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VOL. III.] WINNSBORO, S. C., TUESDAY, AUGUST 28, 1866. 90. TIlE TI-W KIly NHWS, 13 PUBLISHED EVERY TUESDAY, THURS DAY AND SATURDAY, y .Gailla:d, Desportes & Co. In Winnsboio,' S. C., at $6.00 per an. unn, in advance. VIE FAIRFIELD HERALD, PUBLISHED EVERY WEDNESDA Y MORN ING, AT' $3.00 PER ANNUM. POSTRTY. [FOR Tn1 19WI.J THE CONSUMPTIVE'S WIS8, On the Death of S. W1r. MclB. nY F. A. W. "I do not wish to die when the weather is cold and dreary; this world i beanutiful, nd I would not like to seo it. for the last time dark and gloomy, but clothed in sun hine." Oih I I Would not die in winter When the earth is cold and drear, When the wind, like funeral dirges, Falls in badness on the Car; When the earth is cold and slient In her winding-sheet of snow When the birds have hushed their singing And the trees no blossoms show. No-I would not die in winter When the world is looked in death; When the earth is clothed in sunshine, Let me give my parting breath. Olt I But let me die In springtime When the earth is robed in green When the trees are full of blossoms, And the zephyr cloud Is seen. How it speaks of that fair country Where I soon expect to go Where the trees are ever verdant, And the skies no changes know. 01 1 Then in the pleasant springtime When all nature wakes from death When the earth is clothed in beauty, I would give Iny parting breath. If the spring should pass to summer, I would lay me down to die Midst its rich and varied flowers 'Neath its warm and genial sky. Birds should come with songs to cheer me On that pleasant Summer day; I would lat the sep)yra fan me dhlThnlnlhe givZ oms sunshine, When the earth hasM aked from death. And this world Is full of beauty, I would give my parting breath. * * * * * * * From the icy grave of winter Came the early breath of apring, And the air was filled with sweetness From the blossoms It did bring; But still he lingered with us Till the roses were in bloom; And the spring had just departed When we laid him in the tomb. 'Twas the second day in summer When he closed his eyes in death, And the world was clothed In sunshine As he gave his parting breath. June, 1864. TIlE PHILADELPHIA NATIONAL CONVEN. T10N. Address to Ihse Peoople of t1ae Ussited Stara. A DtMAND FOR SOUTHERN REPREsEN r/'rioN IN CONGRESS. * CONCLUDED.] Second :But it is asserted, in eup. port of thme authority claimed by thm Congress stow in possesston of power, that it flows directly from the laws oi wvar; that it is among the rights which victorious war always cotnfors 'npon the conqIurors, and wh~lich thte conquerot ,ay exesiciso or waive in his own dhs. ertion. To this we reply that the lawt inu question re'late solely, so far as the righta ;.he*v conifer are coficernedl, tc waurs wasged betwe~t'en alieme sand indepen dlent, nsations,~ and can1 hIave no% place o1 force, in this regard, in a war waged by a governmlent, to suppress an imesurrec t,ion of :its own peopWb, up on its owr soil, against its authority. If we had carried on successfuil war against an) foreign ntatton, we might thereby hav' e.equired osession and jurisdiction ove the soil ofthe Soutliern States, limit' ed only by our own donatitution Our laws were the,.only tational la,w in force upon It. The Government o thec United States~ *the only Go, crnmeont through* w h. those Stato. anud their p.ooplo -had 'rdot,ions witi foreign nations, and 'its dag was thm only flog by which thof were recog nized or known anywhere on the face of the earth. In all these respects, and in all other respects involving na tional interests and rights, our posses sion was perfect and complete. It did not need to be acquired, but only to be maintained ; and victorious war against the rebellion could do nothing more than maintain it. It could only vindicate and re-establish the disput ed supremacy of the Constitution. It could neither onlarge or diminish the authority which that Constitution confers upon the enlargement or abridgment of constitutional power can be effected only by omeundment of the Constitution itself, and such amendment canl I,e made only in the modes which the Constitution itself prescribes. The claim that the sup pression of an insurrection against the Government gives additional authori ty and power to that Government, es pecially that it enlarges the jurisdic tion of Congress and gives that body the right to exclude States from repre sentation in the national councils, without which the nation itself can have no authority and no existence, seems to be at variance alike with our principles of the Constitution and with public safety. Third : But it is alleod that in cor tain particulars the Constitution of the United States fails to secure that absolute justice and impartial equali ty which the principles of our Govern ment require ; that it was in these respects the result of compromises and concessions to which, however necessa ry when the Constitution was formed, we are no longer compelled to submit, and that now having the power though successful war and juist warrant for its exercise in the hostile conduct of the its own conditions, and make the on stitution conform to all its provisions, to its ideas of equality and the rights of man. Congress at its last session proposed amendments to tie Constitu. tion, enlarging in some very insportant particulars the authority of the Gene ral Government over that of the seve ral States, and reducing by indirect disfranchisement the representative power of the States in which slavery formerly existed ; and it is claimed that these aniondnents may be made valid as parts of the original Constitu tion, without the concurrence of the States to be most serIously affected by them, or may be imposed upon those States by thtee-fourths of the remain ing States, as conditions of thesr read nifsion to representation in Congress and in the Electoral College. It is the tnq uotionable right of the people of the United States to make such changes in the Constitution as they, upon duo deliberation, may doom expedient. But we insist that they shall be made in the mode which the Constitution itself lints out-in conformity with the letter and the spirit of that instrument, and with the principles of self-government and of equal rights which lie at the basis of our republican institutions. We deny the right of Congress to make these changes in the fundamental law, with out the concurrence cf three-fourths of all the States, Including especially those to be inmost seriously affectl by tham ; or to imposo them upon States or people, as conditionsof reprfsenta tin, or of admiissio to any if the rights, duties or obligations wleh ,be long, under the Constitution, t /all th6 States alike. And wiLhgroal clem plhasis do we deny the right.Iof any. portion of the St:ates exolujiug the r6st of the States from an share in their councils, to propose *sar.etion changes in thme Constitutio'n whiElh aVe to affect pernnently their litieal re lations and control, or coe o the le. gitinmate action of the seve I members of the commnon UnIon. S oh an exer cise of power Is simply a urpation ; just as unwarrantablo w a exercised by Northerii States as it would be if exorcised by Southern, d not to be fortified or palliated b anything in the past history citho of those by whnoni it Is attempted Qf thwo upon whose rights and liberties it is to take effect. It fibda no. warrant in the Constitution. It is at war with the fundamental pritoiples of our form of .governinent. If tolerated in one in stance, it becomes the precedent for future invasions of liberty and consti tutional right, dependeni; solely upon 'the will of the party in possessifn of power, and thus leads, by direct and necessary sequence, to the most fatal and intolerablo of all tyrannics-the tyranny of shifting and irresponsible political factions. It is against this, the most formidable of ail the dangers which menace the stability of free government, that the Constitution of the United States .was iutended most carefully to provide. We demand a strict and steadfast aderence to its provisions. In this, and ; in this alone can we find a basis of pergmanent union and peace. Fourth : But it is alleged, in justi fication of the usurputioln which we condemn, that the condition of the Southern States.and people is notsuch as renders safe their. read mission to a share in the Government of the coun try; that they are still diuloyal in son timent and purpo4e,*and that neither the honor and credit .or the interest of a nation would be sarfo if they were readmitted to a share in its councils. We might reply to this: I, That we have, no right, for such reasons to deny to tiny portion of the States or people rights expressly con ferred upon them by thdeConstitution of the United Sttei. 2. That so long ats .,'eir acts are those of loyalty-.-so loni as they con form in all their public nxduct to the requireiments of tho (9 stitution and laws-welhavo no right o exact. from them'cOnfoin)ty in thoe sentiments trust the, purpose or the abi ity of the ople of the Union to protect and do ftnd, under all contingencies and by whatever means may be required, its honor and Its welfare. These would, in our judgment, be fall and conclusive answers to the plea thus advanced for' the exclusion of these States from the Union. . But we say further, that this plea rests upon a completo misapprehension 'or an un just perversion of existing facts. FERLINO IN TI# SOUTH. We do not hesitate to affirmt that there is no section of the country where the Consti tution and laws of the United States find a more prompt and entire obedience than In those $tsa and among those people who Were,lately in arms ag4inst, them; or where there is less purpose or danger of any fu ture attempt to overthrow their authority. It wotild seem to be' both natural and inovi table that in States and sections so recently swept by the, whirlwind of war. where all the ordinary modes and methods of organi zed industry have been broken up. and the bonds and influences that guaranteo social order have been destroyed-where thou sands and tens of thousands of turbulent spirits have been suddenly loosed from the discipline of war, and thrown without re sources or restraint upon a lorganized and Ohaotid sooEty, and where the keen sense of defeat is added to the overthrow of ambi tion and hopes, scenes of vidlence should defy for a tieo the imperfect disciplitfe of law, and exoito anew the fears and forebo dings of the patriotic and wet disposed. It Is unquestionably true that local diettir banoes of title kind, acoupimiled by moro or leqsviolence, do still occur. But they are oonfined entirely to thu dLies and largo towns of the Southern Stakes.whoro diffr ent racni ard interests are trought. most closely in contact, And whorb Oassloub and reseni.melits-arO always most talily fb$l sfld tfinncd Into-out.brak ; and eve there, they are g$ufo as inuch Vie fruit ofjaathuelf hurtful political agita~tion, as <f any hast . :y Ap th;art of the people to 'the authn(i ty ft,heNat os-Governmen BIut th.econnurrent testi ny of "'those best auted with the son ion 6f'sool. ty and..thes utate of public et et tt f hie South--inoluding that of its ye esentatives In this eouiventon-establiElhes be fact that the great mass of the Sother people ac cept. with as full and sinoord a bahission as do the pope of the other as, lbs re established supr-emaey of thE aslonal atu thoerity, and are prepar'ed, in t most,14syal spirit, and with a seal quieken alike lby their Interest, and.thieir prldhv oo operate with other. States and sections a whatever may be ncessary te defend be rights,1 maIntAin the hItune antd'promOh the weiflare of our .common goUiati'y. ils ry at!!rds no in:staUce where a neoplia, so owerful.In numbers, in resources and in public spirit, after a war so long in its duration, so de structive in its progress, and so adverso in Its issue, have accepted defont, and its con sequences with so inuch of good faith as has marked the conduct of the peopl:! late. ly in insurrection against the United States. Boyonad all question this has been largely due to the wise generosity with which their enforced surrender was accept ed by the President of the United States and the generals in immediato conmnmind of their armies, ant to the liberal measures which were afterward taken to restore or der, tranquility and law to the States whero all had for the I hme beeti overthrowt. No steps could have been hetter calculated to command the respect, win the ontidei.ce, revive the p1triotism and secure lie permla nent and affectionate allegiance of tie peo plo of the South to tle Constitution Uid laws of tbe Union, than those which have been so tirmly taken and so steadfastly pursued by the President, of tie United States. And if that. coutidlonce and loyalty have been since impaired ; if the people of the South are to-day less cordial in their allegiance tian they were immediately upon time close of the war, we believe it ii dite to the elangel tone of tihe legi-lat ive departtetit of the Genteral Governimew to ward then ; to the netion by which Congress hap. ende:tvored to tllplant. and defeat tdhe President's wise aid benefic(nt policy of restoration ; to their exclusion frotti all participation in oitt comtnon government; to the withdrawal from then of rights (on ferred and guaranteed by time Constitution, and to the evident purposo of Congress, in the exercise of a usurped and unlawful am tlority, to reduce tdhen from the rank of, free and equal imemhers gf a republic of States, with lights anid dignilies itunimpair ed, to the condition o counquere,l provincs and a conquered people, in all thtings sub ordinato and sudoet to i lie will of their con qutrors, free only to obey laws in makitig which they are not ,.llowed to share. No people has ever yet e.\iste.4 whose loyalty and faith such treatmient. long cotn tinued would not alienato al impair. Ad the ten millions of Americans who liv,t in the South would be unworthy citizens of a free country, degenerato sons of any heroio ancestry, unfit ever to becotno guardiamis of the rights and liberties bequeatheld to us by rhfar.hm pand -founders otett,lr ttpu-i, if they c..ld accept, wiIth uncom plaini tig mubtmissiventess. t lie hunmiliat ion.. t hon soutghtt to b0 impl)OSed upon then. itesenlt iment of intjustice is always and everywlete ecu tial to freedom ; and the spirit. wiicli promil tle States and people lately in insurrectio,., but-iuurgeltis now no. longer, to lotest against tle ihuipliition of unjust aind te grading condit ions, tmikes t hem all thle more wort iy to shiare in lie governnent of a free commonweithlt, and gives still tirner assurance of the future power and freedoi of the Republio. For whatever responsi bility tle Southert people nity have incur. red in resisting tie authority of the Nations al Government and in taking up arms for it overthrow, they may be held to answer, as individuals, befoeo the judicial tribunals of the land, and for that co).duct, as societies and organized communitios, they have al ready paid the most fearfitd ponalties that canl fall on offending Stattes in the ilosses, the sufferings and lumiliatious of unsuc cessful war. Biut whatever may be tihe guilt or the punishliment of the conscious au thors of tle insm-reciion, candor and oim mon just ice deianiid the cilcession that ite great nass of those who beenme involved inl its responlsibilify acted upon what they be lieved to be their duty, in deftnce of what they had lecen taught to believe their rights, or under a compulsion, physical. Nor can it. be amiss to rentrember that, terrible as have been the bercaveieuls and the losses of this war, they have fallen exclusively upon neither sect ion and upon neither ptriy that tliy have fallen, inleed, with far grotev weight upon lhese witi wlionm time war begon; liat it tire lciti of relatives and frieWs.. the dispeisioi of familii s. tile disrupsiu ofsocial systems anld sic a ties, the overthrow ot gsvermtnims, of law an] of order, the destruct ion of property, anl of forms and modes and means of industry ; the loss of political, comnercial, and moral influence. in every shape and for! i which great calamities can nssuio.--the States amid people which eigAgei inl the war against the Govirijnment of the United Stites hiave stiffe'red tenfild more than those Who r.enmatned In allegiance to Its Constitutioni and laws. These eonsideritions. may not, as they certaittly dto.tiet, justify t he action of the people ot't.holqurmggf. Stat es f but noe just or generouis niilnd will :efumso to thetis a very consmder'able weight ha determining the thue of conduct which.'the Government, of the UnIted Slates i,hould pursue towardt thenm. They accept, If not, with alacrty. oertain ly wit hout sullen reunment, the defeat and overthrow they have sustaIned. T'hey acknowledge and acquieso hn the results, to themselves and, the country,' which (I feat Involves. They no longer claim for any State the right to secede tromn thme Utionm; they no lotngor assert for atny Stato an aile glance paramount to that wh'o' Is due to the General Governmoent. They have ac osptedt the dlestruction of slavery, abemlied It by their Slate Constitutions, andi concur cml with the Stso tnaid ,,eninle oIhn whole ADVERTISING RATES. Ordinary advertidements, odoupying noi noro than ten lines, (one square,) will be neorted in THE NEWS, at $1.00 for the irst insertion and 75 cents for each sub ;equent inFertion. Larger advertisemets, when no contract a made, will be charged in exact propor ion. For announcing a candidate to any offico of profit, honor or trust, $10.00. Marriage, Obituary Notices, &c., will b charged the dame as advertis6tnents, whid over ten linba,'and triust be pild for whed handed in, or they will not apear. Union 4a prohibiting jtp oxdttence forever upon the eoil or within the jdrIsdiotion of. the United States. They indieate and ovince their purpose just so fast as may be po4si. ble and safe to adapt, their dowestio laws to the changed oondition of their sooiety, dud to secure by the law and its tribunalh equat and impartial justice to all classes of their. inbabitants. They alinit tlio invalidity of all acts of resistance to the national authori ty, and of all debts incurred in attempting. its overthrow. They avow their willingness to share the burdens anid discharge the du ties and obligations which rest upon them, in common with other States and sections of the Union ; and they renew, through their representatives in this Convention, by all! ther public conduct in every way, end by the most solemn acts by which States and societies can pledge their faith, their en gagement to bear true faith and allegiance, through all time to come, to the Constitution ot the United States, and to all laws that 1my he made in pursuance thereof HOW TO COMPLETE THE WORK OF RRHTORA TION. Fellow--ountrymen, we call upon you, in full relianco upon your intelligence and your patriotisi. to accept, with generotts and ungrudging confidence, this tiull 4in-eudr on the part of those lately in arms ngainn your tut hority, and to share with theI Ii hloo. %itnd relnown t.hat, await I hlose w1. bring back peace and concord it) jairli States. The war just closed, with all its sorrowA and ilisasters, has opened a now career ot glory to the nation it has saved. It. has swept away the hostilities of senti meLt and of interest, which were a standing menace to its peace. It has destroyed the instit-ition of slavery, always a cause of sectional agitation and strife, and has open, od for our country the way to unity of in. terest, of principle, and of action through all timo to como. It. has developed in both sections a military capacity-an aptitude for Achievements of war, both by sea and land--before unknown even to ourselves, land destined to exercise hereafte*, under united councils, an important influence upon the character and destiny of the continent and the world. And whilo it has thus re vealed, di-ciplined and compacted our pow er, it has proved to us beyond, controversy or doubt, by tho course pursWed toward buth toteolintihg sectiotu.hy *raigu-pawers, thatwe 1m1At he the guardians of our own intdepidene. and that the principles of repu1"ii we repiesent can find -O-w earth no friends ci,"") 1. .i' t evtbry 1Y, atnid in th i tnil ot libra., .;m, .A ... the wodd, to complete the work of restora tion and peace whi:h . tile President of the United States has so well begun, and which the policy adopted and the principles assert ed by the present Congress alone obstruct. The time is close at hand when nemoors of a new Congress are to be eledted. If that Congress shall perpetuate this policy and, by excluding loyal States and people from representation in its halls, shall continue the usurpatioAl"by which the legislative pow era of the Government. are now exercised, common prudence compels us to anticipate augmented discontent, a sullen wtthdrawal fron the duties and obligations of the Fede ral Government, internal dissensions and a.general collision of sentiments and pro tetnions which may renew, in a still more tearful shiape, thoecivil war from which we hav'e just emerged. We call upon you to iterpose your piower to prevent the recur rence of so transcendelnt a calamity' We call upon you, in every Congressioaal Dis tret of e' ery Stat e. to secure the eleion of members who, whatever other dtfferences mniy characteriZe theiT political rotion, will itito in recognizing the ntoHT or EVERY STATEu oF THIS UNIoN To RitPts5NTATtON uN eotnRMss, ANI) wYilo WILL ADMtT TO MRATS, IN P.ivTtuiR nniANcit, Evv.nY L,oYAL, nEilaRsE rAT'rvE FRtoM uvaRY STA'fh in allegian-ce to~ thie Government who mar be found by each llouse, in the exercise of this power confer 'ed upan it by the Constitution, who have ieen duly elCtedi, ret.urned and qualified ror* a seat t herein. Whlen this shall have been done, the lovernmttet. will have been rest ored to its ntegrity, the Const itution of lhe United itates will have been reuestablished in its uill supremacy, and the Amuerican Utnion will have pgain become what it was design. ad to be by those who formned it--a sor ihgna ntioni eomposed 'of 'separate ,States 'achi like itself, mioving, in a distinet and in - lependent sphere, exercising powers 4efin. ad aund reserved be a common .ConAstitutioni, i,'cd resting upon the asent,. the.confldene ad co-opcration of 'all the State e a'nd all lie people stibject to its constitutiotal role. ious, ti States anid the. Genstallevesn neat catn opter iu a fraternal. ,spirit, with a momumon purpose and a common Iutaresti ipun whatefor reforms the seottrity ofp personal rights, the enlargement of popita/ iberty. anid the perfection of our ropublc-' an itatitut ions may demand. SWVEDEN.-Th0 ol<18wedish Parliai nent ini four houses hans closed italJast ession. The next Parlirimont -will be tnder the new constitution, ia. two 'ousRgM'