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LECTORA L COLLEGES. CARRYING OUT THE WILL OF THE PEOPLE. Foraslity of 0 atkus the Kicctoral Votes for PrbdeatIall Candates Gone Thrugh With in All the States. WA SHINGTON, Jan. 9.-Presidential electors met today in all the States and discharged their duty as required by law. without special incident, so far as heard from. Washiagton cast 4 votes for Harrison; Arkansas, 8 for Cleveland; Iowa, 13 for Harrison; Wi.consln, 12 for Cleveland; North Dakota, I each for Harrison, Cleveland and Weaver; Idaho. 3 for Weaver; Missouri, solid for Cleve land; Colorado, solid for Weaver; Texas, 13 for Cleveland; South Dakota, 4 for Harriion; Wovming, 3 for Harrison; Nevada, solid for Weaver. [rhe bal lots were solid silver cards, 2x3 inches on which were engraved the names of Weaver and Field.] Cali-ornia, 8 for Cleveland and I for Ilarrison; Penasyl vania, sold for Harrison; Delaware, 3 for Cleveland; Maryland, 8 for Cleve nd; Conne.ticut, 6 for Clevejand; na, 3 for Harrison; Oreion, 3 for rison and I for Weaver; Nebraska. lid for Harrison; Michigan, vlarrison 9, Cleveland 5. [ 'his is the first Lime that a Democratic Presidential candi date his received an electoral vote1'rom Michigan.] Tennesst e, solid for Cleve land; New Hampshire, solid for liarri son; Illinois, solid for (leveland-the first vote for a )enocratic President in uearly forty years. Vermont, Maine, Massachusetts and lRho4e Iland, solid for Harrison; Indiana. solid for Cleve land; Minresota. 9 for Harrison; West Virginia. 6 for Clevelad; New Jersey, 10 for Cleveland. ''he totol vote is as f-llows Celevand 277, Harrison 145 and Weaver 22. (4lve in Gooid Ronad. Col.UIBIA, -Jan. It.--Governor Till man hits decided to take a hand in the National Road Convention, atid has re quested Secretary lteid, of the Stale Al liance, to suggest som' good active A l liance men to take part in the muove ment. For the present at least lie 1 not, going to do an)thing specially in the State. lie will doubtless wait ati sue theresult of the ilational moveillent and if that results in natight, he will then see what can lbe done in t his St ate. As a matter of fact (soverior Tillmaln has been so very bosy that he has not had the time to think aboutthe mat er,i and he does not, want, to do anything until he has thoroughly inattired plans. The present and his re(luest for names to appoint, as delegates were precipita ted by the following correspondenct: His Excellency, Governor Tillman Dear Sir: I have been in coritspil) dence with Gen. ]toy Stone, ot New York, to whom I was referred by (ov ernor Levi K. Fuller, of Veriont. I send you a letter recently receivea from Gen.Stone. My plan to whbich he refers, is to send eirculars to every Al liance in the State and to all the Stat e and County Alliance ollicerti to enable them to gain information on the sub ject and to begin the organinition at once. My directory contains about a thois and names of prominent farmers in all parts of the State. Con-equently by sending out circulars it would seatter them well. Ile hiats sent the giriliars I wrote for. I will Wo;o Washingion if I am able to,W, out ai make the trilp ..orsrespectfully, ,' J. W. Iteid. Sec. F. S. A. of S. C. I S Following is the aitOiinanying let NEW YonK, l)ecemper 28, 1892. J. W. lReid, Secretary l"ariiners' A Ili anco-Dear Sir: I have sent you t lie literature requiestedl andi shioiild be pleased to hear f rom you when the samne is received. TIhe executive comtmittee think your plan of action admirable. lie good enough to let us know itf we can support vou further.. Governor Tillman has acceplted the position of vice presidlent for the Mtate, I but has not .vet named the State iree tors, under Article 5 of the conistituit Ion. page 40, of tho pamphletsent you. Will ( you kindly communicate wit h bhim, andl(l please indicate that it wouilo be very aglrcabie to have you named as oneO 01 the dIirect ors of' the State y WVould you be able to come to Wash ing to attend tihe general hoard ieet ing on Jlanuary 17? V'ery trulv yours, lloy Stone, General Vice l'resident. The reply ot Governor Tiillman reads: I Replying to your letter of yesterday I Governor 'Cillmani directs me to say I that lhe will be glad to receive sugges- I tions of live and active men all over I the State to be appointed vice p)resi-I dents of the National League for Good of Roads and would bie glad to ap)poittI you one of the directors of' this State. Very respectfully, 1). 11 . TIomtpkins. P'rivate Secretary. The work of the Alliance road diiree tors will be watched wit,h genuine inter eat, and they can (10 much good in this State. The directors mtighit, biesidies representing the State, take charge of I the oirgai ization ror South Carolina. -News and Courier. The South',, Coadl Depomltn. CHIATTANoooIA, 'Tenn., ,Jan ti.-T[he Trradesmiani in its annual revIew fori 1893, just published, says that the coai deposits of the Southern States are es timated froim its returns to underlie 62,345 square nilles of territory. Southern coal minin was 'rot prose cuted extensively uinti 1880, when the Souitput was :3,9.14.255 tons. In 18940 17, 640.280 tons were mined, atnd tihe outpu't for 1892 is estimated at 19i,201,200 tonis. West Virginia is at present the largestt poducer of coal, followed by Alabama, I KCentucky, Trennessee, Virginia. Texas,v Arkansas and Georgia in the ordier r -named. When the extensivelimprovemnents in e river navigation, now under way, are Onished it is believed that Alabama aind Tennessee coal can be delivered at t ide water for exportation at from $150) to $2 per ton. Coke manufacture in the South, the Tradesman says, is of recent origin, niot ~ reaching 1,000,000 tons till 1876. From 1888 a steady increase is shown, In that year 1,030,6142 tonts ofi coke were l' made in 18940 3,764,828 tons, and the I manufacture of coke for 1892 is esti- 11 mated at 4,250,000 tons. d '[be flgurea given show that a ton of 2 coke weighing 2 00pounds req tires an d average of 3,ll1 pounds of Southeiun ooal and costs 816.6'7. A labama coke, analyzing 91.60 per cent of pare carbon, Is now regularly produced. Duael to the Death. ( DENIBoN, Texas, Jan. 5.-James and te Will Nevins and d ack Langdon, all cow boys bad a fight with Winchesters and -sez-shooters at "Three Heart" Ranch In the Choctaw Nati on, yesterday. Wilil Neivins and Langdon were killed and James Nevins fataily wounded. The Nevins boys and Langdon worked on different ranones. The former were a chargdwith stealing a maverick, and * allhon orsebacki began. The first C - blkilled Will NevIns, and a sharpe duel between James Hevlns and Lang oni followed. The latter was killed at b ~4fth sot and Noevilo was riddled, j h THE D"N EAST." 1 1.ong and Wicked ife Comes to an End L"t. WASHIN0TON, January JI.-Gen. B3enjani F. Butler died at 1.30 this noralug of heart failure, supe.Induced >y an attack of pneumonia. Ile retired it 11 o'clock last night, and soon after nidnighis hio'colored body servant, West, Nho slept in an adioi.xng room, heard fim coughing violently. Ile went to bt: Gt inxl's room and found that he isid goi-e Lo the hath room adjoining. Ile lolowed H-im there and ollered as istauce. Thbe General mentioned that li It XllCt(I: it1ons haI been discolored with bll0d, buI, <id not appear to think aeriouRly of : h- matter. West assisted iii to hed atid lie apparently went tisleep, hut, died toon after. 'ill i ISTORY OF Il1s IJIFE. It is r at.ed that when Aiildebrand was on his deitli bed lie absolved all the world excep t llenry the IV o Germany, and Clenitent the I 11. When the career At t i. 1. F. Butler is studied by the 4elf-i espe ting Southerner, even after hiret, th cades, when the passions of war have cooled and the animosities of the it lie have, beeni dissipated, it is ditlicult to reptk-es something of' the same fPel. ii, wliti anitmated the fiery Pontiff. Bet).iniinn Frailklin Butler wa, born n Deertield. N. II.. November 5, 1818. le was Lradiaited at Waterville Col ege, Alaine, 1838; began the practice of aw at, Lowell, Mass, in 1841 and has ince haid a hiih reputation as a lawyer, .sl;ecially in criminal casep. lie early Look a promininent part in p,)lities on the Demociatic kide and in 1860 was a dele ritle to I lie Democratic Nationa! Con vt Itionli iiin I his city and voted a number A iimes Ior .1ferson Davis tas candi ilate lor the Presidency. Mr. Butler withdiew frmn the Charleston Conven Lion as well its 1rom the subseque-it Convei.tion which is--embled in Balti more. loll wed by a ma jority it the Mas 11ch1uits dele--ation. In the same vear he was the tinsuccessful candidate I for GOVern10or of Miasachusetts. In A pil, 18461, on President Dn 'olni's cull lr trols, he marched to An na iflli With th( Sth Massachusetts re eit. aiii, und on May I lie entered Balti ouire at the head of nino hundied men uid occliuied the city without opposition. -)ia Mii I6 lie was made a major gener ti ianid assignem-d to the command of Fort Moroue and the department ot 'astern Vr.iiiia. \Vhile lie was here some veSi that 'iad colme within his lines Nere dI uttinded by their iasters; but lie 'efiuol i deliver them) up oni i thei grount. ,laitL they we e Coiti'ailind of Wit'; hence tr,xse the dles,ination of "cont.rauandi" ,iteh appi I Lo slav,es during the war. [in Auus lie cotured Forts l iatteras lnd Clurl oin the cott of NoithI Car )-inmu. If(e then returned to Massachu ettU to i crit, 1 an expeditioi for the ult of Mx co and the Mississippi. In Mai cli, 1S62, t he expedition reaclhed -;hlu Ishaild, atid in April went up the Missi.eipi. l'ariaiut and the fleet had IsS ed Lilte 1oiA o A pril 2.1 and virtual I)r caipttUred New cleains, and Gen. I5itdur took pn.ssio (itf the city on May 1. lit"11,ER'S (iCOWNINU INI--U .I3is itadai1inosiation of tifFairs," a Northiri eit'vel., i ..demist,ially nts sa nru yureat, vig,or,"1 Mif his couArse in halngilna William Mum rd.! "lmr hauling down tKe United ;tittes il ug Irtini tLe mint, aid in issuing (.der No. 28." initeiided to prevent wo nen ai liim inuli ng itoldicisa, excit,ed tirling leseiitineint, not onily in the -outi b, hu tii mt Northi and abiroad, and ni I )& ceinuher, I Mu2, ,JeIierson Datvis is iiedli aprochulinatinn declari-.ig hima aln ut law.'" C >h. 10thardlX YeadIon, editor of the hiarlestoin Courier. ollered a reward of 10,00t) for (en. Butler, dead or alive, itd Ge n . ButLer, in festive nicod, re atlia.ted itt the t:cse of the war by steal ii Col. YeCadon's door plate from his esidence in this city. TLne only iili, of light in the (lark re ord1 el ( en. iu tler's occupanc y of New )rleans wats the strict sanitary regula ionsl which lie enforced, and which >robbly prevented the recurrence of hie 3 ellow lever scourage. lie is saidl o hiave p)rocuired his systemn of sanita ion fromi La viticuis, andl hiskgreat pecula ionis ini ct ton ad other personal >rop)erty of the Louisianians sihow taiat, ie had11 studied other b>oks of thle 'enitiateuch with profit, especially those m~s c,es relatiog to t,he spoiling of' the e puaniis. Iia May, 1862, Geun. But er seizedl about $80i0.00 (lt) hichl had >eeni deposited ini the oflice of the D)utch onisuil, ehltiinih that arms for the C>)n ederaite were to he bought with it. L'hi i~ ltion was protested against by Lil the loreIg:n consuls, and the Govern nient at. Waisington, atfter an investien ion, ordlered the return >f the money. iIn Decemnber (;it. litler was re atlleci, its lie bfumplitisly iaserted, at lie un: Igati on of 1 OLous Napoleon, who tluost-d the General to be hostile to is Muxicang schemes. Near the close I 1863 hie was placed in command of' lie Ainy of' the .James, in 1 864 was eut to New York to insure quiet dur rig the elect,ions. In D)ecember lie con luctedl the unsuccessfuli expedition gauinst Fort, Fisher, and1( was soon alter .vards removedl fromi commnanded by ;eii. Grant, aft.oi which lie returned t,o is residence in Massachusetts. In 1866 he was elected to Congress s it lIepublican, where he servedh al nest continuously unttil 1879, raking lie leading part ini the attempted im eachmienL of Presideint ,Johnson. iIe ma the unsuccessiul lRepublican nomi IC ior Governor of Massachutsetts in 87 1, anid in 1878 andi 1879, having hanged his politcs. was the candIdate f the lndependeint Greenback party and I one wing of' the IJemocrats for the amne eflee, butt was ag&aini deftetd. In 882 the Democrats tuni'ed upon him as fiher tandhidate, and lie was elected, hough the rest of the Stati ticket was efeated. lie caused1 durimg his term lie celebrated investigatioa of tihe al agedl cruelties of the TIewksbury Alms louse. In 1883 lie was renominated, ut,defeated, in 1884 lie was the can idlate of tihe New Y ork Sun andI the Lnti-Monopolist part.Ies, or the Presi ency andl receivedh 133,8'25 vot,es. Ghen. Butler married Miss Sarah Hil1 roth, of Lowell, who had been an ay ress, add who dlied In 1876. Their aughter married Ghen. Adelbert Ames, f the Unit.ed States arm ,'. James Par an wrote an alleged history of "Ghen lutler in New OJrl tans," and the G -n ral published last year a very enter sRining hut unreliable yolume entitled 'biutler's Book," which purports to be t,rue story of his life and charact,er, The attempt of the Republicans to teal the State of Wyoming failed at very point. The official majority for Isborne, Democratic candidate for Giov rnor, is 1,781, and the Legislature wIll a Demnocratic by three majority, which Innraa t.he Senator. ANCIENT RAlNAS The Financial Statue of That His torio City. Moslems Absorbing All the Trade and Urowing Richer, While the Chris tans and Jews Are Grow IBg Poorer. The British consul in Damascus, in a report which has lately been issued by the foreign office, gives some interest ing information in regard to the condi tion of that city and its neighborhood, says the London Times. Damascus sends to ileyrout and other towns in Syria flour, grain and fruits, while inl regard to the necessaries of life it 6 practically self-supporting, with the ex ception of Manchester manufactures. Cotton goods were formerly all hont made, but the great cheapness ol l1ritish cottons has destroyed the homn production. The trade of the place if almost stationary from year to year; il there is an increase in the trade in ar article one year there is a correspondinp decrease the next, for luxuries art scarce and the necessaries of life wil only fluctuate with the population while the exports depend on the har vest, which rarely fails. The population is given at about 210,. 000, of which about 180,000 are Moslems. rhe number is supposed to be increas ing, but it must be slowly, for the old walls still surround the greater part ol the population, and the houses built out side are very few. The poverty of th( Christians and .Jews is remarkable, the Moslems having of late years absorbeI the trade and wealth which were former ly in the hands of the others. The Mos Iteins steadily increase in wealth, while the Christians and Jews as steadily de cline. This unusual state of things if said to be due to the loss of the througlh trade to Bagdad, to the difileulties which those who are not Moslems en counter in business and to th-- insol. veney of the government. The Damas eus bonds, which were repudiated t< the extent of ?500,000, were mostly hek by Christians and .fews, and the repudi at ion was a heavy blow to them. lilt, it Lp)ears that the wealth of the place has considerably increased In th( last thirty years. and it is probable thal I)aimascus wi-il still further increast when the railways now projected froir the coast are constructed. The ex. portation of licorice root, however seems to be doomed by the discovery ol root of a superior quality in Asia Minoi and elsewhere. Apricots form one of the chief products of Damascus. It is estimated that in a good year no fewei thanl 17,000 tons are gathered. Large qluantities are sent fresh into the neigh boring towns and villages, while th< rest is dried or made into paste and ex ported to Egypt. Hemp, too, is an im portant local production. Loca- indus tries are numerous and some are of im portance. The chief is weaving There are about 2,000 looms V," cotton, wool and silk weaving. The first pro(luce calico, cur!ains and divan cov ers, the materi;,i used for the long coats worn 1T: Moslems and for the cloaks which cover the native women from head to foot. A hand loom can turn out thirteen yards of striped cotton cloth per (lay, but the average day's work does not exceed seven yards. The cotton looms are constantly at work, wh4ile the wvool andl silk looms are fre qluently -idle. The manufacture of ropes, harness, hammered iron, copper andI brass work is among the other in dustries. The ornamental brass work andl mother-of-pearl inlaid work are chiefly supported by the travelers, who pay exorbitant prices. VENETIAN LIFE. The Poetical City Described as the Most Beautiful of Tombs. Venetian life, in the large old sense, has long since come to an end, and the esse'ntial present character of the most melancholy of cities residles simply ira its b)eing the most beautiful of tombs, writes lienry James in Scribner. No where else has the past been laid tc rest with such tenderness, such a sad ness of resignation and remembrance. Nowhere else is the present so alien, so dliscontinuous, so like a crowd in r cemetery without garlands for the graves. It has no flowers in its hands, bnt as a compensation, perhaps-and the thing is doubtless more to the poini --it has money and little red books. The everlasting shuffle in the piazza of these irresponsible visitors is contempo. raLry Venetian life. Everything else ih only a reverberation of that. T-he vast mausoleum has a turnstile at the door, and a functionary In a shabby uniform lets you in, as per tar iif?, to see how dead it is. From this cold curiosity proceed all the industry, the prosperity, the vitality of the place. The shopkeepers and gondoliers, the beggars and the models, depend upon ii for a living; they are the custodian. and the ushers of the great museum they are even themselves to a certaiti extent the objects of exhibition. It is in the wide vestibule of th< square that the polyglot pilgrims gathem most densely; Piazza San Marco Is like the lobby of the opera in the interval. of the performance. The present fortune of Venice, the lamentable difference, is most easily mer.suredl there, and that is why, in the effort to resist our pessimism, we must turn away both from the purchaser. and from the venders of ricordi. Old-Time Postage Rates. An old almanac for 1813 gives tne fol. lowing as thme rates of postage prevail ing at that time: "For every single let ter by land, for 40 mIles, 8 cents; 9( miles, 10 cents; 150 miles, 12% cents; 30t miles, 17 cents; 500 miles, 25 cents. N( allowance to be made for intermnediate miles. Every double letter is to pay dlouble the said rates; every triple let. ter, triple; every packet weighing one ounce at the rate of four single letters each ounce. Every ship letter orig inally received at an office for delivery, 8 centa. Magazines and pamphlets, not over 50 miles, 1 cent per sheet; over 50 miles and not exceeding 100 do., 1% eats per sheet; over 100 miles, 2 centa per' sheet. _________ Ten Days Without Food. ST. PETERSBURG, Jan. 7.-Ten days ago a mine on the line of the Loneter Railway was flooded. The miners fled and all reached the surface in safety ex. cept eight men, who it was supposed had been dr owned in the workings, The pumps were keep going night and day and to-day a party of sliners went down to recover the bodies of their comrades. The imprisoned men were still alive, but had their rescue been delayed only a few hours they would certainly have died from starvation. For the entire ten days they had been without a mnor sel of food and they were so weak that they could hardly speak. The phyla clans state that with extreme care the eight men will probably renover. WEALTH IN TOBACCO. Onator Mayfieid Clears One Mandred Dollae per Acre on It. To the Editor of The News and Cour ier: I have had so very many inquir. lee about raising tobacco that it is im possible for me to answer so I turn to your columns to give the desired infor mation. I take it that you will gladly give the space, for The News and Courier first urged upon the people of South Carolina to plant tobacco, and especially will you give aid through your columns to anything which tends to build up the material prosperity of the country. Select a sloping place with southern exposure near a branch or pond. 13urn the ground thoroughly by placing on the bed dry wood or brush to a depth of an inch. Then take a mattock and dig the ground, rake it and get all the clods broken and all the roots out. Lay off the land or bed up the hill in rows eight feet wide. From the centre of furrow pull the earth up towards the centre of your row, so as to raise the middle three or four inches. The form er furrows will be a drain taking off the water from the centre of the bed and a path, so that in pullivg plants your hands can reach the centre of the bed. Mix the seed with corn or cottan seed meal, so as to be easily seen, and sow two tablespoonsful of seed to the acre. Use the Hester variety grown by It. L. Ragland, Ilyco, Va. They cost $2 per pound and one pound will plant say fifty acres, allowing for bad stands. After sowing run a hand roller over the bed and press the seed in. Set a plank along the edges of the bed, and on this tack a cloth to cover the beds, so as to protect. the plants from frost.. Wm M. 11ird & Co, Charleston, keep a cloth for plant bed covering that costs 3% cents per yard. Select a piece of land having a fair, open front RO the sun will shine on it all aay. Shouid have from eight to ten inches of s-11 with a good yellow clay subsoil. Break the lan: well with a two-horse plough in January; rebreak with a small scooter plough in March. In ADriH harrow over the land and make-it fine; reduce to a powder if possible. Lay off your rows three and a half feet wide with a shovel plough. In the furrow put whatever stable ma nure can be had, and on that put from 1,000 pounds to 1,500 pounds of F. W. Wagener & Co's high grade fertilizer -same as you would use for cotton. I name F, W. Wagener & Co's fertilizers because I have tried them and know they are quick and respond readily. Bed as you would for cotton, only use small ploughs, so as to have a 11lit bed. TI e plants will be ready by the 20th ot April. Go into the woods and cut pine logs 22 by 20 feet long. Have two sides rough hewn, leaving the bark on two sides; then put up just as you would a log house, making the house twenty feet high; put in tier poles. every tWS feet as you build anid four feet apart just as you e;-ef, -a meat or smoke ho.use. When the house has settled Gaub with clay. Later on I will tell you how to put in ilues and furnaces. In the meantime, write Major It. L. Ragland, Ilyco. Va, foi his pamphlet on tobacco. Then (1o as near as you can what he tells you. Get your seed and sow this month. I planted thirty-three and one-half acres near Denmark, Barnwell County, and have now sold my entire crop and I must say some of my tobacco was poor, but the larger portion was go3d and some was Ale-very fine. I aver ageJ about 1,200 pounds to tLe acre and sold good and bad as it lay graded in my barns for 13% cents per pound. I might have done~ better, but I am con tent to let good enough alone. I re ceived aut $154 per acre. If all of my tobacco had been like that grown on a fild of lifteen acres I would have averaged 18 to 20 cents per pound. But I did not know that good plough ing and high manuring was so essen tial to successful tabacco farming. You need not spend money for ex spensive sticks to cure on, as I did, and basKets, etc., but later I will tell you how to save on this line. One word about the kind of tobacco to plant and what kind to plant for. I used the Hester, and it made tobacco which all judges pronounced fine, and which c 'nnot be surpassed for wrap pers and fillers for plug work. So ex pert tobacco men say, and they back their judgment with their money. It has a wonderful adaptability for soil and climate. The A merican Tobacco Company has formed a trust and re duced the price of fine bright tobacco, so that that type ls not now so remu nerative as it onice was. But tmahogny tobacco can be grown all over South Caroiina, from the coast to the moun tains. From 500 to 2,000 pounds can be grown to thA acre, accordmng to the condition of the soil. D)o not plant the Cuban tobacco, is my ad vice, and it is based on what the manager of Cuban tobacco in this State told me. Plant, for strong, oily, working tobac co, on land that will make half of a bale to three-quarters of a bale of cot ton to the acre. Manure with a quick fert,ilizer and use it freely as above dIi rected andl you cat. make the tobacco and hire all of your lobor for $50 per acre and less. I have cleared at least $100 per' acre. Do not put in too many acres. Build one barn this year and succeed, aiid you will plant again next year. A barn will cure flive acres. Respectfully, Denmark, .January 9, 18913. A colossai Corton ire. Li vi-uoi, .Jan. G.--Three cotton warehouses on .Juniper street were burned last night, with 11,000 bales oi cotton. Loss ?150 000. The walls of one wherehouse bulged out and fell upon a p)art oh firemen, killing three and se riously injuring a number of others. Tihe lire, which was confined within the walls e t the three w arehouses burned itself out at about, 2 o'oclock this af ter noon. The salvage will be trilling. LA'rEn.--It Is now a sid that there were 20,000 bales of cotton in the build ings, all of which was destroyed. It was the largen, lIre that has occurred in Liverpool since the burning of the land ing st age In 1874. It is belheved that that lire was smoldering among the cot ton for hours before It was discovered The cotton was stowed close to the walls, and when the water soaked into the bales it. caused them to swell grea tly, andl this is thought had much to do with the wall falling upon the firemen. Placing of Our Bonds. CH A RLEs'roN, S. C. Jan.10.--A syn dIcate orined In New York by Messrs. R. A. Lancaster & Co., under contract with the G,overnor and State Treasurer, has placed a large block of new 43 per cent, refunding bonds of the State 01 South Carolina, Issued for t,he redemp tion of BJrowu console, which fall due July 1st,1893, and will. In a shiort time, offer for sale the balahee of the author ized issue. These are the bonds the is sue of whIch was provided for by .the Legislature whIch has just adjouined. It Is understood that Calden iThindiff of Augusta, was ellective in effecting thIs ngotIation, WOMEN AS CRIMINALS. AA Deteotive's Testimony Regard ing the Sexes In Crime. There Are More Wieked Men Than Womn on@ Yet the Women Are More Cruel sad D1eliberate In Their Crimes. "While man Is undoubtedly as a rul the more prominent in crime, woman on the other hand, is at once more crue and cunning in what she does," says i noted detective in the San Francisc< Post. "From the circumstance that a con siderable less number of women that men are convicted of crime, the infer enee is drawn that in woman the erimni nal propensities are weaker or undei better control. Such a conclusion is however, not borne out by the facts, foi when crimes have been traced to womer it has been found, in the majority o: cases, that the guilty deeds have beer comn1m1iitted not only with systematit cunning, but also with a coolness anc cruelty which have seldom been attrib uted to men. "There are several reasons," contin tied the detective, "why so few womer have been convicted of crime. Man' natural sympathy for her often cause. him to overlook important point. against her. If there are men in thi profession who are not susceptible to i woman's plea, I, in my experience o twenty-six years, have failed to finm them. "Another thing: It is seldom consid ered that girls are watehed more care fully than boys, and are under greate restraint. Neither i. it taken into ae coumint that older fearales spend more o their time at home, while males of thei own age are on the streetor minglin wit.h pelsons whose habits are not alway of the best .Many of the temptations to erime come firon business complications in which women have .ittle or no share as they spend most of their time a home with their children and femall companions. Most homicides, yo know, are the results of anger excitei when persons are away from thei homes and families, as violent quarrel generally take place in the street o harroom, and not in the parlor or sit ting-room. "Now as to the cruelty and delibera tion of the female criminal. The hi, tory of crime shows that most of th murders committed by women are thos, perpetrated by the administration o poison. They show careful prepara tion and great deliberation. In alinos every instance treachery is employed the victim being invited to partak,-o: refreshments supplied >y one who i1 presumned to ;te a friend. Murder b3 Oh w :.nistration of poison is consid, ered the imost foul and the darkest o all crimes, but it is the one that womner have been addicted to more generalI3 than imen in all ages and countries. "Another very remarkable fact," con tinued the detective, "has recently bewi meitioned in a London paper by thi ehaplain of Clerkenwell jail. It is tha soni criminals are practically incura ble. Fromn a table prepared by him i was shown that during last year ther were committed to the prisons and jail of England and Wales 5,686 men an ),764 women who had been convicted n< less than ten times previously. You se thme force of the comparison. "A partial explanation of this strang< state of thigs may be found in the fac that women are more thorough-going in all things, good. bad or indifferent than the men. '[hey do nothing b: halves, lie the matter the constructio: oif a shorteake, the making of a craz; quilt or the poisoning of a rival, womal dlevotes all her time, knowledge an< talent to what she has in view. "Then, again, a woman has les chance of reformation than a man. Th latter can go to a strange or distan place, raise whiskers or shave those h had, assume a diferent name andl comn mnenee life anew. Hie can generally fin< employment, but with the woman it i more dlifficult. D)isguise is not so easy andl if she goes to a dlifferent plaec sonie one is liable to recognize her. "A strange woman is always looke< upon with suspicion, as it is presume< that she wuord prefer to live in th< town where she was brought up an< where her o1(1 aequalintances are. umani gets credhit for his enterprise if h< goes to a new country anid engages in business for himsel f, but such is not th ease with a woman. If she is once dlii covered her own sex are the first t< point their fingrs at her, then up thei noses, and( refuse to associate with her the result of which is that she become hardened and callhous and is again driv en to c'rime." A D)icuit P'roblem. Weighing the earth is a problen which has often intere'stedl and anmuse< scientists, andio various efforts have bee: Imadle to dletermine with some dlegree o accuracy the probable approiximat< we'ighxt of the globe on which we live i n 1772 a series of curious experiment: was made by P'rof. Maskelyne i M(o'unt Schtihall ion, in Scotland, ba which lhe determined the singular fac that the attraction exerted by th mnountaini mass on the plumb lini -aused it to deviate nearly six second frtom the p)erpendicmular. Long and at trmuse calculations followed, (in the de tails (if which it is not necessary ta dwell, but the result was, taking th. diameter of the earth as 7,912.41 mile andmi the weight of a cubic foot of wate as 623 pounds, the weight of the eartJ was calculatedl to be 5,842,000,000,000, 0i00,000,000 tons of 2,240 poundhs each. Yankee Notions in Spain. An American traveler in Spain say that Yankee notions andh the ingeniou iittle inventions sold by our street ped diers are ap)preciated there. Whil walking in Malaga he saw women shy ing aeross thme street to get away trort somnethming. Making haste to ascertaia the cause, he saw a man with a string tiedl to a tiny mouse, which sought il vain to ge't away from its tormentor ai it glidled over the walk. He repeatedi; jerked it back, however, and the tout ist was shocked until he heard the ma calling out: "Raton mecanico Ames Icano!" (American mechanical mouse. ,A oed L.aw., COLUMBIA, Jan. 12.-The Secretar of tate has received the following Iet ter from John Edgar, of' Rochestei Minn.: "Please send me a copy of your nei dispensarv law, as I believe it Is called Some years [ published essentlallyth same as embodied in this law and hay been adVocatiDg it since. I rejoic greatly, and congratulate your State a ra leading our country and the worn whi1h the only law that promise. to bei athe drinking alon." N CTCn ori Easiest. THOMs Broad Street. Daats.rdsy Work om WVrecker, IRMINOIIAM, Ala., Jain. 5.-At i talia. shortly after midnight last rig the Queen and Cresent south bound li ited express was VhrecCKed, every c mer ibe rear sleeper leaving t track. The passengers were bad shaken up, but no one seriously hiu: as the train was slowing up for the st tion when the mishap occurred. Solu malicious person had wrasppedl a achain about the track for the p'irpo of wrecking the train, and the wo der is that nobcdy was killed. Pianos and OrganS. Where to buy Pianos and Orga 0 representing the world's greatest m t kers. Steinway & Sons Pia, anos, 1 - thushek Pianos, Mason & hamlin i t anos, Sterlin Pianos, Mason and Ii u ln Organs, Sterling Orgauas. Low. s prices always. Easiest terms possb t All freight paid. Complete outli fr Five years guaran tee. One price all. ,uare dealino, Mouey saved. We do not ask big prices as ma dealers do, and then come down. 0 ' motto- One price to all and that t t lowest. We ship on lifteen days' tr Sto any depot and pay freighi. b .ways if not satisfactory. Write - illustrated catalogue. N.W. Trun l Columbia,S. C. 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