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TE Til E -U KEws By Gaillard & Desportes.] WINNSBORO, S. C., SATURDAY MORNING, MAY 12 1866. [VOL. I[I.-NO. 44. 11H TRI-WEEKLY NWS Sotes on the Constitdtion of the United states. BY D. B. M'CREL0IIT. :SFTIoN 7. CIAUSM 3D. "Every 'Order, Resolution, or Vote to which "the Concurrenco of the Senate "iand House of Representatives may "be necessary (except on a question of "adjournment) shall be presented to the "1resident of the United States and be. "'fore the same shall take effect, shall be W$approved by him, or being disapprov. tied by him, shall be repassed by two. "thirds of the Senate and House of "Representativos, according to the rules 1and limitations presented in the case of "a Bill." It will be noticed in Section 5, Clause Ist, that a "majority 'of each (House) shall constitute a quorum to do busi. iiess." But this clause deals only with 8u1h business as requires the presence of two-thirds of both Houses. It does not mean that two-thirds of both Houses is necessary to pass laws, but it does mean, and the Constitution expressly re. quires, that two-thirds of both Houses sball be necessury to ovor-rule the veto power of the President. In this scale again may the Radicals b,- weighed and found ranting. Two. thirds of each House inepns two thi ds of the full delegation, that is a delegation fron every State. And yet the Senate of the United States dares to count its vote on the Civil Rights Bill a Constitutional one, when 33 votes overrule the President, when, if that body were now organized according to the Constitution, instead of 33 votes be ing a two-third decision, it would re. quire 48, W hither are we driving ? - The 8th Section of the Constiution begins, "The Congress saill have the power." Before annotations on the seV eral clauses in it, some notice will be taken of the purport of the quotation just made. That the Constitution is something more than a mero agent, a tool inl the hands of each one of thirty-six sover eign,t, and that it has Intent powers and rights that sovereignty alone can claim, is evident, from this very Oth E'ectioln. "Congress shall hav'e power,"-that is authority, that is right. But a right has its correlative duty for every citi. zen and State to respect and obey ; be. bause the Constitution inl relation to each State and each' citizen, is sover eign or superior. C,LAx 1ST. "To lay and collect "taxes, duties, imposts and excises, to "pay the debts and provide for the com "mon defence and general welare of "the United States ; but all duties, im "posts and excises shall be uniform "throughout the lynited States." There is no mista*ing tho surrender of sovereign right in this clause. It is here where we find the force of thut first object fot the ordaining of the Conslitu tion, contained in the preamble, viz: "a mora perfect Union." Theo very thing hat rendered that other union only a rops of sand, was for the want of tlie very power herein grunted, and' wivMyhe States were so loath to: grant then. ' willIbe observed that it was n'otdo ithout a compro. mise. Atid.t mise between United ane Stan ttty is found in the last sentence i e,int posts and' excIses shall ~~: rm throughtout the' United States -~" es" are not embraced in that eoi mnise, because in.a.preceding clauseit ie ordained that Frepresentatives and di reet taxes shall be apportioned an A:g the senetal 'States 4 accord iog to their yiev- numbers." As 4 the ntumbers are not unifojrmi. so neither - eexpected attr assembly however wise, sagacious I k1id purely patriotic may be its mem >Prs, could frame a perfect government. I the case of the Constitution beforo us t is a matter for profound gratitude that ,we had such men in the infancy of our Jovernment to give it shape and sta. )ility. Biut there is one passage in the clause inder consideration that seems not to >ear the impress of that deliberate care mid caution so characteristic of the athers of the Constitution. Among he powess therein granted is one on the >art of Congress to "provide for the * * * goneral welfare of the Jnited States." It is true this indefin. te provision is hedged in by so many :learly defined powers throughout the onstitution, that no patriot could mis. -onstrue it. But it is not always true hat patdots prevail in the Halls of Jongres CLAurv 2ND. "To borrow money on 'the credit of the United States." NotLing gives weight and influence .ore to a people than a well established :onfidence in their ability and un ,hangeable purpose to meet all their pe. miniary liabilities. In the old Union ,he States reserved the right to furnish Ih money, althongh they granted te "ongress the power to raise fundi on ,heir credit. And It was this element >f wteakness in that Union that called [orth from Congress so many pressing ipppeals to the States for funds, and which led a Committee composed of Hamilton, Madison and Fitzsimmons, in ne of their reports t,o Congress to use Ahe following significant phrase : "It is certainly* pernicious to have "any government in a situation of re "sponsibility disproportioned to its pow. In the present Constitution the pow. Dr is made equal to the responsibility, ind here anoth'er rivet is clinched ir that bond which forms "a more perfec Union." Cr,ATs 3D. "To regulate Commerce "with foreign nations. and among the "several States, and with the Iniiai "tribes." The equality of the States, and there ore equal justice by the Constitution, is mplied in this clause. It will be ob erved that "regulato with" is diffierent 'rom "regulate among." Congress has ower to discriminato in the regulation )fcommerce with foreign nations and Andians tribes, but not among the sev. ral States. Hore is a right or power reserved, td another stirrendered. CL,Auas 4TI. "To establish a nni. 'form rule of naturalization, and uni. 'form laws on the subject of Bankrupt. 'cies throughout the Uni'.ed States. The powers herein granted are neces. ary from the nature of the Cobstitu ion, as appears from other parts of it in hich the control of citizenship and oining and making money legal tender s taken from the Staies, or rathe ;iven by the States. CL,AUSA 6TH. "To cohl money,- regu. 'into the value thereof, and of foreign 'coin, and fix the standard of' weights md> measure s. The "more perfect tY'nion,r is thus trenigthened by obviating all those Iifficulties and i'rregularities'and annoy. meces that woul'd arise; if each State houbil coin it.s own money, and perhaps atch fie a diffbrent valre upon its own ~o1n, valfue foreign cohir difl rently,'and >erhni* establish diverse statidthis of weights and measures. It couli heldty >o possiie for thirteen States teged nt separate action upon the tr at tter' Ihent of counterlbiting 'j e s "0 ant&ourrent coin 4%. the* eaid n The er here grayhted follows a onse4 bosgt. n the $y.ooe a lause. shaldng the powEir Qto rument eq .. I. ##3pppeb1I.7* as iss tr 1 I4e corped. Interview of drs, liVis ilth her flns band. Our Old Point correspondent of May 4, says : It is now understood that Mrs. Davis, with her little child, had an interview with her husband, at half-past 8 o'clock, vesterday morning. "'he interview last ed nearly two hours, and must surely have been extremely gratifying to bdth. In the conrse of a t.welvemonth, mainy very noticeable chinges occur. It was on the evening of the 20th of April, 1865, that the steamer William P. Clyde, from which a ,few hours before JefTerson Davis hqd been buaded, Rlowly set sail, and w hile the&steam and smoke issued from her - engine and boilers she moved slowly out of the harbor. The sole passenaers on tho Clide were Mrs. Davis and Clay, and her destination was Savannah,the Southern port troni which she came. For nearly a year - Mrs. Davis has been refused the: privilege of visitiig her husband. The resiilt of the many entreaties on her part, and those of her friends, has at. last revailed on the clemency of President Johnson, and the desired boon has been -finally granted. Your correspondent snmed yester day morning, at an ear hour, so much as to call on Mrs. Davis, as sie was awaiting in the sitting. room of the Iy geia Hotel the presence of an officer from the fortress. Senlini in my card by the colored waiter in-, attendance, the desired ohjet was at enee acceded to. The sitting room of the hotel has never, by any means, bten noted for its comfort or the exten iveness of its adornments. Entering ihe room and passing through the roquisite etiquette occupied but a few seconds, and the agreeable conversation ith Mrs. Davis which ensued was far ore than a re componse for the courdqe which it re quired to solicit such am iterview. The manner and converoat10o Mrs Davis was that. of one perfectly at home on all subjects, and extremely lady-like in all her remarks on the vmpog.qWpigsofthe. day which perchatnce '*ere brought up. She had been allowed :the . privilege of correspondev.e with-hqr husband, but of the exact state'of his. bealth. she 9dared not hope. The favorable opinions form. ed from the occasional correspondents of Northern papers were often dissipated by assertions perfectly contradictory, and in thie long time which has elapsed since she has seen her husband it has often been a mere matter of doubt, ow. ing to the reticence of Mr. D'avis in speaking of the sibject of his general health. Of the terms of her visit she was not aware, but hoped it would be her privilege to remain xt this place until her husband's fate was decided. Afler conversing for tho space often minutes, your correspondent retiref, much impressed with the interview. Mrs. Davis wan accompanied by a' large quantity of br'ggage. All of this was mov6d inside the fort last night. Wiru fnsirunt ioifOW7ing a rti Chargen; tile with tamp Dutica. The' followingletter contain an im portan-t revenue decision Sin: The first internal revenue act took effect, so far as related' to stamp duties, October 1. 1862. Instruments executed and delivered prior to that date, though they may be recorded afterwards, are.nbt chargeable with 'tamp duties. If any instrumei tsubject to stamp du. ty was issued after October 1, 1262, and prior to August 1, 1864, nnstamped, or insufflciently stamrnpod, the appropriate st'amp may be afRxced in the presence of the court, register. or recorder, as pro. vidatd' by section 165 of the' act of June 30, 1864 An instrument issued' since August 1, 1864, nnstamped. or insuficiently stamp edl, may be stan1ped by the Collector' upon paiyment for the proper sta mp,'and of a pentdty of fifty dollars; and where the amopaft of the stamp duty exceedh fA'ty dollars. on paymeht, also, of inter est on sai1doisty at the rate of slx'pbr Sent. from' the day on which thb statnp' should have'-been affr~ed' ~Im the instrinens ie presented'io'the' ('ollector wit'hin twel e dhlefclar modiths ~ftba'lts Issue,'the ColIectowis M,ithdtised to'remit the penalty, providmd It shalt :Ep4tw hustIefs;Oti9fn.th9S.10omis sothemp It' wa -y reeao ci detaltke, inadvertence, or n rgent. roeesty, and without willfunl design tQ e delay t,he y- p within twelve nalondar months the pen. alty nnd interest must be paid to the collector before he can reider it valid by affixing the appropriate stamp, without regard to the. caUse of the omission to stamp it at thi tit'ne of its issue. The commissioner has no power to remit this penalty. Deputy collectors, unless acting as collectors under section 39, have no au thority to affix stamips or remit penalties under section 158. The stamp to be affixed to any instru ment is that required by the law exist ing at the time when the instrument was made, signed and issued. Thm whole amount of penalties paid to collectors for validating unstamped in struments should be returned on form 58, with other unassessed penalties, and the money deposited to the credit of the Treasury of the Uaited States with oth. er collections. A. E. Rom.iNs, Commissioner. THi Foun NFw Bimtnrs.--The General Conference of the M. K. Church South has elected four of its ablest minis ters to sit with their Soule an A ndrew, their Early, Paine, Knvanagh and Pierce, on their bench of Bishops. Find. ing that those iklready ordained to this duty were insufficient for the many and arduous and widespread labors they had taken upon them, and seeing before them more extensive fields of labor yet untouched by the sickle of this church, they resolved to add to their number four more, and they have selected the Rev. Dr. Wm. i. Wightman, Rev. Dr. D. S. Doggett, Rev. Dr. 1-. N. McTviere. Rev. E. M. Mirvin for this august and responsible office. Rev. Win. M. Wightmir, D. D, L. L. D., is a South Carolinian, and formerly edited the Charleston Christian Advocate. He i-i also, well known as the biographer of Bishop Capers. lIe is a man of extensive and profound learning, and is now President of the University of Alabama, at Creensboro, in that State. 1ev. D. S. Doggett, D. D., wats c4i tor, for many years, of the eAtehodist Quarterly Rein'ew, and now presides over the .9,piscoptl .Hcthodist, at Va., of wich State tre is a sonl, and is highly esteemed for his scholarship and abili'.y as it writer and pupit, orator. Rev. H. N. NfcTyiere, D. D., is well know7 here,, when, a's editor of the Christian Adv*ocate and as the eloquent occnpant of several of our pulpits, ho so Fong attracted crowded audiences to the sanctuary, Rev. E. M. Marvin is less known among us. He comes from Missonri, from which State he went with General Price as his chhplain into the army, and served on that pea--fiil and heavenly duty throughout the late unhappy con flict. The fact that his ministerial brethren chose hini hishop on the first ballot, shbWs their high estimate of his character and abilies.-N. 0 Pica yune. F"NDINo OU'r -President Johnson snid not long ago'that the colored people would dhd out after a while who were their true friends. They seem to be doing so already. At. thV Afrlcan . Methodist Conferinee, in Washingtoi, "Bishop Campbell" said that from bloody Kansas to the Gulf they met, opposition from the Northern Methodist Episcotal Church, but that, the Southern Methodist Church has assisted them. "Rev. J. A. Shorter" said it was a fact' that their ministers were aided in the South by the Methodist Churchi. The Northern Methodist Church did not aid theta, but nilich of'teher they opposed them. The Camden Joeurnai of Fridity last says. "On Wednesday last our town was re-gar rhdoned by a detachment of soldiers from the 17th Reglsrgnt, of Maine Volunteers, tuder commau.d of Capt Bloyce. They are stationedh at the'old'brick hotel, opposite iihe Couti Hbuse.'' Prof. Wh4ktstone, has ri&ertained that the d1uratioin of the electrio spark does nit .exdoed the twbalffar'thousandtle part of a second, A eannog halt would appest .. *tisebary id its 4ht, if illumihnated' bf th's spu&rk, anud thefwing of ush lnseoct that muov's' ten' thoubkhd tili6Wa'gi66tdi Woutd u'enf at MPetsinb. re gr'atijied to learn at a'late hbee lae' tdihit that Informktion had been reCeived4 ishis, ttty from an en tirely realable bodt*ee fl Wn.hobngtoa city, that Messes. b*edG5'irford Keyes and F. G, 8tV6# Wd*obhidd i450Qeutle Pinek AOey 5dedst A f.diath,- had been tepvieved.th)?eptideMj the sae of three moMhan'.'rCqwrer 10L Tile C11mrell Ishiteligencer, D EVOTED to the iter-es(s of the Pro testant Episcopal Churchl, is publish ed at Charlotte. N. C. Terms of subscaip tion, cash in advance. For six months, $2 00 For ofie year, 4 (10 Truts OF ADVEnTIsNM-Fifteen cents a line, or for (ho space of a line. To yearly ad.ertisers, a liberal deduction on the above will be made. 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