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,~ 7T I r - _ .1 - r voL. XVII. 'ICKENS, S. C., THIURSDAY, FEBRUARY 23, 1888. NO. 22. TIMELY TOPICS FOR FARMERS. HOW TO DO.PAYINO VORK AT THIS SEASON. Suggestions of Intorest, from an Authori tative Source. (W. L. Jones in Southern Cultivator') This is the beginning of the busy work of preparing for the noxt crop, The farm now demands all the eneigies of the farmer who would lay a broad foun dation for a successful year's work. It is impossible to foresco what will be the character of the seasons in the futuro. We know that it will be either "wet" or "dry," or "seasonable." It is well to provide against either extromo as far as practicable. Only ordinary skill and judgment on the part of the farmer are required to make a reasonably fair crop in a fairly seasonablo year. But it does require a high degree of skill, and a judgment that is based on experience and study to discount, in advance, the drawbacks and casualties that are possi bilities and probabilities of the future. It is often said that "a crop well planted is half made;" but the land must be properly prepared, securely protected against stock, judiciously fertilized, etc., and the seed properly selected and planted before it may be truly said that the orop has been "well planted." Some havo said that a farmer ought to plant such an area in corn as will yield, under the most adverse circumstances, a suliciency for home use. This is put ting it rather too strong. Every farmer of a dozon years experience knows that seasons occur when it would have been better to have planted no corn at all; and probably he would not if he could have foreseen the result. The safer rule is to adjust relative areas (in provision crops especially) with reference to expeted average seasons, so thai an abundance will be produced with such seasons. It is well enough to pre pare the land and space the plants as if expecting a dry good year. Then if good stasons proved nothing will have been lost. and if a drouth occur at the critical period the extra labor of prepa ration ant the wide spacing will tell wonderfully in the final result. Let every farmer consider what he wishes r expects to secure by the labors of the year. What are the most pressing and indispensable wants among thoso that may be on the farm? Obviously, food comes first; clothing next, and so on. The essential business of a farmer is to make a living (meat and broad, lodging and clothing) for himself and lamily. In our judgment the man who makes the production of cotton the main object of effort, and who looks upon the grow ing of food crops and other departments of f4rm industry, as mere incidents or unayoidablo drawbacks, makes a very serious, radical mistake. Such mistakes are frequent, and are frequently if not generally the cause of failure. Such mistakes are the cause of the present de pression in Southern agriculture. We should first produce what we need most- --what we must h.tve--what we consume, not what we do not need (or need but little of) and what we cannot consume. The farmer who plans, pitches, prepares, plants and cultivates with direct regard to supplying his fami ly with food in such variety and of such wholesome quality as may only be pro duced under his own eye, will not he likely to sufl'er for want of any reason able comfort., necessary, or even modest luxury that may be outside the limits of aetutl home production. ''he rudent provision for ''plenty of every thing" that such a farmer will make will gener ally result in such a surplus of one or more p)rodulcts of his labor as will pio cAoe such other objects of desire, to say nothing of the returns from the cotton or other so-called ''mony crop." We~ claim no originality in the fore going '"T'houghts," excep)t possibly in the manner of presenting some of them. In the main they are suibstantially the "ol story." We would that by any means we might impress upon Southern farmers that the essential idea and aim in farming-an object that is attainable in no other pursuit on earthi-shiould be to supply the chief necessaries and many of the luxuries of life directly from the farm. T1he mechanic, the miner, the mere laborer', the professional manm, the follower of every other craft must ex change the p)roducts of his labor for money, and with the money p)urchiaso in the market the real objects of desire and necessity. Not so with the true farmer, in such a climate and with such a teeni ing soil as ours. SPIRINGI OATs. Tho acreage sown in fall oats is mutch less than usual. "~ho freezing out of a large portion of the crop o'f 1886 by the hard freezes in JIanuary, 1d87, hait a most dis eou raging effect, which was augmented b)y the unfavorably dry weather which prevailed in some parts of the country (luring the sowing season. The oat crop), however, is too valuable and in the long run too reliable to be given up. Spring sowing costs little more than thme seed, even if the crop fails from drouth; and a good breadth--eight or ten aeres at least to each plo0w run --should be put in. In our j udgment--foundled upon expeCri ence anod observation-oats sownu in l"ebruary are much less liable to injury by freezing than if sown ini January. Sowing in the "old twelve (lays" smacks more of superstition andl sentiment than sound reason. Omu hardest weather is usually from D)ecemuber 25 to F"ebruary 1, anid it is not often that oats sown in February are killed by freezing. The soil for spring oats, if not already fertile, should be well nmnureod and deeply and closely plowed-the latter to guard against drouth as much as possible. If the land be cross plowed so as to leave the furrows partly open, thme seed may 1)0 sown broadcast and harrowedl in with good results. Cotton seed, or the meal alone, or in compost wit.h acid phosphate and potash, makes an excellent fertilizer for oats. The crop requires rather more ammonia and potash than the percentage usually found in commercial ammoniat ed p)hosphates. Undoubtedly the Burt oat is the safest for spring sowing, as it will maf,ure in 100 to 12(1 days when sown in February or March, according to latitude. Sow plenty of seed; the later the sowing the heavier should he the aeng.n Allow for yieii of twenty fold is a pretty safi general rule, unless the unexpected yiel or capacity of the land is small, in whic case the seeding should be somewhat heavier than this rule would indicato, and vice versa. INTENSIVE FARMINO. In last month's "Thoughts" we prom ised more on the subject of intensivc farming "after awhile." It was tho suggested "that as a principle it doee not pay the best to manure a few aoree very heavily and leave the main expense oi the farm with little or no manure." To state the proposition affirmatively we mean to say that as a general practice it pays better to distribute manures some what uniformly and impartially over the entire area to be cultivated than to fer tilize a few acres very highly and the remaindor very lightly. A ton of any good fertilizer will yield a better por cent, on the cost if distributed equally ovor a field of twenty acres than if one half the ton be concentrated on two acres and the remaining half distributed among the remaining eighteen acres. Those hints arc more particularly appli cable where concentrated fertilizers are used, which cost comparatively little to distribute. Good fertilizers, judiciously applied, should be considered as an investment rather than an expense. An increase of the 'area in cultivation involves increased expense of labor, supplies, implements, etc., but an increase in the quantity of fertilizers need not involve any material additional expense, and while we have premised that a uniform distribution gives better results on the whole. the correct conclusion is to reduce areas and fertilize both liberally and uniformly the entire crop cultivated. There are thousands, yea hundreds of thousands of acres annually cultivated in tho South that do not yield one cent of prUiit, but on the contrary, entail a positivo and real loss. The remedy is either to throw such acres out of culti vation, or cultivate them in a difierent way. The most available and immediate remedy is to throw such land out of cid tivation and confine our efforts to smaller areas, with less expense of labor, stock, etc., and increase the investment in fertilizers. There are many farms yielding a scanty living for all concerned, whore it would be wise to sell one-half the mules, one-half the plows and other imple ments, one-half the land (or lot it rest), dispense with half the labor, and invest the money saved in fertilizers, improved stock and improved implements, and such appliances as may be needed to re duce loss and waste. The farmer who confines his best eflorts and skill to a small portion of his farm and still con tinues the whole area in cultivation has practically only reduced area without reducing expenses. STOOK AND ORASs. We have often touched upon the im portance of stock-breeding and fattening and grass culture. Now is the time to sow grass, seeds of mos kinds, if not sown last"fall, or if the fall sowing failed from any cause. It is useless to attempt grass culturo on poorly stricken and poorly lrepared soils. Bermuda may be excepted in this remark, as it will grow on almost any soil. March, howevei, in a better time to ;et a .I ermnuda pasture. There is absolutely no reason why Southern farmers-cotton farmers should not raise all the horses and mules needed for any and all purposes. We recently attended a colt show in Jetferson county, which demonstrated, if proof were necled, that Georgia can produce not only mules, but horses of the finest type and quality. Sumter and Bandolph and other counties in south west" Georgia are stirred up on the ques t ion of stock-raising. liabit is all that is against us, and habit can be chauged1 and reformed. We ought at least toe pirodhuce aill our horses and mules, enough butter to supply every dlining table in: the contry three timiet a day, beef and mutton to fully supplement the home made biaconi sup)ply and furnish the markets of all the cities and towns. If the farmers of the South will only sup 1p1y the home demand for all these ani mual piroducets they will have solved the p)rob)lem, hmow to make the farm pay. What2I a ib erali Educeat (inI 31eans,. E. J1. Lowell in the JTanuary Atlanitic says: A liberal education, which ter mi oftt um vaguely used, can be completed ai thme age of 22 years, andl should includt training and1( po sitivo knowledge. Thn author says: i either element, lbe neglected in th< undergraduate course it is unlikely that the deficiency will ever be made good. The years immediately followving gradum atimn are devoted, in the vast majority of instances, to learning a p)rofession 0: a busiucss, and these interests should bt shared with no others except by way oJ recreation. If, therefore, a young marn begins the work of his life while stil deficient in mental training his mind( will be trained by that work only in: those p)arts which are actively used ir thme business or profession which he hai taken up. If ho begins active life il. l)rovidedl with p)ositive knowledge oj facts he is likely to learn only thmos< facts which are useful in his branch o: active life. .In this way lie becomes one. sided and narrow-minded; elliiient, per hmaps, anid useful, bunt not liberally edu (ated, and p)robiably less useful am tilicient than if lhe were so. F'or it i the p)rovince of a libeiral education tt widen the mind, to make it turn mor< readily to new subl jects oif interest, t< make it understand thme ideas of others Thelm man who is liberally educated shouh possess5 more varied pileasures, a sounde: juudgmnt, imore sympathy with his fel lowv binigs, a higher ideal o(f life andl U its dluties, than are held by other men No edlucationm which is simpilly intellectua can give all these, but a proper intel lectual edIucation may assist a younj man in acquirinig them. Truly this is an ago of pirogress. Wel made piants from all woolen goods fo only N1 to your own measure! Scientifi blanks, 2t0 samples of cloth and a linei tape meaituro are sent to any address fo h cents in1 stamps biy the N. Y. Standar< l'ants Os., of (i6 University Place, N. Y City. Joodls sont b)y mail. This firn is do ig an enormous business froi Maine to California. You will aetuahl bsurprised at the result, if you wil writethem j JACKSON'S DEATH WOUiD. How Old Stonewall Met ills Death on trc Field of ChancellorsvIllo. (By John Eaton Cooke.) On fire with his groat design, Jackson then rode forward in front of the troops toward Chancollorsvillo, and here and then the bullet struck him which was tc terminato his career. Jackson had ridden forward on thc turnpike to reconnoitre and ascertain, if possible, in spite of the darkness of the night, the position of the Federal lines. The moon shono, but it was struggling with a bank of clouds, and afforded but a dim li' . From the gloomy thickets on each side of the turnpike, looking more weird and sombre in the half light, came the melancholy notes of the whip poorwill. 'I think there must have been ton thousand,' said General Stuart after wards. Such was the scone and aid which the events which now are about to be narrated took place. Jackson had advanced with some mem bers of his stali; about a mile from Chanoellorsvillo, and had. reached a point nearly opposite an old dismantled house in the woods near the road, when he reined in his horse, and remaining perfectly quiet and motionless, listened intently for any indications of a move ment in the Federal lines. They were scarcely two hundred yards in front of him, and seeing tho danger to which he exposed himself one of his stall oflicers said, 'General, don't you think this is the wrong place for you?' He replied quickly, almost impatiently, 'the danger is all over! the enemy is routed--go back and tell A. P. hill to press on!' The oflicer obeyed, but had scarcely disap peared when a sudden volley was fired from the Confederate Infantry in Jack son's rear, and on the right of the road -evidently directed upon him and his escort. The origin of this fire has never been discovered, and after Jackson's death there was little disposition to in vestigate an occurrence which occasioned bitter distress to all who by any possi bility could have taken part in it. It is probable, however, that some muovement of the Federal skirmishers had provoked the lire; if this is an error, the troops fired deliberately upon Jackson and his party, under the impression that they were a body of Federal cavalry recon noiterimg. Whatever may have been the origin of this volley, it came, and many of the staff and escort were shot, and fell from their horses. Jackson wheeled to the left and galloped into the woods to get out of range of the bullets; but he had not gone twenty steps beyond the edge of the turnpike, in the thicket, when one of brigades drawn up within thirty yards of him fired a volley in their turn, knel ing on the right knee, as the flash of the guns showed, as though prepared to 'guard against cavalry.' By this lire Jackson was wounded in three places. lie received one ball in his left arm, two inches below the shoulder-joint, shatter ing the bone and severing the chief arte ry; a second passed through the same arm between the elbow and the wrist, making its exit through the palm of the hand; and a third ball entered the palm of his right hand, about the middle, and passing through, broke two of the bones. Here, Captain Vilbourn, of his stafl, succeeded in catching the reins and checking the animal, who was abnost frantic from terror, at the moment when, from loss of blood and exhausion, .lack son was about to fall from the saddle. He was then borne to the field hos pital at Wilderness, some live miles dis tant. here he lay throughout the next. day, Sunday, listening to the thunder of the artillery and the long roll of the mus ketry from Chancellorsville, where Stuart, wvho had sneceeded him in coms mand, was pressing G eneral 11looker back toward the Itappahan nock. Il ie soul must have thrilled at that soud, long so familiar, but he coul take no part in the conflict. Lying faint indl pale, in a tent in rear of the 'WVildernaw 'Tavern,' heo seemed1 to be1 pterfectly re signed, and submnittedl to the p'ainful probing of his wound with soldierly pa tience. It was obviously necessary tc amputate the arm. and on1( of his sur geons asked, 'if we find the amputatiou necessary, General, shall it be (1on1 al on1c?' to which Iho rep)liedl with alacrity, 'Yes, certainlhy, Dr. McGul ire, do for nu whatever you think right.' 'VT arim wva then taken off, and lie slept soundl(y1 after the operation, and on waking, lo gan to converse about the battle, It wa about this time that we received the fol lowing letter fromi General Le ie: 'I havt just recived your note informing nui that you were wounded. I cannot ex press my regret at the occurrence. Coulk I have directed events I should haiv< chosen for the good of the country h have been disabiledi in your steadl.J congratulate you upon the victory which sdutoyour skill antd energy.' '[he remaining details of ,Jackson's ill ness and (loath tire knmown. J Io was 1(e moved to Guiney's D epot, on the Rlichi mend and Fredlericksburg H1 ail road, where ho gradumally sank h, phnemnlionii havig ataced im.When told thatl the enemy shouting 'Chargo, anid re miembler Jaedsoni!' lie exclaimed, 'It wat just like them! it was just like thmem They are a noble body of meon. Th<1 men who live through this wvar,' hi' added, 'will bet psroudi to say 'I was tont of the Stonowali I rigade' to their chil dren.' Looking soon afterwards at tI< stump of his arm, hto said, 'Many peopth would regard this as ai great misfortune I regaird it as one of the great blessings of my life.' Ilho sub)sequtently said, consider these wounds ai blessinig; thmej wer'ie given me for sonme good andl wist purpos, and I would not pait with then - Iis wife was nowv with him, and whet Ishe anniounced to him weeping, his ap - proaching death, lhe repilied with perfec t calmness, 'Vecry good; very good; it it all right.' 'T'hese were nearly his las word1s. Ile soon afterwards8 becanme do I lirious, and1( was heard to mutter, '(Orde: r A. 1P. H1ill to prepare for actioni! -P asi se thme infantry !-Te.I'll Major 1 lawks to som forward provisions for the men!' Ther r. his martial ardlor disappetrod, a smiih 1 diffused itself over his pale features, am .lhe murmured: 'Let us cross over ti a river and rest tunder the shade of thb a trees!' It was the river of death Ih wa ab)out to pass over; and sooni after utter []iing these words hie explired1. 'Thie character andl career of thm om who thus passed from [lie arena of hi gory, are the pronety of him. RAISE YOUR OWN 1100. Capt. I'eterkii Says that the 1eet Meat in the World Is Raised in South Carolina. (From the Nevm anid Ciuler.) Capt. J. A. Petorkin, the well-known planter from Orangeburg county, was in the city yesterday. le can always say something that is interosting and in structivo in regard to agricultural mat ters. In conversation with a representative of the News and Courier yesterday, Capt. Potorkin said that there was no doubt in his mind that as line tobacco can be raised in South Carolina as in any other State in the Union. The soil and climate and conditions of temperature are all elements in favor of the crop in tu:s State, when it is cultivated with the care that would ordinarily be bestowed 11p011 other crops. Capt. Petorkin also said that there is only one other place in the world, and that is one of the farming districts' llngland, whoro as fine meat can be l duced as in iouth Carolina. The h that we raise here arc slops, are just. slop hogs that are grown anywhere and there is no dilerenee in the Ih of the meat of corn-fed hogs in So Carolina and of corn-fed hogs elsewh< lBit the ordinary fam-raised meat this State is superior to anything of kind produced anywhere else. Our h hero fatten on crabgrass: they I grazers. and the food that they ; make their meat very sweet and of most captivating tIlvor. Our hor raised side meat always has a streak lean and a streak of fat, while the Nort western meat is nothing but a mass fat. The pity of it is that greater attentik is not paid to meat raising by the farm era of this State. In one of his cestaci of souse henry Grady recently exclaim el: ''Why is it we cannot buy now t sweet., old-fashioned country hani? Jad; Sanbel Lumpkin lately sent to ti writer a half dozen from his privt smoke-house of the vintage of 1881, th are simply poems in ashes. Any se respecting pig would have died gladly have b.ei so idealized. In these ham you catch the flavor of the smoke of I half-covered oak chips above which ti drifted with the seasons into perfectio ' ud the red gravy, clear, consistet. flavorous; it is the gravy you used to Iii on your mother's table when you can home from a long day's hunt in the li comber wind. 1 would rather have smoke-houso with its loamy floor, it darkened rafters, its redpepper pods, it festoons of sausage odorous of sage an a hundred such hams suspended betwee earth and roof, like small Mahomets than a cellar of dust-begrimed bottles o. ladleira of '?3." Capt. Peteikin raises his own meat lie thinks that snioko rather spoils it, tltvor, and believes inl curing it aftt another ftashion, winch makes it swee' and tender the whole year round. What Capt Peterkin succeeds in doing on his model farm in Oraiigeburg can likewise le done on eve y other well-conducted farm in this State. When the time come. that every farmer raises his own mea and provisions, then will South Carolina indeed be independent of \Vesten sioi:e-hlouses and Chicago stock l,. WAtY ( N TIlli I. lI.'r . 'o,ng re"sn:um liayttert's I-i.'rte Athtet l' Ithe Jlonoplis (l:rount hii 1'lti'a ielpiaTin iu lepresentative .uynter, of llarylau. in an arguniit recently beolre the coi miittee en 1mianutctures cii his anti-trul monopoly bill, gav0 a very inter.'sti. and incisive prteitation of this sys teiatie loblbery of the people. After showing that time 1dll is comst.itutional under t.be power to regulate comme.ce, 'will you delay," said lhe, "a1 replort u ~pon this b ill ,'ne moen t longer, in view of everything that you kno1(w upon01 these inlfmuouis com3binIations~ to bankrupt priv\e etrise, to depiredlate upon01 It II he bsinless ll tered4 an<l ta l>l a tnier tile peIople (of t his couna t ry ? ThI)ere is nIot a day thIat some1L iniqtousttlt t rust, of this sort is nlot splrinIging to) existenlce. Whlat do1( youi wvant to1 navest igate ? Youl miight as wlinestigalto as to whiet her larceny, lmtor 1hwy robery, or bribery is a benfi1o a(detrlimentl toLI the people. Thiey have nover hesitated to buy Legis latures anId couts whenlever the occa sioni re1lired it andthei opportun1041 Iity pr1esenbt d itself. I pioint to the huistory of tIhe Standard ( )il Company and all the (IthIer trus1ts that are 11>w followinIg inl ''To weal11th of this mIIololy to-daly is onIe hunIdred and1( fifty miillions11 anid still groing.Il The p roit latst year waLs twenl I.y-five nihn of1111 dollhIirs. I . starIted Vtitlih les than1 Ia mlillionl dol1laIrs. low did1( it acqulire the one0 hllmdred and for ty-nin11 illihoas? ~y ai systeml of igh wayrober and1( crim 1su 1ch as noI civilie coun((hItry oughit to tolerate. InI tranlsportationl lnes, rineries~lC am11 pIijpo linIes wereV alli tramledC 11 to deat1h under its mIerciless marchl to Iiggrlandtiz/emenit. "1Look at thle sugar t ruIt to-day. D o you want to inivest igate that? Sallnmoun lIe Ilavemeoyers with their books. Ask th1e11 two que-tionls; firt, whalt was thle vlue o1(f their phlnt whlen th ey went inito the trs 111; secolnd, whaft ar10 theI prlofits th ey are receivinIg ouit ofi it? Wh Iy, the amlounIt ed 1(o sixtheln Ii loIns. TJo-daLy it. is sixty mId iOlls. Anhd thlen wh ent you lare done l with thle Standard ComIlpanly aw111 thle cottonl teed oil trus11t and(1 lie suIgar trIet, take(1 up1 thie rubber1 trust, withI IL CaplihtI of Ii ft.y m11ill ionls of dollars, and1( then1 take up thle lo-ul 1trust anld the Iiiseed oil trust anId the slato) triust, the1 oil clothm, lt , steel and1( scoSrel of oIther trIustli anld comine1111s oIrganlizing daily wyithi all the speedCL they can ini oIrder to1 anut.iiiato anyl actionl oIf Congress ill thle prIntise1s.1. '.l'hio counltry is 10 looking (o Con gress for relIief. Ilazeio malIlgplitiudo (of thle sub jlet and( 1ist11 tol tho voice (If a su1l1ing pe1op)lo1 resoundIling through the homes1( aw11 biness 1C5 cent res of this coIRnI try11( an t hugh the mIediumhi of ant en li ghtenied p ress app11eahnlg to thaeir repire 1Ientaitives to r(eue thleml fronm tIle Iits tltiat have~ ever risedl thieir forus upon01 ouri soil. A lInajority of blothI hiouses of ConIgress are( favorable to act illnI 1and( 1are illpatienIt to get th sub-511 ject iln 1111ap1 to gi ve it promp11t and etYectivo concurIrenlce." niet six hour s. When(1 a lboy gets near1 MR. ItLAINE DECLINES. lie Does Not Want to be Presldent, but Thinks llis Party Will Win. FLORENCE, ITALY, January 25.--To B. F. Jones, Chairman of the Republican National Committee-Sir: I wish through you to state to the members of the Re publican party that my name will not be presented to the National Convention, called to assemble in Chicago in Juno next for the nomination of candilates for President and Vice President of the United States. 1 am constrained to this decision by considerations entirely personal to my - self, of which you were advised more than a year ago. But I can't make the announcement without giving expres sion to my deep sense of gratitudo to many thousands of my countrymen who have sustained me so long and so er r dially that their f'o1"-'' f ,,nad for thll Us t I X yeoars. Ano@er featuI re of' the political situa t.ion shld ( inspire the 1liepublicans with irresistib)le strecngth. Thel present Na tionald Adnministrat ion was elected wvithI, if not upon, repeated1 asslertio)ns of its leading sulporters in every p)rotection1 State that no issueo on the tariff was in vol ved(. Hotwever earnestly tho Repub-Ii licans urged that <iestioni as5 01ne of coni trolling imp)ortanee in the campaign, they were met 1by D)emocratic leadters and journals with persistent evasion, con cLalmenut and denial. Th'lat resource theo President has fortunately remxovedl. Thie issue wich Ropiublicants nmaintainied ando I )cmocrats avoided in 1881~ has bieen prom)inlently anid specificaLlly b rought forwvard b y the Demoecratic President anxd cannot ho hidden out of sight in 1888. T1he counutry is now in the enljoy moent of an induistri system which in a <urter of a century lhas assiured a larger tion and( b roatIer (distibu)tiontl of weal thl than were over before knowni to history. 'The Amtericant people will noi w beI opx-nly anid formally asked to) decido whiethi r thiis system shall be recklessly i aandoni ed and a now~ trial lbo 11nado madeo of an old experimeint, which has uif ornd y led to national embarrassment and wide ispreadl intdividual distres~s. O n thle re sult of such an issue fairly presenitoed to thet p larllt jud1(gmnent there is nio rooml for douibt. One thing only is necessary to assuref0 success, compl1letO ha.rmoiny and14 cordial co-oplerationi (on the part of all mpuibl icans; on the part b oth of those who aspire to lead and of thiose who are eaiger t.o follow. 'The (duty 's niot. one mierely of honorable dlevotion to thle pairty whose record and whose aimis are ahl ke great, buit, it is 11 one einai .dtcd by the iinst.inctt of self-initerest, and b y the stilt higher promp~tings of paLtriotismi. A closer obseorvation of thle conit tions of hifo amluong obtler niationts give oneS 01 a mo,re inten:so dlesire that the Aniericani peopIjle shiall naike no muistaike ini choo sing a policy which inlspires labor iith hiepo and cown~v s it with dioigniity, which gives mafety to capital anid pirotects its increcase, whiichi secures pl)iticadl power to every citizen, coinfort and culture to every home. Toe thIiis endl, not less earnestly amId more directly as private citizen thian as public candidate, I shall dlevotAo my - self with the confident belief that the ainoiist ratioii of tihe (Governmient will bei restored to that p)arty which hias demon strated the purpose andl power to) wield it for the unmty and honor of thet Repub lie and for the prosperity and progress oif the p)eole. I am, verysicrlyou, AM:s (I. Br,AINiE. 'Yaas,'" said youneg Mr. Sissy, suck intg the4 headl of hIs (cine "'mo an1 Anigloma1 nloe, bult only ini a miull forml, y' knaiw. "Yes, 'she responded, by way of keeping~ up the c(onver'satio n; "sort of ani Ang1lo 111. TA LMtAOKE ON VOTIN(. H Thinlk it Wou ln't, ho Muchl l1. for Vom en to Vote--Tho Q ent ton of Tax Iug a Woman's I'roi,erty. "I would like to see all women vote, and watch the result," said the lRev. )r. ''almago Sunday, in his sixth sermon to the women of Amoriea. 1 [is subject was "Wifely Ambition, (iood and Bad," and a groat crowd of people listened atten tively to the discourse. "I do not know that it would change anything for the better," continued the preacher. ''lost wives and dauglters and sisters would vote as their lusbands and fathers and brothers voted. Nearly all the families that I know are solidly ltepublican or I)emoeratie or Prohihi tion. Those families all voting would make mor votes but no diflerence in the result. l'esides that, as now at the polls men are bought up by the thousands, women would be bought up by the thou sands. The more voters the more op portunity for corruption. Ve lave several million more voters now than are for the public good. "We are told that female sutllrage would correct two evils--the rtu iisi ness mid the institliciency of womaln's wages. About the ruin businss I have to say that multitudes of wuoment drink, and it is no tutusu:al thiig to see them(111t inl the restaurants so overpowered wit Ii wine and beer that they c.tn hardly sit up, while there ate many so-ealled re spectalle rest:uirants where tIey catn go and take their (htamltgo tauid hot, tdily all alone. Ilighty temper:tee voters those womuen woutld makE! l;tles tihat, the wives of tlie rutnsellers woilIl litive to voto in the interest of their husbaunds' Ibusiness, or ihave a time the in verse of felicitous. l;esides tihat, nliiliols of re speetable and refinted wonte in Am,teriea wouhl prolbab ly not vote at, all, hr'cause I they do not want to go to the pt lb;, and, u3n the other hinad, wol:tmlly rouilg; i wottld all go ti the polls, tua1 that mightI make Wotnt's votc un the wrong side. There is not in iny uintd tuch prospect t of the exiulsion of drlunkeneu('m:+ by femalo suilfrage. 'As to wotmlatn's wages to lbe cirectdtl by wOnlt's vot', 1 lhave tot uinch fait It in that. Women are hairJer (sit womin than men art'e. itasenhmno eloy1)urs art' metan enough in their ireat mnit oelf woulen, buit if you wanlt to hcar hea:ting duil n of1 prices and wages ini lorf(etion e listeni how some wottcn treat wtshe' womu, attl dressatker's, ald feiile cservants. \lr s. Shylock is more nmrcilees thant \l r. Shy lock. Weitetn, I fear, will never get righteous wages through womlan's vote, and as to unfortttuntte woluilhooti, wo men ale far more rntil aid ttforgiving thanu men are. A iter at womuan has umdle shipwreck of her ebamratctcr men gueers - ly drop her, but. wolmen do not, so mluch drop her as hultI her with the lorce of a catailitl clear out, and ol', and doI, 'titl tiiltler. make a wolnill pay taxes oitt her p rot'tr ty to help t support oity, Slate amttt Ttintlol at government, ttin y( t deny 'her the opportunity of hell'ing (eoidie Who shall b't Mayor, (iovernor or 'President. "Is the wife's atubitiolt the political lrefermuent of Ihcr Iiusbdttl? Then thtat. forstelin realtm is Aierie'nt p'lit i . t!lone' 1bcst know wh Ih)ve dt.Elibbthd in thieii Alter ty ha e ats'- ssol o, muin wlm is t cauthidatc for ("Iliut" wh uitb hu dou , not get, ior" isstsscd hi fit'r sotne oIlic it tained, andl he hatssbeln whirledl round antl rouan std roltlltd ani itu(1ud am 'i, the drinking, smotking, sw'tting eruit who often get coltrol of imibhe tliriis, all that is lIft of Is stl-rt sp t,r 1; ur,t a stamliua woulld lind lentty of rouum on at geotletrical point which is sai l to hive neither lengtth, bremulth or tlihicness. wouttld aiftertwaird havtEe i veit till she in,s-~ sessed21 to get him EnitI. onIce upo)li us its beoi a wifEly aiildI~tIi<> (cons1ecrt dl to r'ighttiou-ntis:,.\As tity her' hteadt heeauitse( i y it. itt public, I life I htave Eotn bIeent I ttEl oft (b,.l, as I thought, Itirun ito) thiE very~ teeth of wihomi I advisedl told mue Ii lterr dirk tandi p istol and po isoif t pI i'erei in ttcinutg certaitt evils of the liay, sideredt'l iL, his ditty Li) take his piac' itt ourl Habtih.itI servies 'u ViIt hforIty' oi CErts aervitont Ito order.l'' bitoi i mysth,m 'Gotlt tahead unteidierg Inot im iEI lnh from voEice: 'U1p, for thtis i I hie clay ini wi;hih IThe W~oIrhl aisser ts LIIit. "fo~ r ai great mtetropohlit city Niw \I EIrk is remarllir abi ly frlEe fro1in eri1tne. Wheni it. is (conl sidere that th ci os al latin pop ulation ofep ful I,t,000 a day,11 who ien'tter well ini htand. Iltilieves wildl seek Ithe soIciety (If cr'ookhed peopile s5 ai rile anda thtoughi his( systemi tio ne1w it' chi thtief cut move abousti townii IwentIy-f utr houtrs andl fail to) bIE kntown. It' t he thsisf is ta stranger htt is brtligltt Iss hsIle pisicei lvy there looked oIver tand p)hoto)grap~hted b,y the Inuspe'ctor's keetn d etecrtivest as '[Tom. lmy 7ilugs. ' To tIYet of . inspeictorI Sy rtnes's system is seen antud felt, buItt hius mtethoeds tre fttlly knowni to Ill onte but tdetective is ti str'ottg faictor in the life of every thief." se51 ntiet fuavoed makittg te campa~t:ign ini Eoutilt, thei laittter fEature's bintg givent pre c:edencoe. Wh iile nlo I slitial exism ssiont was given, it was lauin that thee as a ( str'ong teelinlg in fav~or' of pushtinig 1',x Setortii I'rarr ion asldin'scnddtefr.h HONOR TIHE I!FRMEBN. Show Them the Respect They so Right fully l)eserve. ((eorgo Ii. Sargent in the Epoch.) It has been said that there is nothing about which the American will not joke, and it may be aflirmed with equal truth that there is nothing in life too serious to be ridiculed by the American news pprr. So when it is noc the sleepy policelan, or the mother-in-law, or the tipsy husband who comes home late at night , it is the Americar farmer who is miade the butt of ridicule. One can Mount on the lingers of one's hand those / jonriials which discriminate in their eel tuins hetween legitimate humor or wit, m(1 that ill-timed levity which malies "fun" at the expense of higher and bet er things in our natures. I am glad to e that the E:poch is one of the carefully di t.ed papers. This subject may seem trivial, but it s more important than appears at first ;ight,. Not that the ridicule of the press viii injure the farmers of tho country, ,tit the constant harping upon the nytlical ignoranco and lollies of this ;Iss hits a tendency to place more rigid >arriers between the city and the coun-f ry and create caste. And if anyone. ;unsiclers this result ilosiralb!o, let hinf ell us how much caste hjis helped Indit? 11 her prlrcs. So lung as the country villages and the ural districts furnish the boys to make he mnerciints and bankers and railroad nagnates of the city, every true Ameri -an should scorn to speak derisively of Ill i agricultural population. One thing is needed in this country td tihat is, ani increased appreciation of ie real value of patient, plodding toil. he av erage man has somehow formed lie idea that there is something very tilierous in the eftorts of men content itli tilling the soil, and working quietly mid honbly in the lowly fields of useful ae, as individwals, and as a nation, let d a better atpp reciation of the Amen 'an farmer's life and labors. The time VIa, pierhiaps, when it was thought that t c at brains enough to be a farm but tilt time, in this country at e,: t, i" pist. Any useful class of citi re.;s Worlcing for the advancement of mur naitin:al welfare is not a proper sub jet for ridicule; and the low humor tvhiici iinds for its object our agricultur il librers is not the h.!bt matter with wlichi t exlpind our literature. It is the dity of the press to do all in its power to elevate and aid the farmers, ad i o sprei right ideas concerning itheir social anid intellectual position, and not to belittle them. There are many who do not care what they write. They 1imi to construct ''readable" articles re taridles of principle. Bilt surely we oughit to expect better thingt of our great" metropolitan papers, which, from t!eir ctircution of and their occasional r0egnition of higher things, are styled - "rtrei(sitative American journals." A 2 1iT.1T) L Ml)1T Ki1't) IIrae I' I'ornert, tlu+ Notorious Train Itoh heor, Sielt I)own by a )eputy Sherift. Sr. Lnis, February 14.-Brack (Jon ntIt., het.tUr known as c pt"ain Dick, the dcperaido and leader of the notorious I laini rohcheris, wias shot and killed yester Iy a fternoon w hile resisting arrest by sho f Alke, of 'Trio county, 'Texas, t Iittt tn iiles vest of P'earsall Station, oi t. it I uturiaitional and Great Northern I t ~tilad. ( rnett wias a noted outlaw and ita ar or two ago organized a band if horse thieves or "'rustlers," as they ai Caltled iii the Southwe,t", for the pur p os of rulbiing express and mail trains ti T1exas. hlIir first exploit occurred on the Sot hierni l'acilie liad at F'latoniia, TVex., iln the sprinig of 1887, in which they 'ti red noiltiher, express, mail tnor passen gers. Thiey realiizted abiout $(i5,000 in ex<hil iand (thter property, onei item beinig >15,1(0 worthc of1 diamondttt jewelry be Ioniguig to ano Laserni firm. T1wo weeks hiuter thety catur tted a traiu at McNeil, on the I tternatcitinl andi (Great Northern cO>al, andi iltenredl about $h8,000t from I hce txpcress, lhe muiiil and1 the passengers. A ft er tis rtobb1ry hirgo rewards wore ci lere for I thle tarrtest tif the gang by W\el l, liu-go and the IPacio ic Exprecss complJ ani is tintd tho SouthIern Paitic amnd\ lc IItrntiosicti andi (1retat N"orthcern R~ail troatd , tandc tilso by thle Stateo(f Texas, and grteat eilots wverce nidol. to. capture the gantg, luilt withocut sutctess. Governor I l.aii, oIf Texas, too)1k a very active inter tst mi the mcatter. Thec gantg next struck i Irin iioni ihe T. '1xas and Pacelii, wo1t (If ic cr1. Wothli, andc secured valuacble booty fin>m thet exprestt~s car. Tlhe desperadloes thtn spl1it tiy totr a whiile, bult sooni after retorgiticzild iitil ctommtencecd oplerations atgain mltcir tiheir othl leader, (captain I >iek, attt pouncedl do(wtn on a Scouthern IPc iI ili ti seictnd timoe. Since then tic'y ihacvi b eeni scudding utnder bare poh- c andtct e'ininig from pIce to phico to Uwey (on. ofi t. ho1 cintchies of thte ollicers, whoi ha ve recetlty bieen clositig ini around ('ornett had( been at Alice's ranch the evencincg lie iore, hadtt tent supper there andi t hict di isap1 pearedl. N ext muoring lhe ho wed ny i fort bireaikfast and was given a mheal. AlteIr eiat.ing lie took a chair in the yardt Icy aI campll-fire. Al(eo ap proche him and demandedIitlthl that he thrtow utp his hlandts. (Cornett replied, "Theic yout say," arnd firedi at Alie wciithi his left handit, tile bail passing tihroutgh Alien's hat. Alle then fired andit cotinueid tiring for foutr successive Ii nws, putI ting it bree shtst inito vital parts of Corncett's boday. All four shots took tect. (Xm net ittaaged to fire a second shtt, ihct miised his mark. Allee is a I )ep ut.y Shieril of ~ Trio county and has bleen enigaged itn several scrimmages of this kindu, butt lbe has never beOfore re eeeivedl the pclauIdits of the peopl)1 to the extenit hte is ttow receiing thiem,i Wtire ptrepared to sc11 Pianos and Organis oif the best make at factory pirices for Cash or easy Instalments. iantios from i8210) up; Orgatns from $24 tip. T1he vertict (If the people is that Ltlly c'an saive te fr ight anid twenty-five pier cent. b y buying (if us. Instruments delivered to anyl d1epot oni fifteen (days' trial. We pay freight both ways if not antisfactory. Order and test in your o'cni htomiet. R'esp)ectfully, N. WV. 'TRUMP, Columbia, S. C. TILere is nolt so1 much(1 faliure to be chatlrged1 iI) "oI Iti " iicIC t to bad tmaement.