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Btwp & Jfacts. The Convention to form a State Government for Utah is to meet soon. The estimate of-Judge Druuimoud that the Territory has a population of 100,000 is thought to be nearly correct. According to the statistics recently published, the annual manufactures of Boston and its vicinity, and the other principal towns of Massachusetts, reaches the enormous amount of three hundred million of dollars, or one million for every working day in the year. The London Court Journal of the 5th of April says, that upwards of 7000 men of the Crimean army are under orders to proceed direct to Canada, with a view to the protection of the frontier in the event of hostilities with the United States. A quaint preacher in Alabama was in flistinunisli tli<* f rinrl TT I awuoiviuuu ?v ? ? ? Epistles of St. John by giving out?"John with the one eye," and "John with the two eyes." It was sometime before the people got the hang of it, but when they did the distinction answered very well. It is our painful duty to notice the death of Hon. R. B. Gilchrist, late Judge of the District Court of United States for ??.? ? vuiuiiua. ne was appointed to this office by Genial Jackson, and continued in the performance of its duties until within a few days of his death.? C'hurleston Standard Fred. Douglas, in a recent number of his journal, endeavors to be very savage upon Miss Murray, on account of her proslavery views. The late lady of the Queen's bed-chamber is terribly berated by this saucy "cullard pusson."- No doubt she will be deeply mortified should she ever hear of it. Fred, surpasses the Tribune in the vigor of his abuse, and is almost equal to it in coarseness. The following daguerreotype of his Satanic Majesty was given by a negro preach er iu Virginia to his "colored breddren "Stan' 'side, niggers, let me tell you I hab a dream, and see de debil! He hab an eye like de moon; and hab a nose like a canoe; he hab an ear same as 'bacca leaf; i he hab a shoulder like the Blue Ridge, and hab a tail like de rainbow !" . We learn through a gentleman, that ou Saturday last, Mr. B. Wilkins and Mr. Flanner, residents of Wilmington, N. C., j (accompanied by their friends,) fought a duel at Fair Bluff, S. C., and that Mr. Wil- , kins was killed on the third fire. The difficulty grew out of remarks made by Mr. W. which were denounced by a publication from the pen of Mr. Flanner, who immediatly received a challenge from the former.? Carolina Times. We learn that nine young men from t Marion District, passed through Kingsville ] on Thursday last cu route for Kansas.? t Among these was John B. LaBorde, Esq., T formerly of this city. By arrangement they ? were to meet the Georgetown company, un- a .1 A I. ~ 1 ... .1 1* f\..~ A..* All: - 1 uur me icuuuiMiip ui v/u[)itiiu jYiii>un, anu c go together. The two constitute a company of about forty, and will be a valuable acces- t sion to our strength in that region. South t Carolina is awake to the importance of the r issue, and remote as she is from the theatre e of war, feels that it is a common cause, and a will do her duty.? Carolina Times. r Never inquire thou of the editor the n news, for behold it is his business, at the n appointed time, to give it unto thee without * asking. It is not fit that thou shouldst ask f him who is the author of an article, for his a duty requires him to keep such things to " himself. When thou doest enter his office, '' take heed unto thyself-that thou dost not ,H look at what may be laying open; for that fl is not meet in the sight of good breeding.? c Neither examine thou the proof sheet, for it 0 is not ready to meet thine eye, that thou 'J mayst understand it. Prefer thine own city a paper to any other, and subscribe for it im- r mediately. Cay in advance, and it shall be well with thee and thy little ones. The office of the "American True t Flag," at Salem, Indiana, was broken into and demolished by a drunken, infuriated p mob on the uight of the 25th ultimo. All j. the type, with the exception of some job j type, was thrown on the floor, in a heterogen- ? ous mass of pi. The stands and cases were ,] nearly all smashed to pieces. Some of the c type were scattered all over the yard of the t office, and in the street. It unnears that the . "ladies" of the town had been mobbing all ( the liquor stores there, and that the editor c applauded them for their unlawful doings, 1 whereupon the liquor men mobbed the office i of the editor, and also outrageously attached 1 the dwellings ot several the ladies. None of \ the parties, unfortunately, have been arres- t ted. f ^ Alauson Douglas, deceased, of Troy, ' whose death was announced last week, left ' a very large property, variously estimated 1 from 8800,000 to SI,Ol/OjUOo. His iucouie ' from his property during the year 18f>f> ex- 1 ceeded SI00,000. His whole life, from r early manhood to old age, was devoted to j money?getting and keeping it. The "rul- ' ^ iug passion" was "strong" to the last. Af- ' ' ter bequeathing 8140,000 to each ' of his 1 ' children, and making a handsome bequesct 11 to the three Episcopal churches in Troy, Mr. >' Douglas reminded his family that he had a i' verbal agreement with his milkman, which i was to continue as long as they took milk j J from him, that every dollar's worth of tick-1 cts one ii'<i& to !>> thrown tn ! The milkman ' acknowledged the corn, hut said he had rather expected, in the hurry of business, | that Mr. Douglas would forget the "baker's : s dozen" bargain. | ^ The idea about the want of time 'to read is a mere phantom. Franklin found j I time in the midst of all his labors to dive J c into the hidden recesses of philosophy, and 11 to explore the untrodden path of science.? . t The great Frederick, with an empire at his i < direction, in the midst of war, on the eve j of battles which were to decide the late of < his kingdom, found time to revel iu the ' charms of philosophy and intellectual plea- j sures. Bonaparte, with all Europe at his i disposal, with kings in his antechamber beg-> ging for vacant thrones, with thousands of f men whose destinies were suspended by the j j britttle thread of his arbitrary pleasure, had j ( time to converse with books. Caesar, wheu t he had curbed the spirit of the ltoman peo-', pie, and was thronged with visitors from the |, remotest kingdoms, found time for intellec-' j tual conversation. Everyman has time; ifj, he is careful to improve it as well as he , might, he can reap a threefold reward. Let j , all make use of the hours at their disposal ! t if they want to obtain a proper influence in j t society. They can, if they please, hold in their hands the destinies of our Republic. A clerk in the Bank of England enters at the age of seventeen, on a saLry of one hundred and fifty dollars a year, with an additional hundred if he is punctual every morning. His salary is increased fifty dollars a year till his income reaches four hundred dollars. It is then raised twenty-five dollars a year until it reaches an annual salary of live hundred dollars. From that time the salary is increased at the rate of forty dollars a year, till the gentleman has worked himself up to the comfortable income of thirteen hundred dollars. But this is not all. Every employee of the bank is entitled to a retiring pension of an amount proportioned to the number of years he has served. After forty years service, we believe, a clerk is entitled to retire upon a pension equal to the amount of the salary he enjoyed at the time of his retirement. When a clerk is absent on leave, he forfeits thirty-three cents per day?an arrangement which has the double advantage of securing the bank from . >? nirihiro l?unlp?f. 111:111 tllG lllJpU31llUUj till 14 VI M courage to ask for leave of absence when it is necessary. Indeed, the system generally seems to us the only one by which a faithful service can be rationally expected. Counterfeits.?Gold coin of the de? nomination of 81 seem to be passing quite l>Ulinlvlpltiall .. tbc J>IOTOT>? t'iuivi They are made of zinc, plated and well executed, aud are apt to deceive the unwary. C|e?flr(iMKedEit(jutrer EDITED BY SAM'L W. MELTON JOHN L. MILLER. YORKVILLE, S. C. THURSDAY MORNING, MAY 8,1856. MILITARY ELECTION. Col. States Rights Gist was, on Saturday last, elected Brigadier General of the 9th Brignge S. C. Militia, vice Gen. 0. E. Edwards, resigned. R?\K OP CIIESTEU. I At a meeting of the Stockholders of the Bank Chester, held on the 5th instant, the following gentlemen were elected Directors for the ensuing year:? George S. Cameron, James Hemphill, Thomas McLure, Col. Wm. Wright, Samuel McAlilley, N. R. Eaves, W. D. Henry, S. W. Mobley, C. Caldwell, A. B. Springs, J. J. McLure, H. C. Brawley and W. A. Walker. At a meeting of the Board the same day, Geo. 3. Cameron, was unanimously re-elected Presilent. EDITORIAL CORRESPONDENCE. Columbia, Monday May 5. At a very late and unseasonable hour of the evening, my dear Enquirer, I take up my pen for lie purpose, more than any other, of asking to be sxcused from my favorite folly?a long and tedious , etter. In its stead I must request you to subjoin he report of the proceedings of the Convention, vhich, I presume, will appear in the morning Car- , >Union. They are for the most part preliminary, , md of little importance except as affording indi- ( ations of the action of the meeting on to-morrow. , About one hundred and fifty delegates arc in atendance, representing, I think, twenty two disricts ; and constituting a body which in point of espectability, dignity and weight of character is :qual, I venture to assert, toany that has for many , . year met here in convention. It is altogether a emarkable assembly. As a friend setting near < ie remarked, they arc nearly all tiori homines? i iow men, who, unknown to the public prints as j rell as to politics and politicians, have come fresh s roin the ranks of the people, and who look and ( ct like earnest men engaged in the performance | f honest duties for honest purposes. Since they < ave written their names in the hotel-registers, \ uu iieguu iu people uic sirceis, uie opposition ( Di ces congregating in ami around and abont tbe 1 ity arc not quite so mucli amused ; and after a areful examination, a. portion of tliein bad the j oldness even to hold a meeting, this afternoon, ( nd appoint a delegation from Richland! If this | espectable town cares for any one thing more , han another, it is to preserve its respectability ; < nd it now furnishes a sufficient?an abundant , ominentnry upon the character of the convention, j o know that Columbia has a voice in it. ] You will observe that the Convention was or- , ;anized by the election of Hon. F. W. ?ickcns, of Mgefield, President. Upon takiugthe chair, Col. ( 'ickens honored an invariable custom and made | Die of the most earnest, powerful and eloquent ad- , Iresses 1 have ever heard?reviewing the history ( if the several systems which, from time to time in | lie progress of our government, have been em- [ doyed to give direction to the political opinions if our people, and demonstrating, cogently and onclusively, m,t only that some plan is indispensnde, hut that the Oonvention-S3'stem, now in vogue, s linlde to less objections than any other which ins been or can be brought in requisition. It ras really a noble indication of tbe policy about o be adopted by the Democratic party of our , Date, and. coming from a statesman whose past listory is our ample guarantee for the honesty o lis motives, it produced a very marked effect. Alhough it was, of course, an ex tempore effort, I rust that the Convention will request a copy and irovide for its publication with the regular proicediugs. I ain glad to note the fact that the entire deleration from our district, promptly answering to he call, are present?Col. Beatty, Dr. Allison, dr. Uaitiey, J. L. M. Adains, Esq., and Mr- It. i. Springs. Having no precedent to govern their ictioii, the delegations from the several districts lo not conform to any specified number; and while oine have sent a number equal only to their re- | ircsentative in the Legislature, others have en- j arged their quotas ml HhHiun. As the Conven- I ion is merely a popular assembly, voting by disricts, this can of course make no material diflfer nce. Knowing that our district would be fully represented, 1 came with the design of occupying, the josition of courtesy accorded to those who are 'takin' notesand not having a right to a seat, did not expect further to participate in the proscedings. A dilfercnt position has been assigned o me, however, and in common with other "alernates" who happen to be present I have cnroll;d myself in the list. The Convention will probably adjourn to-morrow ,'vcning. I shall endeavor to send you, in time 'or this issue, a hasty skctcli of its doings. Yours, s. w. M. Wr.dnksday Morning, May 7. For a much better reason than that stupidly ^ive in Monday's paragraph, I must again coutent nyself with a word instead of a letter?the pro:eedings of the Convention being quite sufficient o fill up the quantain of space left for me in this reek's issue. At one o'clock yesterday the Contention adjourned aim* (fir, after a sessiion marked iv entire harmony of feeling and sentiment, a veil-sustained enthusiasm, and, we think, the nost gratifying success. If possible, 1 shall find oom, next week, for a more extended comment j lpon the proceedings, which will be found in ano,ker column. . j I For the Yorkville Enquirer. No. 2. THE POOL'S ROAD. "All dogs and fools who travel this road will be killed." Old Signboard. The above notice, in large Saxon letters, was once posted up at the fork of a road in England, the index pointing ominously to the broad beaten track referred to. It was long afterwards discovered to be a trick played off upon the public by the owners of the land through which the road led, and who had been heavily taxed to keep it ingood condition. The trick was not discovered, however, until some remarkable things were disclosed. The event happened during the reign of. the feudal system, when each Baron was a petty sovereign, invested with almost unlimited power over his vassals. The Barons being the lords of the soil, the tenantry conceded to thein the right to decide what class of persons, including dogs, should be permitted to travel the roads; and the above declaration posted on the sign-board was adjudged a legitimate decree of the sovereign authority; and the penalty of its infraction, though severe, one which the sovereign liau a rignt 10 inflict. The result was that no one would travel the road without a written permit from the feudal Lord, the fees for which were fixed at a rate so high as to amount to a prohibition. The road was wholly abandoned, therefore, except by the Lords themselves. Now, it will be observed that the interdict included only two classes of persons, to wit: dogs ana roots. A serious difficulty," neycrtnetw, arose in construing it which was argued somewhat after this fashion: Everybody knows a dog at first sight and while there are many fools who like dog? may be known at first sight, there are others whose cases cannot he so easily determined. Besides, who are to determine who are fools and who arc not? A man may decide in his own case that ho is not a phool, and therefore privileged to travel the road, and get killed for his pains; for we all know there are some phools who believe they are the wisest men in the realm. Now if it can he decided with certainty who the phools are, it would be the best policy, perhaps, to make them believe they,are very wise?a thing very easily accomplished?send them to travel the road, and thus have them killed out of our way and to the manifest advantage of the kingdom. To this argument it was replied that although it might be good policy to dispose of the phools in the way proposed, yet, there was another view of the case which presented serious difficulties; for, said the speaker, "if all the phools be killed, our population will not only be sadly diminished, but nearly every family in the realm must put on mourning." It was finally decided that it was the safest policy for no one to travel the road; and that, to make all secure, every one who had dogs and phools in their families should put brass collars around their necks, chain them to posts, and thus keep them at home. The plan worked admirably. In the first place, the Barons were no more taxed to keep the road in order. For many years, no phool's face was seen in public?a consummation devoutly to be wished for ! and, the dogs being chained and each kept within his owner's close, sheep-killing ceased altogether. Mutton became cheap in the market. The great interest of wool-growing was fostered and encouraged. The people were soon more comfortably clad. "'Warm Shetland hose and comfortable surtouts" took the place of the skins of beasts. The women ceased to gad and tattle, and took to spinning and knitting; and thus, by the fortunate thought recorded on that "old signboard,"* the foundation was laid (believe or not, reader, as you like; for I have nothing to do with your belief) for the immense system of woolen manufactures of Manchester, England, which warm the backs of a greater number of phools than, perhaps, the greater portion of the world besides. And what was the great thought which produced this change in the fortunes of England uul the world?_JThis, absolutely: It was embodi;d in the inscription upon that "old sign-board ;" for it was that which caused the dogs ami phools >f a shire in England to be chained at home; and the country, thus relieved of their presence and i letestablc influences, was left free to subserve its best interests. But at last, when the impulse thus given to English industry had taken root in the public mind, dearly indicating that the reform was permanent, ihc Barons claimed the honor of its authorship, ind disclosed the secret of the "old sign-board." Hie result was, although some acts of parliament ivere passcu aoriuging mc noeriy 01 me u?gs, me phools, unfortunately for the world, were turned oose and, to the great detriment of society, have roamed at large to this day; while in Democratic America, both these classes of the body politic ire permitted to run at lurge, and at the time of this writing may he seen almost any where, and it any time, going about in pairs?one dog and jne phool, the latter with a double-barrel gun on j liis shoulder, and former with a brass collar on j liis neck with the phonl's named engraved on it. I Now I wish it to be distinctly understood that j 1 use the word " fool," which I intend to soften and modify into "phool," in that sense onty in which it is employed, by the Barons, on the "old signboavd." I would not use it at all; but it is in the text and was on the sign-board, and I can't help 1 it. In truth, it is on the sign of the pliools them-1 selves, and I am not to blame for a proper rend-' ing of their own motto. Thus licensed, 1 shall use it according to the legal meaning of the term not in any offensive sense, hut as it is recognized and sanctioned by the common law of England, which, I remark <n passant, 1 do not myself exactly understand. Nor, further, am I a proficient in any natural science by which I can determine the ethnological characteristics of each individual which the world includes. 1 can classify them into types, species and groups, from the well- j known scientific fact that, although any given ! group or species ol'animal existences may present' great diversity of mental and personal phenomena, [ as they appear in the moustache, goatee, tusks, I color of the hair, thickness of the skull and skin, ! mental capacity, &c., yet, there arc always present certain traits of character which are common to the whole tribe and never vary in the phenome- ' na tliey present and by which eacli individual may ! be classified with infallible certainty. It is an admitted fact that sheep is" by fur the most profitable stock that a farmer can raise.? j But this source of profit is denied him by the dogs I and phools. The census of 1850 brought to our | knowledge the remarkable fact that there arc a-1 bout three millions of dogs in the United States, i The number of phools was not reported, nor was j it accessary ; as the numbers of each arc known to be about equal. Each phool has bis dug and each dog has bis phool: there is more mutuality in the world than is generally supposed, and when j the school-boy announced in the recitation room J that " twice two is four and twice four is two," lie was not so very wide of the mark after nil; especially in Shcepulogy when the dogs and pbools are unchained ! IV c arc now in this awkward predicament: If we memorialize the legislature to protect the sheep by suppressing the dogs, the ' politicians" pitch in to protect the dogs, in order to secure their owners' votes, who outnumber the owners of sheep: and the dogs, thus in effect voting by proxy, control the elections, choose the members of the legislature, and are therefore represented in that body, wbile the poor sheep, denied the political rights tbus conceded td the dogs, are not represented iu that body at all. The liberty of bciDg killed by the dogs is the chief franchise they enjoy, therefore ; and they would doubtless surrender that without complaining or dissolving the Union! The remedy for all this evil is plainly written upou that " old sign-board." But the politicians utterly ignor$ the sign-board policy, and as they govern, and be blind leaders of the blind at that, the phools and dogs keep the field. Now, I think I have conclusively shown that the country is greatly oppressed by dogs, phools?and politicians; the last class of the trio having been brought to light, as an animal before unknown, by the modern science of free suffrage, which the world knew nothing of in the days of that "old sign-board." If the sign-board policy, then, was undergoing discussion, I would move to amend by inserting the word "politician" after the word "fools," in order to make the policy conform to the condition of things in this country. The inscription, thus amended, would read thus: "All dogs, fools and politicians, who travel this road, will be killed." Could we thus pnss this decree and enforce it, it would be a glorious day in the annals of our country. But we not only cannot do it, but are -?-i:?-i i iv ?n UUII?CU IU MIIIIIIH iu UUU11IU1 tlWHiuvu v. *m the same connection. The statues of the State expressly forbid the creation of perpetuities, and in the very teeth of this law, by the ordinary progress of the country, dogs, fools and politicians are incorporated in perpetuity, with the right attached of a perpetual succession of membership; And while the thinking portion of our population admit that they should be sent to travel on the phools' road, infallibly nnd immediately, yet the common law, as well as the phool law, principles corffcnr m forhiddingit. "In addition to ibis, it is an admitted legal maxim that every citizen has the right to buy his peace, by a compromise with his antagonist litigant, without prejudice to the merits of his cause in Court. But no citizen of this country has sufficient means to purchase exemption from the painful ordeal of beholding, wherever he goes, the repulsive and offensive spdctacle of the snob and his dog promenading the streets together, in all the insepcrability of their sociology, and too often we see a group of dogs, snobs and politicians, enjoying life together over the cups of "bald face," freely handed round at the politicians expense! Every department of society comes in for its share of the evils of this system. The " fast" 3'oung man goes to College upon funds earned, perhaps, by his father at the anvil, and there he soon makes the discovery that he is already quite smart enough without book "larnin." He kicks up a rumpus in the Steward's Hall, obtains his dismissal, comes home riding on the deck of the stage-coach, or astride of a Railroad locomotive, buys a " double-barrel" on his father's credit without even so much as saying " by your leave, sir," gives the word "heigh on!" to his pointer which, he tells you in pompous style, he obtained, as a great favor to himself personally, from the kennels of Tattersal; and, fipnlly plunges into the broom-sedge, where no game larger than a cock-sparrow has jingled formany a season. The hunt of course proves unproductive, save in sundry rents in his vesuvius-colored unmentionables. The " evening shades" draw near, and, as the last resort of his manly aspirations, he thunders away for an hour, to the great detriment of his ammunition-chest, at the leather-winged bats that pursue the insect tribes over his head; then, wants his horse, and, precisely at sun-set glooming, he gallops into town at break-neck speed?his doublebarrel gracefully poised upon his thigh, his pointer yelping at his heels, and he all the while not at all doubting that the trading school misses will flock in admiring crowds to the windows to gaze in admiration upon the mighty Nimrod, and that he will "bag" the prettiest nnd richest amongst them just whenever he says the word?"that's all! demme!" No one will doubt that he is already upon the fool's road, and that lie richly deserves the penalty denounced by the old sign-hoard, and for his country's good. The only cure for this class is to chain him to a post, and, as the dyspeptic takes bitters, apply the birch-rod thrice a day. The next subject is a little dumpy, round-faced young man, with limbs moulded after the model of a wax doll?small hands?small feet?a mincing, affected, dove-like walk?his face completely smothered in bristly hair, imparting to his countenance the appearance of a brass-bullet-button, mounted in the centre of a coal-black cockade.? lie sports a small whalebone cane, mounted with a pearl or agate head-piece. A long-haired spaniel waddles along at his heels, the face thereof, both in hair and physiognomy, bearing a striking similitude to the substitute for a man?his companion. With costume unmistakeably denoting I.J?? mamV tliio nil/loil fi r?n>ia-Vino/1 aP o II IS IIICIIW11 I uliaj llllo j;iiuvm ligUiV-ilVHU vi i* fishing boat will promenade the principal streets, "from dewy morn to golden eve," just to let folks see what a pretty little dumpling of a man he is. And the young ladies, bethinks, will look at him .vo, too, and in ecstacy declare he is a "lovely duck of a man." lie, too, is on the fool's road; and the penalty prescribed upon that "old signboard" is the only cure for his malady. The type now presents another phase. The subject is taller and his outlines more angular. His dog conforms to the man, by a sort of mysterious sympathy which Agassiz alone can explain. The chin of this subject prospects forward and curves upward, like the point of a bull-tongue plow. The goatee jots forward, too, like a dish-faced fan, of which the chin is the stem. Expanding and developing from the stem, it first widens and then narrows by describing an elliptical arc on each side and terminating at a point about eight inches from the chin. Now, in its full-fledged stage of progress, it bears an apt resemblance to the cowcatcher of a railroad locomotive, turned bottomside up and placed horizontally, the concave superior surface having the capacity of a large-sized pickle dish. In this plight he "looms up" in the streets, and, like a clipper ship, his facinl rudder dividing, by twelve inches at least, the wind in advance of his headway. He appears at the bars of the hotels and every where else, with a cane corresponding with his other pretensions, and a watch-seal pendant, of doubtful metal, about the size of a sleigh-bell, and chain to match, lie has a sort of ilemiiie.' gait and swagger. His words have an air of positivity and ferocity about them, which makes one recoil when they are uttered just as we are startled by the roar of the lion.? He drinks well?bald-face, or anything else he can get. He and his dog both live, but 110 one can tell exactly how. He, (00, is on the fool's road, and upon him the penalty of the "old sign-board" should be visited, without benefit of clergy. Hut, Messrs. Editors, the text on that old signhoard is too comprehensive for one lecture. The fool's road is crowded with travellers, and I must defer numerous other individual portraitures, until I can pay my respects to them in a future number. ' JUVENAL. Congressional. In the Senate, May 1st., Nicarnguan affairs were mooted by Mr. Weller, who called for all extant correspondence of an official nature. He condemned the course of the Administration in not recognizing "the existing Government" of Nicaragua, and defended Gen. Walker from the charge of fillibustoring, saying that he was 110 freebooter, but an amiable gentleman, actuated by the purest of motives. Mr. Weller wanted no war, but he desired a stable government in that country, which would only beseemed by an infusion of Anglo Saxon blood. As to the l'unama riot, Mr. Weller said that the most friendly relations continued with the Government of New Granada, and he had no doubt that that Government would do justice as far as lay in its power. Mr. Douglas made a very brief speech, in which he charged that the Clayton Bulwer treaty was daily violated by Great Britain. He regarded Walker's government as legitimate, nnd the Nicaraguans threw off the Spanish yoke. He thought we should rather encourage emigration thither; and, though he would support the neutrality laws, he would not go a hair'3 breadth beyond their strict letter. From the Carolinian. Convention of Delegates. Pat rruoti Maw A 1 The Convention met in the City Hall, this evening, at 8 o'clock. On motion ofQen. Gadberry, Dr. Thos. E. Powe was called to the Chair, and Thomas Y. Simons, jr., requested to act as Secretary. On motion of E. G. Palmer, the roll was called by districts. Col. B. II. Wilson moved that a Committee be appointed to prepare rules for the government of the Convention and to nominate officers : B. II. Wilson, W. T. Ellerbe, B. H. Rutledge, Motte Pringle, James Patterson, J. E. Tobin, Thos. Thomson, II. I. Caughman, 0. E. Edwards, W. A. Roshorough, T. M. Muldrow. The Committee recommended, For President?Hon. F. W. Pickens. For Vice. Presidents?Hon. G. Cannon, Hon. C. W. Dudley, Mr. E. W. Edgerton, Dr. J. F. Poppenlioim, Col. W, C. Beatty, Hon. W. Blakeney, Hon. B. F. Perry, Hon. E. G. Palmer, Hon. C. P. Sullivan. Secretaries?Thomas Y. Simons, jr., Samuel G. Earle, Arthur Simpkins, F. Gaillard, J. A. Inglis, S. W. Melton. On?Motion of Henry Buist, Esq., A Committee was appointed, who conducted the Presideni-to the Chair, when he returned his ac knowledgments in a very eloquent address to the Convention. On motion of Gen. McGowan, a resolution was offered to appoint two delegates from each Congressional district to report resolutions: Gen. McGowan, lion. A. Evins, J. E. Tobin, J. A. Inglis, W. R. Robertson, Col. W. C. Beatty, J. L. Petigrn, R. McBeth,M. Phillips, 0. P. McRoy, H. I. Caughman, I. J. Rice. Mr. Perry offered a series of resolutions, which were refered to the Committee of Twelve. Mr. Gadberry offered a resolution that all resolutions relative to the representation at Cincinnati, or to a platform, summittcd to this Convention bo referred to the Committee on Resolutions without debate. Mr. G. N. Reynolds moved that a Committee of Twelve be appointed by the chair, for the purpose of recommending four delegates for the State at large?which was carried, and the following committee appointed. G. N. Reynolds, J. Patterson, J. C. Brown, Dr. J. P. Watts, Jas. Farrow, S. Rainey, Hon. W. T. Ellerbe, Lucean Lomax, Col. T. C. Law, B. H. Rice, j. D. Strother, A. McKenzie. Mr. Blakeney moved that the delegation from each Congressional District of the State constitute Special Committees to nominate two delegates in the Cincinnati Convention, and that they report such nomination to the Convention. Mr. G. N. Reynolds offered a series of resolutions, which were referred to the Committee on Resolutions. Mr. E. P. Jones offered a series flf resolutions, which were also referred. Mr. B. F. Perry offered a series of resolutions, which were also referred. wr. a. r. uranam moveu inai an conductors 01 the journals of the country be invited to take a seat on this floor. Mr. R. W. Robertson moved that R. W. Oibbes he appointed printer to the Convention, which was agreed to. Gen. McGowan gave notice that the Committee on Resolutions meet at Hunt's Hotel, at 9 a. m., to-morrow. Mr. Reynolds requested the Committee on Delegates for the State at large to meet at the Congaroc House, to-morrow morning, at 9 o'clock. Mr. Wilson moved that when this Convention adjourns it adjourn to meet to-morrow, at 10 a. m. The Convention then adjourned. Columbia, May (J, 1850. This body met this morning in the Hall of the House of Representatives, His Excellency the Governor having consented to its use for the meetings. The Secretary proceeded to call the roll. The minutes were then read, whereupon Mr. Poppenhcim offered the following resolution :? Resolved, That this Convention, placing the fullest confidence in the sound conservative principles that will govern the# action of tho Cincinnati Convention, recommend to the delegates composing this Convention, the call of public meetings in their several districts to receive the'report of their delegates nftcr their return from Cincinnati, and to take such action as will secure the support ot the people of South Carolina to the nominee for. the presidency of the Cincinnati Democratic Convention. Which was adopted. Mr. Orr being called upon, addressed the Convention. (We will give his remarks as soon as they can be written out.) Mr. Reynolds, from the Committee to whom was referred the resolution to name suitable persons as delegates for the State at large in the Convention beg leave to report: That they have had the same under careful consideration. Aware of the responsibility which iestt-u upon mem, tuey were anxious 10 present, such citizens to the attention of the Convention us would not only command the entire confidence of the people at home, but whose distinguished ability and services were well calculated to illustrate and maintain the purity of the honor and integrity of the principles of the State any where. In their opinion they have eminently succeeded. They have selected those who identified as they are with the best interests of the State, and representatives ofitsvarious sections come strongly recommended to the judgment of the Convention.? Vonr Committee would, therefore, present for the hearty sanction and approval of the Convention as delegates for the State at large, the following distinguished sons of South Carolina: Hon. F. W. Pickens, Hon. J. L. Manning, Hon. A. G. Magrath, Gen. J. M. Gudberry. Mr. J. P. Watts, from the Fourth Congressional District, reported Messrs. P. S. Brooks and C. P. Sullivan as the nominees of that delegation. Adopted unanimously. Mr. Brockiuan, from the t ilth congressional , District, reported Hon. J. L. Orrand Jas. Farrow, 1 Esq. Adopted unanimously. Mr. Patterson from the Third Congressional District, recommended Hon. J. D. Allen and Col. B. II. Brown. Unanimously adopted. Mr. Raincy, from the Sixth Congressional District, reported F. J. Moses and E. U. Palmer.? Unanimously adopted. Mr. James, from the First Congressional District, reported B. II. Wilson and C. W. Dudley.? Unanimously ndopted. Mr. Reynolds, from the Second Congressional District, reported W. D. Porter and Charles Macbeth. Unanimously adopted. Mr. McGowan, from the Committee on Resolutions, reported the following resolutions, unani- j mously adopted by his Committee, representing ! the spirit of various resolutions submitted to them: ! 1. Resolved, That a proper administration of | the affairs of the Federal Government must depend upon a careful regard, on the part of each of its branches, for the limitations upon their pow ers, imposed by the Constitution of the United States, and a due respect to the reserved rights of the several States. 2. Resolved, That the principle of the equal rights of the States in the view of the Constitution, and of all laws based upon it, constitutes the fundamental condition upon which the Union was formed, and can alone be maintained. 3. Resolved, That we recognize in the removal of the Missouri restriction upon the equal rights of the slaveholding States, a practical acknowledgment of that great principle upon the part of the Federal Government, and deem this a proper occasion to render our sufpoit and assistance to the Democratic party in the nomination and election of a Presidential .candidate, who may represent the late action of that party upon this question, and whose claims of success may be made t? depend, not upon a combination for the spoils of office, but upon a fair representation of the great issue which is to be joined between the friends of the equal rights of the States, and a strict construction of. the Constitution, and those who are opposed to both. 4. Resolved, That in conformity with the request of our sister State, Georgia, "to co-operate with her" upon this subject, this Convention deems it fit nnd proper at this time that in waiving for the present all objection to its organization and mode of proceeding, should be represented in the National Democratic Nominating Convention, upon condition, in the language of our friends of Georgia, that said Convention " shall adopt a platform of principles, which shall, amongst other things, include in substance the following propositions: 1. The recognition and adoption of the principles contained in the Kansas and Nebraska act, and in conformity with these principles, that the people of Kansas have the right, when the number of their people justifies it, to form a Constitution with or without slavery, and be admitted into the Union upon terms of perfect equality with the other States. 2. That neither the Missouri Compromise nor any other anti-slavery restriction shall hereafter be extended over any territory of the United States. 3. The prompt and faithful execution of the fugitive slave law, and its prominent continuance upon the statue book. 5. Resolved, That the inflexible devotion to sound constitutional principles of Franklin Pierce, as evinced in his annual messages to Congress, and his adherence to the equal rights of all the States in sustaining the doctrine of Congressional non-intervention and non-interference on the question of slavery in the common territories of the Union, entitle him to the gratitude, confidence and cordial support of all true constitutional Democrats. 6. Resolved, That Franklin Pierce is the first choice of this Convention for President of the United States, and that thorough identification in sentiment and opinion with the principles embodied in the Voregoing resolutions is a prerequisite, indispensible to our support in any candidate of the Democratic party. Mr. Meetze moved that the vote be taken on the resolutions separately; when each was passed and the whole adopted. On motion of Mr. Jones,. Resolved, That the thanks of this Convention be hereby tendered to the authorities of the town of Columbia, for their kindness and liberality in granting us the use of the City Hall for our deliberations. On motion of Mr. Robertson, Resolved, That the proceedings of this Convention be published in pamphlet form, and that each member of the Convention be entitled to five copies thereof. Col. W. C. Beatty was called to the Chair; and, 011 motion of Mr. Perry it was unanimously Resolved, That the thaks of this Convention be and are hereby tendered to the Hon. F. W. Pickens, for the ability and fidelity with which he has presided over the deliberations of this Convention ; and that he be requested to furnish a copy of his able and eloquent address for publication, as a part of the proceedings of this Convention. The Committee rose and reported the resolution to the president, who made a feeling and spirited address in response, and On Motion of Mr. Wilson, the Convention adjourned sine die. Death of Ex-Governor Troup. The Savannah Journal, of Saturday morning, contains the following melancholy announcemnnt: Death or Ex-Governor Troup.?The melancholy intelligence has just reached us of the death of this most illustrious citizen of Georgia. He expired last Saturday, at his residence in Laurens county, at the age of 74 years. The noblest Roman of them all. Governor Troup's illness was hemorrhage of the lungs. The death of the great and the good, whatever their station in life, is at all times and under all circumstances, a public calamity. That George M. Troup was both, no man at all familiar cither with his history, or the history of Georgia for the last half century, will controvert. He was eminently qualified to make his mark upon the age in which he lived, and he has left the impress of his great mind upon the history of his native State. He gave early promise of thfe prominent position he was destined to occupy among his fellow-men, and his native State conferred upon him whatever she could bestow. At the early age of twentyfive, in 1807, he tookhis sent in Congress as a Representative from Georgia, where he remained until 1815, and in all the great conflicts of that period he was distinguished for his unyielding republicanism, his pure, elevated and devoted patriotism, than for his eminent ability as a sagacious statesman. In 1816 he was transferred to a seat in the United States Senate, from which he retired in 1818. In 1823 he was elected Governor by the Legislature of Georgia, and in 1825 was re-elected by the people, being the first gubernatorial election by popular suffrage. With the manner in which he discharged his responsible duties in those troublous times Georgia and the Nation are familiar, and no eulogium that we can utter could igcrease his fame. At the expiration of his term of service in 1827, he retired to private life, but such a man could not Inmr remain in that nnsitinn. His State needed liis services, and she called him into her service in 1829, wheu he was re-elected to the Senate of the United States, in which he continued till 1834, when he again retired to private life, from which he never again emerged. Nor was he less distinguished there for all those qualities which adorn the social circle, than for his eminent ability as a statesman and his pure patriotism. He regarded it a paramount duty of the citizen to devote himself to the amelioration of the condition of his fellow-men; and with him it was a work of love; for he never turned a deaf ear to the importunities of the distressed, or omitted to perform those noble charities which the natural impulse of a great heart and cultivated mind suggests. Truly, the demise of such a man is a great public calamity, and he passed to the grave mourned by a whole people. Peace, peace to his great heart.?Chronicle and Sentinel. Cotton.?It is said there is reason to believe that one of the greatest speculations that has taken place for years, is now going on in cotton.? The parties are said to be residents in New York, England and the Southern States, aided by the banks of New York and the South. The object is to get possession of so mueh of the crop as to con trol the market, and run the prices very high. It is said it will require an investment of $26,000,000 for five or six months, to effect the object of the spccidators. Boston, May y.?A letter received from Mr. Ilaven, the former law partner ol' Mr. Fillmore, says that the report that Mr. Fillmore had declined the nomination of the American party for the Presidency was unfounded, and there was 110 doubt that he would accept. Peace with England. Mr. Buchanan, in the course of his address at Philadelphia, made the following allusion to our relations with England : Gentlemen, it is hardly proper for me to speak of the diplomatic business in which I have been engaged on the other side of the Atlantic; but I have been asked, repeatedly, Is there danger of war? I think not. But it is simply because I believe our country to be so clearly and decidedly in tic right, on the questions involved between the two countries, that the British people never will consent to irritate them into a dangerous conditionfor both parties. Our commerce now covers every ocean; our mercantile marine is the largest in the world. We have the greatest interest of any nation on earth in preserving peace. 'We ought to cultivate peace with all nations. But there is an interest superior to all these considerations, and that is our national honor. And, if war should ensue, I feel no apprehension of danger at the present moment. If the national honor of this people should ever be insulted by any government on the face of the earth, I know that the merchants themselves, who would have the greatest sacrifices to make, would stand by the country at the expense of everything human. [Expressions of approbation.] | lean perceive no danger. Our example is a great and glorious example. There are those within the sound of my voice who share, among the millions of human beings on this vast continent, the privileges and immunities of the most free and the most glorious government that ever existed. Our example is a "Star in the West, guiding the hopes of the feemen of every land.? We are no propagandists, except by our example; and yet our example is destined, in future time, to carry free and libeijil institutions over the face of the whole earth; peacefully, quietly, without danger, and with the approbation of the wise and virtuous in every clime. . Letter from a Condemed Fillibuster.?The following is a letter from one of the unfortunate men who were captured and shot by the Costa Ricans, to his cousin in New York: Liberia, (Costa Rica,) March 25, '56. My Dearest Cousin John: You cannot imagine with what anguish I write this to inform you of my fatal destiny. I was taken with sixteen others. At this very moment we are receiving the last exhortations of the Costa Rican priests. If is now j two o'clock in the afternoon, and at four we are condemned to suffer the penalty of death. G"d have mercy upon us! I charge you to say to all my relatives and friends in general, and particularly to ThomaB and his friends, that they must not come to Nicaragua, because, for them and for many others, it is much better to remain at home. Nobody receives the two hundred and fifty acres of land there, but every one is forced by Walker to take arms, whether they have money or not. I believe that Coilman and David Ferrier have escaped. No more at present, from your most aflfecti jnate cousin. . PETER GONNON. [Very similar to the above are all the letters which the remaining prisoners have written to their families.] Richland Kansas Association.?The following gentlemen, headed by D. 6. Fleming, Esq., under the patronage of the Richland Kansas Association , took their departure, per railroad, en route to Kansas, on yesterday afternoon: B. F. Murtishaw, John T. Mathias, John Carroll, jr., H. E. Hurdie, J. N. Busbee, L. Taylor, E. John- ( ston, and J. T. Peake. These are all young men of good character, and will make valuable settlers in the land of contention, should they conclude-to remain in the land of strife.?Times. Scarcity op Mechanics.?We learn from our Nashville exchanges that master builders in that city are unable to take all the contracts offered them for this season on account of the scarcity of journeyman carpenters. Though the price is quite as large, if not larger than usual, the unprecedented extent of the improvements in progress and projected, has absorbed all for the season. A Masonic Burial at Sea. During the recent trip of the steamer Empire City from Havana to this port, an incident occurred which left a deep and permanent impression upon the minds of all who were on board. Death is at all times a fearful thing; but when the King of Terrors claims his own upon the sea, and rudely severs the associations which invariably connect those who journey together upon the great deep, a peculiar feeling is experienced that lingers upon the mind, and causes one to remember vividly for years, what would, under other circumstances, pass away like the summer breeze, leaving little or no trace upon the memory. The same day the steamer left Havana, April 11th, it was reported to Capt. Windle that one of the cabin passengers, Mr. Jos. Waterman, formerly of Galveston, Texas, had died at three o'clock, of consumption, and in accordance with the customary usages observed at sea, the remains were placed in a hammock and laid upon the quarter deck, in order to be buriejl at sunset. The deceased was a Royal Arch Mason, formerly attached to a Lodge and Chapter of the Fraternity in the city of Galveston; and as there were several of the mystic tie on board the steamer, it was resolved that the deceased should be interred with the Masonic honors peculiar to the Order. A format demand was made upon Capt. Windle for the remains, who promptly acceded to the request, with that urbanity which is so marked a trait in his character as a gentleman; and as the sun was about sinking beneath the wave, they were placed in charge of such of the Fraternity as were on board, to be buried by them with the last sad rites peculiar to the institution. The remains, which had been covered by the United States flag, were laid upon a plank at the stern of the steamer, and as the ship's bell began to toll the intervals, the brethern formed a circle around the corpse, when the Masonic burial service was beautifully delived by Past Master J. E. Elliot, of New York, who presided as Master upon this occasion. The ceremony, beautifully ipipressive at all times, was remarkably so upon this occasion ; and when the Worshipful Brother pronounced the words, "We, therefore, commit the body of our departed brother to the great deep; his memory shall remain engraven upon the tablets of our hearts, while his spirit shall return unto God who gave it," a single plunge was heard, and the deceased had gone to his last long home, accompanied by the last fond words of "alas, my brother!" from those of the Fraternity who formed the broken chain upon the quarter-deck of the steamer. It is of very rare occurrence that any member of the craft is buried with the honors of the Fraternity while at sea; but the character of the deceased was so well known as "a just and upright Mason," that it was considered but a just tribute to his memory. It was a scene marked with more than an ordinary degree of solemnity, and will not readily be forgotten by those who participated in the obsequies of the deceased.?New Orleans Picayune. Commtraa' department. Yorkville Markets. Rtporttd Expressly for the Yorkville Enquirer by Thomas Daviei $ Co., Grocers and Produce , Dealers. jIay 8. Cotton.?We have but little animation in our cotton market at present. There has been a decline of from J to } of a cent in Charleston, which has caused a corresponding decline here. We now quote prices ranging from 91 to 10j. Grain .?Corn is firm, with a good home demand at 02c. Peas?none offering. Flour.?Good brands, ?3 to $3.20. Groceries.?Groceries of all kinds are yet very high. We continue our former quotations, however, with the remark that a further advance is noticed on Coffee in the foreign market: Sugar, brown, 121; refined, 14; crushed and loaf, 14. Coffee, Rio, 14 @ lGj; Java, 20 ? 25. Molasses, N. U., oo; vtest-inuia, ou. iVacKerei, 50.0U per half barrel, No 3 ; whole barrel No. 2, $14. Salt, $2.50, per sack. Rice, $5.50 per bushel. Cheese, 20 cents. Candles, Sperm, 50 @ 02; adamantine 37; tallow, 25. Columbia Market. May 5. Cotton.?At the date of our last report, it will no doubt be recollected that we left the cottou market in an active state, with prices ranging from 9 J to 11 J cents. During the whole r the week now under review the same good feeling has prevailed, and there has been a brisk and animated demand at steady prices with very little demand in quotations. On Wednesday the steamer Persia arrived, with Liverpool dates to the 18th, quoting J a }d advance, with a very active demand, and sales of the week ofl2C,