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^^1^^^ * ^> '^> - \ yp _ ? . ? ? t - . f " r',^|i' * " i '.' - _ 1 **^?^"k"^?^^sij^fc^?gi^i^^;^i;ssssssss^5sssssgis^bebb3c^s^s5scmc^s3 snuom to ^enumlturo, lorfruuur^aaiittiattttmii^^ jliirrtni 3tor? ?< ifa. a,, ,','t'- "." ~, ^ jj-.^iim . win ?im ? " jwby^ibnwr't'i'' n ' - ; t vol. ix.?new series. union c. ii., south car(^w^i,'^une 14, 1*878. number 21. ,_ ^ , * ' ** ' * THE BAYONET ERA IN THE 80UTH CAROLINA STATE-HOUSE. ^ Some Interesting Telegrams and Testimony . ichich have just come to Light in the Caurse of a Congressional Debate. ^ In the course of his speech on the Army j bill delivered in the House or Reprcscnta- a tives a few days ago, tho Hon. Miltou I. Southard, of Ohio, iutroduccd somo very t( interesting telegrams and testimony relating u to the dark days of 1877 tu Columbia.? j, "NVe copy this portion of his remarks froth s, tho official report in the Congressional Rcc- a ord: v On the 14ih of October, 1876, this tele- j gram was scut by Gen. Sherman to Gcu. ^ ltuger, who had previously been trausferrod 01 asSMai!i Washington, October 14,187G. j j,. To Gen. linger, Columbia S. C.: We arc all back from California. If you 0| want anything, say so I wuut all mens- C( urcs to originate with you. Get along with pc the imuuuum lorec necessary, but you shall ai have all we cau give if you uced them. W. T. SliEUMAN, Gcucral. Ou the 16th of October Geu. ltugcr au- q swered that telegram, as follows : Columbia, S. C., October 1G,'1S76. To Gen. W. T. Sherman Washinyton I). C.: t| Think 1 have troops sufficient unless cir- jj cumstanccs chango. Have nineteen com- vj pauies in the State now, Stations of Owtf to e, four companies. Have some companies still g iu reserve. No special disorder has occut red since Ellcnton riot last month. If 1 need more troops will ask for them. I shall be Ul here to-day. Ruger. Notwithstanding that telegram from Geu. jj lluger, in which he said that all was peaceful and tjuict there, and that if he needed more troops ho would call for them, and without further information, the very next ^ morning a proclamation was issued by y President Grant, from Washington City, declaring South Carolina in insurrection,and there followed uuincroua telegrams from the tc general of the army, ordering all tho troops pe from the Atlantic coast, from tho oxtrcme rc North to as far south n$ Fortress Monroe, into the State of South Carolina. Here is a specimen, of tho telegrams sent: tu Headquarters of wiie Army. ) j> Washington, October 17, 187G. j m To Gen. IT. S. J/ancock, Commanding |u Military Division Atlantic, New York \\ the maximum possible, and wo may w, '??* have to order every available mnu from the q North Atlantic posts. tc Acknowledge receipt. j,j W. T. Sherman, General. In obedience to these orders from Washing- m a _n :i..lu v - 4 :..4? i. IUU, UU ii V il 1 lit LMU 1U1 UL'S TV CI U 3CUL UllU OUUUl ^y( Carolina and other Southern States under pretouca of preserving order, but with the co purposo and effect of carrying tho election. Actual military possession was taken of ?jr those States, aud the elections wero controlled in violation of the Constitution of your country, in violation of law, and in t|, violation of every priuciple of justice aud tfl right. II Not only that, it did not stop there; mil- tj, itary possession of those States was contin- ot ucd until long after tho electious. The ^ Legislature of South Carolina was organ- a ized, not by the mombers who were elected ns to it, bu, by the Administration here iu m Washington through the use of Federal tjj troops. I hold here in my hands the ofli- tj cial telegrams relating to that organization. There was a dispute about certain members from Edgefield and Laurens who held the j,j certificate of the Supreme Court; they wero j*r to be ejected Governor Chamberlain seut this telegram to Washington City : Columbia, S. C., December 1, 1876. Jlon. J. D. Cameron, Secretary of War, b( Washhvjton: of Cannot Edgefield and Laurens men be in removed ? They are now acting as members, and have no credentials. If they arc ' removed the House can act and order be h< restored. Cannot wo be protected against unlawful instrusion, whon wo have no pow- y( or to enforce the exclusion ? cj D. II. Chamberlain, Governor. Then followed a telegram from the at- L torncy-genoral to Governor Chamberlain, ce and also one to Gen. lluger from tho secre- rc tary of war. Here tncy arc : tli Washington, December 2, 1876. sli Governor ?). II. Chamberlain, Columbia, tli *v. a. th The President think* that you should ex- fo orciso your own resources as Governor in lo behalf of the Legislature which you have u< recognized by assisting it to purge itself of tl unauthorized persons. ol If you are resisted in this Gen. ltuger if has boon instructed to enforce your author- ui ity. Alpiiosno Tavt, it Attorney-General. c< Wail JJju/aujmf.mt. 1 h WASiiiNfvroN,^^C.7D^mh?t^jjl8ldvj^ <4 To Gen. T. //. Rwjcr, CoIu*MT<3. G.: ' f ognizod fSii If he is w resisted in this it wilt become your duty to d * jtoforco his authority. C v > J. D. Camkiiov, ai 4 Secretary of War. S F Subsequently the following telegrams p Were sjnt in relation to the same subject: ii Executive Mansion, ) i Vasiiinoton City, Decembers 1876. J i Hen. T. If Rwjcr Columbia S. C.: < Fearing your instructions may be con- < icting and leave you in doubt as to your I utics in the present unhappy conditon of i flairs in South Carolina, I wish to say this: 1 iovcrnor Chamberlain is the legal coustitu- i 3d Governor of the State, and remains so 1 ntil the Legislature canvasses the vote and s istalls his successor; and ho is entitled as uch to your support and protection. It is 1 civil duty to organizo the Legislature, dcolviug on State authorities. All you cuu t o is to prevent unauthorized pcrsous from ( jrcibly interfering with the Governor and j lilitary, but it will be entirely right to sustin the Governor, or any of his agents or t [ficeCS, lh the performance of auy duty iu s jnucctioii with the Legislature, if inter- r :rcd with by outsiders whilcin the perform- 1 uco of that duty. c U. S. Grant. c Columbia, S. C., December 5, 187G. o Hon. J. D. Cameron, Secretary of t Jlrar, Washington, D. C. : t General llugjr announces this morning lat lie will uo longer guard doors of State t louse. The city is filled with armed and j iolcnt men. There is greater need than o .'er before of protection of State House.? f peeific orders must be sent respecting this alter at once, in order to avert riot and c loodshed. Vacillation here now is most s utortuuate. t Please answer. All I ask is that State t [ou.se be protected againt violence. d D. II. Chamberlain, v Governor of South Carolina. n War Department, ) jasiiinuton City, December 5,187G. j I 'o Govcmcr 1). II Chamberlain, Colum- t bia S. C.: w General lluger's instructions arc to proet the Legislature from all outside iuter- ? rcuce. and those instructions will hn t pcatoJ. J. D. Cameron, * f Secretary of War. u I hold in uiy haud iho official testimony I ken in rclaliou to use of troops at tho a residential election, before a special com- f ittce of the last Congress, of which the c inorable gentleman from New York (Mr. ti rood) was chairman and I was a member, g lie publication of this testimony could not a ! obtained at tlic time, but I.have it as it t< as written. In it 1 find the testimony of s en. llugcr in plain nud uuuiistakablc t rms that lie construed these telegrams to s 111 to mean that the Laurens aud Edge- f :ld members and the other conservative t embers of the South Carolina Legislature y ore the "unauthorized persons." And he b tcrprctcd tlieso telegrams aright, for they k iuld have no other significance, aud accord- n gly he took steps to cuforco these orders, t he telegrams and the testimony of Gen. y ugcr I will insert in my remarks. o (jlen. llugcr sent word by his orderly to y e Legislature of South Carolina, after the h to houses convened in tho hall of the Statu b ouso, telling the Conservative members t at they must not be there at 12 o'clock o i the next day. In obedience to that or>r tlicy withdrew, and having withdrawn, I committee waited upon Gen. ltuger, and v ked him if these members would be per- I itted to return the next day, aud lie told t icui that tlicy must not iro back, llere is r 10 testimony of (Jen. lluger : Question. Did you give Governor Cham- t rlain any assurance that you would aid c s force in excluding anybody at that tirno j om the hall of the liousc ? 1 mean while ic two Houses were in session together. t Answer. I had some orders in rcfercuce that subject, but 1 gave Governor Chain- } irlain no such assurance, prior to receipt u ' such orders, that T would aid iu exclud- a g any members. Q. What orders did you have ? t A. I think you have the telegrams ire. t Q. At a still later period than that did r >u make somo order in reference to the :e)usion of cortain persons from the house? A. A committee of the Conservative ] cgislaturo called upon me and submitted i irtain propositions in writing; J do not i icolloct now exactly the words, or perhaps \ ic substance, but they asked that they [ muld he permitted to occupy the hall as f ic legally constituted Legislature. I told ( leui that if their body wcut to the hall ( r the purpose of entering there as the t wcr House of the Legislature they would \ >t be permitted to enter, that is, that if i icy were refused admission by the civil j ficers or the civil guards at tho door, and y tho doorkeeper should call upon the t ilitary officers there to prevent their fore- j dc entrance or assist in doing so, tho offi- , ms would provcut it. That w: s after they t ad gone out in the first place and when ( back, but (hey did not ( Q. WJMH authority did you have or for did Villi make that or ler'! ^nSpQ^r^asoo for it was the instructions i hieh I hud and my understanding of my I uty under the circumstances. Govornor i ihambcrlnin called upon me before that for 1 distance in enforcing the a aihovity of the I poakcr, 1 think. Ho made a verbal ap- i Mention, and afterward made an application ; a writing the snmc day. That was, I | think, ou tho 30th ofiJJovember. I had ioclioed, and had reported the state of the :ase to Gen. Sherman^, and th?^ dispatch which I received in rMfcfcij^dhlft'whs .that ho (the Governor) stJwrahexercise jlis own resources to purge ttfw Legflktnre <he had ; recognized of unauthorised persons, and ii case ho was resisted that I-elumju'-assist i think those wero tha^flNMPwtubQ That was in referetyiihjto'Jtyttooin- 1 jcra froui Laurens and&?d<2eticld jD^uoties ? A. I presume so. I bad aWi 1>cforc 1 hat applicatiou by the committerof. the 1 Conservative House, received a dispatch to jrevent uulawfuMi^erference with the Legvas tuo lawful* Legislature ? A. I considered that the other,' he one called the Conservative Mcute.1l ;hould be classed as outsitfcra. I dm not P issumc auythiug as to tbo Jfgal status, but U L considered it within toe intont of mj fl ?rd?>rs that 1 should suppo^-^m^uthorfty-j| Q. I thjnk you did rpuite I hrough your statement as to,youft answer 1 o^the committee that waited uppn youi i A. The substance of it'rw?8? that if 1 hey appeared there, as proposed^' Tor the 1 llimnsn of* nonnnvinr* tY%,% nf fKn H<M>ca I -- i I'J m"o ? ? "vu,~ f Representatives, and if they were re- 1 used admission by the persouis^fethe door ?the State constables or pei'^lk having hargc as doorkeepers?aud -*U(flr pcrsous hould call on tho officers fb command of he troops at tho State House for assistance o prevcut their entrauoo^it would bo his luty under his orders to give it. If they /ere grauted admission, of course I should lot have prevented their entry. '? Iu respouse to a question whether Gen. tuger had not sent his orderly to exclude he Conservative members when both parties /ere in the hall, ho said : A. I did at cue time sciM word to ipeakcr Wallace by Muj. Magiunw that at wclve o'clock the next day the members rom Laurens and Edgefield should or must ot be there. My impression was that the jcgisluturo would adjourn that eveuing, ud that when they came back at twelve he next day these members shpuld not omc. liut that had nothing to do with he application by the Governor. Several cntlameu had been to sec uiovbefore thac, ud had asked whether I should giva. ordejs o exclude tho members who liad' ooitiaoates : 1 1 A 1 a ? o Cl. _ a . A . guou uy iiiu scoroiary ui "jiaie or prevent " licir entering the hall. I said that I '< hould uot. They asked if I would say i hat the members who had certificates from 1 he Supremo Court might go in ; I said I rould ujt consent. That would have nought up a new subject, and I did uot < now what it might call forth; also I did i iot regard it within my authority. I was ( old by these gcutlemcu that the members i tho had the certificate from the secretary i f State would probably go to the hall, and ( then I heard that the Conservative House | iad gone up and taken possession of the ] all, I thought that I had not been fairly | reated. I suppose that Mr. Wallace knew i f this conversation. i Q. While the two bodies were in the i louse togothcr, and while the two Speakers ( tore on tho stand, was word sent by you to ?lr. Wallaco, the Speaker, that at 12 o'clock ho next diy tho Laurens and Edgefield ncmbors must not be there ? A. 1 do not remember that I said that hey must not be there; I think I said silher must or should not, but which exircssion I used I do not remember. , Question. Do you kuow whether'that ncssngc was repeated the secoud time '! Answer. I think not. I told Maj. ililLMIinis to SflV to Mr. Wnllnno tluit tlinen o J " *"""vw "" nembcrs should not or must not bo there t the time of meeting next day. Q. Were they in the House at that inio ? A. Yes, sir; so I understood at Qio imc. 1 gave the message to Maj. Maginkis. Kidnf.y Woum in Hogs.?"F. II. N.," lowsburg, Ohio. When a pig is paralyzed n the hindquarters, it is not always the efect of worms in the kidneys or in the loins; vorms are very rarely found iu the kidneys, >ut more frequently infest the muscles and atty tissues of the loins. Iu the majority >f cases, however, the pariUvsis is caused >y a disease of the covering? mcinbrauc of lie spinal mafcrow, and consequent clVnsion vliich interferes with the opoftition of the icrves of tli^ locomotive aud llgestivc apparatus. The remedy is a coufyer irritant, 'UVII IW bill |n>!iviuu V't UlUOtillll 'il|l|PIIUU iu , ho loins, and .1 diuretic which rolioves thd trcssuro of tlie effused scrum. 'One ounce )f turpentine may bo given in two oitnees if linseed oil every second day* %r one dram >f saltpeter may be given every day. The urpcntinc will b) useful in ease worms diould be the cause of the trouble." ' There are few who can receive the bonus of a college, but all are graduates of .lie hoartli. The learning of the univeAity may fade from the recollection, its classic lore may moulder in the hall of memory, but the lessons of homo enamelled upon the heart of childhood, defy the rus^, of years, and outlive the maturer hut less vivid picture of after years. THOUGHTS FOB THE MONTH. , June is a very busy iuapt{i on the farm. < Keeping the earjh in good tilth, find uiak- J ing war upon grass and weeds, will give the i farmer abundant occupation. -Let him j study well the- best implements for these purposes. Killing grass and weeds just as they are coming up, or just as they have eotne up,will ouablo him to use implements like the sweep or tho harrow or the cultiva- ' tor, which will cuablc him to go over ground rapidly ; but if they are allowed to make ^ much growth, it will necessitate tho using ' of ploughs, like the shovol or the twister, * which requires much more time to pass s ovet the same area. Our cultivated plants KSmgthem against other plants Aud in- J teasing their supply of food. They can- j >t compete with grass aud weeds. The j Bousrh and tha hoe. thnrefrtra. must, hp L-pnt. r jfcustautly at jwork. Previous workings s ghb to have mud? the?laad.0pft and mel v consideratifcgj^pth. If no ncihiug 11 bo needed wTbot surface stirring.? Ks ihmild be oft-repcatcc!^ to encourage mtinuotts growth. Especially is this important with the cotton crop during this cnOnth, thai it may make weed enough to comuioncc fruitiDg early the next. The aarly ojop of bolls is by far the surest, and }Very jjport should be put forth to make it is large as possible. If harvest makes heavy demands upon your hands, endeavor to retaiu at least cuough to keep the ploughs moving. The second hoeing will be givcu cotton this mouth. Jyfl flhaflUj h" tliorougn, and every sprig of May grass be carefully eradicated. All old farmers know that this is the only grass that gives much trouble. If not already done, cotton should be brought to a final staud as quickly as oossiblc. What a stand should be. vro do c aot v?nture to indicate, because it seems to c rary with the character of the soil, with its l preparation aud manuring. Hut we are I itrougly iucliucd to believe that, as a gene- L ral rule, cotton is loft too thick. t LAYING HY CORN. g The last working should be very thor- f xugh. Nothing should be left to compete c ivith the corn l'or the food in the soil.? s Whatever corn is going to do, it must now lo quickly. It will soon tassel aud silk, md the development of the car must follow s apjdly. Give it therefore ovey opportu- t ally ; mako Wic surFaco mellow, tliat air and c aioisture may penetrate; plough shallow, so 8 xs not to injure the roots. The plant must t feed rapidly, and will need every mouth it ? has. t PEAS. 1 If peas have not been planted at previous f1 workings, plant now, either drilliug in the middles, or sowing boadcast, at the rate of 1 one bushel per acre. The first plan will 1 make more peas; the second will benefit c the laud most. l)on't rely upon peas plant- ? ed in corn for this valuable crop, but plant largely to themselves. ;Lay off rows three 1 feet apart, drop in hills 18 inches apart, 8 c to 12 seed in the hill. If the seasons per- 0 init, all the stubble land should be thus c nkintcd. We reneat what we haTe often * said before, that this is one of the most ? cheaply raised crops wo have, and none ' more valuable for grain or forage. If the crop fails to mature before frost, the vines cau be cut for hay; if not ucedcd for that, they may be left on the land, and will fur- i nish au abundant supply of nitrogen for } the next year's crop. j HARVEST. Let nothing interfere with saving the i grain which has been made. It would be } very foolish to let the wheat and oat crop i waste, in order to cultivate a cotton crop, c which may hereafter entirely fail. As the \ weather can never be counted on, shock up < exactly as you would do if certain that a ( rainy spell would begin next day. Put up I in small shocks, and in four or live days of i good weather, it may be housed or stacked. I It is poor policy to leave grain long in the 1 field after it is cut. Oats may be saved by c cutting down with a scythe or a mower, and c curing it like hay. When thus managed, a it should be cut when the grain is well in \ dough. Thus cut, it makes most excellent i feed. In stacking oats make a platform 8 c or 10 inches above ground, (two large logs 1 with smaller ones laid accross will answer,) I on which to build the stack. The object is s two-fold, to keep the qpts dry, and to givo *t the cats an opportunity of getting at the t ruts. It is best to have large stacks, that a t small extent of surface in comparison with s the amount of straw and grain, may bo ex- t posed. Carry the sides up perpenoicu'larly f ibr say half ?he height of the stack, and i then "draw in" very gradully to the top and cap well. Most damaged stacks result from ' drawing in" too rapidly, or from imperfect } capping. Thresh wheat as soon as possible. 1 Sun the grain well. Grind up a year's ! supply, and sun the flour thoroughly, and 1 then put in sucks, and .-dure away in a dry 1 place. It will lie just as sweet and good a 1 year hence as the day it was ground. If it ' is preferred to keop * the grain, dry thoroughly and store away in a dry. cool collar. SWEET POTATOES. , Continue to put out slips as fast as they ( are ready. Never wait for rain. Grout I thetn in a tnnsh of clay and cow duug, put ' them in a hole, partly fill the latter with ( ' I4-' > V dirt, then add a gill of water, and afterwards till up with dry earth. If doa^hto iu the afternoon, few will die, but bo sure to draw dry dirt to theui after the water is ipplied. CLOVER. Sow plaster on the recently uiown clover ?one bushel per acre will suffice. Let tho tecond crop of old clover, which is about o dio out, mature a crop of seed. This vill so fill the land with clover seed, that a ?ood stand may be secured for years aftervard, without the nddition of any more iced.?Southern Cultivator. .?. A FARMER'S SAVOY STEW. liiuaul iimhI "T n" tun ww iiuto iwsroeu somainiug froui tbe French about cheap living. Perhaps our )ot-pic cauio from them, because they nro iuuous for their rich, wholesome stews.? fake a joint of any kind of fresh meat, iouic like beef, others like veal, 1 like inuton, because my father kept long wool or uuttou sheep. Iu the city you can get ;uch a joint for n dime, und in the country t ought not to cost more. In all cases put lie meat iu cold water, add enough water o cover it, and boil until it is tender, for >cef aud mutton say two hours, for veal ay one hour. Add salt nud pepper.? Vbout half an hour before serving, put inix potatoes, pared aud quartered, and let lieui but! with the uicut. In the meantime irepare the dumplings by taking one quart ?f flour, u teaspoonful of butter, and two easpoonfuls of sifted baking powder, wet vith uiilk enough to make a stiff^baUer.^Bo ore scrviug drop tho batter into tho stew, i spoonful at a time, uutil all is in, auci hen cover tightly and boil tcu minutes.? f the meat is not sufficiently fat, add butor, but uot otherwise; it is generally rich ;uough without butter. The batter thick.ins the gravy as well as makes the dumping. Serve, of course, on a large platter, lore you Lave meat uud the juice of tho neat, bono aud the juico of tho bone, potaoes and flour, all healthy and nourishing, ;ood for brain, muscle aud bone. Enough or a largo family does not cost twenty-five cnts; all like it; aud we at hcuio have this tew at least twice a week." . ... Balky IIousks.?Tto?ferain of a horso corns to entertain but one thought at a iuic; for this rcasou continued whipping is ufor the question, and only confirms his tubborn resolve. But if you can by any ncaus change the direction of his mind, ;ivc him a new subject to tbink of, nine imes out of tcu you will have no further rouble in starting him. As simple a trick is a little pepper, aloes, or the like, thrown >ack ou bis tongue, will ofteu succeed, by urniug his attcution to the taste in his uouth. A simple remedy is to take a :oupIe of turns of common wrapping-twine, uch as grocers use, around the fore-leg just iclow the knee, tight enough for the horso o feel, and tic in a bow knot. At the first iluck be will generally go danciug off, and ifter going a short distauce, you can get >ut, remove the string to provent injury to he tendon in your further drive ; or tie a striug tightly arouud his ear, which will lerve to divert his miud to forget his stubjorness.?London Garden. - Tiie Chinese Wall.?Mr. Uuthank, iu American cngiuccr, has been engaged atcly making a survey for a Chinese railway, during which he took measurements* u many places of the great wall of China, lie gives the height at 18 feet, and the width on top 15. Every few hundred rards there is a tower 2-1 feet square and Vom 20 to 45 feet high. The foundation >f this immense wall is solid granite. The vail goes for 13,000 miles over mountains, ihasms, and valleys. It was built to keep >ut the Tartars. Mr. Unthank brought )uck with him a brick from this wall, which s supposed to have been made 200 years icforc Christ. In some places this wall is juilt smooth up against the canyons or prelipices, where there is a sheer descent of me thousand feet. Small streams are irehed over, hut in the larger streams the vail is built to the water's edge and a tower s built on each side. To calculate the time >f building or cost of this wall is bpyond luuian skill On the top of tho wall arc ireastworks or defences, facing in aud out,, o that the defending force can pass from one ower to the other without being exposed o any enemy from cither sido. So far as he magnitude of the wall is eouccrncd, it lurpasscs everything in ancient or modern iuies, of which there is any trace. It is :aid that the Pyramids of Egypt arc nothng com par d to it. Lick on IIous.?the hogs shrinked with air slaked lime ; soon iu the inorung and after rains the hest time, if this is ittended to closely, they will not be bothered with lice, and the remedy seems to be good or them in other ways?said to be a pre reuuvG 01 enoieni aim mange.-*? /<ai?uu, [Uensi, Miss., April 22.1878. "Captain, wo are entirely out of ammujition, said an orderly sergeant to his compandor on a Gold day. "What! entirely )ut of ammunition'?" exclaimed the caplain. "Yes entirely ont," was the reply. + 'Then cease firing, peremptorily said th? japtnin. /