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i at y advertiementl. , occupyilng ot U't! AY, THURS- (Aei .more than ten lites. (one square.) will be P.v AND HATUnDAY, Inserted in Till Nl-WS, at $1.00 ror the By ORilAY.I, 908p0TUtA I 00,first insertion and i ctW lot each sub By Gaillard, Desportes & Coo ohIeI a\ Winnsboro,' S. C., at *G.00 p)r )n- L-trger advertisemnent6, when no contract u iad - --- -----is mado, will be charged in exact propor -__(ion. . t~ ~ ~ '~ ~For annotincing acitudidati'to atl.*.* tc TiE FMILFIELD HERALD , U of profit, hior or trust, $10.00. Marringe, Obituary Notices, &. will be -~ --- -.-e-llarged lte Hal.e* &8 Advertisements, whe AVOL. I. WINNNSBORO, S. C., '.JESDAY, JUI,V 1ver ton line, an MnImt be PM $D e IM., AT $3.00 PML ANNUM. V ..17; 186. lhntded in. or they will not appear. [FoR THE NEws.) SoIlight o'er the mountain, .Iooilcams on the sea, ilight in the fountain, )owdrups on the tree, L,ightitng in tle heavcuS, Floweret ot' the isles, lainbow, God's pledge given, Those are Nature's smilks. ..111iles of beauty dancing, Onil the li.ps we love, Emiles from bright, eyes glancing, lad the 1hoiights above Where (he smiles eternal From it-he Angel-hand, Sh d their sunlight vernal O'er celestiail Lande. This world wouliobe so dreary Williu tle simiie: of eurth; Oir' letrth would soon grow weary, liult- hummia soUl no birth. Liko Aiigel-si.i'is near us, Tity tieem, in brightness dressed, iti meuis theum here to cheer us Until we dti our rest. PICTITIC. I r m tii A lguim: . onst ittionluldist ] Tie hae civil wir Oid uiich to lower the mr:d ton (f 1his ptiople, Norib Ili uhink, to w nk nthl,ir. idItei of poli 11ical rih. Off'onceis agrainl.t dectr11no r m "'' proviec of tho clerry anld( tu th -revernd. gointvleen we leatvq, thAt ihj'.'wiJin t hivin goud speed ini their 1, riainl-t. th wnNaltonles., of the day, ). . tle IVelaxationl of 1olitical ethics liming tha t conv,ie%s withiiitir ovn ii tion. \ltiin 'ow-a-davs :eem to 1t1t ti:i thy wvere borti freemen. N.r! It h;l S PtILI tho great bulk have b n long stijected to the sinvish ohe. - if miirt ry diciplinefi. that they np i r ' a rot t en( fl)oet how to Command t!-; kl<owm only how to obvv. Pa11sivo obwill'ee is thll( cred ofovevrnment nnd clliceW of' m11asters the lilmost vsretch of I V. Everywhero 11here is the brood drail presen't'cet~ thaimt must hec proitL ail I s, rvile ndorattion Iail, like the oW tl wild Airican negioes, it break forth in fisiry to re:nl ite n1eglectfiul-con 1 mn11tir0'. It the North this hoinous .\kiinla aiemi '/c (o11Mrnn1t, and lm1. he btilitiig guise of 11storu. ti. fit in either section thle l'er a nd Iho droad of it aire 1poni th bearta and the aiiuds of tein of thousan*ds. Mon i(it i it, dar to Call theit Potls their own f no( from fear it, l-list front ill.judged view of time-strving propriety. As w will aid 'of sin atciient eipire thcre is A party for Brutis anid it party for Pompey and one - for Omsr, but, I tiere,is no party' for Rome. There are ome. mnl for Congress and somit fortho l1rojd,fdt., and Soimie for a piddling half 'way courso they themselves do not -x ;:cily coltprehein1id, but thero is no party oir- T,h Coustitutio. - That is srcing mneat for men and we sceim livs puling hIah;ibs only fit to imbide tho swil milk of i.rtv hacks. Why just think o it thAt the 'other dity when it was tekgraphled that the Supremiq Court had decded a court-mar tial,had no r.ight to try civilians in time of peace, -whaiKt a roarof exultatiom went up all ovor the land. No right to try civilians, i1deed! Why what people worthy of freetdom over donbted that propositionl beforo i And what people, ave one011 debauched by" despotism, would evet' havo permitted., the occasios.' for suchI a de'cisibn to arese V Look at Canada that we-poor bi'adedj wretches --ffuct, to dispiso s a mere footstool of royatl power. She was invad4d by arm -.di and isawless bands, her property was 4teden ansd her stone were slain. In the atidist of profound peace alto saw,a- mad. .lene~d crew of poorr 'debided creatures vomitetd f'irth npon her shores, and yet in whast stingle inasance did alhe depart hIro5 iiith strict principles of justrice, of unmaniity, and good governtment? No and/itor cIf5/uommission"0fl there-no tink. linug of fit te b)ells-no caulciumn lights to ensenates in ordo-r to slowly kill-n rant, no humbug. no t:rture, no inurde Iliere. The people would not have stoo( it. They would have seen in any suel ileed a verging toward tyranny, and would have puiled down ifs authors as their fathers lopped off the head of Kiig Uharles Qnd put the Rump Parliament to rout. A h I that stout, and sturdy Eng lish heart. The Frotnchian may prate io glory and the Spainiard wrap htimsell i pride and the hot Italian trnst the point of honor, hut the stern Enghsh. man takes Principle for his guide an(d lias lived for two hundrid years the rree.it human being that walks the globe. Thero is no cranuning tyranny dowi his throat by open force. Thero is no foist ig it u!pon his heart by cnning snares. l'hio Minfstor who shonld commit a Lon. Join street-boy to thu Tower were lucky o esnpo the gallows, and 6he Judgo who shoild daro to wink at tihe lei8 1su1rpat ion of powr-r, would have, like JelTre!, his robe torn to ribbons on his lowiard back. A "military commission' lorsooit. Why, Gov. W'all, who flugg. a 13rit.ish soldier in India, wits, fifteern years lifter, inlicted and hanged for that imurderotns oflence-hanged by the neck, I lhough lie had twice the brains and seeo ei times the service of a dozen of "our' brigndierns Anid yet, we, so pros',ittited is our 'irit, (leei ourselves ie better of this )-Ird people aid actually make it our ma,st that we are "Io/ya" to uisuirpations hat a llriiish beggar would spit at. Not a iiLondon cockney, not at Cnmadiani Janinek, not a Nova Scotiain B31ie.nose, mnt is frt-er to-day than tho braggart citi o(In of I heso United States. And lie eserve- it. lie goes for principlo and asts ex pediency to the four winds, and Iiincipl holds him and his liberties as -alo as the laqA.loc-e,p lorbor holds the wveary ship. Son. WDVAER-ITs Hisrouiy.-We .vill ventire to say, observes the Lynct irg (Va.) News, that very few of oir readers who freqent the soda fountainm know the manner in which this delectit. In miner beverage is niade. Soda ,Yater is simply pure waker impregnated vith ca rbohic acid gas. It is kniown by ts slightly exhilerating qualities, and te bubbling and scintilition. The water .o be impregnated with gas is placed in strong vessel, usually made of iron or ,opper, called a fointain. Tho gas, Lfter being passed throug!h water to pui ify it, is conducted to the fountain, and, ifter sufli(:ient agitation in contact with lie gas, at a high pressure, the water >wcomes impregrmated, and is then known is soda water. Tho firt experiments were made by Venal. in France, in L750, and published in 1776; by Prest y, in 1798; and, later by Bergman, Black, Von Heimot and others. Tho first man'nfactory in the world was es. tabliebed at, Geneva, by Goss, an apotho. :ary of that city, whose anitual gales maotinted to 40,000 bottles of "Ea do In 179%, his partner, Mr. Paul, 'ounded an establishment in Paris, where were compounded not only the principle ninerl waters in France, but even ,hose of foreign countries. Prom this ,ime onward laboratories multiphed all ver Europe, aud tIhe manufactitre of simple agrated water is now cotidmcted on do lirge i mealp in -nil eivilised coun. triea that a, very large amount of inven Live talent has been successfully employ. ad in improving the necessary apparat. CoNOnEssioNA-.4The tarift bill camE from te Hose, and Mr. Grims moved to postpone iti consideration until De COmbIer. A fter debate the motion was aged to-yeas 23, nays? 7. Tne Niagara Ship Canal Wire up bai ndt diajiosed of. A.motioa to appoint a committee to investigate why the minority report, ol of'tlhe Reconstruction Committee war not-purb1ided with the evidence taker by the manjorit.y report of.the same corn mittee, was laid on the table by ado, ed vote An Irishman observing a dandy takig'hin nusa strut ia Broadway, stepped isp to Me and inqtuired, "How r*muoh rest do you, at for thioso houses ?" '"What do you ask ud~ for?" "Faith, and I thoughbt iko teken street beloned to ro, The Atlantic Telegraph The Ltontdon Times of June 10th has the following: "As the time draws near for tle de parturo of the Great Eastern the ut most activity is ob3ervable on board in order that tho p:reat ship.mly he read V to l6ave her niooritig- inl the Medway. a4 the latest, on Sattrday, the 30th fune. Wit.h this view relays df workmen . are employed, almost without linteriissioii, both day and night. Up to Sattnrdiy evning the hn(r for the anliids -liscov tinuing work there only remained a length of cable of a little Jtrer 400 miles to be received on board, and by oxtra exertions the remaining length will be shipped- by the end of tle present. week. 'l'he whole of tihe 1600 knots of new Ca. bole has beenl completed, anti Im the course of the presoit week the two gov ernment. vessols, tin Amethyst and tfis lent by the Admiralty, and employed front f.he Coililelnelent in . transport ing the cable from tlt) worka to the Great eastern, will receive oit board their last froghits for conveyance roind to the Medwav. The wtiit'of tile tew cable is about 38 cwt. per mile, which is almost dotib le the weight of tie original Atlantic cable. The total aniont.of cable to be taken oin will exceed.2,700 thiles. The steamer Medway,- 1,900 tons, belong inig to the Companly, will accompany the Great Easterin, and11 will Coivev about. 400 mlliles of tihe cableion board. Th e itnks for the stowage ( this qiantitv of cable have been fitted ct.board that ves sel, and by tile lllc t Great Eastern is ready to take her ( -partnre every thing will bo in readinl pit board the Mdway, The paddl *heel stenmet Terrible will again l4eaollpaly thie Great Eastern ; but it nld seem that the Admiralty have i . atel lImt a s8'Oltt VetsulTrg wnK.M K Ol this year. The screw 1amnr Albany, a vessel of lifteen hlilndred tons, will ac Company the expedit.iet irender assist. anco an:l carry stores and upplies, be sides which the scrow ste ter Wm. Cor ry is also being fitted to roceed to sea with other vessels. Afte coaling tho great ship will proceed di et to 1VItlautia ItIl Conicne the work ying the cable nbont the 7th1 or 8th of J y. No dotii)t whatever is entertnint by Captain Akndersont of his bemng al Lo Pla1Ce thle Great Eastern as near n, possible over the spot at, which the I(A end of tile ca. ble lies, notwithsthnditihat the buoys which were left to marihe. locality are swept, aVa,yV 811posil th.exact'spot to be reached, the worlef grapping for, when rom111d, hauling wl be commeen. ed, to accomplish 'whicilew machinery of enormus strbingtt Ia\been constrnt. ed and litte4-on board.j Twenty miles' length of wIre grapplinjropes have beeii mantifactured at tile copatly's works, and sama idea of the eprmolis strength of this rope my be fPilmed When it is stated th(t it is nearlybight inches in circumference, and is tlanufactureo of the toughest possible Oel wire. DIsTItssri.q ITAL,Y.-oC great inconvo. nience caused,by tihe foi paper currency, and b)y the want of a Acient supply of small notes, continues,' spite of'the do. vices to whih recourso 'had for its alle viation. Sonte uinnipi ties have sought a remedy in the issuo o malt loat 'notes. Tho Parna Savings k has done tihe samn, a:d ir. Tuscany taitit manufactur ere and commercial est.'shments have Is. sued pape of their'ownown to"one frand noteb. Ginori, the g porclain martu. faeturer, near Flore has done this, The shop-keepars take m ift'om the work. men, and receive ha s of 100 francs idi exchange. To-day walls of' Florence bear placards announ theo establIshment of a Peoptle's Bank, n for the Issue of small notes to failiit trade, wich has' suffered grovoutsly ide nt of' a proper cir culating medium. T ubl has boughit as little as It could, m eliera have conse. quontly been losers. exhorbitant per aentage.has often bet id to e&qhianger . large notes for small *.--Loioln T'am.e 1N)ST%rASTER'GE ALENi oTW' 8IGNICI.--ostmaus seneral'Deonnison' I has resignied. Hie' w .s to the P'residens ;* that the call of' the adolphia Conven. tion) is antagonitstic he policy of the p arty that notAinf tnd elected Mr, r ILincoln, and of' t convention ovel' " which hespr#"ded. e therefore with-' draws from the C L. Ilsrore are,o credited of other r Raln to.folow Anecdotes of the War. CHICKCN PIt. When tne two armies were entrene ed around the city of Petersburg, Va., there were many little incidents trans piring almost daily. to relieve the fa tigic and anxieties constttitly upon the minds of thb "hoys." In the rear of " Wilcox's old Brigade," Nalone's Division, which was situate I just on ilih right of 11drris' Mississippi t:oys, was a long holloW leading to with in some fift. yards of the rear of the lane. where thiore was a spring of ele. gant water, shaded by it majestic oak. This wits in a great etasure secure from the enemy's missiles, and groat nutimbers of tie 'ree fiegroes front Putershurg used to bring their'truck-"piet and things." as we called i hem--and sell thenu to t ho half starved "rebels" at enormaotis rates. A long lant.ern-jawed, cadaverotus- look ing Altbaminn, who presented the up. pearands of one red onl weak rice water for many months ; hii hunger kn0v no bounds j hepe was t abundance of every thiag to eat, but lie had no monet, not even a ' 0onfederate rag." The darkies were too wathelfui ; lie coil,hI't slip anything. But. le was determined to have a dinner, let the conseqtences be what they might. Sone little time after his determination, yolt tight have seen hina wending his way toward one of the most. popular of the stands, with a sack Amag acrois his shoulder. And thus le nccosltd thel'venerable "A unty ;" "Well, Auntyi what's that chicken pie worth.?" "Fourteen dollairs, massa. Cheap at dat." "Well, I haint ti monevi, but licen's four poands of sugar iin tlis sack, Ti'll givn vol for as muth of one' as I ean eat.." "Dat's a tr.ad shore. Here's de pile." . Alabama ate about threp foirthi of 1 the pie, straighited himielf tip, and handed over the sack, telh.g her as th pie was so ilice slt aruight ha ve the sack e oo. The oli woan thanked him, but the soldier ial watched for a busy moment. to hand over his p.a-yment, and wl,ile the pie maker, was waiintig on othe-rs he wended his w.".y back io where il. I Jets were Whistlng, where lao would be free from prosecation. A fter a Iill in haer littshlessi the old Woman (onacluded to vu.tamitre intio ti(. natire of her trade, fnd on eipening the c sack and pteping in, she exdaimed ' d "llimiph nighty airty salgar," and . raching i(rn hIer hand for a moro i.i P11a6 in,A-eetion-immediately her eyes b dilated ; her face elobgat.ed, aRnd- with ti mouth protruding bfond her nasal op. e pendage, growlod: "Nui1n but sand, A MINIATas Siln,' STAts AcRor,s TimI DosA-.-The "Red, White and itlle," a ninialure full-rigged ship, of four tons bur ]on, comnianded by .Jeln M. Iadson. at tecompanied by ono F. E. Fitch, sot sail 'rom No w York oun Mon'lay, evering. over ho wido blue sea. bound finally fft London, II o Itch at Cape Finnistare, Port miall. The Itf -ew York World says: "When hst aeon Ir It. vvs.el wns raridly i-tsling through the \ilantic, and proceeded, if not with the anguinoc expectations. at least. witi the se >est wishes of thousands of spectntoi'd and I riends, starting for the Paris Ex position. 1 ,aptains Ifidaon and Pitch state t at they <r ully know the peril and difflieult' of the indertaking, and are provided against Ail go ontingenoies. gt The New York Postoffioe does a lafge ca usiness, artd is said to snd away e.a h da'y " a average of 110,000 pounds of mail mat sr, whilst tha average daIly receipts for - liributidtn in New York city are 90,000 ound~s. t'he nuiaber of -bags rec'el-vedl we hosed attd forwerded in a single day' oftenri xceed 1,000. . the -lie Slpmo msisundetstanding witha regaa'd to- cot amnps upon cheeks is set at rest by a' de. $ laion in Washi.n6ton that "If a cheek Is re- u slvedaa a paymernt of money,. or In . En leto eY u,thtecelpt given rjoie- the >r Is chargeable with a'sitamp duty o t.we -N nts. If the etnobat' ex%eds twenty dol. - -... -- G Three imnportanat, events doaurred in liu- six ipe on the las't'anniversar'y of that'battle' of of1 aetloo. Oh .Thats day trussia mode. $1 eclaratieyft' .wia against Austria, atId Itkly ten flowed het' 0tample. -.Anti It. Was oi the' sehm me day that-the Orkbsi M1imuhis sustn. andi Ia hu~milintima def.a4 sn .th for- bift21 IMPortant Chang6s -i the Postal haws. The Postmaster of this clty(adp the Rat. eigh Progreas) has just received the offoial copy of the recent act of Congress to amend the laws relating to the Post Ofliee l)epart ment, together with instruotions predioated thereon. by the Postmastor Ged e-al, "gd ha furnished us with the oilowog itomi of Interest portaining to the game: "Hereafter, trepaid anti free rotters will be forwarded at the request of the phrty addresod. from onA post. oilco to an6ther without additional postage charge. Revurned dend letters will be reptorod to the writers thereof free of poA Whenever tihe' writer of a^le q- shak1 o dorse in writing. ot in printt - ple o t side tharnof his nane MO dd 6 Ai-VIh a reqtt!t that the nbet'$igrued to hint if not delivered within fny,t4iphfr'of dys, such letter will not be treatod4ps i d3 ad letter, but will be returned ad r'equested without additional postage charge. The system of "request !etters" has been in operatiob for about. three years, and found to work well. The advantage of the present niodifiction ofrtho law is that, such letters are now rettired to file writers with 61t chnrge. whereas heretofore the writer Aas compelltd to pay the adaitional regular rate of posta'ge for the teturn of the letter. It -is hoped this plin o' erequest letters" will be very generally adopted. as It is an ldvantage hoth to the postoffice department aud the pliblic, as it will reduce the number >f dead letters. and the correspondence will >e more promptly returned, while writers Nill be spllrtd the alinoyan'e of having their etters opned and read by other than the artlies adtressed. The Pootoffico Department *ill fturnish tatuped envelopes, when ordered, thrbugh ny Post master, in 4uanitaties of five hundred r more, bearing a business card, and re oert to return to a particular address,' at I. )saino rate chiaged for tha stauiped on. elopes withdut tihe printing. The postage in stamped envelopes spiiled' in directing, Inay be refunded in stomps by any postmas or, under certain restriction. This fact, ogether with the liberal provision for re - urning mnolained letters, and the low rates I A-hich the8e envelopes are furnished, can tot tail to commend their use to all whose ot'iespondenee is extensive. Tun P1Pas:Ax Navui" GuN.-As this oefpon will, in all probabillty, b6 frequentv. y mentioned during the course of the pres ' nt European war, a few words in descrip ion of its plan and principles will not be ut of place. The cartridgt used in tie "Needle" gun Imade of stiff card-board, the ball, plow e anild explosive composition being cuntain I in one anti the saono cylinder. Its great ectilinrity is tbat the detonating powder 1 plhced mnindiately in rear of tIhe base of no ball and between it. and the powder. The altintaoge of' ihis is, tfint when - the owder is ignited that portion iext, the boll i which combustim is firtt perfected exerts s full force upon tie projectile, the powder k rear a!qo exerting its influence, as it. be )mes alnrbst simultaneously ignited. Un erthe present system, inl which that. part 1* the powder next to the breech of the gun first ignited, a portion of thicpowder is equently expelled frot tle gun with the ill in a condition of only partly combuso. Da, the explosive force of tihe powder first misumrned beingt adoquate to expel the ball rd tie powder in its front before the wholo 110ge has titme to'ecomo entirely ignized. is in the "Needle" gun all the powder Oansied and applied to the best eif et d-and so as to obtain its fullest force at 6 Saimo instant and in the same direction. The "Needle" gun is a breeoh-loader ; d Nhien the trigger is pulled, a stout needle" or wire is thrust thbrough tie base the cartridge, parallel with its axiv, Into o detontiing ochargo ty the ball causing, ex'plosion and the ignition of the car idge. In a;curacy tihe "Needle" gun 6apsuot. be rpassed, anti its effective'rqngo is said to about fifteen httndred yards. It Ix, wever, doubkful whether it will be found bear with impun.iy the neoessirily rough atment of an active campaign. P'ho Prussian Jagr<s and sharpshooters serally are armed, with this formidable apon, And iupon a ikirrpith :in, w'he It a be lisd with c4ro atd iollberation, It at prove hiighly udreetive.-/RtMmontd 5e,. Ei TAX x INo3fs.-Athougl- the rg. ne of the Government amounnteJ to'$610. 1,000 Iast year, thou largely ed6e6dfig; 'offieal estimates, Corigress has -not, re. red the people of any portion of their In is tax. -Those who fnmake more than 0a year rust still pes five per eent. ta: in the excess. Even in tax-ridden gland, the 'income tak is redub# whei revesue ia larger than the esiImates.-, ofYork )Ierald. IsottarrdW R AIL t,'oA f.-4'Ihe Oitizem of' rrg.town have determined, by a vote, of y against four, to sustain the resobamtion heir own .Town (Counell l'o 'sut\scuibie 0,000 to the okpital stock of the tme-g. allailradi,. and pay for th~e saebyin ig bornds begr'inmg g9seper ccit, Juiog-aat,. redeimablu , .n- ...