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714 k VOL. XV. PICKE;NS, S. C., TIIURSI)AY, JUL Y 8, 1886. N O. 41 iOUN''AIN MEAD)OV. ONE OF T1E ATiiOCIll: t'iEis of THEj WEOT. A Story Thrillihgly Iteiold--Nenrly One Hun dred Emigrante Ilatughtcred iand $70,W0Xl Worth of Property Stolei.-The Bodien Ilorrl. bl,y Mutilated, Itc. In a work relating to Indian history, by J. P. Dunn, Jr., recently published by the Harper's, the author gives a vivid and authentic sketch of the atrocious Mountain Mcadow massacre, the thought of which excites burning indignatiol to-day, although nearly thirty years have passed since this dark stail nin Anmeriean annals. As illustrating the savage spirit which incited this horrible crime, the - writer quotes from at sermonit of Brigham Young, published in the Desertet N ews just prior to the wholesale murders. Young tells his congregation: "I could refer you to lots of instances where men have bcen righteously slain in order to atone for their sins. I have seen scores and hundreds of people for whom there would have been a chance (in the last resurrection there will be) if their lives had been taken and their blood spilled on the ground as a s moking incense to the Almighty, but who are now angels to the devil until our elder brother, Jesus Christ, raises thom up, comners death, hell and the grave. it is I rue that the blood of the Son of God was shed for our sins, but men commit sins which it can never remit." It was during the zeal which Young thus wrought among his fanatics thiabt the massacre occurred. I)uring the suim mer of 1857 Captain Faneher's train, numbering fifty-six men and sixty-two women amid children, most of whom were from northern counties of Arkansas, at tempted to cross the moumtains en romte to California. At Salt Lake City the train was joined by several disalfected Mormons. In the train were thirty good wagons, as many mules and horses and 600 cattle. Their route lay through southwestern Utah, wiere the Mountain Meadows are located. In these meadows they camped on the 4hm of Septemiher. Here i, the national divide. They were on the edge of the Pacific slope. They just began to realize their hopes, for they could almost look over into Cali nia, their "promised land." On Monday morning, September 7, as they were gathered about the camp fires, at volley of musketry blazed from the gulley through which rin the stream that watered the meadows. Seven of the ex pectant travelers were slain amd sixteen wounded at the first fire. The men luid been frontiermen too long to BECOME PANIC STICKEN. The womn and children hurried to cover and the men returned the fire, much to tho surprise of the masking assailants, who had expeeted to enjoy an unrcsisting massacre. The assailants wore mado up of Mormons masked as Indians of Palm, Utter, Upper Pi-Eads and Lower Pi-Eads, and all led by John D. Lee, a Mormon elder. The response that the bloody wretches received to their fire drove them back amid they sent after reinforcements, and while waiting for the same amused themselves by pitcheing quoits, and occasionally shootinlg the cattle and firing upon the watons, which f the travelers had to draw arounid them as a barricade and defenso. On Wed nosda y I, young ailln iaimed Adei, a soni of a Kcntfticky physician, together with a companion, succeeded in eluding the vigilance of the masked savages and get ting out of the meadows on their way to Cedar City, where they hoped to sceie aid. At Richards' Sp rings they miiet three Cedar City men, William C. Stew art, Joel White and Benjamin Arthur. As they stopped to wEater their horses, Stewart SHOT AND RILLEfD A DEN, and White attempted to kill thie coml panlion, but11 succeeded only ini wounmding him, when lie escaped anid miiade hits way back to eamnp. His report lilled thme emigrantsi with despair. Aden's father wats knJownVl to haveW saLvedl the life of a Mo)rmoni bishop, and yet his son had been assassinated by a M~or'mon. Already they haid pieced "the fEmlsks worni by many of their assailant,s to discover thait they were white imn-were ind(eed Mor muons, fifty-four in number. The indi.anms numbered 200. The besieged prepared a statement of their dlesperate c2oditioni, giving as their belief thant the Mernions were their real besiegers, directing it to Masons, Odd Fellows aind leadiing religi ous5 denominations. With this statement they dispatched three of their best scouts, directing them to California. The scouts dud not succeed in eluding the vigilance of the murderers. Tlhmey were rn down by Ira Hatch, a Mormon anud a leader oEf a band of Indians, in the SaImnta Clara .mountains. Two OF TEM wERE MUnIDERiED) as they slept and the thiird was wounded, and a few days afterwaird asassimnated. While thme Mormons were awit ing re inforcements they knelt and formed a prayer circle and asked for divine giuid anice. After prayer one of their leaders, Mayor Hligbee, said: "I. have the evi dence of God's approva~'El of ouri i ssinon. It is (God's will thamEt we carry out our in structions to the letter." In carrying out these instructions thley found it necessary to minake use of the basest treachery. This they did by nmeanis of a white flag bornio by Lee andl Willianm Batemani. "Tlhecy represented to the be sieged that thme Indians were terribly ex cited and thirsted for revenge bieause of the 107s of somne of their cattle, and they * romeaN protectioni to the emigrants if they wouta unIconiditionialhy surrender. There was r.o alternative. Tihe supplies of the emigrants were giving out, and inasmuch as the Mor'imons were the only * white people mn Utah, thnere was nio hope for mercy from any other source The terms were a1ccpted, and1( on thie mor-n ing of F"ridaEy,; September 11, they gave -up all their gus and ammunition, and1( then placed(5 themselves wholly in the power of those whose appetite for blood shed had but just been whetted. They mamehta out from behind THEuiRl BiRRuICADES., The scene that followed is tihus die scribed by Mr. Uunn, "It is just afternoon and the (lay is bright and clear. Tramp, tranmp, tramp, they march down from time campin)i ' place. 'rho mcii reach the militia ana give three hearty cheers as they take their placca, nmurderer amid victim, side by sidec. Tramp, tramp, tramp. The has sorved as a screen for the Mormon and Indians for the pst week. A ravor flies over them croaking. What called him there? Does ho foresee that h( shall peck at the eyes of bravo men and gentlo women who are looking at hii The wagons with the wounded and clil dron are passig the hiding place of the Indians. How quietly they lie among the gnarly oak bushes! But their eye~ glisten and their necks stretch out to see how soon their prey will reach theml. The women are nearly a quarter of a mile behind the wagons, and the men are much further behind tho women. A lndf-dozen Mormon horsemen bring up the rear. Tramp, tramp, tramp! The wagons have just passed out of sight over the divide. The men are entering a lit tle ravine. The women are OPPOSITE TlE INDIANS. They have regained confidence, and several are expressing joy at escaping from their savage foes. Sec that man on the divide. 1t is Higbee. le makes a motion with his arm and shouta some thing which those nearest hin under statnd to be 'do your duty.' In an in stait the militia men wheel and each shoots the man nearest him. The In diamns spring from their ambush and rush upon the women; from between the wagons the rifle of John 1). Lee cracks, and a wounded woman in the foremost wagon falls off the seat. Swiftly the work of death goes on. Leo is assisted in shooting and braining the wounded by the teamsters, Knight and McCurdy, and its the latter raises his rifle to his shoulder lie cries: '0 Lord, my God, re ceive their spirits; it is for Thy kingdom that I do this.' " The tomahawk, and blidgeon, and knife soon completed the bloody work begun by the bullet, and in a few minutes after IIigbee's signal not a man or woman was left alive. Two girls were missing, and were soon found concealed in some neighboring bushes. Two of the Mormons-and Lee was one of them-dragged the trembling and IAnF DEAD GIRLS from their place of concealment and ravished them, then Lee ordered them killed by the Iudians. An Indian chief ohjeeted, saying "they were too pretty to kill; let us savo them." While this objection was being made Lee held one of the girls on his lap. She threw her arms around his neck and implored for her life, promising she would love him always if he would but let her live. His answer was to push her head back with one hand, when, with the other hand clasping a bowie-knife, he cut her white neck through to the spine. ''his finished the slaughter as awful as were the Sicilian vespe,. The bodies, horribly mutilated, wer. left upon the teadows a prey for wolves ..nd buzzards for weeks, aunl it was net until some months had elapsed that the whitened bones were gathered together and buried. Sixteen or seventeen children, ranging in age from a few months tc eight years, were divided up among the Mormons, and so was $70,000 in propcr ty which the emigrants possessed. Tlie little children were subsequently secured by Gentiles and restored to Arkansas, but the "strong parental government' has never compelled the cut-throats tc disgorge the $70,000 and restore it to thc sURvIvOns OF TnE MASSACRE, most of whom have always been in des periate cneed of it. A strange sequence to the awful nas sacre is the fact that Mouitain M[eadows, from being a verdant spot in 1857, in. viting the fatal halt and rest of the emi grants, has become sterile and barren, literally the abode of desolation. The only atonenient ever offered for the crime was the shooting of John D. Lee at the scene of the nIassaucI onx Marchi 23, 1877, nearly twenty yeaxrs after the crime was conulnittedi, and after he had confessed that on that bloody occasiomi lhe hiimself took five lives. The resp)onsib)ility for the erimoe was at every Mormoni ofhicial's door, and Birighani Young was their chief. Thxey oughxt to have all swung for it. President Jfohin Taylor, Georgo Q. Cannion and other Morimin leaLders ought nowv to be arrest ed amid tried, not for polygauxy, buit for the Mouninx Meadow mnassaucre, andl ought to be hung. They coul all be conivictedl of b)eimig accessory, not only after, but before the fact. 1x Lnger neer an litO,xicnt 1 A stonie cutter, whiose office adjoined his stone-yard, was seated in his offico when a friend cx' -'M upon01 him, and they dliscussed severah topics together, among them thme question an to what extent lager beer was an intoxicant. Tfhe stone cutter mintinied that beer was not in. toxicatinig, while his friend mainitainedl the opposite. The stone-cutter saidl, there is a man at work in the y'ard (pointing to a brawvny-chiested German) who could drink a bucket (three gallons) of beer at one sitting and feel niono the worse for it. The friend doubted, aind a wvager was made and the workman caled, who when asked if he could drinuk thatt bucket (pointing to a large water bucket) full of beer at on1e sitting, re plied: "'Veil, I don'd know; I lets you kno1w iafter' a vile." Thie German went away, and after ren'o.ining fiteen inuites, returnled, and( said: "'Yes, I can tr-ink dot peer." The bucket of beer was prcue and placed before the Ge mxan, wvho very soon1 ab)sorbed the last diropl, amid arose fxomi hxisiseat, wip)ing his mouth wvit.h his sleeve, and wats walking away with a firm step, rhxen his employ er recalled hximx anid sai,l to hxim; ''See here, my13 frienid, anmd I 'mive some curli osity to know why youl did not drink the beer whlen you were first asked." Thel GAermani re lieod: "VYell, I don'dl knowv dot I conh. tinkil it, so .1 vent out und trinik a bumcked, deni 1 kniow I could (do it. "--WV., ini Har')er's Maugazinc for July. Mr. Warnxer Miller is very much alarnmed about the rice biirds. ThIey axe, he thinks, destroying about .$ worth of rice for every acre raised. A t is a illik strange, if this be0 so, that the Henxators fromt South Carolina and L~ouisiania md not come to tbme front. According to th best of our recollection, the State of New York is not inxuchx given to the pro (luction of that ceireal. As a general thinig, local interests are looked after 1)3 those who are supposed to have som<1 first.hxand knowledge of the subject, .lorhiaps Mr. Miller will take in Land alligator fences, and that hereaftor onm 'of the Palmetto or Magnolia Senaton will lo1k aftm. wocxa -1Ip .rni~g AMONGa TiM, F. F. v. A Ginnrc at the Mosde of ,ife of timo Ole-t V'rt;lnin FanmllieN. (From the Philadelphia Timem.) Virginia's "first families" can le found all over the State, but nowhere in such lurity an(1 antiquity as in Staflord coun ty, the home of Governor Lee. The county is not very large and by no incans prosperous, but it stands first as the ox ponent of all that is convoy(xl by the ex pression "F. F. V." Nearly evry fami ly beo can trace its origin by lineal des,eu to the first English settlers, while not a few can speak of their great great-grand-fathers and granndmothers as lord and lady so-and-so. ''he county is named after the famous earl of Stalord, and not a few of its people are descended from the family of that nobleman. lBe fore the war these peoplo lived in the style of nobility, if without its name, and now that the course of events has reduced their means they preservo Eng lish customs in all except the splendor which only wealth can afford. In the first place, each family has its little domain, and, however small, it has an imposing English name, just as if it were an earldom. Somerset, Richland, Aberdeen, Lennox and Vayiide are a few of the names of small farm houses nestling in the Staflord pines and sur rounded by thousands of acres of par tially cultivated lands. These houses are frame, generally two stories higi, and the poorest of them is surrounded by a lawn, through which runs one or more carriage drives. One would expect to see castles when coining in view of the beautiful lawns and the centuried oaks, and would feel disappointed at the little white houses at the end of the drives; but there is a sort of rustic harmony in the picture after all. Seated in the veran dals at evening and looking out on the oak-canopied swards, you woul forget the absence of the castle, and, if you were an Englishman, fancy yourself amidst the lime trees on one of the grand old estates across the water. THE iOME OF (;OVE1XOR LEE. The former home of Governor Lee is called Richland. 1t is like all the estates in the county-a two story frame house, a large lawn and several hundred acres of anything but rich land. Here the Governor's ancestors have lived for hun dreds of years. Of course, the Lees can trace their descent to titled Englishmen; at least, all books of heraldry make it out so. At a distance of a few miles is Somerset, the home of the Moncure family. The present Mrs. Moncure is a granddaughter of the famous Lady Spotswood, whose portrait hangs in the capitol at Richmond. This family la lived in Stafford county for nearly two hundred years. All its deceased mem hers are buried in the graveyard at A<plia church, and a tablet near the pulpit cou tains the rather royal inscription: ''Si.cred to the memory of the race of Moncure."' There are about one hun dred and fifty members of the family in the county. The women, taken all in all, are the most beautiful the writer has ever seen within the same area. They seem to have inherited in a renarkalble degree the queenly beauty of Lady Spotswood and some of them bear a close resemblance to her portraits. The Waller family, a little further up at Wayside, is related to the Lees and trace their origin to the same source. The first of the Scott. came to Stailord from England to take charge of A<iimia church. le was one of the u1nfcrtunate class known as nob lemen's sois, and was assigned, as is usually the case, to the ministry. One of his descendants is Congressman W. L. Scott, who passed his boyhood on the Stafford hills. Mr. Scott, has not forgotten his old home ammidost his Pennmsylvanija millions. A few mlonths ago lie sent twelve hundred dlollars to the pastor oif Aquia church for the purpose of repairing the old build iing, and is now contempldat.ing a trip to the home of his (disti nguished ancestors. The names of imI1 the families who have lived in the county since the ante-lievo hutionary days would fill a half columnn of the Times, and although they cannot all claim titled progenmitors, they are thle very first of the "F. F. V." sOMit NONSENs1E ALL1(oiTh. A great deal of nonsense has 1bieen written about these "'first families." They are usually represented as thiftless, vaina and scornful to all outside the magic cir ele of their society. They lack, it is true, much of the energy andb geahetadi tiveness of the Northern man, lbut it miust be remuember'ed that most of those yet living were brought up und~er condi tions that paralyzed energy. With lar'ge estates am(t hxmudreds of slaves they had no motive for exertion, and now that the war has swept away all their wealth, they nmst change their very natures before they ean become the pushing business men who build up connunities. The new generation is growing upl quite dlif ferent, and it is more than likely that when they come to the fore the Virgiia farmer wdil no longer let. his acres lie useless or half cultivated. The fact is th at thme landholders in Stfflord counmtty are yet in a dazed state over the result's of the wvar. They cani hardly realize the chanmge, or if they have they think it is too late in life to start out afresh. As to the ''proud, scornful women' of the "F. F. V.," it is a >ity to strike a b)low at the pictures which have beeni drawn b~y imnaginaitive writers, and which have leng b)een regarded as geanine in the North, still thme pictures habve no0 p)rototypesi in real life. Everyone has read those fanciful stories about richl and cultured Northerners siucing for the hand of poor Virginia. grirls and b ieinig refused, solely because they (lid not lbe long to the "'F. F. V." These are veriest boshl. Here among the very oldest Vir' ginia families there are many marriages every~ year 1iween Northern mien and Stathord women and vice versa. Th'le society line differs from that in the North only in t'w narticular, that heric we'alth without culturue is insuhicienit to gain enatrance s'u& society, wyhile ini oitheri places it is somieiimes qmlte Siutaicient. On the other hauid, culture, even if un accompllanied with a dollar, will openi to a nimn the best houses in the county, pr'ovidig, of course, that lie hasni the usual r'ecomiilmdation of r'espectability. Littlhe Willie praiyed long and( ineffectu ally for a little brothier. At lust he gave it up as 'no uts(." Seen after his mother had the plea'urec of showing him twin ha bules. I Ie looked at them a moment and then exclaimed: '"Ilow lucky it was that I stonned praying! There miight have been T III: iE 1EN WIlEI(1 IPIA)QI'Ez( IE WA HIEAD IN ('O.NGR EMS. Per1otal ('hiarneter.,icl of l'atrick hienry 1InmIlton, Lee, WVebmter, ('lay, anid Sergenn IS. l'renut iee. (lien. Perley l'oore, in the Chaulnujiu, n.) Patrick IIenry, the great Virginia ora tor, called in his day "the D)eno:t1ene of America," is decribed as having beer nearly seven feet high, w itlh a slight sto1) of the shoulders, his complexioi dark, sunburned and :adlow. his fore head high, his blueisl-gray eyes over hung by heavy eyebrows, an( his month and chin indicative of firmness. li delivery was natural and well-timed, and his manners were dignified. He spokc with great deliberation, never recalling or recasting sentences as he went along, nor substituting a word for a better one. His voice was not remarkalble for it. sw'eetness, but it was firm, and ho never indulged in conltinuioius and deafening v(ciferat ion. Everv schoolbov is familiar with his wonderful appeal to Congress to ofl'er armed resistancte to (ireat Britain, ending, "( ive me lil)erty, or give me dci it I. l;ichard henry Lee, measured by the classic standard of oratory, was the Cicero of the Continental Congress. The cultivated graces of his rhetorie, we are told, received and reflected beauty by their contrast with his colleague's gr"an(dt er efl'usions, his polished periods rolling along without effort and filling the car with the lmlost exquisite harmny. Samuel Adams, of Massachusetts, who had been known as -'the great incen diary'' in New England politics, became the guiding intellect of the Congress. Yet it does not appear that either lie or his colleagues took a prominent part in the debates-wise counsels, perhaps, ac eolplisling as much ';s eloquence. He was at that time fifty years of age, and his form was slightly bowed, while hit long locks wore gray, but his clear blue eves flashed with the fire of youth, and courage was stamped on ever y feature. Alexander Itamilton, of 1ew York, small in stature, possessed a mind of im mense grasp and unlimited original re sources, of such rapid thought that ht seemed at times to rea(h his conclusionm by a species of intrition. He would catch the principle inivolved in a discus sion as ift by instinct, and adhere rigidls to that, quite sure that thereby the (IC tails were certain to be right. Rufui King, one of his colleagues, was the pos sesaor of an uncommonly vigorous mind highly cultivated by study, and 1( spoke with dignity, conciseness an force. Ilis arguments were so logicall arranged that as they had convinced his they carriel conviction to others. John Rutledge, of South Carolina was probably the most cultivated orato in the Continental Congress. II is ideas Ramsey tells us, were clear and strong his utterance rapid but distinct; hi voice, action and energetic manner o speaking forcibly impressed his senti ments on the nunds and hearts of Il who heard him. At reply he was quick instantly comprehending the force of i objection and seeing at once the bes mode of weakening or repelling it.. During the first. fifty years of the ex istence of the ''Senate and House of Representatives in Congress Assembled,' und''r the Constitution, there were n verbatim reporters, and the Congressioi al orators poured forth their 1reiatling thoughts and burning words in polished nd eloifuent language. ]Iusiness wa t.ranisacted ini a coniversatiional manner, and wh eni set speeches were occasionmall~ made they were listened to with attA!n tion. The first written speech read in thme United States Senate was by the lHon. Isaae H ill, of New Hamipshire,a fuim suppmorter of Gten. ,Jackson. Wit about half through lie suddenly lost the thread of his dhiscouurse and stopped, evi diently emlbarrassed. 11 is svife, whio sal ini thme gallery almost directly over hini, comprehended the situation, and said in a voice heard all over the Senate Cham her, "'Mr. Hill, you've turned over two' leaves at once." J][o inmmediately coi' reted his mistake and proceeded with his remarks amid a roar of laughiter'. D)aniel Webster was not ani extempo. raneou s speaker', an d h)e al ways priepared hiim~self with great care for his speeches in the Senate and his arguments before lie Supreme Courti. Always careful about his per'1sonail apupearaince when he was to addi'ess an audience, lie used, after lie had reached the zenith of his faime, to wear' the eiostumie of the Bi'itish Whigs--a luie dress-coat with brightl buttons, a 1buitl waistcoat, bldack trousers, and a high, white ci'aviat, with a stand inig shirt collar. A min of comnmandling prese~nce, with a well knit, sturdy frame, swvarth y features, a 1broad, thioughitful forueed, courageous eyes gleanmig fronm beneath shaggy eyebrnows, a quanidrang ular br'eadthm of jaw-honce, and a month which bespoke strong will, lie stood1 like a sturdy IRouidhead sentiniel on giuard Ibefore the gates of the Const ituition. hlolding in pi'ofounid conitempit what is termied sprnemmd-eagle orr tory, hiis only gesticulations were up)-and(-dlown motions of his right arm, as if lie was 1heating ouit with sledge hiaiimiers his forcil e ideas. 1Ilenry Clay was fiormed 1by nature for a popuiir orator. IIe was tall and thin, with a rather small hlad and gray eyes. Ifis nose was straight, his upper lip longf aini his under jaw Ilit . Itlis month; of generous width, straight wihmen lhe wai silent, and curvinmg iup at tIhe corniers at he sp oke or smailed, wais singulairl y wini ling. Whien lie enchanuited lar'ge audi ences his features were lighted up by pliasing smile, thle gistuiires oif his longii arms0 weie griaciful, mand thet genith aicenuts of his imellow~ vo(ice wer'e perisua sive and winning, or terril e in anger, II is fi'ieiids were~ legion'i, andii t hey chmiig to) hiim with uinyinig affe(ctionu, while hi! ~Johmn Quincy Adamis wi'ote ini his diary that the ''oratorical enii'ounters hemt w~eei Clay and Calhioun are lilliputian miieri' of th e orations against Ctesiphon and fl< Crown or the debate of the second P.huil lippic."' caly the most eloi uient man whlo evel addiressed the United States H ouse of Repr'ieentatives. A carpe(t-bagger1 fi'oi Mame, ho wvent to Mississippi poior aiii friendless, and not only became foremost among her sons, but acquired a national ronutaltion. ho wa imtico1 ja re rk. presenting t reltiar1lible exaleldO in which great. ogical powrs tuid itlhe most, vivid ilnaginationi wtre happily blended. As Dryden said of lalifax, he was a man "'Of' pier"cin..; wit and p re'1:n:t though. it, l Iduid Iy naturii :anl by lI:niiig taught T o nIOVe at.sernbheIs. ' The great secret of his oratorical success was his ret:nless. le necer secimedl at a loss for anll ep igritln or it retort, itil his ulnrompltu sptecebes. were the becst. 'Tomats Corwin, of Oh io, wats noted for his himiorois sp ect'l:-, especially one inl which he :ereilessly ridieid( ia ltw\yet hohling a imillitia' Conunission, whIlo had tideirtakeI to criticisc the nar t ial exploits of (len. 1 ttarrisonl. .it was with himiu, liowecver. it subject of regret that, he liad ever said it funnily thing in debate, and lie used to advise his young friends never to make hIutnorousl speech vs. "A numa,'' said lie olne day, '"must be funny or wise. You will rise higher inl the long run to be wise. This repu tation of mine for lnuiior hianlgs ilolt my neck like the body of death. it is the Nemesis which wicl1 haunt me to my grave. Shun it, while you aty." Stephen A. I )ougltss was at short, thick-set 11in, w\ith a iflorid, cleain-shavenl counteliale, and a Iervoiis manner. whieh made him i atitrutive to fieind awt1 foe, and gained for him tlu sobnri<illt of 'The Little Giant." -1 Ilis mind was capa ble of ' rasp ing, ultidyzitg and oitcilat ing the mlost abl stract and dillicult slb jects. lie had at deep-tomi.d voice, and his gestures were energetic and some what graceful. We may not have thlet equals of Pat riek 1-lenry, Samuel Adamis, John ]:ut.letle, W\Tebster, Clay, Callhounn or I1reiil:;ss, 1 it s a iwhole the Congpressioallil orator of to-day is far superior to flut ofl the near. or the distant, iast. Verbatitu repotirt ing has provedt a great iinjury to ('ol gressional oratorv. In ti ollli tue the Senators itnid Replrsettat i:'s w\"ould listen to those who w\ere 5] ueaki ii with the attentiol of assentlt:at1t s of traii ed critics. When verbatim re.ots of the debates were made and pin1te, tIst Congressional listeners were no o'ger to be found. A Senator or l,piresei(tI who had carefully prep1atrtd hiiniself w\"ould, as he l coinncieed his tetth, see his audienlce eng a'id ill eVeIV other way than listening to his aceceiits. Sie would Ile iin groups chitting, other" would be reading newspap:tels or books, and the rest inditing eptistles or d;irec ting public documents to thuir coistit uet its. It wouild be diflicult for him to saiv what he laid intended were thui'rc nt inottier stin-ilus by which his tongic tnd his - pati ice were r.niderted int''h:aulstiible i theu reflection th1at a lthou~lh his w\ordls - were falling lifeless il,ntl te cars of his ,ostensible audient' thtey wodit be r1:tatl hby atteitive ^iomstitutnt"s at ittlme. It is l to them that speeces in Contgr - s luave y been addressed since the introductiont of ,1 verbatim reporting. Coir 1111 N wI w"ere nlot(ed for thecir eltt'ttaenct' up ttill" homo stu1mip havte iloiundt'eI fhi through r written pla:titude'; at the cit itol, oftetn , prepared for thim by somae journ:tlist for , it sttetion. Co1111icls:tt i(il. T ilE, IiA t14.1 1 1'oo 11"'O 1". lit, i,( at Fir,( .\ntn..iu; --Then r G4.1. D1h-unk1 and i, C'artedl 11(1me.. :vey city in 1L(2 country 1nnbl, among its inliahiists a (La,s of indiv"idit ails known as wliskey Iotl. ofhe whiiskey toet, is it very dtcet t ;ort of it peson until I get: driunk, aid i hin if house sutldenly fell on him lie woill not be missed. \hien lie loads hitislfl with nll alcoholic stinilatt he likes to stand ii it har room aind recifc jiot iy to anl adhmiring atnd ihuh>tlts cro\\ wi:\ lieb dividel fthe'itr apr'eciatilt letw n li the l dinks het psia for toold his flights of funcy. On such ocioniis the wliuskt-y piott soars fari tip inito fh lu iie empynivl an iaid sniatcheis lire fitomi ft' stars, aiut as' a general thiing reit'ies soie little poein of his own, wh ich is veiry had, atil thlien explinis the beauiy of th'e thought, which is a good deal worse'. lie is inever att his lest, hiiwever, unf il lie expresses fto his eoiiouitis itesr to know the rtiie oif thle atuthier of sit antonuymious poemi whichl lie italai':s ti im thea Enmglishi :tugiiige, miil fthei pi:o coeds to littunch fthe poiteni in a gnlvt uiit mea'usutred tonie. ]Iis lilmneor is solemiin, his eycs reek with saidneiss, iand hiis ge's tuires are like those of it man1 whio than!ks that this wor1 is a liirdl :tiil hit er piill. When lhe finishies fthe reitati n hei w nits e'x<1tisife. Theii crowd, tif couro~t, swa thit it is the swe't-st thiing tht ve smo(te theuiir earis, maid thon li in- whi.sk;iv poeat, enithutsedt by their i-ofhuisiamoz, dhis sects the poem0, takles iftt p:i its it we-re, picks out the paithlos, u bih h e ochu-l ies goes' str'aight to the heat, liows hosw true to life it is, how it miotve. thu soul, and finally he weeps andu iiohb, t te har keep)er to ist out on1ce muor e t c lie of inspiration. At first the whtiskey pout is rathier amunsimig, hut ini the couriie oif time lie gets as dlruiik as fte proverb,iatli boiled owl, jumlesi( his poetry in at mautitdl in waly itind be0omeis so gitf i-f rikeni mal idiotic that his f'riendiis reahi litli the -e-es sity o)f caurting. hiim til' fti his homtie iin oirderi to preCvent hlimiaingiib inito the' emi braice of the 1t polic. t'iintiery tain<ol,nke-pitt rte. If there is one thing more11 fihan aniothi er calculated fo sluaie dowih to ttferiing remananit of faith which is still lift to flit norhltt it is fte re-warc'thes' of rt-sftess iarehieologists. G eneriaf itins of it' lih strangier-s tn .tinug ftiiusual triuta tf Avon hiave exttemilt't thir i igrimuaig -to Shiotteiry, andi aftir gaizitig at flit ttige whuire Anine lliauny wea hithf-rto horni, woord-i antd wtn htauv ;ton at-ayi the a-p ot whit-rt ~Shaikespe ar was takiti n i ust ias any tIitert nuti iiiglit lualvi iscovers5 tluit Williaii Shiaxpero' ituirtid Annieii Whliatu'ley, of Templte ( ;ratftonu, andtu ixplins that liy a "'curitus mtonomyiii~ (onuitnton to the iiiu's" Wiuttilhy is ilirl. ly a fiuny wtty o)f I lathiawaty, where'as I hence Shitttery haes motthinig to (to with Mrs. Shiakespeta'e. Nohody gains any thing biy the disc'ver'y, if it is ont'; bt, Ion the otheri hiandt, comm-on dleceniy dIi. inmnds fthiat it should have 1been left hid-' tden till thie pint conlcering the ideinti tyr of Shiakespearo and Bacon lias been fnally cleared nn.-Pau Mai Ga.tte A 1i'1T0ni1C HIORN. Which Colonel n). '. Sloni hamna aonnded on :iernl Insiporuant Ocen Ions. Colonel ). U. Sloan, of the National, has a historic horn and on being asked the story connected with it furnished the following sketch: You ask me for a history of the horn I blew as the cars brought JelTerson Davis into the Gate City of the South. We'll, t) begin, this horn hats been in my possession a quarter of a century. No tic these small lerforations through the shell. See how the worms have t'aten it.. Yet it retains its original mel low tone. This horn was presented to me by a nin who never saw or heard of me in his life; by a man .I nover saw or heard of till after his death. His name was Kirkpat.rick. It came about in this way. The gentleman lived near Charles ton, H. C., had been a great hunter, was on his leathilbed, and said to Strohecker, of Charleston, who was sitting by his side: "Strohecker, there hangs a horn; I prize it very highly on account of its sliperior tone; I feel that I shall never he able to sound it again; the delights of the ehaso is all over with me; Stroheck er, take that horn and give it to some good hunter for me and tell him I be <1ueatlied it to him as a dying gift." Stroliker promised, alnd thus 1 became the favored one, and I trust, if departed spirits have cognizanlce of what we do here below, 1 hat the soul of hirkpatrick is satislied with his legatec. I have winded this horn inl many a hunt on the Blue Ridge mountains with that patriot, the best of men, Wade lamp11ton, with Alick 1latskell, the Taylors, Calhouns and oth ers of Sioiuith Carolina's noblest sons. I maule the seacoast welkin ring with this bor n that memorabl"le evening of so ccssion ill (harlestoni. I sounded it on Atlanita's hills for Democratic victory and ( Grover Cleveland, and I made it re soMud with lusty blasts on the triumphal entry into the city of Atlanta of our old ('onfederate captain. 1 was a seccssiolist in the war, a South ('atroIiua rebel, Ibuit am under reconstruc tico n ow. I do not feel that 1. con '.uitt d treas:iin against the general gov ernumnteint. If so, our fathers did the same in the levohition; the same causes ex isted, bit an inserutable Providence gave success to the one aid defeat to. the oth er. (God doeth all things well. I a1a a U'nion man111 nOw, and should lhtsisaehusetts or South Carolina secede, 1. wouhl help whip them back. 'hie lost cause is dead and buried now. I revere its ashes, and love the grand old clieltaini who will soon follow it to that lu0trne from whence no traveler returns. I hoo him lecanse lie never flinehed or auilt red from what lie believed to be his dtty; I honor him because he was ever staienh and true to his trust. But we f,el I t we are again back in the hi:c of tar fathl ers, and are here to sta.; we feel that the great banner with its stars are our stars, its stripes our str1l s; once Iore we can1 place our itnt 1s uipon our hearts and say for the star-spangled banner: "Long, long may it wave," etc. Iencefortlh, its foes are our foes, its friends our friends. ,Jellirson D1)avis is no longer its foe. It was not that he loved the great federa t)ion less, hit I hat he loved tie principles ot the ('onfedetracy moire. Yes, I love and honor this dying hiere, but. God for Iidt tl. tt iin so doing I should cast a SIathe of lishotior or disresp tet oil in ' co11utr's fhag. I feel as if, by the gran c,t lic}aliulse of ly nattire, I could grasp unI Iwar ailoft inl miiy right, hand my coutr lv's colors, and with my left h1and i in to all hrlt rhle grave the loved form of c" .l el.stuIn I)avis, who soon i1must, go. I entrbin n> leelings of animosity toniard tour Norltern brethren, once our ft is. I Itook do wn uponi tem withI pri<h It. ThI ey arie ia griat peopleiht, a mitost up an Aiiiericani governmen't sii grandt, so goodtitlit ie heiavtens iiy siiile 111pon its, :ui thle whot le worl gaize iuon it, ini . 14t this botrln I hope to, blow it again in I88s for Grove Ci' levelanmd, or stomme theri' )>eiin,eittie I 'resitdenit, antd if dIe feat sliutili e oar fati', I will hang it upon iht wdilluws for iluiothier day. Once lie lii then, hoiwever, I will take it dowvn .-.i lhi a striaiin foir (iovern'or John B. (ih>nlln, a miunle oif irresistibile hove to ivery Stil of Stouth Carolina and every bt,y whol woroC the gray. D). U. SLOAN. Theii ('tt of ebanlieer'y ini New Jersey lets .lust rendtl'eed an iionitm huoldimig Sisit, a witneass in that Stte who swear's byv the Ilile is not bointd to kiss theO Awoilan whleln sworn had laid hier hlii til the ible ut t refusedi to kiss it. ThSol eao h gave' ftir the retfuisal wa tt she hiadi "n'everi kissed the booki."' Slit wats atllowed by the master ti tiesItify, 1but a litiotin wits sub scrieint iy iuiitl to sItrike outt her'i testimony iilire is thle 11aw, Its laid idown lby Vice "A.lmlighity ( hod, tir thie ever living wnil Utto wtitness that lie will speakl the truth I. Thei retst is folrm. Thie solenm Sthisbi1b(we. All tlse is shaidow. T.hie wit Ills ill this calse wItS sworn' with her hta ini upon ith ilbtl' ok i. Tihiire' c'an be not dtubtbuit I that if shei nnlet a false stalte Iritnt willfulIly she is liable to inidictmniit ftoir perjury. "lint it is said thtat t his many bio true and( ytt thie ciniseisee of the witness not lie btii, which is the object of the tt h. Thiere is great force ini this. IIow tid tie wit niss her'self regard it'? She is pri'tsonably a witness, for nothing to the cotIrar appearii t't.ts. She accepted the form 4f t he th a ,tI s usultly administered, with iIut ioblj ct iions, e'xtcept kissing the Bible. I illted in prlesmluing, withouit further in <jlPry, that the~ witness5 intended that her11 tinhscaiece shotuld lie bound. Speaking rom tn thea ftrimilI of lisr conscience, she eclariedl t hat it wits nt essential to kiss .1Ilth ito inii ordsr to iminpoise uponii herself ill thle oli gat ionls of aii oath."'--Now York lieriald. A itah Iimnonial aiuthiority says: 'These twit iiules will lie safe to fohlowv in all but at few texcepitional eases: F"irst, for a wo inain lo1 refuse miarriage with any lman who( is tob jetted t,o biy her maloe relatives I prid~~ted they are reasonab)ly woll ac <lluinteVd with the obiject of snippotsed I affe'tction; anti, se'cindiy, for a mani to refrain from totYeringf his hiandt in mar riage toi a womanjii who is no(t. approved by his sister, or if lie has none, by his I iudicions lady friends, E1X('AVA''IONS AT POMPE1L AfOU-T u%E-THiiERD OF THE CITY UN COVERED. What In to be seen in a City Huried by a Vol. cano--Wonders in Marble and Bronze, Skele toe, Vrescoen, Etc. A correspondent writes as follows to the New York Journal of Commerce: It seem odd to speak of a dead city as a growing one. But that is exactly the case with Pompeii. There are many cities in Italy that do not grow half as fast as the one buried by the ashes of Vesuvius 1,800 years ago. A person vis iting it at intervals of a year notices a, marked enlargement of its boundaries. The Italians, you know, are the cham pion diggers. They make the shovel fly when they attack the grave of Pompeii. We saw a gang of them at work there. A Government overseer watched theni like a hawk. le wanted to be surc that they pocketed no jewelry, coins, or ob jects of art or utility yielded by the ex cavations. The only produce of their toil mn that hn as we stood by was a bit of iron, which the guide called a hinge, and the fragment of a small marble col umn. The spades busily plied wero gradually bringing to light a beautiful houso. '1ho floors were mosaic, with simple but graceful designs in scroll pat torn-nearly as fresh of color as if laid yesterday. The walls bore frescoes of fainter tints-grinning' masks, fawns, cupids, birds, fish and fruit. It had evilently been the home of a well-to-do citizen of Pompeii. The nervous move ments of the workmen betrayed their anxiety. They were hoping at every moment to make a valuable "find." Per haps they might hit upon a great iron chest, studded with round knobs like a boiler, and full of gold, money or orna ments, or they might strike another wonder in marble or bronze, or they might be startled by coming suddenly upon a skull or other human remains. In the latter event, the work is suspend ed till a careful inspection is made. The responsible and intelligent person in charge proceeds to ascertain if the dead Ponipeiian has left a mould of him self or herself in the plastic ashes. if so, he prepares a mixture of plaster of Paris, breaks a hole in the crust, and slowly pours in the liquid till the mould is full. When it has hardened, the cast ing is tenlderedly removed. Lo! there is a rough image, showing some poor crea ture in the agonies of death, prone on ti floor, face downward. Thus, most usually, were the inhabit ants of the doomed city caught by the destroymng angel. The skull, or leg, or arm, or whatever other part of the skele ton has not relapsed into its original <lust, uiy attach itself to the plaster cast in the proper place, or may requiro to be joined on by a pardonable "restora tion." .in either case, the efl'ect is thrilling in its horrible reality. Nothing in painting or sculpture can shock the beholder miore than theso self--produced and truthful statues exhibited in tho museun, which is the first and most interesting thing shown to visitors. But, though neither gold nor silver, nor the mnutest scrap of a skeleton, nor any thing else of importance was unearthed for my benefit, I quitted the new exca vations with reluetance to examine those parts of Pompeii with which the world is already familiar through the medium of books anl pictures. 1 found myself quite at home in the bakery, the wino sholp, at the oil merchant's, at the houses of I'asa, of Salust, of the ''Tragio P'oet.," and the rest. The high steppming stones across thle streets looked familiar, as if I had trioddlen theni before. The icep ruts cut 1by the carts as they groan.. :'t up the lill, coming from the ancient stabi, were like friendly latdnarks. So Ifully have literature and art nude us ac juamated with this disinterred cit.y. The guidoe tells mec that only about one-third of Pomipeii has yet been un covered. I take his word for it. li is also of the opinion that the lbest harts of the city have already becen (dug out, lHe evidently wishes that the work woul stop). Hie is very humani in this, for ho finds it tiresomio to show pecople about the piresenlt Pompileii. Treble its size, and his labor would 1)0 threefold. And lie is forbidden to accept money. But I imagine this very stern prohibition (loes not prevent persons from ofl'ering han (sayi a couple (of francs on ''tho sly," or huin fromi aceptiog them. It may lie true, ats our guide insists, .1that the temples, forums, baths, theatres, tad fine houses now ab)ove ground sur pass anything of the kind that may here ufter be discovered at P'onmpeii. But the [talian Government is niot disposed to take that for granted. Liberal sums are yearly ap)prop)riated to push on the wvork. it i>ears frrmt. A new temple or amphi theatre may niot be struck every year, I)mt something is constantly being turned Lip to instruct the world in the manners itd customs of the old Romans, so well reflected in the representativo city of P'ompeii. Of bronze or stone statutes, household implements, and tools of trades, the yield is immense and steady.. i'hese may be counted by the thousand in the splendid museum at Naples. One can see so many articles of luxury and used exactly similar to those lie buys nowadlaysh, that lie is fain to pause and1( try to remember whiat besides the steama engine, the photograph, an I the electric telegiraphi we moderns have invented. There being no more roomi at Naplose to store these treasures, the eceCss oif themf is huiddled together in the courtyards and houses of P'ompeii hierself. It i3 esitimnatedl that at the present rate this mine of antiquities will not be worked out in fifty years. any awly La,,h4ed. An amusing story about Mr. Hi. O. Rlichiards anjd Mr. 1.Herbiert (laudstono is goinig the roiunds1. "DLepend upon01 it, h,adies and1( genitlemeni," Said Mr. Rich aurds, at thme close of a~ speechl at Soulthend( the other ntighit, ''we should never hiava beardl of Mr. Herbert Gladstone if it had tot beeni for his father." And it is dcually said that Mr. Richards wvas uin ble for somo moments to understand rly the audience roared. -London igaro. A correspondcnt wishesq to know how dlitors~ spend their leisure hours. LeIsure Leurs? Oh, yes, they spend thenm catching in wIth their work,