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THE WEEKLYjkjOI TIMES. )BE WATTA AROV 1lm...i? ? 1 * ? UKlflll Vltw TUNITT FOB SOUTH CABOLINA. Tho State of South Carolina is at tbie-' present time in a deplorably a noma lone Mh> ditiou. We arc miserably poor, and irrecoverably in debt, unless something can bo doue in the near future to develop our material resources. Our legislative fathers have hibernated at the Capitol, and meantime swung another millstone nround tho necks of tho farmers by the passage of a Second lien law. The probability is, much of the spring may be consumed iu attempting to prove to the people that it is more kopugnunt to morality to rcpudiato a disL honest debt than it is to pay an honest one that had been, but never should have been, Bhr"~^**pWRated_.^ Time rolls on, tho delt inr*' creases, onr net income is a myth, and today more than ten per cent, of the cash market value of all tho realty of the State is obligated by reason of our past misfortunes. Thore are times in tho history of cvgpy country when k debt is really a blessing; but it is only when that country is in s'conditiou of growiug and increasing profl>erity. If South Carolina owes 810,00U,000 and is not producing more than that amount an^ nual'y, iu net capital, her debt increases annually, and she becomes poorer and lass able to meet her obligations. Is not this our condition to day ? But, if pith that debt uf?fi her shoulders, she rfiuXiM'produce annually double that amount and thereby enhance the market value of her productive resources she would be annually richer and the better able to pay the interest upon her debt. If this wcro her condition now, her lands would bo increasing in value, her multifarious resources would be developed, and as she would be gradually growiug richer there would be no haste iu paying off, or concern ns to how she would ultimately liquidate her debt. From this standpoint the questions naturally arise, "cau South Carolina return to prosperity, oppressed ns she is, without assistance from abroad? Arc her present population capable of developing her resources to such an exteut ns to cnublc her to survive her debt, and become again the community of happy homes sho once was ?" Wo do not believe she can. Nor do wo consider the vital point at issue, the presence or absence o** cash capital. Were there millions of pnper or metallic currency brought to-day into tho State, it would be a curse rather than a blessing. We are un 1 agricultural people, and must continue so to ho fnr manv vnira Tho nroMiim. of oonn. uiulutcd bank capital would not benefit us a whit. We have never seen a farmer in nil our experience benefited as such by the uso of borrowed funds from basks. Neither do we believe that the panacea for our ills is to come from the influx of moneyed men with'their "pockets full of rocks."? These men would simply givo employment to eurpkrt labor in localities, and it would be years before the good effects would become general. Tho building of factories in Greenville does not enhance the price of real cstato in Abbeville. Nor will a factory in Sumter make Williamsburg more prosperous, any more than Grauiteville has thrown sunshine upon the African darkness of Beaufort's jungles. All these investments arc to be cncour-* aged, for they improve localities and in the aggregate increase the value oar ftixablh T?.i aI 1 - ? I property. i?ut mcy ao noi now, nna never will, until we are converted into n manufacturing people, indicate a general State prosperity. And wo arc tired of waiting for prosperity to come through these channels. Wo believe it can be brought about in a much more speedy way, aud feel assured that had the two last Legislatures directed their work to this end, we would now bo so rapidly increasing in State wealth that we would be better able in five years to liquidate the entire debt of lladical rascality than we will ever be by spending weeks and months discussing whether one or the ether of two policies is the honest ouc. , 1 One sort of recuperation is by Immigration; not that sort of spasmodic, individual effort that has been so frequently made since the war, where one or two men with limited means would attempt to procure a few laborers for whom so little was paid, or indeed would bo paid, that nothing but the scum of the nurlieus of our nnrl fnroirrn oitina - g ? T? *"0** V,W,V" could bo obtained. But wo mean such Immigration as is or should be fostered by State legislation. For instance, tho exemption by Stato enactment for a term of years from taxation of all tho improvements erected by immigrants, would bo one of the steps in tho right diroction, or eucourngemeiit to colonies by oxtending State aid, as has been frequently dono to railroads and other corporators. Such assistance has nevor been proffered by tho State. Indeed wo have navor so much as published an official circular showing to the world that we were either willing or anxious for our innumerable resources to bo developed. We havo most successfully in tho past kept our light hid under a bushel. If we do not soon make a "new depart M >? i e 1 mo, wc iiisjr uovur iwpu mr prHuncai, real rehabilitation of our State, but may antioi-) pate the contrary. The existence of the negro element among us is of no possible prnotical benefit unloss it can bo utilised by superior raoe. That it is not so utilised, antl never will bo by the existing populaunless aidc^ by forces froui{ without, cannot now be doubted by any reasonable man. And that these outside influences will not come unless organised, in addition to personal or individual, efforts be made, is to our minds palpably evident. What, then, in addition to what has been urged, is expected of the State ? We have nothing to suggest, at present, for time and again we have presumed to recommend what appeared to us practical, feasible ideas, which have been utterly igrored. and we now appeal to the aggregated individual real estate owners of the State, and trust that they will | make an effort to organize in some way to give aid and assistance to the effort that is now, or soon will be made, to. induce immigration, and that, too, just such immigration as we need into South Carolina. We will simply state a few facts that have recently occurred. Shortly after our arrival in Washington, after the 10th of Januarv.at the clniio of tho Congressional recess, we were approached by a foreigner, whose name is Smolinski, a Pole, who, since 1838 or '40, when ho was banished from his native land, has to this day lived in the United States. He announced himself as the president of an association of foreigners in Washington and other Northern cities, who for three years had been attempting to organize a successful colony to cultivate the vine in some Southern State. He bad secured a Congressional friend, who had introduced a bill to assist them. We huutcd up the bill, and found it one of that class jthat sonw> uvam, think arc legitimate, but with which we could have uo possible sympathy, aimply because it culled upon Congress to contribute from the national treasury to appropriate money for colonization purposes. This was a little too bold a subsidy proposition to secure our support, and we so advised the "General" (Sniolinski). lie then solicited our assistance in securing State aid. To this extent wc agreed to and did send to the Governor, members of the Legislature and other friends in South Carolina, articles he had written upon this subject and copies of the constitution of his organization. We, however, bad no faith in his efforts, and told hiui so, simply because there was an impracticability about uic enure ining mat did not comport with . our views. He then nppcnlcd for advice, and assured us he wculd send scores of families of iu.'tclligcnt workingincn, each of whom had some sparo money, and a fair education,into any Southern State that held out inducements for such immigrants; that he had friends and relatives in France, Italy, Poland, and throughout Southern Europe, who were anxious to immigrate to the Southern States, who were accustomed to growing small grain, raising stock, cultivatiqg the vine, manufacturing wine, pickles, chow chow, and canned fruits, and that these people only wanted an opening or encouragement, and they would come with their families and effects and settle in any Southern State. Wo suggested to this enthusiastic old pioneer the idea of calling his Association together and invite Southern representative men to address them upon the inducements to migrate Southward. IIo accepted our proposition, and we were the first Southerner i : .j i. -ii - ? > iiiviicd u> auurcss iiic assemblage. We accepted the invitation, appeared before the Association, and placed before them the advantages and disadvantages of South Carolina as a home for the industrious, frugal man, whether ho be laborer, cultivator, harvester, husbandman or mechanic. In the course of our remarks we suggested the sclcctiou by the Association of three of its representative men, who should be sent to South Carolina, to travel over the State, see and learn for themselves, and to report to the Association on their return. Mr. Bryan, the Chairman of the Board of Commissioners of the District of Columbia, iwhich is equivalent ?o the Governor of the )istrict,) was present, urged this rccom mendation, in a Forcible speech, promised to givo assistance, and advised the call of nu adjourned meeting n week from that time, at which meeting other Southern men would bo invited to be present, and when a subscription would be started to defray the expenses of the above committeo to South Carolina. That meeting will take place, that committeo will be appointed, and tbey will go to South Carolina on a tour of observation. They will probably appear in South Carolina early in April, at a time whcn,thc whole land appears most beautiful to the visitor. Nothing more than this can be dono at this end of the lino. What will be done in South Carolina to induce this committee to report favorably and probably cncourngo tho migration to that State of a colony of worthy, excellent citixcns before tho Ides of next Ncvember? Are thero not landowners in evorv eonntr in S???? ?!?/* :n ?. ? j .m ??m*v? n hi/ mil PLV this ball in motion at home ? There are manj of them that are land poor. Will they not encourage this movemont by giving to this association portions, if it he alternate seotions of but a few acroa, to encourage immigration to tho State? What will our cities, towns, and villages do? Cannot the municipal authorities at least arrango to have this oomuiittco inspect their counties f'rke of cost? >%'i 11 not tlj^fAncr# Grangers aid in securing^ wclcoi ie to those visitors, and afford them every' fkcility to* f explore the State upd Acquaint '1 hcuiselves with its manifold advantages ? We have i done all that wc can at present d>, and will 1 lenve tho matter iu the hands ol the citisens of the State.?ty, Wyatt Viken, in News and Courier. * I KEEP AN^gCOOUBft. ^ ^ It is a verj good pliu for format to keep c a atrict account of their labor. 1 re know r very well that the majority of peop e dislike to bo faced down by columns of figures, when tho sum total shows a decide* balance c against them; but if accounts ar<ykept, the , result will be that greater oconouiy will be ? piut.tn.Ul h. tho tony^tPi/tHWHtiac^bHortT < will bo made on every hand jo make the r balance favorable. This is the time of the ( year to begin. The first thing! you ought ^ to do is to make an inventory ol everything f you havo. Make it carefully lnd value all c your property. Let it includttjour acres, t houses, utensils, stock, mnchiftry of every ^ deseriptiou, as well as notes wu ?H ether , monetary matters. If there Jre any in- t cuuibrances on your property,-put them down. Then make up your estimate of operations for the coming yea*, and start out ? with tho determination to live up to it.? As tho year progresses sot down all your sales and purchases, of every description ; dou't let a cent of cxpenso or iacomo esoapc. ] Your family expenses should havo a sepa- o rate place in the book, so that they may bo a footed into tho ceneral result at th? elnso of riw J?? ? | t i u nil'ultuwt."?i? A*, slniW1 '( for themselves what it costs to clothe jour- o self, wife and children, and to afford them " auiuseuicnts and general pleasured You \ will find, in keeping your account ot income, that it is a good plan to run ench field scpar- c ate, so that you can, at the close, sec at a J glance what your profit or loss has been on i each. Keep dates of times when fields c were plowed, how they were cultivated, and c what the labor ou each has cost. This will teach the farmer in n short time which crops arc most profitable. In stock, keep a i particular record of each animal, with pedigree, birth and other rcuinrks of intcri&t. Keep, as well, a general diary of events on ] the farui for future reference. c You will fiud plenty of tiuic in which to t attend to these things. Keeping an account will take but a fow minutes each day, y and when you have onec begun, yen will bo f surprised to seo how easily it-iia-b>*?6nc\ c There is one great point to be kept in view t always, and that is, to never run in debt.? c Shun debt as you would the fire. Strive c to live within your means, and you will t have a net result when you balance your t books at the close of the year that will sur- 0 prise and make you glad.?Prairie Far- r mcr. a { Importance of Tiiee planting.?The subject of tree planting has now become a matter of life and death in some parts ol 8 the country. Wherever a country has been (1 stripped bare of its primitive forest clothing F the effects ha\'c been disastrous. Some F parts of this country, once renowned for its | fertility, arc now sterile and unproductive. ^ Timber has also become scarce and dear ? ^ In view of these facts the Massachusetts . Agricultural Society haa offered a series of . prizes for the encouragement of tree planting in that State, the awards tirtoo made J ten years from the first of March next, for . tho best result produced in tho interval.? It is estimated that over 1,000,000 of trees . will be planted in Massachusetts this year. In Connecticut the Legislature has exemp- 1 ted from taxation all plantations of timber . trees to be hereafter planted for a period of 1 ten years, after such trees have grown to an average of six feet in height. Nowhere arc 1 trees more useful than in densely populated cities. They shade the wide streets, cool the atmosphere, exhale ozone, absorb malarious exhalations, and exert a sensible influence on tho heaith of the inhabitants. c '*' ?t Mr. Josiah Quincy, jr., of Massachusetts, gives it ns the result of his experience that g a cow when soiled or stall fed will produce 3J cords of solid dung, and that Jho urine, j when absorbed, will amount to as much i i.i- J?t-i- -i . uiuiu. 1U una uc uuus UOUUIV MIC qUiiniliy ^ of dried peat and finds the entire mass equal in value to tho original dung, and worth | from 85 to 88 a cord. This, he claim?, rcndcrsthc manure of each cow equal in value ^ to the milk. c Some one remarks : "It is not what peo- ' pie eut, but what they digest, that makes " them strong. It is not what they gain, but k what they save, that makes them rich. It 21 is not what they read, but what they re- 1 member, that makes them learned. It is not 21 what they profoss but what they practice, c that makes them righteous." "Young man, what's tho price of this 1 silk ?" asked a deaf old lady. "Seven 1 shillings," was the reply. "SeT?irtey> shil- t lings," exclaimed she, "I'll give you tbir- a teen." "Seven shillings, ma'am, is the t prioe of the silk," replied the honoat shop- 1 men. "Oh, aevon thtfiinga," rejoined the lady, aharply, "I'll {rite you five," 4 If you don't want to bo robbed of your a good name, do not have it painted on your { umbrella. LAWS or GENERAL XMTE&fCT-Tlio following arc copies, verified by carenl comparison, of Acts passed and approved ,t the session of tho General Assembly just dosed. BlIiLTto protect the Crops of Planters ] and Farmers in the hands of Merchants j and'Factors from Attachment and Levy for Dobts duo by said Merchants and Factor*. " tU it enacted by the Senate and House 1 if. Representatives of the State of South 1 ^rtoflna, now met and sitting in General Ascmbly, nnd by the authority of the same : 1 That after the passage of this act all | irops and produce of any planter or farmer rhieh may, by consignment or otherwiso, 1 "mi'utn f>(*?iiC^0P "fa*!nnti>r nf " > ?*- J ihaTit or racier shnll neVexempt from attach nent and levy at the suit of any creditor or ireditors of the said merchant or factor; prodded, however, that, should said merchant 1 ?r factor have made any advances of money 1 tr provisions, or both, to said planter or Turner, said crop or produco may be sold in ' he regular manner, and out of the same so ' nuch shall be taken as will pay said advan- ' ;cs, together with interest thereon. . ' Approved Februay 14, 1878. ? 1 V. Hill to amend Section 330 of the Code of Procedure, iu relation to the < Costs of Plaintiffs. < lie it enacted by the Sanatc and House of ? leprcscntatives of the State of South Car- i ilina, now met and sitting in General As- 1 enibly, and by the authority of the same : i .Mtfb&t Bllbd-4-vf JcuHon 330 of the i 5&de of Procedure be amended by striking I iut all tho words down to and including ' 'dollars" in the sccoud line of said subdi- > ision and inserting the following : "4. In an action for the recovery of mon- 1 y where the plaintiff shall recover twenty < lollars : Provided, That in no case shall 1 he plaintiff be allowed costs to an amount Abuvuiiiy nit amount. ui ms verdict or rc- 1 lovcry." ' Approved March 4, 1878. V Birr, to regulate the Sale of Guano and other Fertilizers Beit enacted by the Senate and House of leprescntatives of the State of South Cariliu, now met and sitting in General Asscm>ly, and by the authority of the same : Section 1. That all persons engaged in i.nnufacturing in this State guano or other crtilizc.r, or iu selling in this State guano or ithAr fertilizer manufactured Iff* another State, shall attach to each sack, barrel or ther articles containing the same, a tag, iithcr written or printed, containing the mine or names of the person or persons, or he name of the company, with the names >f its individual members, so manufactuiug or selling such guano or other fertilizer, nd a true analysis of such guauo or other crtilizcr. Snc, 2. That if any person or persons hall offer for sale in this State any guano ; >r other fertilizer iu respect to which the irovisions of this act have not been comilied with, or of which the analysis attached 1 s ascertained to be false in a material paricular, such person or persons shall be guil-1 y of a misdemeanor and shall be punished I >y a fine of not less than five hundred dol-1 ars, nor more than five thousand dollars, or >y imprisonment in the State Penitentiary, it hard labor, lor the period of not less ,han one year, nor more than fivo years, or >oth, at the discretion of the court. Sec. 3. This act shall not apply to landholders or farmers selling or furnishing ferilizcrs to their tcuants or employees. Sec. 4. This this act shall take effect mmediatcly after its passage. Approved March 4, 1878. V Bill to amend Chapter CVII, Titlo I, Part III, of the General Statutes, relating to Attorneys, Solicitors and Counsellors. Be it enacted by the Senate and House >f Representatives of tho State of South Carolina, now met and sitting in General Vsseuibly, and by the authority of the 1 amc : Section I. That Chapter CVII, Title , Part T, of the General Statutes, relating ( o attorneys, solicitors and counsellors, be mended as followws ; '1 Strike out Section 2 and insert the folowing, to be known as Section 2: "Any nale citizen of the ago of twenty-ono years, taving read law in tho offico of any practi:ing attorney of good standing in the State or the period of two years, or graduated at my recognized law school in the United States, and shall produce tho certificate of i practicing attorney of good standing in his State that ho is a person of good moril character, shall, on examination in open :ourt, by three members of the bar, appoined by the Supremo Court for that purpose, vho shall certify that ho possesses the reqlisite learning and ability, be admitted, if he examination be satisfactory to the Court, o praotice in all of tbo courts of this State is an attorney, solicitor and counsellor, upon i aking the oath prescribed by tho Constiution." | Sec. 2. Strike out Section 4 and insert he following, to be known as Section 4: 'That no license to prnctice as an attorney, lolicitor or counsellor shall hereafter be ;ranted except by the Supremo Court." Approved March 12, 1878. An Act to declare the.Low respecting the' powers and duties of Circuit Judges of this State, without tho limits of the Cir" cuits in whieh they reside. Whereas, some doubts have arisen res- . pccting the powers and duties of circuit judges without '.he limits of the circuits in" which they reside. Section 1. lie it enacted by tho Senate itid House of Representatives of the State of South Carolina, now met and sitting inGeneral Assembly, and by the authority of the same : That every j rdgc while holding the circuit court for any circuit pursuant to the provisions of the law of this State, shall be iuvestcd with powers equal to those of the judge of such circuit, acd may hear nntf rloiArttftMa nlf ?"> I? ??1 c??* all orders in open court or at chamber* which it is competent for the judge residing in such circuit to hear, determine or grant, any law, usage or custoui to the coutrary noth withstanding. Sec. 2. That every circuit judge in this State shall at all times have jurisdiction to discharge and perform nil the duties of his office within the circuit wherein he resides, sxcept the holdiug of circuit courts therein when some other circuit judgc'shull bo engaged in holding said courts. Sec. 3. That no c,?ira term of any circuit court shall bo ordered except by the circuit judge at ^hc timo holding the cir- ' " cuit court of the county for which the extra term may bo ordered, and such cxtrir term shall be held only by the judge ordering the same ^ Provided,. ?*tnc Khali ^ not interfere with the power now lodged in the chief justice in the premises; and, provided further, that no cause shall he tried ?t any extra term of any circuit court, unless the said cause shall have been previously docketed upon some of the calendars* ot the last precediug regular term of such court. Sec. 4. That all acts and parts"of acts inconsistent with this act be, audglhc same aro hereby, repealed. Approved March 1, 1878. An Act Regulating the mode of conductiinc Capital Executions. Section 1. fie it et,acted by the Senator and House of Representatives of the Stato of South Carolina, now met and sitting in General Assembly, and by the authority of the same : That from and after 'he passage of this act, when the punishment of death is inflicted upon any person, pursuant to the sentence of any court, the execution shall take place within the jail or the enclosureof the jail of the couuty wherein such execution shall he made, if die same eau there take place in such manner. Sec. 2. That no one shall he allowed'to be present at such execution except tho sheriff" of the county or his deputy and his assistants, the clergy, the State solicitor, the uwiuu) ur unurneys wno ucienilcd the convict, the family of the convict, and not more than ten discreet persons to be named by the sheriff; which said ten persons shall be summoned by the sheriff and be required, to be present. Approved March 1. 1878. An Act to amend an Act entitled "An act to enforce the Payment of the Poll Tux." Section 1. lie if enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives ot the State of South Carolina, now met and sitting in General Assembly, and by the authority of the same : That Section 1 of an act entitled "An Act to enforce tho payment of the poll tax," which became a law on the 2lsfc of February, 1873, be, and the Rauie is hereby, amended by inserting after the words "double the amount of their poll tax," the words "and all coats and expenses occasioned by such refusnl or neglect j" and by striking out tho words "three days," in said section, and inserting in lieu thereof the words "ten days." Sec. 2. That Section 2 of said Act be,, and tho same is hereby, amended by inserting tfter the words "double tax," as often us they occur, the words "and all costs and expenses, as aforesaid." Approved March 1, 1878. Eternity.?Eternity has no gray hairs. The flowers fade, the heart withers, man grows old and dies, thp world lies down in the sepulchre of ages, but times writes no. wrinkhs on cternitv. Eternity ! Stupcn,tr>.w ? mm." ...VUg... . ami; c?cr-present, UDDOrD^. undccnying and undying, (he endless chain, composing the life of God, the golden thread, entwining the destinies of the universe.? Earth has its beauties, but time enshrouds them for the grave ; its honors arc but the sunshine of an hour; its places are but gilded sepulchres ; its pleasures, they are but as the bursting bubbles Not so in tho untried bourne. In the dwelling of tho Almighty can come no footstep of decay. Its. way will know no darkening, eternal splendor forbids the approach of night. Mamma, where do tho cow get the milk? asked Willie, looking up from the foaming pan oi millc which he had been intently regarding. Where do you get your tears ? was the answer. After a thoughtful silenco he again broke out: Mamma, do the cows hare to be spanked ? -w If your landlady's daughter is pretty, you uiay say, "Plcaso pass mo that, honey,"