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Straps & Jfatts. The present estimate of the population, of China is four thousand millions. The population of New Orleans is now said to be, at least, one hundred and fifty thousand. The priae crop of Indian Com in the State of Ohio for 1855 was 162 bu*hel per .acre. Governor Pollock, of Pennsylvania, is ! spoken of in various quarters as a candidate for the next Presidency Nicaragua embraces about forty-mue thousand square miles, and contains a population of nearly four hundred thousand. There are two things about which you should never grumble :?the first is that which vou cannot help, and the other that which you can help. The Russians continue to recieve large reinforcements, and it is thought that before spring there will be some desperate attacks upon the allies. The Norfolk Herald accounts for the present cold spell by stating that when Dr. Kane left the North Pole he forgot to shut the back door after him. !<- Pittsburg was, in the early history of . the country, called Fort Duquesne by the French; and afterwards was named Pitt, in honor of the Earl of Chatham. Parker H. French has withdrawn his application for permission to present credentials to the State Department. In a latter to Marey, he intimates that the latter has interfered with the internal affairs of Nicaragua. It is said in case the Presidency should | be thrown into Congress, and the States should * hi vote as they stand at present, tnere wouia De | eleven demooratio, eleven republican, seven P know nothing and two tie. ! The biographical sketch of the poet Rogj ers, in the London Times, was written some five years since, in anticipation of his death, then expected. His biographer has been three . * years in the grave ! Young ladies who are accustomed to read newspapers are always observed to possess most winning ways, most amiable dispositions, invariably make good wives, always select good husbands. A fact. It is ascertained that the long talked of alliance between Spain and the Western Powers has been formally consummated, the former binding herself to send into the field frotu ten to twenty thousand men in the Spring, and the latter to protect Spanish interests?particularly Cuba. William Russell, the historian of the day of Balaklava, who has detailed the hor- i yors of the Crimean winters of '54 '55, in let- ' ters to the London Times, has been driven ~ - - * e* from the Crimea by tbe soldiers, on account; or bis comments on the drunkenness prevailing in the British army. ( The Lynn News tells a good story of ] two boys, one of whom was boasting of the < beauties of his father's house. "It's got a cu- < pola," said he, 'and it's going to have some- ? thing else.' 'What is it?' asked his interest- t ed oompanion. 'Why, I heard father tell ] mother this morning, that it's going to have 1 a mortgage on it!' c The ice in the river at Niagara Falls is frozen 20 to 30 feet thick, and persons can c cross on it from the American to the Canadian side. On the 12th instant the bed formed np to Goat Island?something which has not occurred before for 30 years. An excellent front view of the falls can now be obtained. I ' It is stated that the Queen would not see " her maid of honor, Miss Murray, upon her re- ? turn from the United States, and signified to 1' her that if she published a defence of slavery E she must resign her place. Miss .Murray has Z done so, and is no longer a member of the royal household. The Governor of Florida has vetoed the j, bill passed by both branches of the Florida M Legislature, authorizing the inhabitants, of t| West Florida to vote upon the propositton of t] seceding from that State, and uniting their 8] ' fortunes with the State of Alabama. h f An improvement in lucifer matches has a - * mi _ . ;_a si I been introduced. ?ne IVVO lUUttUlUlitUiC 1U- [ gredients which together are required to make 8 up the ignition of the match, are now separat- 11 ed; one part is retained in the match, the e other lodged in the sand-paper on which the * matoh is rubbed. This greatly adds to the 8 safety of the use of this convenience. 8 The largest bells in the world are in b Russia : that of the Kremlin weighs four hun- 0 dred and forty-three thousand seven hundred t and seventy-two pounds; St. Ivan's at Moscow, r one hundred and twenty-seven thousand eight hundred and thirty-six pounds; that at En- b furth, twenty-eight thousand two hundred and n twenty-four pounds. t According to a list of revolutionary sol- " diers, who died in 1855, published in the Na- f tional Intelligencer, it appears that illustrious ^ band continues to diminish slowly. There are , seventy-one names in the list, though the In- 9 telligencer thinks it probable that all who have died are not included in it. The number remaining is, we think, about seven hundred.? Nothing conduces more to a long life than ^ patriotism. May they live a thousand years. t II There is some trouble anticipated in I Minnesota, this winter, from the Indians.? ( R They are leaving their reserves and scattering ' I over the country in hunting parties, souie- 1 I times to the great inconvenience and annoy- 1 B ance of settlers, who are compelled to stay at 1 I home to protect their houses and families.? * I The Indians are not backward to enter houses c I and help themselves to whatever suits them. ' I The people of Rice County requested the Gov- ' I ernor to send them back to their reserve, but ! I he has refused, and the people threateu to take I their rifles to rid themselves of the intruders. I St. Louis, Jan. 21. Dates from Fort | Pierce to the 13th alt., have been received ? I The troops there werei comfortably quartered. 1 I Major Howe's command had beeu seut on an I expedition, and had not been heard from.? i Gen. Harney was litiing out an expedition of i 100 men for an excursiou up the Missouri 1 river. The Sioux Iudiaus were to hold a J i grand couucil at Fort Pierce, in Febiuar\. to < settle the basis of peace. The weather was 1 t severe, and there had beeu much snow. < The Charlotte Whig contain- the r'ol!..w- ' r ing: "We have in our possessiou a flue specimen of gold rock picked up on the 22d ultimo ( by Cyrus Stinson, od the plantation of his father, about nine miles east from Charlotte, , on the Lawyer's road. It is said to weigh 175 ( dwts, and when seperated from the rock in , which the gold is embeded will be worth u\er $100. He has fouud another lump, nearly sol- ? id, which is worth shout $10. Mr. Stiason l intends to make further examinations for this precious article. The Newburyport Herald, in the course of an article on Weights and Measures, reI marks that no two nations have the same? though the same name to designate them may be used in many countries. Take the mile measure for instance: In England and the United States, a mile means 1760 yards; in the Netherlands, it is 1093 yards; while in Germany, it is 10,120 yards, or nearly six English miles; in France, it is 3025. The Scotch mile is 198-1 yards, and the Irish 2038 yards. The Spanish mile is 2472 yards, and the Swedish mile 11,700. These are computed in English yards; but the yard itself, of three feet in length, has divers significations in different places. The English yard is 36 inches ; the French 39,13 iuches; the Geneva yard, 57 60; the Austrian, 37.35; the Spanish yard, 33.04; the Prussian 47.57; the Russian, 39.51. For measures of capacity, the dissimilarity is wider and more perplexable. CjjfjMbille (flaupriwr. edited jy SAM'L W. MELTON .JOHN L. MILLER. YORKVILLEj S. C. THTTRSDAY MORHIHG, JANUARY SI, 1866. The Editor's Office will be found at Waikeb's j Hotel, where our friends who have business relating to the editorial department are invited to call. Persons desirous of transacting other business connected with the paper will call on the Publisher Mr. Gbist, at the Printing Office, one door South of the Post-Office, or on Mr. Milleb, at the Commissioner's Office in the Court House. THE LATEST NEWS. From the telegraphio despatches of yesterday's Columbia papers we take the following items of the latest news: Washington, January 29.?In the House of Representatives there was one ballot for Speaker without result; after which the House adjourned. The Democratic caucus of the Senate has nominated the Union for Printer. In the House, Mr. Crawford gave notice that he would, on to-morrow, move to proceed in the election of Speaker, in one of the ways prescribed by the Constitution for the election of President of the States, viz: each State to cast one vote. Mr. Stewart's resolution, that, with the concurrence of the Senate, if no Speaker is elected by the fifth of February, Congress will adjourn on the 15th was tabled. Mr. Dallas has accepted the mission to England. Mr. Buchanan writes that he will relinquish his mission on the 12th of February, whether a successor shall have been nominated or not. He will appoint Mr. Campbell, the Consul at London, temporary Charge d'Affairs, as there is at present no Secretary of Legation. Rusk, of Arkansas, assaulted Horace Greeley this ifternoon, in consequence of remarks of the latter in a letter to the Tribune on resolutions submitted >y Mr. R. He was not seriously hurt. NEW GROCERY STORE. 1 By reference to our advertising columns our rea- < lers in the country will learn that Messrs. Thomas ] [)avies & Co. have opened a Grocery and Provision ] Jt??re. ?.t the -'and formerly occupied by Col. S. N. I 5xowe. nearly opposite Walker's Hotel, where they ' ire now receiving a large assortment of articles in I heir line, which they propose to sell cheap for cash. 1 fhey also announce that they are prepared to make i iberal bids, either in cash f>rba;ter, on cotton and < >ther produce usually brought to this market. \ We record this with pleasure as an additional evi- 1 lence of the increase of trade in Yorkville, and we 1 rust that our friends in the country will not omit t o enroll flic establishment iD the list of those deser- r ing a generous patronage. Mr. Da vies enjoy? the r hnrncter of a strict!? honest, fair-dealing man, and C a has tho means as well as the inclination to afford c very satisfaction to his customers. His stock is 8 lade up of a carefully selected and general assent- 11 tent of Groceries and Provisions, necessaries and c ixurics, at prices as ion* as the market can afford, f lead the advertisement, and when yon are iu town t ive them a call. t THE COLD WEATHER. t During the past two weeks the weather has been, t itensely cold?a genuine sample of a Northern d rinter. To find a parallel would carry us beyond lie limits of our experience. A searching wind from ti lie North, has driven into our faces a shower of d now, sleet and rain, and clinching the advantage V as frozen us down to the point where people are n pt to cry "enough!" Saturday morning while the now was yet on the ground in many places, the torn again come upon us and continued cold and eavy throughout the day. The ground is still cov- 11 red to the depth of several inches, but the bright 8 rarm sun we have will, we trust, soon melt it away, ^ nd pat into all hearts that genial song of "pleas- n nt weather!" The newspapers from all parts of the country e ring us accounts, many of which are far worse than c ur own. In the North and West the season is said a o be unprecedented. Judge O'Neall in one of his 1 eadable letters to the Patriot, talks of it thus :? * "In February, 1835, 9th and 10, were the cele- * rated cold Saturday and Sunday. On Saturday 11 ight Judge Johnson and myself left Columbia, in 11 he stage, for Branchville, whence the Railroad took * is and Judge Harper to Charleston. February and * iart of March, 1835, were characterized by a sue- r ession of snow storms. The one in March was the s argest and most violent. With these exceptions, I c lo not remember, in twenty-five years, to have seen S uch weather as we have had since Chr:3tmas." y r THE LADY'S BOOK. < Godey's "Book" for February is on our table.? a Without any preliminaries, let us take a glance at 1 he contents. The first three pages contain a Report of the pro- t :eedings at a public dinner given to Mr. Godey, on s he occasion of the 25th anniversary of his "Lady's j iiook" enterprise, by a company of the literary gen- 2 lemcn of Philadelphia. Many fine things are relaed, and altogether it was a handsome and well-detervcd tribute to the veteran publisher. But the ;nmp!imtfPt ought te have come from the ladies?to he purposes of their amusement and instruction he "Book" was dedicated and has been constantly riven. For the be<t proof of the fact, sec the con- , puts of the number before us:? , F > -"fii' line engraving, "The Nitrht be- ( f - *.V r. " t1: u uui"try patterns for needlc' v' : " . ' '1 "M'tng for Eugenie sleevp, I, i-tvd cap, crown of cap, ( h o t iviii.jf, pv-tcli?sil dress instruci.,. pott- r?u. uapht't . !.< ? for Pony, sac- t !' ' . i1:' ' ' '!'!' >c. &c. j Music? 1 ti;o \ ;v. ' : a .<! '"Vittuge. with plana; | tin' >n the '.er >; pre--, n impt-r the history and \ manufacture of Finger-Kings: one of a series of ! i Li ssom it Drawing, illustrated ; the art of making I' ivax-fiuit aud flowers and flower-vases in beads; and j ] towards the end of the book, a batch of valuable I ecejpts for household purposes, for cooking, for the j ' dok-rooni and nursery, for the young lady's toilet, ' ind for the pantry. Besides all this, the "Book" j ; jontains several interesting stories and some rare 1 ;cms of poetry. Was there ever a more tempting * norceau for the centre-table ? To any wide-awake, j tusy, frugal, well-ordered house-wife, the February j lumber would be worth the price of subscription! ( The price of the "Book" is S3 per annnui. To ^ idvance-paying subscribers of the EsQClREIt we j iropoie to furisli it for $2. <. HERE MENTION. Miss J , of Yorkville, will notice the precious bit of information on our first page, and rejoice with us that the fair songstress, like another bright-plumed bird of passage, will "come again!" She has sent us still another messenger which weshall herald forth in a future number Read the letter of Mr. B. II. Wilson, on the Cincinnati Convention. Mr. Wilson is a member of the Legislature, and in 1852 was a red-hot secessionist The Sumter (S. C.) Watchman says that on the morniug of Thursday the 17th, a murder was committed inthatDistrictby one Samuel S. tixdal,*upon the person of his wife, by stabbing her through the breast. The murderer has fled Several elections were held in Edgefield Distrtct, Monday before last, resulting as follows :?Tillman Watson, Senator; Tiiomas Q. Bacon, Clerk; James Eidson, Sheriff; and W. P. Dcrisoe, the Proprietor of the Advertiser, Ordinary.? That last election strikes us as somewhat sensible. Good The Chester Standard, of last week, gives an account of the sudden death of James Rat, a painter living in Chester. He had loft Town with two or three other men late in the afternoon, walking; on the way it was proposed they should have a foot race, which they did, and at the end of which Ray complained of feeling badly. His companions tried to carry him to some neighboring house, but finding this impossible, they left him and went in search of a horse, which having procured, they returned and found him dying. Some of them posted immedi' ately for a physician, but he was dead before any aid could be afforded. On the 23d a Coroner's inquest was held upon the body, but we have not yet learned what was the verdict. A selection on the first page tells of a remarkable man in the West, the father of 46 children and successively the husband of five wives. Josephus tells us of a still more remarkable character, far back towards Adam, who had 76 children and only two wives. In this department, the Ancients are ahead of us yet! A letter from Paris states that the Circular of Secretary Marcy on the Sound Dues question has been received at European courts in terms of the highest commendation, and that the difficulty is in a fair way for settlement on the basis of that able document The following gentlemen were admitted to the praotice of Law in this State, on Wednesday before last, at the session of the Appeal Court in Charleston: W. Cowper In- j olis, Wm. P. Price, Paul H. Warino, jr., and Lerot F. Youhans It is said that Governor Shannon is on his way to Washington with the intention of resigning the Governorship of Kansas; and that Gov. Baker, of N. H., will be appointed his sue cessor New Post-Offices have been established at Lylesford, Fairfield District, James Andrews Postmaster; and at Flamerton, Sumter District, N. S. Punch, Postmaster Hon. Jefferson Davis has been elected United States Senator from Mississippi, for the term commencing the 4th of March 1857. It is reported that, in case he resigns the post of Secretary of War, Mr. Faulkner will be appointed in his stead by the President On Thursday evening last, the extensive mill, on the Charlotte Railroad, belonging to W. C. Elkins, was destroyed by fire?loss $7,000. So says the Carolinian The Carolinian states that a corps three hundred men has been organized in Abbeville, under the direction of Mr. B. F. Poset, formerly of the Independent Press -, and that W. P. Belcher and Capt. E. B. Bell, of Graniteville, are raising companies to join Maj. Buford.. It is stated in the Mexican papers hat Santa Anna and his wife have separated The ice on the Susquehanna, in Pennsylvania, is said & be 12 inches thick, capable of bearing almost any oad Hon. A. H. Stephens has been nominated n the Augusta Constitutionalist for Vice Presidency, in the ticket with Pierce Dates from Oregon ip to 20th December say that nothing had been leard of Col. Kinnoy's party that went to attack the [ndians at the Fort of Walta Walla, which was in heir possession. The Indians of Northern Califor- j lia still carry on their depredations with much ter- < or to all Reports from Nicaragua state that i Monel Walker gains accessions to his forces by i very steamer. He lias now an effective force of 150 men, with spirit enough to become individual aonarohs of all they survey The official advi- < t/> UV U1U .HUirri\;it UU llVk Ml Hlijr wiijr tuui^c uui i-iexi'lly relation with England. Mr. Duclianac writes hat no real prcspects of peace are entertained by he Ministry, and England is preparing the largest eet ever floated for operations against Russia in he spring- Louis Napoleon is still anxious to exricatc himself from the war, having attained all the esircd prestige of the occasion. The announcement of the commencement of the bird year of the Yorkville Female College on Monay the 11th, will be found in our columns, to-day. 7e are compelled to defer further remarks until ext week. KANSAS. As we anticipated, the report of a recent?outbreak a Kansas, published last week, was greatly exagerated?the rumors having since grown "small by | egrees" until the affair seems to amount to little j uore than a common street-fight. Nevertheless, the condition of affairs in Kansas is j very day becoming more and more the object of ex- j iting interest and anxiety. We have published in , nothcr column an epitome of the Message No. 2, of i he President to the Senate, calling the attention of , hat body to the subject. At home, in the South, , he spirit isup and at work. The mail brings cheer- . ag accounts of the determined efforts of Southern : len in other States, and even in South Carolina, sulen and inactive as we seem to be, we gladly note he preparations for action. In Abbeville, our Ban- , ler District, three hundred men have enrolled them- elves "for the war," and await orders; and the . itizens of Fairfield, seldom to be found in the back- , pround, have resolved to hold a meeting and do like- . rise. The clans are gathering; the coffers of the ich are responding to the call; and the work goes , in bravely and nobly for the defence of Southern in ititutious aua lue viuuication ox oouuiern rigius in ( ?ansas! I The question comes home to us?what will York j lo ? In times gone-by she was not backward; will < ilic lag behind now ? We think not. One of our ] >est and most public-spirited citizens has authori- | :ed us to say that he will be responsible for one hunIred dollars, if an effort be made to raise a fund. If , >thers of our men of snbstance will promptly second < he movement, the fund can be easily secured; and, nice the work is done, the young men, we are sure, . rill not be wanting. Read the stirring appeal of \tcixison on the first page. It contains a reliable statement of the condition of things iu Kansas, and will surely be euough to arouse all true men to action. In relation to the movements in Alabama, in aid i )f the patriotic enterprise of Maj. Buford, wc take ( the following from the Eufaula Spirit of the South:? "We arc gratified to see that the proposed expeiition of our friend, Maj. Buford, to Kansas, is beginning to attract the attention that it so eminently ( ieserves. Of late there has been a most unmistakeiblc stirriug of the waters, and the South begins to nove like the strong man in his sleep. From Vir- ' ?inia and Tennessee, from South Carolina, Georgia | ind Mississippi, every mail brings tidings of gallant f poung men buckling on their armor for the struggle [hat is to give Kansas to the South, or surrender her [o the vagabond creatures of the Emigrant Aid Soci- ( ities of Massachusetts. Warm, true hearts, all over ( ,.,10 M.O fnoJncu . .I1U OUUUI) J cm II iVHttl uo M*v ivai ivgg vuum^iuii v* j jur rights, who nobly perils every thing in the cause. Meetings of the citizeus in Montgomery and Colum- 1 jus, have recognized him as a leader, worthy the t :ntcrprise and the occusion, and have tendered him j lot only their sympathy, but material aid. At the brmer meeting, Col. Gayle of Dallas, pledged the 1 jcople of his county, for not less than five thousand c lollars. Truly, the work goes bravely on. a "Not only the people, but their representatives in Sencral Assembly convened, are awakening to the mportnnce of the crisis. In the House, Mr. Beck, 1 if Wilcox, the determined foe of all the schemes by t which the treasury is depleted for the benefit of railroads, has introduced a bill appropriating $25,000 to equip and transport emigrants to Kansas.? His appeal, as well as that of Col. Co ihran, in behalf of the message, will be read with pleasure all over the Sttfte. The committee on Federal Relations, to whom the matter was referred, have, it is understood, agreed upon a favorable report. At last there is a prospect that young Alabama will arouse from her lethargy, and be no longer a laggard in tho fight. It will be to her everlasting honor that she is the first Southern State to move in such a cause." It will be a source of just pride to Alabama that she has taken the lead in this important movement. We are glad to perceive, by the following note, that one of our own public spirited citizens lias appropriately manifested his sympathy in this movement. "Eufaula, Jan. 15, 185<V E. C. Bullock, Esq.?Dear Sir: I am this day in receipt of $100 through Mr. Henning, President of the Bank of Georgetown, which sum has been paid and transmitted by the Hon. R. F. W. Allston, President of the Senate of South Carolina, to Maj. Buford, for the purpose of sending settlers to Kansas. I have thought it proper to give this publicity in your paper, as it shows the liberality and public spirit of Mr. Allston. The money has been handed over to Maj. Buford's agent this day, for which I hold his receipt. Respectfully, JOHN McNAB," THE CLATTON-BVLWER THE . 2 ? . i>y recent auvices from Washington tne appreuension of a collision with England, in relation to Central American affairs, appears to be less seriously indulged. It was stated last week, that the Cabinet had determined to suspend diplomatic intercourse entirely. The organ of the administration, however, has assured the country that, although our relations with Great Britain are "delicate and, perhaps, critical," it is not proposed to withdraw our Minister; and that " the action of our government in asking the recall of Mr. Champton and the consuls implicated in the recruitment of soldiers for the Crimea furnishes the only foundation for the statement." The Union adds: " Whilst we desire by this correction to avoid any unfounded apprehensions of an impending difficulty with Great Britain, wc cannot deny that there are serious questions of difference between the two governments, which ought to be thoughtfully considered by those members of Congress who are obstructing the organization of the House." But the correction, it appears to us, amounts to little more than nothing; inasmuch as the action which is thus admitted to have been taken by the government must in the end involve a suspension of diplomatic relations. It has been taken, too, in view alone of the difficulty arising out of the efforts of British agents to procure enlistments in the United States; while the more serious cause of dispute has arisen in reference to the construction of the Central American treaty and the action of the British government in refusing to adhere to the plain and unequivocal terms of that convention. The latter point contains the clue to the difficulty; and whether wc regard the earnestness with which it is discussed by the President in his Annual Message, the decided at wvuug ittatu UJ ucuovuiavi Ut-t. JJurtlCS 1U UUUCUITCUCC with the policy of the administration, or the subsequent action of the Cabinet in illustrating this policy, we cannot doubt that the danger of an early resort to actual hostilities is imminent. A word, then, in explanation of the history of that much-talked-of 1 convention will not be out of place. The Claytou-Bulwcr treaty was ratified on the 5th day of July, <850. The negotiations looking to it were proposed by the United States Government and entered into by Great Britain, with the avowed objict of securing the conditions necessary to the construction of a ship canal connecting the Atlantic and ' Pacific Oceans, to be opened for the benefit of the ' maritime nations of the world. All obstrutions to ' the navigation of the proposed canal when complet- 1 ed, were understood to be removed by the provision of the Convention, and, as an important feature ' of this condition, it was agreed that neither Power 1 should occupy or exercise dominion over any territo- 1 ry either bordering upon or adjacent to the route of 1 the proposed canal, whereby io any event the free- 1 dom of acAMrto either outlet could be put in jeop&r- ' dy. This provision, npon which turns the point ' now in dispute, is contained in the first article of I the Treaty, which reads thus: "The Gevernmcnts of the United States and Great ' Britain hereby declare that neither the one nor the other will ever obtain or maintain for itself anv ex- c elusive control over the said ship-canal; agreeing t that neither will ever erect or maintain any fortifications commanding the same, or in the vicinity there- r of, or occupy, or fortifiy, or colonize, or assume or exercise any dominion over Nicaragua, Costa Rica, p the Mosquito coast or any part of Central America; /i aor will either make use cf any protection which either affords or may afford, or any alliance which s either has or may have to or with any State or peo- n pie, for the purpose of erecting or maintaining any 0 mch fortifications, or of occupying, fortifying, or , eolonizing Nicaragua, Costa Rica, the Mosquito coast er any part of Central America, or of assuming or n exercising dominion over the same; nor will the Uni- b ted States or Great Britaiu take advantage of any a Intimacy, or use any alliance, connexion, or influence that cither may possess with any State or Govern- * nent through whose territory the said canal may a pass, for the purpose of acquiring or holding, direct- T y or indirectly, for the citizens or subjects of the , )ne, any rights or advantages in regard to commerce >r navigation through tho said canal which shall not P je afl'orded on the same terms to the citizens or sub- y ects of the other. ^ The torms of this article are explicit and to the ^ point, and there would seem to be no ground for a tl )retext upon which to hinge a misconstruction. It g neans what it says, or it means nothing. Not to tl 'occupy, fortify orexercise dominion" means simply p lot to occupy, fortify or exercise dominion, and it can nean nothing else ; and if either government at the y :ime of the ratification of the treaty held dominion t: n any of tho territories, it necessarily involved a n surrender of the claim to that dominion. The terms tl jf tho treaty wero at the time so regarded both in n :his country and in England. We remember that, in d 1853, Mr Clayton wasn severely taken to task in p :hc Senate, because, without notifying the Senate of t die act before their ratification of the treaty, he had n lgrced with the British plenipotentiary to except the \ Balizc from the operation of the terms of that instrument : and it was declared that, if the knowl- a jdee of tho exception bad been communicated to the I Senate at the proper period, the treaty would have T been rejected. Had thelBritish government not re- p garded the treaty aca surrender of all dominion, the fc sxception in regard to the little strip of land for pur- 5 poses of cutting mahogany would not have been ur- f gcd; and it is equally certain, from the debate in fc 1853, that had the United States regarded it in any p other light, the whole agreement would have been p signally defeated. c When the negotiations were determined, they " were evidently regarded with satisfaction by the n British government. While England surrendered t territorily of a mere nominal value, over which her P right of dominion was by no means established, the 0 Uuited States compromitted a doctrine which has be- * " _ it 1* ? fl. 1 n come a leaiure in uie policy ei ucr pcupic, uuu wua v cbligated to forego the ccrta:nty of future acquisi- * dons in Central America?acquisitions of unmeas- ^ iired value to the commerce of our country and to E tvhich our "manifest destiny" would in the course n >f events inevitably establish aright. But it turns outatlast that Great Britain has been * >ver-reached. All the energy of the United States jovernment to the contrary notwithstanding, our c illibustering clans have asserted dominion in Cen- tt :ral America, and despite our exertions promise to c listurb the slumberings of the "Monroe Doctrine." ' 3reat Britain has become alarmed at these irresisti- P jle invasions ; and, though the United States have icted in perfect good-faith in their vigorous opposi- ft ion to every expedition, the British Cabinet have ta- S ten the only alternative, and basely resorted to the ti nost palpable subterfuge to escape from the practi- ai ;al operation of the treaty. The minister now as- le lerts that the provisions were intended to be prospective in their operation ; that, therefore, they did H lot involve a surrender of dominion; and that it W vould be manifest folly for Great Britain to make tr such a concession without a corresponding surrender on the part of the United States! It is now rendered certain that the West-India fleet was ordered to our waters to maintain this construction by force. The processjof colonizing, fortifying, occupying and exercising dominion goes on vigorously; and of late an additional fleet has been dispatched to aid in these measures. The Cabinet of England have notified us finally of the determination of that government to adhere to their construction. If it had been in accordance with a decent regard for the honor and reputation of our country, we should have preferred a total abandonment of the treaty. It can yield us no material advantage, and to insist upon a strict obedience to its terms in simply a point of honor. Our government has so determined ; and has instructed Mr. Buchanan to communicate their determination to the British Cabinet. In a few weeks, we may expect to learn the result of these despatches, and ascertain finally the solution of the question of peace or war. We must either have a war, overturn the Palmehston ministry, or by backing down from our high and proud position invoke upon our country a lasting disgrace. Turn it as you may, fleck however craftily to in4m/liiAA notw 4l\Ca U DAAma fA wo So klVUUbV uvn VVIU^IIVUIIVUS) (HIS) 1 W OttlUO IU us, 10 kuu real purport of the difficulty, and these, the alternatives involved in the adjustment. ( INFORMATION WANTED. The following article appears in the North Carolina papers. We pass it around, with the hope that our exchanges South will do likewise:? "In January 1855, the Rev. Orin Scoville, left the County of Chatham, N. C., where he had been resi- , ding for 4 or 5 years, and endeared himself to a very large circle of friends; his avowed purpose was . to visit first the Western portion of North Carolina, and possibly make a purchase of lands, or connect | himself with the mining interests of that region.? Failing in this, he might go as the Spring opened to 1 the South for the benefit of his health, or return to 1 Chatham. Ho reached the town of Charlotte, from I whence wrote he numerous letters to his friends here, 1 and as we learn, purposed to leave that place for Co- 1 lumbia, S. C. This was I think the first of Febru- * ary '55. Since that time no intimation has been received of him through any source, and his friends are much concerned for his safety. They think he ' did not reach any post town after ho left Charlotte, ' or they would have heard from him. He had with him at least 2 or $3000 in cash when he left. The , general opinion is, that he has been rrurdered. I only add, that information is sought, of Rev. Orin 1 Sooville, from no other considerations than friend- < ship?no man ever left any community with a fairer ( name in every respect." * j vtiiAitv ntviciT vomnv ( jr jpbvru* vnAivJuaOlvlli I We are pleased to extend a v/elcome to the letter |1 of our Charleston correspondent, the absence c ' |? whose lucubrations has taken no little from the in terest of our columns. We trust that the condition 1 of our markets will for the future justify his kind 11 attentions. The letter which is subjoiu^d, bears date 1 on Monday last;? t Mean. Editors:?For more reasons than one I I have not had the pleasure of affording to your read- I era a report of business matters in Charleston for I several weeks past. I presume, however, from what 1 I have heard of the condition of your wagon roads, * that very little business has been done of late in your town, and therefore my silence hast not been much amiss. Since my last there have been no very important 1 changes in the cotton market, until within the last v few days. The accounts by the last steamers, the t 9th and 12th instant, has put the market in quite a 1 "blue" state?cotton having declined about one-half P cent. The very bestup-land cotton will not bring more than 9J to-day; and from that figure down to 1 3 cents for common low middling grades. The best 1 selections of York cotton are worth from 8J to 9 cents. The foreign letters received this morning give a ^ gloomy account of the market in Liverpool. Sellers B ivere forcing off fair upland cotton at 5 J to 5 Jd. which T will bring the figures on the same quality here down o 8J?allowing 2} cents for all expenses from the * ,ime it if brought here. The list of charges on cot- ^ on shipped to Liverpool is aboutas long as your arm. * ?irst, we pay for mending, bagging and twine, com iressing, freight, wharfage and insurance on this side w if the water ; and at the end of the journey, the ^ iraount is increased by wharfage again, labor, bro- c ternge, commissions, quarantine, weighing, dock ^ lues &c, &c.; all of which, including storage, a- ei nounts to 2? cents, provided the cotton is sold du- ^ ing the first week after landing. All together the prospect is discouraging. The 01 resent crop is estimated at considerably over 3,500,- P 100 bales. Already the excess of receipts over the ai ainc penod of last year is 685,833 bales, and it ^ oust increase for several months, so that by the 1st ^ f April it will not be loss, perhaps, than 800,000 ? ales. This will keep up abroad the idea of an enor- ^ ions crop. I do not anticipate that the receipts will U; e as heavy in July and August of the present year ir s daring the same months in last yenr; for, should he rivers remain in good boating order for the bal- T< nee of the Winter and Spring, the Western country rill certainly be very bare of cotton by the last of te une. Last Summer, when a temporary rise took ? lace in the rivers in July and August, the cotton, ery large quantities of which were lying on the 81 anks, was carried down in immense qaantities for a rhile. This will not be the case next Summer; but ^ ho receipts during the Winter and Spring and the m tock in the ports waiting for shipment will be so heavy ai hat there can be no advantage in holding on to cot- w an until that period. The prices which have ruled during last Fall and Winter have been too good to allow of any expecta- ^ ions of an improvement upon them. With a light loney market and a prospect for a continuance of tc he war at least through another campaign, there is fr o reasonable hope for improvement and very great sc anger of a further decline. The probabilities of eace have kent the price ud here for a month nast: ... * HI lUt now, as all hopes are nearly blasted, and you lo nay soon expect to hear of 8J cents for your best hi fork grades. ^ The grain market in Charleston has been very dull. ^ nd, of late, Wheat has declined 20 cents per bushel, led wheat sells now at from $1,50 to $1.75; prime ^ rhite, about $1.90. Owing to light receipts, Flour lad slightly advanced lately?the best superfine in di larrells selling now at $9, and fino at from $8 to ni 58,25. The larger quantity of the flour brought ni rom York and Charlotte is of the latter quality. In ^ ings, it is worth $3.87 J for fine, and $4.37 for su- m icrfine. Corn is worth 80@85 cents per 56 lbs, iag included. Pens, 90 cents per bushel, bag in- tr luded. di I The prospect in regard to the price of flour will ltogether depend upon the quantity shipped from J? he interior. If the receipts are heavy here, the p( >rice will go down to correspond with the price at tl ther shipping ports. It cannot advance here more ?c ban 25 cents per barrel; inasmuch as, if the pres- e3 nt price continues, large quainties will be shipped pi o this port from Baltimore and New i ork. The N rork brands are quoted at $8.12; Ohio, $8.25; and laltimore, $8 to $8.25. So, you sec, we can import ow and make a small profit. pi Corn must remain at about 80 cents; as shippers gr rill not go beyond that figure. When the stock gets pj )w the city demand will cause an advance of a few ni ents; but, then, the exporters forthwith cease trans- m ctions, the stock increases and continues to in- tb rease until the price declines again to 80 cents.? th 'hen the foreign orders come in and take off the sur- ti< lus. The weather in the city has been unusually cold ofl >r several weeks?cold enough for the Blue Ridge, sh aturday last, we had a very heavy rain, which st< lrned to ice as fast as it fell, covering the houses M ad trees thickiy and affording a rare sight for Char- sa sston. co Since your last visit to our city, the "Planter's tic [otel" has been completed, and has been opened by wc [r. J. W. Gamble, who is well known in your Dis- tr ict. The House has been so much improved in ap? a pearance that you would scarcely recognize it as the old "Planter's." Everything about it is in complete order. The furniture and furnishing generally cannot be surpassed by any hotel in the city, and the table is as well supplied as any House in the United States. Every luxury that can be found in the market is provided bountifully. Of one peculiarity in the management of the "Planter's" I will make mention. Every Saturday the Bar is closed and no drinking is allowed there on Sunday. If guests desire anything strong to drink at dinner or in their rooms I presume it could be had at the Bar; but there is no open Bar where drinking and loud talking and brawling can be carried on.? Just to let you know what wo feasted on at breakfast and dinner to-day, I send you our bills of fare. You will'probably hear from me again next week. Yours, J. CONGRESSIONAL. TliP ftfmorrrln fnr nononrlan/tv Knfirnnn oav. oral parties in the House of Representatives furnishes the topic of letter-writers and news-mongers at the Capitol. It will be remembered that the House, by a very large vote, resolved to suspend debate until a Speaker be chosen, and, consequently, the proceeding are made up of movements and counter-movements only. We announced in our last issue that on Monday, the 22d, our representative Mr. Boyce had proposed a resolution declaring it to be the duty of the conservative members of the House in view of the delicate character of our foreign relations, to unite in : an effort to elect the Speaker. The resolutions i read thus:? 1 Resolved, That whereas oar relations with Great Britain are of the most threatening character, indi- \ eating that we may be on the eve of the most startling events ; and whereas it is the imperative duty * of the House, at this juncture of imminent peril, not < to abdicate its great mission, but to fulfil it by organizing, if possible, on such a basis as will give j peace to our distracted country, and enable it to present an undivided front to the common enemy? * therefore ' 1 Resolved, That the conservative elements of this { House should unite in a sincere effort to elect a Speaker, who will represent the great ideas of "peace for f ourselves and the sword for the stranger." i mr. btepiiens, or lieorgia, said ne nopea tne a gentlemen would bo permitted to state the foots on c which he made the announcement, that we are on :he eye of a war. If so, he knew nothing about it. t Objections were made to the explanation, and the I esolution was laid on the table. Thus, for the sec- 0 >nd or third time, our member has made an earnest ( ind truly patriotic effort to end the disgraccfnl t > amble, and in so doing, to fuse into a solid plial- C .nx the now discordant elements of conservatism.? 1 ?rom the outset his course has been the one which a l wise and prudent statesmanship, unbiassed by the 1 nfluenccs of party, might well have dictated. We lave not always been able to commend the course of e Hr. Boyce ; and from that reason, we take the more p rteasure in recording now our hearty approval of his a (resent position. We believe that the opinions and n rishes of his constituents could not have been more t< ully and satisfactorily represented. e On the same day, a resolution was offered that 'the candidate for Speaker who shall at any time e< lercafter rccoive the highest number of votes from a a [uorum of members, though less than a majority of b otcs polled, shall be declared Speaker, provided hat he and each of the other candidates shall have he appointment of the standing committees in pro- T -ortion to the number of votes respectively , received si >v each. But no candidate whose vote shall be less tl ban 25, shall be entitled to any appointment under G he resolution. This resolution, also, was laid on tl be table, and the House again proceeded to vote: i Ianks, 91; Richardson, 07; Fclleb, 29; Campell, of Ohio, 5; Pennington, Shobteb and Pon- tl f.k 1 each;?necessary to a choice, 98. o: Next day, Mr. Richardson, after stating that he xr ras most sincerely desirous that the House should h e organized, and that the position he then occupied o; ras not or ins own seemng, announced tnat, to re- ti eve the House from its fixed embarrassment, he t] rould on the following day retire from the canvass, p n view of this determination, the Democratic Can- g us held a meeting, and unanimously nominated fi ol. Okr, of our State, re-affirming the principles c< nunciated at the first Caucus. The Americans also ra eld a Caucus, in which it was resolved that they ol ere willing to withdraw Mr. Fuller, but insisted ei a an organization on national grounds. The Re- tt ublicans, not to be behind, also held their Caucus, s( ad determined to adhere to Mr. Basks. Thursday, d< [cssrs. Richardson and Fuller withdraw, and the pi rst ballotting was had with the following result; w anks, 96; Orr, 68; Fuller, 12; Ricaud, 18; se ampdell, 3; Scattering 6;?202. These changes, pi psetting the whole programme, may possibly be idicative of an approaching election. In the Senate on Thursday, a Message was recei:d from the President transmitting the copy of the se tter of Lord John Russell to Mr. cnampfon, da- at id January 1853, in which it was declared that the ^ ritish government intended to adhere strictly to th ie terms of the Clayton Bulwer treaty, and not as- th imeany sovereignty in Central America. The de ite reflected severely upon the course of the British [inistry, and expressions went to the point of stigatizing the proceedings on her part as monstrous id disgraceful. The letter was ordered to be print- 1 I* co An important Message was also received from r< ie President in relation to Kansas affairs, of which UI al ie following will serve as an epitome:? "The matters pertaining to Kansas would be at- as nded by some serious difficulties and embarrassent; partly from local mal-administration, partly pi om the unjustifiable interference from inhabitants of ca une of the F tates, with views foreign to the interests D. ' the rights of the territory. ; D; " The Governor of'Kansas, instead of using con- h( Ant vigilance in the exercise of his duties had al- re wed his attention to be divided and deviated from pi is official obligations by other subjects,?he himself, itting the example in violation of law and duty.? n< his conduct had impelled the President to remove le Governor. hi "The communication also alluded to the mis-di- a* scted zeal of Propagandists in emigration, and the ? ashing of slavery and anti-slrvery interests as a fo luse of much mischief, and it emphatically con- cc smned the efforts to anticipate cr force the determi- pi ition of that question in this inchoate State. Fi- .ra illy, the le^lative Assembly was for all practical Ai urposes, the lawful body, and condemned the for- er ation of a free State Constitution. Such a move- th entwas revolutionary in character, but if it reach- Sc 1 a point of organized resistance to the United mi tates Constitution and authorities^, it will become a ta ensonable insurrection, and hence it falls to the fri aty of the General Government to suppress it. " The message concludes by saying that if the in- wl ibitarts of Kansas should desire a State Constitu- ua on, and if they be in sufficient numbers, the pro- th jr course will be for a convention to recommend pli ie enactment of a law to that effect. It also re- en raimends special appropriations to be made to de- T1 ay any expenses that may become requisite in the th cecution of the laws and for the maintenance of pe lblic order iu the Territory." nc In every point of view the Message is important. ^ any of the Southern journals who have been seekg here and there causes of dissatisfaction and comaint wtth the administration, found themselves atilied at the seeming indifference with which the uh resident regarded the affairs of Kansas in his An- On lal Message. The word is taken out of their an ouths, and now, when the last hinge is taken from th< em, their cavillings must surely cease. We regret J at the Message came to hand too late for publica- te( >n ia this issue. It will appear next week. cit In the House, on Saturday the 26th, Mr. Dunn c.u Fcred resolutions, the first declaring that no man ^ ould be elected Speaker who will hesitate to re- as ore the Missouri Compromise. Second, that the mi issouri Compromise should be restored as a necesry and certain means of reviving harmony and Up ncord in the Union. Third, that factional agita- ins >n of the slavery question in and out of Congress, hei is unwise and unjust to every section of the coun- ^ y. But until the Compromise was restored, it was to solemn duty to persist in efforts for that end. The rot first was rejected by one hundred and three nays to one hundred yeas, lue second was adopted by one hundred and one yeas to one hundred nays. The third was rejected by one hundred and three nays to one hundred yeas. Mr. Fuller offered a resolution, that agitation of the slavery question was unwise and uiyust to every portion of the American people, and injurious to every section, and ought not to be countenanced, which was adopted by one hundred nays to one hundred and three yeas. Mr. Meacham offered a resolution, that the repeal of the Missouri Compromise was an example of useless and factious agitations of the slavery question, unwise and unjust to the American people; which was adopted by ono hundred and eight to ninety-three. ARRIVAL, OF THE AFRICA. From the details by the Africa, we clip the following items in reference to European affairs. The read er will be care'.ul to make allowances for contradicting statements. Of course, we mast not believe everything we road. It will be observed, for the sake of example, that Russia is here said to be favorable to the propositions; while England and France are reported "warlike." There is always something "behind the scenes," which h lis yet to be brought out The Africa arrived Wednesday last: (Russia's answer will not be received before the 10th. It is expected to contain neithefpositif e assent or dissent; probably she will make counter proposals to be settled by a conference. The feeling in France and England is still warlike. Russia .continues incessant preparations for war. The French blew up the Sebastopol docks on the 22d. The conference on the Danish 8onnd Dues is indefinitely postponed. Berlin papers speak favorably )f the disposition of the Czar to consider, the propositions of the Allies. Adrioes from Asia state, tha^ the Russian army at iars was occupying, in small detachments, the fortiications at Schanly Dagh.' The Russians had colected large stores at Geni Keni village, on the road o Erzeroum. They were apprehensive, also, of an ittack on Kara by Selim Pacha, who was encamped n the mountains. The Rnssians will" probably not ittockErzeroum, inconsequence of the exhaustion >f their troops and the bad condition of the road. Advices from the Crimea to the 26th ult, state that he Rnssians bad increased the fortifications over Lnkermen, and unmasked new batteries on the left f the Tchernaya. Marshal Pelissier remains in the Irimea, and General Marmora acts as bis proxy at he Codnoil of War. Omar Pacha was unpopular in lonstantinople, in consequence of the fall of Ears, 'he Conncil of War at Constantinople wasr directing 11 its efforts towards the defence of Erzoroum and "rebizonde. The general council at Petersburg was principal! y ngaged on the question of fortifying the stratagetio oints of tho Empire. The fortifications at Kiew rill be finished before the close of the winter. The nilroad from Moscow-to St" Petersburg will be promoted by redoubts at intervals, and each will be ocupied by a battalion of militia. Livzbfool Makksts.?There hod been an improvd demand for flour, and Western Canal was quoted t from 40 @ 428. and Ohio from 42s. @ 44b. per bl. Corn had an npward tendency, and had adnnced 6d. por 480 lbs. Trezibonde,' Kan and Eneroum are cities in Asiatic urkey, the capital towns of territories bearing the ime names? the former a commercial emporium on ie South-east coast of the Black Sea, opposite the rimea, and the two latter farther in the interior in. ie same direction. Kan has a population of 6,000; Irzeroum, 20,000. 8ince the above was pat in type, we bate received ie details by the Baltic, three days later than those f the A/rtea. On comparing the news, we fine no tatter of material difference. The 'peaoe proposals ad not received the Czar's answer, and better hopes f peace seemed to prodomin&te. Russia has had !te time for her decision on the matter extended to lie 18th inst., and expectations are at an exciting itch to learn any olew to the Czar's resolution rear J ing these peace propositions. Yet the report om Vienna and Berlin state that, by advices re mived there from Si. Petersburg, the Czar will iake no farther concessions in the matter. On the Jier hand, it is known that certain formal confer ices were in session in St Petersburg discussing ic proposals. The councils were attended by Nesilrode, Esterhazy, Zebach and Sommer. The Injpendence Beige publishes the text of the Allied :oposals. The general impression is, that Russia ill neither accept nor reject the terms, but will md Count Stakelburg to Vienna with counter pro)8&ls. At St. Petersburg, on the 3d instant, the war coun1 had concluded, and it has been made known that e Russian tactics, for the approaching campaign, id undergone important modifications. An order nt from headquarters, indicates an intention to landon the Crimea, and a part of the troops had ten ordered to reinforce the division under Gen. ouravieff, others were to join the grand army of e centre. In well informed quarters, it is believed at definite intelligence on the peace transactions ould reach the British Government from Vienna on e 14th inst. ? From the Carolina Times. 7HE SOUTHERN QUARTERLY REVIEW. The proprietors of the Carolina Timet have heme joint proprietors of the Southern Quarterly eview. It will hereafter be published in this city, ider the imprint of E. H. Britten & Co., to whom 1 communications should be addressed, and all payents of subscription be made, as well of arrears, i payments in advance. It is with the greatest satisfaction the present proietors announce to the public, that they have seired the services of the Rev. James H. Thornwell, , D., as Editor of the Southern Quarterly Review, r. Thornwell's eminent qualifications for the labors t has assumed?his great natural endowments, his .re powers of analysis and reasoning, his habits of ofound research, his extensrvo and thorough acliremcnts, his discretion and good judgment? >ed not their feeble commendations; they are known id acknowledged of all men who are familiar with s fame and his writings. By his co-operation, id by the assistance of a corps of able contributors the ablest in the wholo country?which will be rmed at the earliest practicable moment, they nfidently hope and believe they will be able to ace the Southern Quartily Review in the very front nk of periodical literature, as well in Europe as in lucuvn?io mane u 100 cnensneo. object of South n pride and affection, the repository of the great oughts of great minds, and the sound exponent of mthern sentiment and Southern views. That we ay accomplish our objects and fulfil the just expections of the public, we crave the assistance ef every iend of the South and Southern literature. Owing to the extreme illness of Mr. C. Mortimer, 10 has had tho sole charge of the Review, the Jan,ry number has not been issued, and it will be furcr delayed In consequence of the change of the ace of publication. The present proprietors will dcavor to serve subscribers by the middle of March, le April number will be published in the course of at month. After that time each number will apar at the appointed period. Dr. Thornwell's con ction with the Review will commence with the )ril number. The terms of subscription will be c same as heretofore $5 a year, in advance. ANOTHER OUTRAGE IN FLORIDA. The schooner William and John brings the parti oirs of another outrage by the Florida Indians. i Monday, the 7th instant, the William and John rived at Fort Dallas, (Fa.) and found the people in ? vicinity in a state of great excitement. The inbitants of the surrounding country were collected the Fort, and were organizing companies for pro;tion against the Indians. The cause of the Clement will be understood from the following cirnistance8: On a day shortly previous to the aral of the William and John, Peter Johnson, with o men, whose names we could not learn, went out, was their custom, to dig arrow-root, about six les from tho mouth of the river near which Fork .lias is situate : While engaged in their work. :y were attacked by a band of Indians, who fired on them, killing Johnson and one of tho others itantly, and wounding the third in the side and ad. He was not so severely hurt, however, but it ho could reach his boat, which was moored near , closely pursued by the Indians, till he was able push off beyond their reach. He succeeded in iching Fort Dallas, where, as soon as his story waa f