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DBVOTBD TO POLITIO, MORALITY, BDUCATION ANP tO TRJS GSNERAL IJTE7EST OF TBR OUNTRY. VI. PICKEXS, S. C., THURKDAY, MAY 10, 18Th NO.3 14 THE SENTINEL D. F. BRADLEY, Editor. IS PUBLISHED EVERY THURSDAY. 3 D. F. BRADLEY & CO. Terms of Subscription. Oae Year... .. .. . ... .. . . .3160 kM1 th . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Advertising ]Rates. Ad*ertisements Inserted at the rate of $1 00 pr square, of (9) nine lines, oR LesS, for the Arst insertion, and 50 cents for each subse. itoont isertion. * Centracts made for Tnaux, six or TWLVE months, on favorable terms. Adertisements not having the number of insettions marked on them, will be published until forbid and charged accordingly. These terms are so simple any child may Saderstand them. Nine lines is a square oup insh, Ia every instance we charge by the space occupied, as eight or ten lines can be inade t,o odoupy four or five squares, as the *4votiUser may wish, and is charged by the gracs. S80Advertisers will please state the num ber of squares they wish their advertisements 4 to make. S Business men who advertise to be benettted, will bear in mind that the ENTINEL has a large and increasing cir qulation, and is taken by the very class of persons whose trade they desire. THE GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE A STATESMANLIKE AND MANLY DOCUMENT. Gentlemen of the Senate and House of Representatives: It is proper that I should, before entering into a discussion of the grave questions which will come before you, give the reasons that impelled me to lall the Geueral Assembly together at a time so umisual and inconveni ent to its tuembers. I recognize and appreciate fully the great personal sacrifice denanded of the call which brings them here; but the critical condition of public affairs and the welfare of the State made it impera tive thut I should invoke the aid of the legislative branch of the govern 11 cut to asSist in the great work of reform Wfeore us, and I felt confident Otha the patriolism of those compri eIng this branch of tie State gov ernnment would iraspire tihem to meet cheerinlly all sacrifices r equired for the interests or the State. Your presence proves that I have not been disappointed in this hope; and I cher lab the additional hope that you will forget the animosities engendered by * political strife, rise snperior to the potty consideration of partisanship, and devoting youreolvee with patri, otie zal to the service of your State, and that you will strive earnestly to restore its lost prosperity, to revive its wasted industries, to reform all abuses in its government, and to pro mote peace, harmony, good will and justice among all classes and parties. To the accomplishment of these noble aims I pledge my constant, unwearied and earnest efforts; and in this pa triotic work I invoke your aid, gen tlemen of the Senate and House of Representatives, not alone as mem bers'of t he Legislature, but as patriots and Carolinians. Tme anomalons condition of affairs during the past few months, while it has entailed the necessity of con vening the General Assembly has e precluded me from laying before this body such fn!l and accurate informa tion as is desirable, or making pre. cise and definite recommendations on particular measures which will de~ jnand your attenmion. Circumstances with which yon are all familiar have preented my accee to the books and 'raords .of the various departments of iAba State government, and hence I een' neither' speak authoritatively of the exaot anancial condition of the Stster make such particular ag geotionsB as, under the ordinary con dition of puiblic matterB, it would have been mny pleasure, no Joes thanm my duty, to have done. At present I can, therefor'e, only call your at tention in gen)eral terms to a few subjects which require immediate action on yonr part, and I must ask Stor your indulgenee if I am unable to do more than to indicata the broad and comprehencive principles widob in my judgment, can give peace, sts bility and good government to on State. To the wisdom and patriot ism of the General Assembly is cooE mitted the grave duty of bringinj back to our people these inestimabli blessings. The merit of success wil belong to you gentlemen, it you suc ceed; and to you will the responsi bility attach if the hopes of you constituents are disappointed. The first, as it is the most impor. tant, subject to which your attentioi is invited, is that of the financia condition of the State. It is needles for me to say that this condition ii deplorable, for it is showin by ai empty treasury and a ruined credit by stagnation in commercial circle and depression in agricultural enter, prises; by public and personal pover ty as widespread as lamentable. All efforts to bring about a bettei state of affairs will prove unavailinj until the finances ,t the State are pn In a healthy condition and the credi of the State established on the oun( and honorable footing they once oc copied. But in the meantime ther4 is an imperative necessity that th< immediate needs of the State shoul( be provided for; and in doing thi the burden of taxation should bi made as light as possible, for the re sources of our people are well nigi exhausted, and the season of the yea at which the taxes will be called foi is moet untortunate. While it ia tht province of tie House of Represen tativos to fix the amount of taxes re. uisite to meet the demands of tbh State, and thu time and mode : their collection, I venture to offei some suggestions on thoae points fol tie consideration of the Legislsture It is due alike to the henur and thi credit as well as to its future prosper ity, that there bhould be no questior nor doubt as to our determination t< meet every honest obligation of th4 State fairly and faithfully; but it i equally our duty to ascertain what atre its honest liabilities. The sus picions which attach to a portion o1 the outstanding obligations of the state, and which to a greater or lesi extent, affect the value of ah, rendet it imperative that these obligations whether innded or not, should b< strictly scrutinized with a view of as certaining which are valid and whuci are not. There should be a conditio: precedent to the pay mnent of interes on any of the outstand ing obligation of the State, whether in the shape o bonds or otherwise, and also to th further funding of any of the Stat< indebtedness into the co)nsolidate< bonds authorized to be issued unde the act of 1878, to reduce thbe volum, of the public debt. In order to affect this object in mode salifactory and equitable, aliki to the State and to the public credit I respectfulty suggest the appoint ment of a commission, to consist o one mnembei from each House of thb Legislature, the Cornpt roller General and the 'Treasurer of the State, an< three citizens of financial ability, t< whom the whole question of the fi nancial condition of the State shal be referred, and under whose direc tions a thorough and complete invet tigatian of the funded and fioatinj indebtedness of the State shall bi made; and Who aal be em powere< to require a registration before then] or before such officers as may b designated, of thue consolhdation bond of the State. Obligations, the validi ty of w hich shall be thus ascertained shall be certilied in such a form a the commission or the Legislatur< may prescribe, and, the cuapons o1 such bonds alone shall be receivabli for taxes. The commission shook also be charged with tile duty of re porting to the General Assembly a its next i egular session the precis< character of all obligations of doubt ful v alidit y. or cleat lv trauduloni , with the specific facts or testimony - pon which their conclusions .are r based. As all the records and books showing the amount of consolidated bonds now outstandg, with the nature g of the securities on which. they were a issued, have been withheld by the I late officials, I am unable to state, - with any degree of accuracy, what - portion of the public debt has been r converted into consolidated bonds and what portion remains to be fun ded. But from the best sources of i information before we, I estimate the I amount yet to be funded as about s three million dollars; which, at the a rate eslablibhed for funding, will re i quire the issue of $1,500,000 of con ; solidated bonds. 3 Under the act-of 1878, these bonds bear date of January 1, 1874, and the annual tax provided by the act for the payment of interest on the r entire consolidated debt has been regularly levied every year, and the t amount unexpended for interest t should be in the treaury to meet the I past due cupons of these bonds, as soon as issued. I have no reason, h however, to believe that there is any such unexpended balance available I for this purpose, and if the conver i sion of the debt into consolidated a bonds continues as provided by the existing act, it will be necessary to i provide by legislation for these ar rears of interest. I suggest for your consideration the propriety of fund ing these arrears up to the time of conversion, in new bonds, payable at such time, and under such conditions as in your judgment shall be equita I ble to the State and to its ciedihore. I cannot too earnestly urge upon you the necessity of reducing the ex penses of every department of the government to the most economical scale consistent with the dignity and k security of the State. You will find ) many offices which are not only ex pensive but useless; and others, which while necessary, can be wAll filled for compensation much less than is now paid. It is, I am sure, only neces F sary to invite your attention to thib subject to secure your wise and I cordiM co-operation in lightening the burthens which have so greatly op pressed the energy and industry ~of a our people. But after the most rigid -reduction, the expenses of govern, ' ment, funds for the common schools i and to meet the interest of the public t debt, must be provided, and this can s only be done by a tax on the real and f personal property of the citizens. It a is one of our gravest difficulties that a we have come into control of the I government after the period at which r taxes can mest easily be paid. Ours a is essentially an agricultural coms munity; our products are harvested a in the latter part of the year and sold i in the earlier; and the rule which ,has always obtained of calling for the tases in January and February had f its origin not in the arbitrary will of a the Itrgislaiture, but was the natural , outgrowth of an individual sys I temn. The late political struggle has been portracted until the proceeds of - the past year's crop have been ex.. I hausted, and the present crop is not - sufficiently advanced to enable the - farmer to realize anytbing upon it i Every available dollar of cash or of s credit, in the control of the farmer, I is already applied to the growing 1 crop, and the levy of a tax lpayable B at an early day would seriously em B barrare not only the agricultural but s every other interest of the State. The , money is not in the country; it could s only be raised from loans to the a farmers by bankers or merchants; and it is questionable if it could he a railed even in this way. It is, there I fore, incumbent on you, while re 'ducing the tax to its minimum, to t arrange for its collection at such a times and in such manner as will -lighten the burthens of the people . a much as possible. A portio.n of the tax absolutely necessary could b called tor in June, and 'the residue which abould be the larger portion In October, when the proceeds of j part at least of the orop will be avail able for the paynent of taxes. By the resolutions of he HIouse o1 Representatives, adopted at the lasi sessign, I was authorized to call for s contribution not exceeling twenty five per cent, of the amount of the taxes levied lest year& Under thie autbority a call for a voluntary con tribution of one tenth of the amount of the last tax was issued, and was responded to with an alacrity and a patriotic zeal daost honobe to our people. As an evidence of teir confi dence in my adini'istration, this res, ponse was as gratifying as it was un precedented. With a view to the proper care and disbursement of this fund, I di rected that all amounts collected should be placed in the hands of General Johnson Hagood, requqating him to servo as Acting Comptroller General and Treasurer; and no apt propriation has Ixen made except upon his check, countersigned by myself. His devotion to this work, his activity and his great financial ability,,Wave proved of incalculable assistance to me. The net receipts from this contri bution and from office -fees amount to $135,839.4$; and the. disburse ments, as will appear by the books of General Hagood's office, on account of the educational, penil and ciari table institutions of the State, and for the legislative, executive and judi. cial depat tuients of the government amount to $76,661 09-leaving f cash balance on hand of $59,178 39 By the report of the late Treas urer, dated October 31st, 1876, tEr were in the treaenry at that time $258,020.37; but what portion ot this amount is now on hand I am not aware. The use of tbese funds has been enjoined by the courts, and the officials in whose charge they are wil. doubtiass account to the tegislature for them. In additio'n to the funds named, the phosphate royalty should yield from thirty to forty thousand dollars; and there will thenm be~ quite a large amount at the command .of' the Le gislature; suflcient, I hope, to meet the demands of the State until a pors tion of the taxes is collected. W hile on the subject of the finan ces, I beg to call your notice to the bills of the Bank of the State; for this question p)resents a difficult prob lem.. There is a widespread belief that a considerable amount of these bills will be found missing tromt the treasury, having been reissued in place of being canceled of destroyed. It is well, therefore, at thirs juncture, to consider w bether' or not these bills should be receivable in p)ayment of taxes. Before receiving~ thefor t,1ue taxes, the most rigid investigation should be~ had, with a view of ascer. taining the amount for which the State is clearly liable, anid what por tion is tainted with fraud, in order that suitable provision may be made at the next session of the Legislatur e for tbe redemption of the former and for the protection of the State against the latter. The penal, charitable and educa tional institutions of tiid State de mand, and doubtless will receive, your careful onsideratioti tnd your fostering care. Every dictate of eni lightened humanity, every prtecept of Bound policy, require that these instituttons should be well regulated, properly supported and alAy man aged-, but this should be done with a strict regard to economy, They should be made self-anpporting as far as possible; and I trust that some system may be devised by the Le gislatu&re which, while placing the nnUblic instituticons of tbe State o a secure basis, .will relieve t the people of a large portion of the t heavy expenses their maintenance I, i now demands. With proper legis.. 8 lation, the labor of the convicts in p the penitentiary could be made profi a table, and I ask your attention to this e subject. The management of this ic institution, under the present Super , intendent, seems to me to be judi- t cious; and he can, without doubt, s I give such valuable intorinatiQn as q would tend to work out much needed o reforms. t The charitable ins titutions will t4 likewise, I hope, receive at your v hands the attention to which they o are entitled. Refbrms looking to a r reduction of t6e expenses of supporN b ing these charities can be made n without Impairing their .usefulness, ir and without forgetting the claims 8 that the unfortunate inmates of these o1 ingtitutions have upon the charity of a the State. In reference to the lunatic assy- a, hum, I recommend the election or el appointment of a board of regents e composed of citizens of this cotinty, I themembers of which arn not to re- y ceive any compeusation for their ai services. Motives of humanity will w prompt worthy and competent men to undertake this praiseworthy duty, y and they will find an ample reward in its discharge. The expenses of b this institution, as of the penitentiary, e have been materially reduced within r the last tew months; and, in accom- h plishing this end, the Superintendent t has given me his reg'dy and efficient assistance. The two other charitable c institutions which have been sup- r ported since December by the funds e placed In my hands are the Institute , for the Deaf and Dumb and the Or- c phan Home for colored children. As t the latter Is a State charity, I felt it t to be my duty to supply its wants8 until suitable provision could be ; made for it by the Legislaturo; but I y regard the outlay for its nainten ance as unnecessarily large. It hi should be reorganized so as to mak e it it conform to the straitened conidk- gi tion of our finances, as far as this can be done with,'t defeating the ob jects of Its creation, which in them selves are praiseworthy. Of the condition of the University I am unable to speak advisedly, as2 no communication from the authori ties of that institution and nio call for h' assistance has been received by my self until within the last few days, t when the Chalirman of the Faculty , handed me his report, whieh I here- S witch transmit. W hile I fully recog nize the importance of keeping m?p u this institut,ton, I am forced to thep conclusion that the benefits it be-p stows, under the p)resen)t system, are b not commensurate with the expense n it entails. To bring it up to a proper bi standard, it must undergo a comn plete JJ reorganization, and I earnestly ask t< your attention to this subject of vital I consequence. Such action can be taken at present ns may be necessary to meet the immediate wants of the si University; and subsequent legisla-. e tion can, after mature deliberation, ei place the institution on the high ground it once occupied. Akin to this subject is that of free 8 schools, and I carnes'ly ask that you h will use every effort to establish such e a system as will place the means of e, education within the reach of all C classes in the State. The p)resent , system, as it has been administered, ii is a mere mockery, under which the t, childrwen have been imperfectly a taught. The teachers have been 9 swindled out of their. pay, and the money of the people has been squan- n dered. There have been honorable a exceptions to this rule, but they are rare. 1 have now before mue a "teach i e r's pay~ certificate" to whicli the board of' school trustees, consisting of three members, have eaich aflixed his g eress~ mnark" as is isignlature. As paper is a strikitig illustrat ion of ie new system of public education iaugurated in the State, and is, be des, a literary curiosity well worth reserving, it is transmitted for in pection. While such a disgracefiAl ondition of things is allowed to ex. it, we shall hope in vain to sea the rork of education prosper. The ime may be too limited at this sea ion to enable you to perfect a system rhich will meet the requiroments of ur whole people; but such legisla on can be had as will secure to the mabers fair compensation for ser ices already rendered, and will carry n public instruction until the next 3gular session. We are bound aliko y every consideration of true states ianship and of good faith to keep up the State such a system of free ,hools as will place within the reach every child-the poorest as well ithe richest, black as well as white -the means of acquiring.an honest id honorable education; and to this id I shall most cordially second any forts on the part of the Legislature. shall, look with confident hope to )nr aid in carrying out the reforms id fulfilling the pledges to which a are solemnly committed. A great work-the greatest to 'hich a patriotic people can be called -is before us, and a heavy retonsi ility rests upon us. W6 have to reate anew a Slate which can of ight demand and take the. proud and onorable position she once hold in le great sisterhood of this great re ublic. We have to restor her redit; to bring back her good. ame; to develop heil boundless re orces; tQ heal her wounds; to secure qual and exact justice to all her hildre; to astablish and maintain lie supremacy of the law; to diffuse ie blessings of education; and tV :rive to bind all classes of both races the bonds of peace, fraternity and iety. I trust that wo shall all devoto irselves to the attaiiinment of those igh aims, and I pra~y that God may fi Hi wisdom and Uis morey speed y crown our efforts with success. WAns HAMPTON, Governor. From the Charleston News, and Courier. A Ca'rd. PICKENs C. II., April 17, 1877. 'o the Editor of the News and Courier: An article published in your papor, aded "An Outrage on Justice," has ien read by me with feolings of in nee mortification. In binding over tho case of Enoch upper to the April term of the United ~atos Court, [ am made to appear a >artial judge, a moro p)artisanl, a man. ifit to be a judge.'' ibrom the stanid, >int of your information it may ap ar so, but 1 conceive that I havo )onl unjustly dealt with. I know of ) rule governing Commissioners in uding over defendants to either tho istrict or Circuit Courte. It is left his (the Commissioner's) discretion. said to counsol for defence, in reply Shis question, "That it was the prac oo since I had become a Commis-. onorto bind over cases to tho near, it court, and I sawv no cause to dia, mntinno it.; that I had no dlirect in ructions." I do not admit that I received indirect instructions," or as "controlled by somnoeolement out,. do of my indlividual judgment.'' I ad reference to the pr1actico of Comn ilssioners in binding over cases for' ial. It is well known that overya ommissioneOr who osamnined cases for iolation of thd in t6nal roveuno law 1870 bound thomn over' to the A pril arm. Among those Commissioners re numbered gentlemen of' the highs it sense of honor, whom I am sure rould not bo influenced by improper iot,ivos. If it is wrong, asR it now ppearse to ho, a simple expression of 10 same from their honors would in. Lre a discontinuanco of the p)ractico am very respeoctfully, JonN .fJ. T.1,IINLEY. P'ackard, like Chamiberain, in his u-nwell addross signs hiimlOl Gover