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T ^ The European \< Italy at War With Turkey. Home, AUK. 21.-Italy's declara tion of war against Turkey was offi cially announced here to-night. The declaration came at the end of a short cabinet session, which was 0 convened immediately upon receipt of the Turkish reply to the Italian ulti matum. The Italian demands were rhat reservists of the King's army be permitted to leave Turkey without I restriction. * The reilly of the porte was uusat- j isfactory, as had been expected, and ! it was only left for the cabinet to proceed formally to the declaration. The meeting was held amid scenes of,great excitement, the populace ap parentiy being eager for strife with r the Turks. lt was later officially announced that, no reply having been made to Italy's ultimatum, the Italian am bassador at Constantinople had been Instructed to present a declaration of war to Turkey. The grounds given for the declara tion were Turkey's support of the revolt in Libya and the porte's refu sal to accede io the Italian demands that Italian residents of Syria he per mitted to leave Turkey without re st fiction. 1 The time limit having expired to day and no reply having been made by the Turkish government, the Ital ian ambassador to Turkey, Martinis Di Garroni, complied with previous instructions and presented lo the ^ porte Italy's declaration of war. He also asked for his passports. He left Constantinople to-night. The Turk ish ambassador to Rome will depart to-morrow. It is generally conceded here that Italy will join the allies immediately in their operations in the Darda * nelles. Reports are that 150,000 men are held in readiness to aid the Franco-Brit ?sh land forces on Galli poli, while a strong squadron of fast Italian cruisers has been mobilized nt Taranto, Italy, to sail at a mo ment's notice. ?4 Events Preceding Declaration. Friction bet ween Turkey and Italy has been in evidence since shortly after the hitler's entry into the war. ? Rarlj in .1 une? there were reports that Malian consuls were slowly leav ing Turkey and that American olll tf /.?..?v ..?"(..> i'ii?ini' <>\<>r the task of . .' . ... Uno ma Kovorroiieut was prov? ntir.v ? . . similar coercion was ueing exerted ig over Italian civilians who wished to quit Turkish soil. On July 20 advices came from Rome that the Italian government had addressed a note to the Knited .States asking it to use its influence to protect Italian subjects in the Ot toman domains. The complaint thal * they were being prevented from leav ing was reiterated. Two days later the Italian cabine met for the supposed purpose of dis cussing the situation as regard?e Turkey and almost coincidentally tin Italian government begun to ga the * evidt nco intended lo show that Tur key had violated the treaty of Lau s?nne, an undertaking according fi the terms of which she pledged her self to withdraw all Turkish troop and Officers from the Gyreniaca dis trief in Tripoli and help bring abou ? the submission of the Sonussi tribes men in this locality. Instead of doing this, it was alleg ed, Enver Pasha, the Turkish minis ter of war. last March sent his bro ther, Nuri Boy, to Cyreniaca to fo ment rebellion. ^ On August :! the Italian ambassa dor af Constantinople made anothe protest to Turkey relative to the atti tude of the Ottoman authorities tc ward Italian subjects, lt was slate that Italian consuls were still bein ^ detained in Turkey. At that time the tension Iud wee Italy and Turkey was becoming mor acute daily, lt was announced o the 5th of August that italy ha asked for categorical explanation concerning Turkey's alleged refusi ^ to withdraw her troops from the Cj ronnica district In Tripoli, and it WC charged thai Turkey wax pu neu in what was described as her usu; policy ol' procrast ?nation. I our Sunk in Baltic Rattle. Berlin, Aug. 21.-Three Russia y warships and one German warshl all small vessels, have been sunk i the hattie In tho Gulf of Riga. OH ebal announcement to this effect wt made to-day. A statement from the German ai miralty concerning tho bailie, is I * follows: "Our Baltic naval forces penetra ed the Gulf of Riga nftor mil sweepers had swept tho mino flo and net obstructions. In tho ou post engagements, which developed Russian torpedo boat of the Em ? Pucharskli class, was destroyed, at other torpedo boats, among thom tl Novik, and one large vessel we Bovoroly damaged while retreating /arJDay by Day. "On the evening of tho 19th, In Moon Sound, the Russian gunboats Sivutch and Koreets were sunk by artillery fire and torpedo boats after bravo resistance. Forty members of the crews, Including two officers, some severely wounded, were res cued by our torpedo boats. "Three of our torpedo boats were damaged by mines. One sank, one was run aground and one was escort ed to port. "Our loss of life was small." The Sivutch and Koreets were sis ter ships of 857 tons displacement. They were 218 feet long, 36 eet beam and 8 feet deep. They v ere armed with two 4.7-Inch guns . nd four 3-inch guns. The normal co n plement was 140 men each. Steamship Gober Down. London. Aug. 22.-The British steamer Coher has been sunk by a submarine. The captain and crew have landed safely. The Kiga Naval Hattie. Petrograd, Aug. 23.-The Russian gunboat Sivutch, with a crew of I4f men, is said by the Petrograd news papers to be the only Russian war ship lost In the Gulf of Riga battle Commander Tcherkassov, who dis tinguished himself at Port Arthur was in command of the Sivutch. Tin number of survivors has not been an nounced. The naval battle In the Gulf o Riga is described as follows in statement from navy headquarters: "The German fleet on August Hit' renewed, with large forces, its attack on our positions at the entrance t the Gulf of Riga. Our ships durin the 16th and 17th repulsed the at tacks of the enemy, whose secrr preparations for entering the gul had been favored singularly hy mist weat her. "Taking advantage of a thick foj hostile forces of considerable size et tered the gulf on the 18th and ot vessesl retired, at the sante time coi i inning to resist the enemy withoi losing touch with him. "On the I9tll and 20th the enen reconnoitered In different direction at the same time keeping up a ligl with our ships, in which our torpei boat Hot illa suffered material lossc Oil our .side we lost the gunboat ii viii<h, which perished gloriously .?., ..i...<....>? .'...i.? ...?.i. o? fkrieniv err sec A hieb was escott i ig torpedo i r.i at I c?i II i; to .i distance of 4( yardi from her. The Sivutch, o . il'1.' d .a lames, i<ontInned t.<> repl shot for shot, until she sank, havn previously sunk enemy torpedo boa "In view of the losser iffered ai the futility of his effo che euer appears to have evacuated the Gt of Riga on the 21st. "Between the loth and 21st, D enemy cruisers and no fewer th eight torpedo boats were either sn or placed hors de combat. Simuli neously our gallant allies succeed in torpedoing in the Baltic one of t most powerful dreadnnughts of t German fleet." I The foregoing contains no ref enc?? to the Russian gunboat Koroo which was said in an official Germ .statement Saturday to have been su also.) Ossowetz Fort Falls. I Berlin, Aug. 2:!.-German iroi have occupied the fortress of Os wetz, which was evacuated by Russians. German headquarters 1 nounced to-day The German stn m'ent reads: "The troops ol Gen. von Bishhi are making further progress east Kovno. "On the Hohr we occupied Os wetz fortress, which was avacua by i he Russians. "North and south of Tykocln t cessful engagements took place, kocin was taken. On this occaf 1,200 prisoners. Including 11 offlt and 7 7 machine guns fell Into bands'. "Desperate Russian counter-attf east of Blelsk failed, with very ( siderable losses to the enemy, and advanced south of this town. "Engaged in stubborn fighting, army group of Prince Leopold crossed the Kleszoze-I.eranza line is engaged in further favorable tacks. We took 3,050 prisoners i 6 machine guns were captured. " The crossings over a tributar the Pulva have been captured ; tierce resistance on the front hetv Rnzna and the south of tho river, attack across the Bug above the utary of the Pulva is milking gross. "Before Brest-Lltovsk the sitm remains unchanged. On both sid Svitjoze and at Pieszoza, east of dova, the enemy was defeated ye day and driven hack towards northeast." Dallans on tho Move, Rome, Aug. 23.-Several t ports laden with troops and esc< by warships have departed from pies, Syracuse, Taranto and Mri for an unknown destination. They sailed under sealed orders. It l is generally believed that they are to be employed for operations against Turkey. The fact is disclosed that joint military action by Italy with long land, France ar.d Russia against Tur- < key was arranged by the Italian Gen- 1 eral Pirro during his visit to the An- fl glo-Freneh front in .Inly. Plans studied then, it is said, can immedi ately be put into action. Bulgaria Remains Neutral. Berlin, Aug. 2'.\.-The Overseas N?*?'.vs A .;:*".? ney to-day gave o tt the fol lowing: "Olllclai repot s from Soil.; and Constantinople sta'o that Turkey and Bulgaria have : igt ed a new treaty, Turkey granting po garia her desired direct railroad con teetion with the sea, and Bulgaria agreeing to observe a benevolent neutrality, if not more. "This demonstrates the definite failure of the effjrts of the entente powers 'o revive illiance of the Bal kan States and int uce them to join In the war aga list Turkey." Dino.1 IHoiik >d Sunk. Queenstown, Aug. :'3.- The Lam port and Holt liner Dioi.'cd has been sunk by a G'-rtnan suhma-lue. The captain, quartermaster and ste."0":! were killed by shells during a four hour pursuit. Submarine Sinks Turk Ships. Sofia. Bulgaria, Aug. 23.-The Turkish collier Ksphahan has been torpedoed by a British submarine at liaidar Pasha, and tlx- steamer Bu des, of the German-Levant line, loaded with munitions of war and provisions, has been sunk in the Sea of Marmora. German Destroyer Sunk. Paris, Aug. 23.-"Two French torpedo boals encountered and sank a German torpedo destroyer off Os tend (Belgium) last night," says an announcement made here to-day. "Our boats were undamaged." This Morning's Dispatches indicate great activities along all fronts fo'* greater efforts in the near future. No battles of moment have been fought either in the east or west fronts, but continuous fighting is recorded without definite results. Berlin reports Hie sinking of a Rus sian auxiliary ship and Petrograd makes official report of the sicking Saturday last of three German troop transports in the Gulf of Riga. The allied forces in Turkish wa ters and at Gallipoli report marked successes, while Constantinople re cords reverses for the allies. Great bono in entertained in London and j Paris, based up< i roufldaiitlAl offl leial reports, tba1 uu next few week [ will wi nesa th? forciug d the Dar ! dan idles. ger operations in the West. The fighting in Belgium and France has been steady, but without any results bordering on a decisive blow in any locality. Petrograd announces continued but slow retreats before the Austro lerman forces, stating that the latter ire buying every foot they gain at fearful cost of lives. M ATTI?'. HS AT LITTLE RIVER. Matters of Local Interest,-Making Friends Wit li Nature's Wards. Little River. Aug. '20.-Special: The rain is coining down again after a dry spell. Miss Carrie Grant has charge of the school al this place. The school bids fair to be a success. Miss Grant bas several years' experience in the school room and lias proven very suc cessful. The school at Smefltzer opened Au gust 16th with Miss Susie Sligh, of Walhalla, in charge. A good school is hoped for. Rev. R. A. Hudson, assisted by others, is carrying on a protracted service this week at this place. Sam and William Liisk. of Dick ens, after spending some time in this .section, have returned to their home William Smith, of Stamp Creek, in company with his brother, Eugene Smith, of Georgia, spent the early part of last week circulating among their friends in this section. They will leave for Georgia about Septem ber 1st. Mr. anti Mrs. L. G. Lusk have ano ther inmate added to their home, lt's a girl. Mrs. J. L. Talley paid her daugh ter, Mrs. Guarios Grant, of the Cheo hee Valley, a short visit the past week. Fran'< Alexander made a bi siness trip to North Carolina the past week. Mrs. Elbert Hudson, of Fair Play, came back with him Dom an extend ed trip in the mountain country. A. W. Galloway, after spending the week past with relatives and friends in and around Clayton, Ga., baa re turned home. Little Bennie Moore has a pet bird. It is a brown thrush. Bennie is very cute and tries many things. In train ing the bird Bennie has made a fast friend. After ho had kept the bird for three weeks he decided to set him free, nn?-i left him in the woods, but the bird refused to leave and came back with Bennie and con tinues to stay with him. Miss Alma Dunlap, of Oak Grove, and the Misses Hudson, of the Cheo ?KO*;?. ! FOR PLEASANT KI1MJK liiMn Day-Pirat Sunday in Sep mber is Day Fixed. Following is Hie program of Chll lren'8 Day exercises to be held at Measant Ridge Baptist church on the rst Sunday in September : Singing by Sunday school. Prayer by superintendent of Sun ay school. Song- - .Higher Grounds." Greeting-Hy Mae Garrison and Jerald Rutledge. Welcome (acrostic)--Hy ten chil ren. "Our Wish"-Hy Hannen Beatty: "Recipe for a Happy Day".-By 'iola Todd. "Cheer Up"-By Mary Cox. "This Blessed Children's Day" ly Gladys Alexander. Children's son;;, "Jesus Doves Me." "Smiling Face of Mother"-By M. [. Holland. "Lips thee Touch Liquor"-By tuth Holla id. "Don't Drink, My Boy, To-night" -"Hy Cb sterfleld Beatty. 1 "is 'ninnie Here?"-By Ola Gal- ? reat\. I Dialogue by six girls. 1 "The Way of a Hoy".Hy J. L. 1 tolland. "Climbing Up the Hill"-By 1 talph Beatty. 1 "One Tiling Lacking"-By Eva folland. Song-"Little Reapers." "Face wit li a Frown"-By Eunice leatty. "Message of Nature"-By seven iris. "Advice for Boys"- By Whitten lalbreath. "The Sinner and the Song"-By ' tu bye Beatty. "The Drunkard's Lament"- By Lgnes Lipscomb. "Somebody's Mother"-By Anne lox. Song, "Temperance." "A Little Bit of Love"-By Mae harrison. "I Asked Hie Flowers"-By Gay icll Alexander. "A Childs Prayer"-By Mildred 'catty. "Look Within"- By Charlie Carri on. Song "Wonderful Peace." Declamation-By Alma Alexander. Declamation-By Lula Orr. Offering will he taken for Sunbeam ;onj? 'Cod HM With Vou Hil We? deei. figS-ln." Di her. ? T' i afternoon will be span* in linging, and Hiere will be a lecture , >n temperance. Messrs. Durham, Murphy, Morton md Chastain are expected to he with is to conduct Hie singing. All good singers and lovers of mu de are cordially invited to come and j iring well-filled baskets. Second Race in Fourth. (Columhin Record.) According to the latest unofficial returns from the Fourth Congres sional District. Sam J. Nicholls, of Spartanburg, and B. A. Morgan, of Greenville, will run over in the sec- ? md primary, to be held August 24, for the seat in the National House of Representatives left vacant by the resignation of Jos. T. Johnson, when ne was appointed Federal Judge of the Western South Carolina District by President Wilson. Late figures show that Nicholls leads with 4.061 votes. Morgan second with 3,770, fol lowed by A. H. Miller, of Greer, with i 2,(508; W. W. Johnson, of Union, with 1,791; I. C. Blackwood, of Spartanburg, with 1,745, and R. J. Gantt, of Spartanburg, with tf>0. Quarterly Conference, Walhalla Ct. The third quarterly conference of Walhalla Circuit will lie held at Dou ille Springs church next Saturday, August 28. Preaching -it i l o'clock by Rev. J. M Steadman followed by dinner on Ute grounds, after which the business session wlW be held. Let every official member on the cir cuit he present. All others invited and expected to attend the services. H. A. Whitten, Pastor. Dr. J. If. Witherspoon Dead. Yorkville, Aug. 21.-Dr. Janies H. Witherspoon, last surviving brother of tho late Judge I. H. Witherspoon, died here yesterday afternoon after an Illness of several weeks. Dr. Witherspoon was in his TV th year. Ile was a native of Yorkville. He was educnted at the Arsenal, in Co lumbia, and at the Citadel; served in the Confederate army; graduated in medicine at Charleston, but later gave up the practice of medicine and moved to Laurens county, and en gaged in farming. see section, were guests of their friends, Misses Myrtle, Della and Huby Perry, last Sunday. Every person interested in the cemetery at Whitniire's will please meet at the cemetery early Saturday morning, August 28th, with tools. Come prepared to work. CO RT RIG The four designs of Cortright Mt made in any of the following ways 1. Stamped from Tin-plate and pa 2. Stamped from Tin-plate and pa 3. Stamped from Tin-plate and Gal 4. Stamped from special tight-coah Each and every genuine Cortright 1 Trade-mark, " Cortright Reg. U. i For St Ballenger Hardware <\ S BN EC, AN ENJOYABLE BANQUET. _ i Wallinna odd Fellows Entertained Their FriCiids Last Week. Tuesday night ol' last week proved ? o be a most enjoyable one for many : )t" the citizens of Walhalla, about ! fi t ty of whom were guests of tho local lodge of Odd Fellows at ono of ?heir splendid banquets. 'The geusts ?vere cordially welcomed at the door by the Noble Grand, Mlles L. Phil lips, and a corps of co-workers of the lodge, and every guest was made to feel "?it home" to a marked degree. 'The reception and mingling to gether of Odd Fellows and their guests was not lengthy before all were bidden io a veritable feast, for so soon as the last guest had arrived, Mr. Phi!!';.s announced that F. A. II. Schroder would take charge as mas ter of ceremonies. The visitors were bidden to assemble at the long table in the lodge room, which was heav ily laden with good Illings to eat. .lohn H. s. Dendy asked a blessing upon the bountiful spread and upon the partakers thereof, and ?ill "fell I to with a will." giving abundant evi dence that tile abilities of the Odd ; Fellows as hosts were fully appreci- | ated. Aller the repast cigars were passed around and the after-dinner speakers were called upon. M. lt. McDonald, Esq., made a splendid talk to the Odd Fellows and ? to their guests, his remarks being timely and thoughtful. He was fol lowed by Harry H. Hughs. Esq., I Vice Grand of the lodge, who also j nonie a most favorable impression, j ciusotl. Other speakers v ere James j M, Moss, lohn B. s. Di dy Esq., and ( C Vt. Ja ynes, nil ul whom were ul-I tenllvely listened Lo and applauded. J Mr. Den dy's remarks were peculiarly appropriate and he was heartily ap plauded as he closed. Oconee Dodge, No. 64, ls one of the strongest fraternal organizations in Walhalla, and their custom of ban queting their friends occasionally is highly appreciated, for these occa sions are the making of strong friendships and have tended to ce ment a fellowship that has .spread far beyond the confines of Odd Fellow ship. The citizens of Walhalla have a very warm place in their hearts for the members of Oconee Lodge, and such occasions as that of last week etui but result in great good to the lodge and to the public. W. O. W. Meeting Saturday. Maple Camp, W. O. W., (Wal halla Mill), will meet at tho Masonic. Hall next Saturday night, August 28, at x.;ti) o'clock. Work in M. and N. degree. W. F. Gillespie, Council Commander. C. L. Dickson, Clerk. Farmers1 Local Union No. 7?. A meeting of Farmers' Union, Lo cal No. 7(5, ls hereby called, to be held at the club house, on Saturday, September 4th, at 2..'HI p. m. Every member is urged to attend promptly. F. H. Burley, Secretary. The Human Eye and is a delicate organ understood by few. Many good eyes have been ruined hy cheap, misfitted glasses. THINKING PEOPLE do not risk their future sight and health to incom petents. We are prepared to do optical work in a conscientious way, observ ing the value of sight nnd applying every proven, scientific test necessary to reveal defects of tlie eyes. We then prescribe glasses that will relieve. GLOBE OITICAL CO.. Masonic Temple, Greenville, - 8. C. - -r -ir - -wr Imping?"Shioj!* Oriental 5Mo?l? METAL SHINGLES ital Shingles as shown above are ?rited Red. inted Green. vanized by a hand-dipping process. ;d Galvanized Sheets. Metal Shingle is embossed with this >. Pat. Off." 6 2U by fc Furniture Company \, s. c. ?g. LOCAL ANO PERSONAL. -J (Continued from Eighth Page.) Little Miss Mary Clarkson and Master Ansel Clarkson, after a visit, io their grandmother, Mrs. Mary N. Ansel, returned to their home at Verdory last week. They were ac companied on their return hy Misses Emmie and Caroline Ansel and Mas ter John Ansel, who will spend a few days visiting at the homo of Rev. and Mrs. G. F. Clarkson. Horn, unto Mr. and Mrs. George Whitten, of the Reeky Knoll section, August 2SH h, a son. Mrs. .1. L. Stokes is spending this week visiting among relatives : i ii * I friends at Non li Augusta, S. C. Morn, unto Mr. and Mrs. Sam Elliott, August 22d, a son, ami unto Mr. and Mrs. Charlie Foster, on tho 2od, a daughter. C. H. Oehmlg returned lo Wal halla last Sunday from a visit io va rious points in this Slate and Geor gia. Ile reports a pleasant time. - Mr. and Mrs. C. G. Jaynes and son Garwood left yesterday for At lanta, where they will he tor a day or I . "o. Mrs. Jaynes will make her millinery selections before returning. Rev. J. A. While, of Jefferson, S. C.. arrive(l in Walhalla yesterday to lu1 nore witii members of his fam ily for two days. They visited at the home of Messrs. R. T. and C. G. Jaynes. W. R. Davis, of Seneca Route No. '1, is among the visitors to Wal halla. Ho has many friends here who are always glad to see him. Ile came over specially to see his old friend, F. A. Lewis. -Mrs. Dell G. MeAIister and daughter, Miss Katherine, ol' Colum bia, spor.i several'days Hil, and lad u\ fit vii iu., r ai the home of Mrs K. A. Dell. They were OM their way home, having hoer. taking it. fh< Sh ri nora annual trip in co ipany w nh Mr MeAIister. - Mrs. E. F. A. Wieters, Jr., and daughters. Olga and Dorothy, Mrs. W. A. Prause and son Harold, Mrs. Karl Stello, Mrs. C. Myer. Miss Lou ise Myer, Mrs. I). H. Habens and daughter, Miss Marie, and grand daughter, Marie, of Charleston, aro guests at the home of Dr. and Mrs. j. J. Th ode. -R. Wales Shelor, of Texas, spent a part of last week in Walhalla vis iting at. the home of his uncle, Jos. W. Slielor. Esq. Mr. Shelor is tho Texas dist ried agent for the Dodge Motor Car Company, of Detroit. Mr. Shelor at one time made his homo here, and his many friends were pleased to meet him again. -Mrs. J. H. Ostendorff and daughter. Miss Carrie, of Charleston, returned the latter part of last week from a visit to relatives in Green ville. They came to Walhalla on tho (marleston excursion and are visiting at the homo of tho Misses Ansel, Main street, and among other rela tives and friends. .Miss Jordan, of Greenville, spent the la er part of last week and tho first ol this week visiting at tho home of Major and Mrs. Wm. J. Stribling, near town. She left yes terday for Richland, where she will be for some time visiting at the homo of Mr. and Mrs. J. P. Stribling. A number of young ladies of Walhalla and vicinity were entertained most charmingly at the Stribling home, near Walhalla, Monday and Tuesday. -We aro requested to announce that the meeting next Sunday at Cross Roads will be opened at 10 o'clock, at which time the Sunday school will render a short but very attractive program, closing this fea ture at 11.15. An hour will ho de voted lo a lecture by some one of tho prominent speakers who v ill be pres ent, and from 12.15 to 1.15 dinner will he served, and from 1.3<* to 2.30 another speaker will be h* ard. '*ev. T. M. Galphln, of Seneca, and ot .er prominent local ministers and speak ers will be among those having placo on thor program. The public of Oco nee is cordially invited to be pres ent, and all aro urged to bring well fllled baskets. -There aro lint eleven davs now nulli the Walhalla High School will open the 1915-1916 session, and tho faculty has boon completed. Tho following is the faculty In full: H. W. Casque (A. H., S. C. University), superintendent and teacher in high school; Miss Sarah Rudd, of Sum merville. (A. B., Winthrop? and M. A. , Meridian Female College), and Miss Lola Kaufmann. (A. 13., Win throp), teachers in high school; Mrs. G. C. Probst, teacher 7th grade; Mrs. A. P. Crisp, 6Hi grade; Mrs. L. T. Covington (A. B., Lander,) 5th grade; M?BS Mary Ansel, 4th grade; Miss Jehsie Dobbins, Greenville, (A. B. , Presbyterian College, Charlotte,) 3d grade; Mrs. R. J. Sifford, 2d grade; Miss Eula Grant, 1st grade. The trustees are earnest in their de sire that every pupil shall be In school at the opening if possible. The next session promises to be the best In tho history of the school,