be paper oi
horn, so that it be convertible into coin. But it h
a fatal error, that Banks are necessary to furnisl
a sufficient quantity of a circulating medium foi
commercial purposes ; that a great abundance o
Bank bills in circulation, caused by an extrava
gant expansion of issues, brings a permanent pros
perity to a country. It is true, when the countr]
is flooded with these bills, a stimulus is given
* * * * * " ?* ? ? - ?J n?Ann?^i
&I1 Kind8 01 6Ql6rpnov ttuu s^cuuiauuu) |/iv|>vtig
assumes for the time, an enhanced value; and al
interests seem to flourish, when suddenly one o
the thousand contingencies, which effect in as man]
ways the commercial and other interests occur
and checks the even but rapid pace in which ai
things are moving, soon confidence in success oj
security is lost. Payments are demanded?it
short, a "run is made," and upon the refusal oi
one Bank to redeem its paper promptly, a pani<
seizes all classes of the industrial community, anc
spreads like wild fire. A fearful finanoial orasl
is the consequence, with its train of untold evila
blighting and blasting eveiy interest in its dirt
coarse. The over-issuing by the Banks is th<
cause of financial revulsions: and it was fron
this cause, doubtlessly, that this pressum is noa
upon us.
I do not wish to be understood as advooatinf
the adoption of an exclusive metalio currency
at once. Suph a sudden revolution in our finan
cial system would certainly iead to disastroui
results. I do not say, though, that this may no'
become the issue, at no very remote period; but ]
aim simply to show that the idea that Banks ar<
an indispensable publio necessity; that thej
make money more plentiful, and, therefore, oon
I tribute to the general prosperity, is highly erro*
neons apd delusire; that by the elrealatioD of
- fire dollars of paper, to one of actual capital, or
s tea dollars of paper to one- of coin, a morbid
c stimulus is applied to all braoches of trade, and
1 men are prompted to haxardous speculations, which
s always will, sooner or later, result in distress and
I disaster, s The Banks, by expanding their issues to
e au unlawful extent, 'are lnstrnmental in bringing
r about those periodical flnanclat crises,
e To follow the writer a little father in his eona
mentary. He says, in speaking of the use of this
currency in enabling the planter to sell his cotton,
a "yon take, say 50 bales Of cotton to market, say
o Chester, one of the cotton buyers purchases your
a cotton, the ?ank loans him the money, and he
a pays y?o- He pays interest to the Bank?yon
n pay none." How I freely acknowledge my entire
t- want of capacity, to comprehend what he means
s by the words "yon pay none," and Iallode.to
d them, not because they involve a great politieal
e problem, the solution of which may enlighten and
h benefit mankind generally; but simply to direct
it attention to the ridiculous excess in which a tealir
ons devotee will unconsciously indulge when laudn
ing the object of his admiration. Does he mean
it that the Banks confer peculiar and unmerited
i- favors upon us by not exacting interest on the
it money for which we have sold our cotton ? b it
i* true that we are indebted to the condescending
a grace of these beneficent institutions, that we are
t- permitted to hold or use our money for wbieh we
T have sold our cotton or oorn, without being rt>
r- quired to pay them interest thereon for all time to
le come? Were it not most uncharitable to conclude
.e that the writer would pen words on this grave
ie question, by which he meant nothingthai
ig "charity which thinketh no evil" might say, thai
& he indeed did mean nothing, but that, "he ought
st not so to have written." Again, he advaocea an
of opinion which stands in glaring Inconsistency
te with the general tenor of his dissertation upoti
sf the .benefit of Banks to the country. After urging
)f their absolute necessity and great eonmbnoe to
st the public, declaring their sole inetromeutality tn
u providing the means for the purchase of our eot3*
ton, and deprecating certain rumors, charging mis
i- conduct upon th? Books !n the management of
b- their agencies in. the West, be ooncludes'? pnrni
i- graph by saying, '.the great mistake was in oharir
tering eo many Banks." Why a mistake to charter
" so many Banks, which alone, can afford themeana
;r of purchasing our crops; and are an indispeasat,
ble public necessity ? Why a mistake to charter
is so many of these benign institution#, -whole ethe?
d real tenderness, and most gracious forbearanee,
j suffer us worthless mortals, who may owe not a
i- farthing in the world, to bold our money, horses
i- and negroes, without requiring us to pay them 6
n per cent, annually ? The wonder is, the writer
1- did not attain a more logical dedaotion, and ?on e
elude that the great mistake was, in ohsrteringtoo
ie few Banks I
y But is the assertion true, that tha Banks, alone,
d cau afford the means of selling our cotton at remnr
nerative prices ? When we hear our talented Sena*
y tor in Congress (Mr. Hammond) announoe the starin
tling proposition that the South has lost $30,000,3
000 oqthe last orop, by the defalcations of Banks;
ie we are told, by their apologists, that they have no
ig agency in depressing the prices of eotton?that
it foreign markets control the prices. Then egnin,
;r as in the case before us, we are told that the
ig Banks entirely control the market 1 It scarcely
ir admits of a doubt, that were it not for the Banks
i- or their minions?who are furnished by them With
to the means?intercepting a direct trade between
is the cotton producers and the manufacturers, cat
it the Liverpool and Havre buyers, our cotton would
i- command a higher and more uniform price. The
i- operation between the South and European marit
kets would be very simple. The planter would
Is sell to the manufacturer for a fair price, the Same
is being always regulated by the honest law of sopin
ply and demand; the market would be free from
e these alternate depressions and excitements wtnch,
:e to the great detrimentof the honest planter, arum*
te perinduced by the manoeuvring and trickery ot
r- sharpers and speculators. True, it is inpraotien*
h ble for the planter, in person to sell to the nwmi*
fac tnrer, bat, which amounts to the same result, bis
h factor or commismission merchant, coold sell to the
0 agent of the manofaotarer; for why is it impracd*
) cable for the manufacturer to purchase, through bis
agent or otherwise, directly from the Southern mar*
1 kets, that artiole, witbout-which, his costly macbiMe
ry must be stopped, his capital dissipated, and hit
f ruin rendered inevitable; and more than all, why
a * jf'* *
e can no means be devised to bny directly from Soui
them ports, that which is necessary to afford em*
- ployment of millions of European capital, and
d upon which countless hosts of human beings are
h dependent for daily employment and their daily
bread T It was repeatedly asserted on the floor
d of the House of Representatives daring the Bank
It discussion, and not successfully contradicted, that
i, the gold and silver had then been deposited in the
8 hands of agents at Charleston, by English menuv
facturers or buyers, for. the purpose of purchasing
'f cotton; and why should it not be true, when we
s remember that the Banks Jhad refused, for the
d time, to furnish the means of buying,, which nec0
essarily out off the necessary supplies from the
d foreign machines; and the foreign purchaser wss
1 -then compelled to make the effort to bay directly
- for himself. Direct trade between the producer
f and consumer would necessarily obtain,' bdt for
e the monopoly of home speculators aqd Yankees,
acquired and held by the aid of {he Banks. It ia
i to the interest of the Banks ia this State, that this
t trade should be diverted from its natural channel
1 and made to pass through the hands of the Yen*
kees; as in doing so, it furnishes them with the
- best means of exchange on Northern cities, and
1 enables them to realize large profits from this
1 most lucrative branch of their business, that is,
!> dealing in Exchange! Liverpool and Havre are
r the principal cotton markets of the world, to
- which it mast ultimately find its way; and it is
5 idle to pretend that cotton must pass through the
r hands of a dozen speculators before shipped to
J the foreign markets, in order that the planter maj
> realize a (lair, price. It it were sold directly, as
r it should be, to the trans-atlantie merchant, the
f plaster would sure a large per cent, which now,
- by a sinuous course of trade is taken from him, to
- enrich the indefatigable Yankee.
I bare thus noticed some of the opinions advanced
in the article alluded to on the subject of
banking; and hare endeavored to expose the errors
and fallacies of certain assertions and prop*,
ositions announced by the writer, in order to
guard honest men, * ) are "not familiar with the
operations of -banking," against being misled by
their seeming plausibility. I will not attempt to
pursue him further in his tortuons rambles npon
this intricate scienoe,. of which those opposed to
the present corrupt system of banking, as the
writer intimates very broadly, are so very ignorant;
taking occasion to remark, that some of its
advocates contribute the highest evidence, that
they too, are amenable to the same oharge. If
ignorance on the part of the opponents of the present
corruptions and abuses of the Banks, constitute
an argument in their favor, with equal or a
till greater force does the Ignorance of their advocates
address itself ee an argument against
these institutions; for ignaranoe of the operation
and effects of any political measure, is the best
reason for rejecting it?neve* for'adopting it.
To consider now the notion of the last legisla*
tore. I suppose there is intelligence enough in
York Distriet to peredve by this time, notwithstanding
the ignorance imputed to their opponents
by the frienda of the JBeaka, with so much self>|
comphusaat nW^Uat the law enacted, euspcu